CN103279817A - Knowledge-based precision plastic forming knowledge base designing system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a knowledge-based precision plastic forming knowledge base designing system. Key points are that the system comprises a product genealogy management platform, a project engineering management platform, a functional flow management platform and a precision plastic forming process knowledge base. According to the knowledge-based precision plastic forming knowledge base designing system, the shortcomings of inadequate knowledge of precision plastic forming process development designers, design blindness, low-level repetition and the like can be overcome, the problems of complexity in the calculation of a plurality of process key points, long process development cycle and the like of product forming process analysis and procedure analysis can also be solved, and the level and the efficiency of precision plastic forming process design and development can be effectively improved. The system can be used for the development of new plastic forming products and processes, and can also be used in the field of manufacturing of forming parts for automobiles, motorcycles and special equipment.

Description

A kind of precision plastic forming knowledge-base design system based on knowledge

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of precision plastic forming knowledge-base design system based on knowledge, be used for design, exploitation to the metal product plastic forming process, belong to the plastic forming technology field.

Background technology

Digitizing shaping technology is the important directions of precision plastic forming technical development, by collection, arrangement, the conclusion to existing forming technology knowledge, the decomposition of process innovation method for designing, refinement, integrated computer technology and precision plastic forming technology, exploitation has forming technology database, the design of Forming Technology expert system of using value, instructs actual process exploitation and product design.At present, the theoretical research personnel have carried out researchs such as structuring program development, the exploitation of shaping knowledge data base, the exploitation of expert's design system, promoted the integrated development of digitizing technique and precision plastic forming technology, but theoretical research concentrates on the technical study of individual module or technology point mostly, and it is less that the integrated exploitation of multimode and engineering are used.Carried out a kind of research (ZL200710092856.6) of plasticity forming numerical modeling method as people such as Huang Shaodong, realized that numerical simulation pre-treatment driving parameter is connected with the effective of finite element software, improved efficient and the level of design of Simulation, but be the application of single module.In the face of many kinds, the formed product high-performance that becomes batch, the demand for development that low cost manufactures and designs, press for research and development and the engineering application power of the precision plastic forming design system that improves integrated multimode, solve fecund product design of Forming Technology efficient and level is not high, the outstanding problem of like product forming technology low-level repetition.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of precision plastic forming knowledge-base design system based on knowledge.

To achieve these goals, by the following technical solutions, a kind of precision plastic forming knowledge-base design system based on knowledge is characterized in that: described precision plastic forming knowledge-base design system based on knowledge comprises:

Product pedigree management platform: the management and the editor that finish the product type structure; Geometric type and structure according to the precision plastic forming product, set up three grades of pedigree management platforms of product, at first set up product type one-level pedigrees such as cup-shaped class, major axis class, branch class, cake lopps, tubulose class, in the one-level pedigree, set up the product structure secondary pedigree that type is identical, geometry is different then, in product structure secondary pedigree, set up three grades of pedigrees of project engineering of target product at last; Editting functions such as that the type of described product, structure and project engineering all have is newly-built, delete, browse, copy, move, output, preservation;

Project engineering management platform: the management and the editor that finish the full life design cycle of product item engineering; Comprise information input/output module, product basic data module, process knowledge module, mould design module, process results storage module, geometric parameter driver module, numerical simulation process management module, finish the Classification Management of process knowledge by above-mentioned module, have newly-built, delete, browse, copy, move, editting function such as output, preservation;

Functional sequence management platform: comprise rule-based technological design flow process and based on the technological design flow process of example; Wherein, rule-based technological design flow process comprises industrial analysis module, procedure analysis module, described industrial analysis module comprises precision analysis computing module, deformation analysis computing module, forging drawing design module, power energy parameter calculating module, combined die computing module, three-dimensional model driver module, numerical simulation driver module, and described procedure analysis module comprises process knowledge evaluation module, operation and parameter designing and scheduler module, mould structure design and load module; Technological design flow process based on example comprises: example retrieval module, example evaluation of result module;

Precision plastic forming knowledge base: integrated precision plastic forming knowledge information, set up precision plastic forming primary knowledge base, technological design knowledge base, mould knowledge base, numerical simulation knowledge base, craft embodiment storehouse, instruct the precision plastic forming process process development, simultaneously in design process, can form new rudimentary knowledge, process knowledge, mould knowledge, modeling knowledge, example knowledge, and can be saved in the precision plastic forming knowledge base.

The functions of modules of described project engineering management platform comprises:

The information input/output module: external informations such as the part two dimension drawing that the product technological design is required, three-dimensional part model, part picture are input to system's assigned address, system preserves this information automatically to database then, or selects appointed information and output to the system outside in system; Described information comprises information such as text, two-dimentional drawing, three-dimensional model, picture, three-dimensional model configuration file;

Product basic data module: to characteristic informations such as the title of product, numbering, materials, and technical information such as technical indicator of product, technical requirement manages and edits;

The process knowledge module: the technology that the product technological design is formed instructs process knowledges such as knowledge, technology assessment knowledge, technology inferenctial knowledge, and operation knowledge such as the operation type that forms of product sequence design, process flow, operation card manage and edit;

The mould design module: to mould parts and affiliated X-Y scheme, three-dimensional plot thereof such as the punch of product mold design, die, punch fixed cover, die shrink ring, mould bases, backing plate, ejector beams, and supplementary such as technical requirement of mould parts manufacturing, description of the process manages and edits;

Process results storage module: with the process results data with directive significance that form in the industrial analyses such as precision analysis calculating, deformation analysis calculating, power energy calculation of parameter, combined die calculating, classify and storage in groups in the mode of form;

Geometric parameter driver module: three-dimensional models such as part, forging, operation part, mould parts are driven the geometric parameter that adheres to specification that forms, classify and storage in groups in the mode of form;

Numerical simulation process management module: the parameter information of product plasticity forming numerical modeling pre-treatment is classified with key formatted file and form mode and storage in groups, and aftertreatment technology information is classified with DB formatted file and form mode and is stored in groups.

The functions of modules of described rule-based technological design flow process comprises:

The precision analysis computing module: the forming accuracy analysis knowledge of different materials such as warm working, cold forming is provided, provides calculating, inquiry and the data of the precision IT grade of product critical size to preserve, and the forming mode of recommending it to be fit to;

Deformation analysis computing module: the deformation analysis knowledge that different materials such as warm working, cold forming are provided, system can be online obtain geological informations such as the sectional area, distance of product assigned address, deformation analysis calculating and data result preservations such as deep hole length-diameter ratio, reduction of area, extrusion ratio, jumping-up rate, enlarging and closing in coefficient are provided, estimate the Allowable Degree that whether surpasses material on this basis;

The forging drawing design module: the shape analysis knowledge, the dimension analysis knowledge that are fit to forging are provided, and the data of calculating in conjunction with product precision IT grade, deformation analysis design the quantity of forging process and the forging shape of each operation simultaneously; Provide the minimum of forging to press surplus thickness, the maximum extruding degree of depth, maximum to extrude forging process structure and size calculation and data preservations such as length, fillet, cone angle, gross weight, complexity coefficient, provide calculating and the data of forging geometric properties parameters such as expansion and amount of contraction, process redundancy, pattern draft to preserve, determine the parameter value of forging 3-D geometric model on this basis; Application is called geometric model and the parameter of forging based on the three-dimensional model method of driving, generates the forging three-dimensional plot automatically; The locating function of sectional area equidimension parameter in volume, maximum secting area, the appointment orientation of forging three-dimensional plot is provided, provide the forging three-dimensional plot to the X-Y scheme transformation function, and tool sets such as using rough degree, tolerance, location benchmark, finish the refinement of forging two dimension drawing;

Power energy parameter calculating module: provide the influence factor of the unit pressure of warm working, cold forming, the knowledge such as unit pressure of various material warm workings, cold forming; The unit pressure of warm forward extrusion, warm backward extrusion, warm Compound Extrusion, cold forward extrusion, cold backward extrusion, cold Compound Extrusion, jumping-up, die forging, enlarging, closing in and calculating and the lectotype selection knowledge of plastic force are provided; Calculation of parameter and lectotype selection knowledge such as induction heating, blanking are provided;

Combined die computing module: the design knowledge of combined die is provided, two-layer combined die, three layers of combined die CALCULATION OF PARAMETERS, design are provided;

Three-dimensional model driver module: comprise functions such as three-dimensional driving, online management and two dimension conversion; The 3-D geometric model design basis platform of application and development, the form that can read input system automatically is the three-dimensional model geometric information of the arbitrary shape of types such as prt, igs, and the configuration file of generation and its parameter correlation connection, realize that geometric model drives parametrization; When all kinds of three-dimensional models such as part, forging, mould designed, by the correlation parameter of input geometric model, system generated the three-dimensional model consistent with geometric parameter automatically; If need carry out perfect to the partial structurtes of three-dimensional model, it can be the file type that UG specialty modeling softwares such as prt, igs can be identified with the three-dimensional model output format, and call UG software and the partial structurtes of three-dimensional model are carried out perfect, and the three-dimensional model after will improving is kept in the system again; Three-dimensional model has the function that transforms to the two-dimentional drawing of types such as exb, dwg, dxf, and tool sets such as the roughness by customized development, tolerance, location benchmark are finished the refinement of two-dimentional drawing; Three-dimensional model has functions such as online browse, output, distance inquiry, volume inquiry, sectional area inquiry, maximum cross-section scanning;

Numerical simulation driver module: comprise pre-treatment driving and aftertreatment preservation; Pre-treatment parameters such as numerical simulation amoeboid movement parameter, grid division parameter, material model and temperature parameter, exposure parameter, environmental parameter are set in system, simultaneously numerical simulation pre-treatment parameter is preserved with the key document form, by calling the port program of numerical simulation, start numerical simulation software DEFORM, after finishing the pre-treatment modeling, import the key file of pre-treatment parameter into DEFORM, finish the setting of pre-treatment parameter; After numerical simulation finishes, with the DB file that forms, stress picture, strain picture, damage picture, power can curve etc. object informations be kept in the system value simulation process administration module in the form mode;

Process knowledge evaluation module: according to the design knowledge of industrial analysis formation such as precision analysis calculating, deformation analysis calculating, power energy calculation of parameter, numerical simulation, system provides on-line analysis functions such as data analysis, graphic analyses, text analyzing, the feasibility of product Plastic Forming, technological parameter etc. are estimated, and design is fit to technology and the parameter form of product precision plastic forming;

Operation and parameter designing and scheduler module: in conjunction with knowledge such as the blanking in the precision plastic forming knowledge base, heating, warm working, annealing, cold forming, equipment, formulate operation route and the parameter of product shaping; System provides standard or self-defining process chart template, and the user imports information such as product attribute, operation title, parameter index, technical requirement, operation requirement, picture according to the product production engineering specifications, and system generates operation card automatically;

Mould structure design and load module: mould design knowledges such as mold materials, mould quality of fit, punch structure, die structure, flash gutters, circulation cooling structure, guide frame, mould bases structure are provided, application is based on the three-dimensional model method of driving, can realize three-dimensional dimension driving, the generation of two-dimentional drawing of mould parts arbitrarily such as punch, die, punch fixed cover, die shrink ring, mould bases, backing plate, ejector beam, and finish the assembling of the correction of mould parts partial structurtes, mould parts on the basis.

The functions of modules of described technological design flow process based on example comprises:

Example retrieval module: retrieve qualified example; The method that adopts character type and numeric type to combine, concern according to the product pedigree structure, character type desired value, the numeric type desired value of input retrieval are sought similarity more than or equal to the case set of the targets threshold of setting, and sort according to the descending order of similarity; If the example similarity that retrieves all less than the targets threshold of setting, is then adjusted search argument conditioned disjunction threshold range, seek similar example with a high credibility again; Concrete, comprise following modules:

(1) definition module: objective definition example character type parameter and numeric type parameter and search condition thereof;

(2) normalization module: by in database, retrieving, form the case set and the data matrix thereof that satisfy search condition, and the data matrix is carried out normalized;

(3) module is set: the weight of character type parameter, numeric type parameter is set respectively, the set goal threshold value is set;

(4) object module: case set is carried out similarity calculate, select similarity more than or equal to the example of targets threshold, and according to the descending order of similarity, example is sorted; If the example similarity is less than targets threshold, then Reparametrization weight and targets threshold carry out similarity again and calculate.

Wherein the method for definition character shape parameter and numeric type parameter and search condition is as follows:

(1) the character type parameter is carried out quantification treatment: according to search conditions such as " or, and ", if the character that retrieves and the target character feature of input meet fully, then eigenwert is designated as 1; If the character that retrieves and the target character part of input meet, the number of characters that the portion of setting a trap meets is a, and max number of characters is b, and (b 〉=a), then eigenwert is designated as D=a/b ∈ [0,1]; The target character shape parameter of supposing retrieval has k, and then the eigenwert of target character shape parameter is defined as D automatically _0j=1 (j=1,2 ..., k); Obtain m example by retrieval simultaneously, then the eigenwert of j character type parameter of its i example is designated as D _Ij∈ [0,1] (i=1,2 ..., m; J=1,2 ..., k);

(2) the numeric type parameter is carried out quantification treatment: according to " 〉=,＞,=,＜,≤" etc. search condition, obtain meeting the data value that retrieval requires; The target number shape parameter of supposing retrieval has k, and its numeric type eigenwert is designated as D _0j=1,2 ..., k), obtain m example by retrieval simultaneously, then the eigenwert of j numeric type parameter of i example is designated as D _Ij(i=1,2 ..., m; J=1,2 ..., k).

Wherein to carry out the method for normalized as follows for data matrix:

In order to eliminate the influence of amount just of a plurality of different parameters, need be to target component D _0j(j=1,2 ..., k) with the example parameter D that retrieves _Ij(i=1,2 ..., m; J=1,2 ..., k) the union matrix data of Zu Chenging carries out normalized, obtains the normalization data matrix

With The method of its normalized comprises:

The one, hope the normalization processing method of big characteristic:

$D_{\mathrm{xj}}^{\′}=\frac{D_{\mathrm{xj}}-{\min }_{x=0}^m{D}_{\mathrm{xj}}}{{\max }_{x=0}^m{D}_{\mathrm{xj}}-{\min }_{x=0}^m{D}_{\mathrm{xj}}}(x=\mathrm{0,1},...,m;j=\mathrm{1,2},...,k);$

The 2nd, hope the normalization processing method of little characteristic:

$D_{\mathrm{xj}}^{\′}=\frac{{\max }_{x=0}^m{D}_{\mathrm{xj}}-D_{\mathrm{xj}}}{{\max }_{x=0}^m{D}_{\mathrm{xj}}-{\min }_{x=0}^m{D}_{\mathrm{xj}}}(x=\mathrm{0,1},...,m;j=\mathrm{1,2},...,k);$

The 3rd, hope the normalization processing method of order characteristic:

$D_{\mathrm{xj}}^{\′}=\frac{\min (D_{\mathrm{xj}},D_{0j})}{\max (D_{\mathrm{xj}},D_{0j})}(x=\mathrm{0,1},...,m;j=\mathrm{1,2},...,k);$

The 4th, to the normalization processing method of flow characteristic:

$D_{\mathrm{xj}}^{\′}=\frac{D_{\mathrm{xj}}}{\sqrt{\underset{x=0}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{D}_{\mathrm{xj}}^2}}(x=\mathrm{0,1},...,m;j=\mathrm{1,2},...,k).$

The method of weight that character type parameter, numeric type parameter wherein are set is as follows:

Suppose to exist data matrix η _Ij(i=1,2 ..., m; J=1,2 ..., k), for the significance level of each target of accurate description, the employing expert composes power and entropy is weighed overall approach to data matrix η _Ij(i=1,2 ..., m; J=1,2 ..., k) be weighted processing;

At first, the expert is set and composes weights: the expert directly gives weight w to j evaluation objective _Pj∈ [0,1], and Then, the entropy weights of computational data matrix: the entropy that defines j evaluation objective is

I=1,2 ..., m; J=1,2 ..., k, wherein $f_{\mathrm{ij}}=\frac{(1+{\mathrm{\η}}_{\mathrm{ij}})}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}(1+{\mathrm{\η}}_{\mathrm{ij}})};$ Calculate the entropy power of evaluation objective $w_{\mathrm{Hj}}=\frac{1-H_j}{k-\underset{j=1}{\overset{k}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{H}_j}\∈\left[\mathrm{0,1}\right],$ And $\underset{j=1}{\overset{k}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{w}_{\mathrm{Hj}}=1;$ Moreover, calculate the comprehensive weight value of composing power and entropy power based on the expert: comprehensive weight $w_j=\frac{w_{\mathrm{Pj}}{w}_{\mathrm{Hj}}}{\underset{j=1}{\overset{k}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{w}_{\mathrm{Pj}}{w}_{\mathrm{Hj}}}\∈\left[\mathrm{0,1}\right].$

It is as follows wherein case set to be carried out the similarity Calculation Method:

Note normalization data matrix $D_{0j}^{\′}(j=\mathrm{1,2},...,k)$ With $D_{\mathrm{ij}}^{\′}(i=\mathrm{1,2},...,m;j=\mathrm{1,2},...,k)$ The absolute value of row difference be matrix

The degree of association matrix that the similar example that retrieval obtains and target case constitute

Wherein ξ ∈ [0,1] is environmental parameter, and the general value of ξ is 0.5; Adopt the method for mean value and hyperspace distance, the example comprehensive similarity is calculated;

The one, the comprehensive similarity of mean value method is calculated: at first to matrix η _IjBe weighted processing, calculate the comprehensive similarity value of example then

R _iIt is more high to be worth the more big then similarity with desired value;

The 2nd, the comprehensive similarity of hyperspace distance is calculated: at first to matrix η _IjBe weighted processing, calculate the comprehensive similarity value of example then

R _iIt is more high to be worth the more big then similarity with desired value;

Example evaluation of result module: the technology to the example of similarity maximum is analyzed, whether similarly to geometric type, technical requirement, the process of target product estimate, if meet the production engineering specifications of target product, then can on this example basis, design perfect to target product technology; If do not meet the production engineering specifications of target product, then rule-based process design method is retrieved or is adopted in suggestion again.

The present invention proposes a kind of precision plastic forming knowledge-base design system based on knowledge, this is not only to remedy defectives such as precision plastic forming process development and Design personnel stock of knowledge deficiency, design blindness, low-level repetition, problems such as numerous technology points calculating are loaded down with trivial details in product shaping industrial analysis and the procedure analysis, the process exploitation cycle is long be can also avoid, level and efficient that precision plastic forming process is designed and developed effectively improved.The present invention can be used for Plastic Forming new product, new process development, also can be used for automobile, motorcycle, special equipment drip molding manufacturing field.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of product pedigree management platform in the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of project engineering management platform in the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of precision plastic forming knowledge base in the embodiment of the invention.

Embodiment

The present invention is described further below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a kind of precision plastic forming knowledge-base design system based on knowledge comprises:

Product pedigree management platform 1: the management and the editor that finish the product type structure; Geometric type and structure according to the precision plastic forming product, set up three grades of pedigree management platforms of product, at first set up product type one-level pedigree 1-1 such as cup-shaped class, major axis class, branch class, cake lopps, tubulose class, in the one-level pedigree, set up the product structure secondary pedigree 1-2 that type is identical, geometry is different then, in product structure secondary pedigree, set up three grades of pedigree 1-3 of project engineering of target product at last; Editting functions such as that the type of described product, structure and project engineering all have is newly-built, delete, browse, copy, move, output, preservation;

Project engineering management platform 2: the management and the editor that finish the full life design cycle of product item engineering; Comprise following functional module: external informations such as information input/output module 2-1 part that the product technological design is required two dimension drawing, three-dimensional part model, part picture are input to system's assigned address, system preserves this information automatically to database then, or selects appointed information and output to the system outside in system; Described information comprises information such as text, two-dimentional drawing, three-dimensional model, picture, three-dimensional model configuration file; Characteristic informations such as the title of the product of product basic data module 2-2, numbering, material, and technical information such as technical indicator of product, technical requirement manages and edits; The technology that the product technological design of process knowledge module 2-3 forms instructs process knowledges such as knowledge, technology assessment knowledge, technology inferenctial knowledge, and operation knowledge such as the operation type that forms of product sequence design, process flow, operation card manage and edit; Mould parts and affiliated X-Y scheme, three-dimensional plot thereof such as the punch of the product mold design of mould design module 2-4, die, punch fixed cover, die shrink ring, mould bases, backing plate, ejector beam, and supplementary such as technical requirement of mould parts manufacturing, description of the process manages and edits; Process results storage module 2-5 classifies the process results data with directive significance that form in the industrial analyses such as precision analysis calculating, deformation analysis calculating, power energy calculation of parameter, combined die calculating and storage in groups in the mode of form; Geometric parameter driver module 2-6 drives the geometric parameter that adheres to specification that forms with three-dimensional models such as part, forging, operation part, mould parts, classifies and storage in groups in the mode of form; Numerical simulation process management module 2-7 classifies the parameter information of product plasticity forming numerical modeling pre-treatment and stores in groups with key formatted file and form mode, aftertreatment technology information is classified with DB formatted file and form mode and stored in groups.

Functional sequence management platform 3: comprise rule-based technological design flow process 3-1 and based on the technological design flow process 3-2 of example;

Wherein, rule-based technological design flow process 3-1 comprises industrial analysis module, procedure analysis module, described industrial analysis module comprises precision analysis computing module, deformation analysis computing module, forging drawing design module, power energy parameter calculating module, combined die computing module, three-dimensional model driver module, numerical simulation driver module, and described procedure analysis module comprises process knowledge evaluation module, operation and parameter designing and scheduler module, mould structure design and load module; Wherein, the precision analysis computing module provides the forming accuracy analysis knowledge of different materials such as warm working, cold forming, provides calculating, inquiry and the data of the precision IT grade of product critical size to preserve, and the forming mode of recommending it to be fit to; The deformation analysis computing module provides the deformation analysis knowledge of different materials such as warm working, cold forming, system can be online obtain geological informations such as the sectional area, distance of product assigned address, deformation analysis calculating and data result preservations such as deep hole length-diameter ratio, reduction of area, extrusion ratio, jumping-up rate, enlarging and closing in coefficient are provided, estimate the Allowable Degree that whether surpasses material on this basis; The forging drawing design module provides shape analysis knowledge, the dimension analysis knowledge that is fit to forging, and the data of calculating in conjunction with product precision IT grade, deformation analysis design the quantity of forging process and the forging shape of each operation simultaneously; Provide the minimum of forging to press surplus thickness, the maximum extruding degree of depth, maximum to extrude forging process structure and size calculation and data preservations such as length, fillet, cone angle, gross weight, complexity coefficient, provide calculating and the data of forging geometric properties parameters such as expansion and amount of contraction, process redundancy, pattern draft to preserve, determine the parameter value of forging 3-D geometric model on this basis; Application is called geometric model and the parameter of forging based on the three-dimensional model method of driving, generates the forging three-dimensional plot automatically; The locating function of sectional area equidimension parameter in volume, maximum secting area, the appointment orientation of forging three-dimensional plot is provided, provide the forging three-dimensional plot to the X-Y scheme transformation function, and tool sets such as using rough degree, tolerance, location benchmark, finish the refinement of forging two dimension drawing; Power energy parameter calculating module provides the influence factor of the unit pressure of warm working, cold forming, the knowledge such as unit pressure of various material warm workings, cold forming; The unit pressure of warm forward extrusion, warm backward extrusion, warm Compound Extrusion, cold forward extrusion, cold backward extrusion, cold Compound Extrusion, jumping-up, die forging, enlarging, closing in and calculating and the lectotype selection knowledge of plastic force are provided; Calculation of parameter and lectotype selection knowledge such as induction heating, blanking are provided; The combined die computing module provides the design knowledge of combined die, and two-layer combined die, three layers of combined die CALCULATION OF PARAMETERS, design are provided; The three-dimensional model driver module comprises functions such as three-dimensional driving, online management and two dimension conversion; The 3-D geometric model design basis platform of application and development, the form that can read input system automatically is the three-dimensional model geometric information of the arbitrary shape of types such as prt, igs, and the configuration file of generation and its parameter correlation connection, realize that geometric model drives parametrization; When all kinds of three-dimensional models such as part, forging, mould designed, by the correlation parameter of input geometric model, system generated the three-dimensional model consistent with geometric parameter automatically; If need carry out perfect to the partial structurtes of three-dimensional model, it can be the file type that UG specialty modeling softwares such as prt, igs can be identified with the three-dimensional model output format, and call UG software and the partial structurtes of three-dimensional model are carried out perfect, and the three-dimensional model after will improving is kept in the system again; Three-dimensional model has the function that transforms to the two-dimentional drawing of types such as exb, dwg, dxf, and tool sets such as the roughness by customized development, tolerance, location benchmark are finished the refinement of two-dimentional drawing; Three-dimensional model has functions such as online browse, output, distance inquiry, volume inquiry, sectional area inquiry, maximum cross-section scanning; The numerical simulation driver module comprises pre-treatment driving and aftertreatment preservation; Pre-treatment parameters such as numerical simulation amoeboid movement parameter, grid division parameter, material model and temperature parameter, exposure parameter, environmental parameter are set in system, simultaneously numerical simulation pre-treatment parameter is preserved with the key document form, by calling the port program of numerical simulation, start numerical simulation software DEFORM, after finishing the pre-treatment modeling, import the key file of pre-treatment parameter into DEFORM, finish the setting of pre-treatment parameter; After numerical simulation finishes, with the DB file that forms, stress picture, strain picture, damage picture, power can curve etc. object informations be kept in the system value simulation process administration module in the form mode; The design knowledge that the process knowledge evaluation module forms according to industrial analyses such as precision analysis calculating, deformation analysis calculating, power energy calculation of parameter, numerical simulations, system provides on-line analysis functions such as data analysis, graphic analyses, text analyzing, the feasibility of product Plastic Forming, technological parameter etc. are estimated, and design is fit to technology and the parameter form of product precision plastic forming; Operation and parameter designing are combined knowledge such as blanking in the precision plastic forming knowledge base, heating, warm working, annealing, cold forming, equipment with scheduler module, formulate operation route and the parameter of product shaping; System provides standard or self-defining process chart template, and the user imports information such as product attribute, operation title, parameter index, technical requirement, operation requirement, picture according to the product production engineering specifications, and system generates operation card automatically; Mould structure design and load module provide mould design knowledges such as mold materials, mould quality of fit, punch structure, die structure, flash gutters, circulation cooling structure, guide frame, mould bases structure, application is based on the three-dimensional model method of driving, can realize three-dimensional dimension driving, the generation of two-dimentional drawing of mould parts arbitrarily such as punch, die, punch fixed cover, die shrink ring, mould bases, backing plate, ejector beam, and finish the assembling of the correction of mould parts partial structurtes, mould parts on the basis.

Technological design flow process 3-2 based on example comprises: example retrieval module, example evaluation of result module; Wherein, the method that the example retrieval module adopts character type and numeric type to combine, concern according to the product pedigree structure, character type desired value, the numeric type desired value of input retrieval, seek similarity more than or equal to the case set of the targets threshold of setting, and sort according to the descending order of similarity; If the example similarity that retrieves all less than the targets threshold of setting, is then adjusted search argument conditioned disjunction threshold range, seek similar example with a high credibility again; Example evaluation of result module is analyzed the technology of the example of similarity maximum, whether similarly to geometric type, technical requirement, the process of target product estimate, if meet the production engineering specifications of target product, then can on this example basis, design perfect to target product technology; If do not meet the production engineering specifications of target product, then rule-based process design method is retrieved or is adopted in suggestion again.

Precision plastic forming knowledge base 4: integrated precision plastic forming knowledge information, set up precision plastic forming primary knowledge base 4-1, technological design knowledge base 4-2, mould knowledge base 4-3, numerical simulation knowledge base 4-4, craft embodiment storehouse 4-5, instruct the precision plastic forming process process development, simultaneously in design process, can form new rudimentary knowledge, process knowledge, mould knowledge, modeling knowledge, example knowledge, and can be saved in the precision plastic forming knowledge base.

When using native system, finish design effort by following operation:

1, product Back ground Information management

At first, in product pedigree management platform, set up three grades of pedigrees of product, and Back ground Informations such as the title of input product item engineering, date created, project Engineering Instruction.

Then, in project engineering management platform, newly-built product item engineering is managed and edits.1. in the information input/output module, the part two dimension drawing of input product, the three-dimensional drawing of part, part picture, part illustrate document.2. in product basic data module, characteristic informations such as the title of input product, numbering, material, technical information such as the technical indicator of product, technical requirement.3. click " engineering calculation menu " and enter the functional sequence management platform.

2, the precision plastic forming based on knowledge designs

(1) if new product development can be selected rule-based process design method in the functional sequence management platform.

At first be to carry out industrial analysis: 1. in the precision analysis computing module, calculate accessory size permissible accuracy grade, judge whether to be fit to warm forming or cold forming, if element precision surpasses the accuracy rating of cold forming, then suggestion adopts the mode of adding process redundancy to form.2. at part material type and the trade mark, in system, search distortion of materials knowledge; At the geometry of part, in system, search shape analysis knowledge, dimension analysis knowledge, the case knowledge of this class formation; Preliminary geometric configuration and the deformation parameter of determining forging.3. in the three-dimensional model driver module, select " calling the UG program opens " order, open the part three-dimensional plot, the geometric configuration of primary design forging on this basis, and with the three-dimensional model of forging with the output of prt form and be kept in the information input/output module.4. in the forging drawing design module, calculate the minimum of forging and press forging process structure and dimensional datas such as surplus thickness, the maximum extruding degree of depth, calculate forging geometric properties parameters such as expansion and amount of contraction, process redundancy, fill in the parameter list of forging 3-D geometric model on this basis.5. in the three-dimensional model driver module, call geometric model and the parameter list of forging, system generates the forging three-dimensional plot automatically.6. in the deformation analysis computing module, the online parameters such as calculating the required sectional area of forging deformation extent, distance of searching are judged deformation extent whether in material deformation range allowable, otherwise need the shaping of employing multi-pass, design each operation forging drawing.7. in power energy parameter calculating module, the knowledge of searching material deformation stress is calculated the shaping gross load.8. in the combined die computing module, according to the unit pressure that mould bears, judge whether to need to adopt the combined die structure; In mould structure design and load module, design and the title of preserving mould parts, mould parts type and structure thereof that calling system carries, in the three-dimensional model driver module, finish design, preservation and the assembling of mould parts, and realize that mould parts is by the conversion of three-dimensional model to two-dimentional drawing.9. carry out numerical simulation if desired, can be in the numerical simulation driver module, fill in the pre-treatment parameter list, and preserve with the key file, call the port program of numerical simulation, start DEFORM software, the 3-D geometric model of mould, blank and the key file of pre-treatment parameter designing are passed to DEFORM successively, finish the pre-treatment setting; After numerical simulation is finished, to DB formatted file, ess-strain picture, power can curve, damage and fill aftertreatment analog result such as type effect and analyze and preserve.

Be to carry out industrial analysis then: 1. in the process knowledge evaluation module, utilize and form process data in the industrial analysis, estimate the feasibility of technology.2. in operation and parameter designing and scheduler module, the process information tables such as title, parameter index, technical requirement, picture of each operation are filled in design and preserve the forming process route, and system generates operation card automatically, instructs the forming technology test.

(2) if the like product exploitation can be selected the process design method based on example in the functional sequence management platform.

At first in the example retrieval module, import character desired value, the digital object value of retrieval, the targets threshold of system's acceptable similarity is set, and the example that retrieves is sorted according to the descending order of similarity.

Give an example to specify retrieving now:

Project team tentatively selects the precision plastic forming process method for designing based on example for use for certain cup-shaped class piston product being carried out the precision plastic forming process exploitation, need retrieve similar product or technology example in the precision plastic forming database.

As the target example, suppose to retrieve 6 examples with certain cup-shaped class piston product in database, parameter and the result of its retrieval are as shown in table 1.

The parameter value of table 1 target example and retrieval example

Because precision IT grade 〉=7, surface roughness Ra 〉=0.8 of general cold extrusion forging, the ratio of defects ideal value of cold extrusion product is 0.Parameter value to the target example carries out the albefaction processing, and the character type parameter value is carried out quantification treatment, and wherein, the albefaction of the forging precision IT grade of target example is treated to: (7+9)/and 2=8; The albefaction of surface roughness Ra is treated to: (0.8+1.6)/and 2=1.2; The albefaction of product defects rate (%) is treated to: (0+1.5)/and 2=0.75.The quantizing method of character type parameter is: suppose that the number of characters that the example character is consistent with target character is a, max number of characters is b (a≤b), then the eigenwert of example character type parameter is a/b ∈ [0,1], and the albefaction of example parameter and quantification treatment data result are as shown in table 2.

The albefaction of table 2 example parameter and quantification treatment data matrix D _Xj

The data matrix D that his-and-hers watches 2 data are formed _Xj, carry out normalized to flow characteristic according to following formula, obtain the normalization data matrix

As shown in table 3.

$D_{\mathrm{xj}}^{\′}=\frac{D_{\mathrm{xj}}}{\sqrt{\underset{x=0}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{D}_{\mathrm{xj}}^2}}(x=\mathrm{0,1},...,m;j=\mathrm{1,2},...,k)$

Data matrix after table 3 normalized

The supplemental characteristic of retrieval example asks difference to calculate and the absolute value processing with the supplemental characteristic of target example respectively in the his-and-hers watches 3, obtains data matrix E _IjAs shown in table 4.

Table 4 is asked the data matrix E after difference is handled _Ij

The data matrix E that his-and-hers watches 4 data are formed _Ij, carry out the degree of association according to following formula and handle, obtain example degree of association data matrix η _IjAs shown in table 5.

${\mathrm{\η}}_{\mathrm{ij}}=\frac{\min E_{\mathrm{ij}}+\mathrm{\ξ}{\max E}_{\mathrm{ij}}}{E_{\mathrm{ij}}+{\mathrm{\ξ}\max E}_{\mathrm{ij}}}(i=\mathrm{1,2},...,m;j=\mathrm{1,2},...,k),$ Wherein ξ ∈ [0,1] is environmental parameter, and the ξ value is 0.5.

Table 5 example degree of association data matrix η _Ij

The data matrix η that his-and-hers watches 5 data are formed _IjAccording to Calculate, obtain its associated data transformed matrix f _IjAs shown in table 6.

Table 6 associated data transformed matrix f _Ij

Data matrix f in the his-and-hers watches 6 _Ij, calculate its entropy

Calculating entropy power $w_{\mathrm{Hj}}=\frac{1-H_j}{k-\underset{j=1}{\overset{k}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{H}_j}\∈\left[\mathrm{0,1}\right],$ And $\underset{j=1}{\overset{k}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{w}_{\mathrm{Hj}}=1;$ And adopt expert's enabling legislation that parameter is carried out assignment w _Pj∈ [0,1], and $\underset{j=1}{\overset{k}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{w}_{\mathrm{Pj}}=1,$ Calculate comprehensive weight $w_j=\frac{w_{\mathrm{Pj}}{w}_{\mathrm{Hj}}}{\underset{j=1}{\overset{k}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{w}_{\mathrm{Pj}}{w}_{\mathrm{Hj}}}\∈\left[\mathrm{0,1}\right].$ The comprehensive weight that obtains is as shown in table 7.

Table 7 is composed the comprehensive weight data of power based on entropy Quan He expert

The example parameter	j＝1	j＝2	j＝3	j＝4	j＝5	j＝6	j＝7
								Entropy	0.993	0.997	0.999	0.997	0.999	0.994	0.998
The entropy weights	0.297	0.147	0.025	0.139	0.052	0.263	0.077
								The expert composes weights	0.150	0.150	0.150	0.150	0.150	0.150	0.100
The comprehensive weight value	0.305	0.151	0.025	0.143	0.053	0.270	0.053

Data in the his-and-hers watches 5, the comprehensive weight value according in the table 7 is weighted processing, calculates the example comprehensive similarity value based on mean value method then $R_i=\frac{\underset{j=1}{\overset{k}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{w}_j{\mathrm{\η}}_{\mathrm{ij}}}{k}\∈\left[\mathrm{0,1}\right](i=\mathrm{1,2},...,m;j=\mathrm{1,2},...,k)$ With the example comprehensive similarity value based on the hyperspace distance $R_i=1-{\left(\underset{j=1}{\overset{k}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\left(w_j(1-{\mathrm{\η}}_{\mathrm{ij}})\right)}^2\right)}^{0.5}\∈\left[\mathrm{0,1}\right](i=\mathrm{1,2},...,m;j=\mathrm{1,2},...,k).$ To the example similarity according to R _iThe descending order of value sorts as shown in table 8.

Table 8 example similarity result of calculation

Can be known by table 8, adopt based on the example comprehensive similarity result of calculation of mean value method consistent with example comprehensive similarity result of calculation based on the hyperspace Furthest Neighbor.The descending ordering of similarity of 6 examples that retrieve is: R ₃＞R ₁＞R ₂＞R ₆＞R ₄＞R ₅The similarity maximum of example 3 and target example is described.

The present invention proposes a kind of example search method based on the precision plastic forming database, can effectively improve the accuracy that multiparameter retrieval and example similarity are calculated, raising is based on the precision plastic forming process application level of example, this method can be used for Plastic Forming new product, new process development, also can be used for automobile, motorcycle, special equipment drip molding manufacturing field.

Then in example evaluation of result module, judge whether similar example meets the production engineering specifications of target product, if meet, then can be on the basis of similar example, the related process parameter is carried out perfect, final mould drawing, the operation card that instructs the test of target product forming technology that form.

3, verification experimental verification and perfect technology

Operation card according to forming forms verification experimental verification, the reliability of examination precision plastic forming process and product quality, and all critical learning that the actual tests process is formed is saved in the knowledge base of this product item engineering simultaneously.

The present invention proposes a kind of precision plastic forming knowledge-base design system based on knowledge, this is not only to remedy defectives such as precision plastic forming process development and Design personnel stock of knowledge deficiency, design blindness, low-level repetition, problems such as numerous technology points calculating are loaded down with trivial details in product shaping industrial analysis and the procedure analysis, the process exploitation cycle is long be can also avoid, level and efficient that precision plastic forming process is designed and developed effectively improved.The present invention can be used for Plastic Forming new product, new process development, also can be used for automobile, motorcycle, special equipment drip molding manufacturing field.

Claims (4)

1. precision plastic forming knowledge-base design system based on knowledge, it is characterized in that: described system comprises:

Product pedigree management platform: comprise first cup-shaped class, major axis class, branch class, cake lopps, tubulose series products type one-level pedigree, the product structure secondary pedigree identical with one-level pedigree type, that geometry is different is set up three grades of pedigrees of the project engineering of target product in the secondary pedigree;

Project engineering management platform: the management and the editor that finish the full life design cycle of product item engineering; Comprise information input/output module, product basic data module, process knowledge module, mould design module, process results storage module, geometric parameter driver module, numerical simulation process management module;

Functional sequence management platform: comprise rule-based technological design flow process and based on the technological design flow process of example; Wherein, rule-based technological design flow process comprises industrial analysis module and procedure analysis module;

Described industrial analysis module comprises precision analysis computing module, deformation analysis computing module, forging drawing design module, power energy parameter calculating module, combined die computing module, three-dimensional model driver module, numerical simulation driver module;

Described procedure analysis module comprises process knowledge evaluation module, operation and parameter designing and scheduler module, mould structure design and load module;

Technological design flow process based on example comprises example retrieval module and example evaluation of result module;

Precision plastic forming knowledge base: integrated precision plastic forming knowledge information, set up precision plastic forming primary knowledge base, technological design knowledge base, mould knowledge base, numerical simulation knowledge base, craft embodiment storehouse, instruct the precision plastic forming process process development, simultaneously in design process, can form new rudimentary knowledge, process knowledge, mould knowledge, modeling knowledge, example knowledge, and can be saved in the precision plastic forming knowledge base.

2. the precision plastic forming knowledge-base design system based on knowledge as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

The information input/output module: part two dimension drawing, three-dimensional part model, part picture external information that the product technological design is required are input to system's assigned address, system preserves this information automatically to database then, or selects appointed information and output to the system outside in system;

Product basic data module: to title, numbering, the material characteristics information of product, and the technical indicator of product, technical requirement technical information manage and edit;

The process knowledge module: the technology that the product technological design is formed instructs knowledge, technology assessment knowledge, technology inferenctial knowledge process knowledge, and operation type, process flow, operation card operation knowledge that the product sequence design forms manage and edits;

The mould design module: to punch, die, punch fixed cover, die shrink ring, mould bases, backing plate, ejector beam mould parts and affiliated X-Y scheme, the three-dimensional plot thereof of product mold design, and the technical requirement of mould parts manufacturing, description of the process supplementary manage and edit;

Process results storage module: precision analysis calculating, deformation analysis calculating, power energy calculation of parameter, combined die are calculated the process results data with directive significance that form in the industrial analysis, classify and storage in groups in the mode of form;

Geometric parameter driver module: part, forging, operation part, mould parts three-dimensional model are driven the geometric parameter that adheres to specification that forms, classify and storage in groups in the mode of form;

Numerical simulation process management module: the parameter information of product plasticity forming numerical modeling pre-treatment is classified and storage in groups, and aftertreatment technology information is classified and is stored in groups.

3. the precision plastic forming knowledge-base design system based on knowledge as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

The precision analysis computing module: the forming accuracy analysis knowledge of warm working, cold forming different materials is provided, provides calculating, inquiry and the data of the precision IT grade of product critical size to preserve, and the forming mode of recommending it to be fit to;

Deformation analysis computing module: the deformation analysis knowledge that warm working, cold forming different materials are provided, online sectional area, the geometric distance information of obtaining the product assigned address of system's energy, provide deep hole length-diameter ratio, reduction of area, extrusion ratio, jumping-up rate, enlarging and the deformation analysis calculating of closing in coefficient and data result to preserve, estimate the Allowable Degree that whether surpasses material on this basis;

The forging drawing design module: the shape analysis knowledge, the dimension analysis knowledge that are fit to forging are provided, and the data of calculating in conjunction with product precision IT grade, deformation analysis design the quantity of forging process and the forging shape of each operation simultaneously; Provide the minimum of forging to press surplus thickness, the maximum extruding degree of depth, maximum to extrude length, fillet, cone angle, gross weight, complexity coefficient forging process structure and size calculation and data preservation, provide calculating and the data of expansion and amount of contraction, process redundancy, pattern draft forging geometric properties parameter to preserve, determine the parameter value of forging 3-D geometric model on this basis; Application is called geometric model and the parameter of forging based on the three-dimensional model method of driving, generates the forging three-dimensional plot automatically; The locating function of sectional area dimensional parameters in volume, maximum secting area, the appointment orientation of forging three-dimensional plot is provided, provides the forging three-dimensional plot to the X-Y scheme transformation function, and using rough degree, tolerance, location benchmark tool set, the refinement of forging two dimension drawing finished;

Power energy parameter calculating module: provide the influence factor of the unit pressure of warm working, cold forming, the unit pressure knowledge of various material warm workings, cold forming; The unit pressure of warm forward extrusion, warm backward extrusion, warm Compound Extrusion, cold forward extrusion, cold backward extrusion, cold Compound Extrusion, jumping-up, die forging, enlarging, closing in and calculating and the lectotype selection knowledge of plastic force are provided; Induction heating, blanking calculation of parameter and lectotype selection knowledge are provided;

Combined die computing module: the design knowledge of combined die is provided, two-layer combined die, three layers of combined die CALCULATION OF PARAMETERS, design are provided;

Three-dimensional model driver module: comprise three-dimensional driving, online management and two-dimentional transformation function; The 3-D geometric model design basis platform of application and development can read the three-dimensional model geometric information of the arbitrary shape of input system automatically, and generates the configuration file with its parameter correlation connection, realizes geometric model driving parametrization; When all kinds of three-dimensional models design of part, forging, mould, by the correlation parameter of input geometric model, system generates the three-dimensional model consistent with geometric parameter automatically;

Numerical simulation driver module: comprise pre-treatment driving and aftertreatment preservation; Numerical simulation amoeboid movement parameter, grid division parameter, material model and temperature parameter, exposure parameter, environmental parameter pre-treatment parameter are set in system, simultaneously numerical simulation pre-treatment parameter is preserved with the key document form, by calling the port program of numerical simulation, start numerical simulation software DEFORM, after finishing the pre-treatment modeling, import the key file of pre-treatment parameter into DEFORM, finish the setting of pre-treatment parameter; After numerical simulation finishes, DB file, stress picture, strain picture, damage picture, the power that forms can be kept in the system value simulation process administration module in the form mode by the curve object information;

Process knowledge evaluation module: according to the design knowledge of precision analysis calculating, deformation analysis calculating, power energy calculation of parameter, numerical simulation industrial analysis formation, system provides data analysis, graphic analyses, text analyzing on-line analysis function, feasibility, technological parameter to the product Plastic Forming are estimated, and design is fit to technology and the parameter form of product precision plastic forming;

Operation and parameter designing and scheduler module: in conjunction with the blanking in the precision plastic forming knowledge base, heating, warm working, annealing, cold forming, equipment knowledge, formulate operation route and the parameter of product shaping; System provides standard or self-defining process chart template, and the user imports product attribute, operation title, parameter index, technical requirement, operation requirement, pictorial information according to the product production engineering specifications, and system generates operation card automatically;

Mould structure design and load module: mold materials, mould quality of fit, punch structure, die structure, flash gutters, circulation cooling structure, guide frame, mould bases structure mold design knowledge are provided, application is based on the three-dimensional model method of driving, the three-dimensional dimension that can realize punch, die, punch fixed cover, die shrink ring, mould bases, backing plate, any mould parts of ejector beam drives, two-dimentional drawing generates, and finishes the assembling of the correction of mould parts partial structurtes, mould parts on the basis.

4. the precision plastic forming knowledge-base design system based on knowledge as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

Example retrieval module: retrieve qualified example;

Example evaluation of result module: the technology to the example of similarity maximum is analyzed, whether similarly to geometric type, technical requirement, the process of target product estimate, if meet the production engineering specifications of target product, then can on this example basis, design perfect to target product technology; If do not meet the production engineering specifications of target product, then retrieve or adopt rule-based process design method again.

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