CN103698900B - For optical imaging method and the system thereof of extensive high-definition remote sensing camera - Google Patents
For optical imaging method and the system thereof of extensive high-definition remote sensing camera Download PDFInfo
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- CN103698900B CN103698900B CN201310742999.2A CN201310742999A CN103698900B CN 103698900 B CN103698900 B CN 103698900B CN 201310742999 A CN201310742999 A CN 201310742999A CN 103698900 B CN103698900 B CN 103698900B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of optical imaging method for extensive high-definition remote sensing camera and system thereof.Micro lens arrays is between pre-objective and detector focal plane, and pre-objective adopts the sphere lens structure of centrosymmetric, to obtain Large visual angle scene; Each passage of micro lens arrays is made up of the cemented doublet group that a group is separated, for its bear passage small field of view within the scope of realize meticulous aberration correction, form multiple independently imaging band, by whole visual field internal information without any loss ground all imaging on detector focal plane, in Large visual angle, all obtain the high-resolution imaging of diffraction limit performance everywhere.The present invention adopts the optical texture of pure transmission-type, have simply compact, be applicable to the features such as whole visible ray service band, visual field is large, full filed picture element is even, imaging performance is excellent, cost is low.The invention provides spatial resolution not by the multiple dimensioned optical imaging system of visual field restriction, be applicable to the remote sensing camera of earth observation and generaI investigation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optical imaging system for extensive high-definition remote sensing camera, particularly a kind of adopt Multi-scale model, refraction type, work in whole visible light wave range, Large visual angle, high-resolution optical imaging method and system thereof.
Background technology
Along with the development of space exploration and earth observation, to the visual field of imaging system and resolution requirement more and more higher.For realizing Real-time Obtaining high-resolution optical image within the scope of Large visual angle, extensive high resolution camera is difficult point and the emphasis of research always.
Adopt traditional formation method and system, Large visual angle and high resolving power restrict mutually, and operation wavelength one timing, improve the resolution of system, can only pass through increase system bore.And Large visual angle, heavy-caliber optical system, adopt classic method design, introduce more optical surfaces to correct geometrical aberration, system can become very complicated, will increase to great cost with system weight, volume, complicacy and huge cost.In addition, the optical system of this heavy caliber and high complexity, also by the restriction of many-sided conditions such as optical material, processing, detection, manufacturing cost and remote sensor carrying capacity.Adopt current manufacturing technology, the spacebased system of the ground based system of 10 meter levels and 2.4 meters has been considered to reach the limit that system and economy are born.Therefore, adopt traditional method for designing, be difficult to meet Modern remote device imaging system to Large visual angle and high-resolution requirement simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention overcomes the deficiency that prior art exists, provide a kind of simple and compact for structure, resolution is high, visual field is large, the optical imaging method for extensive high-definition remote sensing camera of applicable wide waveband and system thereof.
The technical scheme realizing the object of the invention is to provide a kind of optical imaging method for extensive high-definition remote sensing camera, the Large visual angle scenery that preposition image-forming objective lens is obtained, corresponding point visual field is divided into through several single channel optical imaging systems, each single channel optical imaging system corrects its residual aberration respectively, the focal plane of the detector corresponding with each single channel optical imaging system obtains the identical optical imagery of performance, after splicing is carried out to each optical imagery obtained, obtain full filed optical imagery.
Technical solution of the present invention also comprises a kind of optical imaging system for extensive high-definition remote sensing camera, along light direction, is followed successively by pre-objective optical system, micro lens arrays and detector focal plane; Described pre-objective optical system is the concentric spherical structure of one group of four lens gummed, four lens are that the centre of sphere is symmetrical, be installed in a lens barrel, four lens are followed successively by falcate sphere negative lens, plano-convex spherical positive lens, plano-convex spherical positive lens, falcate sphere negative lens; The focal length of pre-objective optical system
f 1 for 67mm≤
f 1 ≤ 72mm; Described micro lens arrays comprises several single channel optical imaging systems, described single channel optical imaging system is the two groups of cemented doublet structures be installed in a lens barrel, the optical element of two groups of cemented doublets is followed successively by first pair of gummed group of sphere negative lens and sphere positive lens composition, second pair of gummed group of sphere positive lens and sphere negative lens composition, the focal length of single channel optical imaging system
f 2 for 17mm≤
f 2 ≤ 22mm; Each single channel optical imaging system is installed on a curved surface concentric with the spherical image planes of pre-objective optical system, forms micro lens arrays.
In pre-objective optical system, described falcate sphere negative lens, plano-convex spherical positive lens, plano-convex spherical positive lens and falcate sphere negative lens, they are relative to the focal length of pre-objective optical system
f 1 normalized value be followed successively by
f ' 11,
f ' 12
,
f ' 13
with
f ' 14, satisfy condition-1.48≤
f ' 11≤-1.45,0.53≤
f ' 12
≤ 0.56,0.54≤
f ' 13
≤ 0.57,
-1.30≤
f ' 14
≤-1.25; The refractive index of their material therefors is followed successively by
n 11,
n 12,
n 13,
n 14, satisfy condition:
1.68≤
n 11≤1.73，1.43≤
n 12≤1.50，1.45≤
n 13≤1.53，1.67≤
n 14≤1.72。
In single channel optical imaging system, the focal length of described sphere negative lens, sphere positive lens, sphere positive lens and sphere negative lens, they are relative to the focal length of single channel optical imaging system
f 2 normalized value be followed successively by
f ' 21
,
f ' 22
,
f ' 23
with
f ' 24
, satisfy condition-0.96≤
f ' 21 ≤-0.94,0.45≤
f ' 22 ≤ 0.50,0.22≤
f ' 23
≤ 0.27,
-0.35≤
f ' 24
≤-0.30; The refractive index of their material therefors is followed successively by
n 21,
n 22,
n 23,
n 24, satisfy condition:
1.58≤
n 21≤1.63，1.50≤
n 22≤1.56，1.52≤
n 23≤1.57，1.53≤
n 24≤1.60。
For an optical imaging system for extensive high-definition remote sensing camera, its visual field is 0 °≤ω≤120 °; Its optical tube length L is 135mm≤L≤150mm.
The present invention introduces micro lens arrays between traditional preposition image-forming objective lens and focus planardetector, the Large visual angle scenery obtained by preposition image-forming objective lens is divided into multiple imaging band, after single micro lens structure accurate correction residual aberration of each passage, the focal plane of each channel detector all obtains performance identical and there is the optical image of very high resolution, by carrying out splicing to each channel image, full filed high-resolution optical picture can be obtained.Large visual angle internal information without any loss ground all imaging on detector focal plane.
Large visual field high resolution optical imaging system for extensive high-definition remote sensing camera provided by the invention, owing to have employed the refractive optical formation method of Multi-scale model, can realize high resolution in very large field range.Between pre-objective and detector focal plane, introduce micro lens arrays, as field processor.Multi-scale model optical system provided by the invention, the centrosymmetric spherical lens that pre-objective adopts four to glue together, the system of this structure, have the advantage that aberration and visual field are irrelevant, its residual aberration only has court and chromatic longitudiinal aberration, therefore, possess the ability obtaining Large visual angle imaging, then by rational focal power distribution, positive and negative lens combination, effectively reduce spherical aberration, carry out achromatism additionally by Rational choice optical glass material, obtain less residual aberration.Multi-scale model optical system provided by the invention, micro lens arrays is positioned on the concentric curved surface of spherical image planes formed with pre-objective, play a part to correct pre-objective residual aberration and relaying image rotation simultaneously, its each passage shares a point of visual field of pre-objective, only simple need be adopted hereby to cut down structure, by two groups of two cemented objectives, select rational glass mates, effectively reduce residue court and the chromatic longitudiinal aberration of pre-objective, and each channel system of lenslet array itself has the little and paraxial feature of bore, aberration correction difficulty is little, can easily by pre-objective aberration correction in its visual field to the imaging performance close to diffraction limit, obtain the very high resolution with diffraction limit, picture in corresponding for pre-objective visual field all can be corrected to diffraction limit performance by each passage.Finally by electronic computer technology, each passage subimage is carried out splicing, the Large visual angle scenery picture that pre-objective obtains can be obtained, and there is the high resolving power characteristic of diffraction limit.
Multiple dimensioned large visual field high resolution optical imaging system provided by the invention is equipped on spacecraft, receive the sunshine reflected light from atural object, after multiple dimensioned optical system, the photosurface of each channel detector forms optical image, after electronic circuit collection, image procossing, export the target image of catching, obtain the high-definition picture of atural object internal object scene on a large scale.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the present invention adopts the refractive optical system of Multi-scale model, is made up of pre-objective and lenslet array, and pre-objective and lenslet array system all have that structure simply, is easily debug, good stability, realize the low advantage of cost.
2, the visual field of optical system provided by the invention is 0 °≤ω≤120 °, and detectable range is wide, and detection and identify efficiency is high; All have the imaging performance close to the limit within the scope of full filed, optical homogeneity is good.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the principle of work schematic diagram of the multiple dimensioned optical system for extensive high-definition remote sensing camera provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the optical imaging system for extensive high-definition remote sensing camera that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 3 is the index path of the optical imaging system for extensive high-definition remote sensing camera that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 4 is the point spread function distribution plan of the optical imaging system for extensive high-definition remote sensing camera that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 5 is the optical path difference curve of the optical imaging system for extensive high-definition remote sensing camera that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 6 is the encircled energy curve of the optical imaging system for extensive high-definition remote sensing camera that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 7 is the optical transfer function curve of the optical imaging system for extensive high-definition remote sensing camera that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
In figure: 1, pre-objective optical system; 11, the falcate sphere negative lens of pre-objective; 12, the plano-convex spherical positive lens of pre-objective; 13, the plano-convex spherical positive lens of pre-objective; 14, the falcate sphere negative lens of pre-objective; 2, micro lens arrays; 21, sphere negative lens; 22, sphere positive lens; 23, sphere positive lens; 24, sphere negative lens; 3, image planes (detector focal plane).
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, further concrete elaboration is done to working of an invention scheme.
Embodiment 1:
The technical scheme of the present embodiment is to provide a kind of multiple dimensioned, Large visual angle, high resolution optical imaging system for extensive high-definition remote sensing camera, and its service band is 0.48 μm ~ 0.65 μm, and system F number is F/#=4.0,120 degree, full filed angle.
See accompanying drawing 1, it is the principle of work schematic diagram of the multiple dimensioned optical system for extensive high-definition remote sensing camera provided by the invention; The multiple dimensioned large visual field high resolution optical imaging system of pre-objective is equipped on spacecraft, receive the sunshine reflected light from atural object, after multiple dimensioned optical system, the photosurface of each channel detector forms optical image, after electronic circuit collection, image procossing, export the target image of catching, obtain the high-definition picture of atural object internal object scene on a large scale.
See accompanying drawing 2, it is the structural representation of the optical imaging system for extensive high-definition remote sensing camera that the present embodiment provides; Along light direction, be followed successively by pre-objective 1, micro lens arrays 2 and image planes (detector focal plane) 3.
See accompanying drawing 3, it is the index path of the optical imaging system for extensive high-definition remote sensing camera that the present embodiment provides; Comprise a single channel optical imaging system in pre-objective 1, micro lens arrays and image planes 3.As seen from Figure 3, the pre-objective of this multiple dimensioned optical imaging system is made up of the spherical lens of four gummeds, along light direction, be followed successively by the falcate sphere negative lens 11 of pre-objective, plano-convex spherical positive lens 12, plano-convex spherical positive lens 13, falcate sphere negative lens 14.Light path containing a single channel optical imaging system in Fig. 3, the single channel optical imaging system can found out in micro lens arrays by accompanying drawing 3 is made up of four spherical mirrors, they are two groups, front and back cemented doublet structures, along light direction, be followed successively by first pair of gummed group of sphere negative lens 21 and sphere positive lens 22 composition, second pair of gummed group that sphere positive lens 23 and sphere negative lens 24 form, they are installed in a lens barrel.Several single channel optical imaging systems are installed on a curved surface concentric with the spherical image planes of pre-objective optical system, form micro lens arrays.
First pre-objective obtains the scenery picture of Large visual angle, and this scenery picture is divided into multiple imaging band by micro lens arrays, carries out fine correction to its residual aberration, and is changed on the focal plane of detector by high-quality picture simultaneously.
In the multiple dimensioned refractive optical imaging system that the present embodiment provides, the correlation parameter of corresponding each optical element is as follows: the focal length of pre-objective optical system and single channel optical imaging system is respectively 70mm and 20mm, along radiation direction, falcate sphere negative lens 11, plano-convex spherical positive lens 12, plano-convex spherical positive lens 13, falcate sphere negative lens 14, intermediate image plane 15, sphere negative lens 21, sphere positive lens 22, sphere positive lens 23, the radius-of-curvature of sphere negative lens 24 respectively is 30.17mm, 17.73mm, Infinity,-18.02mm,-34.65mm,-69.99mm, 12.48mm, 5.42mm,-52.13mm, 387.02mm,-2.63mm, with-15.87mm, each lens thickness is followed successively by 12.44mm, 17.89mm, 17.87mm, 16.62mm, 3.47mm, 3.11mm, 3,11mm and 1.90mm, the refractive index of each lens is followed successively by 1.72,1.46,1.45,1.71,1.61,1.52,1.53,1.51.
Large visual angle is realized and high resolving power will pay weight for overcoming traditional optical imaging system, volume, system complexity and huge cost are the difficulty of cost, the present invention adopts the design philosophy of Multi-scale model, visual field is selected not retrain by geometrical aberration, the concentric spherical system of Large visual angle can be obtained as pre-objective, and between pre-objective and focal plane, introduce micro lens arrays optical system, by each single channel optical imaging system, Large visual angle is divided into multiple imaging band, each single channel optical imaging system carries out accurate correction in paraxial region to residual aberration, can at the imaging performance of each passage acquisition close to diffraction limit, diffraction limit imaging characteristic can be realized in Large visual angle.Even for ensureing in whole image planes light distribution everywhere, the light hurdle design of whole system, at first optical surface of single channel optical imaging system first group two gummed mirror group, also can play the effect suppressing veiling glare outside visual field well in addition.
See accompanying drawing 4, it is the image planes point spread function distribution plan of the optical imaging system that the present embodiment provides, to give in image planes 0 degree, 30 degree, the spot intensity distribution at 60 degree of three visual fields place, because system is symmetrical structure, the spot intensity distribution in-60 degree ~ 0 degree of field range corresponds to 60 degree ~ 0 degree visual field.Visible, spot center point intensity is all more than 90%, and the energy of intensity more than more than 50% all concentrates within the scope of the semicircle of 2.16 μm, and in image planes, energy distribution is even.Visible, the multiple dimensioned optical imaging system that the present embodiment provides is within the scope of Large visual angle, and image planes energy has the good characteristic of homogeneity.
See accompanying drawing 5, it is the optical path difference distribution curve of the optical imaging system that the present embodiment provides, represent the phase error between actual image planes and desirable image planes (i.e. diffraction limit face), horizontal ordinate represents pupil coordinate, ordinate represents optical path difference size, visible each visual field retardation values is all less than o.2 λ, and according to Rayleigh criterion, optical path difference is less than λ/4 system and reaches diffraction limit imaging performance.Therefore, the multiple dimensioned optical imaging system that provides of the present embodiment reaches the imaging characteristic of diffraction limit the Large visual angle scope of 120 degree.
See accompanying drawing 6, it is the encircled energy curve of the optical imaging system that the present embodiment provides, and horizontal ordinate represents encirclement radius of circle size, and ordinate represents concentration of energy numerical value, and Fig. 6 shows, system is greater than 80% in single detector pixel scope energy concentration inside.
See accompanying drawing 7, it is the optical transfer function curve of the optical imaging system that the present embodiment provides, horizontal ordinate is spatial frequency, ordinate is transfer function values, as seen from Figure 7, in 120 degree of field ranges, system is frequency place of Qwest at detector, transfer function values, 0.4, meets request for utilization.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, service band is 0.72 μm ~ 1.0 μm, and system F number is F/#=4.0,120 degree, full filed angle, and optical system structure and imaging optical path are see accompanying drawing 2 and accompanying drawing 3.
All the other parameters of optical imaging system are as follows: pre-objective and micro lens single channel optical imaging system focal length are respectively 70mm and 20mm, along radiation direction, falcate sphere negative lens 11, plano-convex spherical positive lens 12, plano-convex spherical positive lens 13, falcate sphere negative lens 14, intermediate image plane 15, sphere negative lens 21, sphere positive lens 22, sphere positive lens 23, the radius-of-curvature of sphere negative lens 24 respectively is 31.12mm, 18.43mm, Infinity,-19.13mm,-35.55mm,-72.01mm, 12.99mm, 5.87mm,-53.36mm, 391.52mm,-3.08mm, with-16.11mm, each lens thickness is followed successively by 1.52mm, 17.96mm, 17.94mm, 16.98mm, 3.31mm, 2.97mm, 2.97mm and 1.89mm, the refractive index of each lens is followed successively by 1.71,1.45,1.47,1.73,1.62,1.53,1.54,1.52.
This multiple dimensioned refractive optical imaging system, in the whole image planes scope of 120 degree of field angle, can obtain uniform light distribution, obtain the optical imagery of diffraction limit performance, be applicable to extensive High Resolution Space Camera.
Claims (6)
1. for an optical imaging system for extensive high-definition remote sensing camera, it is characterized in that: along light direction, be followed successively by pre-objective optical system (1), micro lens arrays (2) and detector focal plane (3); Described pre-objective optical system is the concentric spherical structure of one group of four lens gummed, four lens are that the centre of sphere is symmetrical, be installed in a lens barrel, four lens are followed successively by falcate sphere negative lens (11), plano-convex spherical positive lens (12), plano-convex spherical positive lens (13), falcate sphere negative lens (14); The focal length of pre-objective optical system (1)
f 1 for 67mm≤
f 1 ≤ 72mm; Described micro lens arrays (2) comprises several single channel optical imaging systems, described single channel optical imaging system is the two groups of cemented doublet structures be installed in a lens barrel, the optical element of two groups of cemented doublets is followed successively by first pair of gummed group that the first sphere negative lens (21) and the first sphere positive lens (22) form, second pair of gummed group that second sphere positive lens (23) and the second sphere negative lens (24) form, the focal length of single channel optical imaging system
f 2 for 17mm≤
f 2 ≤ 22mm; Each single channel optical imaging system is installed on a curved surface concentric with the spherical image planes of pre-objective optical system (1), forms micro lens arrays (2); Described falcate sphere negative lens (11), plano-convex spherical positive lens (12), plano-convex spherical positive lens (13) and falcate sphere negative lens (14), the refractive index of their material therefors is followed successively by
n 11,
n 12,
n 13,
n 14, satisfy condition 1.68≤
n 11≤ 1.73,1.43≤
n 12≤ 1.50,1.45≤
n 13≤ 1.53,1.67≤
n 14≤ 1.72.
2. a kind of optical imaging system for extensive high-definition remote sensing camera according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described falcate sphere negative lens (11), plano-convex spherical positive lens (12), plano-convex spherical positive lens (13) and falcate sphere negative lens (14), they are relative to the focal length of pre-objective optical system
f 1 normalized value be followed successively by
f ' 11,
f ' 12
,
f ' 13
with
f ' 14, satisfy condition-1.48≤
f ' 11≤-1.45,0.53≤
f ' 12
≤ 0.56,0.54≤
f ' 13
≤ 0.57 ,-1.30≤
f ' 14
≤-1.25.
3. a kind of optical imaging system for extensive high-definition remote sensing camera according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the focal length of the first described sphere negative lens (21), the first sphere positive lens (22), the second sphere positive lens (23) and the second sphere negative lens (24), they are relative to the focal length of single channel optical imaging system
f 2 normalized value be followed successively by
f ' 21
,
f ' 22
,
f ' 23
with
f ' 24
, satisfy condition-0.96≤
f ' 21 ≤-0.94,0.45≤
f ' 22 ≤ 0.50,0.22≤
f ' 23
≤ 0.27 ,-0.35≤
f ' 24
≤-0.30.
4. a kind of optical imaging system for extensive high-definition remote sensing camera according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the first described sphere negative lens (21), the first sphere positive lens (22), the second sphere positive lens (23) second and sphere negative lens (24), the refractive index of their material therefors is followed successively by
n 21,
n 22,
n 23,
n 24, satisfy condition 1.58≤
n 21≤ 1.63,1.50≤
n 22≤ 1.56,1.52≤
n 23≤ 1.57,1.53≤
n 24≤ 1.60.
5. a kind of optical imaging system for extensive high-definition remote sensing camera according to claim 1, is characterized in that: its visual field ω is 0 °≤ω≤120 °.
6. a kind of optical imaging system for extensive high-definition remote sensing camera according to claim 1, is characterized in that: its optical tube length L is 135mm≤L≤150mm.
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| CN104034420B (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2017-03-29 | 苏州大学 | A kind of wide field staring formula spectrum imaging system and its imaging method |
| CN104317156B (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2017-06-09 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Homocentric sphere object lens detector spherical array video acquisition device |
| WO2016201604A1 (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2016-12-22 | 中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究所 | Imaging device |
| CN106989820B (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2018-05-15 | 长春理工大学 | Multispectral imaging optical system based on homocentric sphere concentrating element |
| CN108259723A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-07-06 | 中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究所 | A kind of bionics optics imaging system |
| CN108333728B (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2020-09-18 | 长春理工大学 | High-image-quality ultra-wide-angle mobile phone lens |
| CN109683429A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-04-26 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | A kind of method of the small big visual field camera job stability of F number under promotion complex environment |
| CN111917940A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2020-11-10 | 北庭星云科技(北京)有限公司 | Variable temporal and spatial panoramic 360 degree camera object relational imaging analysis |
| CN111077627A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-28 | 焦作天裕精密光学有限公司 | Rapid centering gluing device and method for micro lens |
| CN111190285A (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-05-22 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Multi-aperture single-detector optical imaging system |
| CN111174765B (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2021-08-13 | 北京航天飞行控制中心 | Planet vehicle target detection control method and device based on visual guidance |
| CN113840064B (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2023-06-30 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Large-view-field optical imaging method based on electric control gating |
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