CN102319067B - Nerve feedback training instrument used for brain memory function improvement on basis of electroencephalogram - Google Patents
Nerve feedback training instrument used for brain memory function improvement on basis of electroencephalogram Download PDFInfo
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- CN102319067B CN102319067B CN201110119581.7A CN201110119581A CN102319067B CN 102319067 B CN102319067 B CN 102319067B CN 201110119581 A CN201110119581 A CN 201110119581A CN 102319067 B CN102319067 B CN 102319067B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a nerve feedback training instrument used for the brain memory function improvement on the basis of electroencephalogram. The scalp electroencephalogram collected in the brain activity process can be used for carrying out quantitative detection on the real-time state of the memory, the electroencephalogram rhythm waves presenting the memory level are shown to users to guide the users to consciously regulate the electroencephalogram rhythm waves, and the goal of improving the memory level is reached. The instrument is characterized in that firstly, an electroencephalogram collection module is used for collecting the electroencephalogram of the users under the classical memory task, and the electroencephalogram rhythm waves presenting the memory level are extracted; and then, the real-time memory state of the brain is described through an electroencephalogram analysis module and is fed back and output to the users in a striking and attractive mode. The users can directionally regulate the electroencephalogram rhythm waves according to the real-time feedback, and the goal of improving the memory is reached. The memory electroencephalogram of the users is used as the feedback signals of the system in a nerve feedback system for the first time, and the invention provides a new idea for the application direction of the nerve feedback system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of neural feedback instrument for training based on EEG signals improving for brain memory function, specifically refer to online acquisition human brain scalp EEG signals and give brain electricity analytical module, brain electricity analytical module is according to the distribution character of user's brain wave rhythm wave component, the memory level that real-time estimate brain is current, and train by neural feedback, guides user is the rhythm and pace of moving things ripple relevant with memory level in orientation adjustment EEG signals consciously, reaches the function of improving memory.Whole process is to utilize the analyzing and processing of EEG signals, and analysis result Real-time Feedback to user, can allow user better understand in self brain and characterize the state of the brain wave rhythm ripple of memory level, and encourage user's self regulation EEG signals, reach the object that improves memory ability.This invention belongs to the combination application in cognitive neuroscience field and signal processing technology field, is automatic control technology field.
Background technology
Neural feedback is a kind for the treatment of technology that results from the eighties of last century sixties, goes for a lot of fields such as body illness, psychotic mental illness, rehabilitation.Neural feedback is mainly to utilize some electronic equipments, measures neural activity situation, and normal or abnormal nervous system activity situation is selectively converted to vision or audible signal Real-time Feedback to user.The application of traditional neural feedback technology generally adopts electrocardio, skin temperature, myoelectricity and respiratory rhythm etc. as input signal, and feedback means is also more single, and audition mostly is simple syllable, and visual aspects mostly is traffic lights form.
The brain electric nerve feedback technique that the present invention adopts is by gathering user's EEG signals, and be transferred to computing module, through after the analysis of computing module, the brain wave rhythm wave energy of the current memory level of reflection user is distributed, in patterned mode, present to user, guides user is utilized feedback signal orientation adjustment and strengthening specific brain regions node rule signal, improves the brain wave rhythm signal that characterizes memory level, to reach the object that improves memory thereby reach.
Key technology in brain electric nerve feedback is the feedback form of presenting to user.The quality of feedback form directly affects user's orientation adjustment brain electric nerve signal, user participates in enthusiasm etc., thereby has important impact for feedback training result.Current neural feedback technology is mainly utilized Computer Multimedia Technology, and feedback form is different, and some feedback form is vivaciously lively, is especially applicable to children's to train.But as a whole, EEG signals is a kind of very faint signal, in nervous feedback system, the accurate acquisition of signal is difficult to guarantee, and when guaranteeing that control signal reaches higher accuracy, whether feedback effects is accurately outstanding, allow user be difficult for producing fatigue and weary mood, be just more not easy.
Conventional brain electric nerve feedback system has the nerve feedback treating device (nerve feedback treating device of insomnia for insomnia problem at present, patent of invention, application number: 200710018070.X, publication number: CN101099670), feedback system (the method and apparatus based on brain wave signal processing system quantitatively evaluating mental states of the EEG signals assessment mental status, patent of invention, application number: 200780052261.6, publication number CN101677774) etc.
1) for solving the nerve feedback treating device of insomnia problem
The nerve feedback treating device of this invention belongs to corticocerebral specific potential stimulus method.First with the electrode at F3, the F4 of scalp top, C3, tetra-positions of C4, obtain EEG signals, reference electrode is positioned at ear-lobe position.Next is that sleep cerebral electricity analytic unit carries out basic EEG signals pretreatment work to the EEG signals obtaining, and comprises filtering, baseline correction etc.Then adopt brain electricity to return the complexity value that complexity algorithm obtains EEG signals, the quantitative magnitude of the degree of depth of on-line prediction sleep.Finally, according to the quantitative values of Depth of sleep, generate corresponding stimulus modelity, by scalp electrode, act on the stimulation that brain carries out 60 seconds.
The method, by electrode, is utilized extraneous stimulating electrical signal cortex, professional more intense; The electrical signal intensity of choosing and stimulating for current potential has strict requirement, need under professional's operation, complete, and need to repeatedly test to guarantee to stimulate and can not cause brain damage, and the application of this system is restricted.
2) feedback system of the EEG signals assessment mental status
First this system utilizes the brain wave acquisition equipment collection user of U.S. G.TEC company carrying out constantly the EEG signals that right-hand man moves under imagination task, then from signal, extract reaction left and right chirokinesthetic brain electrical feature composition, identify accordingly the motion task of the current imagination of user, and set up the computation model from EEG's Recognition user imagery motion, for online from the eeg data at family being identified to the type of sports of user's subjective imagination.Next by sliding window technology, by the model and the parameter that obtain before, calculate the characteristic vector in brain electricity, online EEG signals is classified, what identification user imagined is left hand motion or right hand motion, and moves to the left or to the right for the dolly of controlling on screen computer.The nervous feedback system of this system is to have built a virtual system, by the moving of car in the output control virtual system of classification before, allow user directly observe the motion imagination result of oneself and the persistent period of kinestate, make it to regulate as possible the imagination result of oneself, thereby reach the closed loop effect of neural feedback.
In this system, in order to improve the accuracy rate of the online classification of motion imagination signal, conventionally require user to carry out the training of long period, therefore, the practicality of this system is subject to certain impact.In addition, because bringing out of current potential of the motion imagination needs the regular hour, and the training time that user need to be very long, therefore system is easy to be subject to the impact of ambient brightness in use, long-time use can cause user's fatigue, and EEG signals active state declines, and affects the differentiation accuracy rate of system.
The present invention is directed to the improvement of memory ability, use the neural feedback technology based on brain electricity to train user.The memory function of brain is one of study hotspot in cognitive psychology, cognitive neuroscience and developmental psychology always.A large amount of researchs show, memory ability has irreplaceable effect in individual cognition behavior, is the central factor of complicated cognitive behavior.Meanwhile, should see that individual memory training has more meaning.As helped the exceptional child of learning difficulty to break away from learning dilemma, improve school grade.In addition, in the aging of population and even mild cognitive impairment, the large brain cognitive function decline showing is at first exactly the degeneration of memory.The 60 years old above aging population sum in the whole world reached more than 600,000,000 at present, has the aging population of more than 60 country to meet or exceed 10% of population, entered aged tendency of population society ranks.Memory cognitive competence significantly declines and can accelerate people's Aging Problem, so help old people to delay the degeneration of cognitive function such as memory by memory training, just for the application prospect of memory training, has proposed higher, more wide space.
The people such as Klingberg adopt a kind of new working memory training mission to train the working memory of Children with Hyperkinetic Syndrome.Task (Klingberg when training content comprises visual space Working Memory Task, numerical span task, the reaction of word range task choosing, T, Forssberg, H, & Westerberg, H.Training of working memory in children with ADHD.Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 2002.24,781-791).Except this part, memory training also has abacus mental calculation and music training etc.But these training feedback modes all belong to the feedback system in behavior, the i.e. performance in training mission and score according to each user, progressively adjust training difficulty, and can not be in training process adjustment difficulty or give user feedback situation progressively, more can not be by the variation of user's cerebral activity pattern, if brain wave rhythm ripple signal feedback is to user.The present invention feeds back to user's brain wave rhythm ripple signal, will to user, provide clearer and more definite targeting, and guides user is improved the brain wave rhythm ripple that the cerebral activity relevant with memory produces, to reach effective object of improving memory ability.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to a kind of neural feedback instrument for training based on EEG signals improving for brain memory function, is mainly that EEG signals neural feedback technology is combined with memory training.The present invention combines EEG signals nervous feedback system with individual brain memory training, individual memory ability level is carried out quantitatively, objectively evaluated, utilization is based on EEG signals neural feedback technology, the brain wave rhythm ripple that characterizes user's memory level in EEG signals is presented to user with form online feedback suitably, guides user is carried out autotraining, regulate the rhythm and pace of moving things ripple relevant with hypermnesia, reach the object of hypermnesis ability, for neural feedback provides new application prospect, for improving the cognitive functions such as memory, improve new training tool.This training method is than traditional behavior training method, can more clearly disclose in memory training process, the Changing Pattern of the rhythm and pace of moving things ripple of brain, thereby guides user effectively, targeting regulates cerebral activity clearly, to produce specific brain wave rhythm ripple, for improving memory ability, provide more effective training tool.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
EEG signals neural feedback instrument for training of the present invention comprises following components: the acquisition module of EEG signals, the EEG signals of online acquisition people under remember condition (being mainly short term memory); Brain electricity analytical module comprises Signal Pretreatment and two unit of memory function analysis, and the former does necessary noise reduction process to EEG signals; The latter extracts the rhythm and pace of moving things wave energy of brain, builds the brain electrical feature that characterizes memory ability; Feedback module reacts the brain electrical feature of the sign memory level extracting in a variety of forms to user, makes its remember condition that can see intuitively oneself, progressively adjusts, and reaches the object of memory training.
The present invention includes following three modules: (1) brain wave acquisition module: by the electrode being distributed on scalp, gather EEG signals, and through amplifying, after digital-to-analogue conversion, pass to computing module.(2) brain electricity analytical module: operation brain electricity analytical program on computers, the signal collecting to be carried out after basic EEG signals pretreatment, the feature of automatic analysis EEG signals under different memory tasks, extracts the rhythm and pace of moving things ripple relevant with memory level.(3) online feedback module: will present to user with the EEG signals of memory Horizontal correlation with forms such as animation, music in user's brain electricity, encourage to and guide user to pass through the strategies such as meditation, adjust EEG signals towards the direction of improving memory.
In actual use, the involved in the present invention neural feedback instrument for training based on EEG signals improving for brain memory function includes training and two stages of feedback.Before first use, suitably training, indicating user completes certain memory tasks, carries out one-back experiment, allows user judge that whether current seen picture is identical with the front picture once seen, gathers user's eeg data simultaneously.Utilize the eeg data that the training stage gathers, what Main Differences that can analysis user EEG signals under different remember conditions is, extracts the brain wave rhythm ripple signal that those can characterize memory ability.At feedback stage, the determined brain wave rhythm wave energy relevant to user's memory ability of training stage distributed and present to user, allow user can understand own current memory state, and adjust online the Energy distribution of brain wave rhythm ripple, to form positive feedback, reach the object of improving memory.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: system of the present invention forms schematic diagram
Fig. 2: flow chart of data processing schematic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 3: electrode for encephalograms position view
Fig. 4: memory tasks experiment flow figure
The corresponding schematic diagram of Fig. 5: brain wave rhythm ripple---state of consciousness
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is the system formation schematic diagram for the neural feedback instrument for training based on EEG signals of brain memory function improvement.
System of the present invention mainly includes: brain wave acquisition module, electroencephalogramsignal signal analyzing module, online feedback module form.
Brain wave acquisition module: adopt 64 ActiveTwo electroencephalographs of Dutch Biosemi company to obtain users' EEG signals, ActiveTwo electroencephalograph can detect the current potential of scalp surface by being attached to electrode on scalp.Because the EEG signals in the collection of scalp diverse location has larger difference, relevant Nao district mainly concentrates on frontal lobe, prefrontal lobe to memory, so the electrode that the present invention mainly pays close attention to concentrates on Fz, FCz, C3, C4, the position such as F3, F4 in the international 10-20 lead system of brain electric data collecting, distribution of electrodes as shown in Figure 3.The EEG signals of these electrode collections is given brain electricity analytical module after amplifying mould/number conversion.
Brain electricity analytical module: by operation program on computers, automatically EEG signals is analyzed, it comprises three functions: (1) pretreatment is carried out noise reduction to EEG signals; (2) training stage and the extraction of remembering relevant brain wave rhythm wave component; (3) memory level of application stage based on electroencephalogramsignal signal analyzing brain.(1) pretreatment stage, mainly adopts the methods such as airspace filter, low-pass filtering, Baseline wander to remove eye electricity, the brain electricity artefacts such as power frequency interference.Wherein the object of filtering is to remove the noise jamming of high frequency, adopts FIR band filter, and cut-off frequency is 0.05-40 hertz; In EEG measuring, nictation, ocular movement are difficult to avoid, these motions have changed the Electric Field Distribution of around eyes, thereby changed the Electric Field Distribution of scalp surface, when being picked up by scalp electrode, just formed eye movement artefact, the present invention adopts independent component analysis (ICA) method, and independently eye movement source separation is out also removed.(2) training stage, the main task of brain electricity analytical module is to determine the brain wave rhythm ripple relevant to memory.Recent study shows, brain wave and state of consciousness have substantial connection, according to the difference of frequency, can be divided into a plurality of wave bands (rhythm and pace of moving things ripple) and represent that respectively brain, in different state of consciousness, is specifically shown in Fig. 5.By comparing the performance of user under different memory tasks and the relation of EEG signals, analyze common brain wave rhythm ripple (the θ ripple of 4-7 hertz, the α ripple of 8-12 hertz, the SMR ripple of 12-15 hertz, the low β ripple of 13-20 hertz, the high β ripple of 20-30 hertz) Energy distribution.Whether the memory tasks here adopts one-back experimental paradigm, require user to observe current stimulation identical with front 1 stimulation, and the task type here adopts Graphic Pattern Matching.Require user to judge whether two stimulations are same figure, and no matter their position of appearing.Under memory tasks during brain wave acquisition each picture to present the persistent period be 1500 milliseconds, then interval is 6000 milliseconds, subsequently, then presents 1500 milliseconds of pictures, requires testedly to judge whether this pictures is previous picture.The sample frequency of brain wave acquisition is 250 hertz.Idiographic flow is with reference to Fig. 4.(3) application stage, calculating rhythm and pace of moving things wave energy relevant to memory in eeg data distributes, and the characteristic of EEG signals in different brain wave acquisition passages, the brain wave characteristic relevant to memory of finding for user according to the training stage, especially the coherence's index between the rhythm and pace of moving things ripple between Different electrodes EEG signals, quantitative evaluation and prediction to the current memory function of user's brain.Brain electricity coherence is a kind of non-invasive technology of functional cohesion between research brain zones of different, reflect the fluctuate consistent degree of form of paired signal in a certain frequency range, can indirectly reflect the contact degree between the cerebral cortex of corresponding site, computing formula is as follows:
P in formula
xy(w) be the crosspower spectrum of two signals, P
xxand P (w)
yy(w) be respectively the autopower spectral density of two signals.Coherent value between two EEG signals is larger, illustrates that the synchronization degree of both activities is higher, and the degree of pointing out two signals to interdepend, mutually get in touch with is stronger.This coherence between each rhythm and pace of moving things ripple of EEG signals, reacted the cognitive function state of brain, coherence between rhythm and pace of moving things wave energy value and electrode as the characteristic vector input training stage set up based on support vector machine (SVM, Support Vector Machine) memory level computation model, can be according to EEG signals prediction and evaluation user's current memory level.
Feedback module: specific component relevant to memory in the current EEG signals of user is presented to user in time, as the mode of employing block diagram and bar diagram, together with the current memory ability of the user who obtains according to SVM algorithm etc. information, feed back to user, and point out and encourage user to regulate brain electricity composition, promote memory state.Feedback module can show a lovely panda, and when user effectively regulates the cognitive competence such as brain memory, the expression prompting user who has a smile refuels, otherwise, there is dejected expression, user can understand feedback information better like this, effectively feed back the effect of training for promotion.
Claims (1)
1. the neural feedback instrument for training based on EEG signals improving for brain memory function, this neural feedback instrument for training comprises:
(1) brain wave acquisition module: gather EEG signals by being distributed in electrode on scalp, collect the EEG signals of brain under remember condition, and signal is done and amplified, after A-D conversion process, be stored in digital form in computer; The feature of described brain wave acquisition module comprises: the scalp electrode of leading more, and scalp electrode only need be arranged near Nao relevant to memory function district frontal lobe, prefrontal lobe;
(2) brain electricity analytical module: operation brain electricity analytical program on computers, the signal collecting to be carried out after basic EEG signals pretreatment, the EEG signals feature of automatic analysis under different remember conditions, extracts the rhythm and pace of moving things ripple relevant with memory level; Described brain electricity analytical module, is characterized in that comprising: EEG signals pretreatment unit, carries out basic baseline calibration, filtering to EEG signals; Memory function analytic unit, calculates coherence between corresponding rhythm and pace of moving things wave energy and specific brain regions district jointly as feature, with support vector machine constructive memory computation model, utilizes the current memory level of EEG signals predictive user;
(3) online feedback module: will present to user with the EEG signals of memory Horizontal correlation with the form of animation, music in user's brain electricity, encourage to and guide user to pass through meditation strategy, adjust EEG signals towards the direction of improving memory ability; Described online feedback module is characterised in that: memory computation model and the instant EEG signals according to brain electricity analytical module, set up obtain the current remember condition of user, the brain wave rhythm wave energy relevant to memory ability distributed and present to user, and adjust online the Energy distribution of brain wave rhythm ripple, to form positive feedback, reach the object of improving memory ability.
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