CN102065934A - 具有填充装置的自动注射器 - Google Patents
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- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
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Abstract
一种注射装置包括壳体，壳体具有流体容器(114)，流体容器具有排放喷嘴(118)和能够在流体容器内运动以便将流体容器的内容物排出到排放喷嘴之外的分配活塞(114)。驱动器能够在启动时作用在流体容器上，使其从缩回位置前进到延伸位置，在缩回位置上，排放喷嘴容纳在壳体内，而在延伸位置上，排放喷嘴从壳体延伸，并且驱动器能够在启动时作用在分配活塞上以便将流体容器的内容物排出到排放喷嘴之外。连接器能够接收含有流体的药瓶(400)，并将药瓶连接到排放喷嘴。还具有使得分配活塞相对于流体容器从第一位置运动到第二位置的装置，在第一位置上，分配活塞靠近排放喷嘴位于流体容器内，而在第二位置上，分配活塞被拉动离开排放喷嘴，由此将流体从药瓶抽吸到流体容器内。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种和药瓶一起使用的注射装置。
背景技术
皮下用药物可以以容纳于药瓶中的形式提供给患者以便在家中注射。当前的方法是患者将药物从药瓶抽吸到针筒内并进行手动注射。市场正朝着执行家中注射的自动注射器发展。例如可从国际专利申请公开文献No.2006/106295得知如下自动注射器，这些自动注射器被制造和组装成包括预先填充药物的针筒，该专利申请文献通过引用结合于此。患者现在没有简便的方式将皮下用药物从药瓶输送到自动注射器内。
发明内容
本发明旨在解决所述问题。
在本发明的第一方面，提供一种注射装置，该注射装置包括：
壳体，所述壳体能够接收流体容器，所述流体容器具有排放喷嘴和能够在流体容器内运动以便将流体容器的内容物排出到排放喷嘴之外的分配活塞；
驱动器，所述驱动器能够在启动时作用在流体容器上，使流体容器从缩回位置前进到延伸位置，在缩回位置上，排放喷嘴容纳在壳体内，而在延伸位置上，排放喷嘴从壳体延伸，并且驱动器能够在启动时作用在分配活塞上以便将流体容器的内容物排出到排放喷嘴之外；
其特征在于：
连接器，所述连接器能够接收含有流体的药瓶，并将药瓶连接到排放喷嘴；以及
使得分配活塞相对于流体容器从第一位置运动到第二位置的装置，在第一位置上，分配活塞靠近排放喷嘴位于流体容器内，而在第二位置上，分配活塞被拉动离开排放喷嘴，由此将流体从药瓶抽吸到流体容器内。
设置使得分配活塞相对于流体容器运动的装置使得注射装置内的针筒从标准药瓶填充，这大大有助于在家中使用用于容纳在药瓶内的药物的注射装置。
在本发明的一种实施方式中，注射装置包括具有驱动器和分配活塞的驱动子组件以及具有连接器和流体容器的分配子组件，
其中分配活塞连接到驱动器；
其中驱动子组件和分配子组件能够相对彼此滑动；
其中驱动子组件和分配子组件被布置成在驱动子组件和分配子组件被从彼此拉动离开时，分配活塞从其第一位置运动到其第二位置，由此将流体从药瓶输送到流体容器内。
优选地，分配子组件能够部分地在驱动子组件内滑动。
优选地，分配子组件和驱动子组件能够相对彼此从解锁位置转动到锁定位置，在解锁位置上，分配子组件可相对于驱动子组件滑动，而在锁定位置上，分配子组件不能相对于驱动子组件滑动。为了有助于此，锁定突出部可设置在分配子组件或驱动子组件中的一个上，并且相应的凹槽设置在另一个上。
在本发明的替代实施方式中，运动装置包括位于壳体内并与分配活塞连通的滑动件。滑动件可包括从壳体伸出的可由使用者致动的运动元件。滑动件可与分配活塞磁性连通。替代地，滑动件可整体地连接到分配活塞。
接收装置可以是在注射装置上位于排放喷嘴之上的可移除盖，其中盖具有能够接收药瓶的开口端部，其中可移除盖能够使得盖从壳体的移除将药瓶与排放喷嘴脱离。可移除盖可包括开口端部之上的可移除覆盖元件，其中可移除覆盖元件能够在药瓶插入开口端部之前被移除。优选地，在可移除覆盖元件在可移除盖上就位时，可移除覆盖元件保持位于排放喷嘴之上的屏蔽件，并且在可移除覆盖元件从可移除盖移除时变得从排放喷嘴移除屏蔽件。
在将药瓶插入连接器时，排放喷嘴穿刺药瓶的封闭元件，以便在药瓶和流体容器之间形成流体路径。
优选地，流体容器是针筒，而排放喷嘴是针。
优选地，注射装置包括释放机构，释放机构能够在启动时释放驱动器以作用在分配活塞上，使得针筒运动到其延伸位置并经由排放喷嘴排出流体。
在本发明的一种实施方式中，设置缩回机构，缩回机构能够在流体容器的内容物已经排出之后将流体容器从其延伸位置运动到其缩回位置。
附图说明
下面参考附图描述本发明的一种或多种实施方式，附图中：
图1表示根据本发明一种实施方式的注射装置的子组件的透视图；
图2表示根据图1的实施方式的注射装置的组成部件的分解图；
图3a-3d表示根据图1的注射装置的侧剖视图；以及
图4a-4d表示根据本发明的替代实施方式的注射装置的侧剖视图。
具体实施方式
图1和2表示根据本发明的输送装置110，输送装置110具有带有近端110b和远端110a的输送装置壳体112。壳体112的远端110a具有套筒119的端部可以从中露出的出口开口128。
输送装置110由两个子组件组装而成，如图1所示。输送子组件210包括鼻状部分102、针筒支架150、可互换释放元件155、套筒119和弹簧126以及端盖101。鼻状部分102围绕并支承针筒支架150，并通过螺旋和扭转连接部连接到端盖101。
驱动子组件220包括壳体112和注射装置110的驱动元件和致动器，将在下面描述。在两个子组件220、210组装以形成注射装置110时，驱动子组件220能够致动通过输送子组件210保持的针筒114。在致动之后，两个子组件可被分开，并且驱动子组件220的驱动元件和致动器重新设置以便进一步使用。
壳体112能够接收传统类型的皮下注射针筒114，针筒114具有限定容器的针筒主体116，而且在一端终止于皮下注射针118并在另一端终止于凸缘120。针筒主体116具有沿着容器的长度大致恒定的直径，并且靠近针筒114的终止于皮下注射针的端部处具有显著减小的直径。驱动联接器134经由针筒114的塞子作用，以便将针筒114的内容物经过针118排出。这种驱动联接器134在针筒主体限定的容器内限制待经由柱塞104给药的药物，并且还使得药物加载到针筒114内。虽然所示的针筒114是皮下注射类型，这并不是必须的。经皮或皮肤注射以及皮下注射针筒也可以与本发明的注射装置一起使用。
如所示，针筒114在输送子组件210内容纳在针筒支架150内。针筒支架150具有针筒的针118从中伸出的近端151。复位弹簧126经由复位弹簧支承件160和针筒支架150将针筒114从延伸位置偏压到缩回位置，在延伸位置上，针118从壳体112内的开口128延伸，而在缩回位置上，针118被容纳在壳体112内。
针筒支架150包括针筒114可从远端170插入其中的护套(未示出)。针筒114在针118之上设置保护罩101a。如果针筒失效或损坏，沿其长度围绕针筒114的护套将容纳针筒的碎片，并减小碎片从注射装置110漏出的可能性。
保护罩101a保护针118，并在保护罩101a移除之前使针118密封而不受到污染。在针筒114插入输送子组件210之后，保护罩101a通过盖101保持，盖101在出口开口128之上可移除地位于壳体112上。保护罩101a通过覆盖元件101b保持在盖101内，覆盖元件101b可从盖101移除，使得保护罩101a也被移除，由此暴露端口101c，端口101c是形成在盖101的开口端部内的开口。
驱动子组件220的壳体112还包括致动器214和这里采用压缩驱动弹簧130形式的驱动器。来自驱动弹簧130的驱动经由多部件驱动器传递到针筒114的活塞，使得针筒114从其缩回位置前进到其延伸位置，并且将其内容物经由针118排出。驱动器通过直接作用在药物和针筒114上来完成此任务。驱动联接器134和针筒主体116之间的静摩擦最初确保它们一起前进，直到复位弹簧126至极限位置或者针筒主体116遇到一些其它阻止其运动的障碍物(未示出)。
驱动弹簧130和针筒114之间的多部件驱动器包括三个主要组成部件。驱动套筒131从驱动弹簧130得到驱动，并且将其传递到驱动元件132。驱动元件继而将驱动传递到已经描述的驱动联接器134。
驱动元件132包括经由锁定元件133c内部接合驱动联接器134并经由第一臂133a延伸经过驱动元件132的可由使用者致动的针筒加载元件133。在组装时，在卸载位置，驱动联接器134的远端235在靠近与针118的连接部的远端处贴靠针筒114内的柱塞104。第一臂133a在其近端连接到包括可由使用者致动的突出部133d的第二臂133b。在组装时，可由使用者致动的突出部133d经由细槽190延伸到壳体之外。在针筒加载元件133和柱塞104通过将可由使用者致动的突出部133a向近侧滑动到靠近针筒114的开口端部114a的近侧位置而运动时，壳体112的近端上的另一细槽(未示出)使得第一臂133a和第二臂133b延伸到壳体112之外。在加载位置上，驱动元件132经由驱动元件132和驱动联接器134上的闭锁臂132a、134a而变得锁定到驱动联接器134。因此，在驱动弹簧130释放时，驱动联接器134在该时刻可与驱动元件132和驱动套筒131一起运动。在本发明的替代实施方式中，针筒加载元件133可经由第一臂133a内的孔口而直接连接到柱塞，并且驱动联接器134可位于针筒114的开口端部114a处的近侧位置。针筒加载元件133接着被致动，使得柱塞104朝着靠近针筒联接器134的针筒114的开口端部114a处的近侧位置滑动。
触发器形式的致动器214远离出口开口128地设置在壳体112上。触发器在操作时用来使得驱动套筒131从壳体112上脱开，使其在驱动弹簧130的作用下相对于壳体112运动。接着如下描述该装置的操作。防止在滑动套筒119位于其延伸到出口开口128之外的最远侧位置时通过滑动套筒119和滑动套筒锁定元件119a致动致动器214。在滑动套筒的远端贴靠组织放置或被推入出口开口时，锁定元件119a不再作用在致动器214上，并且致动器可以被致动。
致动器接着被按压，并且驱动弹簧130被释放。驱动弹簧130使得驱动套筒131运动，驱动套筒131使得驱动元件132运动，并且驱动元件132使得驱动联接器134运动。驱动联接器134运动，并且由于静摩擦力和经由待给药的药物作用的静液压力，使得针筒主体114抵抗复位弹簧126的作用运动。针筒主体114使得针筒支架150运动，针筒支架150继而使得复位弹簧支承件160运动，并且压缩复位弹簧126。皮下注射针118从壳体112的出口开口128露出。这种情况继续，直到复位弹簧126达到极限位置或者针筒主体116遇到一些阻止其运动的其它障碍物(未示出)。由于驱动联接器134和针筒主体116之间的静摩擦力以及经由待给药的药物作用的静液压力不足以抵抗驱动弹簧130产生的全部驱动力，此时驱动联接器134开始在针筒主体116内运动，并且药物开始被排出。但是，驱动联接器134和针筒主体116之间的动态摩擦力以及该时刻经由待给药的药物作用的静液压力和动态液压力足以将复位弹簧126保持在其压缩状态，使得皮下注射针118保持延伸状态。
在驱动联接器134达到其在针筒主体116内的行程端部之前，也就是在针筒的内容物完全排出之前，联接第一联接器132和驱动联接器134的柔性闭锁臂134b达到连接到针筒支架150的远端的可互换释放元件155。
可互换的释放元件155基本上是使得柔性闭锁臂132b运动到使其不再将驱动元件132连接到驱动联接器134的位置的限制部。一旦出现这种情况，驱动元件132不再作用在驱动联接器134上，使得驱动元件132相对于驱动联接器134运动。因此，驱动联接器134继续在针筒主体116内运动，并且药物继续排出。因此，复位弹簧126保持被压缩，并且皮下注射针保持延伸状态。
一段时间之后，驱动联接器134完成其在针筒主体116内的行程，并且不能进一步前进。此时，针筒114的内容物被完全排出，并且通过驱动弹簧130施加的力起作用，以便将驱动联接器134保持在其终端位置，使得驱动元件132继续其运动。
将驱动套筒131与驱动元件132联接在一起的柔性闭锁臂达到壳体112内的另一限制部。该限制部使得柔性闭锁臂运动，使其不再将驱动套筒131联接到驱动元件132。一旦出现这种情况，驱动套筒131不再作用在驱动元件132上，使得驱动套筒131和驱动元件132相对彼此运动。此时，通过驱动弹簧130形成的力不再被传递到针筒114。作用在针筒上的力将只是来自复位弹簧126的回复力，复位弹簧126经由复位弹簧支承件160和针筒支架150作用在针筒114的最靠近针118的端部上。因此，针筒返回到其缩回位置，并且完成注射循环。
图3a-3d表示注射装置110的一种实施方式以及注射装置110在注射之前从药瓶300加载流体的步骤。药瓶300具有标准尺寸，并且包括使得药瓶密封的封闭元件301。封闭元件301可以是可通过针118穿刺的柔性薄膜的形式。盖101内的端口101c的尺寸和大小被设置成在流体从药瓶抽取到针筒114的同时接收药瓶300并且使其得到支承。这个过程将如下描述。
如图3b所示，在盖101于壳体112上保持就位的同时，封闭元件101b从盖101移除。这将从针118移除保护罩101a，并打开端口101c，针118在端口中暴露。
药瓶300被首先插入端口101c的端部，即包含封闭元件301的端部。在药瓶300被插入时，针穿刺封闭元件301，并且延伸到药瓶300内，使其端部尖头位于药瓶300所含的流体内。优选地，注射装置110在该时刻应该定位成使其纵向轴线垂直延伸，而药瓶300最靠近地面定位。重力作用在药瓶300内的流体上，使其保持在药瓶的底部内，从而流体可以被抽取。
使用者现在可通过朝着注射装置110的近端滑动突出部133d来操作针筒加载元件133。这造成针筒114内的柱塞104从其卸载位置朝着针筒114的近端运动到其加载位置，并且经由针筒114内的压力降低将流体从药瓶300抽取到针筒114内。在针筒加载元件133达到其加载位置时，即位于细槽190的最为近侧的端部处，针筒114从药瓶300加载流体。药瓶300现在可通过移除盖101而从注射装置110移除，通过将滑动套筒119的远端贴靠组织放置并启动致动器214使得注射装置110准备使用。
图4a-4d表示注射装置110的替代实施方式以及注射装置110在注射之前从药瓶400加载流体的步骤。除了下面描述的差别之外，此替代实施方式的注射装置110的结构与图1和2所示的实施方式相同。如同图3a-3d的实施方式，药瓶400具有标准尺寸，并包括使得药瓶400密封的封闭元件405。封闭元件405可以是可通过针118穿刺的柔性薄膜的形式。在此替代实施方式中，输送子组件210的盖401包括覆盖元件401b和位于其远端的凸缘401d。盖401还被连接到输送子组件210的鼻状部分402，该鼻状部分能够在卸载位置和加载位置之间滑动和转动进入和离开壳体112。在其延伸的加载位置上，鼻状部分402可被转动，以便相对于壳体112将其锁定就位。在图1和2所示的实施方式中，鼻状部分402支承与针筒部分一起相对于驱动联接器134运动的针筒114，驱动联接器134在此替代实施方式中固定到驱动元件132。在此替代实施方式中，没有针筒加载元件。盖101内的端口401c的尺寸和大小被设置成在流体被从药瓶抽取到针筒114的同时接收药瓶400并且使其得到支承。这个过程将如下描述。
如图4b所示，在盖401于壳体112上保持就位的同时，封闭元件401b从盖401移除。这将从针118移除保护罩101a，并打开端口401c，针118在端口中暴露。
药瓶400被首先插入端口401c的端部，即包含封闭元件401的端部。在药瓶400被插入时，针118穿刺封闭元件401，并且延伸到药瓶400内，使其端部尖头位于药瓶400所含的流体内。优选地，注射装置110在该时刻应该定位成使其纵向轴线垂直延伸，而药瓶400最靠近地面定位。重力作用在药瓶400内的流体上，使其保持在药瓶的底部内，从而流体可以被抽取。
使用者现在可例如通过拉动凸缘401d以造成盖401和包括针筒114的鼻状部分402延伸离开驱动子组件220的远端而使得输送子组件210相对于驱动子组件220滑动。这造成针筒114内的通过驱动联接器134保持的柱塞104从其卸载位置朝着针筒114的近侧开口端部114a运动到其加载位置，并且经由针筒114内的压力降低将流体从药瓶400抽取到针筒114内。在输送子组件210从驱动子组件220完全延伸时，盖401和鼻状部分402可转动以便锁定和防止输送子组件210相对于驱动子组件220的进一步纵向运动。针筒114在该时刻已从药瓶400加载流体。药瓶400现在可通过移除盖101(例如通过进一步转动)而从注射装置110移除，通过将滑动套筒119的远端贴靠组织放置并启动致动器214使得注射装置110准备使用。
当然将理解到以上纯粹通过例子描述了本发明，并且可在本发明的范围内对细节进行调整。
Claims (15)
1.一种注射装置，包括：
壳体，所述壳体能够接收流体容器，所述流体容器具有排放喷嘴和能够在所述流体容器内运动以便将所述流体容器的内容物排出到所述排放喷嘴之外的分配活塞；
驱动器，所述驱动器能够在启动时作用在所述流体容器上，使所述流体容器从缩回位置前进到延伸位置，在所述缩回位置上，所述排放喷嘴容纳在所述壳体内，而在所述延伸位置上，所述排放喷嘴从所述壳体延伸，并且所述驱动器能够在启动时作用在所述分配活塞上以便将所述流体容器的内容物排出到所述排放喷嘴之外；
其特征在于：
连接器，所述连接器能够接收含有流体的药瓶，并将所述药瓶连接到所述排放喷嘴；以及
使得所述分配活塞相对于所述流体容器从第一位置运动到第二位置的装置，在所述第一位置上，所述分配活塞靠近所述排放喷嘴位于所述流体容器内，而在所述第二位置上，所述分配活塞被拉动离开所述排放喷嘴，由此将流体从所述药瓶抽吸到所述流体容器内。
2.根据权利要求1所述的注射装置，包括具有所述驱动器和所述分配活塞的驱动子组件以及具有所述连接器和所述流体容器的分配子组件，
所述分配活塞连接到所述驱动器，
所述驱动子组件和所述分配子组件能够相对彼此滑动，
所述驱动子组件和所述分配子组件被布置成在所述驱动子组件和所述分配子组件被从彼此拉动离开时，所述分配活塞从其第一位置运动到其第二位置，由此将流体从所述药瓶输送到所述流体容器内。
3.根据权利要求2所述的注射装置，其中所述分配子组件能够部分地在所述驱动子组件内滑动。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的注射装置，其中所述分配子组件和所述驱动子组件能够相对彼此从解锁位置转动到锁定位置，在所述解锁位置上，所述分配子组件能够相对于所述驱动子组件滑动，而在所述锁定位置上，所述分配子组件不能相对于所述驱动子组件滑动。
5.根据权利要求1所述的注射装置，其中所述运动装置包括位于所述壳体内并与所述分配活塞连通的滑动件。
6.根据权利要求5所述的注射装置，其中所述滑动件包括从所述壳体伸出的能够由使用者致动的运动元件。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述的注射装置，其中所述滑动件与所述分配活塞磁性连通。
8.根据权利要求5或6所述的注射装置，其中所述滑动件整体地连接到所述分配活塞。
9.根据上述权利要求任一项所述的注射装置，其中所述接收装置是在所述注射装置上位于所述排放喷嘴之上的可移除盖，其中所述盖具有能够接收所述药瓶的开口端部，其中所述可移除盖能够使得所述盖从所述壳体的移除将所述药瓶从所述排放喷嘴脱离。
10.根据权利要求9所述的注射装置，其中所述可移除盖包括所述开口端部之上的可移除覆盖元件，其中所述可移除覆盖元件能够在药瓶插入所述开口端部之前被移除。
11.根据权利要求10所述的注射装置，其中在所述可移除覆盖元件在所述可移除盖上就位时，所述可移除覆盖元件保持位于所述排放喷嘴之上的屏蔽件，并且在所述可移除覆盖元件从所述可移除盖移除时，所述屏蔽件被从所述排放喷嘴移除。
12.根据上述权利要求任一项所述的注射装置，其中在将所述药瓶插入所述连接器时，所述排放喷嘴穿刺所述药瓶的封闭元件，以便在所述药瓶和所述流体容器之间形成流体路径。
13.根据上述权利要求任一项所述的注射装置，其中所述流体容器是针筒，而所述排放喷嘴是针。
14.根据上述权利要求任一项所述的注射装置，包括释放机构，所述释放机构能够在启动时释放所述驱动器以作用在所述分配活塞上，使得所述针筒运动到其延伸位置并经由所述排放喷嘴排出流体。
15.根据上述权利要求任一项所述的注射装置，包括缩回机构，所述缩回机构能够在所述流体容器的内容物已经排出之后将所述流体容器从其延伸位置运动到其缩回位置。
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- 2009-06-10 CA CA2727950A patent/CA2727950C/en active Active
- 2009-06-10 US US12/997,598 patent/US8845594B2/en active Active
- 2009-06-10 ES ES09766105.2T patent/ES2687655T3/es active Active
- 2009-06-10 EP EP09766105.2A patent/EP2331170B1/en active Active
- 2009-06-10 EA EA201170049A patent/EA019609B1/ru unknown
- 2009-06-10 JP JP2011514113A patent/JP5718224B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2009-06-10 KR KR1020117001435A patent/KR101710876B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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- 2009-06-10 PL PL09766105T patent/PL2331170T3/pl unknown
- 2009-06-10 AU AU2009261719A patent/AU2009261719B2/en not_active Ceased
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Also Published As
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|---|---|
| ZA201100494B (en) | 2013-07-31 |
| JP2011524766A (ja) | 2011-09-08 |
| EP2331170B1 (en) | 2018-07-25 |
| PL2331170T3 (pl) | 2019-01-31 |
| EA201170049A1 (ru) | 2011-08-30 |
| GB0811347D0 (en) | 2008-07-30 |
| CA2727950A1 (en) | 2009-12-23 |
| AU2009261719A1 (en) | 2009-12-23 |
| US20110098647A1 (en) | 2011-04-28 |
| GB2461087A (en) | 2009-12-23 |
| EP2331170A1 (en) | 2011-06-15 |
| NO20110086A1 (no) | 2011-03-17 |
| GB2461087B (en) | 2012-09-26 |
| AU2009261719B2 (en) | 2014-03-06 |
| ES2687655T3 (es) | 2018-10-26 |
| KR101710876B1 (ko) | 2017-02-28 |
| NZ590606A (en) | 2012-06-29 |
| IL209871A0 (en) | 2011-02-28 |
| IL209871A (en) | 2014-12-31 |
| CA2727950C (en) | 2015-03-24 |
| HUE039468T2 (hu) | 2019-01-28 |
| JP5718224B2 (ja) | 2015-05-13 |
| EA019609B1 (ru) | 2014-04-30 |
| UA100746C2 (en) | 2013-01-25 |
| PT2331170T (pt) | 2018-11-06 |
| US8845594B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 |
| WO2009153544A1 (en) | 2009-12-23 |
| MX2010014015A (es) | 2011-02-15 |
| KR20110039270A (ko) | 2011-04-15 |
| BRPI0914980A2 (pt) | 2015-10-27 |
| DK2331170T3 (en) | 2018-09-24 |
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