Background technique
In the past, this ball-joint had: ball bowl cylindraceous (socket); Ball seat (ball seat), this ball seat is assembled in the inside of this ball bowl; Ball stud, this ball stud have bulb and pin portion, and this bulb remains in ball seat in the mode that can rotate, and this pin portion is outstanding from this bulb; And dust-proof cover (dustcover), this dust-proof cover is across assembling between ball bowl and the ball stud.The pin portion of ball stud projects to the outside of ball bowl, in this pin portion, side is formed with and is anchored on the screw section that is mounted parts endways, and is formed with lip part in the position of the terminal side of this screw section, and this lip part constitutes and is mounted the fastening fastening seat surface of parts.
Manufacture method as this ball-joint, for example known have a following method: the ball stud that the bulb is held in ball seat inserts the ball bowl from the relatively large side's of a distolateral radial dimension that is formed at the ball bowl opening portion, make the pin portion side of this ball stud run through opening portion by the less relatively the opposing party of another the distolateral radial dimension that is formed at the ball bowl, and utilize nest plug (plug) to seal a side opening portion, thus with ball stud with ball seat be fixed up (for example, with reference to patent documentation 1).
In addition, other manufacture method as aforesaid ball-joint, for example it is also known for following method: the ball stud that the bulb is held in ball seat is pressed into the ball bowl of round-ended cylinder shape from opening portion, and the peripheral portion of the opening portion of ball bowl carried out calking and make its distortion, thereby with ball stud with ball seat be fixed up (for example, with reference to patent documentation 2).
Patent documentation 1: TOHKEMY 2004-36700 communique (the 4th page, Fig. 2)
Patent documentation 2: TOHKEMY 2006-312948 communique (the 7th page, Fig. 1)
But, particularly for example under with the situation of ball-joint as stabilizer connecting rod (promptly connecting the suspension arm of draft hitch (suspension arrangement) of vehicle such as automobile and the connection set of stabilizer) etc., in order to ensure fastening seat surface (fastening force), require to increase the radial dimension of lip part.
In this case, in the manufacture method of the ball-joint that above-mentioned patent documentation 1 is put down in writing, owing to will make lip part run through opening portion, so have size more than the radial dimension of the opening portion that the radial dimension of lip part can't be set at the ball bowl etc., the radial dimension of lip part is produced the problem of restriction by the ball bowl.
At this point, also considered to utilize subsequent handling that lip part is welded in the method for pin portion, but also needed the formation operation of lip part in this case in addition, thereby productivity descends.
And, in the manufacture method of the ball-joint that above-mentioned patent documentation 2 is put down in writing, because the radial dimension of the radial dimension of lip part and the opening portion of ball bowl does not have direct relation, so can more freely set the radial dimension of lip part, but make its distortion, so thereby exist because the problem that the influence of the distortion of ball seat etc. causes the radial dimension of opening portion of the ball bowl behind the calking or the torque instability of ball-joint etc. that quality is descended owing to directly the opening portion of ball bowl being carried out calking.
Summary of the invention
The present invention finishes in view of this problem points, and its purpose is to provide a kind of can freely set the radial dimension of lip part, productivity is descended and can guarantee the manufacture method of the ball-joint of quality.
The manufacture method of the ball-joint of putting down in writing for first aspect, this ball-joint has: the ball bowl, this ball bowl has packaged unit and ball bowl main body cylindraceous, described ball bowl main body at one end side has a side opening portion and at another distolateral opening portion with the opposing party bigger than a described side's opening portion, described packaged unit seals described the opposing party's of described ball bowl main body opening portion; And ball stud, this ball stud has the pin portion of spherical bulb and axle shape, described bulb remains in the inside of the described ball bowl main body of described ball bowl in the mode that can rotate, the radial dimension in described bulb is littler than the radial dimension of described the opposing party's opening portion, and the radial dimension than a described side's opening portion is big, described pin portion has lip part, and described pin portion is outstanding to be arranged at described bulb, and described pin portion projects to a described side's of described ball bowl main body the outside of opening portion side, the manufacture method of described ball-joint has following operation: insert operation, insert in the operation at this, described bulb is inserted into the inside of this ball bowl main body from described the opposing party's of described ball bowl main body opening portion; And welding process, in this welding process, described pin portion is connected to the described bulb of the inside that is inserted in described ball bowl main body from a described side's of described ball bowl main body opening portion face down bonding.
The manufacture method of the ball-joint of putting down in writing for second aspect, in the manufacture method of the ball-joint that first aspect is put down in writing, in welding process, make the part in the bulb of the inside that is inserted in ball bowl main body project to the outside from a side's of described ball bowl main body opening portion, in this outstanding position, pin portion is connected to described bulb from a described side's of described ball bowl main body opening portion face down bonding.
The manufacture method of the ball-joint of putting down in writing for the third aspect, in the manufacture method of the ball-joint that first aspect or second aspect are put down in writing, bulb and pin portion are formed by the material that differs from one another.
The manufacture method of the ball-joint of putting down in writing according to first aspect, the bulb is inserted into the inside of this ball bowl main body from the opposing party's of ball bowl main body opening portion, and the pin portion that will be formed with protuberance is connected to this bulb from a side's of ball bowl main body opening portion face down bonding, need not thus lip part is inserted each opening portion, be not subjected to the constraint of the radial dimension etc. of each opening portion so can freely set the radial dimension of lip part, owing to do not need to carry out lip part is assembled in addition the operation of pin portion, so productivity is descended, and, make its distortion owing to not needing that a side's of ball bowl main body opening portion side is carried out calking, so can make a side the radial dimension of opening portion and torque stabilization etc., can guarantee quality.
The manufacture method of the ball-joint of putting down in writing according to second aspect, on the basis of the effect of the manufacture method of the ball-joint that first aspect is put down in writing, a part that makes the bulb that is inserted in ball bowl body interior projects to the outside from a side's of ball bowl main body opening portion, and pin portion is connected to the bulb from a side's of ball bowl main body opening portion face down bonding in this outstanding position, thus, even if when welding the time, produced under the situation of splash, this splash also can not be attached to the inside of ball bowl main body, can guarantee the quality of ball bowl, and do not need to be used to remove the operation of splash of being attached to ball bowl main body etc. yet, can further boost productivity.
The manufacture method of the ball-joint of putting down in writing according to the third aspect, on the basis of the effect of the manufacture method of the ball-joint that first aspect or second aspect are put down in writing, bulb and pin portion are formed by the material that differs from one another, can use the material that is suitable for separately to bulb and pin portion thus, the characteristic of ball-joint can be improved, and cost degradation can be realized.
Embodiment
Below, the structure that sees figures.1.and.2 to an embodiment of the invention describes.
In Fig. 2, label 11 expression ball-joints, this ball-joint 11 for example is the parts as stabilizer connecting rod etc., and described stabilizer connecting rod is to connect the suspension arm (being mounted parts) of draft hitch (suspension arrangement) of vehicle such as automobile and the connection set of stabilizer (being mounted parts).
And then ball-joint 11 has: as the ball bowl 16 of housing; Be accommodated in the ball seat 17 as bearing support of the inside of this ball bowl 16; Ball stud 18, the part of this ball stud 18 remains in this ball seat 17 in the mode of can slide (rotation); And as the dust-proof cover 19 of dust proof member, this dust-proof cover 19 is configured to the outer circumferential face of ball stud 18 always from the outer circumferential face of ball bowl 16.
Ball bowl 16 has: the ball bowl main body of being made by metal etc. 21 cylindraceous; And the discoideus nest plug of making by metal etc. 22 that is fixed in this ball bowl main body 21 integratedly as packaged unit.
Ball bowl main body 21 has the inner room 24 that is used to take in ball seat 17 in inside, and, this ball bowl main body 21 at one end portion's (being the upper end portion in Fig. 2) has the first ball bowl opening portion 25, this first ball bowl opening portion 25 is the little openings that are communicated with this inner room 24 and conduct one side's of the outside of ball bowl main body 21 opening portion, further, (in Fig. 2 for underpart) has the second ball bowl opening portion 26 to this ball bowl main body 21 in the other end, and this second ball bowl opening portion 26 is the big openings as the opposing party's opening portion that are communicated with the outside of inner room 24 and ball bowl main body 21.And, this ball bowl main body 21 at one end the outer circumferential face of side (in Fig. 2 for upper end side) along the cover fixed groove 28 that circumferentially is formed with the end that is used for fixing dust-proof cover 19.Further, the joint that this ball bowl main body 21 is connected with the first ball bowl opening portion 25 at inner room 24 is formed with to the outstanding protuberance 31 of central axis direction, and is stepwise formed the holding part 32 that is useful on maintenance nest plug 22 at the joint that inner room 24 is connected with the second ball bowl opening portion 26.And then, the ratio holding part 32 of ball bowl main body 21 more leans on the part of another distolateral (being lower end side in Fig. 2) by being out of shape by calking, thereby form calking fixing part 33, this calking fixing part 33 is to be used for by fixing nest plug 22 and ball seat 17 and ball stud 18 to be fixed in the fixing part of ball bowl 16.In addition, ball bowl main body 21 is for example by formation such as (cold) forging or castings.
The first ball bowl opening portion 25 forms the shape that diameter enlarges towards one distolateral (being upper end side among Fig. 2) gradually from protuberance 31 sides, and the radial dimension of this protuberance 31 is set at D1.
The second ball bowl opening portion 26 has the radial dimension radial dimension about equally with inner room 24, and the radial dimension D2 of this second ball bowl opening portion 26 sets greatlyyer than the radial dimension D1 of the first ball bowl opening portion 25.
Cover fixed groove 28 is formed at the position in the outside of the first ball bowl opening portion 25.
And nest plug 22 is fixed by calking fixing part 33 calkings under the state that peripheral portion is kept by holding part 32, seals another distolateral (being lower end side in Fig. 2) of inner room 24, the i.e. second ball bowl opening portion 26 thus.
The synthetic resin that ball seat 17 is for example good by wear resistance, Young's modulus is big etc. is made, and forms inside cylindric of the inner room 24 that can be flush-mounted in ball bowl main body 21.Promptly, this ball seat 17 has the slip surface 35 of spherical shape in inside, and at one end portion's (being the upper end portion in Fig. 2) has the first ball seat opening portion 36, this first ball seat opening portion 36 be with slip surface 35 continuously and the ball seat opening portion that is communicated with the first ball bowl opening portion, the 25 coaxial shape ground of ball bowl main body 21 as a side of ball seat pass through openings portion, further, (in Fig. 2 for underpart) has the second ball seat opening portion 37 to this ball seat 17 in the other end, this second ball seat opening portion 37 be with slip surface 35 continuously and the ball seat opening portion that is communicated with the second ball bowl opening portion, the 26 coaxial shape ground of ball bowl main body 21 as the opposing party of ball seat open communication portion.And then this ball seat 17 is maintained between the protuberance 31 and nest plug 22 of ball bowl main body 21.In addition, ball seat 17 both can be formed by parts, and for example a plurality of parts of forming such as the synthetic resin that also can be differed from one another by characteristic by combination constitute.
Ball stud 18 has integratedly: spherical bulb 41; And the pin portion 42 of the axle shape that is connected with this bulb 41.
Bulb 41 is for example made by metals such as high carbon steel, and a part of outer circumferential face that comprises equator (maximum diameter position) in this bulb 41 remains in the slip surface 35 of ball seat 17 in the mode of can slide (rotation).That is, bulb 41 is incorporated in the inner room 24 of ball bowl 16 with ball seat 17.And, the outside dimension in the equator in bulb 41, promptly the radial dimension D3 as the maximum outside diameter size forms: with the maximum inner diameter size of the slip surface 35 of ball seat 17 about equally, and bigger, and than the little (D2>D3>D1) of the radial dimension D2 of the second ball bowl opening portion 26 than the radial dimension D1 of the first ball bowl opening portion 25.Further, though and not shown, between the slip surface 35 of the outer circumferential face in this bulb 41 and ball seat 17, for example maintain oiling agent (lubricating grease).
Pin portion 42 is for example by low carbon steel, promptly utilize the metal that is formed by the material different with bulb 41 to make, and this pin portion 42 has: columned pin portion main body 45; And the outstanding discoideus lip part 46 that is arranged at these pin portion main body 45 peripheries.And then this pin portion 42 projects to the outside (above being) of ball bowl 16 in Fig. 2.
Pin portion main body 45 has integratedly: columned main part 47, and this main part 47 constitutes as a distolateral end side (being upper end side in Fig. 2); Keeping protuberance 48, this maintenances protuberance 48 to be formed at another of this main part 47 distolateral is terminal side (being lower end side in Fig. 2), and radial dimension is bigger than the radial dimension of main part 47; And base end part 49, the diameter of this base end part 49 dwindles to another distolateral (being lower end side among Fig. 2) gradually from this maintenance protuberance 48.
Outer circumferential face at main part 47 is formed with screw section 51, and this screw section 51 is that fastening (screwing togather) is fixed in the fixing part as the engagement portion that is mounted parts.
Keep protuberance 48 to be positioned at than lip part 46 near another distolateral (base end part 49 sides) and the position left with lip part 46.Therefore, keep between protuberance 48 and the lip part 46, be formed with fixedly slot part 53 in the form of a ring at the outer circumferential face of pin portion main body 45 at this, this fixedly slot part 53 be used to install and the fixing end of dust-proof cover 19.
Base end part 49 for example the center by projection welding and bulb 41, be that the centre of sphere is roughly soldered coaxially, thereby be connected with this bulb 41.Therefore, pin portion main body 45 (pin portion 42) axially under no load state along the central shaft of ball bowl main body 21 (ball bowl 16), and from the equator quadrature (intersect) of top view with bulb 41.
And, lip part 46 for example is positioned at the position of the close terminal side (near base end part 49) of pin portion main body 45, when screw section 51 fastening (screwing togather) being fixed in when being mounted parts, an interarea 46a (being upper surface in Fig. 2) side of 51 sides towards the screw section of lip part 46 becomes with this and is mounted the fastening fastening seat surface of parts.And then this lip part 46 for example forms with pin portion main body 45 coaxial, and the radial dimension D4 of outer circumferential face 46b sets greatlyyer than the radial dimension D3 in bulb 41.
And dust-proof cover 19 is also referred to as dust seal or dirt-proof boot (boots) etc., and this dust-proof cover 19 for example forms the cylindric of flat (radial dimension is bigger than axial dimension) by soft rubber or soft synthetic resin etc.One distolateral (being upper end side in Fig. 2) of this dust-proof cover 19 is mounted fixingly to be crimped on fixedly the mode of slot part 53 along central axis direction, and another of this dust-proof cover 19 distolateral (being lower end side in Fig. 2) is mounted on the cover fixed groove 28 of ball bowl 16.Further, be formed with pressure contact portion 55 in that one distolateral (being upper end side in Fig. 2) of this dust-proof cover 19 is outstanding, this pressure contact portion 55 is crimped on the outer circumferential face 46b of lip part 46.Therefore, even if ball stud 18 these dust-proof cover 19 of swing also cover the first ball bowl opening portion 25 (the first ball seat opening portion 36 of ball seat 1 7) of ball bowl 16, thereby prevention dust etc. enter the inside of ball bowl 16 or ball seat 17.
Below, the manufacture method of the ball-joint 11 of an above-mentioned mode of execution is described.
At first, shown in (a) figure of Fig. 1, the inside (inner room 24) (insertion operation) of spherical bulb 41 from the second ball bowl opening portion, the 26 sides insertion ball bowl main body 21 of the ball bowl main body 21 that forms by forge or casting etc. in advance will be configured as in advance.
Then, shown in (b) figure of Fig. 1, make the part (being the upper end portion in the drawings) in the bulb 41 of the inside that is inserted in this ball bowl main body 21 outstanding to lean out from the first ball bowl opening portion 25 to the mode of outside (being the top in the drawings).At this moment, ball bowl main body 21 and bulb 41 are kept by not shown holding members such as anchor clamps respectively, keep discontiguous each other state thus, and a part (in the drawings for top) of keeping bulb 41 projects to outside state from the first ball bowl opening portion 25.And then, shown in (c) figure of Fig. 1, in this outstanding position, the base end part 49 of pin portion main body 45 that utilizes for example projection welding (projection welding) will form the pin portion 42 of lip part 46 is connected to bulb 41 (welding process) from the first ball bowl opening portion, 25 face down bondings.This welding position is the position of also leaning on the outer side of ball bowl main body 21 than the first ball bowl opening portion 25.
After this, to utilize slip surface 35 that bulb 41 is held in the inside (inner room 24) that ball seat 17 that the mode that can slide will be shaped in advance is assembled in ball bowl main body 21, and the nest plug 22 that will be shaped in advance is installed on holding part 32, carry out calking and make this calking fixing part 33 distortion towards the calking fixing part 33 of central side then ball bowl main body 21, the ball seat 17 that will maintain bulb 41 is thus taken in the inside that remains in ball bowl 16 with bulb 41, the dust-proof cover 19 that will be shaped in advance then is assembled between ball bowl 16 (ball bowl main body 21) and the ball stud 18 (pin portion 42), thereby finishes ball-joint 11 (assembling procedure).
As mentioned above, in an above-mentioned mode of execution, constitute following structure: with the inside of bulb 41 from the second ball bowl opening portion, 26 these ball bowl main bodys 21 of insertion of ball bowl main body 21, and the terminal side (another is distolateral) of pin portion 42 is connected to bulb 41 from the first ball bowl opening portion, 25 face down bondings of ball bowl main body 21, above-mentioned pin portion 42 side (is distolateral) endways is formed with lip part 46.
Therefore, because the lip part 46 of pin portion 42 does not run through each opening portion 25,26 by (insertion) ball bowl main body 21, be not subjected to the constraint of the radial dimension etc. of each opening portion 25,26 so can freely set the radial dimension of lip part 46.That is, for example the radial dimension D4 of lip part 46 can be set bigger than the radial dimension D3 in bulb 41.
And, owing to after this do not need to carry out lip part 46 is assembled in addition the operation of pin portion 42, so productivity is reduced, and, make its distortion owing to not needing that the first ball bowl opening portion, 25 sides of ball bowl main body 21 are carried out calking, so can make the radial dimension of the first ball bowl opening portion 25 and the torque stabilization of ball-joint 11 etc., can guarantee quality.
And, in welding process, make the part in the bulb 41 that is inserted in these ball bowl main body 21 inside project to the outside of ball bowl main body 21 from the first ball bowl opening portion 25 of ball bowl main body 21, and pin portion 42 is connected to bulb 41 from the first ball bowl opening portion, 25 face down bondings of ball bowl main body 21 in this outstanding position, thus, even if when welding the time, produced under the situation of splash, this splash can not be attached to the inside (inner room 24) of ball bowl main body 21 yet, can guarantee the quality of ball bowl 16 (ball bowl main body 21), and do not need to be used to remove the operation of splash of being attached to ball bowl main body 21 etc. yet, can further boost productivity.
Further, under the situation of the ball-joint 11 that for example is used in the stabilizer connecting rod, require sliding good.The sliding of ball-joint 11 depends on the surface roughness and the sphericity in bulb 41, wanting to have the material of hardness to a certain degree, therefore under the situation of more accurately outer circumferential face in bulb 41 being processed, as bulb 41, for example high carbon steel is suitable.On the other hand, under the situation of this ball-joint 11, the load that puts on pin portion 42 is very not big, and therefore relative with price higher high carbon steel with hardness is compared, and utilizes the relatively low low carbon steel of hardness and price just can tackle fully.Like this, the material that differs from one another by utilization forms bulb 41 and pin portion 42, can use the material that is suitable for separately to bulb 41 and pin portion 42, can improve the characteristic of ball-joint 11, and can realize cost degradation.
In addition, in an above-mentioned mode of execution, ball-joint 11 can be used in for example device of the operating the rudder arbitrary positions such as (the steering gears) of vehicle.
In addition, bulb 41 and pin portion 42 also can be made of mutually the same material, can also be any metals that is suitable for welding beyond the carbon steel for example.