CN102226499A - Simulated deepwater oil-gas-water mixed transportation experimental device - Google Patents
Simulated deepwater oil-gas-water mixed transportation experimental device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a simulated deepwater oil-gas-water mixed transportation experimental device. The experimental loop comprises a slug flow catcher, an oil-gas-water three phase separator, an oil storage tank, a water storage tank, an oil-gas-water three phase mixer, a first stage compressor, a second stage compressor, a natural gas hydrate generation simulation device and a pinch-sleeve type heat-exchange device, wherein the oil storage tank and the water storage tank are respectively communicated with the oil-gas-water three phase separator through a horizontal pipeline I and a horizontal pipeline II; the oil outlet, the water outlet and the gas outlet of oil-gas-water three phase separator are respectively connected with the oil-gas-water three phase mixer through a pipeline a, a pipeline b and a pipeline c; an oil transfer pump, a water transfer pump and the first stage compressor are respectively arranged on the pipeline a, the pipeline b and the pipeline c; the first stage compressor is connected with the second stage compressor through a pipeline d; the second stage compressor is connected with the natural gas hydrate generation simulation device; the outlet of the oil-gas-water three phase mixer is connected with a tilting pipeline e, and the other end of the pipeline e is connected with the inlet of a stand pipe; a visual window is arranged on the pipeline e; and an exit end of the stand pipe is connected with the slug flow catcher.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of simulation deep water hydrocarbon water mixed delivery experimental setup, belong to the mobile safety guarantee technical field of deep water.
Background technique
Compare with single-phase flowing, oil gas water multiphase is moving to be a kind of very complicated flowing.We can say that people still fundamentally do not solve the problem that its flow characteristic is accurately predicted so far.Since late 1970s, the progressively expansion of the discovery in oil field, the European North Sea and exploitation scale has further strengthened the demand to the deep water multiphase mixed transportation technology, has effectively promoted the development of this technology.
The deep water seabed is high static pressure, low temperature environment, and this has proposed strict requirement to sea-bottom oil-gas mixed transporting tube road.The application practice at scene, deep water hydrocarbon field shows, in deep water hydrocarbon mixed transporting tube road, the problem of bringing by multiphase flow composition, seabed relief, operation etc., as slug flow, analyse wax, hydrate etc., serious threat is to the normal operation of producing and the safety of seabed gathering system, and the dangerous situation that causes thus takes place again and again.Influence deep water flow principal element that the safety guarantee technology uses be himself technology improve and how appropriate on the problem that exists.The mobile safety guarantee technology of deep water is a crucial subject in the national economy, still has many basic rules and mechanism not really clear so far, and the solution of many engineering technology problems awaits going deep into of this subject research work.
In the marine oil and gas exploitation, when the mixed transporting tube line in seabed arrives ocean platform, need be connected with asending pipe.Under lower gas-liquid flow velocity, special harmful flow pattern of serious slug flow can appear being called in the system that collection is defeated and riser culverts is formed.This flow pattern brings many problems for design and production, the big ups and downs of system pressure and the long liquid plug of appearance can cause separator control difficulty, even interruption is produced in appearance, the serious slug flow phenomenon can produce very high back pressure in the oil field, deep-sea simultaneously, oil reservoir is caused adverse effect, even dried-up well occurs.Therefore, deeply systematically studying the genesis mechanism and the flow performance of serious slug flow, explore the feasible method of eliminating serious slug flow, is the key scientific problems that China's marine oil and gas industry moves towards to be badly in need of in the deep water oilfield development process solution.
Crude oil that China produces is waxy crude oil more than 80%, carry waxy crude oil often to adopt heating means to improve the flowability of crude oil.In oil extraction and pipe conveying procedure, because the variation of environmental conditionss such as pressure, temperature, the wax in the crude oil, asphalitine and colloid can be deposited on the tube wall, and the transporting resistance of crude oil is increased.Economical operation has certain influence to the wax deposition layer to pipeline, when serious in addition can cause run affairs with fixed attention so, cause very big potential safety hazard to line transportation.For addressing the above problem, need are predicted the oil transport pipeline wax deposition and are prevented, and explore the rule of oil transport pipeline wax deposition, so that take active and effective preventive measure, guarantee the normal operation of oil transport pipeline.
Gas hydrates are the clathrates that form under uniform temperature and pressure condition.Gas hydrate in the pipeline can block pipeline, influences the normal conveying of petroleum gas, also may cause damage to submarine pipeline and connection set, even cause a large amount of economic losses and casualties.Therefore, the generation of gas hydrate is the difficult problem that gas industry circle must solve in gas production, processing and transportation process.
Urgency at the research of the mobile safety technique experiment of present deep water loop, first-class testing apparatus is being built aspect the technical research of deep water hydrocarbon water mixed delivery in Europe, France, Britain, Norway all are provided with the polyphase fluid experimental loop that certain scale and technical merit rank lance before the world, initiated several deep water hydrocarbon water mixed delivery technical research projects in succession, carried out number of research projects at aspects such as slug flow simulation, wax deposit research, hydrate braking measure, multiphase pipe flow pressure drop calculating, multiphase mixing transmission pump, multi-phase flowmeters.In the hope of being applied to engineering reality, improve the stability of the mobile safe transport of deep water.But the deficiency that present existing multi-phase pipeline loop experimental setup exists mainly is:
(1) function singleness of laboratory loop can not be simulated the mobile problem various working that ensures safety of deep water;
(2) present laboratory loop mainly concentrates on middle low-pressure system research, the discontented firmly actual conditions of deep water high pressure low temperature;
(3) at present China to carry out the deep water safety guarantee Study on Technology that flows not deep enough, relevant multi-phase mixed delivering loop design scale and test method all have a long way to go with the operating mode of deep water reality, its experimental result is difficult to be generalized to the application of deep water engineering.
Therefore design a cover and can simulate the multifunctional oil gas water mixed delivery loop experimental setup of deep water actual conditions, can to deep water flow the safety guarantee problem for example many-sided technical fields such as slug flow, wax deposit, hydrate formation carry out simulation, for the deep water safety guarantee technology that flows lays the foundation in the application and the popularization of case history.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of multifunctional oil gas water mixed delivery experimental setup that possesses, can simulate the actual working conditions in the deep water engineering-environment, be suitable for studying the simulation of deep water slug flow, low temperature wax deposit, stopping transportation simultaneously and restart, different deep water such as the hydrate formation complete research systems such as the experimental research of safety guarantee technology and engineering popularization that flow.
A kind of simulation deep water hydrocarbon water mixed delivery experimental setup provided by the invention comprises that slug catcher, three phases separator, oil storage tank, water storage tank, oil gas water three phase mixer, a stage compressor, two stage compressor, gas hydrates generate simulator and chuck tubular type heat-exchanger rig; Be equipped with heater on described oil storage tank and the water storage tank; Described oil storage tank and water storage tank are connected with described three phases separator by horizontal pipeline I and horizontal pipeline II respectively, are respectively equipped with oil transfer pump and water transport pump on described horizontal pipeline I and the horizontal pipeline II; The oil outlet of described three phases separator, water outlet and air outlet link to each other with described oil gas water three phase mixer with pipeline c by pipeline a, pipeline b respectively, are respectively equipped with oil transfer pump, water transport pump and a stage compressor on described pipeline a, pipeline b and the pipeline c; A described stage compressor links to each other with described two stage compressor by pipeline d; Described two stage compressor generates simulator with described gas hydrates and links to each other; The outlet of described oil gas water three phase mixer links to each other with the pipeline e of inclination, and the other end of described pipeline e links to each other with the entry end of standpipe; Described pipeline e is provided with visual windows; The outlet end of described standpipe links to each other with described slug catcher; Described chuck tubular type heat-exchanger rig is parallel on the described pipeline e, and described chuck tubular type heat-exchanger rig comprises the bushing type pipeline that several are in parallel, and the interior pipe size of described several bushing type pipelines is all unequal; The outlet of refrigeration agent storage tank all links to each other with the outer tube of described bushing type pipeline with inlet, and circulation feeds refrigeration agent in the outer tube of described bushing type pipeline; The ingress of described standpipe is provided with horizontal pipeline III, and the other end of described horizontal pipeline III links to each other with described three phases separator; The liquid outlet of described slug catcher links to each other with described three phases separator, and the air outlet of described slug catcher links to each other with described pipeline c.
In the above-mentioned experimental setup, described slug catcher can be gas-liquid two-phase separator.
In the above-mentioned experimental setup, described oil storage tank is connected with described pipeline a, and described water storage is irritated and is connected with described pipeline b.
In the above-mentioned experimental setup, described gas hydrates generate simulator and can be the throttling dropping equipment, and described throttling dropping equipment can be throttle valve, regulates and control the generation of gas hydrates by the mode of step-down.
In the above-mentioned experimental setup, described gas hydrates generate simulator and can be rock gas/refrigerant heat exchanger; Described refrigeration agent storage tank circulates in described rock gas/refrigerant heat exchanger and feeds described refrigeration agent, by the generation of temperature reduction way regulation and control gas hydrates.
In the above-mentioned experimental setup, the detection of described gas hydrates can be adopted optically detecting, pressure differential detection, temperature detection.Optically detecting requires that transparent form is arranged, pressure differential detection can by filter pressure reduction change and realize that temperature detection can be undertaken by sensor.After the stable formation of described gas hydrates, can eliminate by dual mode, one is to use the chemical agent system, injects described hydrate inhibitor for natural gas, notes the relation that injection amount and hydrate form; The 2nd, the electric-heating belt heating by module-external improves temperature to eliminate described gas hydrates.
In the above-mentioned experimental setup, crude oil in the interior pipe of the described endways bushing type pipeline wax deposition of lowering the temperature gradually, can measure the thickness of wax deposition by γShe Xian and FBRM probo (focused beam reflectance test probe), detect the temperature of different depth by the different temperature transmitter of insertion depth, thereby analyze different temperature fields the influence of wax deposition and the Regular of Wax Deposition of oil product.
In the above-mentioned experimental setup, the two ends of described chuck tubular type heat-exchanger rig are respectively equipped with service tube and ball collecting chamber, are used to remove wax deposition; Occur under the serious situation about stopping up, described bushing type pipeline can be dismantled to remove wax deposition
In the above-mentioned experimental setup, described pipeline e tilt angle with respect to the horizontal plane is 0 °-45 °, so that produce serious slug in described standpipe; Can carry out flow pattern research by inclination angle and the gas liquid ratio that changes described pipeline e, and then obtain popular established practice rule of slug and slug amount.
In the above-mentioned experimental setup, described bushing type pipeline can be 3.
In the above-mentioned experimental setup, described refrigeration agent can be ethylene glycol; Described refrigeration agent storage tank can link to each other with refrigerator, to continue to provide described refrigeration agent.
The invention reside in provides a kind of mobile safety guarantee mixed transportation of oil and gas experimental setup of multi-functional deep water that possesses, can simulate deep water engineering-environment (fed sheet of a media pressure height, the pipeline ambient temperature is low) in actual working conditions, being suitable for studying the simulation of deep water slug flow, low temperature wax deposit, stopping transportation simultaneously restarts, complete research systems such as the experimental research of the mobile safety guarantee technology of different deep water such as hydrate formation and engineering popularization have been filled up domestic blank.Meanwhile, reduce the repeated construction of loop, further improve the Comprehensive Experiment researching value of loop.The mobile safety guarantee mixed transportation of oil and gas experiment of multi-functional deep water loop has been established experimental study and testing property basis for the exploitation of deep water hydrocarbon field, for the testing property of key equipment and production domesticization provide may, correlative study will improve China and develop South Sea deep water hydrocarbon resource capability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of mixed transportation of oil and gas experimental setup of the present invention.
Each mark is as follows among the figure: 1 gas-liquid two-phase separator, 2 three phases separators, 3 oil storages are irritated, 4 oil storage tank heaters, 5 low pressure oil transfer pumps, 6 water storage tank heaters, 7 low-pressure water delivery pumps, 8 water storage tanks, 9 ball collecting chambers, 10 oil transfer pumps, 11 water transport pumps, 12 1 stage compressors, 13 oil gas water three phase mixers, 14 service tubes, 15 two stage compressors, 16 bushing type pipelines, 17 rock gases/ethylene glycol heat exchanger, 18 refrigerators, 19 cold ethylene glycol storage tanks, 20 cold eg pumps, 21 throttle valve, 22 pipeline a, 23 pipeline b, 24 pipeline c, 25 pipeline d, 26 pipeline e, 27 horizontal pipeline I, 28 horizontal pipeline II, 29 horizontal pipeline III, 30 standpipes.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to following examples.
Mixed transportation of oil and gas experimental setup of the present invention comprises that gas-liquid two-phase separator 1, three phases separator 2, oil storage tank 3, water storage tank 8, oil gas water three phase mixer 13, a stage compressor 12, two stage compressor 15, gas hydrates generate simulator and chuck tubular type heat-exchanger rig; Oil storage tank 3 and water storage tank 8 are respectively equipped with oil storage tank heater 4 and water storage tank heater 6; Oil storage tank 3 and water storage tank 8 are connected with three phases separator 2 by horizontal pipeline I 27 and horizontal pipeline II 28 respectively, are respectively equipped with low pressure oil transfer pump 5 and low-pressure water delivery pump 11 on horizontal pipeline I 27 and the horizontal pipeline II 28; The oil outlet of three phases separator 2, water outlet and air outlet link to each other with oil gas water three phase mixer 13 with pipeline c24 by pipeline a22, pipeline b23 respectively, are respectively equipped with oil transfer pump 10, water transport pump 11 and a stage compressor 12 on pipeline a22, pipeline b23 and the pipeline c24; Oil storage tank 3 is connected with pipeline a22, and water storage tank 8 is connected with pipeline b23; One stage compressor 12 links to each other with two stage compressor 15 by pipeline d25; It is throttle valve 21 that gas hydrates generate simulator; Two stage compressor 15 links to each other with throttle valve 21, regulates and control the generation of gas hydrates by step-down; Gas hydrates detect can adopt optically detecting, pressure differential detection or temperature detection; After the stable formation of gas hydrates, can eliminate by dual mode, one is to use the chemical agent system, injects hydrate inhibitor, notes the relation that injection amount and hydrate form; The 2nd, by the electric-heating belt heating of module-external, improve temperature to eliminate hydrate; The outlet of oil gas water three phase mixer 13 links to each other with the pipeline e26 of adjustable inclination, and the tilt angle of pipeline e26 and horizontal plane is 30 °, and the other end of pipeline e26 links to each other with the entry end of standpipe 30; Pipeline e26 is provided with the visual windows (not shown), is used to observe the variation of flow pattern; The outlet end of standpipe 30 links to each other with gas-liquid two-phase separator 1; Chuck tubular type heat-exchanger rig is parallel on the pipeline e26, this chuck tubular type heat-exchanger rig comprises the bushing type pipeline 16 of 3 parallel connections, the interior pipe size of 3 bushing type pipelines 16 is all unequal, be used for the wax deposition test, can measure the thickness of wax deposition by γShe Xian and FBRM probo (focused beam reflectance test probe), detect the temperature of different depth by the different temperature transmitter of insertion depth, thereby analyze different temperature fields the influence of wax deposition and the Regular of Wax Deposition of oil product; The outlet of cold ethylene glycol storage tank 19 all links to each other with the outer tube of bushing type pipeline 16 with inlet, and circulate in the outer tube of bushing type pipeline 16 by cold eg pump 20 and to feed refrigeration ethylene glycol, cold ethylene glycol storage tank 19 links to each other with refrigerator 18, is used for ethylene glycol is carried out circularly cooling; The entry end of bushing type pipeline 16 and outlet end are respectively equipped with service tube 14 and ball collecting chamber 9, are used to remove the wax deposit in the pipeline; The ingress of standpipe 30 is provided with horizontal pipeline III29, and the other end of horizontal pipeline III29 links to each other with three phases separator 2; The liquid outlet of gas-liquid two-phase separator 1 links to each other with three phases separator 2, and the air outlet of gas-liquid two-phase separator 1 links to each other with pipeline c24; Be equipped with the stop valve (not shown) on pipeline a22, pipeline b23, pipeline c24, pipeline d25, pipeline e26, horizontal pipeline I 27, horizontal pipeline II28, horizontal pipeline III29 and the standpipe 30; Be equipped with the flowmeter (not shown) on pipeline a22, pipeline b23 and the pipeline c24.
In the above-mentioned mixed transportation of oil and gas experimental setup, gas hydrates generate simulator and also can be rock gas/ethylene glycol heat exchanger 17, and by refrigerator 18 and cold ethylene glycol storage tank 19 to wherein cycling through cold ethylene glycol, with the generation of temperature reduction way regulation and control gas hydrates; (but not being 0 °) can be regulated in pipeline e tilt angle with respect to the horizontal plane in 0 °-45 °; The number of bushing type pipeline 16 can be regulated according to actual needs.
Claims (9)
1. mixed transportation of oil and gas experimental setup is characterized in that: this experimental setup comprises that slug catcher, three phases separator, oil storage tank, water storage tank, oil gas water three phase mixer, a stage compressor, two stage compressor, gas hydrates generate simulator and chuck tubular type heat-exchanger rig; Be equipped with heater on described oil storage tank and the water storage tank; Described oil storage tank and water storage tank are connected with described three phases separator by horizontal pipeline I and horizontal pipeline II respectively, are respectively equipped with oil transfer pump and water transport pump on described horizontal pipeline I and the horizontal pipeline II; The oil outlet of described three phases separator, water outlet and air outlet link to each other with described oil gas water three phase mixer with pipeline c by pipeline a, pipeline b respectively, are respectively equipped with oil transfer pump, water transport pump and a stage compressor on described pipeline a, pipeline b and the pipeline c; A described stage compressor links to each other with described two stage compressor by pipeline d; Described two stage compressor generates simulator with described gas hydrates and links to each other; The outlet of described oil gas water three phase mixer links to each other with the pipeline e of inclination, and the other end of described pipeline e links to each other with the entry end of standpipe; Described pipeline e is provided with visual windows; The outlet end of described standpipe links to each other with described slug catcher; Described chuck tubular type heat-exchanger rig is parallel on the described pipeline e, and described chuck tubular type heat-exchanger rig comprises the bushing type pipeline that several are in parallel, and the interior pipe size of described several bushing type pipelines is all unequal; The outlet of refrigeration agent storage tank all links to each other with the outer tube of described bushing type pipeline with inlet, and circulation feeds refrigeration agent in the outer tube of described bushing type pipeline; The ingress of described standpipe is provided with horizontal pipeline III, and the other end of described horizontal pipeline III links to each other with described three phases separator; The liquid outlet of described slug catcher links to each other with described three phases separator, and the air outlet of described slug catcher links to each other with described pipeline c.
2. experimental setup according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described slug catcher is a gas-liquid two-phase separator.
3. experimental setup according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described oil storage tank is connected with described pipeline a, and described water storage is irritated and is connected with described pipeline b.
4. according to arbitrary described experimental setup among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: it is the throttling dropping equipment that described gas hydrates generate simulator.
5. experimental setup according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described throttling dropping equipment is a throttle valve.
6. according to arbitrary described experimental setup among the claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: it is rock gas/refrigerant heat exchanger that described gas hydrates generate simulator.
7. according to arbitrary described experimental setup among the claim 1-6, it is characterized in that: the entry end of described bushing type pipeline and outlet end are respectively equipped with service tube and ball collecting chamber; Described pipeline e tilt angle with respect to the horizontal plane is 0 °-45 °.
8. according to arbitrary described experimental setup among the claim 1-7, it is characterized in that: described bushing type pipeline is 3.
9. according to arbitrary described experimental setup among the claim 1-8, it is characterized in that: described refrigeration agent is an ethylene glycol; Described refrigeration agent storage tank links to each other with refrigerator.
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