CN104360495A - Photochromic ophthalmic systems that selectively filter specific blue light wavelengths - Google Patents

Abstract

The inventional relates to a photochromic ophthalmic systems that selectively filter specific blue light wavelengths. Ophthalmic systems are provided that include both a photochromic component and a blue-blocking component.

Description

The photochromic ophthalmic system of the specific blue light wavelength of selective filter

Division is stated

The application is the applying date is on March 25th, 2010, denomination of invention is " the photochromic ophthalmic system of the specific blue light wavelength of selective filter ", application number is: the divisional application of the Chinese invention patent application of 201080022639.X.

To the cross reference of related application

This application claims the rights and interests of the U.S. Provisional Application 61/163,227 submitted on March 25th, 2009.The application is also the U.S. Patent application 11/933 submitted on October 31st, 2007, the part of 069 continues, this U.S. Patent application 11/933,069 is continue in the part of the U.S. Patent application 11/761,892 of submission on June 12nd, 2007, this U.S. Patent application 11/761,892 is the U.S. Patent applications 11/378 submitted on March 20th, 2006, the part of 317 continues, and requires the right of priority of the U.S. Provisional Application 60/812,628 submitted on June 12nd, 2006.U.S. Patent application 11/933,069 is also the U.S. Patent application 11/892 submitted on August 23rd, 2007, the part of 460 continues, this U.S. Patent application 11/933,069 requires the U.S. Provisional Application 60/839 submitted on August 23rd, 2006,432, the U.S. Provisional Application 60/841,502 submitted on September 1st, 2006 and the right of priority of U.S. Provisional Application 60/861,247 submitted on November 28th, 2006.U.S. Patent application 11/933,069 also requires the right of priority of U.S. Provisional Application 60/978,175 submitted on October 8th, 2007.All these applications are contained in this by entirety by reference.

Background technology

The air of the earth is bombarded in electromagnetic radiation from the sun constantly.Light is made up of the electromagnetic radiation with wave traveling.Electromagnetic spectrum comprises radiowave, millimeter wave, microwave, infrared ray, visible ray, ultraviolet (UVA and UVB), x-ray and gamma ray.Visible light spectrum comprises the longest visible wavelength and about 400nm (nanometer or 10 of about 700nm ^-9rice) the shortest visible wavelength.Blue light wavelength drops in the scope of about 400nm to 500nm.For ultraviolet frequency band, UVB wavelength is from 290nm to 320nm, and UVA wavelength is from 320nm to 400nm.Gamma and x-ray form the upper frequency of this frequency spectrum, and by Atmospheric Absorption.The wavelength spectrum of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is 100-400nm.Most of UVR wavelength by Atmospheric Absorption, except there is the place in the region in stratospheric ozone cavity.In the past in 20 years, have recorded the cavity of the ozonosphere caused mainly due to industrial pollution.Be exposed to UVR more and more and there is publilc health impact widely, because expection has the burden of increasing UVR eyes and disease of skin.

Ozonosphere absorbs the wavelength up to 286nm, therefore avoids biology to be exposed to the radiation with highest energy.But we are exposed to the wavelength being greater than 286nm, the great majority of this wavelength drop in the visible spectrum of people (400-700nm).The retina of people is only in response to the visible light part of electromagnetic spectrum.Shorter wavelength causes maximum danger, because they comprise more energy on the contrary.It is the part of visible spectrum retinal pigment epithelium (retinal pigmentepithelium) (RPE) cell of animal being produced to maximum photochemistry infringement that blue light has shown.Exposure for these wavelength has been called as blue light harm, because these wavelength are blue by Human Perception.

Cataract and macular degeneration are extensively thought to be derived from respectively to damage for intraocular lens and amphiblestroid photochemistry.Show that blue light exposes the propagation accelerating uveal (uvealmelanoma) cell.The maximum photon of energy in the visible spectrum has the wavelength between 380 and 500nm, and is perceived as purple or blueness.The wavelength dependency of the phototoxicity (phototoxicity) that all mechanism amounts to often is represented as action spectrum, as will be explained below all: Mainster and Sparrow Br.J.Ophthalmol the 87th volume 1523-29 page of 2003 " IOL should transmission how many blue lights? (How Much Blue Light Shouldan IOL Transmit?) " and Fig. 6.Do not having in artificial lenticular eyes (aphacia (aphakic) eyes), the light with the wavelength shorter than 400nm can cause infringement.In Phakic (phakic) eyes, this light is absorbed by intraocular lens, does not therefore impel retinal phototoxicity; But it can cause lenticular optical degeneration or cataract.

The pupil of eyes is in response to the suitable light retinal illuminance of measuring with troland (torland), and it is the amphiblestroid product with the incident flux of the susceptibility that wavelength is correlated with and the projected area of pupil.Describe hereinafter this susceptibility: " Color Science:Concepts and Methods.Quantitative Data and Formulae " (Wyszecki and Stiles work) 102-107 page of the Wiley company nineteen eighty-two publication in New York.

Following prerequisite is supported in current research forcefully: the short-wavelength visible light (blue light) with the wavelength of about 400nm – 500nm can be the cause worked of AMD (AMD).Think that the highest level of blue light absorption appears at the region around 430nm, such as 400nm – 460nm.Research is display further, and blue light is degrading other paathogenic factors in AMD, such as heredity, tobacco smoke and excessive consumption of alcohol.

The retina of people comprises multilayer.These layers listed to the darkest order to be exposed to any light entering eyes the earliest comprise:

1) nerve fibre layer

2) gangliocyte

3) inner plexiform layer (Inner Plexiform Layer)

4) bipolar and horizontal cell

5) outer plexiform layer (Outer Plexiform Layer)

6) photoreceptor (retinal rod (Rod) and the cone (Cone))

7) retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)

8) Bruch's membrane (Bruch's Membrane)

9) choroid (Choroid)

When light is absorbed by the photosensory cell of eyes (retinal rod and the cone), this cell is bleached and is become and reacts unhappy until their recover.This rejuvenation is metabolic processes, and is called as " visual cycle (visual cycle) ".The absorption of blue light has shown and has reversed this process prematurely.This reverses too early the risk adding oxidative damage, and thinks and cause chromogenesis lipofuscin (lipofuscin) in retina.This produces in present retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) layer.Think because excessive amounts of lipofuscin causes formation to be called as the gathering of the extracellular matrix of drusen (drusen).

Current research instruction, in the life process of the people started with the process of baby, due to light and alternately amphiblestroid, metabolic waste accessory substance is accumulated in amphiblestroid pigment epithelial layer.This metabolic waste product is characterized by specific fluorophore, and one of the most significant is lipofuscin component A2E.The stimulation that the in vitro study that Sparrow carries out indicates lipofuscin chromophore (chromophore) A2E found in RPE to be subject to the light of 430nm maximum.In theory, critical point is reached: the combination of the accumulation of this metabolic waste (particularly lipofuscin fluorophore) has reached specific accumulation level when following time, the weakening at the physiological potency of the specific this refuse of retina intracellular metabolite of human body when a people reaches specific age threshold, and suitably the blue light of wavelength stimulates to cause form drusen in RPE layer.Think that then drusen disturbs the normal physiological/metabolism behavior allowing suitable nutrients to arrive photoreceptor, therefore facilitate the macular degeneration (AMD) relevant to the age.In the main cause that the U.S. and the Western countries AMD are irreversible serious visual sensitivity forfeitures.Increase widely in burden expection afterwards 20 years of AMD, because design population's flowing and increasing in aged individual quantitative entirety.

Drusen hinders or stops that RPE layer provides suitable nutrients to photoreceptor, and this causes the infringement of these cells or even dead.Seem that it becomes poisonous when lipofuscin absorbs blue light in large quantities, cause the further infringement of RPE cell or even dead, make this process complicated further.Think that lipofuscin component A2E is responsible for the short wavelength sensitive degree of RPE cell at least in part.A2E has shown maximally to be stimulated by blue light; The photochemistry event caused from such stimulation can cause cell death.For example, see " external blue light absorption intraocular lens and retinal pigment epithelium protection (Blue light-absorbing intraocular lens andretinal pigment epithelium protection in vitro) " that in the J.Cataract Refract.Surg of 2004, in the 30th volume 873-78 page, the people such as Janet R, Sparrow shows.

From the angle of theory, lower part seems to occur:

1) from baby, run through life, in pigment epithelial level, occur Waste buildup.

2) the retinal metabolism behavior of this refuse and ability is processed usually along with the age weakens.

3) spot pigment reduces with people's age usually, therefore filters less blue light.

4) blue light makes lipofuscin become poisonous.The toxicity damage pigment epithelial cell that result causes.

Illumination and sight protection industry have the standard being exposed to UVA and UVB radiation about people's eyesight.Surprisingly, there is not the such standard about blue light.Such as, in current obtainable Common fluorescent fluorescent tube, glass shell blocks most of ultraviolet, but blue light is with little decay transmission.In some cases, shell is designed to the transmissivity in the blue region of frequency spectrum with enhancing.The harm of such artificial light source also may cause eye damage.

The Laboratory evidence that Sparrow obtains in Columbia University has shown that the RPE cell death then caused by blue light may reduce high to 80% if be blocked in about 50% of the blue light in the wavelength coverage of 430 ± 30nm.Such as, authorize the U.S. Patent No. 6,955 of Pratt, disclose block blue light in 430 to attempt to improve the outside eye wear product of eye health, such as sunglasses, glasses (spectacles), safety goggles and contact lenses.Object protects retina to comprise intra-ocular lens and contact lenses from other Ophthalmoligic instruments of this phototoxicity light.These Ophthalmoligic instruments are located in the light path between surround lighting and retina, and usually comprise or the coated dyestuff optionally absorbing blue light and purple light.

The other lenses attempting to be reduced by block blue light aberration is known.Aberration is caused by the optical dispersion of eye medium, and this medium comprises cornea, intra-ocular lens, hydratoid and vitreous humor.Blue light is focused on the plane of delineation place different from the light with longer wavelength by this dispersion, causes defocusing of full-colour image.Authorize the U.S. Patent No. 6,158,862 of Patel etc., authorize the U.S. Patent No. 5 of Jinkerson, 662,707, the U.S. Patent No. 5,400 of Johansen is authorized, 175 and authorize the U.S. Patent No. 4,878 of Johansen, describe the lens of traditional block blue light in 748.

Classic method for the blue light exposure reducing a medium fully blocks the light under threshold wave-length usually, also reduces simultaneously and exposes at the light of longer wavelength.Such as, authorizing the U.S. Patent No. 6,955 of Partt, the lens transmission described in 430 lower than 40% reaching the incident light of wavelength of 650nm, as shown in the Fig. 6 in 430 of Partt.In U.S. Patent No. 5,400, the light that in 175, blue-light blocking lens (blue-blocking lens) is decayed similarly in the visible spectrum more than 60% disclosed in Johansen and Diffendaffer, as shown in Fig. 3 of 175 patents.

May be difficult to balance by the scope of blue light that stops and quantity, because stop and/or color in suppress blue light to affect colour vision that colour balance, people watched by optical devices and the optical devices perceived.Such as, shooting glasses looks like jonquilleous, and block blue light.Shooting glasses often makes some color when a people watches blue sky become more obvious, allows ejaculator to see the object that will aim at more accurately.Although this is for shooting glasses function well, it is unacceptable for many ophthalmic applications.Specifically, such ophthalmic system (ophthalmic system) may because stop the yellow produced in lens that causes or amber and be aesthetically unappealing due to blue light.More specifically, for blue light stop a kind of common technique relate to use such as BPI Filter Vision 450 or BPI Diamond Dye500 blue light stop look (blue blocking tint) by lens coloring or dyeing.Can such as comprise blue light stop in the look tank of the heating of dye solution that continuing certain section completes that this is painted predetermined time by lens are immersed in.Usually, dye solution has yellow or amber, therefore applies yellow or amber to lens.For many people, this yellow or amber outward appearance may be aesthetically less desirable.And this look may disturb the normal color perception of lens user, make the color being such as difficult to correctly perception traffic lights or mark.

Carry out the flavescence effect making great efforts to compensate conventional blu-ray stop optical filtering.Such as, used the other dyestuff of such as blueness, redness or green colouring material to process blue-light blocking lens, to offset flavescence effect.The dyestuff that this process makes this other becomes the dyestuff stopped with original blue light and mixes.But although this technology may reduce the yellow in blue-light blocking lens, the mixing of dyestuff can reduce the effect of blue light stop by allowing more blue spectrum to pass through.And these conventional arts reduce the overall transmissivity of the optical wavelength except blue light wavelength undesirably.This less desirable reduction may cause the visual sensitivity reducing lens user then.

Have been found that traditional blue light stops and reduce transmission of visible light, this stimulates the expansion of pupil then.The expansion of pupil adds the luminous flux comprising intra-ocular lens and amphiblestroid inner eye structure.Because for these structures radiation flux with pupil diameter square and increase, so stop that the lens of half blue light have the transmission of visible light of reduction, on the contrary pupil diameter is relax to 3mm from 2mm, in fact blue photons is added 12.5% for amphiblestroid dosage.Protection retina depend on from phototoxic the light amount of this light clashed on the retina, this amount depend on the transmission properties of a medium and also depend on the dynamic aperture of pupil.Previous work is so far sluggish in the contribution of pupil for the prevention of phototoxic blue light.

Another problem that conventional blu-ray stops is that it can reduce Infravision.Blue light is compared to light for low-light level or noctovision (scotopic vision) or photopic vision (photopic vision) is more important, and this is the result expressed quantitatively in the luminous sensitivity spectrum for noctovision or photopic vision.Photochemistry and oxidation reaction cause IOL soma naturally to increase along with the age for the absorption of the light of 400 to 450nm.Although be responsible for the quantity of the retinal rod photoreceptor of scotopic vision on the retina also along with the age reduces, the absorption of the increase of intra-ocular lens is important for reduction Infravision.Such as, noctovision sensitivity reduces 33% in the intra-ocular lens of 53 years old, and reduces 75% at 75 years old in crystalline lens.Further describe the contradiction between retina protection with noctovision sensitivity hereinafter: Mainster and Sparrow Br.J.Ophthalmol the 87th volume 1523-29 page of 2003 " IOL should transmission how many blue lights? (How MuchBlue Light Should an IOL Transmit?) ".

The traditional means that blue light stops also can comprise cut-off or high pass optical filtering, for the transmissivity for the blue light of specifying or violet wavelength is reduced to 0.Such as, all light under threshold wave-length can be stopped completely or almost entirely.Such as, U.S. published patent application No.2005/0243272 to Mainster and Mainster " intraocular lens should stop UV radiation and purple light instead of blue light (IntraocularLenses Should Block UV Radiation and Violet but not Blue Light) " of the 123rd volume the 550th page in the Arch.Ophthal of 2005 describes the light stopped under all threshold wave-length between 400 and 450nm.Such stop may be less desirable, because when longer wavelength is shifted at the edge of long pass filter mirror, the dilating effect of pupil increases total flux.As mentioned above, this can make noctovision deterioration of sensitivity and increase cross-color.

Recently, there is the discussion stopped about suitable UV while keeping acceptable photopic vision, noctovision, colour vision and circadian rhythm and blue light in the field of crystalline lens (IOL) within the eye.

In view of the foregoing, one or more ophthalmic system that following part can be provided is needed:

1) blue light with acceptable blue light level of protection stops

2) acceptable color aesthetic feeling, that is, ophthalmic system someone of observed ophthalmic system when being worn by wearer is perceived as is muted color substantially.

3) for the acceptable color-aware of user.Specifically, need a kind of ophthalmic system, it does not damage the colour vision of wearer, and the reflection in eyes further from the rear surface of system to wearer is in not by level that wearer dislikes.

4) for the acceptable level of the light transmission of the wavelength except blue light wavelength.Specifically, need a kind of ophthalmic system, it allows the wavelength of optionally block blue light, and the visible ray of transmission simultaneously more than 80%.

5) acceptable photopic vision, noctovision, colour vision and/or circadian rhythm (circadianrhythms).

This needs exists, because increasing data are pointing to the blue light as one of the possible paathogenic factor in macular degeneration (the blind main cause in industrialised world) and other retinal diseases.

Summary of the invention

Provide ophthalmic system, it comprises photochromic parts (photochromic component) and blue light stop member.

In one embodiment, a kind of ophthalmic system comprises at least one blue light stop member (blue-blocking component) and at least one photochromic parts (photochromiccomponent), wherein, described blue light stop member continuously and optionally filters the blue light wavelength range of choice being included in the wavelength of about 430nm, and wherein, described photochromic parts when activated, filter the visible ray of the wavelength be included in outside described blue light wavelength range of choice.

In one embodiment, the average transmittance (average transmission across the visible spectrum) in the system (activated system) of described activation on visible spectrum than sluggish system (inactive system) in average transmittance little at least 20% on visible spectrum.

In another embodiment, described in the system activated, the average transmittance of blue light wavelength range of choice is less than the average transmittance of blue light wavelength range of choice described in sluggish system.

In another embodiment, described in the system activated, the average transmittance of blue light wavelength range of choice is in 20% of the average transmittance of blue light wavelength range of choice described in sluggish system or in 5%.

In one embodiment, described blue light stop member is not photochromic.

In one embodiment, described blue light stop member optionally filters at least 20% or at least 50% of the light in described blue light wavelength range of choice.

In one embodiment, described blue light wavelength range of choice comprises from about 420nm to about 440nm, from about 410nm to about 450nm or from about 400nm to the wavelength of about 460nm.

In another embodiment, described system comprises at least extra blue light stop member further, and it is wavelength-filtered range of choice optionally, and this wavelength chooses scope comprises the chromophore except A2E.

In yet another embodiment, described system by contrast sensitivity at sinusoidal wave grating test (sine wave grating test) (such as, FACT ^tM) at least 1 increases 1 point.

In another embodiment, described inactive and/or activate system have be less than 8 or be less than 5 yellow colour index (yellowness index).

In one embodiment, white light has CIE (x, the y) coordinate of (0.33 ± 0.05,0.33 ± 0.05) when being transmitted through inactive and/or system that is that activate.

In one embodiment, described blue light stop member comprises perylene (perylene), porphyrin (porphyrin), cumarin (coumarin), acridine (acridine) and derivant thereof.In certain embodiments, described blue light stop member comprises perylene or derivatives thereof, porphyrin or derivatives thereof or four base porphyrin magnesium (magnesium tetramesitylporphyrin).

In another embodiment, described blue light stop member comprises the blue light stop dyestuff that concentration is about 1ppm to about 50ppm or about 2ppm to about 10ppm.

In one embodiment, described photochromic parts are activated by least one of UVB, UVA, blue light, visible ray and Infrared wavelength.In another embodiment, described photochromic parts are activated by least one of UVB, UVA and Infrared wavelength.In yet another embodiment, described photochromic parts are had the photoactivation of the wavelength of about 380nm to about 410nm.

In one embodiment, described system comprises UV optical filtering further.In one embodiment, after described UV optical filtering is positioned at described photochromic parts.In another embodiment, the wavelength activating described photochromic parts is not filled into the degree stoping and activate by described UV filter mirror.

In one embodiment, described system is ophthalmic lens (ophthalmic lens), eyeglass lens (spectacle lens), contact lenses (contact lens), intraocular lens (intra-ocularlens), corneal inlay (corneal inlay), cornea covering (corneal onlay), corneal graft (corneal graft), electro-active lens (electro-active lens), windscreen (windshield) or window (window).In one embodiment, described system is eyeglass lens.

In one embodiment, at least one of described photochromic parts and described blue light stop member is present in described system.In another embodiment, at least one of described photochromic parts and described blue light stop member is arranged in the local of described system.

In one embodiment, described blue light stop member comprises blue light restraining barrier, and/or described photochromic parts comprise photochromic layer.

In one embodiment, described blue light stop member is before described photochromic parts.In another embodiment, described blue light stop member is after described photochromic parts.In one embodiment, described blue light stop member not with described photochromic component physical contact.In another embodiment, described blue light stop member and described photochromic parts mixing.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Figure 1A and 1B illustrates the example of the ophthalmic system comprising posterior blue light stop member and preceding color balance parts.

Fig. 2 illustrates the example using resistant (dye resist) to form ophthalmic system.

Fig. 3 illustrates blue light stop member and the color balance component integration example system in the ophthalmic lens of transparent (clear) or substantial transparent.

Fig. 4 illustrates the exemplary ophthalmic system using in-mold coating (in-mold coating) to be formed.

Fig. 5 illustrates the combination (bonding) of two ophthalmic components.

Fig. 6 illustrates the exemplary ophthalmic system using anti-reflection coating.

Fig. 7 A-7C illustrates the various example combinations of blue light stop member, color balance parts and photochromic parts.

Fig. 8 A and 8B illustrates the example of the ophthalmic system comprising the stop of multi-functional blue light and color balance parts.

Fig. 9 illustrates the reference of the color of the observation corresponding with various CIE coordinate.

Figure 10 illustrates the transmissivity of GENTEX E465 absorbing dye.

Figure 11 illustrates the absorptivity of GENTEX E465 absorbing dye.

Figure 12 illustrates the transmissivity with the polycarbonate substrate being suitable for the dye strength absorbed in 430nm scope.

Figure 13 illustrates the transmissivity of the function of the wavelength as the polycarbonate substrate with anti-reflection coating.

Figure 14 illustrates the color diagram of the polycarbonate substrate with anti-reflection coating.

Figure 15 illustrate as uncoated polycarbonate (polycarbonate) substrate and there is the transmissivity of function of wavelength of polycarbonate substrate of anti-reflection coating on both surfaces.

Figure 16 illustrates the spectral-transmission favtor of the TiO2 layer of the 106nm on polycarbonate substrate.

Figure 17 illustrates the color diagram of the TiO2 layer of the 106nm on polycarbonate substrate.

Figure 18 illustrates the spectral-transmission favtor of the TiO2 layer of the 134nm on polycarbonate substrate.

Figure 19 illustrates the color diagram of the TiO2 layer of the 134nm on polycarbonate substrate.

Figure 20 illustrates the spectral-transmission favtor of the AR coating of the amendment be suitable for the substrate color balance with blue-absorbing dye.

Figure 21 illustrates the color diagram of the AR coating of the amendment be suitable for the substrate color balance with blue-absorbing dye.

Figure 22 illustrates the spectral-transmission favtor of the substrate with blue light absorption dyestuff.

Figure 23 illustrates the color diagram of the substrate with blue light absorption dyestuff.

Figure 24 illustrates the spectral-transmission favtor of the substrate with blue light absorption dyestuff and rear AR coating.

Figure 25 illustrates the color diagram of the substrate with blue light absorption dyestuff and rear AR coating.

Figure 26 illustrates the spectral-transmission favtor of the substrate with blue light absorption dyestuff and the AR coating in front and rear surfaces.

Figure 27 illustrates the color diagram of the substrate with blue light absorption dyestuff and the AR coating in front and rear surfaces.

Figure 28 illustrates the spectral-transmission favtor of the substrate with blue light absorption dyestuff and color balance AR coating.

Figure 29 illustrates the color diagram of the substrate with blue light absorption dyestuff and color balance AR coating.

Figure 30 illustrates the exemplary ophthalmic device comprising film.

Figure 31 illustrates the optical transmittance characteristic of exemplary film.

Figure 32 illustrates the exemplary ophthalmic system comprising film.

Figure 33 illustrates the example system comprising film.

Figure 34 A and B illustrates pupil diameter as the function of field illumination and pupil area respectively.

Figure 35 illustrates the transmission spectrum of film of doping perylene dyes, wherein, the product of concentration and path obtain about 437nm place about 33% transmissivity.

Figure 36 illustrates the transmission spectrum according to film of the present invention, and wherein, Perylene concentrations is about 2.27 times that previous picture in picture shows.

Figure 37 illustrates for SiO ₂and ZrO ₂six layers of stacking exemplary transmission spectrum.

Figure 38 illustrates the reference color coordinates corresponding with the Meng Saier tile (Munsell tiles) illuminated by the luminophor specified in (L*, a*, b*) color space.

Figure 39 A illustrates the histogram of the gamut of the Meng Saier color tile for relevant filter mirror.Figure 39 B illustrates and stops by the blue light of being correlated with the gamut that filter mirror causes.

Figure 40 illustrates the histogram according to the gamut for perylene dyes substrate of the present invention.

Figure 41 illustrates the transmission spectrum according to system of the present invention.

Figure 42 illustrates and gathers for Meng Saier tile in the sunlight according to the histogram of the cross-color of device of the present invention.

Figure 43 A and B illustrates representational a series of skin reflex spectrums of the object from different nationalities.

Figure 44 illustrates the exemplary skin reflectance spectrum of Caucasia object.

Figure 45 illustrates the transmission spectrum for various lens.

Figure 46 illustrates exemplary dyes.

Figure 47 illustrates the ophthalmic system with hard conating.

Figure 48 illustrates the transmissivity of the function of the wavelength of the selection optical filtering as the strong absorption band had around 430nm.

Embodiment

Embodiments of the invention relate to a kind of ophthalmic system, its perform effective blue light stop, and be simultaneously provided in aesthetically attractive product, for user normal or acceptable color-aware and the high-caliber transmitted light for good visual sensitivity.Provide a kind of ophthalmic system, it can provide the average transmittance of 80% of visible ray or better transmissivity, selectable suppression blue light wavelength (" blue light stops (blue blocking) "), allow the correct colour vision performance of wearer, and the observer wearing the wearer of such lens or lens combination to viewing provides the outward appearance of muted color the most.As used herein, " average transmittance (averagetransmission) " of system refers to the average transmittance of the wavelength in the scope of such as visible spectrum.System also can be characterized by " luminous transmittance (the luminous transmission) " of system, and " luminous transmittance " of system refers to the mean value in wavelength coverage, and it has carried out weighting according to eyes in the sensitivity at each wavelength place.System described herein can use various optical coating, film, material and absorbing dye to produce the effect of expectation.

More specifically, embodiments of the invention can provide the effective blue light combined with color balance to stop.As used herein " color balance (Color balancing) " or " color is balanced (colorbalanced) " represent yellow or amber or other blue lights stopped that unwanted effect reduces, offset, neutralisation or compensation to produce in aesthetically acceptable result, while do not reduce the effect of blue light stop.Such as, 400nm – 460nm place or near wavelength can be stopped or be reduced intensity.Especially, such as, 420 – 440nm places or near wavelength can be stopped or be reduced intensity.And the transmissivity of the wavelength do not stopped can remain on high level, such as, at least 80%.In addition, for outside spectators, ophthalmic system may seem transparent or substantial transparent.For system user, color-aware can be normal or acceptable.

As used herein " ophthalmic system (ophthalmic system) " comprise such as be with or without visuality and/or the painted contact lenses of aesthetic feeling for transparent or painted eyeglass (or glasses), sunglasses, tool, intraocular lens (IOL), corneal graft, corneal inlay, cornea cover and the prescription of electro activation Ophthalmoligic instrument or the ophthalmic lens of OTC (over-the-counter), and can processed process or combine with miscellaneous part, be provided in this further description desired function.The present invention can be formed to allow to be applied directly in cornea tissue.

As used herein, " ophthalmic materials (ophthalmic material) " is the material of the ophthalmic system being generally used for manufacturing such as correcting lens (corrective lens).Exemplary ophthalmic material comprises the plastics of glass, such as CR-39, Trivex and makrolon material, although also can use other materials, and these other materials are known for various ophthalmic system.

Ophthalmic system can comprise one or more blue light stop member.In one embodiment, blue light stop member is after color balance parts.Blue light stop member or color balance parts can be the ophthalmic components of such as lens or form its part.Blue light stop member below and color balance parts above can be adjacent on one or more surfaces of ophthalmic lens or near different layers.One or more color balance parts are provided to reduce or the yellow of neutralisation blue light stop member below or amber colouration, to produce in aesthetically acceptable outward appearance.Such as, for outside spectators, ophthalmic system can seem transparent or substantial transparent.For system user, color-aware can be normal or acceptable.And because blue light stops and color balance is painted does not mix, so the wavelength in blue spectrum can be stopped or reduce intensity, and the intensity in transmission of incident light in ophthalmic system can be at least 80% for the wavelength do not stopped.

As mentioned above, the technology stopped for blue light is known.Known technology for block blue light wavelength comprises absorption, reflection, interferes or its combination in any.As mentioned above, according to a kind of technology, can in the proper ratio or concentration use the blue light of such as BPI Filter Vision 450 or BPIDiamond Dye 500 stop look painted/tinted lenses.Such as can be completed by following manner that this is painted: be immersed in by lens and comprise blue light and to stop in the look tank of the heating of dye solution certain section predetermined time.According to another kind of technology, optical filtering is used for blue light and stops.This optical filtering can comprise the organic or inorganic compound such as presenting absorption and/or reflection and/or interference with blue light wavelengths.Optical filtering can comprise multiple thin layer or the coating of organic and/or dead matter.Every layer of attribute can individually or absorb in combination with other layers, reflect or interfere with the light with blue light wavelength.Pectination notch filtering light mirror (Rugate notch filter) is the example that blue light stops optical filtering.Pectination optical filtering is the single film of inorganic dielectric, and wherein, refractive index is vibrated continuously between height and low value.By bi-material (such as, the SiO of different refractivity ₂and TiO ₂) common deposition and manufacture, pectination optical filtering is known has the stopband of the good definition for wavelength blocking, and has very little decay in this band outside.The constructing variable (quantity of oscillation period, index modulation, refractive index oscillation) of optical filtering determines the performance parameter (center of stopband, the width of stopband, transmissivity in band) of optical filtering.Such as in U.S. Patent No. 6,984,038 and 7,066, disclose in more detail pectination optical filtering in 596, quote the entirety of this each patent.Another kind of technology for blue light stop is the use of multilayer dielectric stack.Multilayer dielectric stack is manufactured by the separating layer depositing staggered high index of refraction and low-index material.Be similar to pectination optical filtering, the performance parameter of the design parameter determination multilayer dielectric stack of the quantity that the thickness of such as each layer, the refractive index of each layer and layer repeat.

Color balance can comprise: apply the appropriately combined of the proper proportion of such as blue-colored/dyestuff or concentration or red and green coloring/dyestuff to color balance parts, make when being watched by external observer, ophthalmic system entirety has aesthetically acceptable outward appearance.Such as, ophthalmic system entirety can seem transparent or substantial transparent.

Figure 1A illustrates the ophthalmic system comprising posterior blue light stop member 101 and preceding color balance parts 102.Each parts comprise recessed rear side or surface 110,115 and convex front side or surface 120,125.Within system 100, posterior blue light stop member 101 can be or comprise ophthalmic components, such as single vision lens (single vision lens), wafer or optical preform.This single vision lens, wafer or optical preform can be colored or dye to perform blue light to be stopped.Preceding color balance parts 102 can comprise surperficial cast layer (surface cast layer), apply it to single vision lens, wafer or optical preform according to known technology.Such as, visible ray or UV light or both combinations can be used to be pasted or are attached to single vision lens, wafer or optical preform by this surperficial cast layer.

Surface cast layer can be formed on the convex side of single vision lens, wafer or optical preform.Because by painted to single vision lens, wafer or optical preform or dyeing to perform blue light stop, so it may have in aesthetically less desirable yellow or amber.Therefore, such as, can use the proper proportion of blue-colored/dyeing or red and green coloring/dyeing appropriately combined come colored surface cast layer.

Can, after surperficial cast layer is applied to the treated single vision lens, wafer or the optical preform that make block blue light, color balance adjuvant can be used to carry out treatment surface cast layer.Such as, have the single vision lens of surperficial cast layer blue light stop on their convex surfaces, wafer or optical preform and can be immersed in the look tank of heating, the look tank of this heating has the color balancing dye of proper proportion and concentration in the solution.This surperficial cast layer absorbs color balancing dye from solution.The single vision lens stopped to prevent blue light, wafer or optical preform absorb any one of color balancing dye, can use and such as be with the resistant of (tape) or wax or other coatings to shelter or close its recessed surface.Illustrate this point in fig. 2, Fig. 2 illustrates ophthalmic system 100, within the system, the recessed surface of single vision lens, wafer or optical preform 101 has resistant 201.The edge of single vision lens, wafer or optical preform can stay and not apply, and becomes in aesthetically adjustable color to allow them.This may be important for the negative focal length lens (negative focal lenses) with thick rim.

Figure 1B illustrates another kind of ophthalmic system 150, and wherein, preceding color balance parts 104 can be or comprise ophthalmic components, such as single vision lens or multi-focus lens (multi-focal lens), wafer or optical preform.Posterior blue light stop member 103 can be surperficial cast layer.In order to set up this combination, resistant as above can be used to shelter the nonreentrant surface of the single vision lens of color balance, wafer or optical preform, be immersed in comprise in this combination to prevent it and absorb blue light when blue light stops adding in thermocolour tank of dye solution and stop dyestuff.Meanwhile, the surperficial cast layer of exposure will absorb blue light stop dyestuff.

It should be understood that surperficial cast layer can combinationally use with multi-focus lens (instead of single vision lens), wafer or optical preform.In addition, surface cast layer may be used for increasing multiplying power (power) to single vision lens, wafer or optical preform, comprising multifocal multiplying power, therefore single vision lens, wafer or optical preform are converted to and there is multi-focus lens that the is linear or addition of progression type.Certainly, surperficial cast layer also can be designed as and adds little multiplying power to single vision lens, wafer or optical preform or do not increase multiplying power.

Fig. 3 illustrates that blue light stops and color balance is functionally incorporated in ophthalmic components.More specifically, in ophthalmic lens 300, the part 303 corresponding with the degree of depth in the ophthalmic components 301 of its Background Region place color penetration to transparent or substantial transparent can be that blue light stops.And, can be color balance with the color penetration at region, portion place before or after it to the part 302 that the degree of depth in the ophthalmic components 301 of transparent or substantial transparent is corresponding.System in figure 3 can be produced as follows.Ophthalmic components 301 can be initially such as transparent or the monochromatic light of substantial transparent or multi-focus lens, wafer or optical preform.Blue light can be used to stop monochromatic light or multi-focus lens, wafer or the optical preform of the transparent or substantial transparent of color dyes, and its convex front face is such as described above by using resistant to shelter or apply to be rendered as non-absorbing simultaneously.As a result, the transparent or monochromatic light of substantial transparent or the thick recessed surface of multi-focus lens, wafer or optical preform 301 can be created in by color penetration start and extend internally and there is the part 303 of blue light barrier functionality.Then, the anti-absorber coatings of convex front face can be removed.Then, anti-absorber coatings can be applied to recessed surface, and can the convex front face of painted monochromatic light or multi-focus lens, wafer or optical preform and periphery (such as, by being immersed in the look tank of heating) for color balance.Color balancing dye is absorbed by this periphery and part 302, and part 302 starts in convex front face and extends internally, and is left not painted due to the coating at initial stage.The order of aforementioned processing can be reversed, that is, can first shelter recessed surface, simultaneously by painted for remainder for color balance.Then, can coating be removed, and can will leave the degree of depth at uncoloured recessed region place by sheltering or thickness is painted stops for blue light.

Referring now to Fig. 4, in-mold coating can be used to form ophthalmic system 400.More specifically, painted in-mold coating 403 can be used to carry out color balance via surface casting has such as used suitable blue light to stop the monochromatic light of color, dyestuff or other adjuvant dye/tint or the ophthalmic components 401 of multi-focus lens, wafer or optical preform.The in-mold coating 403 of the proper level and/or potpourri that comprise color balancing dye can be applied to nonreentrant surface mould (that is, for applying the mould (not shown) of coating 403 to the nonreentrant surface of ophthalmic components 401).Can fill between coating 403 and ophthalmic components 401 and solidify colorless monomer (monomer) 402.The process of curing monomer 402 makes the in-mold coating of color balance itself be transferred to the nonreentrant surface of ophthalmic components 401.Result is that the blue light with color balance surface coating stops ophthalmic system.In-mold coating can be such as anti-reflection coating or traditional hard conating.

Referring now to Fig. 5, ophthalmic system 500 can comprise two ophthalmic components, and one is blue light stop member, and another is color balance parts.Such as, the first ophthalmic components 501 can be use suitable blue light to stop colors staining/painted rear monochromatic light or recessed surperficial multi-focus lens, wafer or optical preform, to realize the blue light barrier level expected.Second ophthalmic components 503 can be the front monochromatic light or nonreentrant surface multi-focus lens, wafer or the optical preform that such as use the bonding agent 502 of UV or visible light curable to combine or be bonded to rear monochromatic light or recessed surperficial multi-focus lens, wafer or optical preform.Front single vision lens or nonreentrant surface multi-focus lens, wafer or optical preform can present color balance before or after it is combined with rear single vision lens or recessed surperficial multi-focus lens, wafer or optical preform.If afterwards, then such as front single vision lens or nonreentrant surface multi-focus lens, wafer or optical preform can be made to be color balance by technology as above.Such as, resistant can be used shelter or apply rear single vision lens or recessed surperficial multifocal lens, wafer or optical preform, absorb color balancing dye to prevent it.Then, can combining rear section be placed in the suitable solution comprising color balancing dye together with forward part add thermocolour tank, absorb color balancing dye to allow forward part.

Any one of above-described embodiment system can with one or more antireflection (AR) component combination.For the ophthalmic lens 100 and 150 shown in Figure 1A and 1B, such as, this point shown in Figure 6.In figure 6, AR parts 601 of such as coating are applied to the recessed surface of rear blue light barrier element 101, and the 2nd AR parts 602 are applied to the nonreentrant surface of color balance parts 102.Similarly, AR parts 601 are applied to the recessed surface of rear blue light stop member 103, and the 2nd AR parts 602 are applied to the nonreentrant surface of color balance parts 104.

Fig. 7 A-7C illustrates the further example system comprising blue light stop member and color balance parts.In fig. 7, ophthalmic system 700 comprises blue light stop member 703 and color balance parts 704, they to be formed on the front surface of the ophthalmic lens 702 of transparent or substantial transparent or near adjacent but the coating distinguished or layer.Blue light stop member 703 is after color balance parts 704.On the rear surface of the ophthalmic lens of transparent or substantial transparent or near, AR coating or other layers 701 can be formed.Can on the front surface of color balance layer 704 or near another AR coating of formation or layer 705.

In figure 7b, blue light stop member 703 and color balance parts 704 be arranged in the ophthalmic lens 702 of transparent or substantial transparent rear surface on or near.Again, blue light stop member 703 is after color balance parts 704.On the rear surface that AR parts 701 can be formed in blue light stop member 703 or near.On the front surface that another AR parts 705 can be formed in the ophthalmic lens 702 of transparent or substantial transparent or near.

In fig. 7 c, blue light stop member 703 and color balance parts 704 to be arranged on the rear surface of transparent ophthalmic lens 702 and front surface or near.Again, blue light stop member 703 is after color balance parts 704.On the rear surface that AR parts 701 can be formed in blue light stop member 703 or near, and another AR parts 705 can be formed in color balance parts 704 front surface on or near.

Fig. 8 A and 8B illustrates ophthalmic system 800, and the function wherein for block blue light wavelength and execution color balance can be combined in single parts 803.Such as, this combined functionality component can block blue light wavelength, and is also reflected back some green and red wavelengths, therefore by blue neutralisation, and eliminates occur mass-tone in lens.Combined functionality component 803 can be arranged on the front surface of transparent ophthalmic lens 802 or rear surface or near.Ophthalmic lens 800 to may further include on the front surface or rear surface of transparent ophthalmic lens 802 or near AR parts 801.

Although Fig. 7 and 8 depicts the structure of specific embodiment, one of ordinary skilled in the art can understand, the location of blue light stop member and color balance parts can be different with material, manufacture process and application.Such as, blue light stop member can before one or more ophthalmic components of such as ophthalmic lens or photochromic parts, afterwards, with its one or sandwiched therebetween.Similarly, color balance parts can before one or more ophthalmic components, afterwards, with its one or sandwiched therebetween.And blue light stop member can be located changeably relative to color balance parts (although some embodiments specify blue light stop member after color balance parts).

In order to the effect of quantized color equalizing feature, it may be useful for observing by the light of the substrate reflection of ophthalmic materials and/or transmission.Observed light can be characterized by its CIE (x, y) coordinate, to indicate the color of the light of observation; By the CIE coordinate of these coordinates and incident light is made comparisons, can determine because reflection/transmission causes offset by the color of how much light.White light is defined as CIE coordinate (0.33,0.33).Therefore, the CIE coordinate of observed light is more close to (0.33,0.33), then it seems " whiter " for observer.In order to characterize the gamut or balance that are performed by lens, by the white light of (0.33,0.33) towards lens, and the CIE of the light of reflection and transmission can be observed.If the light of institute's transmission has approximately the CIE of (0.33,0.33), then do not have gamut, and the object of scioptics viewing has natural outward appearance, that is, relative to the object do not observed in lensed situation, color will not offset.Similarly, if reflected light has approximately the CIE of (0.33,0.33), then lens will have natural aesthetic appearance, that is, it for viewing lens or ophthalmic system user observer for seem not painted.Therefore, expect that transmittance and reflectance light has as far as possible close to the CIE of (0.33,0.33).

Fig. 9 illustrates that the CIE being used to indicate the observation color corresponding with various CIE coordinate schemes.Reference point 900 indicates coordinate (0.33,0.33).Although the middle section of this figure is designated as " white ", the light of some CIE coordinates had in this region seems for the audience can be slightly painted.Such as, the light for observer with CIE coordinate (0.4,0.4) will look like yellow.Therefore, in order to realize the muted color outward appearance in ophthalmic system, expect that light (namely by (0.33,0.33) of system transmittance and/or reflection, white light) have after transmission/reflection as far as possible close to the CIE coordinate of (0.33,0.33).CIE figure shown in Fig. 9 uses the various systematic perspective gamut that observe with for referencial use to illustrate by this, but in order to have omitted tab area.

Can by by dyestuff, the substrate material be injected at ophthalmic lens in substrate material comprises absorbing dye, to produce the lens with specific Transmission light and absorption properties.Owing to usually finding to there is Soret band (Soret band) in porphyrin material, these dye materials can the basic peak wavelength of absorbing dye or shorter resonance wavelength.Exemplary ophthalmic material comprises various glass and polymkeric substance, such as polycarbonate, polymethylmethacrylate (polymethylmethacrylate), silicone (silicone) and fluoropolymer (fluoropolymers), but other materials also can be used and is known for various ophthalmic system.

Only for example, GENTEX day material E465 transmission and absorption shown in Figure 10-11.Absorptivity (A) is relevant to transmissivity (T) by equation A=logio (l/T).In this case, transmissivity between zero and one (0<T<1).Transmissivity is usually expressed as number percent, i.e. 0%<T<100%.E465 dyestuff stops those wavelength being less than 465, and is usually provided for stopping these wavelength with high light intensity (OD>4).Similar product can be obtained to stop other wavelength.Such as, the E420 from GENTEX stops the wavelength lower than 420nm.Other exemplary dyes comprise porphyrin, perylene and can absorb the similar dyestuff of blue light wavelength.

Absorptivity at shorter wavelength place can be reduced by reducing dye strength.This and other dye materials can realize the transmissivity of ~ 50% in the region of 430nm.Figure 12 illustrates the transmissivity of polycarbonate substrate, and this polycarbonate substrate has the dye strength that is suitable for absorbing in 430nm region and has some to absorb in the scope of 420nm-440nm.By reducing the concentration of dyestuff and the effect comprising polycarbonate substrate realizes this point.Antireflection coating is not carried out at this point in rear surface.

The concentration of dyestuff can affect outward appearance and the gamut of ophthalmic system.By reducing concentration, the system of the vicissitudinous gamut degree of tool can be obtained.The amount that the CIE coordinate that " gamut (color shift) " refers to reference light as used herein changes after the transmission and/or reflection of ophthalmic system.Also can it is advantageous that due to the difference in the various types of light (such as, sunshine, incandescent light and fluorescent light) being usually perceived as white, the gamut caused by system carrys out characterization system.Therefore, can it is advantageous that the amount based on the CIE coordinate displacement of the incident light when system transmittance and/or reflected light carrys out characterization system.Such as, wherein have (0.33,0.33) light of CIE coordinate becomes and has (0.30 after transmission, 0.30) system of the light of CIE can be described to cause (-.03,-.03) gamut, or more generally, cause the gamut of (± 0.03, ± 0.03).Therefore, the gamut pilot light caused by system and how " nature " wearer of system being seemed by the object watched.As further described below, achieve to cause and be less than (± 0.05, ± 0.05) system to the gamut of (± 0.02, ± 0.02).

The cell death reduced because the photoelectric effect in eyes of the excitation of such as A2E causes can be of value in the minimizing of the short-and-medium wavelength transmission of ophthalmic system.Show, the incident light at 430 ± 30nm is reduced about 50% and cell death can be reduced about 80%.See, for example " external blue light absorption intraocular lens and retinal pigment epithelium protection (Bluelight-absorbing intraocular lens and retinal pigment epithelium protectionin vitro) " that the people such as Janet R, Sparrow in the 30th volume 873-78 page in the J.Cataract Refract.Surg of 2004 show, its entirety comprises its disclosure by reference.Believe further, the amount 5% reducing blue light (light such as in 430-460nm scope) is so many can reduce cell death and/or sex change similarly, therefore prevents or reduce the harmful effect of situation of senile macular degeneration of such as atrophy.

Although absorbing dye may be used for the light stopping less desirable wavelength, this dyestuff may produce painted as spinoff in lens.Such as, the ophthalmic lens that many blue lights stops has yellow, and this is less desirable and/or aesthetically beastly often.In order to compensate this color, one or two that can comprise the substrate of absorbing dye wherein applies color balance coating on the surface.

Antireflection (AR) coating (they are interference filters) is in the industry ripe in business ophthalmology coating.This coating normally which floor, be often less than 10 layers, and the reflection being generally used in the future self-polycarbonate surface is reduced to less than 1%.The example of this coating on polycarbonate surface shown in Figure 13.The color diagram of this coating shown in Figure 14, and observe, this color is very neutral.Observing total reflectivity is 0.21%.Observe reflected light and there is CIE coordinate (0.234,0.075); Transmitted light has CIE coordinate (0.334,0.336).

AR coating can be applied to two surfaces of lens or other Ophthalmoligic instruments, to obtain higher transmissivity.Structure so shown in Figure 15, wherein, thicker line 1510 is polycarbonate of AR coating, and thinner line 1520 is polycarbonate substrates of uncoated.This AR coating provides the raising of 10% in total transmitted light.Due to the absorption in polycarbonate substrate, there are some natural loss of light.Specific polycarbonate substrate for this example has the transmission losses of about 3%.At ophthalmology in the industry, AR coating is applied to two surfaces usually, to improve the transmissivity of lens.

In a system in accordance with the invention, AR coating or other color balance films can combine with the blue wavelength light allowing simultaneously stability usually in 430nm region with absorbing dye and improve transmissivity.As mentioned above, the light only in 430nm region is eliminated and is usually caused the lens with some remaining colour casts (residual color cast).In order to spectrally customize light to realize the transmission of Color Neutral, at least one can revising AR coating is to adjust the overall transmitted colors of light.In ophthalmic system according to the present invention, this adjustment can be performed, to set up lens arrangement below for the front surface of lens:

Air (with the eyes of user farthest)/lordosis lens coating/absorptive ophthalmic substrates of lenses/recurve anti-reflection coating/air (closest to eyes of user).

In such structure, except the usual anti-reflective function performed in conventional lenses, Front-coating mirror can provide spectrum to customize the colour cast caused with the absorption compensated in the substrate further.Therefore, lens can provide suitable color balance for transmittance and reflectance light.When transmitted light, color balance allows correct colour vision; When reflected light, color balance can provide suitable lens attractive in appearance.

In some cases, color balance film can be arranged in other ophthalmic materials two-layer between.Such as, optical filtering, AR film or other films can be arranged in ophthalmic materials.Such as, configuration below can be used:

Air (with the eyes of user farthest)/ophthalmic materials/film/ophthalmic materials/air (closest to eyes of user).

Color balance film also can be applied to the outer surface of lens and/or the coating of interior surface, such as hard conating.Also can be other structures.Such as, with reference to figure 3, ophthalmic system can comprise the ophthalmic materials 301 and one or more color balance layer 302,303 that are doped with blue light absorption dyestuff.In another kind structure, internal layer 301 can be by the ophthalmic materials 302,303 being doped with blue light absorption dyestuff around color balance layer.Other layer and/or the coating of such as AR coating can be arranged on one or more surfaces of this system.Can understand how can use similar material and structure in such as with reference to the system described in figure 4-8B.

Therefore, the blooming of such as AR coating and/or coating may be used for the entirety spectrum response that fine tuning has the lens of absorbing dye.Transmissivity change on visible spectrum is known, and changes as the thickness of the layer in optical coating and the function of quantity.In the present invention, one or more layer can be used provide the required adjustment of spectrum attribute.

In example system, by the TiO of individual layer ₂(common AR coating material) produces color change.Figure 16 illustrates the individual layer TiO that 106nm is thick ₂spectrum transmissivity.The color diagram of this same layer shown in Figure 17.(0.331,0.345) for the CIE color coordinates (x, y) 1710 shown in transmitted light.Reflected light has CIE coordinate (0.353,0.251) 1720, causes opera pink.

Change TiO ₂the thickness of layer changes the color of transmitted light, as shown in the transmission spectrum for 134nm layer that illustrates in figs. 18 and 19 respectively and color diagram.In this system, transmitted light presents CIE coordinate (0.362,0.368) 1910, and reflected light has CIE coordinate (0.209,0.229) 1920.The transmission properties of various AR coating and prediction thereof or estimation are as known in the art.Such as, various computer program can be used calculate and predict the transmission effects of the AR coating formed by the AR material of known thickness.The FilmStar Optical Thin Film Software that the program of exemplary, non-limitative comprises the Essential Macleod Thin Films Software that can obtain from Thin FilmCenter company, the TFCaIc that can obtain from SoftwareSpectra company and can obtain from FTG Software Associates.Additive method can be used to predict the performance of AR coating or other similar coatings or film.

In a system in accordance with the invention, blue light absorption dyestuff and coating or other films can be combined the blue light barrier system to provide color balance.This coating can be AR coating on the front surface, and this AR coating is modified the color correcting transmission and/or reflected light.The transmissivity of exemplary AR coating and color diagram shown in Figure 20 and 21 respectively.Figure 22 and 23 illustrates the transmissivity and the color diagram that do not have the polycarbonate substrate of AR coating for having blue light absorption dyestuff respectively.The substrate of dyeing absorbs the strongest in 430nm region, and some being included in 420-440nm region absorb.Dyeing substrate can as shown in Figure 20-21 with suitable AR coatings combine, to improve the overall transmissivity of system.Respectively shown in Figure 24 and 25 for the transmissivity of the dyeing substrate of AR coating after having and color diagram.

AR coating also can be applied to the front portion (that is, the eyes of the wearer of system of distance surface farthest) of ophthalmic system, causes the transmissivity respectively shown in Figure 26 and 27 and color diagram.Although this system presents high-transmission rate and the light of institute's transmission is comparatively neutral, the CIE that reflected light has (0.249,0.090).Therefore, in order to color balance blue light stops the effect of dyestuff more up hill and dale, front AR coating can be revised and realize necessary color balance, to produce muted color structure.The transmissivity of this structure and color diagram shown in Figure 28 and 29 respectively.In such configuration, transmittance and reflectance light can be optimized to realize muted color.Can preferably, internal reflected light is approximately 6%.If reflection levels is annoying for the wearer of system, then can reduce reflectivity further by following manner: in substrates of lenses, add absorbing dyes different in addition, this absorbing dye will absorb the different wave length of visible ray.But the design of this structure achieves significant performance, and the blue light meeting color balance described herein stops the needs of ophthalmic system.Total transmissivity is more than 90%, and the color of transmittance and reflectance closely muted color white point.As shown in Figure 27, the CIE that reflected light has (0.334,0.334), and transmitted light has the CIE of (0.341,0.345), and this instruction is little or do not have gamut.

In some constructions, the anti-reflection coating of front amendment can be designed to stop 100% of the blue light wavelength that will suppress.But, this may cause for wearer about 9% to 10% backreflection.This reflection levels can be annoying for wearer.Therefore, by being combined in substrates of lenses by absorbing dye, this reflection of anti-reflection coating of amendment before using, can realize the effect expected simultaneously by level that reflectance reduction gladly accepts to wearer.The reflected light observed by the wearer of the system comprising one or more AR coating can be reduced to 8% or less, or more preferably reduces to 3% or less.

The combination of front AR coating and rear AR coating can be called as dielectric stack, and various material and thickness can be used to change the transmittance and reflectance characteristic of ophthalmic system further.Such as, front AR coating and/or rear AR coating can be made up of different-thickness and/or material, to realize specific color balance effect.In some cases, can not be traditionally for setting up the material of anti-reflection coating for setting up the material of dielectric stack.That is, color balance coating can correct the gamut caused by the blue-absorbing dye in substrate, and does not perform anti-reflective function.

As mentioned above, optical filtering is the another kind of technology stopped for blue light.Therefore, any one of described blue light stop member can be or comprise blue light stop optical filtering, or stops that optical filtering combines with blue light.Such optical filtering can comprise pectination optical filtering (rugate filter), interference filters (interference filter), the logical optical filtering of band, band resistance optical filtering, notch filtering light mirror (notch filter) or dichroic filter (dichroic filter).

In an embodiment of the present invention, the one or more of above-mentioned blue light barrier technique can be used in combination with other blue light barrier technique.Only for example, lens or lenticular unit can utilize dyestuff/painted and pectination notch filtering light mirror to carry out block blue light effectively.

Any one of disclosed structure and technology above can adopting in ophthalmic system according to the present invention, to perform the stop to 400-460nm or neighbouring blue light wavelength.Such as, in an embodiment, the wavelength of the blue light of stop can in preset range.In an embodiment, this scope can be 430nm ± 30nm.In other embodiments, this scope can be 430nm ± 20nm.In other embodiments, this scope can be 430nm ± 10nm.In an embodiment, the transmissivity of the blue light wavelength in above-mentioned scope can be restricted to substantially 90% of incident wavelength by ophthalmic system.In other embodiments, the transmissivity of the blue light wavelength in above-mentioned scope can be restricted to substantially 80% of incident wavelength by ophthalmic system.In other embodiments, the transmissivity of the blue light wavelength in above-mentioned scope can be restricted to substantially 70% of incident wavelength by ophthalmic system.In other embodiments, the transmissivity of the blue light wavelength in above-mentioned scope can be restricted to substantially 60% of incident wavelength by ophthalmic system.In other embodiments, the transmissivity of the blue light wavelength in above-mentioned scope can be restricted to substantially 50% of incident wavelength by ophthalmic system.In other embodiments, the transmissivity of the blue light wavelength in above-mentioned scope can be restricted to substantially 40% of incident wavelength by ophthalmic system.In other embodiments, the transmissivity of the blue light wavelength in above-mentioned scope can be restricted to substantially 30% of incident wavelength by ophthalmic system.In other embodiments, the transmissivity of the blue light wavelength in above-mentioned scope can be restricted to substantially 20% of incident wavelength by ophthalmic system.In other embodiments, the transmissivity of the blue light wavelength in above-mentioned scope can be restricted to substantially 10% of incident wavelength by ophthalmic system.In other embodiments, the transmissivity of the blue light wavelength in above-mentioned scope can be restricted to substantially 5% of incident wavelength by ophthalmic system.In other embodiments, the transmissivity of the blue light wavelength in above-mentioned scope can be restricted to substantially 1% of incident wavelength by ophthalmic system.In other embodiments, the transmissivity of the blue light wavelength in above-mentioned scope can be restricted to substantially 0% of incident wavelength by ophthalmic system.In other words, ophthalmic system can be at least 10% for the decay of the electromagnetic spectrum of the wavelength in above-mentioned scope or be at least 20% or be at least 30% or be at least 40% or be at least 50% or be at least 60% or be at least 70% or be at least 80% or be at least 90% or be at least 95% or be at least 99% or be 100% substantially

In some cases, the relative small portion that filter blue light is composed may be expected especially, such as 400nm-460nm region.Such as, have been found that the too many blue spectrum of stop can disturb scotopia and circadian rhythm.Traditional blue light stops that ophthalmic lens stops the much bigger amount of the blue spectrum of wide region usually, and this can cause harmful effect to " circadian clock body clock " of wearer and have other harmful effects.Therefore, the narrower scope stopping blue spectrum as described herein may be expected.The example system can filtering the relatively a small amount of light relatively among a small circle comprises and stops or absorb 5-50%, 5-20% and the 5-10% with the light of 400nm-460nm, 410nm-450nm and 420nm-440nm wavelength.

While optionally block blue light wavelength described above, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90% or at least 95% of other parts of visible light transmissive electromagnetic spectrum can be carried out by ophthalmic system.In other words, ophthalmic system can be 20% or less, 15% or less, 10% or less for the decay of the electromagnetic spectrum at wavelength (wavelength such as except those in the scope around the 430nm) place outside blue spectrum, and is 5% or less in other embodiments.

In addition, embodiments of the invention can shielding of ultraviolet radiation UVA and UVB bands of a spectrum and have the infrared radiation of the wavelength being greater than 700nm further.

Any one of disclosed ophthalmic system can cover in eye wear product (eyewear) above, comprises the eye wear product of external wear, such as glasses, sunglasses, safety goggles or contact lenses.In such eye wear product, because the blue light stop member of system is after color balance parts, thus when wearing eye wear product blue light stop member always than color balance parts closer to eyes.Ophthalmic system also can be used in the goods as the implantable intraocular lens that performs the operation.

As used herein, if parts suppress at least some transmission in wavelength coverage and the slight influence that is transmitted with for the visible wavelength outside this scope does not affect, then parts " optionally suppress " or " optionally filtering " this wavelength coverage.Such as, if selectivity optical filtering filters the wavelength of 400-460nm, then it is only decayed these wavelength, and other visible wavelengths unattenuated.Even if the wavelength outside the unattenuated described range of choice of selectivity optical filtering, this optical filtering also can combine from one or more other filters of another kind of selectivity optical filtering of such as UV optical filtering, infrared ray optical filtering or the range of choice that is directed to different (although may overlapping) in systems in which.US 2008/0291392 provides an embodiment of two optical filtering system, and the entirety of US 2008/0291392 is incorporated to herein by reference.Decay in described chosen wavelength range can be within the scope of this substantially consistent (as in pectination optical filtering), or can change (as in the dyestuff with absorption peak) on Reduction Level within the scope of this.Similarly, " range of choice (selected range) " indicates the wavelength coverage decayed by selectivity optical filtering." blue light wavelength range of choice (selected range of blue lightwavelength) " refers to the scope of the blue light wavelength in 400-500nm, and it does not comprise the gamut of 400-500nm.Therefore, the decay of selectivity optical filtering is less than the whole spectrum of visible ray, and is preferably less than the whole spectrum (400-500nm) of blue light wavelength.

Some embodiments use film to carry out block blue light.Film in ophthalmology or other system optionally can suppress at least 5%, at least 10%, at least 20%, at least 30%, at least 40% and/or at least 50% of the blue light within the scope of 400nm-460nm.Film and/or the system comprising this film can be color balance to make observer and/or user awareness be colourless.The system comprising film according to the present invention can have 85% or better scotopia luminous transmittance (scotopicluminous transmission) of visible ray, and makes the people through film or system viewing have normal colour vision substantially further.

Figure 30 illustrates one exemplary embodiment of the present invention.Film 3002 can be arranged between the two-layer or region of one or more base material 3001,3003.As described in further at this, film can comprise the dyestuff of the light optionally suppressing specific wavelength.This base material can be suitable for any material that lens, ophthalmic system, window maybe can arrange the other system of film.

Optical transmittance characteristic according to exemplary film of the present invention shown in Figure 31, wherein, blocks about 50% of the blue light in 430nm ± 10nm scope, causes minimum loss simultaneously to other wavelength in visible spectrum.Transmissivity shown in Figure 31 is exemplary, and can understand, for many application, may expect the blue light optionally suppressing to be less than 50%, and/or the specific wavelength suppressed can change.It is believed that in numerous applications, can by stopping that the blue light being less than 50% reduces or prevents cell death.Such as, preferably, may optionally suppress about 40% of the light in 400-460nm scope, more preferably about 30%, more preferably about 20%, more preferably about 10%, and more preferably about 5%.Optionally suppress light in a small amount can allow the infringement prevented because high energy light causes, simultaneously so little that to be enough to make this suppression not to scotopia and/or the circadian rhythm generation harmful effect of system user.

Figure 32 illustrates that, according to the film 3201 covered in ophthalmic lens 3200 of the present invention, wherein, film 3201 is sandwiched between the layer of ophthalmic materials 3202,3203.Only for example, the thickness of the front layer of ophthalmic materials is in the scope of 200 microns to 1,000 micron.

Similarly, Figure 33 illustrates according to example system 3300 of the present invention, such as automotive windshield.Film 3301 can cover in system 3300, between the layer that wherein it is sandwiched in basic material 3302,3303.Such as, are situations of automotive windshield in system 3300, basic material 3302,3303 can be normally used windshield.Can understanding, in the various other systems comprising vision, display, ophthalmology and other system, different basic materials can be used when not departing from scope of the present invention.

In one embodiment, can have in the environment very specifically composed at the visible ray of associated transmissions and operate according to system of the present invention.In such a situation, the filter effect of customised films may be expected, to optimize the light of this object transmission, reflection or transmitting.This may be such as institute's transmission, the color of the light of reflection or transmitting is the situation of the problem of major concern.Such as, when membrane according to the invention is used in camera flash-light or flashlamp filter mirror, or when using together with them, may expect that the color of the image of institute's perception or printed matter is as far as possible close to true colors.Again such as, can be used according to film of the present invention in the instrument of back conditions of the glasses observing patient.In such a system, this film does not disturb amphiblestroid color that is real and that observe may be important.Again such as, the artificial light source of particular form may benefit from the optical filtering using the wavelength of film of the present invention to customize.

In one embodiment, what film of the present invention can be used in photochromic, electric look maybe can change in painted ophthalmic lens, window or automotive windshield.Such system can allow to prevent in painted unactivated environment from UV optical wavelength, directly sunlight intensity and blue light wavelength.In this embodiment, the blue light wavelength of film protection attribute can work, and with painted whether activate irrelevant.

In one embodiment, film can allow optionally to suppress blue light while color balance, and by have visible ray 85% or larger scotopia luminous transmittance.Such film may be useful compared with the use of poor light transmission for such as driving glasses or Sports spectacles, and can provide the visual performance of raising owing to improve contrast sensitivity.

For some application, may expect to suppress blue light as described in this according to Systematic selection of the present invention, and have on visible spectrum and be less than about 85%, normally the luminous transmittance of about 80-85%.This can be following situation: such as, and the basic material used in systems in which suppresses the more light crossed on whole visible wavelength due to its higher refractive index.As a specific example, high index of refraction (such as, 1.7) lens can be reflected in the more light on wavelength, cause the luminous transmittance being less than 85%.

In order to avoid, reduce or eliminate Problems existing in traditional blue light barrier system, may expect to reduce but not eliminate the transmission of phototoxic blue light.The pupil of eyes is in response to the photopic vision retinal illuminance of measuring with troland, and it is the amphiblestroid product with the incident flux of the susceptibility that wavelength is correlated with and the projected area of pupil.Optical filtering before being positioned at retina, though whether as in intraocular lens attaching to eyes in eyes, as in replacing at contact lenses or cornea or in light path at eyes as in eye-use lens, can reduce for the total luminous flux of retina, and stimulate pupil dilation, thus compensate the minimizing in illumination at the scene.When being exposed to lightness stabilized (luminance) at the scene, the value fluctuation that pupil diameter increases around reducing with brightness usually.

The funtcional relationship between pupil area and field illumination described by the equation for pupil diameter of Moon and Spencer below J.Opt.Soc.Am. the 33rd volume 260 pages of nineteen forty-four uses:

d＝4.9-3tanh(Log(L)+1) (0.1)

Wherein, d measures with millimeter, and L is with cd/m ²the illumination of metering.Figure 34 A illustrates as field illumination (cd/m ²) the pupil diameter (mm) of function.Figure 34 B illustrates the pupil area (mm of the function as field illumination ²).

Illumination is defined as visual sensitivity for wavelength at weighted integral spectrally by international CIE standards:

Wherein, dark (night) is looked, K _m' equal 1700.06lm/W, bright (daytime) is looked, K _m=683.2lm/W and spectral luminous efficiency function V _λand V _λ' define standard photopic vision and scotopic observers.Luminous efficiency function V is illustrated among the Fig. 9 of " psychophysics (Psychophysics of Vision) of vision " of the Michael Kalloniatis that such as can obtain from the last http://webvision.med.utah.edu/Phychl.html accessed on August 8th, 2007 and Charles Luu _λand V _λ', this article is herein incorporated by reference.

The intervention of the absorbability ophthalmic devices of intraocular lens, contact lenses or glasses form reduces illumination according to formula below:

Wherein, T _λit is the transmissivity that the wavelength of optical element is relevant.Show in tablei for the blue-light blocking lens of prior art each for principal value of integral in equation 1.3, this value is normalized to the brightness value do not filtered calculated from equation 1.2.

Table I

Reference table I, scotopia sensitivity is decreased 83.6% of its value of optical filtering by the ophthalmology optical filtering according to Pratt, night vision will be made to be deteriorated and to stimulate pupil dilation according to this decay of equation 1.1.Scotopia flux is decreased 22.5% by the device described by Mainster, and this is serious not as Pratt device, but still very large.

On the contrary, use absorbability or reflectivity ophthalmic devices partly to decay purple and blue light according to film of the present invention, scotopia illumination is reduced simultaneously and be no more than 15% of the value that it does not filter.Surprisingly, find to suppress according to Systematic selection of the present invention the blue region expected, simultaneously have slight influence or not impact for photopic vision and scotopia.

In one embodiment, perylene (C20H12, CAS#198-55-0) absorbs the concentration of the light of about 2/3rds and thickness covers in Ophthalmoligic instrument to be enough to absorbing maximum 437nm place at it.The transmission spectrum of this device shown in Figure 35.It is only about 3.2% that the illumination caused by this optical filtering changes for scotopic viewing conditions (scotopic viewing condition), and be about 0.4% under photopic vision viewing condition (photopic viewing condition), as shown in Table I.According to Baeyer (Beer) law, the concentration of the perylene in aggrandizement apparatus or thickness reduce the transmissivity at each wavelength place.Figure 36 illustrates that Perylene concentrations is the transmission spectrum of the device of 2.27 times of Fig. 6.Although this device optionally stops the phototoxic blue light more than the device in Fig. 6, scotopia illumination reduces and is less than 6% by it, and photopic vision illumination (scotopicilluminance) is reduced and be less than 0.7%.Note, from the spectrum of Figure 35 and 36, eliminate reflection, only to illustrate the assimilation effect of dyestuff.

Dyestuff except perylene can have strong absorptivity at blue light or roughly in blue wavelength range, and in other regions of visible spectrum, has very little absorptivity or do not have absorptivity.The example of the such dyestuff in figures 4-6 can comprises the molecule based on porphyrin, cumarin and acridine, and this molecule can make to reduce but the transmission do not eliminated for being provided in 400nm – 460nm place either individually or in combination.Therefore method and system described herein can use the similar dyestuff based on other molecular structures, has imitation (mimic) perylene, porphyrin, four the concentration of the transmission spectrum of base porphyrin magnesium (MgTMP), cumarin and acridine or derivatives thereof.

In one embodiment, selectivity optical filtering imitates the transmission spectrum in these one or more exemplary dyes provided.Therefore the dyestuff provided at this is used as with reference to optical filtering to design the similar optical filtering using equivalent material.Optical filtering can by filtering roughly the same wavelength to imitate the transmission spectrum with reference to optical filtering.Such as, imitate optical filtering (mimic filter) can filter with reference to the roughly the same wavelength coverage of optical filtering, in one or both ends ± 1 of this scope, 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,15,20,25 or 30 wavelength.In another embodiment, optical filtering can by filtering selected wavelength the transmission spectrum that approximately identical suppression level imitates reference optical filtering.Such as, can in about 1,3,5,7,10,15,20,25 or 30% each other with reference to the maximum suppression (or minimum transmission) of optical filtering and the maximum suppression (or minimum transmission) of imitation optical filtering.In another embodiment, imitate optical filtering imitate the wavelength coverage of reference optical filtering and suppress level.

The distinct methods can be familiar with by the people put into practice in optics manufacture field has come dyestuff to be according to an embodiment of the invention inserted in light path.This dyestuff can directly be included in substrate, be added on polymer coating, absorb in lens, cover comprise dye-impregnated layer laminar structure in or as the compound substance of particulate with dye-impregnated.

According to another embodiment of the invention, partly reflection can be applied in purple and blue chromatographic regions and at the dielectric coating of longer wavelength place antireflection.The method for designing suitable dielectric optical optical filtering is summarized in the textbook " Thin Film Optical Filters " (Angus McLeod work) that the mcgraw-hill, inc in such as New York publishes for 1989.Shown in Figure 37 according to of the present invention for SiO ₂and ZrO ₂six layers of stacking exemplary transmission spectrum.Reference table I again, can see, this optical light filter blocks phototoxic blue light and purple light, scotopia illumination is reduced simultaneously and is less than 5%, and photopic vision illumination is reduced and be less than 3%.

Although many traditional blue light barrier technique attempt to suppress blue light as much as possible, current research display, in numerous applications, may expect to suppress relatively a small amount of blue light.Such as, in order to prevent the less desirable impact for scotopia, may expect only to suppress blue light (namely according to ophthalmic system of the present invention, 380-500nm) wavelength light about 30%, or more preferably only blue light about 20%, more preferably about 10%, and more preferably about 5%.It is believed that by 5% of suppression blue light so much, can reduce cell death, the blue light minimizing of this degree simultaneously has slight influence for the scotopia and/or circadian rhythm behavior that use those people of this system or does not affect.

As used herein, the film of blue light that optionally suppresses according to the present invention is described to the light quantity suppressing to measure relative to the ultimate system comprising this film.Such as, ophthalmic system can use polycarbonate for lens or other similar substrates.The material being generally used for such substrate can suppress the light of the difference amount at visible wavelength place.If blue light barrier film according to the present invention is added to this system, then it optionally can suppress 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and/or 50% relative to all blue light wavelengths measured in the light quantity of identical wavelength place transmission when not having film.

Method and apparatus disclosed herein can minimize and preferably eliminate blue light and stop skew in the color-aware that causes.By the sources of color of the visual system perceives of people from the nerve process of the light signal dropped on the retinal pigment with different spectral response characteristic.In order to mathematically describe color-aware, integrate to construct color space by the product of color matching functions that three wavelength are correlated with and spectral irradiance (spectral irradiance).Result is three numbers of the color for characterizing perception.Pass through the uniform (L* that International Commission on Illumination (Commission Internationale deL'eclairage) (CIE) sets up, a*, b*) color space may be used for the color characterizing perception, although be familiar with based on the similar technician be calculated as in color science field of the color standard substituted, and also can be used.(L*, a*, b*) color space defines apparent brightness (brightness) on L* axle and the color in the plane defined by a* and b* axle.The homogeneous color space such as defined by this CIE standard may be preferred for calculating and comparing application, because the amplitude scaled versions of the color distinction of the flute card distance in this space and the perception between two objects.Usually the use of homogeneous color space is approved in the art, described in " Color Science:Concepts and Methods.Quantitative Data and Formulae " (Wyszecki and the Stiles work) such as published in the Wiley company nineteen eighty-two in New York.

The palette of the spectrum describing visual environment can be used according to a kind of optical design of method and system described herein.Its indefiniteness example is Meng Saier colour atla (Munsell matte) palette, and it is made up of 1,269 the just significantly different each other colored tiles set up by psychophysics experiments.The spectral irradiance of these tiles is measured under standard illumination conditions.With the reference that the array of the color coordinates of each correspondence of these tiles irradiated by the D65 daylight luminophor in (L*, a*, b*) color space is for cross-color, and illustrate in Figure 38.Then by blue light, the spectral irradiance of color tile is stopped that optical filtering is modulated, and calculates one group of new color coordinates.Each tile has the aware colors that offset by the amount corresponding with the geometric displacement of (L*, a*, b*) coordinate.The blue light that this calculating has been applied to Pratt stops optical filtering, and wherein, average color distortion is 41 just noticeable difference (JND) units in (L*, a*, b*) space.The minimum distortion caused by Pratt optical filtering is 19 JND, and maximum is 66, and standard deviation is 7 JND.The histogram of the gamut for whole 1,269 color tile is shown at Figure 39 A (top).

With reference now to Figure 39 B, stop that the gamut that optical filtering causes has minimum value 6 JND, mean value 19 JND, maximal value 34 JND and standard deviation 6 JND by Mainster blue light.

The embodiments of the invention of perylene dyes or reflecting filters that above-described use has two concentration can have the gamut more much smaller than conventional apparatus, no matter be measured as average, minimum or maximum distortion, as shown in Table II.Figure 40 illustrates the histogram of the gamut for perylene dyes substrate according to the present invention, and the transmission spectrum of this substrate illustrates in Figure 35.It should be noted that the deviation ratio observed on all colored tiles is much lower and much narrow for those of the conventional apparatus described by Mainster and Pratt etc.Such as, simulation result shows, and for film according to the present invention, (L*, a*, b*) offset by and be low to moderate 12 and 20 JND, and the mean deviation on all tiles is low to moderate 7-12 JND.

Table II

In one embodiment, the combination of reflection and absorber element can filtering noxious blue photons, keeps relatively high luminous transmittance (luminous transmission) simultaneously.This can allow system according to the present invention avoided or reduce pupil dilation, protects night vision or prevents night vision undermined, and reducing cross-color.The perylene dyes of the dielectric stack shown in Figure 37 and Figure 35 combines by an example of this means, produces the transmission spectrum shown in Figure 41.Observe the average gamut that this device has the photopic vision transmission of 97.5%, the scotopic luminous transmission of 93.2% and 11 JND.Histogram Meng Saier tile being gathered in the sunlight to the cross-color of this device shown in Figure 42.

In another embodiment, ophthalmology optical filtering is outside at eyes, such as eyeglass lens (spectacle lens), safety goggles (goggle) or eyeshade (visor) etc.When using traditional optical filtering, when being watched by external observer, the color of the face of wearer may by lens coloring, that is, when being watched by another person, facial color or skin color are offset by blue-light blocking lens usually.The yellowish discoloration of adjoint blue light absorption is not often aesthetically desired.For the process that minimizes this gamut with above to regard to described by Meng Saier tile identical, replace those of the colored tile of Meng Saier with the reflectivity of the skin of wearer.The color of skin is the function of pigment, blood flow and lighting condition.From the representativeness series that the skin reflex of not agnate object is composed shown in Figure 43 A-B.Exemplary skin reflectance for Caucasia object spectrum shown in Figure 44.(L*, a*, b*) color coordinates of this skin in daylight (D65) illumination is (67.1,18.9,13.7).Pratt blue light stops that these color coordinatess are changed into (38.9,17.2,44.0) by the insertion of optical filtering, i.e. the skew of 69 JND units.Mainster blue light stops that color coordinates be offset by 17 JND units and arrives (62.9,13.1,29.3) by optical filtering.In contrast, perylene optical filtering as described herein causes the gamut of only 6 JND or 1/3rd of Mainster optical filtering.Illustrate in table iii and use various blue light to stop gathering of the aesthetic feeling gamut of the exemplary Caucasia skin of optical filtering under daylight illumination.Data are in tablei normalized to remove any effect caused by basic material.

Table III

In one embodiment, but luminophor can be filtered to reduce the flux not eliminating amphiblestroid blue light.Can use principle described herein between visual field and light source, use absorption or reflecting element to realize this point.Such as, framework window can be covered the film comprising perylene, make the transmission spectrum of window and mating shown in Figure 35.Compare with the window of uncoated, such optical filtering does not cause pupil dilation usually, and when external sunlight is by time it, it does not cause appreciable gamut yet.Blue light optical filtering according to the present invention can be used on artificial luminophor, such as fluorescent light, incandescent lamp, arc lamp, flashlamp and diode lights and display etc.

Various material can be used manufacture according to film of the present invention.Two kinds of such exemplary materials are polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (Poly Vinyl Alcohol) (PVA) and polyvinyl butyrals (PolyVinyl Butyral) (PVB).When PVA film, hydrolyzed poly vinyl acetate (polyvinyl acetate) partially or completely can be passed through and prepare to remove aceticoceptor (acetate groups).Because useful film formation, emulsification and adhesion properties, PVA film may be expect.In addition, PVA film has high-tensile, elasticity, high-temperature stability, and provides good oxygen obstruction.

PVB film can be prepared by the reaction of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in hutanal.PVB may be suitable for the application of requirement high strength, optical clarity, elasticity and toughness.PVB also has good film and is formed and adhesion properties.

PVA, PVB and other suitable films can be extruded, from solution-cast, spin coating and then solidifying, or dip-coating and then solidifying.Also other manufacture methods as known in the art can be used in.There is the mode that the dyestuff of expectation spectrum needed for attribute of film is set up in multiple integration.Exemplary dyes integration method comprises vapor deposition, then the chemical crosslinking in film, the dissolving in little polymer microballoon integrated in film.Suitable dyestuff can be bought from the company comprising Keystone, BPI & Phantom.

The dyeing of most of eyeglass lens completes after manufacturer's transport at lens.Therefore, blue light absorption dyestuff is merged during the manufacture of lens itself may be desirably in.Do like this, can will to filter and color balancing dye be incorporated in hard conating and/or the primer coating (primercoating) that is associated, this primer coating be associated contributes to the bonding of hard conating and lens material.Such as, the ending that primer coating and the hard conating be associated manufacture process through being everlasting is added to the top of eyeglass lens or other ophthalmic systems, to provide other permanance and scratch resistance for final products.The outermost layer of hard conating normally system, and can be placed on both the front surface of system, rear surface or front and rear surface.

Figure 47 illustrates to have the example system that hard conating 4703 and the bonding that is associated thereof promote primer coating 4702.Exemplary hard conating and bonding promotion primer coating can be obtained from the manufacturer of such as Tokuyama, UltraOptics, SDC, PPG and LTI.

In a system in accordance with the invention, blue light stops that dyestuff and color balancing dye can be included in primer coating 1802.Blue light stops and color balancing dye also can be included in hard conating 1803.This dyestuff need not be included in same coating.Such as, blue light stops that dyestuff can be included in hard conating 1803, and color balancing dye can be included in primer coating 1802.Color balancing dye can be included in hard conating 1803, and blue light stops that dyestuff can be included in primer coating 1802.

Can be used in method as known in the art to deposit according to priming paint of the present invention and hard conating, the method comprises spin coating, dip-coating, spraying, evaporation, sputtering and chemical vapor deposition.The blue light that will comprise in each layer stops and/or color balancing dye can deposit with this layer simultaneously, and such as dyestuff is dissolved in liquid coating material, and resultant potpourri is applied to system.Also this dyestuff can be deposited in independently process or son process, such as splash dyestuff from the teeth outwards before solidification or dry or application of coatings.

Hard conating and/or primer coating can n-back test, and realize the benefit that describes about film at this.Specifically, this coating optionally can suppress blue light, keeps the photopic vision of expectation, scotopia, circadian rhythm and phototoxicity levels simultaneously.Also can comprise in the ophthalmic system of film as described herein with arbitrary and different being combined in and use hard conating as described herein and/or primer coating.As a specific example, ophthalmic system can comprise the film optionally suppressing blue light and the hard conating providing color correction.

Selectivity optical filtering of the present invention also can provide the contrast sensitivity of raising.Such system is used for optionally filtering noxious invisible light and visible ray, has minimum impact, the contrast sensitivity keeping acceptable simultaneously or even improve for photopic vision, scotopia, colour vision and/or circadian rhythm simultaneously.Can build the present invention, make in a particular embodiment, the final residual color of the device that selectivity optical filtering is applied to is essentially colourless, and in other embodiments of residual color not needing substantial transparent, residual color can be yellowish.Preferably, the yellow of selectivity optical filtering is not disgusting for the individual wearer of subjectivity.The yellow colour index of such as ASTM E313-05 can be used to measure yellow quantitatively.Preferably, selectivity optical filtering has the yellow colour index being not more than 50,40,35,30,25,23,20,15,10,9,7 or 5.

The present invention can comprise selective light wavelength optical filtering embodiment, such as: window, automotive windshield, bulb, flashbulb, fluorescent light, LED illumination, televisor, computer monitor etc.Impact amphiblestroid any light optionally to be filtered by the present invention.Only for example, can implement the present invention by film, this film comprises: selectivity filter dye or pigment; The dyestuff increased after manufacturing substrate or pigment composition; With the manufacture of substrate material or form the dye component integrated; Synthesis and non-synthetic pigment, such as melanin (melanin), xenthophylls (lutein) or zeaxanthin (zeaxanthin); The selectivity filter dye provided as visual painted (there is one or more color) as in contact lenses or pigment; The selectivity filter dye provided in ophthalmology scratch resistance coating (hard conating) or pigment; The selectivity filter dye provided in ophthalmology anti-reflection coating or pigment; The selective light wavelength filter dye provided in hydrophobic coating or pigment; Interference filters; Selective light wavelength optical filtering; The selective light wavelength filter dye provided in photochromic lens or pigment; Or, the selective light wavelength filter dye provided in the matrix of bulb or fluorescent tube or pigment.It should be pointed out that the present invention considers the wavelength of wavelength for optionally filtering a particular range or multiple particular range, and the not selective light wavelength optical filtering of wavelength-filtered equably on visible spectrum.

How those skilled in the art provides selective light wavelength optical filtering to substrate material if easily knowing.Only for example, this selectivity optical filtering can: the starting material being drawn, inject, flood, add to substrate; Add resin to before the polymerization; Layering in optical lens is carried out by the film comprising selectivity optical filtering dyestuff or pigment.

The present invention can utilize dyestuff and/or the pigment of debita spissitudo, and only for example, this dyestuff and/or pigment are such as perylene, porphyrin or their derivant.Observe the variable concentrations of perylene with reference to Figure 48 and be blocked in the ability of function of wavelength of the light around 430nm.Transmission level can be controlled by dye strength.Other dyestuff chemistry character allows adjustment absorption peak position.

The perylene with suitable concentration level provides balance while the outward appearance that maintenance is substantially colourless on photopic vision, scotopia, circadian rhythm and phototoxicity ratio.

Table IV

For the perylene of debita spissitudo, observe contrast sensitivity and increase.See example 2, Table VI.It should be pointed out that based on the dyestuff of perylene or pigment race only exemplarily for implementing the present invention.When using such dyestuff, according to embodiment or application, dyestuff can be formed and make it on molecule or be chemically attached to substrate or be attached to the coating putting on substrate, making dyestuff not filtering.Only for example, its application will be for contact lenses, IOL, corneal inlay, cornea covering etc.

Selectivity optical filtering can be combined to hinder other target wavelengths when other visible wavelengths of scientific discovery are harmful to.Such as, selectivity optical filtering can be combined to hinder a more than target wavelength range when identifying other harm.In one embodiment, system comprises: 1) selectivity optical filtering, and it reduces the harm be associated with A2E chromophore; And, 2) one or more other optical filtering, it reduces the another kind of harm be identified, and such as, visible wavelength endangers.

In one embodiment of the invention, contact lenses are made up of perylene dyes, and this perylene dyes is configured to and makes its not filtering from contact lens material.This dyestuff is formulated as further to be made it provide to have the painted of yellow colour cast.It is painted that this yellow colour cast allows contact lenses to have the process be called as wearer.Perylene dyes or pigment provide selectivity to filter further, as shown in figure 48.The contrast sensitivity that this optical filtering provides retina protection and strengthens, and the photopic vision of the people that do not compromise in any effective manner, scotopia, colour vision or circadian rhythm.

When the embodiments of the invention of contact lenses, only for example, dyestuff or pigment can be applied in contact lenses by drawing, it is made to be positioned at the center 10mm diameter of contact lenses or less circle, preferably in the 6 – 8mm diameters at the center of the contact lenses overlapped with the pupil of wearer.In this embodiment, the dyestuff providing selective light wavelength to filter or pigment concentration are raised to provides the contrast sensitivity of increase (compared with non-wear contact eyes) and the level of the photopic vision of the wearer that do not compromise in any effective manner, scotopia, colour vision or circadian rhythm (one or more or whole) to wearer.

Preferably, (Functional AcuityContrast Test) (FACT is tested by the CSF user ^tMsinusoidal wave grating test) on mark at least about 0.1,0.25,0.3,0.5,0.7, I, 1.25, the increase of 1.4 or 1.5 demonstrates the increase in contrast sensitivity.Relative to the photopic vision of wearer, scotopia, colour vision and/or circadian rhythm, the characteristic levels of ophthalmic system preferably by one of these characteristics or when all remaining on not this ophthalmic system 15%, 10%, 5% or 1% in.

In another embodiments of the invention utilizing contact lenses, provide the dyestuff or pigment that cause micro-yellow coloring, it is positioned at the center 5 – 7mm of contact lenses diametrically, and wherein paintedly to center in periphery adds the second color dyes.In this embodiment, the dye strength providing selective light wavelength to filter is raised to provides good contrast sensitivity and the level of the photopic vision of the wearer that do not compromise in any effective manner again, scotopia, colour vision or circadian rhythm (one or more or whole) to wearer.

In another embodiments of the invention utilizing contact lenses, provide dyestuff or pigment, make it be positioned at contact lenses from roughly to another side complete diametrically.In this embodiment, the dye strength providing selective light wavelength to filter is raised to provides good contrast sensitivity and the level of the photopic vision of the wearer that do not compromise in any effective manner again, scotopia, colour vision or circadian rhythm (one or more or whole) to wearer.

When within human or animal tissues or on use various embodiments of the invention time, prepare dyestuff in the following manner: the substrate material being chemically bound to embedding, therefore ensure its not filtering in cornea tissue around.The method of chemical hook (chemicalhook) of this combination is allowed to be known in chemistry and polymkeric substance industry for providing.

In another embodiments of the invention, intraocular lens comprises selective light wavelength optical filtering, it has yellow coloring, and the contrast sensitivity of improvement is provided to wearer further, and the photopic vision of the wearer that do not compromise in any effective manner, scotopia, colour vision or circadian rhythm (one or more or whole).When on intraocular lens or within use selectivity optical filtering time, the level of dyestuff or pigment can be increased to exceed eyeglass, because the aesthetic feeling of intraocular lens is sightless for the people of viewing wearer.This allows the ability of the concentration increasing dyestuff or pigment, and provide the contrast sensitivity of the improvement of even higher level, and the photopic vision of the wearer that do not compromise in any effective manner, scotopia, colour vision or circadian rhythm (one or more or whole).

In another embodiment of the present invention, a kind of eyeglass lens comprises selective light wavelength optical filtering, and this optical filtering comprises the dyestuff with perylene, and wherein, the preparation of this dyestuff provides the eyeglass lens with essentially no colored appearance.And it provides the contrast sensitivity of improvement to wearer, and the photopic vision of the wearer that do not compromise in any effective manner, scotopia, colour vision or circadian rhythm (one or more or whole).In this specific embodiment of the present invention, within the surface being positioned at eyeglass lens or on film apply dyestuff or pigment.

In one embodiment, system comprises blue light stop member and photochromic parts.More specifically, ophthalmic system can comprise: blue light stop member, and it optionally filters the blue light wavelength range of choice of the wavelength being included in about 430nm place; And photochromic parts, these photochromic parts filter the visible ray of the wavelength comprised outside described blue light wavelength range of choice when activated.

Component representation symbol " photochromic (photochromic) " and " blue light stops (blue-blocking) " need not be mutually exclusive.Such as, photochromic dyes is passable, but need not, stop at least some blue light wavelength.Equally, blue light stop member can be photochromic or non-photochromic.In one embodiment, blue light stop member right and wrong are photochromic, to provide continuous print blue light barrier functionality, that is, stop at the blue light all or substantially all under lighting condition.Even if in the embodiment that blue light stop member may be photochromic, also still preferably, blue light is blocked in all or substantially all works continuously under lighting condition.Therefore, blue light stop is worked independently with photochromic parts.

Photochromic blue light barrier system can be such as ophthalmic lens (comprising prescription or OTC (over-the-counter) lens), eyeglass, contact lenses, intraocular lens, corneal inlay, cornea covering, corneal graft, electro-active lens, windscreen or window.

Blue light stop member can be any one that blue light described herein stops embodiment.Therefore, in one embodiment, blue light stop member is at least one of perylene, porphyrin, cumarin, acridine and derivant thereof.In one embodiment, this blue light stop member comprises perylene or derivatives thereof.In another embodiment, this blue light stop member comprises porphyrin or derivatives thereof, and such as four base porphyrin magnesium (MgTMP).Blue light stop member also can comprise the potpourri of dyestuff.

In one embodiment, blue light stop member optionally filters at least 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, 99% or about 100% of the light in described blue light wavelength range of choice.Described blue light wavelength range of choice can be included in the wavelength at about 430nm place, such as 430nm ± 10,20 or 30nm.In another embodiment, described blue light wavelength range of choice comprises from about 420nm to about 440nm, from about 410nm to about 450nm or from about 400nm to the wavelength of about 460nm.

Those the photochromic lens such as manufactured by Transitions Optical are as known in the art.Stimulated by the activation with the light of specific wavelength and activate photochromic parts.The photochromic parts activated decrease the transmission by system.In other words, the photochromic parts of activation make system dimmed.When stimulating (such as, activating wavelength) when removal activates, photochromic parts can turn back to disabled state, and feature is the transmissivity improved.

In one embodiment, the average transmittance on the visible spectrum in the system activated is than the average transmittance little at least 20% on the visible spectrum in inactive system.In other embodiments, activate the average transmittance reduction at least about 10%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60% or 70% on visible spectrum.

In one embodiment, photochromic parts quickly respond in the change at external lighting conditions, normally activate the change of stimulus.Therefore, in one embodiment, after inactive photochromic parts being carried out activation stimulation, photochromic parts will be state of activation being less than internal conversion in 10,7,5,4,3,2 or 1 minutes.Similarly, in another embodiment, after removal activates stimulation, the photochromic parts of activation will be disabled state being less than internal conversion in 10,7,5,4,3,2 or 1 minutes.

Exemplary photochromic dyes includes, but are not limited to: triarylmethane (triarylmethanes), talan (stilbenes), azepine stilbene (azastilbenes), nitrone (nitrones), fulgide (fulgides), spiro-pyrans (spiropyrans), aphthopyrans (naphthopyrans), spiral-oxazines (spiro-oxazines) and quinone (quinones).

The selection of photochromic parts partly can depend on the activation stimulation of expectation.In one embodiment, photochromic parts are activated by least one of UVB, UVA, blue light, visible ray and Infrared wavelength.In another embodiment, photochromic parts are activated by UVB, UVA or Infrared wavelength.By selecting UVB or UVA wavelength to stimulate as activation, photochromic parts are activated in outdoor and suppressed in indoor valuably.Although activating stimulation can be blue light or other visible wavelengths, these embodiments may be dimmed in indoor environment, and this is less desirable for some application.Alternatively, if blue light stop member is also photochromic, then can expect to have the activation that the activation of these parts can be kept also therefore to keep the retina of indoor and outdoors to protect stimulates.

In yet another embodiment, photochromic parts are had the photoactivation of the wavelength of about 380nm to about 410nm.As at US 7,166, described in 357, this activates to stimulate and allows photochromic parts to be activated after the UV optical filtering of such as automotive windshield.This advantageously provides and the user in automobile can keep the ophthalmic lens of optical Response when wearing.

System may further include UV optical filtering, such as UVA and/or UVB optical filtering.In one embodiment, UV optical filtering does not stop the activation of any photochromic parts.Such as can realize this point by following manner: after UV optical filtering is positioned at photochromic parts (below), first UV light is incident on photochromic parts, but then be filtered by UV optical filtering before arrival wearer.In another example, UV optical filtering does not filter the wavelength of exciting light look parts, or at least they is not filled into the degree stoping and activate.

By comprising photochromic parts and blue light stop member, system is always to provide the retina protection of blue light wavelength ideally, also adjusts the transmissivity of visible ray according to external lighting conditions simultaneously.

In one embodiment, described in the system activated, the average transmittance of blue light wavelength range of choice is less than the average transmittance of blue light wavelength range of choice described in inactive system.Be not bound by theory, it is believed that when activation system, the average transmittance of described blue light wavelength range of choice reduces, because blue light stop member and photochromic parts filter described blue light wavelength range of choice, produces additive effect.This embodiment is characterised in that the retina protection of enhancing, particularly in state of activation.Bright conditions may make pupil expand, and adds the chance of retinal damage.For such embodiment, bright conditions also may activation system be protected to provide the blue light of increase, therefore protects wearer from the exposure increased.

Such as temperature variation, the ability of other environmental baselines possibility weakened light color lens filter blue light wavelength of particularly lower temperature.Therefore, the photochromic system also comprising blue light stop member can compensate weakening in retina protection under certain environmental conditions.

In another embodiment, described in the system activated, the average transmittance of blue light wavelength range of choice is substantially the same with the average transmittance of blue light wavelength range of choice described in the same system in disabled state.In one embodiment, the average transmittance of blue light wavelength range of choice described in the system activated be the average transmittance of blue light wavelength range of choice described in inactive system 50%, 40%, 30%, 25%, 20%, 15%, 10%, 5%, 3% or 1% in.In yet another embodiment, the average transmittance of blue light wavelength range of choice described in the system activated be average transmittance on the visible spectrum in the system activated 50%, 40%, 30%, 25%, 20%, 15%, 10%, 5%, 3% or 1% in, the system activated is provided on visible spectrum and substantially filters uniformly.Be not bound by theory, think that the color balance (such as, the CIE of white light transmittant and/or yellow colour index) of photochromic lens may be subject to filtering the obvious interference of extra blue light.By the average transmittance of described blue light wavelength range of choice is remained substantially constant, think and substantially can keep color balance.This embodiment is characterised in that the color balance of enhancing, still provides retina to protect simultaneously, and has nothing to do with external lighting conditions.

In one embodiment, in order to provide the photochromic blue light barrier system with remarkable color balance, photochromic parts and blue light stop member is selected to realize non additivity effect in essence in described blue light wavelength range of choice.This can such as by selecting photochromic parts to make the wavelength of main filtration outside described blue light wavelength range of choice when activated realize.By this way, the photochromic parts of activation affect the average transmittance of described blue light wavelength range of choice indistinctively.The exemplary photochromic dyes being suitable for this object comprises those that stop when activated and exceed about 400nm, 410nm, 420nm, 430nm, 440nm, 450nm or 460nm.In another embodiment, photochromic dyes optionally stops the wavelength larger than about 430nm, 440nm, 450nm or 460nm.

Photochromic blue light barrier system also may be used for realizing beneficial characteristics as above, comprises contrast sensitivity, color balance, colour vision, photopic vision, scotopia and circadian rhythm.Therefore, in one embodiment, photochromic blue light barrier system is at contrast sensitivity test (FACT ^tMsinusoidal wave grating test) in contrast sensitivity improved at least about 0.1,0.25,0.3,0.5,0.7,1,1.25,1.4, or1.5 point.In another embodiment, photochromic blue light barrier system has the yellow colour index being no more than 50,40,35,30,25,23,20,15,10,9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2 or 1.In yet another embodiment, photochromic blue light barrier system by inactive system, activation system or inactive and activation system transmission time have (0.33 ± 0.05,0.33 ± 0.05) or the CIE of (0.33 ± 0.02,0.33 ± 0.02).

Blue light stop member and photochromic parts can be prepared according to any method be known in the art, the method comprise such as by dyestuff coating or be impregnated in polymer matrix film.Each of blue light stop member and photochromic parts can have an independent existence in system or system local, such as, in annular or periphery.Each parts can as independently layer existence.Blue light stop member can with photochromic layer physical contact or isolation (such as, being separated by the ophthalmic components in the middle of barrier layer or other).Blue light stop member can after photochromic parts or vice versa.In another embodiment, blue light stop member and the mixing of photochromic parts, and cover in single substrate or coating.

Blue light stop member can exist with following concentration: the approximately concentration of 1ppm to about 50ppm, approximately 1ppm to about 20ppm, approximately 1ppm to about 10ppm, approximately 1ppm to about 5ppm, approximately 2ppm to about 10ppm or approximately 1ppm, 2ppm, 3ppm, 4ppm, 5ppm, 6ppm, 7ppm, 8ppm, 9ppm, 10ppm, 12ppm, 15ppm, 17ppm, 20ppm, 25ppm, 30ppm, 35ppm or 50ppm.These concentration are effective especially for perylene and derivant thereof, but suitable concentration can be applicable to different blue lights by one of ordinary skilled in the art stops dyestuff.

Open its overall and clear and definite being incorporated to by reference of all lists of references as above and announcement, reaches and is incorporated to each identical degree as by quoting separately.

One of ordinary skilled in the art can understand, is apparent, and is intended to fall in the scope and spirit of claims according to the various amendment of the disclosure and change.Specific embodiment is further described by indefiniteness example below.

Example

Example 1: manufacture the polycarbonate lens with the film integrated, the vicissitudinous blue light of film tool stops dye strength, and measures the transmission spectrum of each lens, as shown in Figure 45.Use 35,15,7.6 of lens thickness place and the Perylene concentrations of 3.8ppm (by weight) of 2.2mm.The various tolerance calculated for each lens are shown in table iv, wherein, with reference to the Reference numeral corresponded in Figure 45.Because according to Baeyer (Beer) law, the selective absorbing rate of light depends primarily on the product of dye strength and coating thickness, thus think hard conating and/or primer coating can be used to combine with film or alternative membrane to realize suitable result.

Table V

Except the lens of 35ppm dyeing, all lens described in Table IV and Figure 45 comprise the UV dyestuff usually used in ophthalmic lens system, to be limited under 380nm by UV wavelength.Photopic vision ratio describes normal vision, and the integration being calculated as optical filtering transmission spectrum and V λ (photopic vision sensitivity) is divided by the integration of unfiltered light and this same sensitivity curve.Scotopia ratio describes the vision under dark lighting condition, and the integration being calculated as optical filtering transmission spectrum and V ' λ (scotopia sensitivity) is divided by the integration of unfiltered light and this same sensitivity curve.Circadian rhythm ratio describes the impact of light for circadian rhythm, and the integration being calculated as optical filtering transmission spectrum and M ' λ (melatonin suppression sensitivity) is divided by the integration of unfiltered light and this same sensitivity curve.Phototoxicity ratio describes by the infringement for glasses being exposed to high-energy light and causing, and the integration being calculated as optical filtering transmission spectrum and B λ (Phakic UV blue light toxicity) is divided by the integration of unfiltered light and this same sensitivity curve.Response function for calculating these values correspond to those disclosed: Mainster and Sparrow hereinafter Br.J.Ophthalmol the 87th volume 1523-29 page of 2003 " IOL should transmission how many blue lights? (How Much Blue Light Should an IOL Transmit?) "; Mainster " intraocular lens should stop UV radiation and purple light instead of blue light (Intraocular Lenses Should Block UV Radiationand Violet but not Blue Light) " of the 123rd volume the 550th page in the Arch.Ophthal of 2005; And Mainster is in " purple light and blue light stop intraocular lens: photoprotection and photoreception (Violet and Blue Light Blocking Intraocular Lenses:Photoprotection vs.Photoreception) " of Br.J.Ophthalmol the 90th volume 784-9 page of 2006.For some application, different light poison curves is suitable, but computing method are identical.Such as, for intraocular lens (IOL) application, aphacia light poison curve should be used.And, when improving the understanding of phototoxicity ray machine, new light poison curve can be suitable for.

Shown in example data as described above, optionally blue light can be suppressed according to system of the present invention, light specifically in 400nm – 460nm region, simultaneously still provide the photopic vision luminous transmittance of at least about 85% (photopic luminous transmission) and be less than about 80% the malicious ratio of light, this light poison ratio be more preferably less than about 70%, be more preferably less than about 60%, and be more preferably less than about 50%.As mentioned above, also technology described herein can be used realize the photopic vision luminous transmittance up to 95% or larger.

Principle described herein can be applied to different luminophors, optical filtering and skin color, target is certain part of filter light poison blue light, reduce simultaneously pupil dilation, scotopia sensitivity, by the cross-color of Ophthalmoligic instrument and the aesthetic feeling color of wearing the outside Ophthalmoligic instrument of the observer of the people of this device from the angle of viewing at their face.

Specifically illustrate at this and/or describe several embodiments of the present invention.But can understand, when not departing from the scope of spirit of the present invention and intention, within the scope of the appended claims, amendment of the present invention and change are contained in instruction above.Such as, although used the example of particular dye, dielectric optical optical filtering, skin color and luminophor to describe method and system described herein, can understand, alternative dyestuff, optical filtering, skin color and luminophor can have been used.And term " a " or " an " represent one or more as used herein, be odd number unless specified.

Example 2: use the dye strength of 1X and 2X for the transparent filter mirror relative to thing in contrast to come the sensitivity of 9 patient's test comparison.According to contrast sensitivity test (FACT ^tMsinusoidal wave grating test), the overall contrast sensitivity improved of 7 displays in 9 patients.See Table VI:

Claims (21)

1. an ophthalmic system, comprising:

At least one blue light stop member and at least one photochromic parts, described photochromic parts have state of activation and disabled state,

Wherein, described ophthalmic system comprises ophthalmic lens;

Wherein, when described photochromic parts are in disabled state, described blue light stop member continuously and optionally filters 5% to 50% of the light of 420nm to 440nm wavelength coverage, and

Described ophthalmic system has at least 80% visible ray average transmittance;

Wherein, described photochromic parts are activated by least one in blue light, visible ray and infrared wavelength;

Wherein, described photochromic parts filter the visible ray of the wavelength comprised outside described blue light wavelength range of choice when being activated; And

Wherein said blue light stop member and described photochromic parts are configured to, and when described photochromic parts are in state of activation, described range of choice realize non additivity effect.

2. system according to claim 1, wherein, described blue light stop member is one of the following: pectination optical filtering, interference filters, band lead to optical filtering, band resistance optical filtering, notch filtering light mirror or dichroic filter or dielectric stack.

3. system according to claim 1, wherein, described blue light stop member is the organic or inorganic compound presenting absorption and/or reflection and/or interference with blue light wavelengths.

4. system according to claim 1, wherein, described blue light stop member is antireflection (AR) coating.

5. system according to claim 1, wherein, described blue light stop member is one or more porphyrin dye or derivatives of porphyrin.

6. system according to claim 1, wherein, described blue light stop member is integrated in PVA or PVB film.

7. system according to claim 1, wherein, in disabled state, described system has the yellow colour index being not more than 10.

8. system according to claim 1, wherein, in disabled state, described system has the yellow colour index being not more than 7.

9. system according to claim 1, wherein, in disabled state, described system has the yellow colour index being not more than 5.

10. system according to claim 1, wherein, the average transmittance in the system of described activation on visible spectrum is than the average transmittance little at least 20% in sluggish system on visible spectrum.

11. systems according to claim 1, comprise UV optical filtering further.

12. systems according to claim 1, wherein, described system is ophthalmic lens, eyeglass lens, contact lenses, intraocular lens, corneal inlay, cornea covering or electro-active lens.

13. systems according to claim 1, wherein, at least one of described photochromic parts and the stop of described blue light is present in described system.

14. systems according to claim 1, wherein, described blue light stop member does not contact with described photochromic component physical.

15. systems according to claim 1, wherein, described blue light stop member and described photochromic parts mixing.

16. systems according to claim 1, wherein, in disabled state, described system has the yellow colour index being not more than 15.

17. systems according to claim 1, wherein, described blue light stop member optionally filters at least 10% of the light in described blue light wavelength range of choice.

18. systems according to claim 1, wherein said photochromic parts are activated by blue light.

19. systems according to claim 1, wherein said photochromic parts are activated by visible ray.

20. systems according to claim 1, wherein said photochromic parts are activated by infrared light.

21. systems according to claim 1, the average transmittance of the described range of choice wherein in described state of activation is less than the average transmittance of the described range of choice in described disabled state.