CN101496362A - 通过始发交换机的证实的消息欺骗检测 - Google Patents

通过始发交换机的证实的消息欺骗检测 Download PDF

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CN101496362A
CN101496362A CNA2007800281840A CN200780028184A CN101496362A CN 101496362 A CN101496362 A CN 101496362A CN A2007800281840 A CNA2007800281840 A CN A2007800281840A CN 200780028184 A CN200780028184 A CN 200780028184A CN 101496362 A CN101496362 A CN 101496362A
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Y·柴
A·沙马
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Nokia of America Corp
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Lucent Technologies Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/12—Messaging; Mailboxes; Announcements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/14—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for detecting or protecting against malicious traffic
    • H04L63/1441—Countermeasures against malicious traffic
    • H04L63/1466—Active attacks involving interception, injection, modification, spoofing of data unit addresses, e.g. hijacking, packet injection or TCP sequence number attacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L51/00—User-to-user messaging in packet-switching networks, transmitted according to store-and-forward or real-time protocols, e.g. e-mail
    • H04L51/21—Monitoring or handling of messages
    • H04L51/212—Monitoring or handling of messages using filtering or selective blocking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/14—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for detecting or protecting against malicious traffic
    • H04L63/1408—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for detecting or protecting against malicious traffic by monitoring network traffic
    • H04L63/1416—Event detection, e.g. attack signature detection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/04—Key management, e.g. using generic bootstrapping architecture [GBA]
    • H04W12/043—Key management, e.g. using generic bootstrapping architecture [GBA] using a trusted network node as an anchor
    • H04W12/0431—Key distribution or pre-distribution; Key agreement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/12—Detection or prevention of fraud
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/60—Context-dependent security
    • H04W12/63—Location-dependent; Proximity-dependent

Abstract

通过将可信交换机地址(即，与处理输入消息的始发交换机相对应)与“附属”地址(即，与服务于所标识的发送机的位置的交换机相对应)相比较的反欺骗应用来检测消息欺骗。如果可信地址与附属地址不同则检测到消息欺骗。

Description

通过始发交换机的证实的消息欺骗检测
技术领域
本发明一般涉及支持消息传递服务的通信网络，并且更具体而言涉及一种用于基于始发交换机的证实来检测消息“欺骗”的方法。
背景技术
许多通信网络支持电子消息传递服务，例如并且非限制性地，短消息服务(SMS)、多媒体短信服务(MMS)、语音邮件或电子邮件。一般，不考虑网络拓扑和消息格式，通信网络采用某种消息应用服务器(例如短消息服务中心(SMSC(Short Message Service Center))或多媒体消息服务中心(MMSC(Multimedia Message ServiceCenter)))以便处理电子消息。通常，应用服务器将提取自消息首部的源地址和目的地址(例如目录号、IP地址、电子邮件地址等等)的标记用于处理消息。例如，SMSC和MMSC可将提取自消息首部的源和目的地址用于路由、计费、来电显示(Caller ID)或其它目的。
日益地，在电子消息传递领域遇到的问题是消息“欺骗(spoofing)”的图谋(即发送方用伪造的源地址为其消息作序)以便看起来始发自不同于真实发送机的发送机并且从而掩饰真实发送机的身份。例如，消息欺骗可以被实践在“垃圾信息(spam)”消息的上下文中以便关于消息的源来误导接收方。作为另一实例，冒名顶替者可将欺骗技术用于许可对受骗方的语音邮件帐户的访问。消息欺骗还可以被实践在企图转移或阻止对电子消息传递服务的计费。
发明内容
在本领域中通过基于与所指示的发送机相关联的交换元件(“始发交换机(originating switch)”)的证实来检测消息欺骗的特征来处理该问题并且实现技术进步。
在一实施例中，提供了一种检测消息欺骗的情况的方法，其中输入消息包括发送机的标记并且在消息欺骗的情况下将看起来发自不同于真实发送机的发送机。该方法包括反欺骗应用，其检查输入消息的消息首部以便标识(identify)与处理输入消息的始发交换机相对应的装置地址，定义可信地址。反欺骗应用还询问与所标识的发送机相关联的位置寄存器以便标识与服务于所标识的发送机的交换机相对应的装置地址，定义附属地址。反欺骗应用将可信地址与附属地址相比较并且如果可信地址与附属地址不同则检测到消息欺骗。
在本发明的一个示范性实施例中，反欺骗应用存在于处理输入SMS消息的短消息服务中心(SMSC)中。SMSC通过针对始发移动交换中心(MSC)的标记来检查输入SMS消息的消息首部来标识可信地址并且通过针对服务于所标识的发送机的MSC的标记来询问与所标识的发送机相关联的位置寄存器来标识附属地址。
在本发明的另一示范性实施例中，反欺骗应用(anti-spoofingapplication)存在于处理输入SIP消息的IMS网络的短消息服务中心应用服务器(SMSC-AS(Short Message Service Center ApplicationServer))中。SMSC-AS通过针对始发呼叫会话控制功能(CSCF)的标记来检查输入SIP消息的消息首部来标识可信地址并且通过针对服务于所标识的发送机的CSCF的标记来询问与所标识的发送机相关联的位置寄存器来标识附属地址。
附图说明
依据对所附的详细说明的阅读和对附图的参考，本发明的前述的和其它优点将变得显而易见。
图1示出在本发明的示范性实施例中适于提供电子消息传递服务的通信网络；
图2是依据本发明的实施例示出了执行于终结网络内以便基于始发交换机的鉴权来检测消息欺骗的步骤的流程图；
图3是例示了在消息欺骗未被检测到并且消息被传送到接收方的情况下由无线网络中的终结SMSC处理SMS消息的消息序列图；
图4是例示了在消息欺骗被检测到并且消息不被传送到接收方的情况下由无线网络中的终结SMSC处理SMS消息的消息序列图；
图5是例示了在消息欺骗未被检测到并且消息被传送到接收方的情况下由IMS网络中的SMSC应用服务器处理SMS消息的消息序列图；以及
图6是例示了在消息欺骗被检测到并且消息不被传送到接收方的情况下由IMS网络中的SMSC应用服务器处理SMS消息的消息序列图。
具体实施方式
图1在本发明的示范性实施例中例示了通信网络100。通信网络100可表示有线网络、IP多媒体子系统(IMS)网络、基于分组的网络(IP网络)、无线网络或另一类型的网络。通信网络100适于提供电子消息传递服务，例如在源终端102(与发送机“A”相关联)和目的终端104(与接收机“B”相关联)之间的SMS消息传递服务、MMS消息传递服务或语音邮件或电子邮件。源终端和目的终端102、104可包括具有通过通信网络100发送和接收电子消息的能力的任何装置，包括但不限于有线电话、无线(移动)电话、PDA、PC、VoIP电话或SIP电话。
源终端和目的终端102、104被逻辑连接到交换元件108、116，所述交换元件可操作来处理和交换呼叫和消息，包括在源终端和目的终端之间的SMS或MMS消息。常规地(如所示)，服务于源终端102的交换元件108被称为始发交换机，而服务于目的终端104的交换元件116被称为终结交换机(terminating switch)。通过分组网络114(例如，IP网络)来连接交换机108、116。
交换机108、116一般将依据它们分别运行于其中的网络拓扑而变化。例如，交换机108、116可包括：在有线网络中，例如
Figure A20078002818400061
交换系统的中心局交换机；在无线网络中，例如AUTOPLEXTM交换系统的移动交换中心(MSC)；以及在IMS网络中，例如可存在于软交换机或媒体网关中的呼叫会话控制功能(CSCF)。如将被理解的，交换元件108、116可被配置以便一般利用通常任何合适的电路、小区或分组交换和路由技术而运行，包括但不限于互联网协议(IP)和异步传输模式(ATM)技术。
通信网络100进一步被例示为在始发和终结侧均包括消息应用服务器、本地位置寄存器(HLR)/本地用户服务器(HSS)和网管。消息应用服务器由标号110、118表示；HLR/HSS由标号112、120表示并且网管由标号126、128表示。如将被理解的，这些装置中的每一个是可单独或共同地存在于一个或多个物理结构中或可被实现于软件中的功能元件。此外，装置可以依据网络拓扑和由通信网络100所支持的电子消息的类型而采取不同的形式。
消息应用服务器110、118适于接收和处理在源和目的终端之间的消息。消息应用服务器可包括例如但不限于：在无线SMS网络中，短消息服务中心(SMSC)；在MMS网络中，多媒体消息服务中心(MMSC)；以及在基于IMS的网络中，SMSC应用服务器(SMSC-AS或MMSC应用服务器(MMSC-AS)。
HLR/HSS 112、120是存储用户数据和与源和目的终端102、104相关联的位置信息的位置寄存器。常规上，术语HLR涉及无线网络的位置寄存器而术语HSS涉及IMS网络的位置寄存器。在消息处理期间，消息应用服务器与HLR/HSS通信以便获得与源和目的终端102、104相关联的地址信息，包括服务于终端102、104的始发和终结交换机108、116的地址信息。为了路由和计费并且依据本发明的原理，消息应用服务器使用这种信息用于检测始发方企图的消息欺骗。
网管元件126、128运行来通过执行包括但不限于收集、分析、显示和/或报告指示网络健康和被提供的服务的质量的统计信息(statistics)以及维持表征由网络所载有的业务量(traffic)的统计消息的任务来优化和管理网络100的始发和终结侧。例如，在本发明的上下文中，网管元件收集和维持关于如由消息应用服务器所报告的消息欺骗事件的统计信息。
图2是在本发明的示例性实施例中例示提供电子消息传递服务的方法的流程图，由此基于始发交换机的鉴权来检测消息欺骗。通过存在于终结网络的消息应用服务器118(例如SMSC或SMSC-AS)中的反欺骗应用来实现在图2中示出的步骤。可选地，服务提供商可以将反欺骗应用激活为收费服务(即收附加收入)或可实现为对所有客户的基本服务的一部分。将参考图1中的通信网络100的元件来描述图2的步骤，但该方法不限于图1的网络或元件。
在步骤202处，终结消息应用服务器118从始发网络接收消息。消息可包括例如由发送机“A”通过源终端102始发的(或在消息欺骗的情况下，虚假地看起来似乎从发送机“A”始发的)并通过目的终端104导向接收机“B”的SMS、MMS、语音邮件或电子邮件消息。
在图1的示范性网络中，源自发送机“A”的消息最初被从源终端102传送到始发交换机108。消息通常包括具有与源和目的终端102、104相关联的目录号(directory number)、IP地址或其它标识符的消息首部。当接收到消息时，始发交换机108插入自身的标识符(例如ID号)并且将消息转发给始发应用服务器110，其又询问与接收机“B”相关联的HLR/HSS 120以便确定目的终端104的位置。HLR/HSS 120维持与目的终端104相关联的位置信息，包括例如目前服务于目的终端104的终结交换机116的标识；并且响应于询问，HLR/HSS 120将该信息提供给应用服务器108。应用服务器108之后将消息传输给终结交换机116并且终结交换机116将消息转发给终结应用服务器118。
注意在消息欺骗的情况下，虚假地表示源终端102的消息源于冒名顶替者终端(imposter terminal)(未示出)并且由服务于冒名顶替者终端的网络的始发交换机(未示出)处理。始发交换机插入自身的标识符并且将消息转发给应用服务器，除了始发交换机和应用服务器大多通常存在于与欺骗源终端有关的外来网络(foreign network)外，类似于合法消息的情况。然后，应用服务器询问HLR/HSS 120以便标识目的终端的位置并且将欺骗消息传输给终结应用服务器118，如在合法消息的情况中一样。最后，当欺骗消息被终结应用服务器接收时，该欺骗消息将会包括欺骗的源终端标识符，却是有效的始发交换机标识符。也就是说，始发交换机标识符可被信任为标识了消息所源自于的实际交换机。
在步骤204处，终结消息应用服务器118检查输入消息以标识始发交换机地址。该交换机地址在此称为“可信(trusted)”地址，因为其可被信任为标识了消息所源自于的实际交换机。例如，通过源终端102来自发送机“A”的合法消息将包括交换机108的地址，因为交换机108处理消息并将其自己的地址插入消息首部中；相反地，来自冒名顶替者终端的欺骗消息将包括处理欺骗消息的外来交换机的地址(未示出)。
在步骤206处，终结消息应用服务器118询问与源终端102相关联的HLR/HSS 112以便确定服务于自称的(professed)发送机“A”的交换机(例如，交换机108)。HLR/HSS 112维持与终端102相关联的位置信息，包括目前服务于终端102的交换机108的标识；并且响应于询问，HLR/HSS 112将该信息提供给应用服务器118。该交换机地址在此称为“附属(affiliated)”地址，因为其标识了附属于自称的发送机“A”的交换机。注意，由附属地址所标识的交换机可能或可能不与在可信地址中所标识的实际始发交换机相对应。
在步骤208处，终结应用服务器118将附属地址和可信地址相比较以便检测欺骗的存在或不存在。如果附属地址和可信地址匹配(即，它们标识相同的交换机)，则消息被认为合法地源自于源终端102并且消息被处理及被传送给目的终端104，如在步骤210处的正常处理。然而，如果附属地址和可信地址不同(即，它们标识不同的交换机)，则消息被认为是欺骗企图并且在步骤212处被丢弃/拒绝而不传送给目的终端104。在一个实施例中，在步骤214处，将警报提供给网管126或128以报告欺骗企图。
图3和图4是在本发明的示范性实施例中例示了由无线网络中的终结SMSC处理SMS消息的消息序列图。消息图涉及可应用的图1的元件。
首先参考图3，终结SMSC 118利用源终端102接收始发自发送机“A”的SMS消息(Fwd_SMS_MO)。该消息包括将终端102标识为消息源并且将终端104标识为消息的意向接收方的消息首部(未示出)。消息首部还包括最初处理消息并将其自己的地址插入消息首部(即，“可信”地址)中的始发MSC 108的标识符。
SMSC 118将包括任意时间查询(ATI(Any Time Interrogation))消息的询问发送给发送机A的HLR 112以便请求发送机A的服务MSC地址(即，“附属”地址)。响应于询问，HLR 112找到发送机A的位置及其服务MSC地址(即，MSC 108)并且发送ATI_Ack消息以便通知SMSC 118。
SMSC 118接下来将在Fwd_SMS_MO消息(即，可信地址)中标识的始发MSC地址与在ATI_Ack消息(即，附属地址)中标识的MSC地址相比较。在图3的示范性情况中，可信地址和附属地址标识相同的交换机(例如，MSC 108)并且从而SMSC 118认为消息合法地源自于源终端102。因此，SMSC 118继续如正常一样处理消息。
SMSC 118随后将SRI_SMS消息发送给接收机B的HLR 120以便请求接收机B的服务MSC地址。响应于询问，HLR 120找到接收机B的位置及其服务MSC地址(即，MSC 116)并且发送SRI_SMS_Ack消息以便通知SMSC 118。
SMSC 118随后将消息Fwd_SMS_MT传送给B的MSC 116。B的MSC 116将确认消息(acknowledgment message)Fwd_SMS_MT_Ack返回给SMSC 118并且通过无线接口将消息传送给在接收方终端104处的B方。
现在转到图4，示出了消息序列，其中由终结SMSC 118检测消息欺骗。在该实例中，SMS消息(Fwd_SMS_MO)始发自冒充发送机A的冒名顶替者。该消息包括虚假地将终端102标识为消息源并且将终端104标识为消息的意向接收方的消息首部(未示出)。消息首部还包括处理消息并将其自己的地址插入消息首部(即，“可信”地址)中的外来MSC的标识符。
SMSC 118将包括ATI消息的询问发送给发送机A的HLR 112以便请求发送机A的服务MSC地址(即，“附属”地址)。响应于询问，HLR 112找到发送机A的位置及其服务MSC地址(即，MSC 108)并且发送ATI_Ack消息以便通知SMSC 118。
SMSC 118接下来将在Fwd_SMS_MO消息(即，可信地址)中标识的始发MSC地址与在ATI_Ack消息(即，附属地址)中标识的MSC地址相比较。在图4的示范性情况中，可信地址和附属地址不同并且从而SMSC 118认为消息是虚假地将终端102标识为源的欺骗企图。检测到欺骗企图，SMSC 118拒绝该消息并且不试图定位或将消息传送给B方。
图5和图6是在本发明的示例性实施例中例示了由IMS网络中的SMSC应用服务器(SMSC-AS)处理SMS消息的消息序列图。消息图涉及可应用的图1的元件。在图5中，终结SMSC-AS 118利用源终端102接收始发自发送机“A”的SIP消息。该消息包括将终端102标识为消息源并且将终端104标识为消息的意向接收方的消息首部(未示出)。消息首部还包括最初处理消息并将其自己的地址插入消息首部(即，“可信”地址)中的始发呼叫会话控制功能(CSCF)的标识符。
SMSC-AS 118将包括用户数据请求(UDR(User Data Request))消息的询问发送给发送机A的HLR 112以便请求发送机A的服务CSCF地址(即，“附属”地址)。响应于询问，HLR 112找到发送机A的位置及其服务CSCF地址(即，CSCF 108)并且返回用户数据应答(UDA(User Data Answer))消息以便通知SMSC-AS 118。
SMSC-AS 118接下来将在输入的SIP消息中标识的CSCF地址(即，可信地址)与在UDA消息中标识的CSCF地址(即，附属地址)相比较。在图5的示范性情况中，可信地址和附属地址标识相同的CSCF(例如，CSCF 108)并且从而SMSC-AS 118认为消息是合法地源自源终端102。因此，SMSC-AS 118继续如正常一样处理消息。
SMSC-AS 118随后将UDR消息发送给接收方B的HSS 120以便请求接收方B的服务CSCF地址。响应于询问，HSS 120找到接收方B的位置及其服务CSCF地址(即，CSCF 116)并且返回UDA消息以便通知SMSC-AS 118。
SMSC-AS 118随后将SIP消息传送给CSCF 116。B的CSCF 116将确认消息(200 OK)返回给SMSC-AS 118并且将消息传送给在接收方终端104处的B方。
图6示出了IMS消息序列，其中由终结SMSC-AS 118检测消息欺骗。在该实例中，SIP消息始发自冒充发送机A的冒名顶替者。该消息包括虚假地将终端102标识为消息源并且将终端104标识为消息的意向接收方的消息首部(未示出)。消息首部还包括处理消息并将其自己的地址插入消息首部(即，“可信”地址)中的外来CSCF的标识符。
SMSC-AS 118将包括UDR消息的询问发送给发送机A的HSS 112以便请求发送机A的服务CSCF地址(即，“附属”地址)。响应于询问，HSS 112找到发送机A的位置及其服务CSCF地址(即，CSCF108)并且发送UDA消息以便通知SMSC-AS 118。
SMSC-AS 118接下来将在输入的SIP消息中标识的CSCF地址(即，可信地址)与在UDA消息中标识的CSCF地址(即，附属地址)相比较。在图6的示范性情况中，可信地址和附属地址不同并且从而SMSC-AS 118认为消息是虚假地(falsely)将终端102标识为源的欺骗企图。检测到欺骗企图，SMSC-AS 118拒绝该消息并且不试图定位或将消息传送给B方。
采用一些经简化或省略的方面描述了本发明的特定示范性实施例。本领域的技术人员将理解落入本发明范围的源自这些实施例的变化。举例地且非局限性地，关于图2描述的反欺骗应用可被整体地或部分地实现于终结交换机116(例如MSC或CSCF)中或一般可随服务提供商的意思而存在于任何元件或元件组合中。在所有方面，所描述的实施例仅被认为是例示性的而非限制性的。本发明一般可被用于任何有线、无线或IMS网络，包括具有不同于图1的或者使用不同于在图3到图6中示出的消息序列的网络拓扑的网络。因此，本发明的范围由所附权利要求书而不是由前面的描述来表示。进到权利要求书的等效的意义和范围内的所有改变应被包含在其范围内。

Claims (10)

1.在支持电子消息传递服务的通信网络中，其中输入消息包括发送机的标记并且遭受可能的消息欺骗，使得看起来始发自不同于真实发送机的发送机，一种检测消息欺骗的情况的方法包括：
标识与处理输入消息的始发交换机相对应的装置地址，定义可信地址；
标识与服务于所标识的发送机的交换机相对应的装置地址，定义附属地址；和
确定可信地址是否与附属地址不同，其中如果可信地址与附属地址不同，则检测到消息欺骗。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中标识可信地址的步骤包括针对始发交换机的标记来检查输入消息的消息首部，所述始发交换机在处理消息时将其地址插入消息首部中。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中标识附属地址的步骤包括针对服务于所标识的发送机的交换机的标记来询问与所标识的发送机相关联的位置寄存器。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法，还包括如果检测到消息欺骗，则阻止消息。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法，由存在于终结消息应用服务器中的反欺骗应用来执行。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法，其中输入消息包括SMS消息并且终结消息应用服务器包括短消息服务中心(SMSC)。
7.如权利要求6所述的方法，其中标识可信地址的步骤包括针对始发移动交换中心(MSC)的标记来检查输入SMS消息的消息首部，并且其中标识附属地址的步骤包括针对服务于所标识的发送机的MSC的标记来询问与所标识的发送机相关联的位置寄存器。
8.如权利要求5所述的方法，其中输入消息包括SIP消息并且终结消息应用服务器包括短消息服务中心应用服务器(SMSC-AS)。
9.如权利要求8所述的方法，其中标识可信地址的步骤包括针对始发呼叫会话控制功能(CSCF)的标记来检查输入SIP消息的消息首部，并且其中标识附属地址的步骤包括针对服务于所标识的发送机的CSCF的标记来询问与所标识的发送机相关联的位置寄存器。
10.一种提供电子消息传递服务的方法，该方法包括：
接收电子消息，所述电子消息具有发送终端、目的终端和处理电子消息的始发交换机的标记；
标识所指示的发送终端的位置和服务于所指示的发送终端的位置的交换机；
确定处理电子消息的始发交换机是否与服务于所指示的发送终端的位置的交换机相同；
如果处理电子消息的始发交换机被确定为与服务于所指示的发送终端的位置的交换机相同，则将消息传送给所指示的目的终端；否则
阻止将消息传送给所指示的目的终端。
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