CN102840591A - Soot blowing method of heating furnace - Google Patents
Soot blowing method of heating furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN102840591A CN102840591A CN2011101660753A CN201110166075A CN102840591A CN 102840591 A CN102840591 A CN 102840591A CN 2011101660753 A CN2011101660753 A CN 2011101660753A CN 201110166075 A CN201110166075 A CN 201110166075A CN 102840591 A CN102840591 A CN 102840591A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soot blowing method of a heating furnace. The method comprises the following steps: A, outlet flue gas temperature values T1, T2 and T3 of a radiation section, a convection section and an air preheater of the heating furnace are respectively measured by a thermoelectric couple, and are transmitted to a control cabinet; B, the control cabinet compares the outlet flue gas temperature values T1, T2 and T3 with preset outlet flue gas temperature values TC1, TC2 and TC3 of the radiation section, the convection section and the air preheater of the heating furnace which is normally operated, so as to obtain a signal for determining whether the radiation section, the convection section and the air preheater of the heating furnace are required to carry out soot blowing and a signal of soot blowing time according to difference values DeltaT1, DeltaT2 and DeltaT3; C, soot blowing machines of the radiation section, the convection section and the air preheater of the heating furnace accomplish soot blowing operation according to a soot blowing signal of the control cabinet; and D, steps A, B and C are repeated. The soot blowing method can perform blowing operation according to the practical soot accumulated state on the surface of a furnace tube or a heat exchange tube and perform timed and designated area blowing, and the phenomenon of over-blowing or under-blowing can not occur.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to petroleum refining, the used a kind of heating furnace ash-blowing method of petrochemical industry heating furnace.
Background technology
Variation along with oil property; Increasing of sulfur content; The ash deposit and slag buildup problem of heating surfaces such as domestic petroleum chemical enterprise heating furnace radiant coil, heating tube in section of convection chamber and air preheater heat exchanger tube is on the rise, in case the heating surface dust stratification will seriously influence the heat-transfer effect of heating surface.Under heating tube in section of convection chamber superficial dust serious situation; Heat-transfer capability approximately reduces by 30%～50%, and this will make the thermal efficiency of heating furnace reduce more than 5%, and the fuel energy consumption of heating furnace accounts for 30%～40% of oil refining enterprise total energy consumption; So how to reduce the dust stratification of heating surface effectively; The heat transfer efficiency of guaranteeing heating surface remains on the higher level, and this is for the on-stream time that prolongs heating furnace, and fuel savings will be vital.The at present domestic effective means that generally adopts is to use the dust stratification that soot blower reduces heating surface.
Chinese patent CN201103913Y discloses a kind of " synchronous power save high-efficiency steam soot blower "; It is secondary by motor-driven gear; Gear pair drives blowing pipe through tube connector; Motor is driving cam simultaneously, and cam combines with spool, the valve rod system of steam conducting valve, accomplishes admission and blowing pipe rotary work.Adopting more DG-III type steam sootblower on the present domestic Petrochemical Enterprises heating furnace also is similar working method.Above-mentioned to blow common problem that gray technology exists be soot blower no matter boiler tube or heat exchanger tube superficial dust situation how; All purge dust stratification to boiler tube or heat exchanger tube surface sprinkling steam or ash cleaning agent at regular time and quantity, unavoidably can cause " over-blowing " and " young blow " according to the switch board preset program.Such as certain section time heating furnace fuel burning gas; Boiler tube or heat exchanger tube surface do not have dust stratification or dust stratification seldom; Soot blower still follow procedure sprays steam or ash cleaning agent at regular time and quantity; Certainly will cause " over-blowing ", " over-blowing " can cause boiler tube or heat exchanger tube wall thickness reduction, not only wastes steam and ash cleaning agent but also can shorten service life of boiler tube or heat exchanger tube; Certain section time heating furnace fuel burning oil; And the fuel oil quality is bad, and boiler tube or heat exchanger tube superficial dust are more and have the caking property dust stratification, and soot blower still follow procedure sprays steam or ash cleaning agent at regular time and quantity; Certainly will cause " young blow ", not reach due deashing purpose.The existing gray technology that blows is owing to there not being dust stratification situation feedback signal; Blow ash manipulation and have blindness; Existence has been shortened the service life of boiler tube, heat exchanger tube and soot blower, waste steam and ash cleaning agent to " over-blowing " and " young blow " problem on heating furnace tube or heat exchanger tube surface; Do not reach due deashing purpose, need further to improve to solve.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of a kind of heating furnace ash-blowing method that is used for petroleum refining, petrochemical industry heating furnace; Being used to solve existing ash-blowing method can not purge according to the needs of the actual dust stratification situation of boiler tube or heat exchanger tube surface; Blow ash manipulation and have blindness, have the problem of " over-blowing " and " young blow ".
In order to address the above problem, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: a kind of heating furnace ash-blowing method is characterized in that said method is made up of following steps:
A, measure exit gas temperature value T1, T2, the T3 of heating furnace radiant section, convection section, air preheater respectively, and send switch board to thermocouple;
B, switch board compare radiant section, convection section, air preheater exit gas temperature value TC1, TC2, the TC3 of exit gas temperature value T1, T2, T3 and preset heating furnace operate as normal, according to difference DELTA T1, Δ T2, Δ T3 obtain heating furnace radiant section, convection section, whether needs blow the signal of ash and blowing time length and send radiant section soot blower, convection section soot blower, air preheater soot blower to air preheater;
C, radiant section soot blower, convection section soot blower, air preheater soot blower are accomplished the ash work of blowing according to the gray signal that blows of switch board;
D, repeating step A, B, C; In the scope that radiant section, convection section, air preheater exit gas temperature value TC1, TC2, the difference DELTA T1 of TC3, Δ T2, the Δ T3 of the exit gas temperature value T1 of radiant section, convection section, air preheater, T2, T3 and preset heating furnace operate as normal are setting, heating furnace is accomplished and is once blown ash manipulation.
The present invention further is characterised in that: thermocouple is a K type thermocouple, and the temperature measurement range of K type thermocouple is 0～1200 ℃, can satisfy the needs of each regional smoke temperature measurement of tubular heater.
The present invention further is characterised in that: blowing grey mode generally has three kinds, promptly single with steam deashing, single with ash cleaning agent deashing and steam ash cleaning agent combination deashing.
The present invention further is characterised in that: when Δ T1, Δ T2 or Δ T3≤5 ℃, switch board 17 produces the signal that need not blow ash.
Said ash-blowing method is applied to radiant section, convection section and the air preheater of tubular heater, and according to the structure and the black dirt type needs of radiant section, convection section and air preheater, soot blower can adopt various pattern.In tubular heater, the soot blower of radiant section adopts single with ash cleaning agent deashing pattern, and convection section and air preheater adopt steam ash cleaning agent combination deashing pattern.
Adopt the present invention, have following beneficial effect: the present invention is provided with each regional exit gas temperature measurement mechanism of heating furnace, and controls system with the soot blower of each regional exit gas temperature value interlocking of heating furnace.If there are dust stratification in heating furnace tube or heat exchanger tube surface; The surface resistance of heat transfer of boiler tube or heat exchanger tube will increase; The heat that heated medium wherein absorbs will reduce, and each regional exit gas temperature value of heating furnace will correspondingly raise, under the normal running operating mode; Heating furnace tube or heat exchanger tube superficial dust are many more, and each regional exit gas temperature value of heating furnace just rises many more.Interlock boiler tube or heat exchanger tube superficial dust situation and each regional exit gas temperature value added of heating furnace like this; Just whether carry out the feedback signal that blows ash manipulation to each regional exit gas temperature value added of heating furnace as soot blower, the ash manipulation that blows of soot blower has just had specific aim.
When boiler tube or heat exchanger tube surface did not have dust stratification or dust stratification seldom, each regional exit gas temperature value added of heating furnace was less, and ash-blowing method according to the invention can not carried out and blow grey operation, promptly not " over-blowing "; When heating furnace tube or heat exchanger tube superficial dust more for a long time, each regional exit gas temperature value added of heating furnace is bigger, the soot blower that ash-blowing method according to the invention begins to carry out certain hour blows grey operation, promptly not " young blow ".Having overcome the existing gray technology that blows can not purge according to the actual dust stratification situation of boiler tube or heat exchanger tube surface; Blow ash manipulation and have blindness, have the problem of " over-blowing " and " young blow ", ash-blowing method according to the invention can be carried out according to the actual dust stratification situation of boiler tube or heat exchanger tube surface and purge operation; Carrying out regularly fixed zone purges; " over-blowing " not " young blow " guaranteeing well to blow under the prerequisite of grey effect, do not practiced thrift steam and ash cleaning agent to greatest extent; Prolong the service life of boiler tube, heat exchanger tube and soot blower, significantly improved the gray technology level of blowing of existing heating furnace.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing and the specific embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is elaborated, but the accompanying drawing and the specific embodiment not delimit the scope of the invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of a kind of heating furnace ash-blowing method of the present invention.
The 1-of Reference numeral shown in figure radiating furnace tube, 2-heating furnace radiant section, 3-convection coil, 4 heating furnace convection sections, 5-heat exchanger tube; The 6-air preheater, 7-convection section steam soot blowing pipe, 8-convection section ash cleaning agent blowing pipe, 9-air preheater steam soot blowing pipe; 10-air preheater ash cleaning agent blowing pipe, 11-air preheater soot blower, 12-air preheater section temperature measuring equipment, 13-convection section temperature measuring equipment; 14-convection section prepass, passage behind the 15-air preheater, 16-air preheater prepass, 17-switch board; The 171-comparator, passage behind the 18-radiant section, 19-radiant section prepass, passage behind the 20-convection section; 21-radiant section temperature measuring equipment, 22-convection section soot blower, 23-radiant section soot blower, 24-radiant section blowing pipe
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is applied on a kind of tubular heater; It is the most general a kind of that this kind pattern tubular heater is that present Petrochemical Enterprises is used, and comprises radiant section 2, convection section 4 and air preheater 6 three parts, establishes radiating furnace tube 1 in the radiant section 2; Establish convection coil 3 in the convection section 4; Establish heat exchanger tube 5 in the air preheater 6, wherein radiating furnace tube 1 is because reasons in structure can only be used the ash cleaning agent deashing, and convection coil 3 can use steam and ash cleaning agent combination ash-clearing technology with heat exchanger tube 5.
Be provided with the exhanst gas outlet temperature measuring equipment in each zone of heating furnace: radiant section temperature measuring equipment 21 convection section temperature measuring equipments 13 and air preheater section temperature measuring equipment 12; With the switch board 17 and the comparator 171 that set within it, heating furnace each regional radiant section soot blower 23, convection section soot blower 22 and air preheater soot blower 11 of each regional exhanst gas outlet temperature value added of heating furnace as feedback signal.
Said ash-blowing method is that example is done further detailed explanation with heating furnace convection section 4; When heating furnace because the bad or fuel quality of combustion position when bad, will ash deposit and slag buildup on the heating furnace heating tube in section of convection chamber 3, black dirt causes the surface resistance of heat transfer of heating tube in section of convection chamber 3 to increase; Heat transfer efficiency descends; The heat that heated medium in the heating tube in section of convection chamber 3 absorbs will reduce, and causes that the exit gas temperature of convection section 4 rises, and under the normal running operating mode; The superficial dust of heating tube in section of convection chamber 3 is many more, and the exit gas temperature value of convection section 4 just rises many more.When heating furnace combustion position and fuel quality are relatively good, just can dust stratification on the heating furnace heating tube in section of convection chamber 3 or dust stratification seldom, the exit gas temperature of convection section 4 remains unchanged basically.The exit gas temperature value added of convection section 4 has reflected the superficial dust situation of heating tube in section of convection chamber 3.The exit gas temperature of convection section 4 is measured by convection section temperature measuring equipment 13; Convection section temperature measuring equipment 13 is selected K type thermocouple for use; Be installed in the top of convection section 4, the temperature measurement range of K type thermocouple is 0～1200 ℃, can satisfy the smoke temperature measurement needs of convection section 4.The exit gas temperature numerical value T2 that convection section temperature measuring equipment 13 is measured convection section 4 passes to switch board 17 through convection section prepass 14.
Adopt conventional electric-control system with the exit gas temperature value added of convection section 4 as the switch board 17 of feedback signal: programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC for example; Switch board 17 receives the outlet temperature value T2 of convection section 4; The exit gas temperature value TC2 of the convection section 4 through the comparator in the switch board 17 171 during with preset heating furnace operate as normal relatively draws value added Δ T2; Switch board 17 produces the signal whether needs blow ash according to the size of value added Δ T2; And blowing ash if desired, which kind of convection section soot blower 22 adopts blow grey mode and the blowing time signal that needs.Blowing grey mode generally has three kinds, promptly single with steam deashing, single with ash cleaning agent deashing and steam ash cleaning agent combination deashing.When heating furnace combustion position and fuel quality are relatively good, just can dust stratification on the convection coil 3 or dust stratification seldom, the exit gas temperature of convection section 4 is compared basically with design load and is remained unchanged; On the commercial Application Δ T2 general≤5 ℃; Switch board 17 produces the signal that need not blow ash, and will not blow the soot blower 22 that gray signal sends convection section 4 to through passage behind the convection section 20, and convection section soot blower 22 is not carried out and blown ash manipulation; Can not cause " over-blowing " to convection coil 3; Practice thrift steam and ash cleaning agent, avoided the boiler tube wall thickness reduction that causes because of " over-blowing ", prolonged the service life of convection coil 3.When heating furnace when certain time period combustion position or fuel quality are bad; Convection coil 3 surfaces are will dust stratification more; The exit gas temperature of convection section 4 compare with design load will increase more, on the commercial Application Δ T2 general＞5 ℃, switch board 17 will produce the signal that need blow ash; And will blow the soot blower 22 that gray signal sends convection section 4 to through passage behind the convection section 20, convection section soot blower 22 begins to carry out and blows ash manipulation.Switch board 17 can be according to the convection coil 3 superficial dust degree size of Δ T2 value just; Producing list sends convection section soot blower 22 to and carries out corresponding the operation with steam deashing, single signal with ash cleaning agent deashing or steam ash cleaning agent combination deashing; Switch board 17 also can produce the blowing time signal and send the corresponding operation of convection section soot blower 22 execution to according to the size of Δ T2 value.Generally in commercial Application; Δ T2 value hour; 3 of convection coils need single with the short time of steam deashing; When Δ T2 value is big, the long time of convection coil 3 used vapour ash cleaning agents combination deashing, thus the convection coil 3 surperficial ash-removal effects that can avoid causing because of soot blower 22 " young blow " are not good.
The soot blower 22 of convection section 4 is carried out and whether is blown ash, which kind of adopts blow grey mode and need to purge operation how long according to the various gray signals that blow that receive from switch board 17.Convection section soot blower 22 blows grey steam through convection section steam soot blowing pipe 7 to convection coil 3 jet surfaces, accomplishes the ash manipulation that blows of corresponding manner to convection coil 3 surface sprinkling ash cleaning agents through convection section ash cleaning agent blowing pipe 8.
Below in conjunction with description of drawings operating process of the present invention.Generally in commercial Application, per tour was carried out a heating furnace in 8 hours and is blown ash manipulation.Ash-blowing method according to the invention is according to the preset program of switch board 17; Earlier measure exit gas temperature value T1 by the temperature measuring equipment 21 of radiant section 2; Switch board 17 receives radiant section 2 exit gas temperature value T1 by radiant section prepass 19; Make comparisons with preset design load TC1 through the comparators in the switch board 17 171 and to draw exit gas temperature value added Δ T1; Produce and whether blow ash, which kind of adopts blow grey mode and need to purge signal how long, ash manipulation is blown in soot blower 23 execution that send to radiant section 2 through passage behind the radiant section 18 accordingly, and radiant section soot blower 23 is accomplished through radiant section blowing pipe 24 sprinkling ash cleaning agents and blown ash manipulation.The temperature measuring equipment 13 of convection section 4 is measured exit gas temperature value T2 then; Switch board 17 receives convection section 4 exit gas temperature value T2 by convection section prepass 14; Make comparisons with preset design load TC2 through the comparators in the switch board 17 171 and to draw exit gas temperature value added Δ T2; Produce and whether blow ash, which kind of adopts blow grey mode and need to purge signal how long; Ash manipulation is blown in soot blower 22 execution that send to convection section 4 through passage behind the convection section 20 accordingly, and convection section soot blower 22 sprays steam through convection section steam soot blowing pipe 7 and convection section ash cleaning agent blowing pipe 8 and ash manipulation is blown in the ash cleaning agent completion.The temperature measuring equipment 12 of last air preheater 6 is measured exit gas temperature value T3; Switch board 17 receives air preheater 6 exit gas temperature value T3 by air preheater prepass 16; Make comparisons with preset design load TC3 through the comparators in the switch board 17 171 and to draw exit gas temperature value added Δ T3; Produce and whether blow ash, which kind of adopts blow grey mode and need to purge signal how long; Ash manipulation is blown in soot blower 11 execution that send to air preheater 6 through passage behind the air preheater 15 accordingly, and air preheater soot blower 11 sprays steam through air preheater steam soot blowing pipe 9 and air preheater ash cleaning agent blowing pipe 10 and ash manipulation is blown in the ash cleaning agent completion.
If the difference DELTA T1 of each regional export flue-gas temperature value TC1 of each regional export flue-gas temperature value T1 of heating furnace, T2, T3 and preset heating furnace operate as normal, TC2, TC3, Δ T2, Δ T3 be not in the scope of setting; Each zone of heating furnace can repeat the operation of above-mentioned ash-blowing method; Numerical value up to Δ T1, Δ T2, Δ T3 reaches setting range, and heating furnace is accomplished and once blown ash manipulation.
Claims (4)
1. a heating furnace ash-blowing method is characterized in that, said method is made up of following steps:
A, measure exit gas temperature value T1, T2, the T3 of heating furnace radiant section, convection section, air preheater respectively, and send switch board to thermocouple;
B, switch board compare radiant section, convection section, air preheater exit gas temperature value TC1, TC2, the TC3 of exit gas temperature value T1, T2, T3 and preset heating furnace operate as normal, according to difference DELTA T1, Δ T2, Δ T3 obtain heating furnace radiant section, convection section, whether needs blow the signal of ash and blowing time length and send radiant section soot blower, convection section soot blower, air preheater soot blower to air preheater;
C, radiant section soot blower, convection section soot blower, air preheater soot blower are accomplished the ash work of blowing according to the gray signal that blows of switch board;
D, repeating step A, B, C; In the scope that radiant section, convection section, air preheater exit gas temperature value TC1, TC2, the difference DELTA T1 of TC3, Δ T2, the Δ T3 of the exit gas temperature value T1 of radiant section, convection section, air preheater, T2, T3 and preset heating furnace operate as normal are setting, heating furnace is accomplished and is once blown ash manipulation.
2. a kind of heating furnace ash-blowing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said thermocouple is a K type thermocouple.
3. a kind of heating furnace ash-blowing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: blow grey mode and be in steam deashing, the ash cleaning agent deashing one or both.
4. a kind of heating furnace ash-blowing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: when Δ T1, Δ T2 or Δ T3≤5 ℃, switch board produces the signal that need not blow ash.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011101660753A CN102840591A (en) | 2011-06-21 | 2011-06-21 | Soot blowing method of heating furnace |
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| CN2011101660753A CN102840591A (en) | 2011-06-21 | 2011-06-21 | Soot blowing method of heating furnace |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103528081A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-01-22 | 上海申能能源科技有限公司 | Water wall differing soot blowing heat deflection reducing method for thermal power plant concurrent boiler |
| CN104197344A (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2014-12-10 | 华电电力科学研究院 | Soot blowing method and device for W-flame boiler wind chamber |
| CN107120675A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-09-01 | 天津国电津能热电有限公司 | A kind of air and gas system and air preheater cold end control method |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103528081A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-01-22 | 上海申能能源科技有限公司 | Water wall differing soot blowing heat deflection reducing method for thermal power plant concurrent boiler |
| CN103528081B (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2015-07-29 | 上海申能能源科技有限公司 | A kind of water-cooling wall for thermal power plant concurrent boiler has difference to blow ash reduction thermal deviation method |
| CN104197344A (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2014-12-10 | 华电电力科学研究院 | Soot blowing method and device for W-flame boiler wind chamber |
| CN104197344B (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2017-01-11 | 华电电力科学研究院 | Soot blowing method and device for W-flame boiler wind chamber |
| CN107120675A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-09-01 | 天津国电津能热电有限公司 | A kind of air and gas system and air preheater cold end control method |
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Application publication date: 20121226 |