CN102799819A - Embedded software safety protection system - Google Patents
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- CN102799819A CN102799819A CN201210228800XA CN201210228800A CN102799819A CN 102799819 A CN102799819 A CN 102799819A CN 201210228800X A CN201210228800X A CN 201210228800XA CN 201210228800 A CN201210228800 A CN 201210228800A CN 102799819 A CN102799819 A CN 102799819A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of information safety, and in particular relates to an embedded software safety protection system which aims to improve the safety of embedded software. According to the system, a safety protection module is arranged on embedded equipment and comprises a physical prying-resistant device, a prying-resistant cover plate and a hardware encryption and decryption module circuit, wherein the hardware encryption and decryption module circuit is applied to adaption of a central processing unit (CPU) to data access of an electrically programmable read only memory (EPROM) and is matched with the physical prying-resistant device and the prying-resistant cover plate to dynamically protect static random access memory (SRAM) data. By virtue of the physical prying-resistant device and the prying-resistant cover plate, the system has destroy resistance and can prevent an attacker from acquiring sensitive information in a probe detection mode and the like; and moreover, the prying-resistant cover plate can shield electromagnetic radiation, thus preventing the attacker from attacking the safety system by utilizing the leakage of the electromagnetic radiation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of information security technology, be specifically related to a kind of embedded software safety system, this method is applied to can increase the security of embedded software in the embedded software security protection process.
Background technology
Existing market is to ARM, the common security protection means of DSP, single-chip microcomputer seldom, important program is directly exposed among transparent Flash, the EEPROM.In the face of the attack technology of constantly development and the competition between the hacker, product crack the time with cost is more and more lower, with respect to the huge interests of product image person's acquisition, it cracks cost even can ignore sometimes.Therefore, how protecting the interests of self, is the problem that product designer must be faced.Single-chip microcomputer and embedded system generally all have inner ROM/EEPROM/FLASH to supply the user to deposit program, in the process of system's operation; CPU is loaded into the program in the storer among internal memory or the SDRAM, carries out.In order to prevent the machine internal program of unauthorized access or copy single-chip microcomputer, most of single-chip microcomputer all has encryption lock location or encrypted byte, with the screening glass internal program.If the encryption lock location is enabled (locking) when programming, just can't directly read the program in the single-chip microcomputer with common programmable device, so-called Copy Protection that Here it is is lock function in other words.In fact, such safeguard measure is very fragile, is easy to be cracked.The single-chip microcomputer assailant is by specialized equipment or home-built equipment; Utilize leak or software defect in the singlechip chip design; Through the multiple technologies means; Just key message be can from chip, extract, thereby FLASH or EPROM internal program obtained or directly from SDRAM or internal memory or the critical data content of program run.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the deficiency to prior art, propose a kind of embedded software safety system that equipment and data are carried out security protection.
The present invention is achieved in that
A kind of embedded software safety system; On embedded device, be provided with safety protection module; Said safety protection module comprises physics anti-picking device and pick-proof cover plate, hardware enciphering and deciphering modular circuit, and said encryption and decryption modular circuit is used for CPU to the adapter of EPROM data access and cooperate the physics anti-picking device and the pick-proof cover plate is realized the dynamic protection to the SRAM data.
Aforesaid a kind of embedded software safety system, wherein: said encryption and decryption modular circuit comprises continuous FPGA and safety chip, FPGA output cpu signal and NVM signal; Said FPGA is used for the generation of logic control signal, and the adapter of responsible CPU reference-to storage; Safety chip is used for encryption and decryption, the key management to data.
Aforesaid a kind of embedded software safety system, wherein: said physics anti-picking device and pick-proof cover plate 1 comprise safe condition bus and safety bus state detection circuit; The exit winding displacement of said safe condition bus adopts out of order mode to distribute; The exit of said safe condition bus is fixed in the pick-proof cover plate through stationary installation.
Aforesaid a kind of embedded software safety system; Wherein: said safety chip is carried out the safety detection program: in communication process; The safety detection program timing generates random number with safety chip and sends to FPGA, and FPGA utilizes hashing algorithm that random number is carried out computing and safety chip is given in passback; The same hashing algorithm of safety detection program utilization carries out computing to random number, and the result is compared with the result of FPGA passback; If the result is consistent, explain that the safe condition bus correctly connects, the security of system state is normal; Otherwise, be regarded as the security of system abnormal state; If the security of system abnormal state, the safety detection program is sent self damaging order to CPU immediately, and the key among the removing SRAM in data and the safety chip is hung up CPU, quits work.
Aforesaid a kind of embedded software safety system, wherein: the key that said encryption and decryption modular circuit adopts when each the encryption is different; Before the data encryption; Safety chip generates new random number, is stored among the flash of safety chip, reads hardware sequence number; Utilize the combination of random number and hardware sequence number to generate key seed; SHA1 hash algorithm through safety chip self carries out computing to key seed, thereby generates data encryption key, is used for data encryption and handles;
Before the data decryption; At first safety chip is configured; Read hardware sequence number, utilize the random number combination of safety chip sequence number and storage to generate key seed again, the SHA1 hash algorithm through safety chip self carries out computing to key seed at last; Thereby the generation data decryption key, the data decryption that is used between CPU and the storer is handled;
The encryption and decryption key is stored in the internal memory of safety chip, and said key disappears after the embedded device power down, and synthetic again key seed generates the encryption and decryption key when powering on once more.
Aforesaid a kind of embedded software safety system; Wherein: said encryption and decryption modular circuit realizes the encryption to embedded software through the encryption of PC end: encryption chip produces a random number earlier; Afterwards random number is stored in the encryption chip; Accomplish the safety protection module initialization procedure, random number combines chip serial number to generate key through the SHA1 hash algorithm, carries out embedded software through the SM1 grouping algorithm again and encrypts; During deciphering, random number, the encryption chip sequence number of encryption chip through having stored, same hash algorithm and decipherment algorithm carry out decryption processing and get final product.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Through increasing safety protection module, can carry out effective security protection to equipment and data.
Through in safety chip internal operation safety monitoring program, validity that can quantitative check physics anti-picking device.
Adopt physics anti-picking device and pick-proof cover plate anti-, have anti-damage ability, prevent that the assailant from using mode such as probe detection to obtain sensitive information; And the pick-proof cover plate can electromagnetic radiation shielding, prevents that the assailant from utilizing electromagnetic radiation to reveal and attacking security system.
Through adopting " one-time pad " principle, further guarantee the one-to-one relationship of key and hardware module.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart of a kind of embedded software safety system provided by the invention;
Fig. 4 is the external structure of a kind of embedded software safety system provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 is the decrypt circuit workflow;
Fig. 3 is a safe condition monitoring flow process;
Fig. 5 is a PC end encryption process flow diagram;
Among the figure: 1. physics anti-picking device and pick-proof cover plate, 2. encryption and decryption modular circuit, 3. embedded device mainboard, 4. screw.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment a kind of embedded software safety system provided by the invention is done further introduction:
Like Fig. 1, shown in 2, a kind of embedded software security system increases safety protection module on embedded device, and this safety protection module comprises physics anti-picking device and pick-proof cover plate 1, hardware enciphering and deciphering modular circuit 2; Encryption and decryption modular circuit 2 realizes the adapter of CPU to the EPROM data access, and the dynamic protection that cooperates physics anti-picking device and pick-proof cover plate 1 to realize the SRAM data.Wherein,
(1) the encryption and decryption modular circuit comprises FPGA, safety chip, row's pin (containing cpu signal and NVM signal); FPGA links to each other with safety chip, FPGA output cpu signal and NVM signal.FPGA realizes the generation of various logic control signal, and the adapter of responsible CPU reference-to storage; Safety chip realize to data encryption and decryption, key management and as the operation carrier of safety detection program, realize dynamic protection to data among the SRAM, prevent illegally to analyze and crack.
As shown in Figure 3, encryption and decryption modular circuit principle of work is following:
When embedded device powered at every turn, FPGA steering logic signal was hung up CPU, enables safety chip, and the security of operation trace routine makes FPGA and safety chip handshake communication, so as to judging the security monitoring state; If state is normal, then FPGA reads program among the EPROM in safety chip, utilizes SHA1 algorithm generating solution decryption key, carries out decryption processing, enables CPU after finishing dealing with again, and loading procedure is carried out in internal memory.
The safety chip internal operation has the safety monitoring program, and it is resident safety chip internal memory in system's operational process, and groundwork is exactly the validity of quantitative check physics anti-picking device, guarantees that safety chip and FPGA communicate.As shown in Figure 3; In communication process; The safety detection program timing generates random number with safety chip and sends to FPGA; FPGA utilizes hashing algorithm that random number is carried out computing and safety chip is given in passback, and the safety detection program also utilizes same hashing algorithm that random number is carried out computing, and the result is compared with the result of FPGA passback.If the result is consistent, explain that the safe condition bus correctly connects, the security of system state is normal; Otherwise, be regarded as the security of system abnormal state.If the assailant wants to steal the data among internal memory or the EPROM, at first to move the pick-proof cover plate, in case and after the pick-proof cover plate is removed; The safe condition bus is destroyed, and the safety detection program can not in time be carried out handshake communication with FPGA, thereby detects this attack; The safety detection program is sent self damaging order to CPU immediately; Key among the removing SRAM in data and the safety chip is hung up CPU, quits work.
(2) physics anti-picking device and pick-proof cover plate 1 also comprise safe condition bus (soft winding displacement exit) and safety bus state detection circuit etc.The exit of safe condition bus preferably adopts soft winding displacement, and this winding displacement adopts out of order mode to distribute, in case break irrecoverable original state; The exit of safe condition bus is fixed in the pick-proof cover plate through stationary installation, is promptly broken in case the pick-proof cover plate is opened, and the safety detection program instrumentation promptly emptied key, SRAM and notifies cpu reset to the behavior.
The pick-proof cover plate adopts the hard metal material to process; Has anti-damage ability; And be fixed in embedded device mainboard 3 through screw 4, thus safety protection module is covered into its inside with total control machine CPU, SRAM and EPROM, prevent that the assailant from using mode such as probe detection to obtain sensitive information.The pick-proof cover plate adopts metal material to process, and has good heat-conducting, through contact with the CPU conducting strip, and can auxiliary heat dissipation.In addition, the pick-proof cover plate can electromagnetic radiation shielding, prevents that the assailant from utilizing electromagnetic radiation to reveal and attacking security system.
As shown in Figure 4; Its principle of work of safety bus state detection circuit does; Safety chip regularly produces random number; And sending to FPGA through the safe condition bus, FPGA utilizes embedded hashing algorithm that this random number is carried out computing and the result is passed back to safety chip through safety bus, safety chip checking operation result; If the result is incorrect, it is unusual to explain that the safety bus state exists, thereby carries out relevant safeguard protection action.
In order further to guarantee the one-to-one relationship of key and hardware module, the present invention adopts " one-time pad " principle, and the key that adopts when promptly at every turn encrypting is different, thereby fundamentally guarantees the security of software cryptography.Before the data encryption; Safety chip generates new random number, is stored among the flash of safety chip, reads hardware sequence number; Utilize the combination of random number and hardware sequence number to generate key seed; SHA1 hash algorithm through safety chip self carries out computing to key seed, thereby generates data encryption key, is used for data encryption and handles.
Before the data decryption; At first safety chip is configured; Read hardware sequence number, utilize the random number combination of safety chip sequence number and storage to generate key seed again, the SHA1 hash algorithm through safety chip self carries out computing to key seed at last; Thereby the generation data decryption key, the data decryption that is used between CPU and the storer is handled.
The encryption and decryption key is stored in the internal memory of safety chip, and for the purpose of guaranteeing safety, this key is not done permanent storage, disappears after the embedded device power down, and synthetic again key seed generates the encryption and decryption key when powering on once more.
PC end encipheror is responsible for embedded device software cryptography is carried out the random number initialization to decipher circuit simultaneously, carries out " one-time pad " configuration.PC end encipheror runs on the Windows environment, through serial ports and safety protection module communication, and passes through the hardware enciphering and deciphering circuit and realizes embedded software is encrypted.The encryption of PC end is as shown in Figure 5; Encryption chip produces a random number earlier; Afterwards random number is stored in the encryption chip; Completion meets the safety protection module initialization procedure of " one-time pad ", and random number combines chip serial number to generate key through the SHA1 hash algorithm, carries out embedded software through the SM1 grouping algorithm again and encrypts.In normal course of operation, random number, the encryption chip sequence number of encryption chip through having stored carries out decryption processing through same hash algorithm and decipherment algorithm, just can correctly decipher.
Claims (6)
1. embedded software safety system; It is characterized in that: on embedded device, be provided with safety protection module; Said safety protection module comprises physics anti-picking device and pick-proof cover plate (1), hardware enciphering and deciphering modular circuit (2), and said encryption and decryption modular circuit (2) is used for CPU to the adapter of EPROM data access and cooperate the physics anti-picking device and pick-proof cover plate (1) is realized the dynamic protection to the SRAM data.
2. a kind of embedded software safety system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: said encryption and decryption modular circuit comprises continuous FPGA and safety chip, FPGA output cpu signal and NVM signal; Said FPGA is used for the generation of logic control signal, and the adapter of responsible CPU reference-to storage; Safety chip is used for encryption and decryption, the key management to data.
3. a kind of embedded software safety system as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: said physics anti-picking device and pick-proof cover plate 1 comprise safe condition bus and safety bus state detection circuit; The exit winding displacement of said safe condition bus adopts out of order mode to distribute; The exit of said safe condition bus is fixed in the pick-proof cover plate through stationary installation.
4. a kind of embedded software safety system as claimed in claim 3; It is characterized in that: said safety chip is carried out the safety detection program: in communication process; The safety detection program timing generates random number with safety chip and sends to FPGA, and FPGA utilizes hashing algorithm that random number is carried out computing and safety chip is given in passback; The same hashing algorithm of safety detection program utilization carries out computing to random number, and the result is compared with the result of FPGA passback; If the result is consistent, explain that the safe condition bus correctly connects, the security of system state is normal; Otherwise, be regarded as the security of system abnormal state; If the security of system abnormal state, the safety detection program is sent self damaging order to CPU immediately, and the key among the removing SRAM in data and the safety chip is hung up CPU, quits work.
5. a kind of embedded software safety system as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: the key that said encryption and decryption modular circuit (2) adopts when each the encryption is different; Before the data encryption; Safety chip generates new random number, is stored among the flash of safety chip, reads hardware sequence number; Utilize the combination of random number and hardware sequence number to generate key seed; SHA1 hash algorithm through safety chip self carries out computing to key seed, thereby generates data encryption key, is used for data encryption and handles;
Before the data decryption; At first safety chip is configured; Read hardware sequence number, utilize the random number combination of safety chip sequence number and storage to generate key seed again, the SHA1 hash algorithm through safety chip self carries out computing to key seed at last; Thereby the generation data decryption key, the data decryption that is used between CPU and the storer is handled;
The encryption and decryption key is stored in the internal memory of safety chip, and said key disappears after the embedded device power down, and synthetic again key seed generates the encryption and decryption key when powering on once more.
6. a kind of embedded software safety system as claimed in claim 5; It is characterized in that: said encryption and decryption modular circuit (2) realizes the encryption to embedded software through the encryption of PC end: encryption chip produces a random number earlier; Afterwards random number is stored in the encryption chip; Accomplish the safety protection module initialization procedure, random number combines chip serial number to generate key through the SHA1 hash algorithm, carries out embedded software through the SM1 grouping algorithm again and encrypts; During deciphering, random number, the encryption chip sequence number of encryption chip through having stored, same hash algorithm and decipherment algorithm carry out decryption processing and get final product.
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| CN201210228800XA CN102799819A (en) | 2012-07-04 | 2012-07-04 | Embedded software safety protection system |
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| CN102819706A (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2012-12-12 | 重庆大学 | Device and method for implementing credible embedded system on existing embedded equipment |
| CN103475463A (en) * | 2013-08-19 | 2013-12-25 | 华为技术有限公司 | Encryption realization method and apparatus |
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| CN112270021A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-01-26 | 成都三零嘉微电子有限公司 | Wireless self-destruction control circuit and method for security chip |
| CN112270021B (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2024-03-26 | 成都三零嘉微电子有限公司 | Wireless self-destruction control circuit and method for security chip |
| CN113747429A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-03 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司无锡供电分公司 | Wireless data encryption and decryption system and method for relay protection device |
| CN113747429B (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2023-11-24 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司无锡供电分公司 | Wireless data encryption and decryption system and method for relay protection device |
| CN115080929A (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2022-09-20 | 深圳研控自动化科技股份有限公司 | Encryption method, decryption method, system and storage medium of FPGA program |
| CN115080929B (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2022-11-11 | 深圳研控自动化科技股份有限公司 | Encryption method, decryption method, system and storage medium of FPGA program |
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Application publication date: 20121128 |