A kind of boom system and pumping machine
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technology of viscous fluids such as a kind of pumping of concrete, particularly a kind of boom system also relates to the pumping machine with this boom system.
Background technology
Concrete mixer is current application one of concreting machinery widely.Concrete mixer generally comprises pumping installations and boom system.Pumping installations generally comprises hopper again, carries cylinder and distributing valve, and hopper is used to deposit concrete, and distributing valve can carry out the state conversion under oscillating oil cylinder drives, and forms the delivery outlet of pumping installations.Boom system comprises jib and carrier pipe, and jib comprises by more piece and be hinged and connected the joint arm that forms by being laterally hinged with axle order, and carrier pipe comprises the pipeline that more piece links to each other in proper order, and pipeline is separately fixed on the corresponding joint arm; Carrier pipe has input port and delivery outlet, and the input port communicates with the delivery outlet of distributing valve, and delivery outlet is provided with corresponding flexible pipe, so that control concrete pouring position exactly.When advancing the state conversion, distributing valve made in the predetermined very first time carries cylinder to be connected with hopper, makes in the second predetermined time and carries cylinder to be connected with the carrier pipe of boom system.Carry the piston of cylinder can under Driven by Hydraulic Cylinder, carry out stretching motion; When carrying cylinder to be connected with hopper, contract after making the piston of conveying cylinder, suck an amount of concrete, finish suction; When carrying cylinder to be connected with the carrier pipe of boom system, make and carry the piston of cylinder overhanging, the concrete mud that sucks is pressed in the carrier pipe by distributing valve, carry out stock, and concrete is applied predetermined pressure, concrete is flowed along carrier pipe; Repeatedly suction and stock can make concrete arrive the delivery outlet of carrier pipe, flow out from the carrier pipe delivery outlet, arrive predetermined concrete work position.Change the position relation between the joint arm in the jib, can change the position of jib end, make the delivery outlet of carrier pipe corresponding, make things convenient for the carrying out of concrete pouring operation with preposition.
According to the difference of concrete structure, the distributing valve of pumping installations can be skirt valve, C shape valve, slide valve or S valve.Though the specific constructive form of distributing valve exists different, but its operating principle is basic identical, both its basic function was to change by state, make pumping installations can carry out suction and stock in a predetermined manner repeatedly, and then pumping of concrete discontinuously, concrete mode with pulsation in carrier pipe is flowed, and supply with concrete with predetermined flow.
The surge that turbulent flow that the fluid that fluid is particularly pulsed forms in its flow field and cycle unsteady flow cause will cause the vibration of flow field carrier.The concrete that flows with pulse mode must produce the pulsed impact to boom system, makes boom system produce vibration.In addition, for transmission and concrete transmission is arrived far away or higher position, boom system is the elongated rod shape structure on the whole; The vibration that the boom system of elongated rod shape structure also can produce boom system is amplified, and terminal the generation very significantly of jib vibrated.The frequency that the pulsed that boom system is produced when the compartment pumping of pumping installations is impacted is approaching with the eigentone of boom system or when equating, boom system will produce strong resonance, under specific circumstances, the Oscillation Amplitude of jib end may reach more than the 1m; Boom system produces amplitude, the excessive vibration of intensity not only makes concrete be difficult to arrive the precalculated position, influences the quality of concrete work and carries out smoothly, also can cause the fatigue damage of pumping installations, boom system, and then influence the application life of concrete mixer.
In order to reduce the Oscillation Amplitude of jib end, stabilize the vibration of boom system, the technical scheme of stabilizing the boom system vibration is disclosed respectively as JP3040592B2, CN1486384A and CN1932215A.The disclosed technical scheme of these patent documentations only is to start with from the angle of control jib attitude with containing the amplitude that the jib tip vibration produces, and can not reduce the pulse that concrete flows, and therefore, the effect of the disclosed damping technology scheme of above-mentioned patent documentation is very limited.
The vibration that how to reduce boom system remains those skilled in the art's technical issues that need to address.
Summary of the invention
For this reason, first purpose of the present invention is, a kind of boom system is provided, and importing under the constant situation of fluid, reduces the vibration that boom system produces owing to fluid pulsation.
Second purpose of the present invention is, a kind of pumping machine that comprises above-mentioned boom system is provided.
In order to realize above-mentioned first purpose, boom system provided by the invention comprises carrier pipe and the vibration absorber that links to each other with carrier pipe, import and outlet that described vibration absorber forms the decompression section and communicates with this decompression section; The passage section of described decompression section is greater than the passage section of described import, and the while is greater than the passage section of described outlet; The outlet of described vibration absorber is communicated with the input port of described carrier pipe.
Optionally, described vibration absorber also comprises expansion segment, and described expansion segment front end communicates with described import, and the rear end communicates with the front end of described decompression section; The passage section of described expansion segment front end is less than the passage section of its rear end; The passage section of described decompression section front end is not less than the passage section of described expansion segment rear end.
Optionally, to described expansion segment rear end, the passage section of described expansion segment increases gradually from described expansion segment front end.
Optionally, described vibration absorber also comprises contraction section, and described contraction section front end communicates with the rear end of described decompression section, and the rear end communicates with described outlet; The passage section of described contraction section front end is greater than the passage section of its rear end; The passage section of described decompression section rear end is not less than the passage section of described contraction section front end.
Optionally, to described contraction section rear end, the passage section of described contraction section reduces gradually from described contraction section front end.
Optionally, described vibration absorber also comprises the steady flow segment that the each several part passage section equates; Described steady flow segment front end communicates with the rear end of described contraction section, and the rear end communicates with described outlet, and the passage section of described steady flow segment front end is not more than the passage section of described contraction section rear end.
Optionally, the passage section of described outlet is greater than the passage section of described import.
Optionally, the passage section of described decompression section each several part equates.
In order to realize above-mentioned second purpose, pumping machine provided by the invention comprises pumping installations and boom system, and the delivery outlet of described pumping installations communicates with the input port of the carrier pipe of boom system, and described boom system is above-mentioned any boom system; The import of described vibration absorber and outlet communicate with the delivery outlet of described pumping installations and the input port of described carrier pipe respectively.
Compared with prior art, in the boom system provided by the invention, also comprise vibration absorber, described vibration absorber comprises a decompression section, and the passage section of described decompression section is greater than the passage section of import, and the while is greater than the passage section of described outlet.Like this, enter when section decompression at fluids such as concrete or other dopes from import, because the passage section of decompression section is greater than the passage section of import, fluid pressure can reduce, and the extruding degree that is subjected to reduces, and fluid is subjected to back pressure and reduces; Then, fluid pass-out mouth again flows out, and owing to the passage section of the passage section that exports less than the decompression section, fluid pressure increases, and flow velocity increases to satisfy the predetermined amount of flow demand.When fluid enters the decompression section in the mode of pulsing, the fluid pressure that the decompression section is interior and the ripple amplitude that reduces to reduce fluid of flow velocity, vibration, turbulent flow that fluid pulsation is caused are retarded, improve the stability that fluid flows.Because the ripple amplitude of fluid reduces in the decompression section, the speed stability that flows out from outlet also improves, and ripple amplitude is also corresponding to be reduced.Make from the stability of carrier pipe delivery outlet effluent fluid also be improved significantly, and then can reduce the vibration that boom system produces owing to fluid pulsation, so just can reduce the Oscillation Amplitude of jib end significantly.
In further technical scheme, vibration absorber also comprises the expansion segment that is positioned at decompression section front end, and the passage section of expansion segment front end is less than the passage section of rear end.This technical scheme can reduce the pace of change of rate of flow of fluid and pressure, reduces because vibration and the turbulent flow that the rate of flow of fluid and the pressure sudden turn of events cause further improves the stability that fluid flows.Expansion segment is set to the structure that passage section increases gradually, can control the variation of rate of flow of fluid and pressure by gradually changing of expansion segment passage section, more preferably to improve the stability of fluid.
Equally, in further technical scheme, vibration absorber also comprises the contraction section that is positioned at decompression section rear end, and the passage section of this contraction section front end is greater than the passage section of rear end; This technical scheme can reduce the pace of change of rate of flow of fluid and pressure, reduces further to improve the stability that fluid flows because causing of the rate of flow of fluid and the pressure sudden turn of events vibrated and turbulent flow.Contraction section is set to the structure that passage section reduces gradually, can control the variation of rate of flow of fluid and pressure by gradually changing of contraction section passage section, more preferably to improve the stability of fluid, makes the more outlet of stable manner outflow vibration absorber of fluid.Further again, the steady flow segment that the each several part passage section equates is set in the contraction section rear end; When fluid passed through contraction section, the variation of its pressure and flow velocity can produce some turbulent flows, and steady flow segment can be alleviated the turbulent flow that produces at contraction section, improved the stability that fluid flows.
In further technical scheme, a decompression section each several part passage section equates; Can avoid fluid to produce new turbulent flow like this reducing pressure section internal pressure and change in flow.
In the pumping machine that comprises above-mentioned boom system that provides, owing to comprise also having corresponding technique effect by above-mentioned boom system.In further technical scheme, the import and the outlet of vibration absorber are communicated with the delivery outlet of pumping installations and the input port of carrier pipe respectively, being about to vibration absorber is connected between the carrier pipe of pumping installations and boom system, can bring into play the effect of vibration absorber so as much as possible, reduce the amplitude of fluid pulsation in advance, for the vibration that reduces boom system provides good prerequisite.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the boom system of the concrete mixer that provides of the embodiment of the invention one, shows the chassis and the pumping installations of concrete mixer among the figure with double dot dash line;
Fig. 2 is in the boom system shown in Figure 1, the structure diagram of vibration absorber;
Fig. 3 is in the boom system that provides of the embodiment of the invention two, the structure diagram of vibration absorber.
The specific embodiment
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the description of this part only is exemplary and explanatory, should any restriction not arranged to protection scope of the present invention.Below be that example is described technical scheme provided by the invention with the concrete mixer, but the technical scheme that provides of the present invention is not limited to be applied in the concrete mixer, also can be applied in the pumping machine of other toughness materials such as ash-slag delivery, mud.
Taproot of the present invention is: in the appropriate location of concrete flow warp, reduce the back pressure in concrete flow field by rights, just can improve the turbulent flow in concrete flow field effectively, reduce the concrete ripple amplitude, reduce the vibrational energy of fluid itself.Based on this taproot, provide following technical scheme.
Please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the boom system of the concrete mixer that provides of the embodiment of the invention one, shows the chassis and the pumping installations of pump truck among the figure with double dot dash line; Fig. 2 is in the boom system shown in Figure 1, the damping device structure sketch.
Concrete mixer among Fig. 1 comprises pumping installations 100 and boom system, and wherein boom system comprises vibration absorber 200 and carrier pipe 300 (in the sketch not shown the joint arm of boom system), and vibration absorber 200 links to each other with carrier pipe 300.Vibration absorber 200 forms four through-flow section: expansion segment 210, decompression section 220, contraction section 230 and steady flow segment 240; The order arrangement backward of above-mentioned four through-flow period the past, and, form outlet 202 in the rear end in vibration absorber 200 front ends formation import 201.The forward and backward herein noun of locality is to be reference with concrete flow direction, before the position that concrete arrives earlier is, after the position that the back arrives is.
The relation of vibration absorber 200 each several parts is as follows: expansion segment 210 front ends communicate with import 201, the rear end communicates with the front end of decompression section 220, wherein, the passage section of expansion segment 210 front ends is less than the passage section of rear end, and the passage section of expansion segment 210 rear ends is less than the passage section of decompression section 220 leading portions; This example is an optimal technical scheme, and from the front end to the rear end, the passage section of expansion segment 210 increases gradually.Decompression section 220 is columnar structured, and its each several part passage section equates that all promptly front end passage section and rear end passage section equate.Contraction section 230 front ends communicate with the rear end of decompression section 220, and the rear end communicates with the front end of steady flow segment 240; The passage section of contraction section 230 front ends is greater than the passage section of its rear end, and the passage section of contraction section 230 rear ends is less than the passage section of decompression section 220 rear ends; Preferably, from the front end to the rear end, the passage section of contraction section 230 reduces gradually.Steady flow segment 240 each several part passage sections equate that its front end communicates with the rear end of contraction section 230, and the rear end communicates with outlet 202, and the passage section of steady flow segment 240 front ends equates with the passage section of contraction section 230 rear ends.
When pumping installations 100 is exported concrete in the mode of pulsation, concrete flows with pulse mode, enter expansion segment 210 by import 201, because the passage section of expansion segment 210 front ends is less than the passage section of rear end, and its passage section increases gradually from the front end to the rear end, and concrete pressure and flowing velocity reduce gradually; Behind expansion segment 210, concrete enters in the decompression section 220, because therefore the passage section of the passage section of decompression section 220 front ends after greater than expansion segment 210, entering decompression section 220 o'clock, concrete pressure and flowing velocity further reduce; Because decompression section 220 each several part passage sections equate that in the flow process, it is constant substantially that its integral pressure and flowing velocity keep in decompression section 220 for concrete; After by decompression section 220, concrete enters contraction section 230, because the passage section of contraction section 230 front ends is less than the passage section of decompression section 220 rear ends, when entering contraction section 230, concrete pressure and flowing velocity increase; Because from the front end to the rear end, the passage section of contraction section 230 reduces gradually, concrete pressure and flowing velocity increase gradually; After passing through contraction section 230, concrete enters steady flow segment 240, because steady flow segment 240 each several part passage sections equate that it is constant substantially that concrete overall flow speed keeps, flows out by exporting 202 then, enters in the carrier pipe 300 of boom system.
When concrete process vibration absorber, concrete pressure and flowing velocity reduce earlier, increase again; By this process, concrete ripple amplitude reduces, and vibration, turbulent flow that pulsation is caused are retarded, has improved the stability that concrete flows.Because concrete ripple amplitude reduces in vibration absorber, also improve from exporting 202 speed stabilities that flow out, ripple amplitude is also corresponding to be reduced.Because concrete ripple amplitude reduces, from the terminal stability that flows out of boom system also be improved significantly, and then can reduce the vibration of the boom system that causes because concrete is pulsed, particularly can reduce the Oscillation Amplitude of jib end significantly.In order to reduce the wearing and tearing of concrete to carrier pipe, reduce concrete flowing velocity, in this example, the passage section of outlet 202 is greater than the passage section of import 201.
According to above description, be appreciated that in vibration absorber, suitable decompression section 220 is set, just can realize reducing the concrete ripple amplitude, reduce boom system owing to the pulse purpose of the vibration that produces of concrete.Actual experiment proves that also decompression section 220 can reduce the ripple amplitude that concrete flows, and under the situation that import 201 remains unchanged, the passage section of decompression section 220 is big more, and effect is obvious more.The passage section of decompression section 220 each several parts is not limited to equate, also can be set to the unequal structure of each several part passage section according to actual needs.
In this example, the front end passage section is set to be less than the benefit of the expansion segment 210 of rear end passage section: the pace of change that can reduce concrete flow velocity and pressure, reduce because vibration and the turbulent flow that the concrete flow velocity and the pressure sudden turn of events cause improves the stability that concrete flows; Expansion segment 210 is set to the structure that passage section increases gradually, can be by the variation control concrete flow velocity of expansion segment 210 passage sections and the variation of pressure, more preferably to improve concrete stability.In this example, the radial dimension of expansion segment 210 passage sections is a linear change, in actual applications, can according to actual needs the radial dimension of expansion segment 210 be changed with curve or other modes, changes with mobile speed of control concrete and pressure.Equally, the front end passage section being set also is greater than the benefit of the contraction section 230 of rear end passage section: the pace of change that reduces concrete flow velocity and pressure; Contraction section 230 is set to the structure that passage section reduces gradually, also can more preferably improves concrete stability; Equally, contraction section 230 radial dimensions change also multiple choices.
Because when concrete passed through contraction section 230, the variation of pressure and flow velocity can make concrete produce some turbulent flows, in order to reduce the adverse effect that this part turbulent flow causes.In contraction section 230 rear ends steady flow segment 240 is set also; Because the passage section of steady flow segment 240 each several parts equates, can alleviate the turbulent flow that produces at contraction section, improves the stability that fluid flows.
In this example, vibration absorber 200 is horizontally disposed with, and it exports the position that 202 positions are lower than its import 201, so that concrete passes through vibration absorber more smoothly.Because vibration absorber 200 has above-mentioned technique effect, the concrete mixer that provides comprises the boom system with this vibration absorber 200, also the corresponding technique effect of tool; In the optimal technical scheme, vibration absorber 200 is connected between the carrier pipe 300 of the pumping installations 100 of concrete mixer and boom system, the import 201 of vibration absorber 200 is communicated with the delivery outlet of pumping installations 100, the outlet 202 of vibration absorber is communicated with the input port of carrier pipe 300; Vibration absorber 200 is played a role in advance, reduce the amplitude of concrete pulsation, for the vibration that reduces boom system provides good prerequisite; Certainly, vibration absorber 200 can be arranged on other parts of boom system, and with carrier pipe 300 polyphone, make concrete flow by carrier pipe 300 through vibration absorber 200, just can realize the object of the invention.For concrete mixer, because its car body position has enough spaces, therefore, the position that vibration absorber 200 is set has multiple choices, can be provided with the avris of concrete mixer car body, also can be in position according to the concrete condition setting of concrete mixer.
Concrete pressure and flow velocity sharply change and generation vibration, noise and turbulent flow in order further to reduce, and the present invention also provides the vibration absorber of another kind of structure.
Please refer to Fig. 3, this figure is in the boom system that provides of the embodiment of the invention two, the structure diagram of vibration absorber.Compare with the vibration absorber of implementing in, its difference is that the passage section of decompression section 220 front ends equates that with the passage section of expansion segment 210 rear ends the passage section of decompression section 220 rear ends equates with the passage section of contraction section 230 front ends.Like this, in the whole through-flow zone that this vibration absorber forms, passage section forms the variation that connects, and can reduce the vibration, noise and the turbulent flow that produce owing to the discontinuous variation of passage section like this.In view of the above as can be seen, be not less than the passage section of expansion segment 210 rear ends at the passage section of decompression section 220 front ends, the passage section of decompression section 220 rear ends is not less than the passage section of contraction section 230 front ends, the passage section of steady flow segment 240 front ends is not more than the passage section of contraction section 230 rear ends, just can realize improving the purpose of concrete flow dynamic stability.Certainly, can pass through curve or arc transition between each is through-flow section, also can between other structures or part are set, to satisfy predetermined needs.
According to the practical application difference, vibration absorber 200 each through-flow section length and the concrete size of passage section can be taken all factors into consideration factors such as concrete proportion, concrete viscosity, the pumping frequency of pumping installations, concrete ripple amplitude and determine.According to the difference of pumping of concrete characteristic, also be arranged on the passage of concrete flow warp, one or more decompression sections 220 can also be set, one or more vibration absorbers 200 are set.
Providing on the basis of above-mentioned boom system, a kind of pumping machine also is provided, this pumping machine comprises pumping installations and boom system, the delivery outlet of described pumping installations communicates with the input port of the carrier pipe of boom system, described boom system is above-mentioned any boom system, the delivery outlet of pumping installations can directly communicate with the input port of boom system, also can lead to vibration absorber and communicate with the input port of the carrier pipe of boom system.Pumping machine can be to drag formula pump, automobile chassis pump or other pumping machines.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.