CN103579692B

CN103579692B - A kind of accumulator repairing system and restorative procedure thereof

Info

Publication number: CN103579692B
Application number: CN201210258598.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 萨拉·松·德库斯特
Original assignee: US POWER Co
Current assignee: US POWER Co
Priority date: 2012-07-24
Filing date: 2012-07-24
Publication date: 2016-01-20
Anticipated expiration: 2032-07-24
Also published as: CN103579692A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of accumulator repairing system, comprise database, charge and discharge control equipment, discharge equipment and charging device; Wherein, described charging device and discharge equipment outside are connected to storage battery to be repaired, and inside is connected respectively to charge and discharge control equipment, and described charge and discharge control equipment is by data wire and described DataBase combining.Storage battery restorative procedure of the present invention can for the virtual condition of different batteries, automatically selects a kind of repair mode according to discharge characteristic data determination charge volume and program, effectively improves the repairing effect of storage battery.

Description

A kind of accumulator repairing system and restorative procedure thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to storage battery field, particularly a kind of accumulator repairing system and restorative procedure thereof.

Background technology

Storage battery general term can repeated charge use battery, also known as secondary cell.What on Vehicles Collected from Market, storage battery consumption was maximum is lead accumulator, its manufactured materials wide material sources, cheap, and has the electric property advantages such as safe and reliable, capacity is large, strength of discharge is large.In various types of storage batterys of actual use at present, having lead accumulator organic efficiency only can reach 99%, and material resources almost can recycle by full repeatability, meets the development trend of environmental protection.At present, lead accumulator occupies absolute dominant position in high-power/Large Copacity fields such as electrically propelled traction vehicle, car and boat starting, communication equipment station, energy storage.

But lead accumulator has again defect that is shorter, that easily scrap in advance in useful life.For traction battery, current China only electric bicycle industry just needs the lead accumulator of use about 600,000,000 every year.Due to lead accumulator, discarded phenomenon is serious in advance, and average life cycle only has 12 ~ 15 months, and therefore, the amount of batteries that only electric bicycle industry 1 year is discarded is just more than 500,000,000.Add other industry, annual discarded lead accumulator incredible amount.

Carrying out reparation to lead accumulator is avoid lead accumulator to scrap in advance, extends battery, reduces a kind of feasible technological means of the wasting of resources.In prior art, there is the multiple method that lead accumulator is repaired, comprising: rich solution boost charge method, positive/negative pulse charge method, multistage segmentation intelligent charging method, high temperature shelve method etc.Dissimilar restorative procedure needs to do different technical finesses to the battery of different capabilities attenuation state, due to the diversity of the state of the diversity of lead accumulator restorative procedure, the diversity of repair materials and battery to be repaired, the technical staff implementing lead accumulator reparation needs to have more rich technical experience, need there is deep understanding to emerging several functions material and know-why method in recent years, need there is strict control to lead accumulator repair process.Exactly because storage battery reparation has relatively strict requirement to technology, in general, the overall repairing effect of current lead accumulator is unsatisfactory, and remediation efficiency is very low.For the above reasons, the equipment that can complete lead accumulator automatically, efficiently and repair still is lacked in prior art.

Except lead accumulator, the secondary cell of other type, as lithium battery, Ni-MH battery etc., because the deficient maintenance in use procedure is charged or charged, constant voltage value is too high, the too high overcharge caused of ambient temperature, capital makes battery discard in advance, capacity can be made to obtain recover to a certain extent by special charge and discharge system and continue to use, its repair process can to a certain degree reduce the waste to material resources and the product manufacturing energy equally.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to overcome the defect still lacking in prior art and can complete the equipment that storage battery is repaired automatically, efficiently, thus a kind of system that can realize storage battery and repair is provided.

To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of accumulator repairing system, comprise database 1, charge and discharge control equipment 7, discharge equipment 2 and charging device 3; Wherein, described charging device 3 and discharge equipment 2 are connected respectively to the positive and negative end of storage battery 6 outside to be repaired, described charging device 3 is also connected respectively on described charge and discharge control equipment 7 with discharge equipment 2, and described charge and discharge control equipment 7 is connected to described database 1;

The instruction that described discharge equipment 2 sends according to described charge and discharge control equipment 7 carries out discharge operation to described storage battery 6, and returns corresponding data to described charging/discharging apparatus 7; Described data comprise: described storage battery 6 is to mark rule rated current I _edischarge initial 1%T _{nominal rating}sampled in time the minimum amount of voltage that V obtained ₀₁, be discharged to mark rule final voltage V ₀time value T ₀with average voltage level V ₀₂, and electric discharge suspends T ₁the real-time voltage value V of time feedbacking ₁; Wherein, described T ₁value be 0.5 ~ 5%T _{nominal rating};

The instruction that described charging device 3 sends according to described charge and discharge control equipment 7 carries out charging operations to described storage battery 6, and described charging operations comprises and is filled with the electricity of specifying to described storage battery 6;

Described charge and discharge control equipment 7 is according to the V of feedback ₀₁, V ₀₂, T ₀and V ₁value reads the corresponding relation between reparation charge volume C stored in itself and described database 1, select repair mode according to this corresponding relation, the order corresponding to selected repair mode is read from described database 1 and is sent to described charging device 3 by described charge and discharge control equipment 7; Described reparation charge volume C and described T ₀corresponding relation be C=﹝ m ﹢ n(1-T ₀/ T _{nominal rating}) ﹞ C _nominal; Wherein, m=1.1 ~ 1.3; N=1.0 ~ 3.5, its span is by V ₀₁, V ₀₂and V ₁value jointly determine;

Described I _e, V ₀, T _{nominal rating}with C _nominalfor the known value that national technical standard specifies.

Present invention also offers a kind of storage battery restorative procedure based on described accumulator repairing system realizes, comprising:

Step 1), be that storage battery to be repaired is full of electricity in constant voltage and current limiting mode, then leave standstill a period of time, described time of repose is greater than 10 minutes;

Step 2), set with I _eintensity, final voltage V ₀carry out detection electric discharge, the front electromotive force E that obtains discharging, discharge initial 1%T _{nominal rating}sampled in time the minimum amount of voltage that V obtained ₀₁, be discharged to final voltage V ₀time value T ₀with average voltage level V ₀₂and be discharged to V ₀rear no-load running T ₁the real-time voltage value V of time ₁;

Step 3), according to step 2) the reparation charge volume C required when determining to carry out repairing charging to storage battery to be repaired of the data that obtain;

Step 4), according to step 2) data of reparation charge volume C that obtain of the data that obtain and step 3) charge stage by stage, realize the reparation to storage battery.

In technique scheme, the step 2 described) after, before step 4), also comprise:

Step a), according to step 2) data that obtain determine the failure mode of storage battery to be repaired, are that described storage battery to be repaired adds repair materials according to different failure modes, and supply electrolyte for storage battery.

In technique scheme, in described step a), described is that described lead accumulator interpolation repair materials to be repaired comprises according to different failure modes:

Step a-1), meet the mono-lattice of E≤2.15V/, V when storage battery to be repaired ₀₁the mono-lattice of≤2.05V/, V ₀₂the mono-lattice of≤1.99V/, V ₁during mono-lattice four features at least two of≤2.00V/, perform step a-2); When storage battery to be repaired meets the mono-lattice of E > 2.23V/, V ₀₁the mono-lattice of > 2.10V/, V ₀₂the mono-lattice of > 2.02V/, V ₁during mono-lattice four features at least two of > 2.05V/, perform step a-3); Non-above-mentioned two kinds of typicalnesses performance, performs step a-4);

Step a-2), be the repair materials of the additional anti-pole plate lead sulfate crystallization salinization of storage battery to be repaired, then terminate the operation of this step;

Step a-3), be the softening repair materials of the additional suppression plate active material of storage battery to be repaired, then terminate the operation of this step;

Step a-4), be storage battery to be repaired first additional sulfuration resistant material, administer pole plate lead sulfate crystallization salinization by charging, and then additional die bond material is administered plate active material by charging and is softened.

In technique scheme, described step 2) comprising:

Step 2-1), by V ₀₁final voltage value V is advised with mark ₀compare, if V ₀₁> V ₀, with rated current intensity I _ebe discharged to V ₀, record T discharge time ₀; If E < is V ₀or V ₀₁﹦ V ₀, then discharge time values T is recorded ₀=0;

Step 2-2), by storage battery to be repaired with I _ecurrent strength is discharged to V ₀time, unloaded T ₁time, record the real-time voltage value V now rebounded ₁;

Step 2-3), to storage battery deep discharge to be repaired to V ₂, then the intensity of discharging current is successively decreased stage by stage and is continued deep discharge to V ₂, V ₂≤ 80%V ₀/ mono-lattice; Wherein, the intensity of described discharging current is successively decreased stage by stage and is comprised: I _e1/2 decile of current strength successively decreases, or successively decreases with arbitrary form, last rank current strength preferably≤0.05C _nominal/ A.

In technique scheme, the reparation charge volume C of described step 3), with described T ₀corresponding relation be C=﹝ m ﹢ n(1-T ₀/ T _{nominal rating}) ﹞ C _nominal; Wherein m=1.1 ~ 1.3, n=1.0 ~ 3.5, the span of n according to storage battery kind in conjunction with V ₀₁, V ₀₂, V ₁value interval and determine, lead accumulator is comprised:

I, storage battery to be repaired meet V ₀₁the mono-lattice of≤2.05V/, V ₀₂during≤1.99V/ mono-any one of lattice feature, n value 2.5 ~ 3.5: wherein, V ₁n value 2.9 ~ 3.5, V during < 2.0V/ mono-lattice ₁n value 2.5 ~ 2.9 during>=2.0V/ mono-lattice;

Ii, storage battery to be repaired meet V ₀₁the mono-lattice of > 2.10V/, V ₀₂during>=2.02V/ mono-any one of lattice feature, n value 1.0 ~ 1.8: wherein, V ₁n value 1.0 ~ 1.3, V during>=2.05V/ mono-lattice ₁n value 1.3 ~ 1.8 during < 2.05V/ mono-lattice;

When iii, non-above-mentioned two class status and appearance, n value 1.8 ~ 2.5.

In technique scheme, described step 4) comprises lead accumulator:

Step 4-1), according to the discharge data V of battery to be repaired ₀₁, V ₁electromotive force E before value combines electric discharge chooses the current strength of initial charge, for E < V ₀, V ₀₁=V ₀or V ₁the storage battery to be repaired of the mono-lattice of>=2.05V/, preferably use≤0.06C/A carries out initial charge 0.5 ~ 4 hour or charges to the mono-lattice of both end voltage>=2.0V/ of storage battery, then shift step 4-2); The storage battery of non-above-mentioned situation directly carries out step 4-2) charging;

Step 4-2), to storage battery to be repaired with 0.08 ~ 0.25C/A current charges, until be filled with the charge volume of 70 ~ 95%C/Ah, then shift step 4-3) charging;

Step 4-3), to storage battery to be repaired with 0.03 ~ 0.06C/A low current charge, until be filled with by discharge data V ₀₁, V ₀₂, T ₀, V ₁the C/Ah charge volume jointly determined, makes storage battery recover normal capacity.

Step 4-2 described) in, charging process is preferably divided into two or more stages, and between different phase, space changing is less than or equal to low current charge or the dormancy of 0.03C/A, or arranges shallow discharge.

In technique scheme, the current strength≤I of described shallow discharge _e, discharge electricity amount≤0.5C/Ah; When arranging shallow discharge, this negative charge volume supplements back at after-stage charging moderate, described by C=﹝ m ﹢ n(1-T ₀/ T _{nominal rating}) ﹞ C _nominalit is constant that the reparation determined remains charge volume.

The invention has the advantages that:

Storage battery restorative procedure of the present invention can for the virtual condition of different batteries, automatically selects a kind of repair mode according to discharge characteristic data determination charge volume and program, improves the repair rate of storage battery.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the foundation structure schematic diagram of accumulator repairing system of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the voltage change curve of a 6DZM12 inefficacy storage battery constant current deep discharge;

Fig. 3 is the workflow diagram of the discharge equipment in battery repair system of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the flow chart of a kind of deep discharge method that the discharge equipment in battery repair system of the present invention adopts;

Fig. 5 is the workflow diagram of the charging device in battery repair system of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the charging current curve that embodiment 1 arranges charge volume corresponding to battery discharging data;

Fig. 7 is the charging current curve that embodiment 2 arranges charge volume corresponding to battery discharging data;

Fig. 8 is the charging current curve that embodiment 3 arranges charge volume corresponding to battery discharging data;

Fig. 9 is the charging current curve that embodiment 4 arranges charge volume corresponding to battery discharging data;

Figure 10 is the charging current curve that embodiment 5 arranges charge volume corresponding to battery discharging data;

Figure 11 is that the charging voltage of embodiment 6 corresponding to battery discharging data arranges curve.

Accompanying drawing identifies

1, database 2, discharge equipment 3, charging device

6, storage battery 7, charge/discharge control appliance

Embodiment

Before elaborating to the present invention, first do Unify legislation to related notion involved in the present invention, in order to the convenience illustrated, for lead accumulator in the process described, other type cell can in like manner be analogized.

I _e(unit A): the rate of discharge of rate when representing that battery industry national technical standard is specified, I _e=rated capacity C _nominal(Ah)/electric discharge time rate (h).Such as, electric bicycle 6DZM battery national regulations is that 2h leads electric discharge, I _e(A)=C _nominal/ 2h; Electric road car storage battery new national standard is defined as 3h and leads electric discharge, I _e(A)=C _nominal/ 3h; Communication station UPS storage battery national regulations is that 10h leads electric discharge, then I _e(A)=C _nominal/ 10h.

V ₀(unit V): mark rule are with I _ethe final voltage value of electric discharge, such as, 2h leads or 3h leads electrokinetic cell V ₀the mono-lattice of=1.75V/, communication station 10h leads battery V ₀the mono-lattice of=1.80V/.

T ₀: by storage battery with I _ebe discharged to V ₀time.As storage battery kinetic potential E≤V ₀time, storage battery can not discharge, now T ₀=0; When battery discharging moment (in such as 1 second) reaches V ₀time, this discharge data, without Practical significance, records T ₀=0; As V > V ₀time, T ₀> 0.T ₀physical significance characterize the remaining capacity of storage battery, remaining capacity is I _e× T ₀(Ah).

Above-mentionedly be industry technology known value, be below characteristic data value involved in the present invention (not in addition specially explanation state example, be all described for lead accumulator):

V ₀₁: with I _edischarge initial 1%T _{nominal rating}the minimum amount of voltage that in time, sampling obtains.The voltage performance of general storage battery closed circuit (adding external loading) rebounds at a spy end to enter the process of stable discharging platform again, and applicant finds V ₀₁performance is interval relevant to storage battery dominant failure mode, such as, shows as V when lead accumulator dominant failure mode is the crystallization salinization of plate active material typical sulfur lead plumbate ₀₁obviously on the low side, show as V when plate active material seriously softens ₀₁obviously higher, and two kinds of failure modes V when depositing ₀₁show as between the two; V ₀₁three kinds of different voltage range performances, the repair process for lead accumulator provides a characteristic feature foundation.

V ₀₂: storage battery is at T ₀the average voltage level of time period electric discharge.The known V of industry ₀₂relevant to electrolytical ion concentration, the V of such as lead accumulator ₀₂relevant to sulfuric acid density; Applicant finds the V that lead accumulator shows ₀₂interval relevant to dominant failure mode, plate active material typical sulfur lead plumbate crystallization salinization shows as V ₀₂obviously on the low side, plate active material is seriously softening shows as V ₀₂obviously higher, and two kinds of failure modes the storage battery V deposited ₀₂show as between the two; These three kinds of different V ₀₂interval performance, for repair process provides another feature foundation.

T ₁: a time value involved in storage battery repair process.Storage battery is with rated current I _ebe discharged to V ₀time, the electromotive force (open circuit voltage) suspending electric discharge (unloaded, namely to disconnect discharge load) can be tending towards basicly stable at certain hour, T ₁rate T when value is discharged according to the mark rule of storage battery _{nominal rating}for reference, preferred span 0.5 ~ 5%T _{nominal rating}, such as 1 ~ 2h leads storage battery preferred lower limit value 0.5 ~ 1.5%T _{nominal rating}, 3 ~ 5h leads the preferred intermediate value 1 ~ 3%T of storage battery _{nominal rating}, 10 ~ 20h leads storage battery preferred upper limit value 3 ~ 5%T _{nominal rating}.

V ₁: storage battery no-load running T ₁the real-time voltage value that time can reach.Applicant finds the V that different failure mode storage battery shows ₁have significantly different interval, such as, when lead accumulator dominant failure mode is the crystallization salinization of plate active material lead sulfate, be usually expressed as V ₁on the low side, show as V when plate active material seriously softens ₁obviously higher; And two kinds of failure modes show as V when depositing ₁be between the two; These three kinds different real-time voltage V ₁interval performance, the repair process for lead accumulator provides another characteristic feature foundation.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.

With reference to figure 1, the system for storage battery reparation of the present invention comprises database 1, charge and discharge control equipment 7, discharge equipment 2 and charging device 3; Wherein, described charging device 3 and discharge equipment 2 can be connected respectively to the positive and negative end of storage battery 6 outside to be repaired, described charging device 3 is also connected respectively on described charge and discharge control equipment 7 with discharge equipment 2, and described charge and discharge control equipment 7 is connected with described database 1 by data wire.

Described discharge equipment 2 is for discharging the electric energy in storage battery 6 to be repaired.In one embodiment, described discharge equipment 2 comprise constant current discharge load resistance, miniature data read/write holder, discharge time counter, show voltmeter, data input/output interface, constant-current discharge and real-time voltage administrative unit in real time.This discharge equipment 2 in the course of the work, receives the instruction that charge and discharge control equipment 7 sends, and can perform a series of discharge operation according to this instruction to storage battery 6, and return corresponding data to charge and discharge control equipment 7.

Described charging device 3 is for charging to storage battery 6 to be repaired.In one embodiment, described charging device 3 comprises constant current charge real-time management unit, charging interval counter, in real time display current/voltage table, miniature data read/write holder and data input/output interface.This charging device 3 in the course of the work, receives the instruction that charge and discharge control equipment 7 sends, and can perform a series of charging operations according to this instruction to storage battery 6, and return corresponding data to charge and discharge control equipment 7.

In the present embodiment, discharge equipment 2 and charging device 3 are independently two equipment, in other embodiments, also can by putting/charged integrated realizes.

Described charge and discharge control equipment 7 according to discharge equipment 2 to storage battery 6 to be repaired with rated current I _eelectric discharge 1%T _{nominal rating}the minimum amount of voltage that V of sampling in the time ₀₁, I _ebe discharged to final voltage V ₀time value T ₀with average voltage level V ₀₂and electric discharge suspends T ₁the real-time voltage value V of time feedbacking ₁, read the reparation charge volume C(Ah that described database 1 stores) and described V ₀₁, V ₀₂, T ₀, V ₁between corresponding relation, select suitable repair mode according to this relation, the order corresponding to this repair mode is sent to charging device 3 by charge and discharge control equipment 7, charging device 3 adopts this repair mode to realize reparation to storage battery 6.

Described database 1 repairs charge volume C and described V for storing ₀₁, V ₀₂, T ₀, V ₁between corresponding relation and the order of the repair mode corresponding with these corresponding relations.

Being more than the description to the system for storage battery reparation of the present invention, below the storage battery restorative procedure realized based on this system being mainly described for stating example with lead accumulator.

Mainly there are two kinds of typical failure patterns in lead accumulator: pole plate lead sulfate crystallization salinization, plate active material are softened.The method realization reparation to a certain degree of charging all can be adopted to the lead accumulator be under above-mentioned two kinds of failure modes.Which kind of failure mode no matter lead accumulator be, generally there is at least one Secondary energy platform at single lattice 1 ~ 1.6V, if do not discharge the energy in this Secondary energy platform by deep discharge, repairing effect can be not good enough.Figure 2 shows the variation in voltage curve that 6DZM12 dead battery constant current 5A discharges, pile up between 9V left and right region have larger energy though this curve shows dead battery, well below normal working voltage lower limit, normally work meaningless to storage battery.In storage battery repair process, carry out deep discharge, effectively can discharge the energy of this low-voltage platform, by charging, storage battery is repaired again after deep discharge, storage battery repairing effect will be made better.

The applicant is found by research: discharge characteristic data are for determining that the size of reparation charge volume required in storage battery repair process has very important meaning.The clustered particles image of microcosmic active substance of battery, when capacity is normal, pole is highly consistent to arrangement, during capacity high attenuation, the size distribution of clustered particles, cluster spacing and pole all present disorderly and unsystematic to arrangement, the prerequisite needing to add outside effective Additive is injected disposablely enough energy activated, otherwise can form " memory " makes battery capacity cannot restoration designing value, therefore determining to repair charge volume with discharge characteristic data, is the effective technology method making storage battery recover normal capacity.

Some technology is not suitable for present stage to the battery of deep discharge, such as conventional lithium battery, Ni-MH battery, depth of discharge should control.From know-why, as long as its electrode material of any battery does not decompose because discharge voltage is too low or phase transformation, carry out the energy that deep discharge all contributes to discharging low-voltage platform in repair process, repairing effect can be better.

Be found to be basis with above-mentioned, described storage battery restorative procedure comprises:

Step 1), be that storage battery to be repaired is full of electricity in constant voltage and current limiting mode, then leave standstill a period of time, in the present embodiment, described time of repose is greater than 10 minutes.

Because storage battery exists the phenomenon of self discharge, standing time, the longer judgement that can affect battery remaining capacity, therefore realized step 1 before to battery discharging) contribute to obtaining relatively accurate V ₀₁, V ₀₂, T ₀, V ₁numerical value, promotes the technique effect of subsequent step.

Step 2), set with I _eintensity, final voltage V ₀carry out detection electric discharge, obtain discharge front electromotive force E, electric discharge 1%T _{nominal rating}the minimum amount of voltage that V of sampling in the time ₀₁, be discharged to final voltage V ₀time value T ₀with average voltage level V ₀₂and be discharged to V ₀rear no-load running T ₁the real-time voltage value V of time ₁.

Described in step 2 with I _eintensity-discharge, its objective is as gathering discharge characteristic data, I _eintensity-discharge belongs to preferred and nonessential, such as, strength of discharge can be transformed to the even non-constant electric current of nonstandard rule rated current (being such as transformed to rated impedance electric discharge); Described V ₀and T ₁value in like manner, I _eintensity, V ₀with and T ₁the conversion of value is only value, determination range and corresponding magnitude relationship thereof the statement affected other data.

Step 3), according to step 2) V that obtains ₀₁, V ₀₂, T ₀, V ₁reparation charge volume C required when determining to carry out repairing charging to storage battery to be repaired; Repair charge volume C(Ah)=﹝ m ﹢ n(1-T ₀/ T _{nominal rating}) ﹞ C _nominal; Wherein, m=1.1 ~ 1.3, n=1.0 ~ 3.5; M span is the known value of battery industry, and its numerical values recited characterizes the charge acceptance of storage battery, and m is less, and the charge efficiency of storage battery is higher, and the value of m is simultaneously relevant to the ambient temperature residing for storage battery, and value trend and ambient temperature are inverse ratio; The span of n is by V ₀₁, V ₀₂and V ₁value jointly determine.Following situation is comprised to lead accumulator:

I, storage battery to be repaired meet V ₀₁the mono-lattice of≤2.05V/, V ₀₂during≤1.99V/ mono-any one of lattice feature, n value 2.5 ~ 3.5: wherein, works as V ₁during < 2.0V/ mono-lattice, n value 2.9 ~ 3.5, works as V ₁n value 2.5 ~ 2.9 during>=2.0V/ mono-lattice;

Ii, storage battery to be repaired meet V ₀₁the mono-lattice of > 2.10V/, V ₀₂during>=2.02V/ mono-any one of lattice feature, n value 1.0 ~ 1.8: wherein, works as V ₁during>=2.05V/ mono-lattice, n value 1.0 ~ 1.3, works as V ₁n value 1.3 ~ 1.8 during < 2.05V/ mono-lattice;

When iii, non-above-mentioned two states performance, n value 1.8 ~ 2.5.

In this step, the expression formula of the reparation charge volume C calculated reflects battery malfunction state and the proportional relation repairing charge volume, and its physical meaning is: under the empty lotus state through deep discharge, storage battery reparation is being filled with mC _nominal=1.1 ~ 1.3C _nominalon the basis of electricity, Bu Chong ﹝ n(1-T need be continued ₀/ T _{nominal rating}) ﹞ C _nominalelectricity, T ₀less, the charge volume required for storage battery reparation is larger, and therefore the appropriate value of n is very important.

The effect that the charge volume magnitude relationship calculated in this step is repaired to storage battery, if reparation charge volume is crossed young pathbreaker and can not be activated storage battery to be repaired, if it is excessive to repair charge volume, easily storage battery is filled bad again, especially because long-term overcharge causes the plate active material seriously softening storage battery lost efficacy, therefore the appropriate value of n is very important.

The mode of constant charge charging (not limiting charging voltage) described in this step, for exceeding the explosive storage battery of pressure limiting overcharge inapplicable (conventional lithium battery, conventional Ni-MH battery etc. that such as ordinary skill manufactures), this kind of storage battery should use the current-limiting charge mode of mark rule constant voltage, such as conventional lithium battery can be set to 4.2V current limliting 0.15C/A and charge, and is considered as being full of when charging current naturally drops to and is less than 0.01C/A.Recover to a certain extent although this kind of storage battery also can make capacity obtain by special discharge and recharge, present stage, repairing effect was remarkable far away from lead accumulator because supporting repair materials technical research is not enough and be subject to the restriction of discharge and recharge means.

As the preferred implementation of one, the step 2 described) after, before step 4), also comprise:

Step a), according to step 2) data that obtain determine the failure mode of storage battery to be repaired, are that described storage battery to be repaired adds repair materials according to different failure modes, and supply electrolyte for this storage battery.

Mention, the dominant failure mode of lead accumulator has two kinds before, is that the crystallization salinization of pole plate lead sulfate and plate active material soften respectively.The applicant finds, when storage battery to be repaired meets the mono-lattice of E < 2.15V/, V through experiment ₀₁the mono-lattice of≤2.05V/, V ₀₂the mono-lattice of≤1.99V/, V ₁during in the mono-lattice of≤2.00V/ four features at least two, failure mode turns to master with pole plate lead sulfate crystal salt; When storage battery to be repaired meets the mono-lattice of E > 2.23V/, V ₀₁the mono-lattice of > 2.10V/, V ₀₂the mono-lattice of > 2.02V/, V ₁during in the mono-lattice of > 2.05V/ four features at least two, failure mode is softened based on plate active material; For the situation of non-above-mentioned two kinds of typicalnesses performance, normally two kinds of failure modes depositing.Therefore, before for charge in batteries to be repaired, the repair materials that can be first the additional anti-pole plate lead sulfate crystallization salinization of lead accumulator to be repaired or suppress plate active material softening.If two kinds of failure modes are also deposited, then preferential additional sulfuration resistant material passes through charging improvement pole plate lead sulfate crystallization salinization, and then additional die bond material is softened by charging improvement plate active material.

For the storage battery of other kind, current industry rarely has the open source literature to repair materials research, an important technical reason is: under the business contexts of encouraging consumption fast, general goods lithium battery, the custom such as Ni-MH battery is designed to complete hermetically-sealed construction, be finished and namely discard, product design and consumption idea have to be changed, therefore repair materials uses common lithium battery, Ni-MH batteries etc. are new research fields, along with the technology of power with high-powered lithium ferric phosphate battery design safety explosion-proof valve as lead accumulator occurs, ferric phosphate lithium cell also may utilize the additional reparation proprietary material of safety anti-explosive valve opening as lead accumulator, the storage battery of other kind in like manner.

Below the specific implementation process of each step in storage battery restorative procedure is illustrated.

As shown in Figure 3, described step 2) in the discharge process of storage battery to be repaired is specifically comprised:

Step 2-1), first this step sample with rated current intensity I _eelectric discharge 1%T _{nominal rating}minimum amount of voltage that V in time ₀₁and store recording, by V ₀₁with final voltage value V ₀compare, if V ₀₁> V ₀, with I _ebe discharged to V ₀, record T discharge time ₀, then perform next step; If battery discharging moment (in such as 1 second) V ₀₁﹦ V ₀, accurately record this discharge time values without Practical significance, record T ₀=0, then perform next step; To E≤V ₀situation, storage battery can not discharge, record discharge time values T ₀=0, then perform next step.

Step 2-2), at storage battery with electric current I _ebe discharged to V ₀in process, the magnitude of voltage (sampling time determines according to required precision) that continuous sampling is discharged in real time, calculates sample mean V according to sampled result ₀₂and store recording.

Step 2-3), by storage battery to be repaired at I _ebe discharged to V ₀time, suspend electric discharge and run T ₁time, the real-time voltage value V of record now unloaded bounce-back ₁, then terminate the operation of this stage discharge.

In this step, described T ₁during the electric discharge with storage battery of the interval of time, rate is relevant, has had corresponding explanation, no longer repeat herein in description before.

Serious lead accumulator is softened, only with I for the crystallization salinization of pole plate lead sulfate or active material _eintensity-discharge is to V ₀generally do not reach the charged basic emptying of pole plate, make deep reactive material fully contact the object of repair additive, therefore, as in a preferred embodiment, the step 2-3 described) after also comprise:

Step 2-4), to storage battery to be repaired with electric current I _edeep discharge is to V ₂, then the intensity of discharging current is successively decreased stage by stage, continues deep discharge to V ₂, V ₂≤ 80%V ₀/ mono-lattice.

In the present embodiment, described V ₂size for being less than or equal to 80%V ₀/ mono-lattice, in other embodiments, also can determine described V according to the size of storage battery to be repaired, classification ₂value, such as V ₂for 30%V ₀/ mono-lattice.

As shown in Figure 4, in the present embodiment, when carrying out deep discharge to storage battery to be repaired, the intensity sublevel of discharging current rule of successively decreasing is set to I=M ^ki _e, wherein M represents degradation factor, and the preferred M value of the present embodiment is 0.618, and positive integer K represents the exponent number that successively decreases; When storage battery carries out deep discharge, first stage rate of discharge is I _e, when storage battery both end voltage reaches V ₂after, rate of discharge starts the first rank and successively decreases, and K is 1, and rate of discharge drops to 0.618I _e(when discharging current reduction and load reduction the bounce-back of battery tension meeting nature), when battery discharging voltage reaches V again ₂time, rate of discharge starts successively decreasing of second-order, and now K becomes 2, and rate of discharge drops to 0.618 ²i _e=0.382I _ethe like, until the small area analysis that sets of the exponent number K(of setting) deep discharge is to V ₂.In other embodiments, the current strength of deep discharge also can adopt other modes to realize sublevel to successively decrease, as adopted 1/2I _edecile decreasing fashion, namely uses 1/2I continuously _e, 1/4I _e, 1/8I _edeep discharge is to V respectively ₂.Generally speaking, sublevel successively decreases deep discharge to V ₂last rank current strength preferably≤0.05C _nominal/ A.

As previously mentioned, to conventional lithium battery, conventional Ni-MH battery that existing ordinary skill manufactures, final voltage should not be carried out in repair process far below V ₀deep discharge (avoiding causing that because discharge voltage is too low electrode material easily decomposes or phase transformation), but, with restriction discharge voltage V ₀, rate of discharge sublevel successively decreases the technical scheme of " first emptying electricity ", for this kind of battery capacity reparation still highly significant.Such as manufacturer's custom lithium battery that misguides the consumer does not have memory effect, in fact just memory degree is slighter than Ni-MH battery, if the method for in use long-term discharge and recharge under half lotus to fullcharging state, seldom even do not carry out regular emptying electricity, lithium battery there will be memory effect equally, therefore the repair process of lithium battery that manufactures of ordinary skill, still should take rate of discharge sublevel to successively decrease first emptying electricity completely, the method that recharges, just can guarantee that capacity obtains better repairing effect.

With reference to figure 5, in described step 4), the charging process of lead accumulator to be repaired is specifically comprised:

Step 4-1), according to the discharge data V of battery to be repaired ₀₁, V ₁electromotive force E before value combines electric discharge chooses the current strength of initial charge, for E < V ₀, V ₀₁=V ₀or V ₁the storage battery to be repaired of the mono-lattice of > 2.05V/, preferably use≤0.06C/A carries out initial charge 0.5 ~ 4 hour or charges to the mono-lattice of both end voltage>=2.0V/ of storage battery, then shift step 4-2); The storage battery to be repaired of non-above-mentioned situation directly carries out step 4-2) charging;

Step 4-2), to storage battery to be repaired with 0.08 ~ 0.25C/A current charges, until be filled with the electricity of 70 ~ 95%C/Ah, then shift step 4-3); The mode that this step preferably adopts two or more stages to charge, different phase space changing is less than or equal to low current charge or the dormancy of 0.03C/A, or arranges shallow discharge;

Chloride plate lead sulfate crystallization salinization also has another kind of extreme case usually, and electromotive force E acts normally or higher, but is discharged to V ₀time value T ₀very little, often T ₀< 1%T _{nominal rating}even < 1S, and be discharged to V ₀adjoint bounce-back V ₁be worth very high, often the electromotive force E of the mono-lattice of > 2.05V/ even before convergence electric discharge, the lead accumulator of this type of situations all, in step 4-1) in preferably carry out initial charge with≤0.06C/A.

In step 4-2) in, described two or more stages charging can adopt the known conventional sublevel of battery industry to fall stream method, i.e. degression type constant current charge stage by stage, comprises and use positive/negative pulse current charge.When storage battery is filled close to fullcharging state, internal resistance can raise, and reduces by power, and unnecessary electric energy can be converted into thermal accumlation in internal storage battery, thus reduces charge in batteries efficiency, can damage storage battery when internal heat accumulation is too high.Charge volume needed for storage battery reparation is larger, more easily generate heat than conventional battery charging, in step 4-2) space changing low current charge or suspend charging certain hour (such as 0.2 ~ 1h), particularly shallow discharge (release battery section electric energy) is set, to eliminating internal storage battery pole plate interface electrolytical polarization concentration difference, eliminate the inner bubble that produces and accumulated heat, raising next stage charge efficiency has better effect.

When battery reparation charging arranges shallow discharge mid-term, surplus charge volume should the corresponding subduction electricity of releasing.For the storage battery (such as lead accumulator) of discharge off memory in routine techniques meaning, as residual capacity < 70%C _nominaltime to arrange the repairing effect of shallow discharge better the phase in charging; For residual capacity < 50%C _nominalstorage battery, charging arranges the repairing effect of the shallow discharge of more than twice mid-term can be better.It should be noted that, the I carried out before before described battery reparation charging _eelectric discharge is charged with battery reparation described herein and is arranged shallow discharge mid-term, and be two diverse operational phases, the former object is with I _ebe discharged to V ₀obtain required charging procedure related data.

Charging method repaired by battery of the present invention can make most of battery reach intrinsic capacity, but some battery is difficult to disposable charging reaches former design capacity, such as some standing times oversize, lead accumulator that plate active material is softening, should not when repairing primary charging amount too much (plate active material soften after crystallization restructuring be a progressive process, its corresponding charge volume method is at the V of aforementioned storage battery to be repaired ₀₁, V ₀₂, T ₀and V ₁automatically controlled etc. in the value setting relation that discharge data is determined jointly), in this situation, can after charging method be repaired by enforcement battery of the present invention, auxiliary select some routines stage by stage constant current behavior carry out second time charging, be such as aided with constant current supplementary 1.4 ~ 1.8C stage by stage _nominalcharge volume.When the present invention specifically implements, also can according to actual needs, increase storage battery reparation afterwards automatically/manually restart the function of spark gap inspection capacity, preferred version is the known constant current I of industry _ebe discharged to V ₀check discharge time, to promote practical value of the invention process.

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, accumulator repairing system of the present invention and restorative procedure thereof are described.

Embodiment 1

In one embodiment, be repair for the 6DZM12 lead accumulator realization of electric bicycle.

The present embodiment comprises database 1, charge and discharge control equipment 7, discharge equipment 2 and charging device 3; Wherein charging device 3 and discharge equipment 2 are connected respectively to the positive and negative end of storage battery 6 outside to be repaired, and charging device 3 and discharge equipment 2 are also connected respectively on charge and discharge control equipment 7, and control appliance 7 is connected to described database 1 by data wire; The instruction that discharge equipment 2 sends according to described charge and discharge control equipment 7 carries out discharge operation to storage battery 6, and returns corresponding data to charging/discharging apparatus 7

According to the condition (12V12Ah, 2h discharge rate, mark rule rate of discharge 6A, mark rule final discharging voltage 10.50V) that 6DZM12 indicates, the data set by discharge equipment 2 are V ₀=10.50V, V ₂=3.0V.The discharge process that discharge equipment 2 realizes comprises: discharge equipment 2 is that storage battery to be repaired is discharged to 10.50V with 6A, and in this discharge process, charge and discharge control equipment 7 is per second, and sampling should be carried out reads out the minimum amount of voltage that V in 72 seconds ₀₁store, real-time voltage value that sampling should be carried out in every 15 seconds is afterwards kept in, and calculates average voltage level V until battery discharging to during 10.50V ₀₂, store T discharge time being discharged to 10.50V simultaneously ₀value; Discharge equipment 2 dormancy is after 70 seconds, and charge and discharge control equipment 7 continues to read the storage battery bounce voltage value V of unloaded 71st second ₁.

After the process being discharged to 10.50V terminates, charge and discharge control equipment 7 is discharged to the data of 10.50V feedback with rated current 6A to storage battery 6 to be repaired according to discharge equipment 2, and before drawing electric discharge, electromotive force E value is 12.96V, V ₀₁value is 12.23V, V ₀₂value is 11.92V, is discharged to the time T of 10.50V ₀value is 56.6 minutes, is discharged to the 10.50V dormancy unloaded bounce voltage value V of the 71st second ₁for 11.89V, judge that dominant failure mode is as pole plate lead sulfate crystallization salinization, automatic pause runs, and the dominant failure mode of data or judgement is shown, so that the dilute sulfuric acid that the preferred additional sulfuration resistant material of operator and density are 1.20 mixes add inside battery, addition is shown in liquid level to the top of inside battery pole group.

Then, by the mode manually restarting or set the operation suspension time, make discharge equipment 2 under the control of charge and discharge control equipment 7 respectively with the current strength of 6A, 3A, 1.5A, 0.75A stage by stage continuous discharge to 3.0V; After having discharged, dormancy enters charging procedure in 30 minutes.

Charge and discharge control equipment 7 is according to the above-mentioned V being discharged to 10.50V process ₀₁, V ₀₂, T ₀, V ₁data, automatically set m(1.1 ~ 1.3 in database 1) get intermediate value 1.2; Because of the bounce voltage value V of unloaded 71st second ₁for 11.89V, n choose, though V in (2.9 ~ 3.5) scope ₁the mono-lattice of < 2.0V/ are but close to the mono-lattice of 2.0V/, charge and discharge control equipment 7 extracts the experience limit value 3.0 on the lower side of n in database 1 automatically, made comparisons by the data stored with database 1, the reparation charge volume of this 6DZM12 battery of automatically providing and delivering out is: C(Ah)=﹝ m ﹢ n(1-T ₀/ T _{nominal rating}) ﹞ C _nominal=﹝ 1.2 ﹢ 3.0(1-56.6/120) ﹞ C _nominal=2.785C _nominal=2.785 × 12Ah=33.42Ah.Again because of V ₁for 11.89V, initial low current charge need not be set, charge and discharge control equipment 7 after this 6DZM12 battery completes deep discharge the 16th minute, the routine 3 ladder charge data that automatic selection database 1 stores is: 2.0A charging 8h, 1.2A charging 10h, 0.6A charging 9h, charge volume 33.4Ah repaired by meter, 27h consuming time altogether, charging device 3 realizes the charging procedure to this storage battery to be repaired according to above-mentioned charge data.

Accompanying drawing 6 has marked the reparation charging I/T curve relevant with the present embodiment, the 6DZM12 battery of the present embodiment is after deep discharge and conventional three grading current diminishing method charging 33.4Ah, discharge capacity can reach the technology expectation effect of more than 10Ah first, can reach nominal capacity after general recharging.

Embodiment 2

In another embodiment, also carry out remote repairing to the 6DZM12 described in embodiment 1 is storage battery dedicated, the present embodiment stage is before charging identical with embodiment 1, but in the process of charging reparation, the optimization charging modes that automatic optional database 1 stores.Specifically, charge and discharge control equipment 7 after 6DZM12 battery completes deep discharge the 31st minute, optimization level 5 ladder " accurate two the fill one puts " charging method that optional database 1 stores, the data relevant with this charging method comprise: 2.0A 6h, 1.2A 8h, 1.2A charge 8h, 0.6A of 2h, 1.2A that discharge that charge that charge charges 8h, amount to and repair surplus charge volume 33.6Ah, 32h consuming time.

Accompanying drawing 7 is the reparation charging I/T curve relevant with the present embodiment, adopt 5 ladders " accurate two fill one puts " method to storage battery 6 is surplus be filled with 33.6Ah electricity after, the 6A discharge capacity of the 6DZM12 battery of the present embodiment generally disposablely can reach the technology expectation effect of nominal 12Ah.

The present embodiment is on the basis of embodiment 1, also add the function of the automatic discharging size of test after storage battery reparation, charge and discharge control equipment 7 controls charging device 3 and terminates 1 hour at charging procedure, continue controlled discharge equipment 2 and be discharged to 10.50V with constant current 6A, record shows discharge time, makes storage battery repair capacity very clear.

Embodiment 3

Needing needs storage battery being strengthened to charge volume winter for northern area, In yet another embodiment, when repairing the storage battery described in embodiment 1, needing strengthening to repair charge volume.When repairing storage battery, deep discharge process is constant, but when charging, the size calculating parameter m set by charge volume is 1.3, and the reparation charge volume that this 6DZM12 battery to carry out when strengthening charging at northern area winter is: C(Ah)=﹝ m ﹢ n(1-T ₀/ T _{nominal rating}) ﹞ C _nominal=﹝ 1.3 ﹢ 3.0(1-56.6/120) ﹞ C _nominal=2.885C _nominal, for charging device 3 is provided and delivered the repair mode of C=2.885 × 12Ah=34.63Ah charge volume.

After described 6DZM12 battery completes deep discharge the 16th minute, charge and discharge control equipment 7 is automatically for the charging modes in eight stages " accurate three fill two puts " that database 1 stores chosen by charging device 3, related data is: 2.0A charging 6h, 1.2A charging 8h, 1.2A electric discharge 2h, 1.2A charging 6h, intermittently (dormancy) 0.5h, 1.2A electric discharge 1h, 1.2A charging 4h, 0.6A charging 8h, amount to and repair surplus charge volume 34.8Ah, repair 35.5h consuming time.

Accompanying drawing 8 is the reparation charging I/T curve relevant with the present embodiment.The present embodiment is by changing m value 1.3, enhance reparation charge volume, adapt to northern area and repair charging (storage battery is filled ability and declines with temperature and reduce) winter, eight stages of adopting " accurate two fill one puts " method to storage battery 6 is surplus be filled with 35.40Ah electricity after, 6A discharge capacity generally disposablely can reach the technology expectation effect of nominal 12Ah.

Embodiment 4

For being usually used in the 3D180 lead accumulator realization reparation of low-speed electronic tricycle, carriage.

According to the condition (6V180Ah, 5h discharge rate, mark rule rate of discharge 36A, mark rule final discharging voltage 5.25V) that 3D180 indicates, the data set by discharge equipment 2 are V ₀=5.25V, V ₂=1.5V.The discharge process that discharge equipment 2 realizes comprises: discharge equipment 2 is that storage battery to be repaired is discharged to 5.25V with 36A, and in this discharge process, charge and discharge control equipment 7 is per second, and sampling should be carried out reads out the minimum amount of voltage that V of sampling in 180 seconds ₀₁store, real-time voltage value that sampling should be carried out in every 30 seconds is afterwards kept in, and calculates average voltage level V until battery discharging to during 5.25V ₀₂, store the time value T being discharged to 5.25V simultaneously ₀; Discharge equipment 2 dormancy is after 5 minutes, and charge and discharge control equipment 7 continues to read the storage battery bounce voltage value V of unloaded 301st second ₁.

After discharge process terminates, charge and discharge control equipment 7 is discharged to the data of 5.25V feedback with rated current 36A to storage battery 6 to be repaired according to discharge equipment 2, before drawing the electric discharge of this storage battery, electromotive force (open-circuit voltage values) E is 6.82V, V ₀₁value is 6.31V, V ₀₂value is 6.09V, T ₀value is 91 minutes, V ₁for 6.21V, judge that dominant failure mode seriously softens as plate active material, automatic pause runs, and the dominant failure mode of data or judgement is shown, so that the dilute sulfuric acid that operator's additional pole plate die bond material and density are 1.08 mixes add inside battery, addition is shown in normal level of liquid to the top of inside battery pole group.

Then, by the mode manually restarting or set the operation suspension time, make discharge equipment 2 under the control of charge and discharge control equipment 7 respectively with the current strength of 22A, 14A, 8.5A, 5A stage by stage continuous discharge to 1.5V; After having discharged, dormancy enters charging in 20 minutes.

Charge and discharge control equipment 7 is according to the above-mentioned T being discharged to 5.25V ₀, V ₀₁, V ₀₂, V ₁data, in database 1, setting m gets (1.1 ~ 1.3) intermediate value 1.2, because meeting V simultaneously automatically ₀₁the mono-lattice of value > 2.10V/, V ₀₂be worth the mono-glazing bar part of > 2.02V/ and V ₁the mono-lattice of > 2.05V/, n gets intermediate value 1.15 in (1.0 ~ 1.3) scope, and made comparisons by the data stored with database 1, the reparation charge volume of this 6DZM12 battery of automatically providing and delivering out is: C(Ah)=﹝ m ﹢ n(1-T ₀/ T _{nominal rating}) ﹞ C _nominal=﹝ 1.2 ﹢ 1.15(1 ﹣ 91/300) ﹞ C _nominal=2.00C _nominal=2.00 × 180Ah=360Ah.Again because of V ₁for 6.21V, initial low current charge is preferably set, charge and discharge control equipment 7 after this 3D180 battery completes deep discharge the 21st minute, the routine 3 ladder charge data that automatic selection database 1 stores is: 9A charging 3h, 18A charging 12h, 9A charging 13h, charge volume 360Ah repaired by meter, 28h consuming time altogether, charging device 3 realizes the charging procedure to this storage battery to be repaired according to above-mentioned charge data.

Accompanying drawing 9 has marked the relevant reparation charging I/T curve of the present embodiment.

Embodiment 5

Method of the present invention is also applicable to the Large Copacity lead accumulator of communication station.In yet another embodiment, the 2V Large Copacity GFM500Ah storage battery that communication station is common is repaired.

According to the condition of communication station UPS battery industry, GFM storage battery mark rule 10h discharge rate, 500Ah storage battery mark rule rate of discharge is 50A, and conventional discharge final voltage is 1.80V, and the data set by discharge equipment 2 are V ₀=1.80V, V ₂=0.50V.In discharge process, discharge equipment 2 according to program setting is: the minimum amount of voltage that V got in 360 seconds with 50A electric discharge sampling storage battery ₀₁with the time T being discharged to 1.80V ₀value, goes out the average voltage level V of battery discharging to 1.80V according to program computation ₀₂store, return to charge and discharge control equipment 7, then the real-time voltage value V of storage battery zero load bounce-back is read in dormancy for 10 minutes again ₁, then automatic pause runs, and treats manually to restart or after the operation suspension time of setting, make discharge equipment 2 under the control of charge and discharge control equipment 7 respectively with the current strength continuous discharge of 50A, 30A, 10A to 0.50V, dormancy recharged after 20 minutes.

The data that charge and discharge control equipment 7 is discharged to 1.80V feedback according to discharge equipment 2 pairs of storage batterys 6 with rated current 50A, draw V ₀₁=V ₀, V ₀₂=V ₀, discharge time T ₀value < 1S(records T ₀=0), the dormancy unloaded bounce voltage value V of 10 minutes ₁for 2.09V, judge that dominant failure mode is as the complete crystallization salinization of pole plate lead sulfate accordingly, automatic pause runs, and the dominant failure mode of data or judgement is shown, so that the dilute sulfuric acid of the additional sulfuration resistant material of operator and 1.15 density is mixed add inside battery, addition is shown in liquid level to the top of inside battery pole group.

Charge and discharge control equipment 7 is according to the above-mentioned T being discharged to 1.80V ₀, V ₀₁, V ₀₂, V ₁data, in database 1, automatic setup parameter m is that (1.1 ~ 1.3) interval higher limit 1.3, n is automatically made (2.9 ~ 3.5) interval intermediate value 3.2.Charge and discharge control equipment 7 is made comparisons by the data stored with database 1, and the reparation charge volume of this 2V500Ah battery of automatically providing and delivering out is: C(Ah)=﹝ m ﹢ n(1-T ₀/ T _{nominal rating}) ﹞ C _nominal=﹝ 1.3 ﹢ 3.2(1-0)/600 ﹞ C _nominal=4.5C _nominal, for charging device 3 is provided and delivered C=4.5C automatically _nominal(Ah) instruction of=4.5 × 500Ah=2250Ah charge volume.

In charging repair procedure is selected, because V ₀₁=V ₀, T ₀< 1S and V ₁for 2.09V, charge and discharge control equipment 7 selects small area analysis initiation of charge at database 1 automatically, charge and discharge control equipment 7 completes deep discharge program the 21st minute at this battery, from database 1, selected for ten stages 8 filled 2 put the relevant data of repair mode and instruction: 25A 2h, 100A 6h, 50A 6h, 50A 1h, 100A 4h, intermittently (dormancy) 0.5h, 100A 2h, 50A 8h, 50A charge 5h, 25A of 2h, 50A that discharge that charge that charge that charge that discharge that charge that charge that charge and to charge 8h, amount to and repair surplus charge volume 2250Ah, repair 44.5h consuming time.

Mark the I/T curve of the relevant reparation charge volume 2250Ah of the present embodiment in Fig. 10.

Embodiment 6

Charging/discharging thereof of the present invention is equally applicable to lithium ion battery.In the present embodiment, Large Copacity 2V120Ah lithium iron phosphate battery module used for electric vehicle is repaired.

The general electromotive force 3.6V of ferric phosphate lithium cell, the general nominal voltage 3.2 ~ 3.3V of manufacturer, electric automobile lithium battery industry mark rule 3h discharge rate, 120Ah storage battery mark rule rate of discharge is 40A, conventional discharge final voltage V ₀be 2.75 ~ 2.90V.The data of the present embodiment set by discharge equipment 2 are V ₀=2.90V, V ₂=2.50V.In discharge process, discharge equipment 2 gets the minimum amount of voltage that V of the 41st second with 40A electric discharge sampling to this ferric phosphate lithium cell according to program ₀₁with T discharge time being discharged to 2.90V ₀value, returns to charge and discharge control equipment 7, and then the real-time voltage value V of storage battery zero load bounce-back is read in dormancy for 10 minutes again ₁, then respectively with the current strength continuous discharge of 40A, 20A, 10A, 5A to 2.50V, dormancy recharged after 15 minutes.

Though it is non-explosive that the ferric phosphate lithium cell of routine techniques manufacture exceeds pressure limiting overcharge, but be only the lithium ion battery of other kind relatively, therefore the present embodiment reparation charging adopts the current-limiting charge mode of mark rule constant voltage, be set to charge to this ferric phosphate lithium cell constant voltage 4.2V current limliting 18A, when under the restrictive condition in constant voltage, charging current naturally drops to and is less than 1.2A or charging interval and reaches 24 hours and be considered as being full of.In the present embodiment, repairing charge volume and repairing consuming time is determined by this ferric phosphate lithium cell internal state, is automatically selected by inside state of being filled.Mark the V/T curve of the reparation charging relevant with the present embodiment in fig. 11.

It is more than the explanation to storage battery restorative procedure of the present invention.Said method not only may be used for the reparation of single storage battery, also can repair the batteries be made up of multiple storage battery.When repairing batteries, as the preferred implementation of one, when carrying out discharge operation, by each battery discharge in batteries to same benchmark, then show T by numerous through deep discharge ₀and V ₁battery strings is roughly the same unified into one group of charging, has greater advantage like this to the control of repairing quality consistency, product combo, raising remediation efficiency.

To the average expert personage that lead accumulator method of manufacturing technology is slightly understood in depth, be all not difficult on technical solutions according to the invention basis, be out of shape with drawing inferences about other cases from one instance and implement content of the present invention.Technical solutions according to the invention, are not only applicable to electric bicycle and batteries of electric automobile reparation, are equally applicable to the storage battery of communication station UPS storage battery, wind energy and solar energy storage storage battery and other kind; Of the present invention with discharge characteristic data T ₀and V ₀₁, V ₀₂, V ₁the basic technical scheme of deep discharge repaired by the quantitative charging method of corresponding design, battery, and the technology distortion that the present invention program derives is implemented, and all should be put into protection scope of the present invention.

Apparatus and method of the present invention, except the reparation that may be used for lead accumulator, also can be used for polytype battery such as such as lithium battery, Ni-MH battery etc., and its Method And Principle is not only confined to lead accumulator, described with I _ebe discharged to final voltage V ₀the initial 1%T of sampling _{nominal rating}the minimum amount of voltage that V of time ₀₁, be discharged to final voltage V ₀time T ₀, electric discharge average voltage level V ₀₂and be discharged to V ₀rear no-load running T ₁time real-time voltage value V ₁etc. concept, all can use according to dissimilar cell translation concept, only the value of dissimilar battery is different.

It should be noted last that, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted.Although with reference to embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, modify to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, do not depart from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.

Claims

1. an accumulator repairing system, is characterized in that, comprises database (1), charge and discharge control equipment (7), discharge equipment (2) and charging device (3); Wherein, described charging device (3) and discharge equipment (2) outside are connected to the positive and negative end of storage battery (6) to be repaired, inside is connected respectively on described charge and discharge control equipment (7), and described charge and discharge control equipment (7) is connected to described database (1);

The instruction that described discharge equipment (2) sends according to described charge and discharge control equipment (7) carries out discharge operation to described storage battery (6), and returns corresponding data to described charging/discharging apparatus (7); Described data comprise: described storage battery (6) is to mark rule rated current I _edischarge initial 1%T _{nominal rating}sampled in time the minimum amount of voltage that V obtained ₀₁, be discharged to mark rule final voltage V ₀time value T ₀with average voltage level V ₀₂, and electric discharge suspends T ₁the real-time voltage value V of time feedbacking ₁; Wherein, described T ₁value is 0.5 ~ 5%T _{nominal rating};

The instruction that described charging device (3) sends according to described charge and discharge control equipment (7) carries out charging operations to described storage battery (6), and described charging operations comprises and is filled with the electricity of specifying to described storage battery (6);

Described charge and discharge control equipment (7) is according to the V of feedback ₀₁, V ₀₂, T ₀and V ₁value reads the corresponding relation between reparation charge volume C stored in itself and described database (1), select repair mode according to this corresponding relation, the order corresponding to selected repair mode is read from described database (1) and passed through described charge and discharge control equipment (7) be sent to described charging device (3); Described reparation charge volume C and described T ₀corresponding relation be C=﹝ m ﹢ n (1-T ₀/ T _{nominal rating}) ﹞ C _nominal; Wherein, m=1.1 ~ 1.3; N=1.0 ~ 3.5, n span is by V ₀₁, V ₀₂and V ₁value jointly determine;

2., based on the storage battery restorative procedure that accumulator repairing system according to claim 1 realizes, comprising:

Step 1), be that storage battery to be repaired is full of electricity in constant voltage and current limiting mode, then leave standstill, time of repose is greater than 10 minutes;

Step 4), according to step 2) data that obtain and step 3) data of reparation charge volume C that obtain charge stage by stage, realize the reparation to storage battery.

3. storage battery restorative procedure according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, step 2 described) after, step 4) before, also comprising step a): according to step 2) data that obtain determine the failure mode of storage battery to be repaired, be that storage battery adds repair materials according to different failure modes, and supply electrolyte for storage battery.

4. storage battery restorative procedure according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described step a) in, described is that described lead accumulator to be repaired adds repair materials and comprises according to different failure modes:

Step a-1), meet the mono-lattice of E≤2.15V/, V when storage battery to be repaired ₀₁the mono-lattice of≤2.05V/, V ₀₂the mono-lattice of≤1.99V/, V ₁during in the mono-lattice of≤2.00V/ four features at least two, perform step a-2); When storage battery to be repaired meets the mono-lattice of E > 2.23V/, V ₀₁the mono-lattice of > 2.10V/, V ₀₂the mono-lattice of > 2.02V/, V ₁during in the mono-lattice of > 2.05V/ four features at least two, perform step a-3); Non-above-mentioned two states performance, performs step a-4);

5. storage battery restorative procedure according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described step 2) comprising:

Step 2-1), sample with rated current intensity I _eelectric discharge 1%T _{nominal rating}minimum amount of voltage that V in time ₀₁and store recording, by V ₀₁final voltage value V is advised with mark ₀compare, if V ₀₁> V ₀, with rated current intensity I _ebe discharged to V ₀, record T discharge time ₀; If E < is V ₀or V ₀₁﹦ V ₀, then discharge time values T is recorded ₀=0;

Step 2-2), at storage battery with electric current I _ebe discharged to V ₀in process, the magnitude of voltage that continuous sampling is discharged in real time, calculates sample mean V according to sampled result ₀₂and store recording;

Step 2-3), by storage battery to be repaired with I _ecurrent strength is discharged to V ₀time, unloaded T ₁time, record the real-time voltage value V now rebounded ₁;

Step 2-4), to storage battery deep discharge to be repaired to V ₂, then the intensity of discharging current is successively decreased stage by stage and is continued deep discharge to V ₂, V ₂≤ 80%V ₀/ mono-lattice; Wherein, the intensity of described discharging current is successively decreased stage by stage and is comprised: I _e1/2 decile of current strength successively decreases, or successively decreases with arbitrary form, and the exponent number that successively decreases arranges more than 1 rank.

6. the storage battery restorative procedure according to Claims 2 or 3, is characterized in that: described step 3) reparation charge volume C, with described T ₀corresponding relation be C=﹝ m ﹢ n (1-T ₀/ T _{nominal rating}) ﹞ C _nominal; Wherein m=1.1 ~ 1.3, n=1.0 ~ 3.5, the span of n according to storage battery kind to be repaired in conjunction with V ₀₁, V ₀₂, V ₁value interval and determine; Lead accumulator is comprised:

I, storage battery to be repaired meet V ₀₁the mono-lattice of≤2.05V/, V ₀₂during≤1.99V/ mono-any one of lattice feature, n value 2.5 ~ 3.5: wherein V ₁n value 2.9 ~ 3.5, V during < 2.0V/ mono-lattice ₁n value 2.5 ~ 2.9 during>=2.0V/ mono-lattice;

Ii, storage battery to be repaired meet V ₀₁the mono-lattice of > 2.10V/, V ₀₂during > 2.02V/ mono-any one of lattice feature, n value 1.0 ~ 1.8: wherein, V ₁n value 1.0 ~ 1.3, V during>=2.05V/ mono-lattice ₁n value 1.3 ~ 1.8 during < 2.05V/ mono-lattice;

When iii, non-above-mentioned two quasi-representative status and appearance, n value 1.8 ~ 2.5.

7. storage battery restorative procedure according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described step 4) lead accumulator is comprised:

Step 4-1), according to the discharge data V of storage battery to be repaired ₀₁, V ₁electromotive force E before value combines electric discharge chooses the current strength of initial charge, for E < V ₀, V ₀₁﹦ V ₀or V ₁the storage battery to be repaired of the mono-lattice of>=2.05V/, adopts charging current≤0.06C/A to carry out initial charge 0.5 ~ 4 hour or charge to the mono-lattice of both end voltage>=2.0V/ of storage battery, then shift step 4-2); The storage battery to be repaired of non-above-mentioned situation directly carries out step 4-2) charging;

Step 4-2), to storage battery to be repaired preferably with 0.08 ~ 0.25C/A current charges, until be filled with the charge volume of 70 ~ 95%C/Ah, then shift step 4-3);

Step 4-3), to storage battery to be repaired continue with 0.03 ~ 0.06C/A low current charge, until be filled with by V ₀₁, V ₀₂, T ₀, V ₁the C/Ah charge volume jointly determined, makes storage battery recover normal capacity.

8. storage battery restorative procedure according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, the step 4-2 described) in, described charging process is divided into the two or more stage, between different phase, space changing is less than or equal to low current charge or the dormancy of 0.03C/A, or arranges shallow discharge.

9. storage battery restorative procedure according to claim 8, is characterized in that, the shallow discharge in described charging process is arranged once, the current strength≤I of shallow discharge _e, discharge electricity amount≤0.5C/Ah; When arranging shallow discharge, this negative charge volume supplements back at after-stage charging moderate, described by C=﹝ m ﹢ n (1-T ₀/ T _{nominal rating}) ﹞ C _nominalthe reparation charge volume determined is constant.