CN101581745B - Location method of partial discharge fault source of transformer - Google Patents
Location method of partial discharge fault source of transformer Download PDFInfo
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- CN101581745B CN101581745B CN2009100853484A CN200910085348A CN101581745B CN 101581745 B CN101581745 B CN 101581745B CN 2009100853484 A CN2009100853484 A CN 2009100853484A CN 200910085348 A CN200910085348 A CN 200910085348A CN 101581745 B CN101581745 B CN 101581745B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a location method of a partial discharge source of a transformer, comprising the following steps: detecting radio-frequency signals generated by a partial discharge source in the transformer by a plurality of sensor modules, and recording the initial time at which a plurality of radio-frequency signals are detected; determining the measured time delay parameters of the radio-frequency signals according to the plurality of the initial time; setting wave speed parameters of the radio-frequency signals; making use of the space mesh division method to search and obtain the location of the partial discharge source according to the measured time delay parameters and the wave speed parameters. In the prior art, the time difference method is very sensitive to parameter errors generated in the transformer actual measurement process, and even tiny parameter errors can lead to problems like method failure or over-great location errors. The method in the invention overcomes the above problems.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to transformer operation maintenance field, in particular to a kind of localization method that is used for partial discharge fault source of transformer.
Background technology
Power transformer is the hinge equipment of electric system, and its reliability of operation is directly connected to the safety and stablization of electric system.To the statistical results show of physical fault, insulation fault is the main cause that influences the normal operation of transformer, and shelf depreciation is to cause the major reason of insulation fault.
The partial discharges fault location not only plays an important role to the assessment of the shelf depreciation extent of injury accurately, and be one of basic premise of realizing the transformer state maintenance, the guidance of science can be provided for the transformer state maintenance, so that having at ground, the maintainer carries out maintenance of equipment, in addition, also help rapid investigation fault and improve the maintenance level, also structural design, the raising manufacturing technology level of improving transformer had directive significance simultaneously.
The ultra-wide band radio-frequency localization method is a kind of transformer partial discharge positioning method, this method is by four array-element antenna array detection Partial Discharge Sources radiated radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic wave signals, in four tunnel synchronization waveforms, extract the parameter in relative time delay of signal, finish calculating according to the rational location algorithm of the shortest optical path principle design, thereby realize location three-dimensional geometry of living in space, partial discharge of transformer source to the discharge source locus.
Employing mistiming method is finished the calculating to the discharge source locus in the correlation technique.Fig. 1 shows the principle schematic of the mistiming method of correlation technique.This method is according to the time delay parameter S that measures
1, S
2, S
3Set up two hyperboloid equations, and solving equation obtains two intersection point PD between the hyperboloid, this intersection point is the location Calculation result.
In realizing process of the present invention, the inventor finds that mistiming method of the prior art is responsive to the parameter error that produces in the transformer actual measurement process, even small parameter error also very likely causes method inefficacy or positioning error bigger.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of localization method that is used for partial discharge fault source of transformer, it is responsive to the parameter error that produces in the transformer actual measurement process to solve mistiming method of the prior art, even small parameter error also very likely causes method to lose efficacy or the excessive problem of positioning error.
In an embodiment of the present invention, provide the localization method in a kind of partial discharge of transformer source, may further comprise the steps:
By the radiofrequency signal of a plurality of sensing modules in the generation of the inner detection of transformer Partial Discharge Sources, and record detects the initial moment of a plurality of radiofrequency signals;
Determine the actual measurement time delay parameter of radiofrequency signal according to a plurality of initial moment;
The wave speed parameters of radiofrequency signal is set;
According to actual measurement time delay parameter and wave speed parameters, utilize the search of space lattice subdivision method to obtain the shelf depreciation source position.
Present embodiment detects the Partial Discharge Sources of transformer inside by adopting a plurality of sensing modules, obtain the actual measurement time delay parameter of radiofrequency signal, after setting the wave speed parameters of radiofrequency signal, and then utilize the search of space lattice subdivision method to obtain the shelf depreciation source position, reduced requirement to time delay and wave speed parameters precision, improved bearing accuracy, it is responsive to the parameter error that produces in the transformer actual measurement process to have overcome mistiming method of the prior art, even small parameter error also very likely causes method to lose efficacy or the excessive problem of positioning error.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, constitutes the application's a part, and illustrative examples of the present invention and explanation thereof are used to explain the present invention, do not constitute improper qualification of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the localization method process flow diagram in partial discharge of transformer source according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 shows mesh generation synoptic diagram in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 shows the grid search synoptic diagram according to Fig. 2 embodiment;
Fig. 4 shows the system schematic that adopts partial discharge of transformer source location method according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 shows and adopts four array element sensor arraies to gather the oscillogram of four tunnel synchronous radiofrequency signals according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 shows the part sectional drawing that adopts Labview method program interface according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 shows the three-dimensional fix sectional drawing according to Fig. 6 embodiment.
Embodiment
Below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments, describe the present invention in detail.
Fig. 1 shows the localization method process flow diagram in partial discharge of transformer source according to an embodiment of the invention, may further comprise the steps:
S102, by the radiofrequency signal of a plurality of sensing modules in the generation of the inner detection of transformer Partial Discharge Sources, and record detects the initial moment of a plurality of radiofrequency signals;
S104 determines the actual measurement time delay parameter of radiofrequency signal according to a plurality of initial moment;
S106 is provided with the wave speed parameters of radiofrequency signal;
S108 according to actual measurement time delay parameter and wave speed parameters, utilizes the search of space lattice subdivision method to obtain the shelf depreciation source position.
Present embodiment detects the Partial Discharge Sources of transformer inside by adopting a plurality of sensing modules, obtain the actual measurement time delay parameter of radiofrequency signal, after setting the wave speed parameters of radiofrequency signal, and then utilize the search of space lattice subdivision method to obtain the shelf depreciation source position, reduced requirement to time delay and wave speed parameters precision, improved bearing accuracy, it is responsive to the parameter error that produces in the transformer actual measurement process to have overcome mistiming method of the prior art, even small parameter error also very likely causes method to lose efficacy or the excessive problem of positioning error.
Preferably, above-mentioned a plurality of sensing modules are four array element sensor arraies, adopt four array element sensor arraies can be surveyed the time delay parameter preferably, are fit to present embodiment.
Preferably, the position that utilizes the search of space lattice subdivision method to obtain Partial Discharge Sources specifically comprises:
The area of space search of utilizing the space lattice subdivision method that transformer is occupied obtains first grid cell at discharge source place;
Utilize the space lattice subdivision method the first grid cell search to be obtained the position at discharge source place.
Because the space, location of power transformer inside is bigger, by twice space lattice subdivision search, the efficient and the accuracy that have improved fixed-position searching.
Fig. 2 shows mesh generation synoptic diagram in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 3 shows the grid search synoptic diagram according to Fig. 2 embodiment.
Preferably, the area of space search of utilizing the space lattice subdivision method that transformer is occupied first grid cell that obtains the discharge source place specifically comprises:
It is a plurality of grid cells that area of space is dispersed;
As the emission of radio frequency signals source, by distance and the wave speed parameters between center and a plurality of sensing module, a plurality of incoming waves of trying to achieve each grid cell constantly with the center of each grid cell;
To each described grid cell, determine the time delay parameter of grid cell constantly according to a plurality of incoming waves;
Will with grid cell under the actual measurement time delay parameter immediate time delay parameter as first grid cell.
Space lattice subdivision searching method (be called for short grid search method), based on the shortest optical path principle of electromagnetic wave propagation, be worth three relative time delays and velocity of wave as parameter.At first set up three-dimensional localization space (X, Y, three dimensions of Z), small-sized square with certain length of side is that benchmark is divided the space, location, promptly pass through X, Y, three coordinate axis of Z are separated into the mesh generation of the line segment realization of certain-length to overall space respectively, as the search parameter, in the space lattice that subdivision goes out, search for the discharge source position with the time delay value of surveying four tunnel synchronous radiofrequency signals one by one.
Preferably, above-mentioned grid cell is that the length of side is the square of first length of side.
Preferably, the span of above-mentioned first length of side is 10-20cm.
For example, set space, location size according to actual conditions, with whole location spatial division is [N1, N2, N3 ..., Nn] amount to the space cube grid of n 20cm * 20cm, shown in accompanying drawing 2 (S1-S4 is an alignment sensor array element among the figure), determine the position coordinates of each sensor in advance, in first incoming wave moment of utilizing the distance between each space lattice and each sensing to ask for each sensor respectively, be made as tL1 respectively according to the shortest optical path principle, tL2, tL3, tL4 asks for three first time delay values promptly: tL12=tL2-tL1, tL13=tL3-tL1, tL14=tL4-tL1.Each space lattice to subdivision is numbered, and is made as 1,2 respectively, 3......n number space lattice, first time delay value of each space lattice correspondence is respectively: [t1L12, t1L13, t1L14], [t2L12, t2L13, t3L14] ... [tnL12, tnL13, tnL14], if the actual measurement time delay value is ts12, ts13, ts14, first time delay value of each grid correspondence is compared with the actual measurement time delay value, ask for: [(| t
1L12-t
S12|+| t
1L13-t
S13|+| t
1L14-t
S14|), (| t
2L12-t
S12|+| t
2L13-t
S13|+| t
2L14-t
S14|) ..., | t
NL12-t
S12|+| t
NL13-t
S13|+| t
NL14-t
S14|] minimum value in the interval, suppose the minimum value in said process, asked for for (| t
IL12-t
S12|+| t
IL13-t
S13|+| t
IL14-t
S14|), illustrate that then the actual discharge spacing is the most approaching from i space lattice, can be with the approximate local space of regarding the position of discharge source as of i space lattice, as shown in Figure 3, the volume coordinate of asking for i grid correspondence is as preliminary Search Results output, with this zone as the second time mesh generation search volume carry out the second tessellated mesh subdivision search of taking turns.
Preferably, utilize the space lattice subdivision method that the position that the first grid cell search obtains the discharge source place is specifically comprised:
It is a plurality of second grid cells that first grid cell is dispersed;
As the emission of radio frequency signals source, by the center of second grid cell and distance and the wave speed parameters between a plurality of sensing module, a plurality of second incoming waves of trying to achieve each second grid cell constantly with the center of each second grid cell;
Determine the second time delay parameter of each second grid cell constantly according to a plurality of second incoming waves;
The second time delay parameter of actual measurement time delay parameter and a plurality of second grid cells is compared one by one, obtain the position of Partial Discharge Sources.
Preferably, above-mentioned second grid cell is that the length of side is the square of second length of side.
Preferably, the span of above-mentioned second length of side is for being less than or equal to 1cm.
The grid length of side is set at 1cm or littler, and except that the grid length of side and search volume are provided with the difference, its ultimate principle is with computation process is in full accord for the first time, finally provide comprise discharge source little grid as positioning result.
Because power transformer positioned internal space is bigger, be to improve search efficiency and search accuracy, design twice mesh generation and search procedure, be referred to as preliminary subdivision search procedure and refinement subdivision search procedure respectively.Preliminary subdivision search procedure can be the space lattice of larger volume with space, location subdivision, the space lattice length of side generally is set at 10cm-20cm, on the basis of known sensor position coordinates, suppose that each grid is as signal emitting-source in the space, according to the shortest optical path principle ask for each grid correspondence first relative time delay value, wherein be space, place, real signal radiation source with the indicated zone of the most approaching corresponding grid of first time delay value of actual measurement time delay value.Preliminary subdivision Search Results space specified is carried out the search of refinement subdivision, setting the subdivision grid length of side is 5cm or littler, carry out second and take turns the mesh generation searching and computing, process and method and for the first time in full accord can lock the pairing discharge source of measured signal position comparatively accurately among a small circle.
Fig. 4 shows the system schematic that adopts partial discharge of transformer source location method according to an embodiment of the invention, this method is a kind of location technology by space electromagnetic wave coupling measurement, its distinctive measurement mechanism makes it can overcome the shortcoming of traditional localization method, low as detection sensitivity, be difficult to online application etc., obtain more desirable locating effect.The ultra-wide band radio-frequency location technology can be divided into hardware measuring system and computed in software system from system composition aspect.The hardware measuring system mainly is made up of signal detection system, signal condition system, signal transmission system and digital sample system etc., main detection and the digitized sampling that realizes shelf depreciation radio frequency electromagnetic signal extracted the required parameter of location Calculation from the discharge radiofrequency signal.Software section mainly by the location mathematical method, data file reads and functional module such as preservation is formed, its core is a method for calculating and locating.The design of location mathematical method must be complementary with positioning measurment system, and whether accurate, also be whether location technology can obtain one of key factor of practical application if being directly connected to the validity and the final calculation result of hardware Measurement and Data Processing.
In an embodiment of the present invention, because it is discrete by the space being carried out grid, therefore inevitably introduce discretization error, the not free difference method height of bearing accuracy under the situation of accurately obtaining the time delay parameter, but it is compared biggest advantage and is that the requirement to time delay value and wave speed parameters is not very harsh with the mistiming method, allow each parameter to have certain error, present result of study shows, the cumulative errors of three actual measurement time delay parameters are limited in the 3ns scope, all can obtain comparatively accurate in locating result, rationally choosing by sizing grid simultaneously, the discretization error that method is brought also can be limited in the less zone, satisfies the requirement of partial discharge of transformer bearing accuracy, in the art, it has been generally acknowledged that the Partial Discharge in Power Transformer localization of fault limits of error fixes in the 30cm scope, positioning result is effective.And mistiming algorithm commonly used is because the restriction of algorithm self structure; usually can cause because the individual event time delay value has micro-error (less than 1ns) at some specific position places algorithm disperse or the error of calculation excessive; because the power transformer inner structure is very complicated; electromagnetic wave propagation is subjected to iron core; winding; lead-in wire; the combined action of metal constructions such as folder and paper oil insulation structure; the radio frequency electromagnetic signal that measures inevitably distorts; thereby cause signal time delay to produce error; the electromagnetic wave velocity of wave also is difficult to accurately obtain simultaneously; therefore when there was certain error in the location parameter, whether location algorithm can finish effective location was the key factor of weighing location algorithm structure feasibility.
The grid search method is that locate but not " point " location in a kind of " zone ", because method itself is with spatial spreading, therefore result of calculation is actual is the numbering of space lattice, behind this numbering reduction grid position, what embody is the zone at single grid place, and with this zone as near a little space of shelf depreciation source position, after calculating the result, search in reply space, result of calculation place, if result of calculation and physical location deviation are within the specific limits, then can find actual Partial Discharge Sources position in the zone that result of calculation limits, the search space size depends on the size of mesh generation, and is directly proportional with size of mesh opening.
For example, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the step that Partial Discharge Sources is positioned is as follows:
(1) in four tunnel actual measurement synchronization waveforms, measures the time delay parameter
Fig. 5 shows and adopts four array element sensor arraies to gather the oscillogram of four tunnel synchronous radiofrequency signals according to an embodiment of the invention, t1-t4 is the initial moment of each road signal in Fig. 5, reads the initial moment of signal in the waveform of every road, is made as t1 respectively, t2, t3, t4 does difference respectively and asks for value in relative time delay between four road signals, if t12=t2-t1, t13=t3-t1, t14=t4-t1 is with this measured value as relative time delay.
(2) rationally set value of wave speed
Power transformer box house electromagnetic radiation wave trajectory is mainly the oilpaper mixed structure, many in the oilpaper mixed structure based on oil channel structure, a large amount of measured results show that bearing accuracy was higher when value of wave speed was set at 19.8cm/ns, the reference value that this value can be chosen as velocity of wave.
(3) write method program
Select rational computer programming software, as matlab, Labview software etc. according to aforesaid method principle design computer program flow process, are write the localization method program.Develop space lattice subdivision searching method program with Labview specialty programming software at present, Fig. 6 shows the part sectional drawing that adopts Labview method program interface according to an embodiment of the invention.
(4) location Calculation
Rationally set mesh generation size and search reference position, bring the velocity of wave reference value that provides in middle time delay value of measuring of step (1) and the step (2) into computer program, finish location Calculation, and show that in three dimensions positioning result, Fig. 7 show the three-dimensional fix sectional drawing according to Fig. 6 embodiment.
The novel localization method that is applied to the ultra-wide band radio-frequency location technology-space lattice subdivision searching method in the foregoing description, can effectively overcome the deficiency of mistiming method, the design feature of method self has reduced its requirement to time delay and wave speed parameters precision, when fixing in the certain limit, time delay and the velocity of wave limits of error all can carry out location Calculation effectively, far below the mistiming method, so the applicability of this method in true transformer measurement environment is higher than the mistiming localization method to the parameter error to the influence of result of calculation.
Obviously, those skilled in the art should be understood that, above-mentioned each module of the present invention or each step can realize with the general calculation device, they can concentrate on the single calculation element, perhaps be distributed on the network that a plurality of calculation element forms, alternatively, they can be realized with the executable program code of calculation element, thereby, they can be stored in the memory storage and carry out by calculation element, perhaps they are made into each integrated circuit modules respectively, perhaps a plurality of modules in them or step are made into the single integrated circuit module and realize.Like this, the present invention is not restricted to any specific hardware and software combination.
The above is the preferred embodiments of the present invention only, is not limited to the present invention, and for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and variation.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the localization method in a partial discharge of transformer source is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
By the radiofrequency signal of a plurality of sensing modules in the generation of the inner detection of transformer Partial Discharge Sources, and record detects the initial moment of a plurality of described radiofrequency signals;
Determine the actual measurement time delay parameter of described radiofrequency signal according to a plurality of described initial moment;
The wave speed parameters of described radiofrequency signal is set;
According to described actual measurement time delay parameter and described wave speed parameters, utilize the search of space lattice subdivision method to obtain described shelf depreciation source position;
Wherein, the position that utilizes the search of space lattice subdivision method to obtain described Partial Discharge Sources specifically comprises:
The area of space search of utilizing the space lattice subdivision method that described transformer is occupied obtains first grid cell at described discharge source place;
Utilize the space lattice subdivision method the described first grid cell search to be obtained the position at described discharge source place.
2. localization method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described a plurality of sensing modules are four array element sensor arraies.
3. localization method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, first grid cell that the area of space search of utilizing the space lattice subdivision method that described transformer is occupied obtains described discharge source place specifically comprises:
It is a plurality of grid cells that area of space is dispersed;
As the emission of radio frequency signals source, by distance and the described wave speed parameters between described center and a plurality of described sensing module, a plurality of incoming waves of trying to achieve each described grid cell constantly with the center of each described grid cell;
To each described grid cell, determine the time delay parameter of described grid cell constantly according to a plurality of described incoming waves;
Will with grid cell under the immediate described time delay parameter of described actual measurement time delay parameter as first grid cell.
4. localization method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described grid cell is that the length of side is the square of first length of side.
5. localization method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the span of described first length of side is 10-20cm.
6. according to claim 1 or 3 described localization methods, it is characterized in that, utilize the space lattice subdivision method that the position that the described first grid cell search obtains described discharge source place is specifically comprised:
It is a plurality of second grid cells that described first grid cell is dispersed;
As the emission of radio frequency signals source, by the center of described second grid cell and distance and the described wave speed parameters between a plurality of described sensing module, a plurality of second incoming waves of trying to achieve each described second grid cell constantly with the center of each described second grid cell;
Determine the second time delay parameter of each described second grid cell constantly according to a plurality of described second incoming waves;
The second time delay parameter of described actual measurement time delay parameter and a plurality of described second grid cells is compared one by one, obtain the position of described Partial Discharge Sources.
7. localization method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described second grid cell is that the length of side is the square of second length of side.
8. localization method according to claim 7 is characterized in that the span of described second length of side is for being less than or equal to 1cm.
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| CN102445641A (en) * | 2011-11-01 | 2012-05-09 | 上海交通大学 | Mobile device for detecting local discharging of electric equipment of substation, and positioning method |
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| CN105403814A (en) * | 2014-08-11 | 2016-03-16 | 国家电网公司 | Positioning method and device for partial discharge source of transformer |
| CN104360190B (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2017-07-07 | 华北电力大学 | Converter power transformer on-line fault diagnosis method based on three sensor reasonings |
| CN105182190B (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2018-01-16 | 国家电网公司 | Partial discharge of transformer detection method based on fiber external cavity formula F-P sensor |
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