CN101815393A - Discharge lamp illuminator and have the lighting apparatus of this device - Google Patents
Discharge lamp illuminator and have the lighting apparatus of this device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101815393A CN101815393A CN201010125248A CN201010125248A CN101815393A CN 101815393 A CN101815393 A CN 101815393A CN 201010125248 A CN201010125248 A CN 201010125248A CN 201010125248 A CN201010125248 A CN 201010125248A CN 101815393 A CN101815393 A CN 101815393A
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Abstract
A kind of discharge lamp illuminator comprises: the power conversion unit that direct current is converted to alternating current; Be used to generate high voltage to start the start unit of discharge lamp; Control the control unit of described power conversion unit; And the lamp current detecting unit that detects the amplitude of the electric current that exports described discharge lamp to.In the startup of described discharge lamp, described control unit by after using the described high voltage that generates by described start unit to carry out to be used to the start-up operation that starts described discharge lamp, enter the described alternating current from described power conversion unit exported to of the normal running of described discharge lamp with the illumination that keeps described discharge lamp before, execution heated by electrodes operation makes the frequency of power output of described power conversion unit higher relatively to heat each electrode of described discharge lamp at control unit described in this heated by electrodes operation.In described heated by electrodes operating period, described control unit is controlled described power conversion unit with feedback system, makes that the described amplitude by the detected described output current of described lamp current detecting unit becomes predetermined target current amplitude.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to discharge lamp illuminator and lighting apparatus.
Background technology
Usually, at switch such as high-pressure discharge lamp or be called high-intensity discharge lamp (HID, the discharge lamp illuminator of hot cathode discharge lamp HighIntensity Discharge Lamp) has proposed to comprise the discharge lamp illuminator that direct current is converted to the power conversion unit of alternating current and controls the control unit of this power conversion unit.
For example, Figure 17 shows this type of discharge lamp illuminator.Hereinafter, introduce discharge lamp illuminator 1 in detail with reference to Figure 17.
With reference to Figure 17, discharge lamp illuminator 1 comprises that the alternating current that the AC power (AC) as civil power (commercial power source, source power supply) is provided is converted to galvanic direct current (DC) power supply E.
This DC power supply E has diode bridge (DB), and its low-voltage output head grounding is used for the alternating current from the AC power input is carried out abundant rectification; Diode D0, its anode be connected to the high-voltage output terminal of diode bridge DB via inductor L0 and its negative electrode via output capacitance C0 ground connection; Switch element Q0, the one end is connected and other end ground connection with the tie point of diode D0 with inductor L0; And the drive circuit (not shown), the conduction and cut-off of its control switch element Q0 to be to keep the regulated output voltage of DC power supply E, that is, and and the voltage between the output capacitance C0.In other words, DC power supply E has known boost converter (boost chopper circuit, boosting chopper circuit) and is connected in the configuration between the diode bridge DB output.
In addition, discharge lamp illuminator 1 comprises the full bridge circuit with four switch element Q1 to Q4, and this full bridge circuit is as being converted to the power conversion unit of alternating current from the direct current of DC power supply E input.Field effect transistor (FET) can be used as switch element Q1 to Q4.
On the other hand, be parallel with two series circuits between the output of DC power supply E, these two series circuits comprise two switch elements respectively, for example, and switch element Q1 and Q2 and switch element Q3 and Q4.An output of full bridge circuit, promptly, be included in two series circuits one of them switch element Q1 and the node between the Q2, be connected to the end (that is electrode) of discharge lamp La via the full secondary coil of autotransformer (auto-transformer) AT.
And, be arranged on contact (tap) among the autotransformer AT via first capacitor C, 1 ground connection.Another output of this full bridge circuit promptly, is included in switch element Q3 in another series circuit and the tie point of Q4, is connected to the other end (that is another electrode) of discharge lamp La via inductor L1.In addition, second capacitor C 2 is connected between the tie point of the tie point of the switch element Q1 that is included in the described series circuit and Q2 and inductor L1 and discharge lamp La.Therefore, being connected between the output of power conversion unit is resonant circuit (hereinafter being referred to as " load circuit "), and this resonant circuit comprises autotransformer AT, first capacitor C 1, second capacitor C 2 and inductor L1, and discharge lamp La.
In addition, discharge lamp illuminator 1 comprises control unit 2, is used for controlling respectively the switch element Q1 to Q4 that is included in power conversion unit.Control unit 2 is control switch element Q1 to Q4 as follows: two switch elements conductings simultaneously that the diagonal angle is placed among the switch element Q1 to Q4 and two switch element alternate conduction wherein being connected in series and end.Therefore, the direct current of importing from DC power supply E is converted to alternating current, and the frequency of this alternating current equals to be driven by conduction and cut-off the frequency (hereinafter referred to as " frequency of operation ") of the polarity inversion that causes.
In this type of discharge lamp illuminator 1, a kind of technology of control unit 2 execution heated by electrodes operations in discharge lamp La start-up course has been proposed.Particularly, by the output voltage that makes power conversion unit higher relatively carry out the start-up operation that starts discharge lamp after, enter from power conversion unit output AC electricity to discharge lamp L with before the normal running of changing the illumination that keeps discharge lamp La, control unit 2 make higher relatively each electrode of the frequency of power output of power conversion unit with heating discharge lamp La (referring to, for example, the open No.2005-507553 of Japan internationality patent application).
Describe the operation of above-mentioned control unit 2 in detail with reference to Figure 18.In Figure 18, four waveforms of top represent to input to respectively the drive signal of switch element Q1 to Q4, particularly, and the gate source voltage of switch element Q1 to Q4.Each switch element Q1 to Q4 is in the period conducting of height (H) current potential in respective drive signal and ends in the period that described drive signal is in low (L) current potential.In Figure 18, the trunnion axis express time.
When input power, control unit 2 at first begins start-up operation to start the discharge of discharge lamp La.During the starting period P1 that carries out start-up operation, control unit 2 is the resonance frequency (hereinafter being referred to as " by resonance frequency ") by frequency of operation being set to load circuit under the state that discharge lamp La ends, for example, tens thousand of hertz to hundreds thousand of hertz, and make the voltage Vla (hereinafter being referred to as " modulating voltage ") that exports discharge lamp La to enough high.
Described is the resonance frequency that comprises the resonant circuit of a part (primary coil part) between the contact of the tie point of switch element Q1 and Q2 and autotransformer AT and first capacitor C 1 one of (or one odd number of points) by resonance frequency.Start required voltage when the modulating voltage Vla that promotes through autotransformer AT during starting period P1 becomes, i.e. when glow discharge started, discharge lamp La started and the output current Ila (hereinafter being referred to as " lamp current ") that exports discharge lamp La to begins to flow.That is the autotransformer AT and first capacitor C 1 are included in the start unit.
After starting period P1, this control unit 2 transits to the heated by electrodes phase P2 that carries out the heated by electrodes operation.In the example of Figure 18, frequency of operation during the heated by electrodes phase P2 and the frequency during the starting period P1 are consistent.
After the heated by electrodes operation of carrying out scheduled time slot for example, control unit 2 enters the normal epoch P3 that carries out normal running.One transit to normal epoch P3 after, modulating voltage Vla promptly raises with the temperature in the discharge lamp and slowly raises and then tended towards stability in several minutes.In normal running, frequency of operation f changes in hundreds of hertz scope at for example tens of hertz.
In the example of Figure 18, during normal epoch P3, control unit 2 is controlled the power output at discharge lamp La by carrying out PWM control.Particularly, with depend on export to discharge lamp La power duty ratio and far above the frequency of frequency of operation f, even one group of switch element Q3 and Q4 that is connected in series among control unit 2 conductings and the cutoff switch element Q1 to Q4 is and needn't maintained switch element Q3 and Q4 conducting during the period of switch element Q1 that distinguishes the diagonal angle placement and Q2 conducting.
In the example of Figure 18, owing to used the identical operations frequency at starting period P1 and heated by electrodes phase P2, so the amplitude of lamp current Ila is less than the required amplitude of electrode that fully heats discharge lamp La.
In view of this, proposed technology as shown in figure 19, wherein when entering heated by electrodes phase P2, reduced frequency of operation f from starting period P1.Herein, as shown in figure 20, because the amplitude of lamp current Ila | Ila| reduces with the increase of frequency of operation f monotonously, frequency of operation f when therefore control unit 2 makes frequency of operation f during the heated by electrodes phase P2 be lower than starting period P1 to stop, thereby can reduce modulating voltage Vla, increase lamp current Ila thus.
Therefore, can make lamp current Ila (that is, its amplitude) enough big during heated by electrodes phase P2, make discharge lamp La stable discharging by transition from glow discharge to arc discharge.In addition, when the electrode of discharge lamp La is heated during heated by electrodes phase P2, because the asymmetric electric current that the temperature difference between the electrode of discharge lamp La causes is lowered by heated by electrodes phase P2.
In addition, in the example of Figure 19, with control unit 2 during starting period P1 with frequency of operation f from far above progressively being reduced to by resonance frequency by resonance frequency, modulating voltage Vla slowly raises.
In addition, in the example of Figure 19, frequency of operation f is also reducing during the heated by electrodes phase P2 and two values of frequency of operation f during heated by electrodes phase P2 are preset value.
Utilize above-mentioned discharge lamp illuminator, because the discharge of discharge lamp La transits to arc discharge from glow discharge during heated by electrodes phase P2, therefore the discharge transitting to normal running after tends towards stability and compares with the situation that does not have heated by electrodes to operate and avoided flicker.
Yet, because the impedance of load circuit is because the property difference of circuit block, or discharge lamp La, or ambient temperature and changing, therefore, when as in the conventional example, when the value of heated by electrodes operating period predetermined registration operation frequency f, lamp current may be big inadequately in heated by electrodes operating period.The illumination of this guiding discharge lamp La is unstable during normal running subsequently.On the contrary, lamp current may be excessive, thereby cause circuit block or the excessive electric stress (electrical stress) of discharge lamp La.
Summary of the invention
In view of foregoing, one object of the present invention is to provide and can optimizes the discharge lamp illuminator of the electric current that exports discharge lamp to and the lighting apparatus with this discharge lamp illuminator in heated by electrodes operating period.
According to claim 1 of the present invention, a kind of discharge lamp illuminator is provided, comprising: the power conversion unit that direct current is converted to alternating current; Be connected in start unit between the output of described power conversion unit with discharge lamp, be used to generate high voltage to start described discharge lamp; Control the control unit of described power conversion unit; And the lamp current detecting unit that detects the amplitude of the electric current that exports described discharge lamp to.
In this discharge lamp illuminator, in the startup of described discharge lamp, described control unit by after using the described high voltage that generates by described start unit to carry out to be used to the start-up operation that starts described discharge lamp, enter the described alternating current from described power conversion unit exported to of the normal running of described discharge lamp with the illumination that keeps described discharge lamp before, execution heated by electrodes operation makes the frequency of power output of described power conversion unit higher relatively to heat each electrode of described discharge lamp at control unit described in this heated by electrodes operation; And in described heated by electrodes operating period, described control unit is controlled described power conversion unit with feedback system, makes that the described amplitude by the detected described output current of described lamp current detecting unit becomes predetermined target current amplitude.
According to claim 2 of the present invention, in the described discharge lamp illuminator of claim 1, described power conversion unit comprises the buck chopper device circuit of the galvanic voltage that reduction is imported, and will export the full bridge circuit from the direct current interchangeization of described buck chopper device circuit.
According to claim 3 of the present invention, in the described discharge lamp illuminator of claim 1, described power conversion unit comprises full bridge circuit, and during described normal running, described control unit is controlled the described power output of described power conversion unit based on the conduction and cut-off duty ratio that is included in the switch element in the described full bridge circuit.
According to claim 4 of the present invention, in the described discharge lamp illuminator of claim 1, described power conversion unit comprises half-bridge circuit, and during described normal running, described control unit is controlled the described power output of described power conversion unit based on the conduction and cut-off duty ratio that is included in the switch element in the described half-bridge circuit.
According to claim 5 of the present invention, in claim 1 to 4 in each described discharge lamp illuminator, after described start-up operation, before the operation of the described heated by electrodes of beginning, described control unit is carried out at least one frequency and is reduced operation and be reduced to preset frequency with the described output frequency with described power conversion unit.
According to claim 6 of the present invention, in the described discharge lamp illuminator of claim 5, the maximum slippage during the slippage of the described output frequency of described power conversion unit during the frequency reduction phase of the beginning from the end of described start-up operation to described heated by electrodes operation reduces during isometric period phase with this frequency greater than the described output frequency of described power conversion unit described heated by electrodes operation.
According to claim 7 of the present invention, in the described discharge lamp illuminator of claim 5, the described frequency reduction phase of the beginning from the end of described start-up operation to described heated by electrodes operation is set to the duration that is shorter than described heated by electrodes operation.
According to claim 8 of the present invention, a kind of lighting apparatus is provided, it comprises each described discharge lamp illuminator in the claim 1 to 4, and the shell that is used to hold described discharge lamp illuminator.
According to claim 9 of the present invention, a kind of discharge lamp illuminator is provided, comprising: the power conversion unit that direct current is converted to alternating current; Be connected in start unit between the output of described power conversion unit with discharge lamp, be used to generate high voltage to start described discharge lamp; Control the control unit of described power conversion unit; Detection exports the lamp current detecting unit of amplitude of the electric current of described discharge lamp to; And the modulating voltage detecting unit that detects the amplitude of the voltage that exports described discharge lamp to.
In described discharge lamp illuminator, in the startup of described discharge lamp, described control unit by use the described high voltage that generates by described start unit carry out the start-up operation that starts described discharge lamp after, enter the described alternating current from described power conversion unit exported to of the normal running of described discharge lamp with the illumination that keeps described discharge lamp before, execution heated by electrodes operation makes the frequency of power output of described power conversion unit higher relatively to heat each electrode of described discharge lamp at control unit described in this heated by electrodes operation; And in described heated by electrodes operating period, described control unit is controlled described power conversion unit with feedback system, make by the described amplitude of the detected described output current of described lamp current detecting unit, become the target current amplitude based on described amplitude by the detected described output voltage of described modulating voltage detecting unit.
According to claim 10 of the present invention, in the described discharge lamp illuminator of claim 9, described power conversion unit comprises the buck chopper device circuit of the galvanic voltage that reduction is imported, and will export the full bridge circuit from the direct current interchangeization of described buck chopper device circuit.
According to claim 11 of the present invention, in the described discharge lamp illuminator of claim 9, described power conversion unit comprises full bridge circuit, and during described normal running, described control unit is controlled the described power output of described power conversion unit based on the conduction and cut-off duty ratio that is included in the switch element in the described full bridge circuit.
According to claim 12 of the present invention, in the described discharge lamp illuminator of claim 9, described power conversion unit comprises half-bridge circuit, and during described normal running, described control unit is controlled the described power output of described power conversion unit based on the conduction and cut-off duty ratio that is included in the switch element in the described half-bridge circuit.
According to claim 13 of the present invention, in each described discharge lamp illuminator, the quantity of described target current amplitude is two or more in claim 9 to 12.
According to claim 14 of the present invention, in claim 9 to 12 in each described discharge lamp illuminator, described control unit is based on judging that by the detected described output voltage amplitude of described modulating voltage detecting unit the discharge in the described discharge lamp is glow discharge or arc discharge, and determines described target current amplitude based on the result of described judgement.
According to claim 15 of the present invention, in the described discharge lamp illuminator of claim 13, described control unit is set at described target current amplitude along with being reduced by the increase of the detected described output voltage amplitude of described modulating voltage detecting unit.
According to claim 16 of the present invention, in the described discharge lamp illuminator of claim 15, described control unit is set at target power by will be predetermined divided by the value that is obtained by the detected described output voltage amplitude of described modulating voltage detecting unit with described target current amplitude.
According to claim 17 of the present invention, in the described discharge lamp illuminator of claim 16, described target power height is to the discharge that is enough to keep in the described discharge lamp.
According to claim 18 of the present invention, in each described discharge lamp illuminator, described control unit is controlled the output frequency of described power conversion unit in claim 9 to 12.
According to claim 19 of the present invention, a kind of lighting apparatus is provided, comprise each described discharge lamp illuminator in the claim 9 to 12, and the shell that is used to hold described discharge lamp illuminator.
Utilize the configuration of claim 1, described control unit is by controlling power conversion unit by the feedback of the amplitude of the detected output current of described lamp current detecting unit, makes that the amplitude at described heated by electrodes operating period output current becomes the target current amplitude.Therefore, the electric current that exports described discharge lamp to can be changed into desired value.
Utilize the configuration of claim 6, the maximum slippage during the slippage of the output frequency of described power conversion unit during the frequency reduction phase of the beginning from the end of described start-up operation to described heated by electrodes operation reduces during isometric period phase with this frequency greater than the output frequency of described power conversion unit described heated by electrodes operation.Therefore, compare with the situation of not carrying out frequency reduction operation, the amplitude that exports the electric current of discharge lamp to can reach the target current amplitude at short notice, thereby has improved the startup ability.
Utilize the configuration of claim 7, can be set at the duration that is shorter than described heated by electrodes operation to the period that begins described heated by electrodes operation from stopping described start-up operation.Therefore, and compare, can begin described heated by electrodes operation rapidly, thereby improve the startup ability from stopping the situation that described start-up operation is longer than the duration of described heated by electrodes operation to the period that begins the operation of described heated by electrodes.
Utilize the configuration of claim 9, the amplitude that exports the electric current of discharge lamp to can be passed through FEEDBACK CONTROL, become the target current amplitude based on output voltage amplitude, therefore, the electric current that exports described discharge lamp in heated by electrodes operating period to can be controlled to have desired value.
Description of drawings
Purpose of the present invention and characteristic will be by below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to the description of embodiment and obviously, wherein:
Fig. 1 illustrates according to the frequency of operation of first embodiment of the invention and the time dependent example of current amplitude;
Fig. 2 is the circuit block diagram according to the discharge lamp illuminator of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 illustrates the example that concerns between the current amplitude and voltage magnitude in the first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the circuit block diagram according to the discharge lamp illuminator of the improvement example of first embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the circuit block diagram according to the discharge lamp illuminator of another improvement example of first embodiment;
Fig. 6 illustrates according to the current amplitude of second embodiment of the invention and the time dependent example of voltage magnitude;
Fig. 7 is the circuit block diagram according to the discharge lamp illuminator of second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 is for explaining the view of determining the method for target current amplitude in second embodiment of the invention based on voltage magnitude;
Fig. 9 illustrates according to the current amplitude of second embodiment of the invention and time dependent another example of voltage magnitude;
Figure 10 is illustrated in the relation between the voltage magnitude and current amplitude under three different operating frequencies;
Figure 11 is for explaining in second embodiment of the invention the view of another example of determining the method for target current amplitude based on voltage magnitude;
Figure 12 is the circuit block diagram according to the discharge lamp illuminator of the improvement example of second embodiment;
Figure 13 is the circuit block diagram according to the discharge lamp illuminator of another improvement example of second embodiment;
Figure 14 is the stereogram comprising an example of the lighting apparatus of discharge lamp illuminator;
Figure 15 is the stereogram comprising another example of the lighting apparatus of discharge lamp illuminator;
Figure 16 is the stereogram of an example again comprising the lighting apparatus of discharge lamp illuminator;
Figure 17 is the circuit block diagram of conventional example;
Figure 18 is for explaining in conventional example, inputs to the time dependent view of voltage, modulating voltage and lamp current of drive signal of each switch element of full bridge circuit;
Figure 19 is illustrated in modulating voltage and the time dependent example of frequency of operation in another conventional example; And
Figure 20 illustrates the example that concerns between lamp current amplitude and the frequency of operation.
Embodiment
Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawing embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail that constitutes the application's part.
(first embodiment)
Hereinafter, describe in detail according to the first embodiment of the present invention to Fig. 3 with reference to Fig. 1.Discharge lamp illuminator according to first embodiment has and Figure 17 and the essentially identical configuration of discharge lamp illuminator shown in Figure 180, therefore the description and the introduction of omitting its same section.
As shown in Figure 1, during starting period P1, control unit 2 repeats to reduce the operation of frequency of operation f in the scope that is limited to lower limit, and the intermediate value of this scope is 140kHz, and this intermediate value is corresponding to ending 1/3 of resonance frequency 430kHz.The moment that control unit 2 finishes start-up operations can be, for example detects the moment that discharge lamp La begins to discharge by known technology, or passes through start-up operation begins after the moment of the scheduled time slot that is enough to start discharge lamp La.
As shown in Figure 2, discharge lamp illuminator according to first embodiment of the invention, the amplitude that comprises sensed lamp current Ila | the lamp current detecting unit 3 of Ila| (hereinafter being referred to as " current amplitude "), and control unit 2 utilizes the feedback control manipulation frequency f during heated by electrodes phase P2, makes current amplitude | Ila| can reach predetermined target current amplitude It.
For example, as shown in figure 20, at current amplitude | adjust under the situation of frequency of operation f in the scope that Ila| reduces monotonously with the increase of frequency of operation f, if by lamp current detecting unit 3 detected current amplitudes | Ila| is less than target current amplitude It, and then control unit 2 increases current amplitude by reducing frequency of operation f | Ila|.On the contrary, if by lamp current detecting unit 3 detected current amplitudes | Ila| is greater than target current amplitude It, and then it reduces current amplitude by increasing frequency of operation f | Ila|.
In above-mentioned FEEDBACK CONTROL, but frequency of operation f step changes or continues variation.In addition, regularly (off and on) or constantly (constantly) carry out by lamp current detecting unit 3 detected current amplitudes | the comparison between Ila| and the target current amplitude It.In either case, because control unit 2 and lamp current detecting unit 3 all can be realized by known technology, therefore will omit and describe in detail and introduction.In the example depicted in fig. 1, because above-mentioned control, the frequency of operation f during the heated by electrodes phase P2 is set to about 30kHz, the frequency of operation 160Hz during being lower than the intermediate value 140kHz of the frequency of operation during the starting period P1 and being higher than normal epoch P3.
For example, can consider the amplitude of the modulating voltage Vla shown in curve A among Fig. 3 when running frequency f is 39kHz | Vla| (hereinafter being referred to as " voltage magnitude ") and current amplitude | the situation of relationship change between the Ila|, voltage magnitude when frequency of operation f is 41kHz shown in curve B among Fig. 3 | Vla| and current amplitude | the situation of relationship change between the Ila|, target current amplitude are 200mA.In the case, if voltage magnitude | Vla| is 150V, then current amplitude under the situation of frequency of operation 39kHz | Ila| is about 300mA, and it has surpassed the target current amplitude.Therefore, control unit 2 is by reducing current amplitude | and Ila| also increases for example 2kHz with frequency of operation f, makes current amplitude near the target current amplitude.
In this embodiment, control unit 2 makes detected current amplitude by the feedback control manipulation frequency f | and Ila| is near the target current amplitude, therefore, can optimize the current amplitude during the heated by electrodes phase P2 | Ila|.
And, in this embodiment, the frequency that control unit 2 executable operations frequencies are reduced to preset frequency through two stages reduces operation, described two stages are the beginning of period P4 (below be referred to as " frequency reduce phase ") and when finishing, this frequency reduces phase after starting period P1 finishes, before heated by electrodes phase P2 starts, and is not to get started heated by electrodes to operate after start-up operation finishes.In the example of Fig. 1, frequency of operation f reduces to intermediate frequency between 140kHz and the 30kHz in the phase I that frequency reduces operation, and frequency of operation f reduces to 30kHz in the second stage that frequency reduces operation, and therefore, generally speaking frequency of operation f changes in the step mode.
Perhaps, during frequency reduced phase P4, frequency of operation f can reduce operation through single frequency reduce to 30kHz from 140kHz at once, or reduced operation in the step mode through three times or more times frequency and reduce, or reduced operation through single frequency and continue and reduce lentamente.
At this, frequency reduction phase P4 (that is, finishing to the period of heated by electrodes operation beginning from start-up operation) is set to and is shorter than heated by electrodes phase P2 (that is the duration of heated by electrodes operation).Therefore, be longer than the situation of heated by electrodes phase P2 with frequency reduction phase P4 and compare, because current amplitude | Ila| becomes longer relatively by the fixing period of FEEDBACK CONTROL, has therefore improved the performance that starts this lamp.
On the other hand, the reduction amount of frequency of operation f during frequency reduces phase P4 reduces maximum reduction amount phase P4 equate the period of duration during with frequency greater than frequency of operation f in heated by electrodes phase P2.Therefore, compare with the situation of not carrying out frequency reduction operation, owing to finish to current amplitude from start-up operation | the period when Ila| reaches the target current amplitude shortens, and has therefore also improved the performance that starts this lamp.
The circuit arrangement of discharge lamp illuminator is not limited to shown in Figure 2.In full bridge circuit as shown in Figure 2, be included in switch element Q1 in the series circuit of Fig. 2 and Q2 and can adopt half-bridge circuit as shown in Figure 4 and substitute by capacitor C 0a and C0b.In the example of Fig. 4, comprise the output capacitance C0 of the series circuit of capacitor C 0a and C0b corresponding to the boost chopper circuit of DC power supply E.Resistance R 1 additional being coupled between first capacitor C 1 and the ground.
Simultaneously, with this configuration, carry out PWM control, wherein, shown in the example of Figure 18, during normal epoch P3, even when switch does not take place also can by adjust will conduction and cut-off switch element Q3 and the conduction and cut-off duty of Q4 recently control the power that exports discharge lamp La to.
In addition, as shown in Figure 5, buck chopper device circuit 4 can be set further, the voltage that its output voltage that reduces DC power supply E also will reduce exports full bridge circuit to.In the case, power-switching circuit comprises full bridge circuit and the buck chopper device circuit 4 with four switch element Q1 to Q4.In this example, buck chopper device circuit 4 comprises that an end is coupled to the output of high potential one side that is positioned at DC power supply E and the other end is coupled to the switch element Q5 of the input of full bridge circuit via inductor L2; Negative electrode is coupled to the tie point of switch element Q5 and inductor L2 and anode is coupled to the diode D1 on ground; And the input that is coupled to full bridge circuit, the i.e. capacitor C 3 of the output of buck chopper device circuit 4.
Herein, the inductor L1 and second capacitor C 2 in the omission load circuit.Under the situation of this configuration, because control unit 2 can recently be controlled the power of supplied to discharge lamp by the conduction and cut-off duty of regulating the switch element Q5 in the buck chopper device circuit 4, recently carries out PWM control based on the switch element Q1 in the full bridge circuit to the conduction and cut-off duty of Q4 even therefore also need not during normal epoch P3.
Above-mentioned various control unit 2 and current detecting unit 3 can be realized that therefore omission is described in greater detail and introduces by known circuit.
(second embodiment)
Hereinafter, describe in detail according to a second embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Present embodiment has and Figure 17 and the identical basic configuration of discharge lamp illuminator shown in Figure 180, therefore the description and the explanation of omitting their same sections.
As shown in Figure 6, during the starting period P1, control unit 2 is carried out start-up operation, and wherein control unit 2 repeats to reduce the operation of frequency of operation f in the scope that is limited to lower limit, the intermediate value of this scope is 140kHz, and this intermediate value is corresponding to ending 1/3 of resonance frequency 430kHz.The moment that control unit 2 finishes start-up operations can be, moment that begins to discharge by the detected discharge lamp La of known technology for example, after perhaps start-up operation begins through moment of the scheduled time slot that is enough to start discharge lamp La.
With reference to Fig. 7, comprise the amplitude of sensed lamp current Ila according to the discharge lamp illuminator of second embodiment of the invention | the lamp current detecting unit 31 of Ila|, and the amplitude that detects modulating voltage Vla | the modulating voltage detecting unit 32 of Vla|.
During heated by electrodes phase P2, control unit 2 feedback control manipulation frequency f make current amplitude | Ila| can reach based on by modulating voltage detecting unit 32 detected voltage magnitudes | and the target current amplitude It that Vla| determines.
At based on by modulating voltage detecting unit 32 detected voltage magnitudes | Vla| determines the method for target current amplitude It, has proposed target current amplitude It based on voltage magnitude | the stepping method of Vla|.That is, as shown in Figure 8, if voltage magnitude | Vla| then is set at 0.8A with target current amplitude It less than 50V; If voltage magnitude | Vla| is more than 50V and less than 150V, and then target current amplitude It is set to 0.6A; If voltage magnitude | Vla| is more than or equal to 150V, and then target current amplitude It is set to 0.2A.
Herein, the rated voltage of supposing discharge lamp La is 90V, if voltage magnitude | and Vla| is more than or equal to 150V, and then the discharge in the discharge lamp can be described as glow discharge; If voltage magnitude | Vla| is less than 150V, and then the discharge in the discharge lamp can be described as arc discharge.In this embodiment, control unit 2 can be based on voltage magnitude | and Vla| determines that the discharge among the discharge lamp La is glow discharge or arc discharge and determines target current amplitude It based on this result who determines.Though in the example of Fig. 6, voltage magnitude | Vla| during heated by electrodes phase P2 not more than or equal to 150V, if during heated by electrodes phase P2 as shown in Figure 9 voltage magnitude | Vla| is more than or equal to 150V, and then target current amplitude It still is 0.2A.
Figure 10 illustrates three frequency of operation f, promptly under 39kHz, 40kHz and the 41kHz, and voltage magnitude | Vla| and current amplitude | the relation between the Ila|.Among Figure 10, curve F1 represents voltage magnitude when frequency of operation f is 39kHz | Vla| and current amplitude | and the relation between the Ila|; Curve F2 represents voltage magnitude when frequency of operation f is 40kHz | Vla| and current amplitude | and the relation between the Ila|; Curve F1 represents voltage magnitude when frequency of operation f is 41kHz | Vla| and current amplitude | and the relation between the Ila|.As can be seen from Figure 10, along with frequency of operation f reduces, current amplitude | Ila| increases, and therefore, impedance reduces on the whole.
In other words, when current amplitude | Ila| is during less than target current amplitude It, and control unit 2 increases frequency of operation; When current amplitude | Ila| is during greater than target current amplitude It, and control unit 2 reduces frequency of operation, thereby makes current amplitude | and Ila| is near target current amplitude It.In addition, Figure 10 shows three sub-period P2a, P2b among the heated by electrodes phase P2 shown in Fig. 6 and the operating point of P2c.
As mentioned above, in a second embodiment, control unit 2 is carried out FEEDBACK CONTROL, control unit 2 detects voltage magnitudes in this FEEDBACK CONTROL | Vla| and based on voltage magnitude | and Vla| makes current amplitude | and Ila| reaches target current amplitude It, therefore, during heated by electrodes phase P2, can make current amplitude | Ila| has desired value.
The quantity of target current amplitude It is not limited to three and can be two, four or more.
Except above-mentioned based on voltage magnitude | Vla| progressively changes the target current amplitude It, also can continue to change.In addition, control unit 2 may command make the electrical power to lamp La output become the target electrical power.That is, because electric current and voltage are inversely proportional to when power is determined, thus the control that control unit 2 is carried out make target current amplitude Ia be target power divided by voltage magnitude | the value of Vla|, therefore, as shown in figure 11, can make target current amplitude It and voltage magnitude | Vla| is inversely proportional to.
Therefore, to the electrical power substantially constant of discharge lamp La output and and voltage magnitude | Vla| is irrelevant.In order to suppress power consumption,, just preferably make target power lower as long as discharge lamp can keep discharge.
Circuit arrangement is not limited to configuration shown in Figure 7.For example, except full bridge circuit shown in Figure 7, also can adopt a switch element Q1 and the half-bridge circuit that replaced by capacitor C 0a and C0b of Q2 in the series circuit that is included in as shown in figure 12.In the example of Figure 12, comprise that the series circuit of C0a and C0b also is used as the output capacitance C0 of the boost chopper circuit of DC power supply E.Resistance R 1 is attached between first capacitor C 1 and the ground.In the case, carry out PWM control, wherein, shown in the example of Figure 18, by control during the period of switch does not take place will conducting switch element Q3 and the conduction and cut-off duty ratio of Q4, regulate during the normal epoch P3 power output to discharge lamp output.
Perhaps, as shown in figure 13, the buck chopper device circuit 4 of the improvement example of first embodiment as shown in Figure 5 can be set also, it reduces the output voltage of DC power supply E and exports the voltage that reduces to full bridge circuit.Therefore the configuration of buck chopper device circuit 4 and operation omit its detailed description all with shown in Figure 5 identical.
In the example of Figure 13, omit the inductor L1 and second capacitor C 2 in the load circuit.Therefore, in start-up operation, the resonance of the resonant circuit by comprising the autotransformer AT and first capacitor C 1, the high voltage that will be used to start exports discharge lamp La to.That is start unit only comprises the autotransformer AT and first capacitor C 1.
Utilize this configuration, because control unit 2 can recently be controlled the power that offers discharge lamp La by the conduction and cut-off duty of regulating the switch element Q5 in the buck chopper device circuit 4, even therefore during normal epoch P3, also need not to use the conduction and cut-off duty of the switch element Q1 to Q4 in the full bridge circuit recently to carry out PWM control.
As the FEEDBACK CONTROL of carrying out by control unit 2, except aforesaid change frequency of operation f, also can change the output voltage of DC power supply E or the output voltage of change buck chopper device circuit 4.
Aforesaid control unit 2, lamp current detecting unit 31 and modulating voltage detecting unit 32 can be realized by known circuit, therefore, omit its detailed description and explanation.
Above-mentioned discharge lamp illuminator 1 for example can be used for Figure 14 in lighting apparatus shown in Figure 16 5.Figure 14 includes the shell 51 that holds discharge lamp illuminator 1 to each lighting device 5 shown in Figure 16, and the lamp body 52 that supports discharge lamp La.In addition, include the power transmission line 53 that is connected discharge lamp illuminator 1 and discharge lamp La as Figure 14 with each lighting apparatus 5 shown in Figure 15.
The lighting apparatus 5 of Figure 14 is for shining (down light) formula down, wherein shell 51 and lamp body 52 are fixed on the ceiling, and the lighting device 5 of Figure 15 and Figure 16 is shot-light (spot light) formula, and wherein lamp body 52 is pivotally mounted on the lighting apparatus main body 51 that is fixed in the mounting plane of ceiling for example.More than various lighting apparatus 5 can realize by known technology, therefore, omit its detailed explanation.
Though illustrated and described the present invention with reference to embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that under the situation that does not break away from the definite scope of claim of the present invention and can make various modification and improvement.
Claims (19)
1. discharge lamp illuminator comprises:
Direct current is converted to the power conversion unit of alternating current;
Be connected in start unit between the output of described power conversion unit with discharge lamp, be used to generate high voltage to start described discharge lamp;
Control the control unit of described power conversion unit; And
Detection exports the lamp current detecting unit of amplitude of the electric current of described discharge lamp to,
Wherein, in the startup of described discharge lamp, described control unit by after using the described high voltage that generates by described start unit to carry out to be used to the start-up operation that starts described discharge lamp, enter the described alternating current from described power conversion unit exported to of the normal running of described discharge lamp with the illumination that keeps described discharge lamp before, execution heated by electrodes operation makes the frequency of power output of described power conversion unit higher relatively to heat each electrode of described discharge lamp at control unit described in this heated by electrodes operation; And
In described heated by electrodes operating period, described control unit is controlled described power conversion unit with feedback system, makes that the described amplitude by the detected described output current of described lamp current detecting unit becomes predetermined target current amplitude.
2. discharge lamp illuminator as claimed in claim 1, wherein said power conversion unit comprise the buck chopper device circuit of the galvanic voltage that reduction is imported, and will export the full bridge circuit from the direct current interchangeization of described buck chopper device circuit.
3. discharge lamp illuminator as claimed in claim 1, wherein said power conversion unit comprises full bridge circuit, and during described normal running, described control unit is controlled the described power output of described power conversion unit based on the conduction and cut-off duty ratio that is included in the switch element in the described full bridge circuit.
4. discharge lamp illuminator as claimed in claim 1, wherein said power conversion unit comprises half-bridge circuit, and during described normal running, described control unit is controlled the described power output of described power conversion unit based on the conduction and cut-off duty ratio that is included in the switch element in the described half-bridge circuit.
5. as each described discharge lamp illuminator in the claim 1 to 4, wherein after described start-up operation, before the operation of the described heated by electrodes of beginning, described control unit is carried out at least one frequency and is reduced operation and be reduced to preset frequency with the described output frequency with described power conversion unit.
6. discharge lamp illuminator as claimed in claim 5, the maximum slippage during the slippage of the described output frequency of wherein said power conversion unit during the frequency reduction phase of the beginning from the end of described start-up operation to described heated by electrodes operation reduces during isometric period phase with this frequency greater than the described output frequency of described power conversion unit described heated by electrodes operation.
7. discharge lamp illuminator as claimed in claim 5, wherein the described frequency reduction phase of the beginning from the end of described start-up operation to described heated by electrodes operation is set to the duration that is shorter than described heated by electrodes operation.
8. a lighting apparatus comprises each described discharge lamp illuminator in the claim 1 to 4, and the shell that is used to hold described discharge lamp illuminator.
9. discharge lamp illuminator comprises:
Direct current is converted to the power conversion unit of alternating current;
Be connected in start unit between the output of described power conversion unit with discharge lamp, be used to generate high voltage to start described discharge lamp;
Control the control unit of described power conversion unit;
Detection exports the lamp current detecting unit of amplitude of the electric current of described discharge lamp to; And
Detection exports the modulating voltage detecting unit of amplitude of the voltage of described discharge lamp to,
Wherein, in the startup of described discharge lamp, described control unit by use the described high voltage that generates by described start unit carry out the start-up operation that starts described discharge lamp after, enter the described alternating current from described power conversion unit exported to of the normal running of described discharge lamp with the illumination that keeps described discharge lamp before, execution heated by electrodes operation makes the frequency of power output of described power conversion unit higher relatively to heat each electrode of described discharge lamp at control unit described in this heated by electrodes operation; And
In described heated by electrodes operating period, described control unit is controlled described power conversion unit with feedback system, make by the described amplitude of the detected described output current of described lamp current detecting unit, become the target current amplitude based on described amplitude by the detected described output voltage of described modulating voltage detecting unit.
10. discharge lamp illuminator as claimed in claim 9, wherein said power conversion unit comprise the buck chopper device circuit of the galvanic voltage that reduction is imported, and will export the full bridge circuit from the direct current interchangeization of described buck chopper device circuit.
11. discharge lamp illuminator as claimed in claim 9, wherein said power conversion unit comprises full bridge circuit, and during described normal running, described control unit is controlled the described power output of described power conversion unit based on the conduction and cut-off duty ratio that is included in the switch element in the described full bridge circuit.
12. discharge lamp illuminator as claimed in claim 9, wherein said power conversion unit comprises half-bridge circuit, and during described normal running, described control unit is controlled the described power output of described power conversion unit based on the conduction and cut-off duty ratio that is included in the switch element in the described half-bridge circuit.
13. as each described discharge lamp illuminator in the claim 9 to 12, the quantity of wherein said target current amplitude is two or more.
14. as each described discharge lamp illuminator in the claim 9 to 12, wherein said control unit is based on judging that by the detected described output voltage amplitude of described modulating voltage detecting unit the discharge in the described discharge lamp is glow discharge or arc discharge, and determines described target current amplitude based on the result of described judgement.
15. discharge lamp illuminator as claimed in claim 13, wherein said control unit is set at described target current amplitude along with being reduced by the increase of the detected described output voltage amplitude of described modulating voltage detecting unit.
16. discharge lamp illuminator as claimed in claim 15, wherein said control unit is set at target power by will be predetermined divided by the value that is obtained by the detected described output voltage amplitude of described modulating voltage detecting unit with described target current amplitude.
17. discharge lamp illuminator as claimed in claim 16, wherein said target power height is to the discharge that is enough to keep in the described discharge lamp.
18. as each described discharge lamp illuminator in the claim 9 to 12, wherein said control unit is controlled the output frequency of described power conversion unit.
19. a lighting apparatus comprises each described discharge lamp illuminator in the claim 9 to 12, and the shell that is used to hold described discharge lamp illuminator.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP041505/2009 | 2009-02-24 | ||
| JP2009041505A JP2010198880A (en) | 2009-02-24 | 2009-02-24 | Discharge lamp lighting device, and illumination fixture |
| JP041489/2009 | 2009-02-24 | ||
| JP2009041489A JP2010198875A (en) | 2009-02-24 | 2009-02-24 | Discharge lamp lighting device and illumination fixture |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101815393A true CN101815393A (en) | 2010-08-25 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010125248A Pending CN101815393A (en) | 2009-02-24 | 2010-02-24 | Discharge lamp illuminator and have the lighting apparatus of this device |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101815393A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103347356A (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2013-10-09 | 佛山肆强科技有限公司 | HID lamp power supplying method, circuit used by same and working method of circuit |
| CN109842086A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-06-04 | 国网湖南省电力有限公司 | Arc photosensor self checking method and device, arc protection equipment based on triangular wave driving source |
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| US6072283A (en) * | 1997-02-21 | 2000-06-06 | Transformateurs Transfab Inc. | Micro-controller-operated high intensity discharge lamp ballast system and method |
| CN1794893A (en) * | 2004-12-20 | 2006-06-28 | 东芝照明技术株式会社 | Discharge lamp lighting device and lighting system |
| WO2008117673A1 (en) * | 2007-03-27 | 2008-10-02 | Panasonic Electric Works Co., Ltd. | Electric discharge lamp operating device, lighting equipment and lighting system |
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| US6072283A (en) * | 1997-02-21 | 2000-06-06 | Transformateurs Transfab Inc. | Micro-controller-operated high intensity discharge lamp ballast system and method |
| CN1794893A (en) * | 2004-12-20 | 2006-06-28 | 东芝照明技术株式会社 | Discharge lamp lighting device and lighting system |
| WO2008117673A1 (en) * | 2007-03-27 | 2008-10-02 | Panasonic Electric Works Co., Ltd. | Electric discharge lamp operating device, lighting equipment and lighting system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103347356A (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2013-10-09 | 佛山肆强科技有限公司 | HID lamp power supplying method, circuit used by same and working method of circuit |
| CN103347356B (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2016-04-13 | 佛山肆强科技有限公司 | The method of work of HID lamp method of supplying power to and circuit used and this circuit |
| CN109842086A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-06-04 | 国网湖南省电力有限公司 | Arc photosensor self checking method and device, arc protection equipment based on triangular wave driving source |
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