CN101626355A - Calibration device and calibration method of multi-input multi-output (MIMO) terminal - Google Patents
Calibration device and calibration method of multi-input multi-output (MIMO) terminal Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a calibration device and a calibration method of a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) terminal. The calibration device comprises a second antenna port, a feedback module, a radio frequency receiving module, a comparison module, a distortion degree determination module and a predistortion treatment module, wherein the feedback module is used for feeding back an output signal of a radio frequency emission module to the second antenna port; the radio frequency receiving module is used for obtaining a digitized feedback signal; the comparison module is used for comparing the feedback signal with an input signal and determining whether a power amplifier works in a nonlinear area or not according to a comparison result; the distortion degree determination module is used for determining the distortion degree of the feedback signal when the power amplifier works in the nonlinear area; and the predistortion treatment module is used for adjusting a predistortion coefficient according to the distortion degree when the power amplifier works in the nonlinear area so as to obtain a calibrated predistortion coefficient. The calibration device can be utilized to calibrate a predistortion coefficient lookup table so as to ensure that the MIMO terminal can carry out predistortion treatment by utilizing the calibrated predistortion coefficient lookup table in a working process so as to improve the linear performance of the power amplifier.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to moving communicating field, particularly relate to a kind of multiple-input and multiple-output (Multiple-InputMultiple-Output, MIMO) calibrating installation of terminal and calibration steps.
Background technology
At moving communicating field, 3GPP Long Term Evolution LTE technology is being represented the direction of the follow-up evolution of 3G because of it, and is subjected to paying close attention to widely.LTE requires power amplifier to realize high linearisation on wideer frequency band to the support of variable channel bandwidth, and the application of OFDM technology in LTE also can improve the peak-to-average force ratio of whole system greatly, these all the linearity of pair amplifier have higher requirement.In addition, the modulation systems of using among the LTE such as 64QAM also all have higher requirement to the system linearity degree.From above analysis, we can find to improve as much as possible the system linearity degree in the design of LTE system be very significant.
In the prior art, realize that the linearizing method of radio-frequency (RF) power amplification is a lot, common has following three kinds: back-off method, feed forward approach and pre-distortion method.
It is the efficient and the linearity that the back-off method has been introduced a pair of paradox, must find a suitable balance point by between, it is equivalent to that the bigger pipe of power is made low power tube and uses, the efficient of sacrificing power amplifier improves the linearity, the efficient of power amplifier greatly reduces, it has certain limitation in addition, when back-off arrives to a certain degree, continues rollback and will no longer improve the linearity of amplifier.
When feed forward approach is used for the output calibration, because the power level of output signal is bigger, come calibrating signal is amplified with regard to introducing a better power amplifier of the linearity like this, otherwise calibrate just nonsensical, need obtain accurate amplitude, phase place and time delay coupling in addition, otherwise just can not offset fully, introduce error.
The essence of pre-distortion method is exactly to increase a nonlinear circuit non-linear with compensating power amplifier before power amplifier, and base band predistortion can be realized with digital circuit because operating frequency is low, be a focus of current research.Digital predistorter is made up of a vector gain adjuster, it can be according to look-up table (LUT, Look-Up-Table) content is come the amplitude and the phase place of control input signals, and and then control predistortion size, a thereby nonlinear characteristic opposite with power amplifier is provided, so that the difference minimum of input signal and power amplifier output signal.There is not stability problem in digital predistorter, wideer signal band is arranged, can handles the signal that contains multicarrier.But, the inventor finds in realizing process of the present invention, pre-distortion technology is difficult to be applied to early stage portable terminal, and one of them major reason is to use pre-distortion technology in early days the portable terminal need add an extra receiver, and this has increased the cost of terminal.
Summary of the invention
The calibrating installation and the calibration steps that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of multi-input multi-output (MIMO) terminal utilize pre-distortion technology to improve the technical problem of system linearity performance in portable terminal to solve.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of calibrating installation of multi-input multi-output (MIMO) terminal, described multiple-input and multiple-output MIMO terminal comprises: first antenna opening, and the radiofrequency emitting module that is connected with described first antenna opening, described radiofrequency emitting module comprises power amplifier, wherein, described MIMO terminal also comprises:
The pre-distortion module, be connected with the input of described radiofrequency emitting module, be used for when described MIMO terminal is in the course of work and described power amplifier and is operated in nonlinear area, before described input signal is imported described radiofrequency emitting module, from default pre-distortion coefficients look-up table, obtain and the corresponding pre-distortion coefficients of described power amplifier current output power, and described input signal is carried out pre-distortion according to the described pre-distortion coefficients of obtaining; Described pre-distortion coefficients look-up table comprises: the power output of described power amplifier and the corresponding relation between the pre-distortion coefficients;
Described calibrating installation is used for obtaining the pre-distortion coefficients look-up table of calibration before described MIMO terminal works, comprising:
Second antenna opening;
Feedback module is used for the radiofrequency signal of described radiofrequency emitting module output is fed back to described second antenna opening by described first antenna opening;
Receiver Module is used for the described signal that feeds back to described second antenna opening is carried out down-conversion and analog-to-digital conversion, obtains the digitized feedback signal of described radiofrequency emitting module output radiofrequency signal;
Comparison module is used for the feedback signal of more described Receiver Module output and the input signal of described pre-distortion module, and determines according to result relatively whether described power amplifier is operated in nonlinear area;
Distortion size determination module is used for when described power amplifier is operated in nonlinear area, determines the distortion size of described feedback signal with respect to the input signal of described pre-distortion module;
Described pre-distortion module, be further used for when described power amplifier is operated in nonlinear area, according to the distortion size that described distortion size determination module is determined, adjust described pre-distortion coefficients, until obtaining making the calibration pre-distortion coefficients of described distortion size in default distortion range.
Preferably, described calibrating installation, wherein, the power output of the described power amplifier in the described pre-distortion coefficients look-up table and the corresponding relation between the described pre-distortion coefficients are:
The value of the power control word APC of described MIMO terminal and the corresponding relation between the described pre-distortion coefficients.
Preferably, described calibrating installation, wherein, described pre-distortion coefficients comprises: the phase adjusted coefficient of described power amplifier and at least one in the accommodation coefficient of gain.
Preferably, described calibrating installation, wherein, described second antenna opening is in a plurality of antenna opening of comprising of described MIMO terminal, other antenna opening except that described first antenna opening; Described Receiver Module is and the corresponding Receiver Module of described second antenna opening.
Preferably, described calibrating installation, wherein,
Described feedback module comprises:
The merit sub-module is connected with described first antenna opening, is used for the radiofrequency signal of described radiofrequency emitting module output is divided into two same signals;
Power conditioning module is used for receiving a road of described two-way same signal, one road signal of described reception is carried out power adjustments, and the signal after the described adjusting is imported described Receiver Module;
Described distortion size determination module is imported on another road in the described two paths of signals.
Preferably, described calibrating installation, wherein, described distortion size determination module passes through to analyze the value of the adjacent channel power of described feedback signal than ACPR, determines the distortion size of described feedback signal.
On the other hand, provide a kind of calibration steps of multi-input multi-output (MIMO) terminal, described multiple-input and multiple-output MIMO terminal comprises: first antenna opening, and the radiofrequency emitting module that is connected with described first antenna opening, described radiofrequency emitting module comprises power amplifier, wherein
Described MIMO terminal also comprises:
Second antenna opening;
The Receiver Module that is connected with described second antenna opening;
The pre-distortion module, be connected with the input of described radiofrequency emitting module, be used for when described MIMO terminal is in the course of work and described power amplifier and is operated in nonlinear area, before described input signal is imported described radiofrequency emitting module, from default pre-distortion coefficients look-up table, obtain and the corresponding pre-distortion coefficients of described power amplifier current output power, and described input signal is carried out pre-distortion according to the described pre-distortion coefficients of obtaining; Described pre-distortion coefficients look-up table comprises: the power output of described power amplifier and the corresponding relation between the pre-distortion coefficients;
Described calibration steps is used for before described MIMO terminal works described pre-distortion coefficients look-up table being calibrated, and described calibration steps comprises the steps:
Steps A, the radiofrequency signal of described radiofrequency emitting module output is fed back to described second antenna opening by described first antenna opening, and the described signal that feeds back to described second antenna opening is carried out down-conversion and analog-to-digital conversion by described Receiver Module, obtain the digitized feedback signal that described radiofrequency emitting module transmits;
Step B, the input signal of more described feedback signal and described pre-distortion module, if described power amplifier is operated in nonlinear area, then adjust described pre-distortion coefficients, until obtaining making distortion size the calibration pre-distortion coefficients preset range in of described feedback signal, preserve the power output and the calibration pre-distortion coefficients corresponding of described power amplifier with described power output with respect to the input signal of described pre-distortion module.
Preferably, described calibration steps, wherein, the power output of the described power amplifier in the described pre-distortion coefficients look-up table and the corresponding relation between the described pre-distortion coefficients are:
The value of the power control word APC of described MIMO terminal and the corresponding relation between the described pre-distortion coefficients;
Among the described step B, the power output of the described power amplifier of described preservation and the calibration pre-distortion coefficients corresponding with described power output are:
Preserve the value of the power control word APC corresponding and corresponding calibration pre-distortion coefficients with the power output of described power amplifier.
Preferably, described calibration steps, wherein, among the described step B, adjacent channel power by judging described feedback signal than the value of ACPR whether in default scope, determine described feedback signal with respect to the distortion size of the input signal of described pre-distortion module whether in the scope of presetting.
Preferably, described calibration steps wherein, also comprises before the described steps A: the step that the radiofrequency signal of described radiofrequency emitting module output is divided into identical two-way;
Described second antenna opening of leading up in the described two-way feeds back to described Receiver Module, and another road in the described two-way is used for determining the distortion size of described feedback signal.
Preferably, described calibration steps, wherein, described step B also comprises:
Adjust the output power range of described power amplifier, with in the non-linear power output zone that obtains described power amplifier, calibration pre-distortion coefficients that different output power point is corresponding, and utilize the corresponding calibration pre-distortion coefficients of described different output power point to generate the pre-distortion coefficients look-up table of calibrating.
Preferably, described calibration steps, wherein, the value of the power control word APC by adjusting described MIMO terminal is adjusted the output power range of described power amplifier.
Preferably, described calibration steps wherein, behind the pre-distortion coefficients look-up table that generates described calibration, in the course of work of described MIMO terminal, also comprises:
Step a obtains the power output of described power amplifier;
Step b, when described power amplifier is operated in nonlinear area, described pre-distortion module is according to the power output of described power amplifier, from the pre-distortion coefficients look-up table of described calibration, obtain and the corresponding pre-distortion coefficients of described power amplifier current output power, and the input signal of described pre-distortion module is carried out pre-distortion, and the signal after the described pre-distortion is imported described radiofrequency emitting module launch according to the described pre-distortion coefficients of obtaining.
A technical scheme in the technique scheme has following technique effect:
By the pre-distortion module is set in the MIMO terminal, and the pre-distortion coefficients in the pre-distortion coefficients look-up table that before the MIMO terminal works pre-distortion module is used is calibrated, when power amplifier is operated in nonlinear area, before baseband signal input radio frequency transmitter module, from the pre-distortion coefficients look-up table of calibration, obtain and the corresponding pre-distortion coefficients of power amplifier current output power, and according to the pre-distortion coefficients of obtaining to the input baseband signal carry out pre-distortion, can improve the linear properties of power amplifier, thereby improved the linear properties of MIMO terminal system, satisfied the requirement of LTE the power amplifier high linearity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the MIMO terminal of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of calibrating installation of the MIMO terminal of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is a principle schematic of utilizing the calibrating installation of the embodiment of the invention that the MIMO terminal of the embodiment of the invention is calibrated;
Fig. 4 is the schematic flow sheet of calibration steps of the MIMO terminal of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is after utilizing the calibration steps of the embodiment of the invention to generate the pre-distortion coefficients look-up table LUT of calibration, the schematic flow sheet of MIMO terminal RF transmission method in the course of the work;
Fig. 6 is the operation principle schematic diagram that the LUT after the MIMO terminal utilization calibration carries out radio-frequency transmissions.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, describe the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
The inventor finds multiple-input and multiple-output in realizing process of the present invention (Multiple-InputMultiple-Output, MIMO) technology is applied in LTE as a key technology.The MIMO technology has lot of advantages: can be under the situation that does not increase channel width, and the capacity of increase system at double, thus effectively improved the availability of frequency spectrum of system; Can also improve the quality of signal transmission by diversity.The inventor has developed another application of MIMO in the present invention, based on a kind of method of improving radio frequency sender linear properties of MIMO technology proposition.The inventor finds in realizing process of the present invention: for early stage portable terminal, the major reason that pre-distortion technology is difficult to be applied is that it need add an extra receiver, this has increased the cost of terminal, and in the MIMO multiaerial system, not needing to add in addition receiver, this just provides possibility for the application of predistortion.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the MIMO terminal of the embodiment of the invention.As Fig. 1, this MIMO terminal comprises:
Exemplarily, because the MIMO terminal can be according to automated power control word (the AutomaticPower Control that stores in advance, APC) value is determined the transmitting power of radiofrequency emitting module, and and then obtain the output power value of power amplifier, be the power output that the value of APC can the indicated horsepower amplifier, so the value of the power control word APC that the power output of the power amplifier in the pre-distortion coefficients look-up table and the corresponding relation between the pre-distortion coefficients can be by the MIMO terminals and the corresponding relation between the described pre-distortion coefficients are represented.
Preferably, when what store among the pre-distortion coefficients look-up table LUT be: when the value of APC and the corresponding relation between the pre-distortion coefficients, the pre-distortion module is when carrying out pre-distortion, obtain the value of APC, and from LUT, find out the pre-distortion coefficients corresponding and carry out pre-distortion with the value of the APC that obtains.
Embodiments of the invention provide a kind of MIMO terminal that is provided with the pre-distortion module, the MIMO terminal of this embodiment, in the course of the work, by obtaining the power output of power amplifier, when power amplifier is operated in nonlinear area, by searching default pre-distortion coefficients look-up table LUT, determine and the corresponding pre-distortion coefficients of current power amplifier power output, come the input signal of input pre-distortion module is carried out pre-distortion, can improve the linear properties of power amplifier, and then improve the linear properties of this mimo system radiofrequency emitting module such as radio frequency sender.Wherein, the value of the APC that the power output of current power amplifier can be by obtaining the MIMO terminal obtains.
Preferably, the pre-distortion coefficients look-up table stores is in the memory module of MIMO terminal.
Preferably, the pre-distortion coefficients of storing in the pre-distortion coefficients look-up table comprises: the phase adjusted coefficient of power amplifier and at least one in the accommodation coefficient of gain.Exemplarily, the pre-distortion coefficients look-up table comprises two bivariate tables: phase adjusted coefficient-wattmeter and accommodation coefficient of gain-wattmeter.In MIMO terminal works process, be phase distortion or gain distortions according to the output of power amplifier, select respective phase adjustment factor and/or accommodation coefficient of gain to come input signal is carried out pre-distortion.
Exemplarily, in specific implementation, the pre-distortion module of the embodiment of the invention can be utilized existing multiple predistorter, realizes as multiple digital baseband predistorter.The pre-distortion module comprises: by the vector gain adjuster of FIR filter realization.The vector gain adjuster is adjusted the distortion size of phase of input signals and/or gain by the FIR coefficient of revising the FIR filter.
Preferably, the pre-distortion coefficients in the pre-distortion coefficients look-up table in the MIMO terminal of the embodiment of the invention is the pre-distortion coefficients look-up table through calibration.Exemplarily, the LUT of this calibration obtains by the calibration process of separating with the course of work of MIMO terminal.Concrete, as can being that calibration is got well the MIMO terminal is dispatched from the factory before.
Because the MIMO terminal has many antennas, when the LUT to the MIMO of the embodiment of the invention calibrates, can utilize an antenna of MIMO terminal to carry out radio-frequency transmissions, and the antenna opening by this transmitting antenna, and utilize the antenna opening of another antenna and corresponding radio-frequency transmitter to obtain the feedback signal of the radiofrequency signal of radio frequency sending set output easily, thereby can make things convenient for, accurately realize calibration to LUT.
Fig. 2 shows the structural representation that is used for the calibrating installation that the pre-distortion coefficients look-up table LUT to the MIMO terminal of the embodiment of the invention calibrates.The calibrating installation of the embodiment of the invention is used for before the MIMO terminal works, obtains the pre-distortion coefficients look-up table of setting, and the predistortion of its setting is searched coefficient table calibrate.Among Fig. 2, show the annexation of calibrating installation and MIMO terminal simultaneously.As Fig. 2, this calibrating installation comprises: second antenna opening 201; Feedback module 202 is used for the radiofrequency signal of radiofrequency emitting module output is fed back to second antenna opening by first antenna opening; Receiver Module 203, be connected with second antenna opening, be used to receive the signal that feeds back to described second antenna opening, the signal of described reception is carried out down-conversion and analog-to-digital conversion, obtain the digitized feedback signal of the radiofrequency signal of described radiofrequency emitting module output; Comparison module 204 is used for the feedback signal of comparison Receiver Module output and the input signal of pre-distortion module, and determines according to result relatively whether described power amplifier is operated in nonlinear area; Distortion size determination module 205 is used for when described power amplifier is operated in nonlinear area, determines the distortion size of described feedback signal with respect to the input signal of described pre-distortion module; Above-mentioned pre-distortion module, be further used for when power amplifier is operated in nonlinear area, according to the definite distortion size of described distortion size determination module, adjust pre-distortion coefficients, until the calibration pre-distortion coefficients of distortion size in default distortion range that obtains making described feedback signal, and the power output and the calibration pre-distortion coefficients corresponding with the power output of described power amplifier of preserving described power amplifier, to generate the pre-distortion coefficients look-up table of calibration.
Should be understood that, since two antennas of MIMO terminal from very near, belong to the near field, an antenna can not obtain signal from the antenna adjacent with it, so when the calibrating installation that utilizes the embodiment of the invention was calibrated, the radiofrequency signal of feedback was that the antenna opening of never buckling before the antenna is that antenna port obtains.
Preferably, the power output of above-mentioned preservation power amplifier and the calibration pre-distortion coefficients corresponding with described power output are: the value of the power control word APC that preservation and the power output of described power amplifier are corresponding and corresponding calibration pre-distortion coefficients.
The calibrating installation of the embodiment of the invention utilizes many antennas characteristics of MIMO terminal accurately to obtain the feedback signal of radio frequency transmissions, to calibrate.Preferably, in the antenna opening of a plurality of antennas that above-mentioned second antenna opening comprises for the MIMO terminal, other antenna opening except that described first antenna opening; Above-mentioned state Receiver Module be in the MIMO terminal with the corresponding radio-frequency transmitter of above-mentioned second antenna opening.
Preferably, above-mentioned comparison module can utilize existing multiple signal comparator to realize.Exemplarily, above-mentioned comparison module can determine whether power amplifier is operated in the linear zone by the signal difference between the input signal of judging feedback signal and pre-distortion module whether less than preset threshold value; Wherein, when described signal difference during, determine that power amplifier is operated in the range of linearity less than preset threshold value; Otherwise, be operated in nonlinear area.
Fig. 3 is a principle schematic of utilizing calibrating installation shown in Figure 2 that the MIMO terminal of the embodiment of the invention is calibrated.As Fig. 3, in this routine calibrating installation, feedback module also comprises: the merit sub-module that is connected with first antenna opening, the power regulation module that is connected with the merit sub-module.In this example, distortion size determination module is embodied as spectrum analysis module.The merit sub-module, as power splitter, be used for the output signal of power amplifier is divided into two same signals, the two paths of signals of output, one the tunnel receives power regulation module such as power attenuator, by power regulation module this road signal of its reception is carried out the power adjustment, and with adjusted signal by the second antenna opening input radio frequency receiver module, to feed back to comparison module; Another road signal outputs to spectrum analysis module, as spectrum analyzer, in the process that pre-distortion coefficients is regulated, can come the value of the adjacent channel power of the linearity index of this road signal of observation analysis such as this road signal by spectrum analyzer than ACPR, obtain the linearity index of feedback signal by the linearity index of analyzing this road signal, to the calibration pre-distortion coefficients of the value that finds the ACPR that makes feedback signal in preset range, thereby can determine the distortion size that feedback signal is compared with the input signal of pre-distortion module, and then determine the distortion size that the output signal of power amplifier is compared with the input signal of pre-distortion module.Exemplarily, this spectrum analyzer can be PSA.Exemplarily, above-mentioned attenuation module is adjustable attenuator, is used to Receiver Module that the signal of suitable power bracket is provided.Exemplarily, the operator that can be calibration is by observing the analysis result of spectrum analysis module, come the manual setting pre-distortion coefficients, also can be that spectrum analysis module is imported analysis result the pre-distortion module automatically, adjust pre-distortion coefficients automatically according to the analysis result of input by the pre-distortion module.
As Fig. 3, the signal of input radio frequency transmitter module after the digital-to-analogue conversion of D/A converter module such as D/A converter, carries out up-conversion by modulation module, amplifies output by power amplifier again, exports by first antenna opening.The radiofrequency signal of power amplifier output is behind merit sub-module, power conditioning module, Receiver Module receives this signal by second antenna opening, and with the signal that receives after the analog-to-digital conversion of down-conversion, analog-to-digital conversion module such as the A/D converter of demodulation module, obtain the digitized feedback signal of the radiofrequency signal of radiofrequency emitting module output, and with this feedback signal input comparison module; The input signal of comparison module comparison pre-distortion module and the feedback signal that receives, when judging power amplifier and being operated in nonlinear area, the pre-distortion module is adjusted pre-distortion coefficients, make feedback signal with respect to the distortion size of the input signal of pre-distortion module in default distortion range, calibration pre-distortion coefficients during different output power point in the time of can obtaining power amplifier like this and be operated in nonlinear area, preserve the power output and the calibration pre-distortion coefficients corresponding of described power amplifier, to generate the LUT of calibration with this power output.Utilize the LUT of this calibration, MIMO can carry out pre-distortion to input signal in the course of the work the time more accurately, to improve the linearity of radio frequency sender.
In the specific implementation, in radiofrequency emitting module, also have the front end device that is connected with the output of power amplifier,, whether launch by antenna with the signal of control power amplifier output as switch; In Receiver Module, also have the front end device that is connected with the input of demodulation module,, whether receive and transmit with the control Receiver Module as switch.
Preferably, after the LUT of MIMO terminal calibration was finished, except that second antenna opening and Receiver Module that the MIMO terminal comprises, other module all can uninstall in the calibrating installation.
Preferably, after the LUT of MIMO terminal calibration was finished, in the course of work of MIMO terminal, the feedback point of feedback module disconnects did not work.
Fig. 4 is the schematic flow sheet of calibration steps of the MIMO terminal of the embodiment of the invention, is used for that the LUT to the MIMO terminal calibrates before the MIMO terminal works.Below in conjunction with Fig. 3, Fig. 4 the step of the calibration steps of the embodiment of the invention is described.The calibration steps of this embodiment comprises:
In this step, utilize the characteristics of the many antennas of mimo system, easily power amplifier (POWERAMPLIFIER, PA) another antenna opening acquisition feedback signal of MIMO is launched and passed through to output signal by the antenna opening of MIMO, and the Receiver Module by this another antenna opening correspondence, receive receiver as radio frequency, and carry out down-frequency conversion and analog-to-digital conversion module is that the A/D converter sampling obtains digitized feedback signal by modulation module.
In the process of adjusting, the pre-distortion module utilizes current pre-distortion coefficients that input signal is carried out pre-distortion, judge by spectrum analysis module such as spectrum analyzer whether the value of the ACPR of feedback signal determines whether the distortion size of feedback signal is positioned at default scope in default scope, do not satisfy pre-conditioned promptly not in preset range the time in the distortion size of feedback signal, continue to adjust pre-distortion coefficients, make distortion size the pre-distortion coefficients default distortion range in of described feedback signal until finding, with the pre-distortion coefficients of this pre-distortion coefficients that finds as calibration with respect to the input signal of pre-distortion module.
In this step, compare with the input signal of pre-distortion module by feedback signal, can judge power amplifier and whether be operated in the range of linearity, as the gain linearity zone.Particularly, can utilize prior comparators to carry out above-mentioned comparison.Exemplarily, the difference of input signal that can be set in feedback signal and base band predistortion device determines that power amplifier is operated in the range of linearity during less than predetermined threshold value; Otherwise, determine that power amplifier is operated in nonlinear area.
The pre-distortion module is mainly carried out pre-distortion in the amplifier nonlinearity zone.In this step, if power amplifier is operated in the range of linearity, input signal is not done any pre-distortion, and the value of the power control word APC that stores in advance in the adjustment terminal, adjust the power output of power amplifier by the value of adjusting APC, calibrate with the pre-distortion coefficients of other power output point in the output power range of power amplifier the time; If be operated in nonlinear area, read the APC value, obtain the current transmitting power of radiofrequency emitting module according to the APC value, and and then obtain the power amplifier current output power, regulate pre-distortion coefficients, up to the distortion size of the output signal of power amplifier and pre-distortion module input signal in default scope, exemplarily, regulate pre-distortion coefficients in the scope that the value of the linearity index ACPR of feedback signal is being preset, pre-distortion coefficients after this adjusting is the calibration pre-distortion coefficients under the power amplifier present output power, read this calibration factor, and the calibration pre-distortion coefficients of preservation power amplifier current output power and this power correspondence, exemplarily, can be by preserving the power output that the APC value is indicated above-mentioned PA.In this example, by regulating pre-distortion coefficients, regulate the pre-distortion that the pre-distortion module is carried out input signal, until finding suitable pre-distortion coefficients to make the output signal of power amplifier compare with the input signal of pre-distortion module, distortion is in default scope.Exemplarily, can select to make the pre-distortion coefficients of value minimum of ACPR as the pre-distortion coefficients of calibration.
In this step, the output power range of above-mentioned adjustment power amplifier mainly is a power output of adjusting PA in the nonlinear area of power amplifier.
In this step, the output power range of above-mentioned adjustment power amplifier specifically can be realized by the value of adjusting the APC control word in the nonlinear gain zone of power amplifier branch step-length, whenever adjust to a control word, just adjust pre-distortion coefficients, and judge the size of power amplifier distortion of output signal under present output power by comparator, find the pre-distortion coefficients of linearity index ACPR value in preset range that makes power amplifier output signal, write down this coefficient, at this moment power output can obtain by reading the APC control word, so just found the pre-distortion coefficients corresponding, this power output and corresponding pre-distortion coefficients storage generated the pre-distortion coefficients look-up table of calibrating with this power output.What preferably, preserve in the pre-distortion coefficients look-up table of calibration is the value of APC of MIMO terminal and the corresponding relation between the pre-distortion coefficients.
After generating the pre-distortion coefficients look-up table of above-mentioned calibration, the MIMO terminal in the course of the work, the LUT of the above-mentioned calibration by searching storage carries out preliminary treatment to the input signal of pre-distortion module, can improve the linearity of radio frequency sender.
Preferably, behind the pre-distortion coefficients look-up table that generates calibration, in the course of work of MIMO, when power amplifier is operated in nonlinear area, the pre-distortion module is according to the power output of power amplifier, from the pre-distortion coefficients look-up table of calibration, obtain and the corresponding pre-distortion coefficients of described power amplifier current output power, and the input signal of described pre-distortion module is carried out pre-distortion, and the signal after the described pre-distortion is imported described radiofrequency emitting module launch according to the described pre-distortion coefficients of obtaining.
Fig. 5 is after utilizing the calibration steps of the embodiment of the invention to generate the LUT of calibration, the schematic flow sheet of MIMO terminal RF transmission method in the course of the work.Fig. 6 is the LUT after the MIMO terminal utilization calibration carries out radio-frequency transmissions by first antenna that is arranged on first antenna opening an operation principle schematic diagram.As Fig. 6, the pre-distortion coefficients look-up table LUT that the pre-distortion module is used is the calibration LUT through calibration.In conjunction with Fig. 5, Fig. 6, this RF transmission method comprises:
In this step, when preserve among the LUT be the power output of PA and the corresponding relation between the pre-distortion coefficients time, the MIMO terminal is obtained the transmitting power of radiofrequency emitting module by the value that reads APC, and and then obtain the value of the power output of power amplifier PA, can judge power amplifier according to the power output of this PA and whether be operated in nonlinear area, if be operated in the range of linearity, input signal is not done any processing; If be operated in nonlinear area, read the APC value, and execution in step 502.
In this step, when preserve among the LUT for the corresponding relation between the value of APC and the pre-distortion coefficients time, can be directly judge according to the value of the APC that reads whether PA is operated in the range of linearity.
Particularly, can be in advance in MIMO storage PA by the linear work zone to nonlinear operation the threshold value of power output when regional, when the power output of PA during greater than this threshold value, PA is operated in nonlinear area; In like manner, also can deposit in advance PA by linear work zone to nonlinear operation the threshold value of APC value when regional; When PA current output power during greater than this threshold value, PA is operated in nonlinear area.
Among this embodiment, since store among the LUT be generally PA and be operated in nonlinear area the time power output or the corresponding relation between APC value and the pre-distortion coefficients, so can directly whether be present in usually and judge among the LUT whether PA is operated in nonlinear area by the value of judging current output power or APC, so just can directly in the pre-distortion coefficients look-up table, reach pre-distortion coefficients, come input signal is carried out predistortion according to the power output that obtains or according to the APC value that is read.
Utilize the launching technique of this embodiment to carry out radio-frequency transmissions, can improve MIMO terminal power linearity of amplifier degree.
In concrete the application, can before dispatching from the factory, the MIMO terminal utilize the calibration steps of the embodiment of the invention to carry out the calibration of pre-distortion coefficients, and the MIMO terminal after the calibration utilizes above-mentioned launching technique to carry out radio-frequency transmissions in the course of the work.
In this step, can search the pre-distortion calibration table of storage, carry out pre-distortion to transmitting, obtain a pre-distorted signals opposite with the non-linearity of power amplifier characteristic according to the APC value that reads.
In this step, the input signal of pre-distortion module such as baseband signal are actually two paths of signals I road signal and Q road signal, and the pre-distortion module is handled this two paths of signals when pluralizing.Vector gain adjuster in the pre-distortion module is handled the shape of regulating distortion curve according to the pre-distortion coefficients of correspondence to input signal, exemplarily, regulate the shape of distortion curve as the pre-emphasis method that pre-distortion coefficients and input signal are multiplied each other, thus provide one with the opposite nonlinear characteristic of power amplifier output.
In the range of linearity of power amplifier,, still be linear behind the process power amplifier owing to signal is not carried out any processing; At nonlinear area, non-linear the cancelling out each other that the signal non-linear after pre-distortion just in time produces with power amplifier, thus enlarged the range of linearity of PA output, improved the linearity of radio frequency sending set.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. the calibrating installation of a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) terminal, described multiple-input and multiple-output MIMO terminal comprises: first antenna opening, and the radiofrequency emitting module that is connected with described first antenna opening, described radiofrequency emitting module comprises power amplifier, it is characterized in that,
Described MIMO terminal also comprises:
The pre-distortion module, be connected with the input of described radiofrequency emitting module, be used for when described MIMO terminal is in the course of work and described power amplifier and is operated in nonlinear area, before described input signal is imported described radiofrequency emitting module, from default pre-distortion coefficients look-up table, obtain and the corresponding pre-distortion coefficients of described power amplifier current output power, and described input signal is carried out pre-distortion according to the described pre-distortion coefficients of obtaining; Described pre-distortion coefficients look-up table comprises: the power output of described power amplifier and the corresponding relation between the pre-distortion coefficients;
Described calibrating installation is used for obtaining the pre-distortion coefficients look-up table of calibration before described MIMO terminal works, comprising:
Second antenna opening;
Feedback module is used for the radiofrequency signal of described radiofrequency emitting module output is fed back to described second antenna opening by described first antenna opening;
Receiver Module is used for the described signal that feeds back to described second antenna opening is carried out down-conversion and analog-to-digital conversion, obtains the digitized feedback signal of described radiofrequency emitting module output radiofrequency signal;
Comparison module is used for the feedback signal of more described Receiver Module output and the input signal of described pre-distortion module, and determines according to result relatively whether described power amplifier is operated in nonlinear area;
Distortion size determination module is used for when described power amplifier is operated in nonlinear area, determines the distortion size of described feedback signal with respect to the input signal of described pre-distortion module;
Described pre-distortion module, be further used for when described power amplifier is operated in nonlinear area, according to the distortion size that described distortion size determination module is determined, adjust described pre-distortion coefficients, until obtaining making the calibration pre-distortion coefficients of described distortion size in default distortion range.
2. calibrating installation according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the power output of the described power amplifier in the described pre-distortion coefficients look-up table and the corresponding relation between the described pre-distortion coefficients are:
The value of the power control word APC of described MIMO terminal and the corresponding relation between the described pre-distortion coefficients.
3. calibrating installation according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described pre-distortion coefficients comprises: the phase adjusted coefficient of described power amplifier and at least one in the accommodation coefficient of gain.
4. calibrating installation according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described second antenna opening is in a plurality of antenna opening of comprising of described MIMO terminal, other antenna opening except that described first antenna opening; Described Receiver Module is and the corresponding Receiver Module of described second antenna opening.
5. according to each described calibrating installation among the claim 1-4, it is characterized in that,
Described feedback module comprises:
The merit sub-module is connected with described first antenna opening, is used for the radiofrequency signal of described radiofrequency emitting module output is divided into two same signals;
Power conditioning module is used for receiving a road of described two-way same signal, one road signal of described reception is carried out power adjustments, and the signal after the described adjusting is imported described Receiver Module;
Described distortion size determination module is imported on another road in the described two paths of signals.
6. calibrating installation according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described distortion size determination module passes through to analyze the value of the adjacent channel power of described feedback signal than ACPR, determines the distortion size of described feedback signal.
7. the calibration steps of a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) terminal, described multiple-input and multiple-output MIMO terminal comprises: first antenna opening, and the radiofrequency emitting module that is connected with described first antenna opening, described radiofrequency emitting module comprises power amplifier, it is characterized in that,
Described MIMO terminal also comprises:
Second antenna opening;
The Receiver Module that is connected with described second antenna opening;
The pre-distortion module, be connected with the input of described radiofrequency emitting module, be used for when described MIMO terminal is in the course of work and described power amplifier and is operated in nonlinear area, before described input signal is imported described radiofrequency emitting module, from default pre-distortion coefficients look-up table, obtain and the corresponding pre-distortion coefficients of described power amplifier current output power, and described input signal is carried out pre-distortion according to the described pre-distortion coefficients of obtaining; Described pre-distortion coefficients look-up table comprises: the power output of described power amplifier and the corresponding relation between the pre-distortion coefficients;
Described calibration steps is used for before described MIMO terminal works described pre-distortion coefficients look-up table being calibrated, and described calibration steps comprises the steps:
Steps A, the radiofrequency signal of described radiofrequency emitting module output is fed back to described second antenna opening by described first antenna opening, and the described signal that feeds back to described second antenna opening is carried out down-conversion and analog-to-digital conversion by described Receiver Module, obtain the digitized feedback signal that described radiofrequency emitting module transmits;
Step B, the input signal of more described feedback signal and described pre-distortion module, if described power amplifier is operated in nonlinear area, then adjust described pre-distortion coefficients, until obtaining making distortion size the calibration pre-distortion coefficients preset range in of described feedback signal, preserve the power output and the calibration pre-distortion coefficients corresponding of described power amplifier with described power output with respect to the input signal of described pre-distortion module.
8. calibration steps according to claim 7 is characterized in that, the power output of the described power amplifier in the described pre-distortion coefficients look-up table and the corresponding relation between the described pre-distortion coefficients are:
The value of the power control word APC of described MIMO terminal and the corresponding relation between the described pre-distortion coefficients;
Among the described step B, the power output of the described power amplifier of described preservation and the calibration pre-distortion coefficients corresponding with described power output are:
Preserve the value of the power control word APC corresponding and corresponding calibration pre-distortion coefficients with the power output of described power amplifier.
9. calibration steps according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, among the described step B, adjacent channel power by judging described feedback signal than the value of ACPR whether in default scope, determine described feedback signal with respect to the distortion size of the input signal of described pre-distortion module whether in the scope of presetting.
10. calibration steps according to claim 7 is characterized in that, also comprises before the described steps A: the step that the radiofrequency signal of described radiofrequency emitting module output is divided into identical two-way;
Described second antenna opening of leading up in the described two-way feeds back to described Receiver Module, and another road in the described two-way is used for determining the distortion size of described feedback signal.
11., it is characterized in that described step B also comprises according to each described calibration steps among the claim 7-10:
Adjust the output power range of described power amplifier, with in the non-linear power output zone that obtains described power amplifier, calibration pre-distortion coefficients that different output power point is corresponding, and utilize the corresponding calibration pre-distortion coefficients of described different output power point to generate the pre-distortion coefficients look-up table of calibrating.
12. calibration steps according to claim 11 is characterized in that, the value of the power control word APC by adjusting described MIMO terminal is adjusted the output power range of described power amplifier.
13. calibration steps according to claim 11 is characterized in that, behind the pre-distortion coefficients look-up table that generates described calibration, in the course of work of described MIMO terminal, also comprises:
Step a obtains the power output of described power amplifier;
Step b, when described power amplifier is operated in nonlinear area, described pre-distortion module is according to the power output of described power amplifier, from the pre-distortion coefficients look-up table of described calibration, obtain and the corresponding pre-distortion coefficients of described power amplifier current output power, and the input signal of described pre-distortion module is carried out pre-distortion, and the signal after the described pre-distortion is imported described radiofrequency emitting module launch according to the described pre-distortion coefficients of obtaining.
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