CN103440042A - Virtual keyboard based on sound localization technology - Google Patents

Virtual keyboard based on sound localization technology Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103440042A
CN103440042A CN2013103734676A CN201310373467A CN103440042A CN 103440042 A CN103440042 A CN 103440042A CN 2013103734676 A CN2013103734676 A CN 2013103734676A CN 201310373467 A CN201310373467 A CN 201310373467A CN 103440042 A CN103440042 A CN 103440042A
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keyboard
equipment
nucleus equipment
dummy keyboard
plane
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CN103440042B (en
Inventor
李一博
罗灵
孙晓菡
赵颖
唐建功
霍红伟
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Tianjin University
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Tianjin University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a virtual keyboard based on a sound localization technology. Core equipment is placed in a preset plane and makes contact with the preset plane; all sound sensors are in the same plane but are not on the same straight line, and certain gaps are arranged between the sound sensors; a region sensed by the sound sensors is the region of a keyboard; knocked points are positioned by the core equipment through a plurality of paths of digital signals to acquire the positions of the knocked points; two position points serve as keys on vertex angles of the keyboard, the keys are extended to determine the whole keyboard model and calibrate the keyboard model, and the virtual keyboard controlled by sounds is formed in the preset plane. The virtual keyboard based on the sound localization technology enlarges the area of keys, reduces the size of portable equipment, is small in energy consumption and low in cost, can be widely applied to flat plate type PCs, laptops and keyboards for the disabled or industrial environments, clean rooms and sterile and medical environments, and can be applied to test equipment, aviation transport equipment, railway transport equipment and the like.

Description

A kind of dummy keyboard based on the acoustic fix ranging technology
Technical field
The present invention relates to the dummy keyboard field, particularly a kind of dummy keyboard based on the acoustic fix ranging technology.
Background technology
Dummy keyboard can solve the portable equipments such as mobile phone or panel computer and cause unhandy problem because keyboard is too small, and can reach the purpose of dwindling the portable equipment volume.
Existing dummy keyboard is for being generally laser virtual keyboard and touching dummy keyboard, and wherein laser virtual keyboard adopts the light projection technology, almost can on arbitrary plane, projection go out full-scale computor-keyboard.Applicability technology by dummy keyboard is studied user's finger motion, realizes decoding and record to the keyboard stroke.
But, because projection display technique is limit, easily being subject to the interference of external environment light, under too bright environment, can't work.While using laser virtual keyboard, need bottom opaque, not reflective by force.The working range of its bottom receiver is fixed, and no matter is the bottom of padded laser virtual keyboard, still changes the elevation angle of laser virtual keyboard, all can cause dummy keyboard to work.And this technology energy consumption is large, and cost is high, is unfavorable for popularizing.
The touch dummy keyboard generally includes: mobile telephone virtual keyboard and panel computer dummy keyboard etc., used the dummy keyboard on touch-screen as true keyboard, thereby reduced volume and the cost of product.
But, touching the restriction that dummy keyboard is subject to screen size in practical application, the button area is less, the problem of input error often occurs, is not easy to practical operation; And dummy keyboard occupies more touch-screen, when the content in text message or pictorial information is more, there will be the information content more completely not show.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of dummy keyboard based on the acoustic fix ranging technology, the present invention has reduced power consumption and the cost of dummy keyboard, has increased the display area of screen, improves user's experience, described below:
A kind of dummy keyboard based on the acoustic fix ranging technology comprises: nucleus equipment, be provided with at least three sonic transducers in described nucleus equipment,
Described nucleus equipment is placed in default plane, and contacts with default plane; Described sonic transducer is in same plane, and there is each other a determining deviation in all described sonic transducers not on same straight line; The zone that described sonic transducer is sensed is keyboard area;
Described nucleus equipment positions beating point by multiply digital signals, obtains the beating point position; Described nucleus equipment is chosen at least 2 location points and is knocked continuously, key using 2 location points as the keyboard drift angle, and button is expanded and determined whole keyboard model, the demarcation of realization to described keyboard model, form the dummy keyboard that utilizes Sound control on described default plane, the key value that described nucleus equipment is corresponding by beating point is imported keyboard buffer into, realizes keypad function.
Described nucleus equipment comprises: the signal gathering unit, signal condition unit, A/D converter and the CPU (central processing unit) that are electrically connected to successively, all sonic transducer synchronous acquisitions knock produced voice signal at described keyboard area, described signal gathering unit gathers the waveform of each road voice signal in default sample frequency scope, and imports described signal condition unit into; The waveform of Dui Ge road, described signal condition unit voice signal carries out translation and amplification, and the signal after according to the noise frequency range, translation being amplified carries out filtering, obtain multichannel analog signals, and convert described multiply digital signals to by described A/D converter, and transfer to described CPU (central processing unit).
Described default plane is the plane of setting up dummy keyboard.The plane that described default plane is any materials.
Described nucleus equipment is portable equipment, mini-plant, is applicable to the equipment of particular surroundings and is not easy to realize the instrument and equipment that full size keyboard operates.
When the biased button of the benchmark from the keyboard model of hand, described nucleus equipment is demarcated again to described keyboard model.
Described keyboard model is display button not.
Described nucleus equipment positions beating point by multiply digital signals, obtaining the beating point position is specially: every two sonic transducers of take are determined a hyperbolic curve as focus, focal point F 1, F2 mean respectively two sonic transducers, mean that apart from 2a sound source divides the range difference that is clipped to two sonic transducers between hyperbolic curve two summits, two sonic transducer spacings are 2c, the position that obtains beating point by the simultaneous Hyperbolic Equation.
Described nucleus equipment positions beating point by multiply digital signals, obtaining the beating point position is specially: the center O (0 of sonic transducer institute region, 0) be reference point, the straight line at reference point and arbitrary sonic transducer line place is defined as to datum line, a sonic transducer of getting on datum line is defined as the reference sound intensity sensor, that railway digital signal that the reference sound intensity sensor is corresponding is the benchmark digital signal, and the angle of other sonic transducers and reference sensor is γ i, the aperture of sonic transducer institute region is a/2, and the velocity of sound is c, and the line of beating point and reference point and the angle of datum line are Δ θ, the position that obtains beating point by the simultaneous straight-line equation.
The beneficial effect of technical scheme provided by the invention is: the present invention, on the basis of realizing the conventional keyboard function, has enlarged the button area, has dwindled the portable equipment volume, and it is little to consume energy, and cost is low.Can be widely used in flat PC, notebook computer, physical disabilities' keyboard; Or be applied in industrial environment, toilet, aseptic and medical environment; And be applied on the transportation equipments such as testing apparatus, air rail.
The accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation that Fig. 1 is a kind of dummy keyboard based on the acoustic fix ranging technology;
The work schematic diagram that Fig. 2 is dummy keyboard;
The schematic diagram that Fig. 3 is the present invention's sodar time difference method used principle;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that the present invention's wave beam used forms principle;
Fig. 5 energy and angle concern schematic diagram;
The process flow diagram that Fig. 6 is the invention process correction operation.
In accompanying drawing, being listed as follows of each parts:
1: nucleus equipment; 11: signal gathering unit;
12: the signal condition unit; The 13:A/D converter;
14: CPU (central processing unit); 15: sonic transducer.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment of the present invention is described further in detail.
For power consumption and the cost that reduces dummy keyboard, increased the display area of screen, improve user's experience, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of dummy keyboard based on the acoustic fix ranging technology, referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, described below:
Dummy keyboard based on the acoustic fix ranging technology, comprise: nucleus equipment 1, be provided with signal gathering unit 11, signal condition unit 12, A/D converter 13, CPU (central processing unit) 14 and at least three sonic transducers 15 in nucleus equipment 1, sonic transducer 15 is in same plane, and all sonic transducers 15 are not on same straight line, there is each other a determining deviation, for example: 1cm.
During use, nucleus equipment 1 is placed in default plane, and contacts with default plane.Default plane is the plane of setting up dummy keyboard, knocks plane, and the zone that sonic transducer 15 is sensed is keyboard area, and the size of keyboard area needs to hold a QWERTY keyboard that desktop computer is with or QWERTY keyboard that notebook computer is with as required.
In practical application, default plane can be the plane of any materials, such as: desktop, metope or ground etc.
Wherein, QWERTY keyboard generally includes: a keypad keyboard and two keypad keyboards etc., and the size of keyboard etc. is conventionally known to one of skill in the art, during specific implementation, according to the needs in practical application, is selected, the embodiment of the present invention does not limit this.
During specific implementation, nucleus equipment 1 can be (high temperature, radiation is stronger or seriously polluted etc.) under particular surroundings or the less instrument and equipment that is not easy to realize the full size keyboard operation of screen, such as: mobile phone, panel computer etc. can be realized the device of function of the present invention, and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit this.
According to the difference of working condition, before each initialization dummy keyboard, all need to carry out context initialization.Utilize acoustic emission (Acousticemission is called for short AE) technology to carry out context initialization, determine the neighbourhood noise frequency range.Acoustic emission claims again stress wave emission, is that the stressed effect of material or parts produces distortion, fracture, or internal stress surpasses yield limit and enter irreversible plastic period, discharges the phenomenon of strain energy with the Elastic wave form.This elastic wave exists with the sound wave form, and frequency range is very wide comprises that several hertz to the number megahertzes, if energy is enough large, and frequency concentrates in the sound frequency range, can be heard by people's ear.Many reasons can produce acoustic emission, as material crack, fracture, stress reallocation, shock and friction etc.Finally propagate the surface that arrives material from the elastic wave of acoustic emission source emission, cause the surface displacement that can survey with calibrate AE sensor, these detectors are converted to electric signal by the mechanical vibration of material, and then be exaggerated, processing and record.By to resulting data analysis, finally reach following purpose: the position of 1. determining acoustic emission source; 2. analyze the character of acoustic emission source; 3. determine time or the load that acoustic emission occurs; 4. evaluate the seriousness of acoustic emission source.
Optional one or more sonic transducer 15 gather in a period of times (in 1s, concrete acquisition time is set according to the needs in practical application) ambient sound transmits and carries out the data processing, determine that the noise frequency range is (when sonic transducer while being a plurality of, using the mean value of a plurality of noise frequency ranges as the noise frequency range), in order to use subsequently filtering circuit to carry out filtering to noise.
All sonic transducer synchronous acquisitions knock produced voice signal at keyboard area, obtain each road voice signal, signal gathering unit 11 in default sample frequency scope, (take 1MHz and describe as example by the embodiment of the present invention, to guarantee required positioning precision, during specific implementation, this is not limited) gather the waveform of each road voice signal, the waveform input signal conditioning unit 12 of Jiang Ge road voice signal, in order to further analyze.
The waveform of 12Dui Ge road, signal condition unit voice signal carries out translation and amplification, and the signal after according to the noise frequency range, translation being amplified carries out filtering, obtains multichannel analog signals, and converts multiply digital signals to by A/D converter 13.
Be that discharge circuit in signal condition unit 12 is removed and collected the DC component of Ge road voice signal, and it is carried out to the translation amplification, can be received by A/D converter 13 with the signal after guaranteeing to process.For example, the range of an A/D converter is 0～5V, and the amplitude that receives sound signal waveform is 6V～6.005V, and needing this voice signal translation is 2.4975～2.505V, then amplifies 1000 times, makes it become 0～5V.Signal after filtering circuit in signal condition unit 12 amplifies translation carries out filtering.The noise frequency range of determining in the filtering environmental initialization procedure, eliminate the noise signal comprised in acoustical signal, obtains the multichannel analog signals of follow-up use, and convert multiply digital signals to by A/D converter 13.
This method positions beating point according to the acoustic fix ranging technology, such as: adopt steerable beam based on peak power output to form technology, based on the High-Resolution Spectral Estimation technology with based on sodar mistiming technology etc., beating point is positioned, this method be take sodar time difference method principle as example describes, and is specially:
(1) selected characteristic value.
Method one: use cross-correlation method, by the waveform of each railway digital signal relatively, directly obtain the mistiming Δ T that sonic transducer in twos receives voice signal.
Method two: with getting threshold method, determine that each sonic transducer receives the time t of voice signal, the time t that sonic transducer receives voice signal in twos subtracts each other to obtain mistiming Δ T.
(2) determine beating point.
According to sodar time difference method principle, to arrive the time difference of two sonic transducers be known definite value to voice signal, so take every two sonic transducers, determines a hyperbolic curve as focus, in like manner other several groups of hyperbolic curves, several groups of hyperbolic curves intersect and to obtain a bit.As shown in Figure 3.In figure, O is true origin; Bifocal F1, F2 mean respectively two sonic transducers, and 2a means that sound source divides the range difference that is clipped to two sonic transducers, is also the distance between hyperbolic curve two summits; 2c means two sonic transducer spacings, computation process following (establishing the velocity of sound is V):
2a=V×ΔT
a 2+b 2=c 2
Can draw intermediate parameters b by above-mentioned two formulas, and then obtain Hyperbolic Equation
x 2 a 2 - y 2 b 2 = 1
In like manner, can also draw other several Hyperbolic Equations, several Hyperbolic Equation simultaneous can be obtained to an intersection point, this intersection point is position P(X, the Y of beating point).
The wave beam of below take forms principle as the example explanation positions beating point, is specially:
The array formed by 4 sonic transducers.The center O (0,0) of sonic transducer institute region is reference point.The straight line at reference point and arbitrary sonic transducer line place is defined as to datum line.A sonic transducer of getting on datum line is defined as the reference sound intensity sensor.That railway digital signal that the reference sound intensity sensor is corresponding is the benchmark digital signal.The angle of other sonic transducers and reference sensor is γ i, the aperture of sonic transducer institute region is a/2, and the velocity of sound is c, and the line of beating point and reference point and the angle of datum line are Δ θ, as shown in Figure 4.
Suppose beating point at infinity, Δ θ increases to 360 degree gradually by 0 degree, and along with the variation of Δ θ, each railway digital signal is with respect to the delay time Δ d of benchmark digital signal ichange.Delay time changes the relation equation changed with angle
Δd i = a 2 c ( α i - cos ( Δθ ) + cos ( γ i + Δθ ) ) - - - ( 1 )
In formula α i = a 2 c ( 1 - cos ( γ i ) ) .
Multiply digital signals is carried out delay process and superposes to obtain intermediate variable g (t, s):
g ( t , s ) = Σ i = 1 n u i ( t - Δd i ) - - - ( 2 )
U wherein ibe the amplitude of i railway digital signal, t is the time.The ENERGY E (t, s) of superposed signal is
E ( t , s ) = ∫ t - T / 2 t + T / 2 g ( τ , s ) 2 dτ - - - ( 3 )
As shown in Figure 5, T is the Preset Time interval to energy variation, and during Energy maximum value, corresponding Δ θ is the direction of beating point for this array.And then the equation y=xtan Δ θ of definite this direction place straight line.
Again by with this array in a distance l(as 10cm) another identical array, this array reference point is O ' (l, 0), in like manner obtains the direction of beating point for this array.The equation of this direction place straight line is
y=(x-l)tanΔθ
Two straight-line equation simultaneous solve intersection point, and this intersection point is beating point P(X, Y).
1 pair of keyboard model of nucleus equipment is demarcated, and in keyboard area, chooses at least 2 location points and knocks continuously, the key using 2 location points wherein as the keyboard drift angle.Relative position relation between location point, according to default, is determined by user's illusion.CPU (central processing unit) 14 is determined the corresponding key value of this button according to location point, and button is expanded and determined whole keyboard model, thereby form the dummy keyboard that utilizes Sound control on default plane, system is started working, CPU (central processing unit) 13 key value that beating point is corresponding is imported keyboard buffer into, realizes keypad function.
During specific implementation, this keyboard model does not show concrete button, the keyboard model is corresponding with the QWERTY keyboard institute set in advance, for example: when the QWERTY keyboard of setting is general input keyboard, when choosing 2 location points and knock continuously, using these two location points respectively as " ESC " key and " Enter " key.When choosing 3 location points and knock continuously, using these three location points respectively as " ESC " key, " Enter " key and " F " key.
In practical application, referring to Fig. 6, when the operation dummy keyboard, there will be the biased button of the benchmark from the keyboard model of hand (to be generally " F " key and " J " key, also can be set according to the needs in practical application) situation, need to again demarcate the keyboard model, concrete process of demarcating is identical with above-mentioned initialization demarcation, and the embodiment of the present invention is not done and repeated this.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that accompanying drawing is the schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment, the invention described above embodiment sequence number, just to describing, does not represent the quality of embodiment.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. the dummy keyboard based on the acoustic fix ranging technology comprises: nucleus equipment, it is characterized in that, and be provided with at least three sonic transducers in described nucleus equipment,
Described nucleus equipment is placed in default plane, and contacts with default plane; Described sonic transducer is in same plane, and there is each other a determining deviation in all described sonic transducers not on same straight line; The zone that described sonic transducer is sensed is keyboard area;
Described nucleus equipment positions beating point by multiply digital signals, obtains the beating point position; Described nucleus equipment is chosen at least 2 location points and is knocked continuously, key using 2 location points as the keyboard drift angle, and button is expanded and determined whole keyboard model, the demarcation of realization to described keyboard model, form the dummy keyboard that utilizes Sound control on described default plane, the key value that described nucleus equipment is corresponding by beating point is imported keyboard buffer into, realizes keypad function.
2. a kind of dummy keyboard based on the acoustic fix ranging technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described nucleus equipment comprises: the signal gathering unit, signal condition unit, A/D converter and the CPU (central processing unit) that are electrically connected to successively,
All sonic transducer synchronous acquisitions knock produced voice signal at described keyboard area, and described signal gathering unit gathers the waveform of each road voice signal in default sample frequency scope, and imports described signal condition unit into; The waveform of Dui Ge road, described signal condition unit voice signal carries out translation and amplification, and the signal after according to the noise frequency range, translation being amplified carries out filtering, obtain multichannel analog signals, and convert described multiply digital signals to by described A/D converter, and transfer to described CPU (central processing unit).
3. a kind of dummy keyboard based on the acoustic fix ranging technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described default plane is the plane of setting up dummy keyboard.
4. a kind of dummy keyboard based on the acoustic fix ranging technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the plane that described default plane is any materials.
5. a kind of dummy keyboard based on the acoustic fix ranging technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described nucleus equipment is portable equipment, mini-plant, is applicable to the equipment of particular surroundings and is not easy to realize the instrument and equipment that full size keyboard operates.
6. a kind of dummy keyboard based on the acoustic fix ranging technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when the biased button of the benchmark from the keyboard model of hand, described nucleus equipment is demarcated again to described keyboard model.
7. a kind of dummy keyboard based on the acoustic fix ranging technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described keyboard model is display button not.
8. a kind of dummy keyboard based on the acoustic fix ranging technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described nucleus equipment positions beating point by multiply digital signals, obtains the beating point position and be specially:
Every two sonic transducers of take are determined a hyperbolic curve as focus, focal point F 1, F2 mean respectively two sonic transducers, mean that apart from 2a sound source divides the range difference that is clipped to two sonic transducers between hyperbolic curve two summits, two sonic transducer spacings are 2c, the position that obtains beating point by the simultaneous Hyperbolic Equation.
9. a kind of dummy keyboard based on the acoustic fix ranging technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described nucleus equipment positions beating point by multiply digital signals, obtains the beating point position and be specially:
The center O (0 of sonic transducer institute region, 0) be reference point, the straight line at reference point and arbitrary sonic transducer line place is defined as to datum line, a sonic transducer of getting on datum line is defined as the reference sound intensity sensor, that railway digital signal that the reference sound intensity sensor is corresponding is the benchmark digital signal, and the angle of other sonic transducers and reference sensor is γ i, the aperture of sonic transducer institute region is a/2, and the velocity of sound is c, and the line of beating point and reference point and the angle of datum line are Δ θ, the position that obtains beating point by the simultaneous straight-line equation.
CN201310373467.6A 2013-08-23 2013-08-23 A kind of dummy keyboard based on acoustic fix ranging technology Expired - Fee Related CN103440042B (en)

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