CN102928499B - Rapid analysis device and method for ambient air volatile organic compounds - Google Patents
Rapid analysis device and method for ambient air volatile organic compounds Download PDFInfo
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- CN102928499B CN102928499B CN201210432846.3A CN201210432846A CN102928499B CN 102928499 B CN102928499 B CN 102928499B CN 201210432846 A CN201210432846 A CN 201210432846A CN 102928499 B CN102928499 B CN 102928499B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid analysis device and method for ambient air volatile organic compounds. The rapid analysis device comprises an ambient air sampling bottle, a sample leading-in mechanism and a reformed atmosphere pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometer. The rapid analysis method includes: using the ambient air sampling bottle to directly collect the ambient air, transferring the sampling bottle to a laboratory, directly leading the ambient air without concentration treatment into an ion source through an air manual switching four-way valve to be performed with rapid analysis through a reformed atmosphere pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (APCI-MS/MS). Compared with a traditional method for analyzing the volatile organic compounds in the ambient air, the ambient air sampling bottle and the sample leading-in mechanism in the method are simple in structure and convenient to operate, the iron source can achieve direct leading in of the air samples through the reformed APCI-MS/MS, the process from sample induction to data collection only needs several seconds, the sensitivity is high, the within-day precision and day repeatability are good, and the rapid analysis device and method are suitable for rapid analysis of the trace volatile organic compounds in the ambient air.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental analysis field, specifically, being a kind of fast analyser and method of surrounding air volatile organic compounds, is the method for utilizing volatile organic compounds in improved Atmosphere Pressure Chemical Ionization (APCI) (APCI) mass spectrum express-analysis surrounding air.
Background technology
Volatile organic compounds (Volatile Organic Compounds, VOCs) be the main vapor phase contaminants of a large class in surrounding air, having of having determined exceedes 500 kinds of compounds, comprise alkane, alkene, aromatic hydrocarbon, chlorinated aromatics, saturated and unsaturated aldehydes, ketone, ester class, alkyl halide and alcohols.Most volatile organic compounds such as, is classified according to its physicochemical property (boiling point, vapor pressure etc.), the World Health Organization (WHO) by VOCs be defined as can be adsorbed by solid adsorbent and boiling point at the organic compound of 50-260 DEG C.VOCs is extensively present in petroleum products, gasoline and coal tar, is discharged in atmosphere through approach such as petro chemical industry, vehicle exhaust, gasoline evaporation and leakages.According to the report of the World Health Organization (WHO) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), some VOCs can cause very large harm to human health and the ecosystem, and airborne VOCs is also the precursor of photochemical pollution, can form photo-chemical smog, and environment is worked the mischief.
In order to protect publilc health and environmental quality, necessary VOCs harmful in surrounding air is carried out to qualitative and quantitative analysis.In traditional analysis environments air, the method for VOCs is mainly by means collected specimens at the scene such as SUMMA tank, solid absorption, sampler bags, then transfer to laboratory, adopt the mode of solvent elution or thermal desorption to carry out pre-service, analyze with GC-FID, GC-PID, GC-MS or GC-MS/MS.Although these methods can reach very low detectability, all relate to the step such as desorb and pre-service, chromatographic resolution, detection and data processing of sample collection, sample transfer, analyte, need to expend a large amount of time.In addition, these methods also can only provide the average response concentration of sampling time section, and sample concentration information over time in sampling process can not be provided.In view of the some shortcomings that VOCs analysis and research method in current environment air exists, be therefore necessary the comparatively simple effective method of research and development for direct express-analysis surrounding air VOCs.
Atmosphere Pressure Chemical Ionization (APCI) (APCI) mass-spectrometric technique, it is a kind of soft ionization mass-spectrometric technique that RECENT DEVELOPMENTS is got up, its principal feature is in ionization process, only to there will be the parent ion of determinand, and does not produce or seldom produce fragmention, so this technology is very suitable for the research of complex mixture.The people such as Badjagbo (Badjagbo K, et al. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2009,20:829.) utilize improved APCI source to carry out the Direct Analysis of benzene homologues in surrounding air.Result of study shows that this technology has higher sensitivity and detectability, and applicable polycomponent detects.But the surrounding air acquisition mode of the method and gaseous sample introducing method are comparatively complicated, analyze unsatisfactory for the continuous fast sample of realizing gaseous sample.Therefore, the people such as Huang (Huang G M, et al, J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2010,21:132) develop the portable mass spectrum for analysis environments air, although this device can solve the deficiency that above-mentioned technology exists, but, what existing portable mass-spectrometric technique was used is all one dimension mass spectrum instead of tandem mass spectrum, and can not add interior mark in the time of quantitative test gaseous sample, and this has just limited the qualitative and quantitative analysis of portable mass spectrum to ambient air sampling.
Summary of the invention
What the object of the invention is to invent for the weak point existing in the existing analytical technology of surrounding air VOCs is a kind of fast analyser and method of surrounding air volatile organic compounds, is the method for utilizing volatile organic compounds in improved Atmosphere Pressure Chemical Ionization (APCI) (APCI) mass spectrum express-analysis surrounding air.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A fast analyser for surrounding air volatile organic compounds, comprises sampling environment air bottle 1, sample retraction mechanism 2 and the Atmosphere Pressure Chemical Ionization (APCI) tandem mass spectrometer 3 through transformation;
Described sampling environment air bottle 1 comprises the cylindrical bottle 1.1 of formula of and is located at respectively upper end bottle stopper 1.2 and the lower end bottle stopper 1.3 at bottle two ends, and the external diameter of upper end bottle stopper, lower end bottle stopper is identical with the internal diameter of cylindrical bottle, lower end bottle stopper 1.3 is flat-bottom structure, offers sample and add hand-hole 1.4 and gaseous sample fairlead 1.5 and seal by sealing-plug 1.6 on the bottle stopper of upper end;
Described sample retraction mechanism 2 is a manual switchover four-way valve, comprises gas sample introduction mouth 2.1, mass spectrometer gas sampling connector 2.2, pure air injection port 2.3 and evacuation port 2.4;
In the ionization source of described Atmosphere Pressure Chemical Ionization (APCI) tandem mass spectrometer 3, for original APCI capillary nozzle, the heavy caliber kapillary of external diameter 0.68 mm, internal diameter 0.53 mm substitutes, kapillary 3.1 directly communicates with external atmosphere pressure, kapillary stretches out part outside ion gun by temperature control transmission line 3.2 heating and thermal insulations, and gaseous sample is directly introduced in and in mass ion source, is carried out mass spectrophotometry by the negative pressure of improved ion gun inside.
The cylindrical bottle of described formula of is the sandwich construction that can be communicated with recirculated water, and thickness of interlayer is 3.0 ± 0.2 mm.Bottle volume can be determined as required, as 0.1 L, 0.5 L, 1 L etc.
In bottle, be placed with magnetic agitation rotor, for the volatilization of normal fluid sample.。
Described bottle generally adopts glass, stainless steel or selects material according to sampling media.
Described bottle stopper material is the materials such as teflon, glass or stainless steel; Described sealing-plug can be the materials such as fluororubber, nitrile rubber, silica gel, polypropylene.
Sample adds hand-hole and can internal standard compound be injected in hole thus by micro syringe; Gaseous sample fairlead can utilize kapillary that gaseous sample is drawn, and kapillary is stainless steel capillary or quartz capillary, and caliber size can need to be determined according to actual analysis.
Described pure air is to mix according to the concentration ratio of nitrogen in air and oxygen, as mass spectrum sample introduction background gas.
Described surrounding air sampling jar bottle inwall and bottle stopper all pass through Passivation Treatment.
Utilize the method for volatile organic compounds in said apparatus express-analysis surrounding air, directly to gather surrounding air with sampling environment air bottle, then sampling bottle is transferred to laboratory, the surrounding air gathering, without any pre-concentration processing, is introduced directly into ion gun by gas manual switchover four-way valve by surrounding air and carries out express-analysis through improved APCI-MS/MS.
Concrete grammar and process are as follows: surrounding air collecting bottle leaves standstill the surrounding air gaseous sample collecting and transfers to laboratory, then add hand-hole with micro syringe by sample and add interior mark, after volatilization evenly, gaseous sample is connected with the gas sample introduction mouth that gas switches four-way valve by the kapillary arranging in gaseous sample fairlead, process mass spectrometer gas sampling connector and mass spectrum sample introduction kapillary are introduced directly into the corona discharge region in APCI source, after corona discharge needle ionization, enter mass spectrometer mass analyzer through sample taper hole.Switch four-way valve by gas and be introduced directly in APCI-MS/MS ion gun, realize the express-analysis of gaseous sample.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention has designed a kind of surrounding air harvester, and standing sampling has substituted traditional pump acquisition mode, gaseous sample is without any concentrated or pre-service, has reduced to greatest extent the loss that gaseous sample causes due to sampling and physics or chemical change; On the other hand, mass ion source is transformed, ambient air sampling can be introduced directly into the corona discharge region of mass ion source by quartz capillary, greatly improved mass spectrographic detection sensitivity.
Sampling environment air device and sample introduction device in the present invention are simple in structure, easy to operate, and ion gun, through improved APCI-MS/MS Direct Analysis gaseous sample, only needs several seconds from sample introduction to data acquisition, and experimentation is simple and quick.
Analytical approach of the present invention, highly sensitive, withinday precision and reproducible in the daytime, is suitable for the quantitative test of trace VOCs in surrounding air.
Method in the present invention also can be used for the dynamic changing process research of composition to be measured in surrounding air simultaneously.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the operating process block scheme of APCI-MS/MS express-analysis volatile organic compounds of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is surrounding air fast analyser schematic diagram.
Sequence number in Fig. 2:
The 1st, sampling environment air bottle, the 1.1st, bottle, the 1.2nd, upper end bottle stopper, the 1.3rd, lower end bottle stopper, the 1.4th, sample adds hand-hole, and the 1.5th, gaseous sample fairlead, the 1.6th, sealing-plug, the 1.7th, magnetic agitation rotor, the 1.8th, micro syringe, 1.9 draw the kapillary of gas;
The 2nd, sample retraction mechanism, the 2.1st, gas sample introduction mouth, the 2.2nd, mass spectrometer gas sampling connector, the 2.3rd, pure air injection port, the 2.4th, evacuation port;
The 3rd, Atmosphere Pressure Chemical Ionization (APCI) tandem mass spectrometer, the 3.1st, mass spectrum capillary sample inlet mouth, the 3.2nd, temperature control transmission line, the 3.3rd, APCI source body, the 3.4th, APCI nozzle, the 3.5th, corona discharge needle, the 3.6th, corona discharge region, the 3.7th, sample taper hole.
Fig. 3 is the full scan mass spectrogram of 3-vinylpyridine.
Fig. 4 is the daughter ion scanning mass spectrogram of 3-vinylpyridine.
Fig. 5 is 3-vinylpyridine multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) total ion current figure and quantitative criterion curve.
Fig. 6 is 3-vinylpyridine concentration trend over time in meeting room after smoking.
Fig. 7 is full scan and the daughter ion scanning mass spectrogram of 4 kinds of VOCs.
Fig. 8 is 4 kinds of VOCs multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) total ion current figure and quantitative criterion curve.
Embodiment
The present invention is described further below with reference to embodiment (accompanying drawing):
embodiment 1
The express-analysis of environment flue gas mark 3-vinylpyridine (3-EP).
Concrete operation step is as follows:
In this example, surrounding air collecting bottle 1 is placed in the meeting room after smoking, after balance 5 min, use, lower bottle stopper 1.2, 1.3 are covered tightly, then transfer to laboratory, with micro syringe 1.8 to the interior injection 10 μ L deuterated acetone inner mark solutions of surrounding air collecting bottle 1, magnetic agitation rotor 1.7 stirs 3 min, gaseous sample passes through gaseous sample by gas transfer valve (being sample retraction mechanism 2) capillary outlet 1.9 of surrounding air collecting bottle, gas sample introduction mouth 2.1, mass spectrometer sample introduction connector 2.2 and mass spectrum capillary sample inlet mouth 3.1 are incorporated in mass spectrometer ion source, after ionization, enter mass spectrometer mass analyzer and carry out analyzing and testing.
Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are respectively full scan and the daughter ion scanning mass spectrogram of 3-EP, can be used for qualitative analysis; Fig. 5 is multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) total ion current figure and the quantitative test working curve schematic diagram of 3-EP.
Result shows to adopt the inventive method to measure 3-EP, and its detectability can reach 0.5 ng/L, is in a few days respectively 3.92% and 4.81% with day to day precision, can realize the quantitative test to trace 3-EP in surrounding air.
embodiment 2
In this example, surrounding air collecting bottle 1 is placed in the meeting room after smoking, every 10 min, sampling should be carried out, continue sampling 3 h, after each sampling balance 5 min, covered tightly with bottle stopper, then transfer to laboratory, with micro syringe 1.8 to the interior injection 10 μ L deuterated acetone inner mark solutions of surrounding air collecting bottle 1, magnetic agitation rotor 1.7 stirs 3min, gaseous sample passes through sample retraction mechanism by the capillary outlet 1.9 of gaseous sample process surrounding air collecting bottle, gas sample introduction mouth 2.1, mass spectrometer sample introduction connector 2.2 and mass spectrum capillary sample inlet mouth 3.1 are incorporated in mass spectrometer ion source, after ionization, enter mass spectrometer mass analyzer and carry out analyzing and testing.
Fig. 6 is 3-EP concentration change trend in meeting room in 3 h, and result shows after smoking that in meeting room, 3-EP concentration is totally on a declining curve, illustrates that the inventive method can be used for monitoring continuously after smoking 3-EP concentration information over time in meeting room.
embodiment 3
The express-analysis of 4 kinds of VOCs such as the rear meeting room inner propene nitrile of smoking, crotonaldehyde, pyridine and quinoline.
Concrete operation step is as follows:
In this example, surrounding air collecting bottle 1 is placed in the meeting room after smoking, after balance 5 min, covered tightly with bottle stopper, then transfer to laboratory, with micro syringe 1.8 to the interior injection 10 μ L deuterated acetone inner mark solutions of surrounding air collecting bottle 1, magnetic stir bar 1.7 stirs 3 min, gaseous sample passes through gas transfer valve by the capillary outlet 1.9 of gaseous sample process surrounding air collecting bottle, gas sample introduction mouth 2.1, mass spectrometer sample introduction connector 2.2 and mass spectrum capillary sample inlet mouth 3.1 are incorporated in mass spectrometer ion source, after ionization, enter mass spectrometer mass analyzer and carry out analyzing and testing.
Fig. 7 is full scan and the daughter ion scanning mass spectrogram of 4 kinds of VOCs, can be used for qualitative analysis; Fig. 8 is multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) total ion current figure of 4 kinds of VOCs, and peak area can be used for quantitative test.
Result shows to adopt the inventive method to measure 4 kinds of VOCs, and its detectability can reach 0.39 ng/L～0.70 ng/L, and repeatability is 5.14%～9.42%, can realize the quantitative test to trace VOCs in surrounding air.
Claims (5)
1. a fast analyser for surrounding air volatile organic compounds, comprises sampling environment air bottle 1 and sample retraction mechanism 2, it is characterized in that: this device also comprises the Atmosphere Pressure Chemical Ionization (APCI) tandem mass spectrometer 3 through transformation;
Described sampling environment air bottle 1 comprises the cylindrical bottle 1.1 of formula of and is located at respectively upper end bottle stopper 1.2 and the lower end bottle stopper 1.3 at bottle two ends, and the external diameter of upper end bottle stopper, lower end bottle stopper is identical with the internal diameter of cylindrical bottle, lower end bottle stopper 1.3 is flat-bottom structure, offers sample and add hand-hole 1.4 and gaseous sample fairlead 1.5 and seal by sealing-plug 1.6 on the bottle stopper of upper end;
Described sample retraction mechanism 2 is a manual switchover four-way valve, comprises gas sample introduction mouth 2.1, mass spectrometer gas sampling connector 2.2, pure air injection port 2.3 and evacuation port 2.4;
In the ionization source of described Atmosphere Pressure Chemical Ionization (APCI) tandem mass spectrometer 3, original APCI capillary nozzle substitutes with heavy caliber kapillary, kapillary 3.1 directly communicates with external atmosphere pressure, kapillary stretches out part outside ion gun by temperature control transmission line 3.2 heating and thermal insulations, and gaseous sample is directly introduced in and in mass ion source, is carried out mass spectrophotometry by the negative pressure of improved ion gun inside.
2. the fast analyser of surrounding air volatile organic compounds according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the cylindrical bottle of described formula of is the sandwich construction that can be communicated with recirculated water.
3. the fast analyser of surrounding air volatile organic compounds according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in sampling bottle bottle, be placed with magnetic agitation rotor.
4. the fast analyser of surrounding air volatile organic compounds according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described sampling bottle bottle inwall and bottle stopper all pass through Passivation Treatment.
5. the method for volatile organic compounds in the fast analyser express-analysis surrounding air utilizing described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: be directly to gather surrounding air with sampling environment air bottle, then sampling bottle is transferred to laboratory, the surrounding air gathering, without any pre-concentration processing, is introduced directly into ion gun by gas manual switchover four-way valve by surrounding air and carries out express-analysis through improved APCI-MS/MS.
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| CN108195923A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2018-06-22 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | The method and mass spectrometer arrangement detected for volatile organic compounds in sample |
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Inventor after: Sun Shihao Inventor after: Chen Zhifei Inventor after: Jiang Chengyong Inventor after: Wang Hui Inventor after: Li Peng Inventor after: Zhang Qidong Inventor after: Mao Jian Inventor after: Zhang Jianxun Inventor after: Zong Yongli Inventor before: Sun Shihao Inventor before: Jiang Chengyong Inventor before: Wang Hui Inventor before: Li Peng Inventor before: Zhang Qidong Inventor before: Mao Jian Inventor before: Zhang Jianxun Inventor before: Zong Yongli |
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