CN103263248A - Bifocal binocular optical coherence tomography (OCT) real-time imaging system and method on basis of ring cavity frequency sweep - Google Patents
Bifocal binocular optical coherence tomography (OCT) real-time imaging system and method on basis of ring cavity frequency sweep Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bifocal binocular optical coherence tomography (OCT) real-time imaging system and method on the basis of ring cavity frequency sweep. The system is based on a ring cavity frequency sweep OCT system. Through adjustment of a low coherent light polarization state input in a sample arm, a half wave plate is arranged in a ring cavity of the sample arm, and therefore polarization state switching of light of two linear polarization states in an odd-even light circulation process is achieved. A polarization beam splitter is arranged in the sample arm to establish two initial zero optical path reference surfaces of P channel light and S channel light and different light focusing positions. Finally, different carrier frequency amounts are used for distinguishing the P channel light and the S channel light, wherein the P channel light and the S channel light are of different ring cavity levels. Non-confused high-precision splicing of binocular OCT images can be achieved by using only a single high bandwidth balancing photoelectric detector. Due to the fact that the system generates a plurality of zero optical path reference surfaces through a light circulation method, binocular real-time imaging can be achieved. In addition, due to the fact that the bifocal sample arm is adopted, high-sensitivity imaging within a binocular range can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical coherent chromatographic imaging (OCT) technology, relate in particular to a kind of bifocus full eye OCT Real Time Image System and method based on the ring cavity frequency sweep.
Background technology
Adjusting is human eye in order to see a kind of ability that closer object changes the ophthalmic refractive state clearly, and it can make closer object at the retina blur-free imaging.The factor that influences refractive status has a lot, comprises cornea system, crystal system, axis oculi etc.Wherein axis oculi is one of key factor that influences the ophthalmic refractive state.Axiallength is defined as anterior surface of cornea to the distance of retina front surface.The change senior general of axiallength directly causes the myopiaization of eyeball.Thereby caused the concern of more and more research groups.
(optical coherence tomography OCT) is a kind of non-intruding based on low coherence interference, non-contact type medical imaging means to optical coherent chromatographic imaging.This technology is suitable for the detection by quantitative eyes and changes each system surfaces form of refractive status front and back, the dynamic change of system's thickness and position very much.From 1994, after people such as Izatt are applied to cornea and anterior chamber of eye imaging with the OCT technology first, become the ideal tools of measuring and analyzing anterior chamber of eye tissue and structure now, can be used for diagnosing the abnormality of tissues such as cornea, iris, angle, room, help diagnosis and the research of common oculopathy such as glaucoma, cataract especially, this technology also is widely used in regulating and the presbyopia Study on Pathogenesis.Yet, because time domain system can not carry out disposable dynamic imaging to whole full eye (comprising cornea, iris, anterior chamber, crystalline lens and retina), thereby can't satisfy the application demand of full eye imaging more at a high speed.
In recent years, increasing research group uses novel Fourier domain OCT technology (comprising spectral coverage OCT and frequency sweep OCT) to implement the imaging of full eye.Traditional Fourier domain OCT is subject to imaging depth (being about 6-7mm usually), thereby can't satisfy the demand (axial dimension is about 37 mm) of full eye imaging.Thereby in order to realize the fast optical coherence chromatographic imaging of full eye, a plurality of research groups have proposed multiple evolutionary approach.People such as Cuixia Dai propose to adopt the mode of two ccd detectors and two reference arms to implement the imaging of full eye, yet this scheme need adopt two CCD, thereby system cost is too high; People such as Marco Ruggeri propose to adopt the high-velocity scanning galvanometer are set in reference arm, by scanning the reference mirror of a plurality of diverse locations, realize the timesharing imaging of many zero light path plane of references in the full eye scope.Because this system adopts scanning galvanometer to realize the switching of many zero light path plane of references and the acquisition time of interference signal, thereby its system bottleneck is that mainly scanning galvanometer switches the speed (being about 200 μ s its average time) of reference mirror, thereby and is not suitable for more at a high speed full eye imaging applications.In addition, because scanning galvanometer may be introduced extra path-length error in the process of switching many reference mirrors, so its degree of accuracy to the measurement of axiallength also will be affected; People such as Hyuu-Woo Jeong have proposed to adopt mode that light opens the light and have realized full anterior ocular segment and the imaging of amphiblestroid timesharing substep in conjunction with Polarization-Sensitive type OCT technology, this technology is with respect to the technical scheme that adopts scanning galvanometer, improved switch speed greatly, the switching frequency of 1 MHz can be reached in theory, but still whole full ocular structure realtime imaging demand more at a high speed can't be satisfied.And this system is subject to spectral resolution, crystalline lens part that can't the imaging anterior ocular segment.The Fujimoto group of masschusetts, u.s.a Polytechnics adopts a kind of swept light source based on the vertical cavity surface emitting, and this light source has good instantaneous live width, can carry out fast imaging to whole full ocular structure.Yet this swept light source still is in the laboratory research stage, and excessive coherence length may also can introduce bigger self correlation noise, thus the image quality of the full eye of influence, and this system is that lateral resolution by sacrificial system realizes the imaging of full eye.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of bifocus full eye OCT Real Time Image System and method based on the ring cavity frequency sweep is provided.The present invention seeks to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The present invention proposes a kind of full eye of bifocus OCT Real Time Image System based on the ring cavity frequency sweep: comprise swept light source, first single-mode optical-fibre coupler, second single-mode optical-fibre coupler, the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler, the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler, polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, first fiber adapter, second fiber adapter, polarization state switch, the first acousto-optic frequency shifter, rising tone optical frequency shift device, first semiconductor optical amplifier, second semiconductor optical amplifier, the first optical path delay line, the second optical path delay line, first polarizing beam splitter, second polarizing beam splitter, the 3rd polarizing beam splitter, the polarization maintaining optical fibre device that goes in ring, the single-mode fiber circulator, first optical fiber collimator, second optical fiber collimator, the 3rd optical fiber collimator, polarization splitting prism, corner cube prism, first reflecting mirror, second reflecting mirror, scanning galvanometer, first lens, second lens, the 3rd lens, full eye to be measured, first Polarization Controller, second Polarization Controller, the 3rd Polarization Controller, Mach-Zehnder interferometer is demarcated unit, high bandwidth balance photodetector, high-speed data acquisition card and computer.
Swept light source demarcates the input of unit with Mach-Zehnder interferometer respectively by first single-mode optical-fibre coupler and the input of second single-mode optical-fibre coupler is connected, and the circuit output end that Mach-Zehnder interferometer is demarcated the unit is connected with one of them input signal channel of high-speed data acquisition card; Two outfans of second single-mode optical-fibre coupler are connected with the input of first Polarization Controller and one of them input of the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler respectively; First Polarization Controller connects the input of first fiber adapter, and the outfan of first fiber adapter is connected with one of them input of polarization-maintaining fiber coupler; One of them outfan of polarization-maintaining fiber coupler connects the input of polarization state switch, the outfan of polarization state switch connects the input of the first acousto-optic frequency shifter, the outfan of the first acousto-optic frequency shifter connects the input of first semiconductor optical amplifier, the outfan of first semiconductor optical amplifier is connected with another input of polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, constitutes to have the gain compensation type path mismatch torus that different polarization states is switched under the odd even time light recurrent state.Another outfan of polarization-maintaining fiber coupler connects the input of first polarizing beam splitter; One of them outfan of first polarizing beam splitter is connected with the input of the first optical path delay line, another outfan is connected with one of them input of second polarizing beam splitter, the outfan of the first optical path delay line is connected with another input of second polarizing beam splitter, and the outfan of second polarizing beam splitter connects the input of the belt device of polarization maintaining optical fibre.First outfan of the belt device of polarization maintaining optical fibre connects the input of the 3rd polarizing beam splitter, and two outfans of the 3rd polarizing beam splitter connect first optical fiber collimator and second optical fiber collimator respectively; Second outfan of the belt device of polarization maintaining optical fibre connects the input of second fiber adapter, and the outfan of second fiber adapter connects one of them input of the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler; One of them outfan of the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler connects the input of rising tone optical frequency shift device, the outfan of rising tone optical frequency shift device connects the input of second semiconductor optical amplifier, the outfan of second semiconductor optical amplifier connects the input of second Polarization Controller, the outfan of second Polarization Controller connects the input of the second optical path delay line, the outfan of the second optical path delay line is connected with another input of the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler, constitute reference arm gain compensation type path mismatch torus, another outfan of the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler connects the input of single-mode fiber circulator, first outfan of single-mode fiber circulator connects the input of the 3rd optical fiber collimator, second outfan of single-mode fiber circulator connects the input of the 3rd Polarization Controller, and the outfan of the 3rd Polarization Controller connects another input of the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler; Two outfans of the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler connect two inputs of high bandwidth balance photodetector respectively, and the circuit output end of this high bandwidth balance photodetector is connected with another input signal channel of high-speed data acquisition card; The outfan of high-speed data acquisition card is connected with computer.The triggering signal outfan of swept light source is connected with high-speed data acquisition card triggering signal input.
After the low-coherent light that swept light source is sent enters first single-mode optical-fibre coupler, part light enters Mach-Zehnder interferometer and demarcates the unit, another part light is divided into two-way by second single-mode optical-fibre coupler, wherein one road light enters polarization-maintaining fiber coupler after by first Polarization Controller and first fiber adapter, and another road light enters the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler; The light that enters polarization-maintaining fiber coupler is told a part of light and is entered first polarizing beam splitter, light by first polarizing beam splitter is divided into two-way, the first optical path delay line of leading up to enters second polarizing beam splitter, another road directly enters second polarizing beam splitter, enter the input of the belt device of polarization maintaining optical fibre from the light of the second polarizing beam splitter outgoing, enter the go in ring light of device of polarization maintaining optical fibre and enter the input of the 3rd polarizing beam splitter by first outfan, enter the input of first optical fiber collimator and second optical fiber collimator from the light of the 3rd polarizing beam splitter outgoing respectively; Inject full eye to be measured from the light of the first optical fiber collimator outgoing after by polarization splitting prism, scanning galvanometer and first lens, inject full eye to be measured from the light of the second optical fiber collimator outgoing after by corner cube prism, first reflecting mirror, second lens, polarization splitting prism, scanning galvanometer and first lens, because the optical facilities of two-way light design is different, so two-way light focuses on full anterior ocular segment and the retinal area of eyes respectively.The light of returning from full eye reflex to be measured, because its polarization state may be subjected to the change of eyes biological tissue, so may pass through two collimating mirror reflected back the 3rd polarizing beam splitters simultaneously, therefore in order to prevent the generation of false picture, and the raising detection efficient, the optical path difference of two-way optical facilities needs strict coupling.The light that reflects from the 3rd polarizing beam splitter is again by polarization maintaining optical fibre go in ring first outfan, the polarization maintaining optical fibre of device go in ring second outfan of device and one of them input that second fiber adapter is injected the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler; Enter for the second time polarization-maintaining fiber coupler from another part light of polarization-maintaining fiber coupler output after by polarization state switch, the first acousto-optic frequency shifter and first semiconductor optical amplifier, the light that enters for the second time polarization-maintaining fiber coupler is divided into two parts equally, arrive the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler respectively along above-mentioned path and enter polarization-maintaining fiber coupler for the third time, by that analogy, the light that enters polarization-maintaining fiber coupler for the N-1 time also arrives the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler and enters polarization-maintaining fiber coupler the N time along above-mentioned path.The same light that enters the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler is also told the input that a part of light enters the single-mode fiber circulator, after entering the 3rd optical fiber collimator by first outfan, the light that enters the single-mode fiber circulator injects the 3rd lens and second reflecting mirror, the light that reflects enters the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler after passing through first outfan of single-mode fiber circulator, second outfan and the 3rd Polarization Controller successively.Pass through rising tone optical frequency shift device from another part light of the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler output, second semiconductor optical amplifier, enter for the second time the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler behind second Polarization Controller and the second optical path delay line, the light that enters for the second time the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler is divided into two parts equally, arrive the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler respectively along above-mentioned path and enter the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler for the third time, by that analogy, the N-1 light that enters the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler also arrives the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler and enters the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler for the N time along above-mentioned path.Above-mentioned all light that enter the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler interfere, interference signal is surveyed through high bandwidth balance photodetector, the measured interference signal in two-way unit is by the high-speed data acquisition card synchronous acquisition, the signal that collects is transferred in the internal memory of computer and carries out date processing, and the outfan of high-speed data acquisition card is connected with computer.
A kind of full eye of bifocus OCT realtime imaging method based on the ring cavity frequency sweep, this method may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: the polarization state by first Polarization Controller is regulated low-coherent light in the sample arm is line polarized light.And in the ring cavity of sample arm, half-wave plate is set, and realize the switching of this line polarized light two kinds of linear polarization in odd even time light cyclic process, be respectively P light and S light;
Step 2: polarizing beam splitter is set in sample arm, thereby makes up the two kinds of initial zero light path plane of reference and different light focal positions of P passage light and S passage light, be respectively full anterior ocular segment and retinal area;
Step 3: utilize different carrier frequency amounts to distinguish different ring cavity levels inferior P passage light and S passage light, thereby only adopt single high bandwidth balance photodetector just can realize that the nothing of the OCT image of eye is obscured high-precision joining entirely.
Step 4: the demarcation unit based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer is set in this system, and this demarcation unit can produce the demarcation interference spectrum signal with specific light path difference; The data collecting card synchronizing detection should be demarcated the interference spectrum signal of interference spectrum signal and full eye, and was transferred to and carries out date processing in the calculator memory; Its data processing step is as follows: earlier the measured interference spectrum signal in full eye realtime imaging unit is carried out signal processing according to Fourier transformation, filtering, the order that removes carrier frequency, inverse Fourier transform, obtain the interference spectrum signal after specific ring cavity level time is removed the carrier frequency amount; Adopt method based on the direct interpolation of wave number space of this spectrum phase information to obtain wave number OCT imaging signal sampled points spaced apart such as abundant to the demarcation interference spectrum signal that collects again; Then specific ring cavity level time remove after the carrier frequency amount the interference spectrum signal by to these etc. wave number sampled point spaced apart directly carry out Fourier transformation and can recover full eye corresponding to the depth structure information of this ring cavity level time; Finally splice by the OCT image to a plurality of ring cavity levels time, thereby realize the frequency sweep OCT realtime imaging of full eye.Carry out Fourier transformation because interference signal such as is based at wave number sampled point spaced apart, therefore guaranteed the high axial resolution in the full eye scope.
Compare with background technology, the beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
1. utilize ring cavity with different carrier frequency amounts that P passage light and the S passage light of different ring cavity number of times are carried out space encoding, thereby can use single high bandwidth balance detection device to realize that the detection of interference signal and the nothing of full eye pattern picture obscure splicing.
2. distinguish P passage light and realize two kinds of initial zero light path position and different focus focal positions (laying respectively at full anterior ocular segment and retinal area) that different polarization states light is different with S passage light, be convenient to the high sensitivity detection of full ocular structure.
3. adopt the method for light circulation to make up many zero light path plane of references, with respect to adopting light to open the light and galvanometer switches the mode of reference arm, make up on the speed of many zero light path plane of references sooner, be convenient to the real-time detection more at a high speed of full ocular structure.
4. utilize Mach-Zehnder interferometer to demarcate the unit and gather demarcation signal, the signal of a plurality of different ring cavity levels time is carried out frequency-division section handle, the Fourier transformation at wave numbers such as enforcements interval is convenient to the OCT realtime imaging of high axial resolution.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the full eye of the bifocus OCT Real Time Image System structure chart based on the ring cavity frequency sweep of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of polarization state switch of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of system of the present invention full eye imaging;
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of data processing figure of system of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
As shown in Figure 1, native system comprises swept light source 1, the first single-mode optical-fibre coupler 2, the second single-mode optical-fibre couplers 3, the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler 10, the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler 35, polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 6, the first fiber adapter 5, second fiber adapter 33, polarization state switch 7, the first acousto-optic frequency shifters 8, rising tone optical frequency shift device 11, first semiconductor optical amplifier 9, second semiconductor optical amplifier, 12, the first optical path delay lines, 16, the second optical path delay lines 14, first polarizing beam splitter 15, second polarizing beam splitter, 17, the three polarizing beam splitters 19, the polarization maintaining optical fibre device 18 that goes in ring, single-mode fiber circulator 29, first optical fiber collimator, 20, the second optical fiber collimators, 21, the three optical fiber collimators 30, polarization splitting prism 25, corner cube prism 22, the first reflecting mirrors 23, the second reflecting mirrors 32, scanning galvanometer 26, first lens, 27, the second lens, 24, the three lens 31, full eye 28 to be measured, first Polarization Controller, 4, the second Polarization Controllers, 13, the three Polarization Controllers 34, Mach-Zehnder interferometer is demarcated unit 37, high bandwidth balance photodetector 36, high-speed data acquisition card 38, computer 39.
Swept light source 1 demarcates the input of unit 37 with Mach-Zehnder interferometer respectively by first single-mode optical-fibre coupler 2 and the input of second single-mode optical-fibre coupler 3 is connected, and the circuit output end that Mach-Zehnder interferometer is demarcated unit 37 is connected with one of them input signal channel of high-speed data acquisition card 38; Two outfans of second single-mode optical-fibre coupler 3 are connected with the input of first Polarization Controller 4 and one of them input of the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler 10 respectively; First Polarization Controller 4 connects the input of first fiber adapter 5, and the outfan of first fiber adapter 5 is connected with one of them input of polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 6; One of them outfan of polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 6 connects 7 inputs of polarization state switch, the outfan of polarization state switch 7 connects the input of the first acousto-optic frequency shifter 8, the outfan of the first acousto-optic frequency shifter 8 connects the input of first semiconductor optical amplifier 9, the outfan of first semiconductor optical amplifier 9 is connected with 6 another inputs of polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, constitutes to have the gain compensation type path mismatch torus that different polarization states is switched under the odd even time light recurrent state.Another outfan of polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 6 connects the input of first polarizing beam splitter 15; One of them outfan of first polarizing beam splitter 15 is connected with the input of the first optical path delay line 16, another outfan is connected with one of them input of second polarizing beam splitter 17, the outfan of the first optical path delay line 16 is connected with another input of second polarizing beam splitter 17, and the outfan of second polarizing beam splitter 17 connects the input of the belt device 18 of polarization maintaining optical fibre.First outfan of the belt device 18 of polarization maintaining optical fibre connects the input of the 3rd polarizing beam splitter 19, and two outfans of the 3rd polarizing beam splitter 19 connect first optical fiber collimator 20 and second optical fiber collimator 21 respectively; Second outfan of the belt device 18 of polarization maintaining optical fibre connects the input of second fiber adapter 33, and the outfan of second fiber adapter 33 connects one of them input of the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler 35; One of them outfan of the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler 10 connects the input of rising tone optical frequency shift device 11, the outfan of rising tone optical frequency shift device 11 connects the input of second semiconductor optical amplifier 12, the outfan of second semiconductor optical amplifier 12 connects the input of second Polarization Controller 13, the outfan of second Polarization Controller 13 connects the input of the second optical path delay line 14, the outfan of the second optical path delay line 14 is connected with another input of the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler 10, constitute reference arm gain compensation type path mismatch torus, another outfan of the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler 10 connects the input of single-mode fiber circulator 29, first outfan of single-mode fiber circulator 29 connects the input of the 3rd optical fiber collimator 30, second outfan of single-mode fiber circulator 29 connects the input of the 3rd Polarization Controller 34, and the outfan of the 3rd Polarization Controller 34 connects another input of the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler 35; Two outfans of the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler 35 connect two inputs of high bandwidth balance photodetector 36 respectively, and the circuit output end of this high bandwidth balance photodetector 36 is connected with another input signal channel of high-speed data acquisition card 38; The outfan of high-speed data acquisition card 38 is connected with computer 39.The triggering signal outfan of swept light source 1 is connected with high-speed data acquisition card 38 triggering signal inputs.
After the low-coherent light that swept light source 1 is sent enters first single-mode optical-fibre coupler 2, part light enters Mach-Zehnder interferometer and demarcates unit 37, another part light is divided into two-way by second single-mode optical-fibre coupler 3, wherein one road light enters polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 6 after by first Polarization Controller 4 and first fiber adapter 5, and another road light enters the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler 10; The light that enters polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 6 is told a part of light and is entered first polarizing beam splitter 15, light by first polarizing beam splitter 15 is divided into two-way, the first optical path delay line 16 of leading up to enters second polarizing beam splitter 17, another road directly enters second polarizing beam splitter 17, enter the input of the belt device 18 of polarization maintaining optical fibre from the light of second polarizing beam splitter, 17 outgoing, enter the go in ring light of device 18 of polarization maintaining optical fibre and enter the input of the 3rd polarizing beam splitter 19 by first outfan, enter the input of first optical fiber collimator 20 and second optical fiber collimator 21 from the light of the 3rd polarizing beam splitter 19 outgoing respectively; Inject full eye 28 to be measured from the light of the first optical fiber collimator outgoing after by polarization splitting prism 25, scanning galvanometer 26 and first lens 27, inject full eye 28 to be measured from the light of second optical fiber collimator, 21 outgoing after by corner cube prism 22, first reflecting mirror 23, second lens 24, polarization splitting prism 25, scanning galvanometer 26 and first lens 27, because the optical facilities of two-way light design is different, so two-way light focuses on full anterior ocular segment and the retinal area of eyes respectively.From full eye 28 light that reflect to be measured, because its polarization state may be subjected to the change of eyes biological tissue, so may pass through two collimating mirror reflected back the 3rd polarizing beam splitters simultaneously, therefore in order to prevent the generation of false picture, and the raising detection efficient, the optical path difference of two-way optical facilities needs strict coupling.The light that reflects from the 3rd polarizing beam splitter 19 is again by polarization maintaining optical fibre go in ring first outfan, the polarization maintaining optical fibre of device 18 go in ring second outfan of device 18 and one of them input that second fiber adapter 33 is injected the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler 35; Enter for the second time polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 6 from another part light of polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 6 outputs by polarization state switch 7, the first acousto-optic frequency shifter 8 and first semiconductor optical amplifier, 9 backs, the light that enters for the second time polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 6 is divided into two parts equally, arrive the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler 35 respectively along above-mentioned path and enter polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 6 for the third time, by that analogy, the light that enters polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 6 for the N-1 time also arrives the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler 35 and enters polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 6 for the N time along above-mentioned path.The same light that enters the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler 10 is also told the input that a part of light enters single-mode fiber circulator 29, after entering the 3rd optical fiber collimator 30 by first outfan, the light that enters single-mode fiber circulator 29 injects the 3rd lens 31 and second reflecting mirror 32, the light that reflects enters the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler 35 after passing through first outfan of single-mode fiber circulator 29, second outfan and the 3rd Polarization Controller 34 successively.Pass through rising tone optical frequency shift device 11 from another part light of the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler 10 outputs, second semiconductor optical amplifier 12, second Polarization Controller 13 and the second optical path delay line, 14 backs enter the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler 10 for the second time, 10 light that enter for the second time the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler are divided into two parts equally, arrive the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler 35 respectively along above-mentioned path and enter the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler 10 for the third time, by that analogy, the N-1 light that enters the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler 10 also arrives the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler 35 and enters the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler 10 for the N time along above-mentioned path.Above-mentioned all light that enter the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler 35 interfere, interference signal is surveyed through high bandwidth balance photodetector 36, the measured interference signal in two-way unit is by high-speed data acquisition card 38 synchronous acquisition, the signal that collects is transferred in the internal memory of computer 39 and carries out date processing, and the outfan of high-speed data acquisition card 38 is connected with computer 39.The triggering signal of high-speed data acquisition card 38 is produced by swept light source 1, and solid line partly is optical fiber among the figure, and chain-dotted line partly is circuit connecting wire, and the solid line of overstriking is partly represented polarization maintaining optical fibre.
Be illustrated in figure 2 as the structure chart of polarization state switch of the present invention, this polarization state switch comprises the 4th fiber optic collimator mirror 40, half-wave plate 41, the 5th fiber optic collimator mirror 42, the each circulation of light in the sample arm torus all needs through 40 outgoing of the 4th fiber optic collimator mirror, passes through behind the half-wave plate 41 again by the 5th fiber optic collimator mirror 42 coupled back into optical fibers.The switching of polarization state realizes by the conversion of half-wave plate to S passage light and P passage light.
Be illustrated in figure 3 as the schematic diagram of system of the present invention full eye imaging; Owing in the sample arm of frequency sweep optical coherence tomography system and reference arm, be respectively arranged with the gain compensation type path mismatch torus of different carrier frequency amounts, therefore the hypervelocity stepping in the path mismatch torus based on reference light and sample light, to produce a plurality of zero light path reference positions, as shown in Figure 3, be respectively a, b, c, d, odd even time light circulation is at different polarization states (P light and S light), the light of different polarization states focuses on the diverse location of full eye, and the light of different ring cavity level time is corresponding to the different depth zone of full eye.Therefore, this system can realize highly sensitive full eye OCT realtime imaging.By adjusting different ring cavity levels time polarization state of light, different ring cavity optical path differences is set, different initial 1 light path points and the light type of focusing that different passages are set being set, we can realize multiple axial scan pattern, as shown in Figure 3 in addition, work as N=0, N=2 is S passage light, and N=1, N=3 are the P passage light time, axial scan pattern in 4 can be arranged, N=0 is worked as in same selection, and N=2 is P passage light, N=1, N=3 is the S passage light time, and 4 kinds of axial scan patterns also can be arranged.
Be illustrated in figure 4 as the flow chart of data processing figure of system of the present invention, because the carrier frequency amount is greater than the path mismatch amount of ring cavity, thereby can on frequency domain, distinguish fully at a plurality of ring cavity levels that have full ocular structure information that collect on the Depth Domain time interference signal.And for fear of the influence of artificial carrier frequency to the entrained sample structure information of original interference signal, and the axial resolution that guarantees system in the whole full eye scope is close to theoretical value.Should be at first adopt method based on the direct interpolation of wave number space of this spectrum phase information to obtain wave number OCT imaging signal sampled points spaced apart such as abundant to the demarcation interference spectrum signal that collects; Again to specific ring cavity level time remove after the carrier frequency amount the interference spectrum signal by to these etc. wave number sampled point spaced apart directly carry out Fourier transformation and recover full eye corresponding to the depth structure information of this ring cavity level time; Finally splice by the OCT image to a plurality of ring cavity levels time, thereby realize the frequency sweep OCT realtime imaging of full eye.
Claims (2)
1. one kind based on the full eye of the bifocus of ring cavity frequency sweep OCT Real Time Image System: comprise swept light source, first single-mode optical-fibre coupler, second single-mode optical-fibre coupler, the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler, the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler, polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, first fiber adapter, second fiber adapter, polarization state switch, the first acousto-optic frequency shifter, rising tone optical frequency shift device, first semiconductor optical amplifier, second semiconductor optical amplifier, the first optical path delay line, the second optical path delay line, first polarizing beam splitter, second polarizing beam splitter, the 3rd polarizing beam splitter, the polarization maintaining optical fibre device that goes in ring, the single-mode fiber circulator, first optical fiber collimator, second optical fiber collimator, the 3rd optical fiber collimator, polarization splitting prism, corner cube prism, first reflecting mirror, second reflecting mirror, scanning galvanometer, first lens, second lens, the 3rd lens, full eye to be measured, first Polarization Controller, second Polarization Controller, the 3rd Polarization Controller, Mach-Zehnder interferometer is demarcated unit, high bandwidth balance photodetector, high-speed data acquisition card and computer;
It is characterized in that: swept light source demarcates the input of unit with Mach-Zehnder interferometer respectively by first single-mode optical-fibre coupler and the input of second single-mode optical-fibre coupler is connected, and the circuit output end that Mach-Zehnder interferometer is demarcated the unit is connected with one of them input signal channel of high-speed data acquisition card; Two outfans of second single-mode optical-fibre coupler are connected with the input of first Polarization Controller and one of them input of the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler respectively; First Polarization Controller connects the input of first fiber adapter, and the outfan of first fiber adapter is connected with one of them input of polarization-maintaining fiber coupler; One of them outfan of polarization-maintaining fiber coupler connects the input of polarization state switch, the outfan of polarization state switch connects the input of the first acousto-optic frequency shifter, the outfan of the first acousto-optic frequency shifter connects the input of first semiconductor optical amplifier, the outfan of first semiconductor optical amplifier is connected with another input of polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, constitutes to have the gain compensation type path mismatch torus that different polarization states is switched under the odd even time light recurrent state; Another outfan of polarization-maintaining fiber coupler connects the input of first polarizing beam splitter; One of them outfan of first polarizing beam splitter is connected with the input of the first optical path delay line, another outfan is connected with one of them input of second polarizing beam splitter, the outfan of the first optical path delay line is connected with another input of second polarizing beam splitter, and the outfan of second polarizing beam splitter connects the input of the belt device of polarization maintaining optical fibre; First outfan of the belt device of polarization maintaining optical fibre connects the input of the 3rd polarizing beam splitter, and two outfans of the 3rd polarizing beam splitter connect first optical fiber collimator and second optical fiber collimator respectively; Second outfan of the belt device of polarization maintaining optical fibre connects the input of second fiber adapter, and the outfan of second fiber adapter connects one of them input of the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler; One of them outfan of the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler connects the input of rising tone optical frequency shift device, the outfan of rising tone optical frequency shift device connects the input of second semiconductor optical amplifier, the outfan of second semiconductor optical amplifier connects the input of second Polarization Controller, the outfan of second Polarization Controller connects the input of the second optical path delay line, the outfan of the second optical path delay line is connected with another input of the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler, constitute reference arm gain compensation type path mismatch torus, another outfan of the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler connects the input of single-mode fiber circulator, first outfan of single-mode fiber circulator connects the input of the 3rd optical fiber collimator, second outfan of single-mode fiber circulator connects the input of the 3rd Polarization Controller, and the outfan of the 3rd Polarization Controller connects another input of the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler; Two outfans of the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler connect two inputs of high bandwidth balance photodetector respectively, and the circuit output end of this high bandwidth balance photodetector is connected with another input signal channel of high-speed data acquisition card; The outfan of high-speed data acquisition card is connected with computer; The triggering signal outfan of swept light source is connected with high-speed data acquisition card triggering signal input;
After the low-coherent light that swept light source is sent enters first single-mode optical-fibre coupler, part light enters Mach-Zehnder interferometer and demarcates the unit, another part light is divided into two-way by second single-mode optical-fibre coupler, wherein one road light enters polarization-maintaining fiber coupler after by first Polarization Controller and first fiber adapter, and another road light enters the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler; The light that enters polarization-maintaining fiber coupler is told a part of light and is entered first polarizing beam splitter, light by first polarizing beam splitter is divided into two-way, the first optical path delay line of leading up to enters second polarizing beam splitter, another road directly enters second polarizing beam splitter, enter the input of the belt device of polarization maintaining optical fibre from the light of the second polarizing beam splitter outgoing, enter the go in ring light of device of polarization maintaining optical fibre and enter the input of the 3rd polarizing beam splitter by first outfan, enter the input of first optical fiber collimator and second optical fiber collimator from the light of the 3rd polarizing beam splitter outgoing respectively; Inject full eye to be measured from the light of the first optical fiber collimator outgoing after by polarization splitting prism, scanning galvanometer and first lens, inject full eye to be measured from the light of the second optical fiber collimator outgoing after by corner cube prism, first reflecting mirror, second lens, polarization splitting prism, scanning galvanometer and first lens, because the optical facilities of two-way light design is different, so two-way light focuses on full anterior ocular segment and the retinal area of eyes respectively; The light of returning from full eye reflex to be measured, because its polarization state may be subjected to the change of eyes biological tissue, so may pass through two collimating mirror reflected back the 3rd polarizing beam splitters simultaneously, therefore in order to prevent the generation of false picture, and the raising detection efficient, the optical path difference of two-way optical facilities needs strict coupling; The light that reflects from the 3rd polarizing beam splitter is again by polarization maintaining optical fibre go in ring first outfan, the polarization maintaining optical fibre of device go in ring second outfan of device and one of them input that second fiber adapter is injected the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler; Enter for the second time polarization-maintaining fiber coupler from another part light of polarization-maintaining fiber coupler output after by polarization state switch, the first acousto-optic frequency shifter and first semiconductor optical amplifier, the light that enters for the second time polarization-maintaining fiber coupler is divided into two parts equally, arrive the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler respectively along above-mentioned path and enter polarization-maintaining fiber coupler for the third time, by that analogy, the light that enters polarization-maintaining fiber coupler for the N-1 time also arrives the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler and enters polarization-maintaining fiber coupler the N time along above-mentioned path; The same light that enters the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler is also told the input that a part of light enters the single-mode fiber circulator, after entering the 3rd optical fiber collimator by first outfan, the light that enters the single-mode fiber circulator injects the 3rd lens and second reflecting mirror, the light that reflects enters the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler after passing through first outfan of single-mode fiber circulator, second outfan and the 3rd Polarization Controller successively; Pass through rising tone optical frequency shift device from another part light of the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler output, second semiconductor optical amplifier, enter for the second time the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler behind second Polarization Controller and the second optical path delay line, the light that enters for the second time the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler is divided into two parts equally, arrive the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler respectively along above-mentioned path and enter the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler for the third time, by that analogy, the N-1 light that enters the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler also arrives the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler and enters the 3rd single-mode optical-fibre coupler for the N time along above-mentioned path; Above-mentioned all light that enter the 4th single-mode optical-fibre coupler interfere, interference signal is surveyed through high bandwidth balance photodetector, the measured interference signal in two-way unit is by the high-speed data acquisition card synchronous acquisition, the signal that collects is transferred in the internal memory of computer and carries out date processing, and the outfan of high-speed data acquisition card is connected with computer.
2. one kind based on the full eye of the bifocus of ring cavity frequency sweep OCT realtime imaging method, it is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: the polarization state by first Polarization Controller is regulated low-coherent light in the sample arm is line polarized light; And in the ring cavity of sample arm, half-wave plate is set, and realize the switching of this line polarized light two kinds of linear polarization in odd even time light cyclic process, be respectively P light and S light;
Step 2: polarizing beam splitter is set in sample arm, thereby makes up the two kinds of initial zero light path plane of reference and different light focal positions of P passage light and S passage light, be respectively full anterior ocular segment and retinal area;
Step 3: utilize different carrier frequency amounts to distinguish different ring cavity levels inferior P passage light and S passage light, thereby only adopt single high bandwidth balance photodetector just can realize that the nothing of the OCT image of eye is obscured high-precision joining entirely;
Step 4: the demarcation unit based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer is set in this system, and this demarcation unit can produce the demarcation interference spectrum signal with specific light path difference; The data collecting card synchronizing detection should be demarcated the interference spectrum signal of interference spectrum signal and full eye, and was transferred to and carries out date processing in the calculator memory; Its data processing step is as follows: earlier the measured interference spectrum signal in full eye realtime imaging unit is carried out signal processing according to Fourier transformation, filtering, the order that removes carrier frequency, inverse Fourier transform, obtain the interference spectrum signal after specific ring cavity level time is removed the carrier frequency amount; Adopt method based on the direct interpolation of wave number space of this spectrum phase information to obtain wave number OCT imaging signal sampled points spaced apart such as abundant to the demarcation interference spectrum signal that collects again; Then specific ring cavity level time remove after the carrier frequency amount the interference spectrum signal by to these etc. wave number sampled point spaced apart directly carry out Fourier transformation and can recover full eye corresponding to the depth structure information of this ring cavity level time; Finally splice by the OCT image to a plurality of ring cavity levels time, thereby realize the frequency sweep OCT realtime imaging of full eye; Carry out Fourier transformation because interference signal such as is based at wave number sampled point spaced apart, therefore guaranteed the high axial resolution in the full eye scope.
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