CN103968800A - System and method for wireless monitoring of deformation of shield tunnel - Google Patents
System and method for wireless monitoring of deformation of shield tunnel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and method for wireless monitoring of the deformation of a shield tunnel. According to the system and method for wireless monitoring of the deformation of the shield tunnel, monitoring of the deformation of the shield tunnel and early warning are achieved based on measurement of pipe piece inclination. The system for wireless monitoring of the deformation of the shield tunnel comprises a Zigbee wireless sensor network, a GPRS data transmission terminal and a data processing application center, wherein the Zigbee wireless sensor network comprises multiple inclination sensing nodes which are in data communication with one another in a wireless mode, a plurality of routing nodes and a center node, monitoring data, about the variation of inclinations of adjacent blocks, collected by the Zigbee wireless sensor network are sent to the data processing application center through the GPRS data transmission terminal, the monitoring data are processed, stored and analyzed through the data processing application center, monitoring and early warning are achieved according to an analysis result and a preset threshold value, and information is fed back to management staff. According to the system and method for wireless monitoring of the deformation of the shield tunnel, a reasonable early warning threshold value is determined scientifically, the installation positions of the inclination sensing nodes are optimized, the system and device have the advantages that construction is convenient, cost is low, energy consumption is low, the monitoring precision is high and operation is stable and reliable, and the system and device are particularly suitable for wide-range long-term real-time monitoring and early warning of deformation of long shield tunnels.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the monitoring of shield tunnel distortion, be specifically related to a kind of shield tunnel distortion wireless monitor system and method based on section of jurisdiction measurement of dip angle, belong to building structure condition monitoring technical field.
Background technology
Within the shield tunnel operation phase, because the continuous aging tunnel structure performance that causes of material is constantly degenerated, around tunnel, the activity of all kinds of ground and underground space development engineering is constantly carried out simultaneously, and these all can directly cause the distortion of shield tunnel.Tunnel deformation can cause the diseases such as percolating water, structure rhegma, and percolating water can aggravate the distortion in tunnel conversely, forms vicious cycle.If leave development of deformation, not only can affect the normal operation in tunnel, and serious threat be arrived to the structural safety of shield tunnel, jeopardize the people's lives and property safety.Therefore, the deformation monitoring of shield tunnel has very large necessity.
For runing the monitoring method of shield tunnel distortion, mainly contain convergence gauge method, opposite side diameter measurement method, automatic total powerstation method, Ba Saite collective system, 3 D laser scanning method etc. at present.In said method, convergence gauge method and opposite side diameter measurement method are subject to the restriction of relative distance between each monitoring point on tunnel perimeter, and can only try to achieve the relative displacement between 2, thereby cannot record assymmetrical deformation and the length travel in tunnel; Although automatically total powerstation and Ba Saite collective system can comprehensive monitoring tunnel deformation situations, its monitoring accuracy and monitoring efficiency are lower; 3 D laser scanning method is a kind of new non-contact formula measuring technique, and it utilizes fast laser ranging instrument Emission Lasers scanning survey, and monitoring accuracy and monitoring efficiency are higher, but cost is higher, is difficult at present large-scale promotion application.In addition, another deficiency of traditional deformation monitoring method is, due to the Long-term evolution regularity of operation shield tunnel distortion is lacked to deep research, lack can be for the similar engineering experience of using for reference simultaneously, therefore the setting of monitoring index threshold value of warning is with very large subjectivity, thereby makes safe early warning be difficult to the truth of reflection tunnel structure safety.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the shield tunnel distortion wireless monitor system of a kind of low energy consumption, high reliability is provided, measurement based on lining segment inclination angle, utilize wireless sensor technology building network, the distortion situation of shield tunnel is carried out large-scale Real-Time Monitoring and made corresponding early warning, to ensure the structural safety in tunnel in operation.The present invention also provides a kind of high-precision shield tunnel distortion wireless monitoring method based on section of jurisdiction measurement of dip angle.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical matters is:
A kind of shield tunnel distortion wireless monitor system, the Lining Ring of this shield tunnel comprises two adjacent block of the upper semi-ring that is symmetrically arranged in this Lining Ring, it is characterized in that: to shield tunnel, distortion realizes monitoring and early warning in the measurement of described monitoring system based on inclination angle, section of jurisdiction, comprises Zigbee radio sensing network, GPRS data transmission terminal and data handling utility center;
Described Zigbee radio sensing network is installed on the scene of described shield tunnel, comprises mutually and carries out a plurality of inclination angles sensing node of data communication, some routing nodes and a Centroid with wireless mode; Described inclination angle sensing node is arranged on described adjacent block inwall and vertical angle at 45 °, in order to gather the Monitoring Data of adjacent block change of pitch angle amount; Described routing node is arranged on described adjacent block inwall and vertical angle at 45 °, in order to the Monitoring Data to from described inclination angle sensing node, forwards; Described Centroid connects described GPRS data transmission terminal, converges the Monitoring Data from described inclination angle sensing node and routing node, and the Monitoring Data of putting in order is uploaded to described data handling utility center by this GPRS data transmission terminal;
Described data handling utility center includes Cloud Server, complete the processing of the Monitoring Data from described Zigbee radio sensing network, management, storage, analysis and demonstration, according to data results, realize monitoring and the early warning to described shield tunnel distortion, and feed back tunnel information to managerial personnel; Described data handling utility center is according to the adjacent block change of pitch angle amount monitoring and make corresponding early warning according to following threshold value of warning:
When d α < 0.00363rad, the distortion of shield tunnel liner ring is in allowed band, without warning;
When 0.00363rad≤d α < 0.00560rad, the distortion of the horizontal diameter of shield tunnel liner ring surpasses permissible value, sends level Four early warning;
When 0.00560rad≤d α < 0.00703rad, the hoop bolt of shield tunnel liner ring longitudinal seam joint is surrendered, and sends three grades of early warning;
When 0.00703rad≤d α≤0.00979rad, the amount of opening value of overstepping the extreme limit of shield tunnel liner ring longitudinal seam joint, joint waterproofing lost efficacy, and sent secondary early warning;
When d α > 0.00979rad, the concrete compression of shield tunnel liner ring longitudinal seam joint destroys, and sends one-level early warning;
In formula, d α is adjacent block change of pitch angle amount.
As further improvement, described monitoring system also comprises home server, and this home server connects described Centroid, receives and preserve the Monitoring Data of being come by this Centroid transmission.
As further improvement, described inclination angle sensing node is the surface-mounted integrated circuit that comprises data acquisition unit, data processing transmission unit and battery unit, with can, carries out overall package; The core component of described data acquisition unit is MEMS obliquity sensor chip, in order to detect adjacent block change of pitch angle amount, the core component of described data processing transmission unit is Zigbee super low energy consumption microcontroller, in order to control the wireless receiving and dispatching of Monitoring Data, described battery unit provides power supply for described data acquisition unit and data processing transmission unit.
As further improvement, described inclination angle sensing node is along longitudinal separation 1～3m layout of shield tunnel, and described routing node is arranged along the longitudinal separation 100m of shield tunnel.
Another technical scheme of the present invention is:
A shield tunnel distortion wireless monitoring method that adopts said system to implement, it comprises following concrete steps:
1) described shield tunnel distortion wireless monitor system is installed: the longitudinal layout by a plurality of inclination angles sensing node and some routing nodes along shield tunnel, all inclination angles sensing node and routing node are all fixed on the inwall of adjacent block of Lining Ring and position and vertical angle at 45 °, Centroid is arranged in the Mechatronic Systems panel box of subway station, GPRS data transmission terminal and home server are arranged in to the on-the-spot of shield tunnel and are connected with Centroid respectively;
2) set up Zigbee radio sensing network: switch on power, Centroid starts protocol stack and creates network ID, transmitting allows incoming instruction, and inclination angle sensing node and routing node send and join request to Centroid, by Centroid, to its distribution network address, are bound;
3) carry out collection and the transmission of the Monitoring Data of adjacent block change of pitch angle amount: Centroid wakes inclination angle sensing node and routing node up, inclination angle sensing node carries out the collection of the Monitoring Data of adjacent block change of pitch angle amount, and be transferred to Centroid or routing node, Centroid will be put in order from the Monitoring Data of inclination angle sensing node and routing node, by GPRS data transmission terminal, to the Cloud Server at data handling utility center, upload, Monitoring Data is transferred to home server preserves simultaneously, Monitoring Data collection and be transmitted after, inclination angle sensing node and routing node enter park mode again,
4) carry out monitoring and the early warning of shield tunnel distortion: data handling utility center completes the processing of the Monitoring Data from Centroid, management, storage, analysis and demonstration, according to data results, realize monitoring and the early warning to shield tunnel distortion, and initiatively to managerial personnel, feed back tunnel information, this data handling utility center is according to the adjacent block change of pitch angle amount monitoring and make corresponding early warning according to following threshold value of warning:
When d α < 0.00363rad, the distortion of shield tunnel liner ring is in allowed band, without warning;
When 0.00363rad≤d α < 0.00560rad, the distortion of the horizontal diameter of shield tunnel liner ring surpasses permissible value, sends level Four early warning;
When 0.00560rad≤d α < 0.00703rad, the hoop bolt of shield tunnel liner ring longitudinal seam joint is surrendered, and sends three grades of early warning;
When 0.00703rad≤d α≤0.00979rad, the amount of opening value of overstepping the extreme limit of shield tunnel liner ring longitudinal seam joint, joint waterproofing lost efficacy, and sent secondary early warning;
When d α > 0.00979rad, the concrete compression of shield tunnel liner ring longitudinal seam joint destroys, and sends one-level early warning;
In formula, d α is adjacent block change of pitch angle amount.
As further improvement, described step 1) in, interval 1～3m between each inclination angle sensing node, interval 100m between each routing node.
As further improvement, described step 3) in, the frequency acquisition of Monitoring Data is for once a day.
As further improvement, described step 4) in, in data handling utility mind-set managerial personnel to feed back the form of tunnel information be mail, note or phone.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, system has adopted MEMS obliquity sensor chip to form inclination angle sensing node, and has set up Zigbee radio sensing network; Inclination angle sensing node, without wiring, facilitates assembling and disassembling; Zigbee radio sensing network can carry out MANET, has strengthened the reliability of system, and whole network energy consumption is low, adopts market universal battery can guarantee the power supply of its several years; Therefore the present invention has the features such as easy construction, cost is low, system is reliable, be specially adapted to the long distance of shield tunnel, on a large scale, long-term Real-Time Monitoring cheaply.
2, system adopts Cloud Server platform to carry out data processing, figure shows and monitoring and warning, has the advantages such as virtual, expansion is flexible, hardware structure is powerful, has guaranteed the stable operation of whole system.
3, monitoring method of the present invention is utilized the intrinsic relation existing between shield tunnel distortion and the specific section of jurisdiction change of pitch angle amount of Lining Ring, according to the limit value of the relevant performance index of tunnel structure of building code requirement, determine the reasonable threshold value of warning of this specific section of jurisdiction change of pitch angle amount, and the measurement based on this section of jurisdiction change of pitch angle amount, according to this threshold value of warning, carry out Real-Time Monitoring and the early warning of shield tunnel distortion, thereby than traditional monitoring method science, accurately and effectively more.
4, the present invention is by studying Lining Ring from starting to be loaded into ultimate limit state, the change of pitch angle amount of each section of jurisdiction in whole process, determine on the adjacent block inwall can reflect best Lining Ring distortion the position with vertical angle at 45 °, as the best mounting points of inclination angle sensing node, thereby improved the monitoring accuracy of system.
5, described wireless monitor system can carry out safely close Real-Time Monitoring to the tunnel structure in operation, this monitoring system can also be carried out combination with " Internet of Things " system of urban infrastructure, ensure the safe operation of urban infrastructure, thereby to promoting municipal public safety level and information system management level, promote the significant and effect of the development of relevant new high-tech industry.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is site layout project figure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is typical six section of jurisdiction shield tunnel liner ring schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is each section of jurisdiction geometric relationship schematic diagram of shield tunnel liner ring.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that is related to of Lining Ring distortion and change of pitch angle amount.
Fig. 6 is the diverse location of the different sections of jurisdiction change of pitch angle amount in tunnel deformation process.
Embodiment
The present invention proposes a kind of high-precision shield tunnel distortion wireless monitor system and method based on section of jurisdiction measurement of dip angle, shield tunnel distortion and horizontal diameter variable quantity thereof that utilization is derived, seam open-angle, the intrinsic relation existing between four structural behaviour indexs of track bolt and concrete stress and Lining Ring section of jurisdiction change of pitch angle amount, according to the limit value of the relevant performance index of tunnel structure of building code requirement, determine the reasonable threshold value of warning of section of jurisdiction change of pitch angle amount, then by Zigbee radio sensing network, the change of pitch angle of specific section of jurisdiction is measured in real time, to realize effective monitoring and the early warning to shield tunnel distortion, thereby reach the object of monitoring shield tunnel safety.
The Lining Ring of shield tunnel is to be generally spliced by reinforced concrete segment, typical six section of jurisdiction shield tunnel liner rings as shown in Figure 3, described Lining Ring by one of top bind piece 1, be positioned at two adjacent block 2 that upper semi-ring is arranged symmetrically with, be positioned at two calibrated bolcks 3 that lower semi-ring is arranged symmetrically with and a back cover piece 4 of bottom is connected assembled mutually, between each section of jurisdiction, with high-strength bolt, connect.Shield tunnel liner ring its deformation pattern in deformation process is constant all the time, i.e. the variation of relative space relation between each section of jurisdiction of Lining Ring meets certain rule, and therefore, the change of pitch angle of section of jurisdiction can reflect the distortion of shield tunnel.Refer to Fig. 5, suppose that Lining Ring deformation pattern is symmetrical " horizontal duck's egg " type, suppose that six sections of jurisdiction of Lining Ring are rigid body simultaneously; Under these two conditions, Lining Ring is the structural system that the degree of freedom of six tablets compositions is, and the change of pitch angle of any one section of jurisdiction all can reflect the distortion of whole Lining Ring.Four structure indexs of section of jurisdiction change of pitch angle amount and tunnel-liner ring, joint concrete stress, track bolt stress, Lining Ring horizontal diameter variable quantity, the joint seam amount of opening, have close relationship.
On this analysis foundation, the six section of jurisdiction shield tunnel liner rings of take are example, and the change of pitch angle amount d α of derivation section of jurisdiction adjacent block 2 and the relation of other structure indexs are as follows, refer to Fig. 4:
By geometric relationship, can be obtained:
Dsin73°＝a+2bcosα (1)
In formula, a is the air line distance binding between annular two end connectors of piece 1, b is the air line distance between annular two end connectors of adjacent block 2, c is the air line distance between annular two end connectors of calibrated bolck 3, d is the air line distance between annular two end connectors of back cover piece 4, α is line and horizontal angle between annular two end connectors of adjacent block 2, it is the inclination angle, section of jurisdiction of adjacent block 2, β is line and horizontal angle between annular two end connectors of calibrated bolck 3, it is the inclination angle, section of jurisdiction of calibrated bolck 3, 73 ° is the lower end connector of adjacent block 2 annulars and the line at Lining Ring center and the angle of perpendicular line, D is Lining Ring horizontal diameter.
To formula (1) differentiate, can obtain the relation of Lining Ring horizontal diameter variable quantity dD and adjacent block 2 change of pitch angle amount d α:
To formula (2) differentiate, can obtain the relation of calibrated bolck 3 change of pitch angle amount d β and adjacent block 2 change of pitch angle amount d α:
From geometric relationship, can obtain, the variable quantity d θ of joint seam open-angle θ is adjacent block 2 change of pitch angle amount d α and calibrated bolck 3 change of pitch angle amount d β sums, and then derives and to obtain this joint seam open-angle d θ and be:
By joint seam open-angle variable quantity d θ, can further try to achieve the joint seam amount of opening.
In addition, by Numerical results, can be obtained the track bolt stress σ of adjacent block 2 and calibrated bolck 3
bjoint concrete stress σ with adjacent block 2 and calibrated bolck 3
cthe relation of these two structural behaviour indexs and adjacent block 2 change of pitch angle amount d α:
In formula, σ
bfor the track bolt stress of adjacent block 2 and calibrated bolck 3, σ
cjoint concrete stress for adjacent block 2 and calibrated bolck 3.
China's Current Building ' standard has been stipulated corresponding limit value to the performance index of operated subway tunnel structure, and there is corresponding relation in adjacent block 2 change of pitch angle amount d α and above-mentioned performance index amount, therefore, can determine according to related structure performance index limit value the threshold value of warning of adjacent block 2 change of pitch angle amount d α.
For subway tunnel, it is that externally under load action, Lining Ring horizontal diameter variable quantity dD accumulation is less than 5 ‰ D (for single circular tunnel of external diameter 6.2m, deflection is less than 31mm) at pipe sheet assembling Cheng Huanhou that building code require; For preventing that joint from leaking, the joint seam amount of opening should be less than 6mm; Track bolt stress σ
bshould be less than bolt yield strength (for 8.8 grades of bolt grades, f
y=640MPa); Joint concrete stress σ
cshould be less than concrete standard value (for C55, f
ck=35.5MPa).
Composite type (3), formula (5), formula (6) and formula (7) can obtain the value of the adjacent block change of pitch angle amount d α corresponding with these structural behaviour index limits again, thereby determine that threshold value of warning and the advanced warning grade of adjacent block 2 change of pitch angle amount d α are as follows:
When d α < 0.00363rad, the distortion of shield tunnel liner ring is in allowed band, without warning;
When 0.00363rad≤d α < 0.00560rad, the distortion of the horizontal diameter of shield tunnel liner ring surpasses permissible value, sends level Four early warning;
When 0.00560rad≤d α < 0.00703rad, the hoop bolt of shield tunnel liner ring longitudinal seam joint is surrendered, and sends three grades of early warning;
When 0.00703rad≤d α≤0.00979rad, the amount of opening value of overstepping the extreme limit of shield tunnel liner ring longitudinal seam joint, joint waterproofing lost efficacy, and sent secondary early warning;
When d α > 0.00979rad, the concrete compression of shield tunnel liner ring longitudinal seam joint destroys, and sends one-level early warning;
In formula, d α is adjacent block change of pitch angle amount.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, diagram shield tunnel distortion wireless monitor system comprises Zigbee radio sensing network, GPRS data transmission terminal, home server and data handling utility center.
Described Zigbee radio sensing network is installed on the scene of described shield tunnel, by a plurality of inclination angles sensing node, some routing nodes and three kinds of nodes of a Centroid, is built and is formed, and they carry out data communication with wireless mode mutually.
Described inclination angle sensing node, i.e. null terminator Null node in network, the adjacent block change of pitch angle amount that responsible collection records also changes into the Monitoring Data of digital signal, then superior node (routing node or Centroid) transmission.
Described inclination angle sensing node is the surface-mounted integrated circuit that comprises data acquisition unit, data processing transmission unit, battery unit, with can, carries out overall package.The core component of described data acquisition unit is MEMS obliquity sensor chip, and in order to detect adjacent block change of pitch angle amount, the signal recording is transformed into digital signal by change-over circuit, by data processing transmission unit, uploads; The core component of described data processing transmission unit is Zigbee super low energy consumption microcontroller, in order to control the wireless receiving and dispatching of Monitoring Data; Described battery unit, for described data acquisition unit and data processing transmission unit provide power supply, can adopt Ni-H cell common on market or lithium battery.
The present invention has adopted integrated MEMS obliquity sensor chip, and built-in modulation-demodulation circuit can change into actual inclination angle by high-precision microprocessing unit and be worth.This chip is a complete twin shaft acceleration measurement system, ultimate principle is as follows: when the gravity block in being encapsulated in chip produces acceleration in any direction, inside has the transmission path of two acceleration signals to measure respectively the acceleration of responding in X-axis and Y-axis, by measuring the component size of acceleration of gravity on these two axles, thereby determine the angle of inclination of chip.This chip has that precision is high, volume is little, energy consumption is low, sturdy and durable, and be not subject to the impact of the periodic vibration that tunnel train causes.
In order to make, the Monitoring Data of test tube sheet change of pitch angle amount can reflect the distortion of shield tunnel more accurately, will determine the optimum layout position of inclination angle sensing node on Lining Ring.Adopt finite element software to carry out numerical analysis, research Lining Ring is from starting to be loaded into ultimate limit state, the change of pitch angle amount of each section of jurisdiction in whole process, as shown in Figure 6, from result, adjacent block 2 each unit change of pitch angle amounts are greater than calibrated bolck 3 each unit, the unit change of pitch angle amount of adjacent block 2 is between 0.0056～0.0063rad, and in adjacent block 2 with S place, the position unit change of pitch angle amount maximum (seeing Fig. 4) of vertical angle at 45 °, mounted angle sensing node is monitored section of jurisdiction change of pitch angle herein, can reflect best the distortion of Lining Ring, also adapt with the precision of MEMS obliquity sensor chip 0.0001rad.Therefore determine on adjacent block 2 inwalls the position with vertical angle at 45 °, as the best mounting points of inclination angle sensing node.
After the sensing node overall package of described inclination angle, by expansion bolt, be fixed on the section of jurisdiction inwall of shield tunnel adjacent block 2, and position S and vertical angle at 45 °, this inclination angle sensing node is longitudinally arranged one at interval of 1～3m along shield tunnel, carries out reading of preliminary leveling and initial value after deploying.
The hardware of described routing node forms identical with inclination angle sensing node, be arranged in equally on described adjacent block 2 inwalls and S place vertical angle at 45 °, as the intermediate router of whole network, in order to the Monitoring Data to from being distributed in inclination angle sensing node far away in tunnel, forward; According to the size of forwarding data amount, it can longitudinally arrange one at interval of 100m left and right along tunnel.
Described Centroid, is called again network coordination node, connects described GPRS data transmission terminal and home server, is responsible for converging the Monitoring Data from described inclination angle sensing node and routing node; Centroid completes after the protocol conversion of data, on the one hand the Monitoring Data of putting in order is saved in home server by serial ports, realizes the local backup of Monitoring Data; By serial ports, transfer to GPRS data transmission terminal on the other hand, then by GPRS wireless network, to described data handling utility center, upload.Centroid is also being born the task of networking and management downstream site simultaneously.Centroid, as the gateway of radio sensing network, only has one in network, is generally arranged in the Mechatronic Systems panel box of subway station, and Centroid adopts fixed power source power supply.
Monitoring system of the present invention is set up Zigbee radio sensing network, can realize on a large scale, on a large scale, Real-Time Monitoring cheaply.ZigBee self-forming and self-healing network structure allow data and control message to transmit by mulitpath, and this characteristic has been expanded the scope of network and improved the reliability of data.The reciprocity function of network can be used for building the network that large-scale region disperses, and mininet is joined together to form to a bunch tree network.
Described home server connects described Centroid, in order to receive and to preserve by the next Monitoring Data of this Centroid transmission.
Described Remote data processing application center includes Cloud Server, major function has been to the processing of the Monitoring Data from described Zigbee radio sensing network, management, storage, analysis and demonstration, according to data results, realize monitoring and the early warning to described shield tunnel distortion, and feed back tunnel information to managerial personnel.The realization of whole function is on Cloud Server hardware foundation, in conjunction with monitoring system software, disposes.
Described Cloud Server is realized the processing of field data, demonstration and early warning, also can initiatively to related management personnel, feed back tunnel information by forms such as mail, note, phones, and concrete function comprises:
Cloud memory function: lease business Cloud Server, buy calculating and the stores service of cloud data center, improved performance and the stability of server, guarantee system stable operation;
Data analysis function: processing and the analysis of Real-time Monitoring Data are provided, the inquiry of historical data, statistics and analysis, and realize the graphical demonstration of data, for long-distance user provides the cross section of the access based on browser;
Monitoring and warning function: the alarm rule of definition inclination angle monitoring, the information configuration of alerts user etc.
Described data handling utility center is made corresponding early warning according to the adjacent block change of pitch angle amount monitoring according to following threshold value of warning:
When d α < 0.00363rad, the distortion of shield tunnel liner ring is in allowed band, without warning;
When 0.00363rad≤d α < 0.00560rad, the distortion of the horizontal diameter of shield tunnel liner ring surpasses permissible value, sends level Four early warning;
When 0.00560rad≤d α < 0.00703rad, the hoop bolt of shield tunnel liner ring longitudinal seam joint is surrendered, and sends three grades of early warning;
When 0.00703rad≤d α≤0.00979rad, the amount of opening value of overstepping the extreme limit of shield tunnel liner ring longitudinal seam joint, joint waterproofing lost efficacy, and sent secondary early warning;
When d α > 0.00979rad, the concrete compression of shield tunnel liner ring longitudinal seam joint destroys, and sends one-level early warning;
In formula, d α is adjacent block change of pitch angle amount.
The present invention adopts the shield tunnel distortion wireless monitoring method that said system is implemented to comprise following concrete steps:
1) described shield tunnel distortion wireless monitor system is installed: in conjunction with consulting Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, longitudinal layout by a plurality of inclination angles sensing node and some routing nodes along shield tunnel, interval 1～3m between each inclination angle sensing node, interval 100m between each routing node, all inclination angles sensing node and routing node are all fixed on the inwall of adjacent block 2 of Lining Ring and position S and vertical angle at 45 °.Centroid is arranged in the Mechatronic Systems panel box of subway station, GPRS data transmission terminal and home server are arranged in to the on-the-spot of shield tunnel and are connected with Centroid respectively.
2) set up Zigbee radio sensing network: after each node of Zigbee radio sensing network has been arranged, switch on power, Centroid starts protocol stack and creates network ID, transmitting allows incoming instruction, inclination angle sensing node and routing node send and join request to Centroid, by Centroid, to its distribution network address, are bound.
3) carry out collection and the transmission of the Monitoring Data of adjacent block change of pitch angle amount: refer to Fig. 1, Centroid wakes inclination angle sensing node and routing node up in the empty window phase of subway tunnel operation, inclination angle sensing node carries out the collection of the Monitoring Data of adjacent block change of pitch angle amount, and being transferred to Centroid or routing node, the frequency acquisition of Monitoring Data is for once a day; Centroid will be put in order from the Monitoring Data of inclination angle sensing node and routing node, by GPRS data transmission terminal, to the Cloud Server at data handling utility center, upload, Monitoring Data is transferred to home server by RS485 line simultaneously and preserve, realize the local backup of Monitoring Data; Monitoring Data collection and be transmitted after, inclination angle sensing node and routing node enter park mode again.
4) carry out monitoring and the early warning of shield tunnel distortion: data handling utility center completes the processing of the Monitoring Data from Centroid, management, storage, analysis and demonstration, according to data results, realize monitoring and the early warning to shield tunnel distortion, and initiatively to managerial personnel, feed back tunnel information by forms such as mail, note, phones; This data handling utility center is made corresponding early warning according to the adjacent block change of pitch angle amount monitoring according to following threshold value of warning:
When d α < 0.00363rad, the distortion of shield tunnel liner ring is in allowed band, without warning;
When 0.00363rad≤d α < 0.00560rad, the distortion of the horizontal diameter of shield tunnel liner ring surpasses permissible value, sends level Four early warning;
When 0.00560rad≤d α < 0.00703rad, the hoop bolt of shield tunnel liner ring longitudinal seam joint is surrendered, and sends three grades of early warning;
When 0.00703rad≤d α≤0.00979rad, the amount of opening value of overstepping the extreme limit of shield tunnel liner ring longitudinal seam joint, joint waterproofing lost efficacy, and sent secondary early warning;
When d α > 0.00979rad, the concrete compression of shield tunnel liner ring longitudinal seam joint destroys, and sends one-level early warning;
In formula, d α is adjacent block change of pitch angle amount.
The present invention has scientifically determined rational threshold value of warning, optimized the installation site of inclination angle sensing node, there is easy construction, cost is low, energy consumption is low, monitoring accuracy is high and the advantage such as stable and reliable operation, be specially adapted to the shield tunnel distortion of long distance to carry out on a large scale long-term Real-Time Monitoring and early warning.
Protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the equivalence that all foundations content of the present invention is made changes and revises, and all belongs to the protection domain of patented claim of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a shield tunnel is out of shape wireless monitor system, the Lining Ring of this shield tunnel comprises two adjacent block of the upper semi-ring that is symmetrically arranged in this Lining Ring, it is characterized in that: to shield tunnel, distortion realizes monitoring and early warning in the measurement of described monitoring system based on inclination angle, section of jurisdiction, comprises Zigbee radio sensing network, GPRS data transmission terminal and data handling utility center;
Described Zigbee radio sensing network is installed on the scene of described shield tunnel, comprises mutually and carries out a plurality of inclination angles sensing node of data communication, some routing nodes and a Centroid with wireless mode; Described inclination angle sensing node is arranged on described adjacent block inwall and vertical angle at 45 °, in order to gather the Monitoring Data of adjacent block change of pitch angle amount; Described routing node is arranged on described adjacent block inwall and vertical angle at 45 °, in order to the Monitoring Data to from described inclination angle sensing node, forwards; Described Centroid connects described GPRS data transmission terminal, converges the Monitoring Data from described inclination angle sensing node and routing node, and the Monitoring Data of putting in order is uploaded to described data handling utility center by this GPRS data transmission terminal;
Described data handling utility center includes Cloud Server, complete the processing of the Monitoring Data from described Zigbee radio sensing network, management, storage, analysis and demonstration, according to data results, realize monitoring and the early warning to described shield tunnel distortion, and feed back tunnel information to managerial personnel; Described data handling utility center is according to the adjacent block change of pitch angle amount monitoring and make corresponding early warning according to following threshold value of warning:
When d α < 0.00363rad, the distortion of shield tunnel liner ring is in allowed band, without warning;
When 0.00363rad≤d α < 0.00560rad, the distortion of the horizontal diameter of shield tunnel liner ring surpasses permissible value, sends level Four early warning;
When 0.00560rad≤d α < 0.00703rad, the hoop bolt of shield tunnel liner ring longitudinal seam joint is surrendered, and sends three grades of early warning;
When 0.00703rad≤d α≤0.00979rad, the amount of opening value of overstepping the extreme limit of shield tunnel liner ring longitudinal seam joint, joint waterproofing lost efficacy, and sent secondary early warning;
When d α > 0.00979rad, the concrete compression of shield tunnel liner ring longitudinal seam joint destroys, and sends one-level early warning;
In formula, d α is adjacent block change of pitch angle amount.
2. shield tunnel distortion wireless monitor system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described monitoring system also comprises home server, and this home server connects described Centroid, receives and preserve the Monitoring Data of being come by this Centroid transmission.
3. shield tunnel distortion wireless monitor system according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described inclination angle sensing node is the surface-mounted integrated circuit that comprises data acquisition unit, data processing transmission unit and battery unit, with can, carries out overall package; The core component of described data acquisition unit is MEMS obliquity sensor chip, in order to detect adjacent block change of pitch angle amount, the core component of described data processing transmission unit is Zigbee super low energy consumption microcontroller, in order to control the wireless receiving and dispatching of Monitoring Data, described battery unit provides power supply for described data acquisition unit and data processing transmission unit.
4. shield tunnel distortion wireless monitor system according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described inclination angle sensing node is along longitudinal separation 1～3m layout of shield tunnel, and described routing node is arranged along the longitudinal separation 100m of shield tunnel.
5. a shield tunnel distortion wireless monitoring method that adopts System Implementation described in claim 3, is characterized in that: described method comprises following concrete steps:
1) described shield tunnel distortion wireless monitor system is installed: the longitudinal layout by a plurality of inclination angles sensing node and some routing nodes along shield tunnel, all inclination angles sensing node and routing node are all fixed on the inwall of adjacent block of Lining Ring and position and vertical angle at 45 °, Centroid is arranged in the Mechatronic Systems panel box of subway station, GPRS data transmission terminal and home server are arranged in to the on-the-spot of shield tunnel and are connected with Centroid respectively;
2) set up Zigbee radio sensing network: switch on power, Centroid starts protocol stack and creates network ID, transmitting allows incoming instruction, and inclination angle sensing node and routing node send and join request to Centroid, by Centroid, to its distribution network address, are bound;
3) carry out collection and the transmission of the Monitoring Data of adjacent block change of pitch angle amount: Centroid wakes inclination angle sensing node and routing node up, inclination angle sensing node carries out the collection of the Monitoring Data of adjacent block change of pitch angle amount, and be transferred to Centroid or routing node, Centroid will be put in order from the Monitoring Data of inclination angle sensing node and routing node, by GPRS data transmission terminal, to the Cloud Server at data handling utility center, upload, Monitoring Data is transferred to home server preserves simultaneously, Monitoring Data collection and be transmitted after, inclination angle sensing node and routing node enter park mode again,
4) carry out monitoring and the early warning of shield tunnel distortion: data handling utility center completes the processing of the Monitoring Data from Centroid, management, storage, analysis and demonstration, according to data results, realize monitoring and the early warning to shield tunnel distortion, and initiatively to managerial personnel, feed back tunnel information, this data handling utility center is according to the adjacent block change of pitch angle amount monitoring and make corresponding early warning according to following threshold value of warning:
When d α < 0.00363rad, the distortion of shield tunnel liner ring is in allowed band, without warning;
When 0.00363rad≤d α < 0.00560rad, the distortion of the horizontal diameter of shield tunnel liner ring surpasses permissible value, sends level Four early warning;
When 0.00560rad≤d α < 0.00703rad, the hoop bolt of shield tunnel liner ring longitudinal seam joint is surrendered, and sends three grades of early warning;
When 0.00703rad≤d α≤0.00979rad, the amount of opening value of overstepping the extreme limit of shield tunnel liner ring longitudinal seam joint, joint waterproofing lost efficacy, and sent secondary early warning;
When d α > 0.00979rad, the concrete compression of shield tunnel liner ring longitudinal seam joint destroys, and sends one-level early warning;
In formula, d α is adjacent block change of pitch angle amount.
6. shield tunnel according to claim 5 is out of shape wireless monitoring method, it is characterized in that: described step 1), and interval 1～3m between each inclination angle sensing node, interval 100m between each routing node.
7. shield tunnel distortion wireless monitoring method according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described step 3), the frequency acquisition of Monitoring Data is for once a day.
8. shield tunnel according to claim 5 distortion wireless monitoring method, is characterized in that: described step 4), in data handling utility mind-set managerial personnel to feed back the form of tunnel information be mail, note or phone.
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