CN102593841A - Current separation compensation-based cascaded H-bridge distribution static synchronous compensator (DSTATCOM) device and separation compensation method - Google Patents
Current separation compensation-based cascaded H-bridge distribution static synchronous compensator (DSTATCOM) device and separation compensation method Download PDFInfo
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/40—Arrangements for reducing harmonics
Abstract
The invention provides a current separation compensation-based cascaded H-bridge distribution static synchronous compensator (DSTATCOM) device. The device is characterized by comprising cascade structures of three phases of power units, wherein the cascade structures of the three phases of power units are connected by adopting Y-shaped structures so as to realize the split-phase decoupling control of three phases of currents; each power unit adopts a converter structure of alternating current (AC)-direct current (DC)-alternating current (AC); each power unit comprises a four-quadrant rectifier, a DC capacitor and an H-bridge inverter, wherein the left side of the DC capacitor C is provided with the four-quadrant rectifier which is connected with an AC electric network through a multi-winding transformer in an isolation way; the four-quadrant rectifier is combined with the DC capacitor C to play the role of a DC regulated power supply and fulfill the aim of performing balancing control on the DC voltage of each power unit; the four-quadrant rectifier provides part or all fundamental wave positive-sequence reactive compensation current; the right side of the DC capacitor C is provided with the H-bridge inverter; the H-bridge inverters are cascaded and then are connected with the electric network through reactors Ls; the H-bridge inverters only take a negative-sequence, harmonic or part reactive compensation task; and when the device compensates a negative-sequence current, the four-quadrant rectifier provides two-way active energy flow channels for the H-bridge inverters.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cascade connection type H bridge type DSTATCOM device based on the current separation compensation, especially forDistribution network electric energy quality controlling device-distribution static reactive power compensator (distribution static synchronous compensator, topological structure DSTATCOM) and current compensation control method.
Background technology
The many level current transformers of Cascade H bridge type owing to simple in structure, be easy to advantages such as modularized design, switch load balance and harmonic wave of output voltage are little and be widely used in high-power current converting devices such as DSTATCOM.But there is the imbalance problem of the dc capacitor voltage that is caused by each power cell capacitive energy variation difference and power cell own loss in this structure, has had a strong impact on device output waveform quality.For this reason, people have been developed the balanced controlling schemes of many dc capacitor voltages, wherein the external energy exchange process since have algorithm simple independent, response speed is fast and advantage such as real-time is widely used in actual engineering.
Typical external energy exchange process adopts four-quadrant rectifier to combine dc capacitor for each power cell H bridge inverter independently DC power supply to be provided; Major advantage is: when the H bridge inverter need exchange active power with electrical network; Like DSTATCOM output three-phase imbalance offset current; When adopting method such as maximum phase current miniaturized design when device the three-phase Y type mode of connection or delta connection, independent current source is for providing the function transmission channel for inverter in this scheme; Major defect is that extra power-supply device has increased whole cost of device and volume.
DSTATCOM need comprise idle, negative phase-sequence harmonic component in order to suppress impingement, asymmetric, power quality problems such as voltage fluctuation and flicker, harmonic wave and three-phase imbalance that nonlinear-load causes power distribution network in the offset current.Traditional current control scheme is that offset current is all born by the H bridge inverter, and rectifier is only born the active power part that is caused by the negative sequence compensation electric current.Therefore, the capacity of inverter will be considerably beyond the rectifier capacity.Like this, on the one hand, because capacity volume variance can increase the complexity of parts selection; On the other hand, the price of switching device is usually along with the increase growth at double of capacity.In addition, for fundamental positive sequence reactive power compensation electric current, when this electric current is flowed through the H bridge inverter, can cause 2 pulsation of DC side energy.For suppressing the dc voltage fluctuation that this energy pulse causes, can further increase the capacity of dc capacitor.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of
Based on the cascade connection type H bridge type DSTATCOM device of current separation compensation, itCapacitance will descend along with the decline of inverter compensation capacity, not only further reduce the cost of device, reduce the volume of power cell.
The present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
A kind of cascade connection type H bridge type DSTATCOM device based on the current separation compensation is characterized in that it comprisesThe cascade structure of three-phase converter module; The cascade structure of three-phase converter module adopts y-type structure to connect, so that realize the phase-splitting decoupling zero control of three-phase current; Each power cell adopts the converter structure of AC-DC-AC; Each power cell comprises four-quadrant rectifier, dc capacitor C and H bridge inverter; Dc capacitor C left side is a four-quadrant rectifier, isolates through multi winding transformer and connects AC network, and four-quadrant rectifier combines dc capacitor C to serve as D.C. regulated power supply; Play the purpose to the balanced control of each power cell direct voltage, four-quadrant rectifier provides the part or all of fundamental positive sequence reactive power compensation electric current in the output offset current; Dc capacitor C right side is the H bridge inverter, after each unit H bridge inverter cascade through reactance
L sConnect electrical network, the H bridge inverter is only born negative phase-sequence, harmonic wave or part reactive power compensation task; When device compensation negative-sequence current, four-quadrant rectifier provides two-way meritorious energy Flow passage for the H bridge inverter.
The invention also discloses a kind of method that cascade connection type H bridge type DSTATCOM device carries out the current separation compensation of using,Four-quadrant rectifier combines dc capacitor C to serve as D.C. regulated power supply, to the balanced control of each power cell direct voltage; When
The DSTATCOM deviceDuring the compensation negative-sequence current, four-quadrant rectifier provides two-way meritorious energy Flow passage for the H bridge inverter; Four-quadrant rectifier provides the part or all of fundamental positive sequence reactive power compensation electric current in the output offset current; The H bridge inverter is only born negative phase-sequence, harmonic wave or part reactive power compensation task.
The present invention has following beneficial effect: each unit rectifier of the present invention can in time respond the variation of direct current active load, and for it provides quick energy-transmission channel, stable DC voltage; The present invention distributes the capacity of rating of set unit rectification module and inversion module rationally, reduces the overall volume and the cost of device; Reduce or cancellation element power cell dc capacitor voltage pulsating quantity, thereby can reduce the dc capacitor capacity, further reduce the cost of device; Less dc voltage ripple makes the harmonic content that is refracted in the device output voltage reduce, and can effectively improve the especially compensation effect of harmonic current of device; When device takes place redundancy with interior power cell H bridge inverter fault, with this unit inverter bypass out of service after, rectifier still can be used as reacance generator system is carried out reactive power compensation, thereby has improved the device utilization ratio.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the single-phase main circuit structure of three-phase Cascade H bridge type DSTATCOM of the Y type mode of connection.
Fig. 2 is the equivalent-circuit model of each power unit module of device.
Fig. 3 is a rating of set unit rectifier AC side stable state phasor diagram.
Fig. 4 is a rating of set unit H bridge inverter AC side first-harmonic stable state phasor diagram.
Fig. 5 is a device output three-phase negative/positive electric current stable state phasor diagram.
Embodiment
The present invention
CompriseThe cascade structure of three-phase converter module, present embodiment are the example problem analysis with single-phase, and its main circuit structure is with reference to Fig. 1,
A kind of cascade connection type H bridge type DSTATCOM device based on the current separation compensation is characterized in that it comprisesThe cascade structure of three-phase converter module; The cascade structure of three-phase converter module adopts y-type structure to connect, so that realize the phase-splitting decoupling zero control of three-phase current; Each power cell adopts the converter structure of AC-DC-AC; Each power cell comprises four-quadrant rectifier, dc capacitor C and H bridge inverter; Dc capacitor C left side is a four-quadrant rectifier, isolates through multi winding transformer and connects AC network, and four-quadrant rectifier combines dc capacitor C to serve as D.C. regulated power supply; Play the purpose to the balanced control of each power cell direct voltage, four-quadrant rectifier provides the part or all of fundamental positive sequence reactive power compensation electric current in the output offset current; Dc capacitor C right side is the H bridge inverter, after each unit H bridge inverter cascade through reactance
L sConnect electrical network, the H bridge inverter is only born negative phase-sequence, harmonic wave or part reactive power compensation task; When device compensation negative-sequence current, four-quadrant rectifier provides two-way meritorious energy Flow passage for the H bridge inverter.
Among Fig. 1, power cell adopts the version of AC-DC-AC, and the dc capacitor right side is a H bridge main inverter, after each is unit cascaded through reactance
L sConnect electrical network; The electric capacity left side is a four-quadrant rectifier, isolates through multi winding transformer and connects AC network, on the one hand, as the auxiliary circuit of stable DC voltage, plays the purpose to the balanced control of each power cell direct voltage; On the other hand, when DSTATCOM compensating three-phase unbalance electric current, for the H bridge inverter provides two-way meritorious energy Flow passage.
In the practical engineering application; DSTATCOM need comprise idle, negative phase-sequence harmonic component in order to suppress impingement, asymmetric, power quality problems such as voltage fluctuation and flicker, harmonic wave and three-phase imbalance that nonlinear-load causes power distribution network in the offset current.Traditional solution is that offset current is all born by the H bridge inverter, and rectifier is only born the active power part that is caused by the negative sequence compensation electric current.
The invention provides a kind of method that cascade connection type H bridge type DSTATCOM device carries out the current separation compensation of using,Four-quadrant rectifier combines dc capacitor C to serve as D.C. regulated power supply, to the balanced control of each power cell direct voltage, in control, works as
The DSTATCOM deviceDuring the compensation negative-sequence current, four-quadrant rectifier provides two-way meritorious energy Flow passage for the H bridge inverter; Four-quadrant rectifier provides the part or all of fundamental positive sequence reactive power compensation electric current in the output offset current like this; The H bridge inverter is only born negative phase-sequence, harmonic wave or part reactive power compensation task.
The controlling schemes that relates to a kind of current separation compensation among the present invention; Part or all of fundamental positive sequence reactive power compensation electric current is provided by four-quadrant rectifier; And the H bridge inverter is only born negative phase-sequence, harmonic wave or part reactive power compensation task, and this scheme is mainly considered based on following three aspects:
The first, in the traditional scheme, all offset current is provided by the H bridge inverter, and rectifier only provides the power component of the negative phase-sequence in whole offset currents.Therefore, the capacity of inverter will be considerably beyond the rectifier capacity.Like this, on the one hand, because capacity volume variance can increase the complexity of parts selection; On the other hand, the price of switching device is usually along with the increase growth at double of capacity.And in this programme, the part fundamental positive sequence is idle to be provided by rectifier, can make rectifier suitable with the inverter capacity, thereby the switching device type selecting is consistent, and because the reduction of inverter capacity makes the device overall cost reduce;
The second, for fundamental positive sequence reactive power compensation electric current, when this electric current is flowed through the H bridge inverter, can cause 2 pulsation of DC side energy; But for three-phase rectifier,, there is not energy exchange, therefore to not influence of DC side with DC side because three is symmetrical.At this moment, according to this programme design dc capacitor, capacitance will descend along with the decline of inverter compensation capacity, can further reduce the cost of device like this, reduce the volume of power cell;
The 3rd, when device takes place redundancy with interior power cell H bridge inverter fault, with this unit inverter bypass out of service after, rectifier still can be used as reacance generator system is carried out reactive power compensation.
To prove as follows with above-mentioned consideration at present:
The equivalent-circuit model that installs single power unit module is with reference to Fig. 2.Among the figure, indicate under the r target parameter and represent the four-quadrant rectifier circuit, indicate under the s target and represent the device main circuit parameter,
u Ab1,
u Ab2...,
u AbnRepresent each unit output voltage respectively,
uRepresent device output cascade voltage.Analyze for simplifying, it is undistorted to establish the three-phase system symmetry, and the A emf phase is:
In the formula:
ωBe electrical network first-harmonic angular frequency.
In addition, because rectifier and H bridge inverter through the dc capacitor isolation, can make rectifier net side electromotive force consistent with the system electromotive force, promptly
e Ra=
e s
1. four-quadrant rectifier DC side Mathematical Modeling
The three-phase rectifier switch adopts the Unipolar SPWM modulator approach, establishes
d Rk(
k=a, b c) is each brachium pontis SPWM duty ratio, when SPWM switching frequency during far above mains frequency, rectifier DC side electric current then
i RdcWith the AC side three-phase current
i Rk(
k=a, c) there is relation as follows in b:
（2）
Rectifier AC side stable state phase magnitude relation is with reference to Fig. 3,
θ rBe rectifier output voltage phasor
U r(ignoring the HF switch harmonic component) is with respect to the voltage on line side phasor
E rThe phase angle,
φ rBe the ac-side current phasor
I rWith respect to
E rThe phase angle, then can establish the AC side three-phase current and be:
And three-phase duty ratio function can be expressed as:
（4）
In the formula:
m rThe index of modulation for SPWM.
With formula (3), (4) substitution formula (2), after the arrangement:
（5）
Can know by formula (5), when rectifier is operated in the three-phase symmetry status, the DC side electric current
i RdcOnly comprise DC quantity,, and do not have the exchange of reactive power, therefore can not cause the dc capacitor energy hunting corresponding to the active power of AC side and DC side exchange.In other words, when rectifier is only exported three symmetrical reactive powers, with reference to Fig. 3, at this moment
θ r=0 °,
φ r=90 °, convolution (5) can be known
i RdcEqual 0, quadergy does not have energy exchange only in the three-phase alternating current side flow with DC side at this moment.This conclusion has been verified second kind of consideration of the invention described above.
2. H bridge inverter DC side Mathematical Modeling
With reference to Fig. 1,2, cascade connection type DSTATCOM adopts the modulator approach of CPS-SPWM, because each unit H bridge inverter modulating wave is consistent, thereby each unit output voltage
u Abi(
i=1,2 ...,
n, filtering HF switch component) and identical, can unify to be made as
u Ab, thereby cascade unit is always exported phase voltage and can be expressed as:
In the formula:
NBe the cascade unit number.
H bridge current transformer AC and DC side voltage-current relationship can be expressed as:
（7）
In the formula:
d a,
d bBe respectively the left and right brachium pontis duty ratio of H bridge,
i DcBe H bridge inverter DC side electric current.
Other establishes the device output voltage
uFor:
（9）
In the formula:
U 1,
U n(
n=2,3 ...) be respectively
uFirst-harmonic and higher harmonic components effective value,
θ 1,
θ n(
n=2,3 ...) be respectively
uFirst-harmonic and the initial phase angle of higher harmonic components.
Convolution (6) ~ (9), and order:
m n=
U n/ (
NU Dc),
n=1,2 ..., then:
If device output offset current
i sFor:
In the formula
φ 1,
φ l(
l=2,3 ...) do
i sFirst-harmonic and the initial phase angle of higher harmonic components,
I 1m,
I Lm(l=2,3 ...) do
i sFirst-harmonic and the amplitude of higher harmonic components.
With formula (11) substitution formula (10), and put in order:
It is visible by following formula,
i DcExist 4 with the formula part, wherein, the 2nd, 3 two parts are of ac, here no longer the further investigation, below other two parts of selective analysis formula.
A, formula (12) part 1 is launched:
It is thus clear that there are two parts of AC and DC in this part, the active power of the corresponding transmission of DC component wherein, this active power causes by first-harmonic negative sequence component in the offset current, concrete analysis as follows:
With reference to Fig. 2, can list device AC side voltage equation:
In fact, this linear equation can be split as the first-harmonic harmonic
nIndividual part:
（15）
H bridge inverter AC side first-harmonic stable state phase magnitude relation reference 4, among the figure,
I 1 +Be fundamental positive sequence reactive current phasor,
I 1 -Be the fundamental negative sequence current phasor,
φ 1 -Be the phase angle.
Can know that by Fig. 4 because there is the exchange of active power in the existence of negative sequence compensation electric current between device single phase system and the electrical network, this active power size can show with the mode of three kinds of equivalences:
Thereby can the DC quantity in the formula (13) be expressed as:
In fact, the fundamental active power sum of device three-phase system and electrical network exchange is 0, with reference to Fig. 5.
The three phases active power sum that can ask by Fig. 5:
B, formula (12) the 4th part is launched:
For following formula, there are two product terms, part 1
n≠ l, this result of product is an of ac; Part 2
n=l, can do further decomposition:
Part 2 in the formula (21) is a DC component, and corresponding to the active power of harmonic compensation current formation, and in fact, this active power is 0, analyzes as follows:
According to formula (16), corresponding subharmonic voltage
u nLeading harmonic current
i nThe phase angle is 90 °, also is
θ l=90 °-
φ l, or
θ l+
φ l=90 °, substitution formula (21) gets final product.It should be noted that when having harmonic component in the system voltage above-mentioned is that zero conclusion is not necessarily set up about harmonic wave active power, in order to simplify analysis, repeats no more here.
In sum, can obtain the DC side electric current of H bridge inverter when compensating reactive power, negative phase-sequence and harmonic current
i DcModel:
Wherein:
It is thus clear that,
i DcComprise interchange A and two parts of DC B, the corresponding pulsation energy that exchanges of A exchanges between H bridge inverter dc bus capacitor and AC side reactance, and this pulsation energy can cause the fluctuation of direct voltage, and fluctuating range is also relevant with capacitance; The meritorious energy of the corresponding direct current of B is caused that by the imbalance compensation electric current this portion of energy is through power cell left side four-quadrant rectifier and electrical network exchange.This conclusion has further been verified second kind of consideration of the invention described above.
Claims (2)
1.
A kind of cascade connection type H bridge type DSTATCOM device based on the current separation compensation is characterized in that it comprisesThe cascade structure of three-phase converter module; The cascade structure of three-phase converter module adopts y-type structure to connect, so that realize the phase-splitting decoupling zero control of three-phase current; Each power cell adopts the converter structure of AC-DC-AC; Each power cell comprises four-quadrant rectifier, dc capacitor C and H bridge inverter; Dc capacitor C left side is a four-quadrant rectifier, isolates through multi winding transformer and connects AC network, and four-quadrant rectifier combines dc capacitor C to serve as D.C. regulated power supply; Play the purpose to the balanced control of each power cell direct voltage, four-quadrant rectifier provides the part or all of fundamental positive sequence reactive power compensation electric current in the output offset current; Dc capacitor C right side is the H bridge inverter, after each unit H bridge inverter cascade through reactance
L sConnect electrical network, the H bridge inverter is only born negative phase-sequence, harmonic wave or part reactive power compensation task; When device compensation negative-sequence current, four-quadrant rectifier provides two-way meritorious energy Flow passage for the H bridge inverter.
2.
A kind of cascade connection type H bridge type DSTATCOM device of using carries out the method that current separation compensates, and it is characterized in that describedFour-quadrant rectifier combines dc capacitor C to serve as D.C. regulated power supply, to the balanced control of each power cell direct voltage; When
The DSTATCOM deviceDuring the compensation negative-sequence current, four-quadrant rectifier provides two-way meritorious energy Flow passage for the H bridge inverter; Four-quadrant rectifier provides the part or all of fundamental positive sequence reactive power compensation electric current in the output offset current; The H bridge inverter is only born negative phase-sequence, harmonic wave or part reactive power compensation task.
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| CN103236800A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2013-08-07 | 武汉大学 | Novel topological structure voltage source type inverter and adjusting method |
| CN103904908A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2014-07-02 | 国家电网公司 | Direct current side voltage stability control method |
| CN104578111A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-04-29 | 东南大学 | Static synchronous compensation device without electrolytic capacitor |
| CN104716656A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-06-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Cascading static synchronous reactive compensator topology with energy exchange unit and control method thereof |
| CN108282098A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-07-13 | 武汉大学 | A kind of New Cascading type transducer power decoupling control method |
| CN109991499A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-09 | 山东省产品质量检验研究院 | Detection device and method for reactive power compensator dynamic response and harmonics restraint |
| CN110137965A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-08-16 | 清华大学 | High-voltage cascade H bridge type SVG DC pulse adaptive filter method |
| CN111009913A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-04-14 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司嘉兴供电公司 | Battery echelon utilization cascade energy storage system for multi-station fusion |
| WO2021036794A1 (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2021-03-04 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | Control method and controller |
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| CN103904908A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2014-07-02 | 国家电网公司 | Direct current side voltage stability control method |
| CN103236800A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2013-08-07 | 武汉大学 | Novel topological structure voltage source type inverter and adjusting method |
| CN103236800B (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2015-04-15 | 武汉大学 | Novel topological structure voltage source type inverter and adjusting method |
| CN104716656A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-06-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Cascading static synchronous reactive compensator topology with energy exchange unit and control method thereof |
| CN104578111A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-04-29 | 东南大学 | Static synchronous compensation device without electrolytic capacitor |
| CN104578111B (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2017-06-09 | 东南大学 | A kind of static synchronous compensating device without electrochemical capacitor |
| CN108282098A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-07-13 | 武汉大学 | A kind of New Cascading type transducer power decoupling control method |
| CN109991499A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-09 | 山东省产品质量检验研究院 | Detection device and method for reactive power compensator dynamic response and harmonics restraint |
| CN109991499B (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2024-01-30 | 山东省产品质量检验研究院 | Detection device and method for dynamic response and harmonic suppression of reactive power compensation device |
| CN110137965A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-08-16 | 清华大学 | High-voltage cascade H bridge type SVG DC pulse adaptive filter method |
| CN110137965B (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2020-03-13 | 清华大学 | High-voltage cascaded H-bridge SVG direct-current pulse self-adaptive filtering method |
| WO2021036794A1 (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2021-03-04 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | Control method and controller |
| CN111009913A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-04-14 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司嘉兴供电公司 | Battery echelon utilization cascade energy storage system for multi-station fusion |
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