CN102327655B - 具有模式锁定装置的注射装置 - Google Patents

具有模式锁定装置的注射装置 Download PDF

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CN102327655B
CN102327655B CN2011101986512A CN201110198651A CN102327655B CN 102327655 B CN102327655 B CN 102327655B CN 2011101986512 A CN2011101986512 A CN 2011101986512A CN 201110198651 A CN201110198651 A CN 201110198651A CN 102327655 B CN102327655 B CN 102327655B
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dosage
mode locking
injection
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CN102327655A (zh
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C·S·莫勒
B·P·S·佩德森
B·克沃尔斯比尔格
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Novo Nordisk AS
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
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    • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
    • A61M5/31533—Dosing mechanisms, i.e. setting a dose
    • A61M5/31545—Setting modes for dosing
    • A61M5/31548—Mechanically operated dose setting member
    • A61M5/3155—Mechanically operated dose setting member by rotational movement of dose setting member, e.g. during setting or filling of a syringe
    • A61M5/31553—Mechanically operated dose setting member by rotational movement of dose setting member, e.g. during setting or filling of a syringe without axial movement of dose setting member
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61M5/31535—Means improving security or handling thereof, e.g. blocking means, means preventing insufficient dosing, means allowing correction of overset dose
    • A61M5/31536—Blocking means to immobilize a selected dose, e.g. to administer equal doses
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
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    • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
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    • A61M5/31566—Means improving security or handling thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61M5/31565—Administration mechanisms, i.e. constructional features, modes of administering a dose
    • A61M5/31576—Constructional features or modes of drive mechanisms for piston rods
    • A61M5/31578—Constructional features or modes of drive mechanisms for piston rods based on axial translation, i.e. components directly operatively associated and axially moved with plunger rod
    • A61M5/3158—Constructional features or modes of drive mechanisms for piston rods based on axial translation, i.e. components directly operatively associated and axially moved with plunger rod performed by axially moving actuator operated by user, e.g. an injection button
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61M5/31585—Constructional features or modes of drive mechanisms for piston rods based on rotational translation, i.e. movement of piston rod is caused by relative rotation between the user activated actuator and the piston rod performed by axially moving actuator, e.g. an injection button

Abstract

一种具有模式锁定装置的注射装置，包括壳体，可操作地设定所需剂量的剂量设定元件，适于与活塞配合以排出设定剂量的活塞杆，和模式锁定装置。该模式锁定装置适合位于第一极限位置和第二极限位置。当该模式锁定装置位于第一极限位置时，该活塞杆不与活塞配合，且当该模式锁定装置位于第二极限位置时，不能操纵该剂量设定元件设定剂量。该模式锁定装置适合在设定剂量过程中处于第一极限位置，且在注射设定剂量过程中处于第二极限位置。可以确保在设定剂量过程中液体药物不会被意外地推出，且在注射过程中不会将血液或其他体液吸入注射装置中。此外，防止在注射过程中意外改变设定剂量。该机构可容易地用于不具有刻度卷筒的注射装置。

Description

具有模式锁定装置的注射装置
本申请为享有2007年5月3日申请日且名称为“具有模式锁定装置的注射装置”的200780017835.6申请号的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种注射装置，特别是适合用于自我药疗，例如用于向患有糖尿病的人注射胰岛素，或用于注射生长激素的注射装置。更特别地，本发明涉及如上定义的注射装置且该注射装置能在设定剂量过程中防止液体药物的非意愿排出，以及在注射设定剂量的过程中该剂量设定机构的非意愿移动。
背景技术
当使用上述注射装置时，通常通过剂量设定装置设定所需剂量。当已经设定剂量时，注射针位于所需注射位置，且通过注射机构注射设定剂量，该注射机构通常包括手动操作注射按钮和与储存需注射药物的药筒的活塞配合的活塞杆。
如果在设定剂量过程中活塞杆可能在远侧方向运动，在剂量设定过程中存在液体药物意外溢出的风险。此外，如果在剂量设定过程中该活塞杆可能在近侧方向运动，可减小活塞杆作用于活塞的压力，甚至可能在活塞和活塞杆之间形成间隙，且因此当该装置的注射针随后插入注射位置时，存在血液吸入药筒中的风险。此外，如果在初始设定剂量的注射过程中该剂量设定机构可能运动，在注射过程中可能意外增加或减小设定剂量，且因此无法知道实际的注射剂量。这是非常不希望的。因此希望能够分别防止活塞杆和剂量设定机构的不希望的运动。
已经尝试使用一种具有柱形刻度卷筒的注射装置来解决上述问题，该卷筒具有写在其上的螺旋螺线数字。当在这种注射装置中设定剂量时，该柱形刻度卷筒的刻度向外，且与设定剂量相应的数字将在注射装置上的窗口显示。US2004/0059299公开了这种注射装置。该注射装置具有剂量设定元件，该剂量设定元件在设定剂量过程中与刻度卷筒可转动地轴向连接。在注射过程中该剂量设定元件不能转动。同时，该剂量设定元件与剂量杆连接，该剂量杆可通过提供与刻度卷筒的螺距相应的齿轮传动的齿轮而沿活塞杆转动。由于在设定剂量过程中剂量设定元件和刻度卷筒是轴向连接的，剂量杆以受控方式转动，由此在剂量设定过程中防止活塞杆移动。由于在注射过程中剂量设定元件不能转动，剂量杆被推回而不实施旋转运动，由此引起活塞杆的前进运动。
EP1304129公开了一种包括联锁机构的药物分配装置，该联锁机构在定量过程中防止刻度盘被下压。该装置包括驱动组件，该驱动组件安装到壳体上且可在壳体中在剂量设定位置和注射位置之间手动前进从而手动移动驱动柄以驱动药筒中的活塞。当位于剂量设定位置时，该驱动组件被锁定而不能相对壳体沿注射轴运动。分离装置固定在驱动组件和壳体中至少一者上以将驱动组件从壳体释放，从而使驱动组件相对该壳体能轴向前进以将该驱动组件从剂量设定位置移动到注射位置。
EP1304129所公开类型的注射装置也具有柱形刻度卷筒，且上面描述的机构与该刻度卷筒连接。
不利的是在剂量设定过程中防止活塞杆的不期望运动的机构被连接到刻度卷筒上，因为该机构因此不能容易地应用在不具有柱形刻度卷筒的注射装置上。而且，有时需要设计不具有这种柱形刻度卷筒的注射装置，例如为了其他目的，例如用于控制注射装置的另外的电子装置，或简单地因为需要不同的计数机构而使用刻度卷筒占用的空间。但是，还需要能够克服这种注射装置中的上述问题。
发明内容
这样，本发明的目的是提供一种注射装置，该注射装置能够在剂量设定过程中防止药物不希望的溢出，并在注射过程中防止剂量设定装置的不希望的移动。
本发明的又一目的是提供一种相对扁平的注射装置，该注射装置能够在剂量设定过程中防止药物的不希望的溢出，并在注射过程中防止剂量设定装置的不希望的移动。
本发明的又一目的是提供不具有柱形刻度卷筒的注射装置，该注射装置能够在剂量设定过程中防止药物的不希望的溢出，并在注射过程中防止剂量设定装置的不希望的移动。
根据本发明，通过提供注射装置实现上述和其他目的，该注射装置包括：
-壳体，
-剂量设定元件，该剂量设定元件可操作地设定所需剂量，
-活塞杆，该活塞杆适合与活塞配合以使该设定剂量从该注射装置推出，
-模式锁定装置，该模式锁定装置适合位于第一极限位置，在第一极限位置该活塞杆不能与该活塞配合，和位于第二极限位置，在第二极限位置不能操纵该剂量设定元件设定剂量，
其中该模式锁定装置适合在剂量设定过程中位于第一极限位置，且在设定剂量的注射过程中位于第二极限位置。
在本发明中，术语“壳体”应该被认为是至少完全包围注射装置的保持部分，由此形成注射装置边缘的部件。该壳体可具有一个或多个完全封闭的器壁或器壁部件，和/或它可具有例如栅格形式的一个或多个相对敞开的器壁或器壁部件。
该剂量设定元件是供用户手动操作以设定所需剂量的注射装置的一部分。这将在下面进一步说明。
该活塞优选地设置在容纳相关液体药物的药筒中。该活塞杆和该活塞优选地以这种方式彼此邻接定位：在远侧方向移动活塞杆使该活塞在远侧方向移动，由此将液体药物从药筒中推出。该药筒可形成该注射装置的一部分。在这种情形中，这种注射装置输送已经存在于注射装置中的液体药物，且当已经输送该药物时，该注射装置被废弃。可替换地，该药筒可以是一种分离的可动部件。在该情形中，可以利用新药筒替换该空药筒和可选择的一个或多个另外部件，也就是，仅废弃该空药筒和可选择的另外部件，而该注射装置是可重新使用的。
这种注射装置可在剂量设定过程中将能量存储在弹簧元件中。随后，释放该存储能量用于驱动该活塞杆，由此从注射装置排出设定剂量。由于用户不必提供使该设定剂量从该注射装置排出所需的力，这种注射装置具有易于具有低敏捷性或低手指力量的人使用的优点。
可替换地，这种注射装置可以是手动操作的，其中用户必须提供将设定剂量从注射装置中排出所需的力，或它可以是由电机驱动的。
该模式锁定装置适合位于第一极限位置和第二极限位置。当该模式锁定装置位于第一极限位置时，该活塞杆不与该活塞配合。因此，当该模式锁定装置位于第一极限位置时，该活塞不能意外运动，且由此液体药物不会意外溢出。而且，它防止在活塞和活塞杆之间形成间隙，且由此当注射针随后插入注射位置时血液吸入药筒的风险被最小化。由于该模式锁定装置适于在剂量设定过程中位于第一极限位置，该模式锁定装置在剂量设定过程中防止液体药物的不希望的溢出和药筒中不希望的血液。
另一方面，当该模式锁定装置位于第二极限位置时，不能操纵该剂量设定元件设定剂量。因此，当该模式锁定装置位于第二极限位置时，不会意外操纵该剂量设定元件。由于在注射该设定剂量的过程中，该模式锁定装置适合位于第二极限位置，由此可以在注射过程中防止意外增加或降低初始设定剂量。由此可以确保实际注射的剂量事实上是初始设定的所需剂量。
这样，该模式锁定装置在剂量设定过程中锁定活塞杆，且在注射该设定剂量过程中锁定剂量设定装置。
该模式锁定装置不形成柱形刻度卷筒的一部分，也不依靠该刻度卷筒的运动而实行该模式锁定装置的操作。因此，可能将该模式锁定装置用于由于某些原因而省略柱形刻度卷筒的注射装置。
这样，已经提供了上述问题的简单的机械解决方法。而且，因为该模式锁定机构可以具有相对小的半径，所以本发明提供生产具有模式锁定机构的相对扁平注射装置的可能性。这是有利的。
在一实施例中，当模式锁定装置位于第一极限位置时，该活塞杆不能在远侧方向运动。如果该注射装置具有细长形状，也就是如果该注射装置是所谓的“笔形”注射装置，该活塞杆通常是以可沿它的纵轴执行完全直线运动的方式安装在该注射装置中的相对刚性细长元件。而且，该活塞杆以这种方式安装：活塞杆在远侧方向的直线运动，也就是向安装注射针的位置的运动，引起药筒中活塞在远侧方向的相应运动，且由此将液体药物从该注射装置排出。该注射装置还具有例如注射按钮形式的手动操作注射装置。在已经设定所需剂量之后，用户操纵该注射装置，例如推动注射按钮。这引起该活塞杆在远侧方向且与设定剂量相应数量的运动。由此该注射装置注射该设定剂量。
可替换地或另外地，可旋转操作该剂量设定元件以设定所需剂量，且当该模式锁定装置位于第二极限位置时，该剂量设定元件可不执行旋转运动。在这种情形中，该剂量设定元件可以是旋转剂量旋钮的形式，可手动拨动该剂量旋钮以设定所需剂量。拨动该剂量设定元件优选地使注射按钮在近侧方向，也就是在远离注射针的位置方向至少完全直线地从壳体移动出来。该设定剂量优选地在例如安装在壳体上的电子显示器上显示。这样在注射过程中防止该剂量设定元件执行旋转运动以防止该剂量设定单元被操纵用于设定剂量，包括改变先前设定的剂量。
可通过设置在模式锁定装置和剂量设定元件上的齿的接合设置而防止该剂量设定元件旋转运动，且当该模式锁定装置运动至第二极限位置时该组齿可移动至接合位置。可替换地，由于配合面之间的邻接，可防止该剂量设定元件进行旋转运动，或以任何其他合适的方法和使用任何其他合适的装置提供该特性。
该模式锁止装置还可适于位于中间位置，在该中间位置，该活塞杆不与该活塞配合，且防止操作该剂量设定元件而设定剂量，且当其在第一和第二极限位置之间运动时，该模式锁定单元可适于位于中间位置。这样，当该模式锁定装置位于该中间位置时，防止活塞杆的运动和剂量设定装置的操作。因此，当该模式锁定装置在第一和第二极限位置之间运动时，该活塞杆不能意外运动，且该剂量设定装置不能被意外操作。由此该第一和第二极限位置被很好地分开，在某种意义上说在两极限位置之间完全没有重叠，也就是该模式锁定装置不可能位于一位置，在该位置活塞杆可能与活塞配合但也可能操纵该剂量设定元件以设定剂量。这是非常有利的。
根据一实施例，该模式锁定装置可具有第一组齿，且该活塞杆可操作地与定量元件连接，该定量元件具有第一组配合齿，且当该模式锁定装置位于第一极限位置时，该第一组齿和第一组配合齿可接合。优选地利用剂量杆通过以下方法提供该活塞杆和定量元件之间的可操作连接。该活塞杆通过第一螺纹与剂量杆接合，且该剂量杆还通过具有与第一螺纹相同螺距的第二螺纹与定量元件接合。在这种情形中，该定量元件确保该剂量杆以受控方式旋转，在剂量设定过程中该受控方式防止该活塞杆运动。另一方面，当该模式锁定装置位于第二极限位置时，也就是在注射过程中，第一组齿和第一组配合齿优选地不接合。因此，在这种情形中该定量元件能够旋转，且由于该剂量杆轴向前进而不旋转，将使得该定量元件旋转。
这样，当第一组齿和第一组配合齿接合时，防止该定量元件进行相对该模式锁定装置的旋转运动。因为活塞杆和定量元件被可操作连接，由此防止通过定量元件操作该活塞杆。
可替换地或另外地，该模式锁定装置可具有第二组齿，且该剂量设定元件可具有第二组配合齿，且当该模式锁定装置位于第二极限位置时，可接合该第二组齿和第二组配合齿。如上所述，当第二组齿和第二组配合齿接合时，防止该剂量设定元件进行旋转运动。在这种情况，可旋转地操作该剂量设定元件以设定剂量，由此该接合防止该剂量设定元件被操作而设定剂量。
该模式锁定装置可旋转地锁定到壳体上，也就是防止该模式锁定装置相对壳体进行旋转运动。可替换地，如果分别在剂量设定和注射过程中该模式锁定装置替换为可旋转地锁定到进行“双向运动”的注射装置的一个或多个元件上，可允许该模式锁定装置相对壳体旋转。在本发明内容中，术语“双向运动”应该理解为一种运动，该运动在剂量设定过程中通过特定角度且在特定方向相对壳体旋转相关元件，并且在注射过程中以相同角度在相反方向相对壳体旋转相关元件。这样，该相关元件和模式锁定装置通常返回初始角坐标。
该注射装置还可包括注射按钮，该注射按钮可操作地使活塞杆和活塞配合以使该设定剂量从注射装置排出，该注射按钮以这种方式可操作地与该模式锁定装置连接：当操纵该注射按钮以使设定剂量从注射装置排出时，该模式锁定装置自动从第一极限位置向第二极限位置移动。根据该实施例，该注射装置优选地用以下方式操作。
当需要注射一定剂量的液体药物时，用户通过手动操作剂量设定元件设定所需剂量。在设定该剂量之前需要手动地将模式锁定装置移动到第一极限位置。当已经设定所需剂量时，该注射针插入所需注射位置，且随后操纵该注射按钮。开始，该操作将导致该模式锁定装置优选地经上述中间位置从第一极限位置移动到第二极限位置。当该模式锁定装置已经移动到第二极限位置时，可能操纵该活塞杆，且因此该注射按钮的操作还将使得该设定剂量从注射装置中推出。
根据优选实施例，该模式锁定装置适合独立于柱形刻度卷筒而操作。由此将该模式锁定特性应用于不包括这种柱形刻度卷筒的注射装置中成为可能。
附图说明
现在将参考附图对本发明进行更加详细的描述，其中
图1是根据本发明第一实施例的注射装置的透视图；
图2示出用于图1的注射装置的定量元件、模式锁定元件和剂量设定元件；
图3-6以各种位置示出在该注射装置的操作过程中图1的注射装置的所选部件；
图7是图1的注射装置的分解视图；
图8是根据本发明第二实施例的注射装置的透视图；
图9是图8的注射装置的剖视图；
图10-13以各种位置示出在注射装置操作过程中的图8的注射装置的所选部件；
图14是图8注射装置分解视图。
具体实施方式
图1是注射装置1的透视图，该注射装置包括壳体2，可旋转操纵以设定所需剂量的剂量设定元件3，和手动操作以使设定剂量从注射装置1推出的注射按钮4。壳体2包括药筒保持部5，该药筒保持部适于容纳药筒，该药筒容纳通过注射装置1注射的液体药物。该注射装置1还具有显示器6，该显示器适于显示各种相关信息，包括剂量设定量。
图2示出用于图1注射装置的定量元件7、模式锁定元件8和剂量设定元件3。该模式锁定元件8的内表面具有第一组齿9，且定量元件7的外表面具有第一组配合齿10。该定量元件7和模式锁定元件8可以第一组齿9和第一组配合齿10接合的方式相对彼此定位，由此可旋转地将定量元件7和模式锁定元件8彼此锁定。这形成用于模式锁定元件8的第一极限位置。这将在下面更详细地描述。
而且，该模式锁定元件8的外表面具有第二组齿11，且该剂量设定元件3具有第二组配合齿12。该模式锁定元件8和剂量设定元件3以第二组齿11和第二组配合齿12接合的方式相对彼此定位，由此可旋转地将模式锁定元件8和剂量设定元件3彼此锁定。这形成用于模式锁定元件8的第二极限位置。这将在下面更详细地描述。
图3-6示出图1的注射装置的选择部件。这样，为了清楚，在这些图中仅示出用于表示注射装置1的操作的基本部件。
在图3中，注射装置1准备设定剂量。这样，注射按钮4靠近剂量设定元件3设置，且该模式锁定元件8以上述的第一组齿和第一组配合齿接合的方式设置，也就是该模式锁定元件8位于第一极限位置。该模式锁定元件8相对壳体可旋转地固定，且因此在图3所示情形中该定量元件7也相对壳体可旋转固定。活塞杆13相对接近剂量设定元件3的位置定位，由此表示插入该注射装置1的药筒(未示出)是充满的或几乎充满的。
定量元件7通过第一螺纹与剂量杆14连接，且该剂量杆14也通过第二螺纹与活塞杆13连接。在该示例中，该第一螺纹和第二螺纹具有相同螺距。因此，当该剂量设定元件3旋转时，在剂量设定过程中该剂量杆14以防止活塞杆13移动的受控方式一起旋转。在注射过程中剂量杆14轴向移动但不旋转，因为在这种情形中该模式锁定元件8位于它的第二极限位置，且由此该定量元件7和模式锁定元件8脱离。因此，在图3所示情形中，由于该定量元件7不旋转，该活塞杆13不轴向移动，且由此它防止推动药筒中的活塞，且由此防止液体药物从注射装置1中推出。
当要设定剂量时，用户旋转该剂量设定元件3。该剂量设定元件3以旋转剂量设定元件3以使剂量杆14旋转的方式与剂量杆14可操作连接。由于螺纹，这将使剂量杆14沿活塞杆13运动。该剂量杆14通过齿轮滑座(图7中的18，图3中不可见)与齿轮16轴向连接。该齿轮16通过它的轮齿与形成注射按钮4一部分的第一齿条15接合。由于剂量杆14和齿轮16之间通过齿轮滑座连接，当剂量杆14如上述旋转时，齿轮16在近侧方向轴向移动。该齿轮16也通过它的轮齿与第二齿条17接合，该第二齿条与该模式锁定装置8可操作连接。由于该接合，当它与剂量杆14一起轴向移动时引起齿轮16旋转。结果，部分由于齿轮16的轴向运动，且部分由于齿轮16的旋转导致的第一齿条15的运动，该注射按钮4在近侧方向以2∶1的齿轮比轴向运动。
图4示出位于已经设定剂量位置的注射装置1。清楚的是与图3所示的情形相比该注射按钮4已经在近侧方向运动。在图4中，该剂量设定元件3以部分剖开的方式示出剂量设定元件3和模式锁定元件8之间的相对位置。如可以见到的，在图4中第二组齿11和第二组配合齿12不接合。因此，旋转剂量设定元件3是可能的，也就是增加或减少设定剂量是可能的。
为了注射该设定剂量，用户将该注射针(未示出)定位在所需注射位置。用于推动该注射按钮4以将它返回图3所示位置，由此注射该设定剂量。但是，如上所述，该第一组齿(未示出)接合第一组配合齿(未示出)，且由此防止该定量元件7进行旋转运动。因此推动该注射按钮4将不立即导致注射该设定剂量。代替的将发生下面内容。
如上提及的，该注射按钮4具有与齿轮16接合的第一齿条15。因此，推动该注射按钮4将引起齿轮16旋转。该齿轮16还接合如上所述与模式锁定装置8可操作连接的第二齿条17。因此，旋转齿轮16引起第二齿条17和由此的模式锁定装置8在近侧方向运动。由此第二组齿11和第二组配合齿12移动接合而第二组齿和第二组配合齿脱离接合，也就是该模式锁定装置8从第一极限位置移动至第二极限位置。
该情形在图5中示出。清楚地看到该第二组齿11和第二组配合齿12已经移动接合，且第一组齿(不可见)和第一组配合齿10已经脱离接合。因此，现在不可能旋转剂量设定元件3以增加或减少设定剂量。但是，该定量元件7可相对模式锁定元件8自由旋转。因此，进一步推动该注射按钮4将导致该齿轮16进行旋转运动和远端方向的轴向移动。结果，剂量杆14和活塞杆13将如上述运动。由于该剂量杆14现在不能旋转，由于接合螺纹它将引起该定量元件7旋转。由此该定量元件7将与不旋转的、轴向弹簧负荷第二定量元件(未示出)配合产生咔嗒声。
可执行上述程序而没有意外旋转剂量设定元件3的风险，也就是由于第二组齿11和第二组配合齿12的接合确保在注射过程中初始设定的剂量不会意外增加或减少。
图6示出位于已经注射该设定剂量位置的注射装置1。这样，该注射按钮4已经返回图3的位置。与图3相比，该活塞杆14已经在远侧方向运动，由此表示药筒中的活塞已经相应运动，且由此已经注射该设定剂量，且该药筒不再是充满的。从图6可以清楚地看到该模式锁定元件8保持在第二极限位置，也就是该第二组齿和第二组配合齿保持接合。因此，该模式锁定元件8将必须在注射装置1再次准备设定新剂量之前手动移动到第一极限位置。
图7是图1的注射装置的分解视图。因此，图7给出注射器1的单独部件的清晰视图。
图8是根据本发明第二实施例的注射装置1的透视图，该注射装置1包括壳体2和剂量设定元件3，该剂量设定元件可旋转地操作以设定所需剂量。该剂量设定元件3也起注射按钮的作用。这将在下面更详细地描述。壳体2包括适于容纳药筒的药筒保持部5，该药筒容纳通过注射装置1注射的液体药物。这种注射装置1在剂量设定过程中将能量储存在弹簧元件中，该能量在注射过程中释放且用于驱动活塞杆以使设定剂量从注射装置1中推出。这也将在下面进一步解释。
图9是图8的注射装置1的剖视图。在图9中，可见到活塞杆13和可压缩弹簧19。该可压缩弹簧19设置在剂量管20中，且它在剂量设定过程中通过连接在剂量管20内部上的弹簧压缩元件21而被压缩。由此能量储存在压缩弹簧19中，且在注射过程中释放该能量且用于在远侧方向驱动活塞杆13，由此在远侧方向推动设置在药筒(未示出)中的活塞22，且使该设定药剂从注射装置1中排出。
在剂量设定过程中，用以下方式防止活塞杆13在远侧方向运动。与活塞杆13螺纹接合的设置在第一锁定元件23上的一组齿与设置在可旋转地锁定到壳体2上的导管24上的一组齿接合。由此防止该第一锁定元件23和导管24进行相对转动。同时，旋转锁25防止活塞杆13旋转。由此防止该活塞杆13在远侧方向运动。这将在下面参考图10-13更详细描述。
在注射过程中，因为设置在相对壳体2旋转锁定的第二锁定元件26上的一组齿与设置在该剂量设定元件3内部的一组齿接合，防止该剂量设定元件3进行旋转运动。这也将在下面更详细地解释。
图10-13示出图8的注射装置1的选择部件。这样为了清楚起见，在这些图中仅示出基本表示该注射装置1的操作的部件。
在图10中，该注射装置1准备设定剂量。可以看到设置在第一锁定元件23上的齿和设置在导管24上的齿接合。由于该接合，且由于活塞杆13与第一锁定元件23的螺纹接合，如果它通过第一锁定元件23螺旋，它将仅允许在远侧方向运动。但是，如上所述，由于该旋转锁(在图10中不可见)，防止该活塞杆13进行旋转运动。因此，防止该活塞杆13在远侧方向运动。
当需要设定剂量时，拨动该剂量设定元件3，由此旋转剂量管20和设置在剂量管中的弹簧压缩元件(不可见)。这使得弹簧压缩元件(不可见)沿活塞杆13的螺纹爬升，由此压缩该弹簧(不可见)且在近侧方向移动该剂量管20。
图11示出位于已经设定剂量位置的注射装置1。可以看到该剂量管20已经在近侧方向移动。设置在第一锁定元件23上的该组齿仍与设置在导管24上的该组齿接合，也就是如上所述仍防止该活塞杆13在远侧方向运动。
当需要注射该设定剂量时，在远侧方向推动该剂量设定元件3。开始，这将设置在第二锁定元件26上的该组齿推动至与设置在剂量设定元件3中的该组齿接合，由此防止剂量设定元件3的进一步旋转，也就是防止进一步设定剂量。在该初始运动过程中，设置在第一锁定元件23上的该组齿继续与设置在导管24上的该组齿接合。这样在初始时间段中，将防止该剂量设定元件3旋转，同时防止活塞杆13在远侧方向运动，也就是同时防止剂量设定和注射。由此在某种程度上及时消除了可能的剂量设定和注射的风险。
在远侧方向进一步推动剂量设定元件3以在远侧方向推动导管24，由此移动设置在导管24上的该组齿以脱离与设置在第一锁定元件23上的该组齿的接合。由此允许第一锁定元件23旋转。因此，当使该第一锁定元件23转动时，允许该活塞杆13在远侧方向运动。同时释放储存在弹簧中的能量，且该释放能量用于在远侧方向驱动该活塞杆13，由此使得排出该设定剂量。
图12示出位于一位置的注射装置1，在该位置已经在远侧方向充分推动该剂量设定元件3，使得设置在第二锁定元件26上的该组齿与设置在剂量设定元件3中的该组齿接合，且足以使得设置在第一锁定元件23上的该组齿与设置在导管24上的该组齿脱离。但是，仅释放储存在弹簧中的能量，且因此不移动该活塞杆13。
图13示出位于已经注射该设定剂量位置的注射装置1。这样，该剂量管20已经向后移动至初始位置，且该活塞杆13已经向远侧移动。设置在第一锁定元件23上的该组齿仍与设置在导管24上的该组齿脱离接合，且设置在第二锁定元件26上的该组齿仍与设置在剂量设定元件3中的该组齿接合。但是，减轻剂量设定元件3上的压力将使得该情形反向。
图14是图8的注射装置的分解视图。因此，图14给出注射装置1的单独部件的清晰视图。

Claims (5)

1.一种注射装置(1)，包括：
-壳体(2)，
-剂量设定元件(3)，该剂量设定元件可旋转操作地设定所需剂量，
-活塞杆(13)，该活塞杆与活塞配合以从该注射装置(1)排出设定剂量，该活塞杆(13)可操作地连接到定量元件(7，23)，
-模式锁定装置(8；24，26)，该模式锁定装置可旋转地锁定到该壳体(2)上并且在第一极限位置和第二极限位置之间能够移动，该模式锁定装置(8；24，26)适合在剂量设定过程中位于该第一极限位置，且在注射该设定剂量过程中位于该第二极限位置，
-注射按钮(4；3)，该注射按钮可操作地使该活塞杆(13)与该活塞配合以使设定剂量从该注射装置(1)排出，该注射按钮(4；3)以这种方式与该模式锁定装置(8；24，26)可操作连接：当操纵该注射按钮(4；3)以使设定剂量从该注射装置(1)排出时，该模式锁定装置(8；24，26)自动从该第一极限位置向该第二极限位置运动，以及
其中该模式锁定装置(8；24，26)具有第一组齿(9)，且该定量元件(7，23)具有第一组配合齿(10)，其中当该模式锁定装置(8；24，26)位于第一极限位置时，第一组齿(9)与第一组配合齿(10)接合，从而防止该活塞杆(13)与该活塞配合；以及
其中该模式锁定装置(8；24，26)具有第二组齿(11)，且该剂量设定元件(3)具有第二组配合齿(12)，其中当该模式锁定装置(8)位于第二极限位置时，该第二组齿(11)与第二组配合齿(12)接合，从而防止操纵该剂量设定元件(3)来设定剂量。
2.根据权利要求1的注射装置，其中当该模式锁定装置(8；24，26)位于该第一极限位置时，防止该活塞杆(13)在远侧方向运动。
3.根据权利要求1的注射装置，其中可旋转操纵该剂量设定元件(3)以设定所需剂量，且其中当该模式锁定装置(8；24，26)位于该第二极限位置时，防止该剂量设定元件(3)进行旋转运动。
4.根据权利要求1的注射装置，其中该模式锁定装置(8；24，26)还适合位于中间位置，在该中间位置防止该活塞杆(13)与该活塞配合，且防止操纵该剂量设定元件(3)设定剂量，当在第一和第二极限位置之间运动时，该模式锁定装置(8；24，26)适合位于中间位置。
5.根据权利要求1的注射装置，其中该模式锁定装置(8；24，26)适合独立于柱状刻度卷筒操纵。 
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