CN101761780B - Gas pipeline leakage detecting and positioning device and method thereof - Google Patents
Gas pipeline leakage detecting and positioning device and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101761780B CN101761780B CN 201010004704 CN201010004704A CN101761780B CN 101761780 B CN101761780 B CN 101761780B CN 201010004704 CN201010004704 CN 201010004704 CN 201010004704 A CN201010004704 A CN 201010004704A CN 101761780 B CN101761780 B CN 101761780B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a gas pipeline leakage detecting and positioning device and a method based on transient model method, which belong to the technical field of failure diagnosis and flow safety security. The detecting device comprises a sensor group, a signal pre-processing device, an I/V plate, a collecting card, a voltage-stabilized power supply, and an operating condition machine; the detecting method includes of establishing a math model for the liquid flowing in the pipe, solving the flow parameters change in the pipe through a computer under a certain boundary condition, and comparing the model calculating values with the true measuring values at the pipe end; when the difference of the true measuring values and calculating values exceeds a certain range, then a leakage can be identified, and the leakage is positioned through a pressure gradient method. The invention provides a leakage detecting method based on the transient model method, and has the advantages of less investment, high sensitivity and good adaptability, and can be used for detecting and positioning gas leakage and leakage point for on-site gas pipeline.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of pipeline leakage testing locating device and detection and location method, especially use the transient model method to carry out gas pipe line Leak Detection and location, belong to fault diagnosis and mobile safety guarantee technical field.
Background technology:
The gas pipeline leakage detection method roughly is divided three classes: detection method in one type of pipe that is based on logical playing skill arts such as magnetic flux, eddy current, shooting is called the pipeline machine (Pig) of creeping.This method accurate positioning, but higher to the pipeline conditional request is stopped up during actual the use, accident such as stoppage in transit and can't onlinely detecting easily.Second type of external detection method that is based on operational factors such as line pressure, temperature, flow, vibrations; Use more have difference in flow, pressure differential, suction wave and sonic method; This class methods expense is lower and can continuous on-line detection; But locating accuracy is low, and the failing to report of leakage accident, rate of false alarm are high, and practical applications truly also need be done a large amount of work.The 3rd type of many supplementary meanss that are based on the manual inspection exploitation; As: portable/vehicular is infrared, the laser gas detector; The animals of instrument such as leakage noise detector and specialized training etc., this class methods labour intensity is big and can not realize that continuous real-time online detects.
Evaluation index through a large amount of investigations and the main leakage detection method of analysis-by-synthesis can draw:
| Detection method | Sensitivity | Bearing accuracy | Detection time | Rate of false alarm | Practicality | Reliability | Cost performance |
| Intelligence is climbed machine in the pipe | High | High | Longer | Lower | Relatively poor | Higher | Medium |
| Quality or volumetric balance method | Difference | Difference | Shorter | The highest | Relatively poor | Relatively poor | Low |
| Gas imaging | High | Medium | Longer | High | Relatively poor | Medium | Low |
| GPR | High | High | Short | High | Relatively poor | Medium | Low |
| Pressure gradient method | Higher | Medium | Shorter | Medium | Medium | Medium | Medium |
| Negative pressure wave method | Higher | Higher | Shorter | High | Relatively poor | Relatively poor | Medium |
| Based on neural net method | High | High | Medium | Medium | Medium | Relatively poor | Low |
| Statistic decision method | Higher | Higher | Medium | Low | Medium | Medium | Medium |
| The transient model method | Higher | Higher | Long | Medium | Better | Higher | Medium |
| Optical fiber sensing technology | Higher | High | Shorter | Medium | Better | Higher | Medium |
| The sound wave detection method | High | High | Very short | Low | Better | Higher | Medium |
Can find out that from last table transient model method, distribution type fiber-optic method and sound wave detection method are reasonable leak detection technologies.Wherein, the distribution type fiber-optic method needs installation data transmission and Fibre Optical Sensor and supporting software systems, invest very high, and construction maintenance inconvenience, the optical fiber shock sensor belongs to precision electronic device, accuracy requires high, degree of accuracy directly influences the detection effect; The transmission of sound wave detection method installation data and sound wave sensor and supporting software systems, investment can be very high, and be subject to external environment noise interference, demanding filter effect.And the transient model method has the following advantages: 1. can utilize existing SCADA or DCS system to carry out data acquisition, need not to increase other investment.Dynamic perfromances such as flow that 2. can convection cell, temperature and pressure are set up mathematical model, consider the characteristics such as viscosity and density of physical characteristics such as pipe range, diameter and wall thickness and the pumped (conveying) medium of pipeline.3. can detect normal pipeline filling and stress-relief process through volume compensation.In the process that pipeline starts and stops failing, also can use.4. highly sensitive, can detect leakage less than 1%, adaptive faculty is strong.
So the present invention selects to use the transient model method to carry out the design of gas pipe line Leak Detection.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide the device and the detection and location method of a kind of gas pipe line Leak Detection and leakage point location.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
Main hardware based on the device of the gas pipe line Leak Detection of transient model and leakage point location comprises sensor groups, signal pre-process equipment, I/V plate, capture card, stabilized voltage supply, operating mode machine.Sensor groups is made up of pressure unit, flow transmitter and temperature transmitter; Be connected the terminus that will carry out the Leak Detection pipeline section; Directly the gas with the pipeline the inside contacts; Signal pre-process equipment is positioned near the signal source, and the I/V plate is positioned near the operating mode machine, and links to each other with capture card on being inserted in operating mode machine mainboard.The pressure that the pipeline section terminus need be gathered, flow and temperature; Be transformed into electric signal through sensor groups, after pass to signal pre-process equipment (what have is together integrated with sensor), carry out signal condition; Be transferred on the I/V plate that links to each other with the operating mode machine through shielding line then; The I/V plate converts 4～20 milliamperes of current signals into 1～5 volt of voltage signal, then by the capture card collection, data is passed to carry out display process on the operating mode machine; Data acquisition program in the operating mode machine is write with configuration software, and stabilized voltage supply provides each instrument and meter needed DC voltage.
Based on the Leak Detection of transient model and the method for location is that the gas in the gas pipe line is set up strict mathematics model; And use fast transient numerical simulation technology that Nonlinear System of Equations is carried out numerical solution based on method of characteristic; Be the basis with actual terminus pressure and the data on flows that records; Obtain gas flow parameter (flow, pressure and temperature) in time with the variation relation of length of pipeline; Start, end flow with pipeline start, end flow that calculates and the actual measurement of pipeline sensor compares then; Through difference is between the two leaked judgement with the method that the leakage judgment threshold compares, adopt pressure gradient that leakage point is positioned simultaneously, concrete steps are following:
(1) sets up the gas pipe line transient simulation system of equations of forming by fluid mobile continuity equation, the equation of motion, energy equation and the equation of gas state.Because system of equations is non-linear, need to adopt method of characteristic to find the solution, obtain the relational expression of pipeline flow along the line, pressure and time, distance, and then draw the pipeline pressure in arbitrary moment of each point along the line, flow rate calculation value.
(2) with the pipeline leakage floor data as the basis, adopt the method for pressure and the parametric statistics of flow signal waveform character to obtain leaking judgment threshold, specifically implementation is:
1. calculate letter pressure flow waveform character statistical parameter
A. average amplitude distance;
B. root-mean-square distance;
C. slope mean distance.
2. confirm waveform configuration statistics criterion
Waveform configuration statistics criterion is the linear combination of above-mentioned three distances, and wherein, the weights of each distance are confirmed through test according to the importance degree that detects requirement and 3 distances, changed the size that they can change threshold value.
(3) flow (pressure) difference that calculates the actual measurement of pipeline start, end and simulate; And the method that adopts signal waveform characterisitic parameter statistics calculates the parametric statistics value of this difference; And with leak judgment threshold and compare; When the parametric statistics value when leaking judgment threshold, just think leakage taken place, and send the leakage alarm signal.
Situation about (4) flowing for transient state adopts pressure gradient method to carry out leakage positioning.The ultimate principle of pressure gradient method is: as boundary condition, can simulate a pressure history that pipeline is along the line with the starting point pressure of field measurement and data on flows; Same terminal pressure with field measurement, data on flows also can simulate a pressure history that pipeline is along the line as boundary condition, and these two pressure histories will have an intersection point, and this intersection point is exactly the leakage point of pipeline theoretically.
Leak Detection and positioning software system based on transient model adopt programming language to write, and program can integrate with data acquisition program.When capture card was digital signal with analog signal conversion, the capture program image data was carried out real-time demonstration, the preservation of data, forwards data to Leak Detection and finder module simultaneously, carries out Leak Detection and location.
The technical indicator that the present invention reaches is: through a large amount of tests and analysis; Measuring accuracy at pressure transducer is 0.25%; The flow metering precision is under 0.15% condition, and is following based on the key technical indexes of the leak detection system of modelling: rate of false alarm≤5%, rate of failing to report are zero; The minimum detectable ability is 1% of a total flow; The bearing accuracy that detects leaves in 0.1% at two transducer spacings; The response time of detecting is in 3 minutes; Take place back 5 minute in leakage positioning time.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: find the solution gas flow parameter in the pipeline through setting up the gas flow equation group that matches with real gas; And used the method for signal waveform parameter attribute statistics that the characteristic of signal is added up to confirm to leak judgment threshold; Improve effectively and leak the sensitivity of judging; Reduce to leak the rate of false alarm of judgement simultaneously, can be used for the Leak Detection and the leakage point location of on-the-spot natural gas line.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is gas pipe line Leak Detection and the locating device that the present invention is based on transient model.
Fig. 2 is Leak Detection and the localization method synoptic diagram that the present invention is based on transient model.
Fig. 3 is a Leak Detection algorithm block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is pressure gradient method positioning principle figure of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is Leak Detection and the finder process flow diagram that the present invention is based on transient model.
Among Fig. 1: 1a-pressure unit, 1b-pressure unit, 2a-flow transmitter, 2b-flow transmitter; The 3a-temperature transmitter, 3b-temperature transmitter, 4a-signal pre-process equipment; 4b-signal pre-process equipment, 5a-I/V plate, 5b-I/V plate; 6-is with the operating mode machine of inner capture card, 7-stabilized voltage supply, 8-shielding line.
Embodiment:
For making the object of the invention, technical scheme more clear, the present invention is done further explain with reference to accompanying drawing.
Shown in accompanying drawing 1, a kind of based on the gas pipe line Leak Detection of transient model and the device of leakage point location, comprise sensor groups, signal pre-process equipment 4, I/V plate 5, operating mode machine 6, stabilized voltage supply 7 and shielding line 8 with inner capture card.Sensor groups is made up of two pressure unit 1a and 1b, two flow transmitter 2a and 2b and two temperature transmitter 3a and 3b; Be connected to the terminus that will carry out the pipeline section of Leak Detection; Directly the gas with the pipeline the inside contacts; Two signal pre-process equipment 4a and 4b are positioned near the signal source, and two I/ V plate 5a and 5b are positioned near the operating mode machine, and link to each other with capture card on being inserted in operating mode machine 6 mainboards; Stabilized voltage supply 7 links to each other with two I/ V plate 5a, 5b, for each instrument and meter provides needed DC voltage.Pressure unit, flow transmitter and temperature transmitter adopt the output of 4-20mA electric current; Range is relevant with the ducted gas medium of detect; General signal pre-process equipment is integrated in the transmitter by producer, can not buy the pre-process equipment that matees with sensor groups separately if having.I/V plate and capture card 6 together use American National instrument company product; This can bring convenience when adopting LabView establishment signals collecting program; According to the signal way of gathering, select suitable I/V plate and capture card, the input of 6 tunnel simulating signals is arranged among the present invention; Can adopt model is the data collecting card of PCI-6229M, and this card contains 32 tunnel 16 analog input channel (250kS/s), 4 tunnel 16 simulation outputs (833kS/s), 48 way word I/O and 2 32 counting/timers.The I/V plate is chosen the CB-68LP type that is complementary with capture card.Stabilized voltage supply 7 needs to adopt has constant voltage, the direct supply of constant current output; Adopt GW INSTEK GPS-3303C type stabilized voltage supply in the accompanying drawing 1; Shielding line 8 can be bribed two lines or the three-way shielding line of usefulness according to the sensor groups of buying, and operating mode machine 6 adopts present common configuration to get final product.
The pressure that the pipeline section terminus need be gathered, flow and temperature are transformed into electric signal through sensor groups, after pass to signal pre-process equipment; Carry out signal condition; Be transferred on the I/V plate that links to each other with the operating mode machine through shielding line 8 then, the I/V plate converts 4-20 milliampere current signal into 1-5 volt voltage signal, then by the capture card collection; Data are passed to carry out display process on the operating mode machine 6, the data acquisition program in the operating mode machine is used the LabView language.LabView has strong functions aspect signals collecting, transmission and the processing; Simple and easy to use; Can be system development and save great amount of manpower and time, utilize it can realize following systemic-function: remote monitoring, data preservation, sound and light alarm, historical data playback, parameter setting, administration authority etc.
Fig. 2 is a kind of Leak Detection and localization method synoptic diagram based on transient model; Among the figure; PMT is pressure, flow, temperature sensor; RTU is a RTU, gathers pressure, flow and temperature signal and is saved in the SCADA database at the pipeline section two ends that will carry out Leak Detection, with the input of the data of gathering as pipeline model.The strict mathematics model that continuity equation, the equation of motion, energy equation and the equation of gas state that pipeline model is flowed by fluid formed; System of equations is non-linear; Need to adopt method of characteristic to find the solution; Draw the relational expression of pipeline flow along the line, pressure and time, distance according to the input data, and then draw the pipeline pressure in arbitrary moment of each point along the line, flow rate calculation value.The data of actual acquisition and the calculated value of pipeline model are compared analysis and processing, then the result is fed back to SCADA, handle.The comparative analysis of actual acquired data and pipeline model calculated value and processing comprise Leak Detection and leakage positioning.
Fig. 3 is the Leak Detection algorithm block diagram, and the terminus data that calculate with the pipeline terminus data of actual measurement with through pipeline model are poor, asks for the signal waveform characteristic statistics parameter (average amplitude distance, root-mean-square distance, slope mean distance) of making the data sequence after the difference then; Definition waveform configuration statistics criterion is the linear combination of above-mentioned three distances; Wherein, the weights of each distance are confirmed through test according to the importance degree that detects requirement and 3 distances, when confirming that generation is not leaked; The waveform configuration statistics criterion that draws is the leakage judgment threshold; Can change the size of threshold value through the linear combination weights that change three distances, in usual Leak Detection, the waveform configuration statistics criterion that draws is the parametric statistics value; Parametric statistics value and leakage judgment threshold are compared; When the parametric statistics value when leaking judgment threshold, just think leakage taken place, and send the leakage alarm signal.
Fig. 4 is pressure gradient method positioning principle figure; Curve 1 is the pressure curve along the line of the actual measurement of pipeline when leaking; Curve 2 is the pipeline pressure histories along the line that simulate as boundary condition with starting point pressure, flow, the temperature of surveying; Curve 3 is the pipeline pressure histories along the line that simulate as boundary condition with terminal pressure, flow, the temperature of surveying, and curve 2 will have an intersection point with curve 3, and this intersection point is exactly the leakage point of pipeline theoretically.
Fig. 5 is based on the Leak Detection and the finder process flow diagram of transient model, is the subsequent treatment part after signal is gathered by hardware components, mainly in the operating mode machine, realizes, comprises data acquisition program and Leak Detection and finder two parts.Data acquisition program is undertaken the task that digital signal that capture card is gathered shows, stores and send on the operating mode machine, by the LabView language; Leak Detection and finder are the major parts of data processing, are made up of modules such as leaking judgement, leakage positioning and historical data playback.Leak judgment method is shown in accompanying drawing 3, and leakage locating method is shown in accompanying drawing 4, and the historical data playback is that former data by data acquisition program or Leak Detection and finder preservation are shown on the operating mode machine again, supplies to check pipeline running status in the past.
Claims (2)
1. gas pipe line Leak Detection and locating device based on a transient model method; Comprise sensor groups, signal pre-process equipment, I/V plate, capture card, stabilized voltage supply, operating mode machine; It is characterized in that: sensor groups is made up of pressure unit, flow transmitter and temperature transmitter; Be connected the terminus that will carry out the Leak Detection pipeline section, directly the gas with the pipeline the inside contacts, and signal pre-process equipment is positioned near the signal source; The I/V plate is positioned near the operating mode machine, and links to each other with capture card on being inserted in operating mode machine mainboard; The pressure that the pipeline section terminus need be gathered, flow and temperature; Be transformed into electric signal through sensor groups, after pass to signal pre-process equipment, carry out signal condition; Be transferred on the I/V plate that links to each other with the operating mode machine through shielding line then; The I/V plate converts 4-20 milliampere current signal into 1-5 volt voltage signal, then by the capture card collection, data is passed to carry out display process on the operating mode machine; Data acquisition program in the operating mode machine is write with configuration software, and stabilized voltage supply provides each instrument and meter needed DC voltage.
2. one kind based on the gas pipe line Leak Detection of transient model method and the method for location; Its characteristic is being: the gas in the gas pipe line is set up strict mathematics model; The use characteristic collimation method is found the solution its Nonlinear System of Equations; Be the basis with actual terminus pressure and the data on flows that records; The flow, pressure and temperature parameter that obtains gas in time with the variation relation of length of pipeline, the start, end flow with pipeline start, end flow that calculates and pipeline actual measurement compares then, through between the two difference with leak the method that judgment threshold compares and leak judgement; Adopt pressure gradient that leakage point is positioned simultaneously, concrete steps are following:
(1) sets up the gas pipe line transient simulation system of equations of forming by fluid mobile continuity equation, the equation of motion, energy equation and the equation of gas state; Because system of equations is non-linear; Need to adopt method of characteristic to find the solution; Obtain the relational expression of pipeline flow along the line, pressure and time, distance, and then draw the pipeline pressure in arbitrary moment of each point along the line, flow rate calculation value;
(2) with the pipeline leakage floor data as the basis, adopt the method for pressure and the parametric statistics of flow signal waveform character to obtain leaking judgment threshold, specifically implementation is:
1. calculate letter pressure flow waveform character statistical parameter
A. average amplitude distance;
B. root-mean-square distance;
C. slope mean distance;
2. confirm waveform configuration statistics criterion
Waveform configuration statistics criterion is the linear combination of above-mentioned three distances, and wherein, the weights of each distance are confirmed through test according to the importance degree that detects requirement and 3 distances, changed the size that they can change threshold value;
(3) flow or the pressure difference value that calculate the actual measurement of pipeline start, end and simulate; And the method that adopts signal waveform characterisitic parameter statistics calculates the parametric statistics value of this difference; Compare with the leakage judgment threshold; When the parametric statistics value when leaking judgment threshold, just think leakage taken place, and send the leakage alarm signal;
Situation about (4) flowing for transient state adopts pressure gradient method to carry out leakage positioning, the ultimate principle of pressure gradient method be with the starting point pressure of field measurement and data on flows as boundary condition, can simulate a pressure history that pipeline is along the line; Equally, as boundary condition, also can simulate a pressure history that pipeline is along the line with the terminal pressure of field measurement, data on flows, these two pressure histories will have an intersection point, and this intersection point is exactly the leakage point of pipeline theoretically.
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