CN101311709B - System and method for improving internal-combustion engines fluid sensor performance - Google Patents
System and method for improving internal-combustion engines fluid sensor performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN101311709B CN101311709B CN200710104063.1A CN200710104063A CN101311709B CN 101311709 B CN101311709 B CN 101311709B CN 200710104063 A CN200710104063 A CN 200710104063A CN 101311709 B CN101311709 B CN 101311709B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a system and method which are used for improving the sensor performance of vehicle sensors like an exhaust sensor and detecting the predefined substances in fluids which flow through pipes, comprising a structure which extends into the pipes and comprises at least an inlet which is used for receiving the fluids flowing through the pipes and at least an outlet which is basically opposite to at least an inlet; wherein, the structure relocates basically all fluids which flow in from at least an inlet to the sensor so as to provide representative samples of the fluids before the fluids return after flowing through at least an outlet.
Description
government rights statement
The clause regulation of the contract No.DE-FC26-01NT41103 authorizing according to Ministry of Energy, may there be received payment license of the present invention in U.S. government may has the right to require the patent owner to permit other people to implement the present invention with rational condition in the situation that of restriction.
Technical field
The present invention relates to improve for monitoring the system and method for performance of the sensor of I. C. engine exhaust.These gases or fluid sensor comprise exhaust sensor and soot sensor.
Background technology
Exhaust sensor and other fluid sensors for control & monitor internal combustion engine, for example, comprise by gasoline or diesel fuel and the automobile of power are provided and use various engine technologies, as lean combustion.Various types of gas or fluid sensor can comprise for example thermal exhaust oxygen (HEGO) sensor or exhaust gas oxygensensor, general exhaust oxygen (UEGO) sensor, nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide (NOx) sensor, ammonia (NH3) sensor and soot sensor.These sensors provide the appearance in exhaust of relevant predetermined substance or compound and/or the information of concentration.This information is used for monitoring and/or control engine by engine and/or automobile controller.
The standard installation site of vehicle-mounted row gas sensor is on exhaust wall or approaches exhaust wall place, more easily contacts exhaust stream on such position, and exhaust stream is herein conventionally colder than the center at gas outlet.Therefore, sensor is only exposed under exhaust in the limited like this region of pipeline, and this is not problem concerning a lot of application.Yet the present inventor recognizes, for some application or operating conditions, by the appearance of the composition of sensor measurement or concentration on the diameter of gas outlet may and non-uniform Distribution.For example, in using the application of urea/SCR after-treatment system, may need to detect the ammonia (NH3) by SCR catalyzer desorption or release with ammonia (NH3) sensor, the amount of ammonia is very responsive to delivery temperature, and delivery temperature is conventionally higher in the center of exhaust stream.The present inventor observes, ammonia may be higher 10 to 100 times than the concentration at the tube wall place of sensor installation in the prior art in specific situation in the concentration of four inches of gas outlet centers, thereby the exhaust stream at tube circumference place differs and represents surely the ammonia content in ensemble stream.Similarly, for use, be positioned at the diesel applications of the soot sensor in particulate filter downstream, the soot that for example crack in filtrator produces can produce local inhomogeneous soot and distribute, and such distribution is difficult to use the sensor that is arranged on periphery place to detect.
For the laboratory equipment of analyzing exhaust stream, generally include and there are a plurality of imports and extend into gas outlet or the sampling probe of exhaust duct, and extract sample for follow-up analysis with vacuum pump.Although the method is applicable to R&D work, additional complicacy, cost and packing instructions make such method cannot meet the real-time detection of vehicle-mounted row air-flow or approach detection in real time.
Various types of vehicle-mounted row gas sensors comprise protective cannula or the guard shield that surrounds sensing element, to protect or to shield sensing element, make its rugged surroundings impact of avoiding exhaust stream, and for example United States Patent (USP) 6,637,254 and 6,551, and described in No. 498.Such device only allows the exhaust of fraction through sensing element, to protect sensing element when detecting required material in ensemble stream conventionally.In order to protect sensing element; make it avoid higher delivery temperature impact; sensing element can be positioned at apart from exhaust stream a distance; for example, the blue top grade people's of H stupe " Using aMISiCFET device as a cold start sensor (using MISiCFET device as cold start sensor) "; Sensors and Actuators (< < sensor and driver > >); B93 (2003), in 295-303 page, general description is such.
Summary of the invention
A kind of for improvement of sensor performance, detect the system and method for predetermined composition in the fluid that flows through pipe simultaneously, this system and method comprises the enclosed construction that extends into gas outlet, this structure has at least one for receiving the import of the fluid that flows through pipe and with respect to the mobile direction of fluid and at least one import relative at least one outlet substantially, wherein this structure is redirected to sensor passively by all fluids substantially that flow at least one outlet from least one import, so that the representative sample of bulk fluid to be provided to sensor.
In one embodiment, this structure comprises the closed sleeve that extends approximately one half-distance across the gas outlet associated with internal combustion engine.This closed sleeve comprises that at least one is for receiving the import of exhaust; and before exhaust is returned to gas outlet by least one outlet; exhaust is redirected to sensor passively, and this sensor can comprise the integrated protectiveness guard shield that extends partially into closed sleeve openend.In another embodiment, sleeve pipe or similarly structure before mounted sensor, are redirected exhaust pipe by exhaust at exhaust stream, so that cooling to exhaust to be provided before arriving sensor in exhaust.
An embodiment who improves the method for sensor performance according to the present invention comprises the fluid that flows through the representative transversal section of pipe is redirected to sensor passively, so that the representative sample of fluid to be provided to sensor.
The invention provides multiple advantage.For example, the invention provides the sensor axle sleeve (sensor boss) using together with the sensor that can provide with prior art, to improve sensor performance by the representative transversal section of flowing through the fluid of pipe is redirected to sensor.Provide the axle sleeve that is independent of sensor also to allow to use same sensor in the application with different mobile profiles or gas outlet diameter.The present invention is used in exhaust or other fluids and arrives passive cooling to exhaust or other fluids is provided before associated sensor.The present invention does not need the device of the extraction exhaust sample as vacuum pump.The improved sensor performance associated with the present invention can bring improved emission control and fuel economy.
By detailed description of preferred embodiments by reference to the accompanying drawings hereinafter, above-mentioned advantage of the present invention and other advantages and feature will become apparent.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 illustrates the block diagram that improves the system of sensor performance or the representative applications of method according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 illustrates an embodiment of the device that improves sensor performance according to the present invention; And
Fig. 3 illustrates another embodiment of the device that improves sensor performance according to the present invention.
Embodiment
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that of the present invention various features shown with reference to any one in accompanying drawing and that describe can with at the Feature Combination shown in one or more other accompanying drawings, produce the embodiments of the invention that clearly do not illustrate or describe.Shown in the combination of feature be provided for the exemplary embodiment of typical case's application.Yet, concerning concrete application or realization, may need various combinations and the modification to feature consistent with content that the present invention awards.
Fig. 1 illustrates the block diagram that improves the system of sensor performance or the operation of method according to the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, system 10 comprises the internal combustion engine with a plurality of cylinders 12.For spark ignition engine application, each cylinder 12 has the spark plug 14 being associated.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is independent of specific engine technology or fuel, and can be applied to various types of internal combustion engine use, include but not limited to diesel fuel compression ignition engine.A plurality of fuel injectors 18 provide fuel to cylinder 12 in one or many sprays, and fuel mixes with air and EGR in some applications, and air and EGR can be respectively control by choke block or air throttle 16 and EGR valve 24.EGR valve 24, fuel injector 18 and preferably air throttle 16 are by 22 operations of electronic engine/automobile/power system controller.As is known to the person skilled in the art; controller 22 generally includes processor (CPU), input/output end port; and for the computer-readable storage medium of one or more types of stores executable instructions and calibration value, such medium by shown in ROM (read-only memory) (ROM), random access memory (RAM) and keep-alive storer (KAM) briefly represent.The signal that controller 22 receives from a plurality of sensors, these sensors are briefly represented by the sensor or the sensor unit 32,34 and 36 that are connected to engine 10, and controller 22 is controlled the fuel of thrower 18 supplies, the EGR flow of being controlled by valve 24, and the engine air capacity of being controlled by air throttle 16.
In the representative applications shown in Fig. 1, sensor unit 34 comprises the first embodiment of the device that improves sensor performance according to the present invention, and this sensor unit is positioned at pump-down process or exhaust gas post-treatment device 40 upstreams, any in multiple existing apparatus/systems that device 40 briefly represents to be used singly or in combination in various application, as three-way catalyst (TWC), rare NOx drip catcher (LNT), urea/SCR (selective catalytic reactor or reduction converter) system, particulate filter etc.Like this, sensor unit 34 can comprise sensor 50, for detection of from internal combustion engine and by one or more elements in the overall exhaust stream of exhaust duct or gas outlet 44 or appearance or the concentration of material.Representative sensor can comprise for example HEGO sensor, UEGO sensor, soot sensor, ammoniacal sensor, and NOx sensor.Sensor 50 is arranged on the openend of sensor axle sleeve 52, and this axle sleeve extends into gas outlet 44 and reaches certain distance, the target substance of this distance based on being detected by sensor 50 or the expectation Radial Flow profile of element.For the detectable substance with the distribution of temperature correlation, axle sleeve 52 preferably extends the approximately distance of half across (diameter) 46 of gas outlet 44, because delivery temperature is conventionally higher at the core of gas outlet 44.Sensor axle sleeve 52 comprises closed sleeve or similar structure, such structure there is at least one towards upstream and location for receiving the import from the exhaust of gas outlet 44 cores, and at least one roughly outlet 56 relative with import 54.Location outlet 56, all exhausts substantially that make to flow through import 54 by export 56 leave axle sleeve 52 before flow direction sensors 50 all.
Sensor unit 36 comprises the second embodiment of the device that improves sensor performance according to the present invention, and this sensor unit is positioned at pump-down process or exhaust gas post-treatment device 40 downstreams.Sensor 60 is arranged in sensor axle sleeve 62, and this axle sleeve comprises the structure that extends into gas outlet 44, and this structure has for receiving a plurality of imports 64 from the exhaust of ensemble stream 70, and is redirected the exhaust that flow to outlet 66 from import 64 passively.As shown in Figure 1, import 64 is conventionally towards located upstream, and exports 66 conventionally relatively with import 64, and all exhausts substantially that make to flow through this structure are flow direction sensor 60 all, so that representative sample or the representative transversal section of the ensemble stream 70 that flows through pipe 44 to be provided.This structure that extends into gas outlet 44 has the length that is enough to locate at least one import 64 on required sampling location.For the detectable substance that can there is temperature correlation distribute on the transversal section of gas outlet 44, as ammonia, for the required sampling location of at least one import 64, be about half across the distance of pipe.
Refer now to Fig. 2, an embodiment according to the system for improvement of onboard sensor performance of the present invention or method is shown.System 80 comprises the sensor axle sleeve 82 of the flow path 84 that extends into fluid, and towards downstream position, flows from upstream position such as the such fluid of exhaust.By for example bonding agent or welding, sensor axle sleeve 82 is for good and all fixed to the pipe that comprises fluid or periphery or the wall 88 of sleeve pipe.Or axle sleeve 82 can be fixed by modes such as button lock, screw thread, snap-fasteners.Axle sleeve 82 comprises sleeve pipe or similar structure 90, and this structure has the blind end 92 that extends into gas outlet or other pipes 88, and adaptive for holding the openend 94 of sensor 96.In an illustrated embodiment, openend 94 is threadably engaged screw thread corresponding on sensor 96.Can and realize according to concrete application other configurations that are provided at axle sleeve 82 interior fixing and directed (if needs) sensor 96.One or more electric wire or wire 100 can be used for providing the signal from sensor 96 to the sensor signal processor being associated and/or engine/automobile controller or monitor.Sensor 96 can comprise protective sleeve or the guard shield 110 that surrounds sensing element 112, yet the present invention is independent of specific sensor construction.
The structure 90 of axle sleeve 82 comprises at least one import 120 and outlet 122.Import 120 can be evenly spaced apart along the length of structure or sleeve pipe 90, or can arrange by the sampling profile based on required, and such sampling profile is similar to reference to shown in the embodiment of figure 3.Similarly, can select the shape and size of one or more imports 120, with the type based on sensor 96 and determinand, the expectation on the diameter of pipe 88 distributes, and required sample distribution is provided.The exhaust of flowing through pipe 88 enters one or more imports 120, and by structure 90 and export 122 suitable location and be redirected passively, make substantially all flow direction sensors 96 of all gas, so that gas sample or the potpourri from one or more target sample area to be provided, target sample area is such as the core of pipe or sleeve pipe 88.
The structure 90 of sensor axle sleeve 82 can have to be selected for any required geometric configuration from the sample of the target area of pipe 88 is provided.For example, structure 90 can be with circular, square, rectangle, or the sleeve pipe of other shapes is realized, this sleeve pipe can have the transversal section of uniform transversal section or variation, as cone, with in one or more imports 120 with export between 122 and to provide required passive flow performance to the fluids/gases of sampling, make sample be redirected to sensor 96 and do not stagnate in structure 90.Similarly, in order to provide applicable sample fluid flows towards sensor 96, export the cumulative area that 122 area should be more than or equal to one or more imports 120.
Another embodiment of the system/method of the sensor performance that improves onboard sensor according to the present invention shown in Figure 3.System 130 comprises the sensor axle sleeve 132 with structure 134, and structure 134 comprises first closed sleeve 136 with at least one import 140, and has the second closed sleeve 144 of at least one outlet 148.Closed sleeve 136,144 is by being connected to ferrule openings end and being communicated with the isolated sensing chamber of pipe 88 150 fluids.Sensing chamber 150 comprises adaptive for holding the opening 152 of sensor, and sensing chamber 150 will be by Fluid Sealing after this sensor is installed.In this embodiment, exhaust or other fluids flow through one or more imports 140 and in the first sleeve pipe 136, guide passively or be redirected to outside pipe 88, to arrive sensing chamber 150 at sample and to provide cooling to sample before returning to pipe 88 by exporting 148.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, system 130 also can be by having the structure of the sleeve pipe through separating, rather than realized by the separated or different sleeve pipe that is connected to sensing chamber, sleeve pipe through separating has by the dividing plate inlet part separated with exit portion, and this dividing plate extends to sensing chamber from the blind end of inlet part.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, structure 134 comprises a plurality of imports 140, comprising the first group of import 160 that is evenly spaced apart and has substantially first-class large opening, have larger opening and with isolated the second import 162 of import 160 (or second group of import), and there is larger opening and be positioned at the triple feed inlet 164 in stream 84 central area.Can select size, quantity and the position of import 140, so that the expectation radial distribution of the one or more determinands based on being detected by sensor, by the sample gas amount corresponding to the variation of the inlet openings area in the specific region of pipe 88, the sample that " adjusting " provided to the sensor being associated by sensor axle sleeve 132 are provided.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, based on reference to shown in figure 1-3 and described exemplary embodiment, an a kind of embodiment who improves the method for the sensor performance that is used for the exhaust of vehicular applications or the fluid sensor of other types according to the present invention comprises, the fluid of the target area from fluid stream is redirected to corresponding sensor passively.The sensor axle sleeve with the closed sleeve that comprises one or more upstream inlet and the outlet relative with import can be used for the stream from gas outlet central area to be redirected to passively the sensor being arranged on gas outlet periphery.Depend on concrete application, the method can comprise that the fluid from one or more imports is redirected to gas outlet is outer but comprised by sensor axle sleeve, to arrive the adaptive sensing chamber for sensor installation, so that cooling to exhaust to be provided before arriving sensor in exhaust.The expectation radial distribution profile of target substance that can be based on being detected by sensor, determines location and the size of one or more imports.
The prototype test of one embodiment of the present of invention comprises the exhaust sensor axle sleeve with three imports and an outlet, and is arranged on the ammoniacal sensor in the diesel motor with urea/SCR exhaust gas post-treatment device.Prototype axle sleeve extends approximately 3/4 distance across four inches of gas outlets, and the first import is being located across gas outlet approximately 1/2 distance (approximately two inches).In order to obtain datum readings, first sensor localization is approached in exhaust stream to exhaust wall and be positioned at the downstream part of SCR device, and do not use according to sensor axle sleeve of the present invention.Then the ammonia concentration in exhaust sensor being detected compares with the concentration by FTIR spectrometer, measure, and FTIR spectrometer is to from have gas in the sleeve pipe of a plurality of imports sample (by external vacuum pump draw gas) across pipe radius.FTIR result shows, up to the concentration of 300ppm, by this sensor, do not detected.Then by this installation of sensors be positioned same position place, SCR device downstream according in sensor axle sleeve of the present invention, result compares the ammonia concentration of sensor reading and FTIR spectrometer indication again.Use system/method of the present invention, sensor reading is very well relevant to the ammonia concentration of FTIR spectrometer indication.
As mentioned above, can in comprising the various vehicle-mounted Application in Sensing of all kinds sensor, use the present invention.Meeting of the present invention is particularly useful in the non-homogeneous radially-arranged application that demonstrates determinand, comprises and has urea/SCR after-treatment applications of ammoniacal sensor and/or NOx sensor and the application that use has the particulate filter of soot sensor.
Therefore, the invention provides the system and method for improvement of sensor performance, comprising adaptation for holding sensor and will flowing through the exhaust of pipe or the representative transversal section of other fluids and be redirected to the sensor axle sleeve of sensor.Provide the axle sleeve that is independent of sensor to allow to use same sensor in a plurality of application with different flow profile or gas outlet diameters.The present invention is used in exhaust or other fluids and arrives passive cooling to exhaust or other fluids is provided before the sensor being associated.The present invention does not need for extracting the device of exhaust sample, as vacuum pump, but uses the passive selection of target fluid stream and is redirected.Improved sensor performance related to the present invention can bring improved emission control and/or fuel economy.
Although described in detail for implementing optimal mode of the present invention, various equivalent modifications of the present invention should be understood that for implementing various optional design and implementation example of the present invention and is defined by accompanying claim.
Claims (11)
1. adaptation is for holding for detection of the device of sensor of fluid designated substance that flows through the gas outlet of explosive motor, and described device comprises:
Extend into the structure with blind end of described gas outlet, described structure has for receiving at least one import of the fluid that flows through described gas outlet and at least one outlet relative with described at least one import, wherein said structure by from described at least one import all fluids be redirected to described sensor and to described at least one outlet, so that the representative sample of described fluid to be provided to described sensor, wherein said structure comprises along at least extend across described gas outlet a plurality of imports that a part of equi-spaced apart of the described structure of a half-distance is opened after installation.
2. adaptation is for holding for detection of the device of sensor of fluid designated substance that flows through the gas outlet of explosive motor, and described device comprises:
Extend into the structure of described gas outlet, described structure has for receiving at least one import of the fluid that flows through described gas outlet and at least one outlet relative with described at least one import, wherein said structure is redirected to described sensor by all fluids that flow to described at least one outlet from described at least one import, so that the representative sample of described fluid to be provided to described sensor, it is characterized in that, described structure comprises:
First closed sleeve with at least one import;
Second closed sleeve with at least one outlet; And
The sensing chamber being communicated with the openend fluid of described the first and second closed sleeves, described sensing chamber adaptation is used for holding described sensor, and spaced apart with described gas outlet after installation, with cooling described fluid before flowing through described sensor at described fluid, wherein said structure comprises along at least extend across described gas outlet a plurality of imports that a part of equi-spaced apart of the described structure of a half-distance is opened after installation.
3. device as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described the first closed sleeve at least extends to half distance across described gas outlet after installation.
4. device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described the first closed sleeve is included in a plurality of imports that are positioned the upstream of described gas outlet after installation, and described the second closed sleeve is included in the outlet that is positioned the downstream of described gas outlet after installation.
5. device as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, the cumulative area of described a plurality of imports is no more than the area of described outlet.
6. device as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, also comprises being arranged in described structure and for detection of the sensor of described fluid designated substance.
7. for improvement of a system with the performance of the exhaust sensor in the automobile of the internal combustion engine that is connected to gas outlet, described system comprises:
Have adaptive for holding the openend of sensor and extending into the sensor axle sleeve of the blind end of described gas outlet, described sensor axle sleeve comprises the inlet part with blind end, described inlet part across described gas outlet approximately half distance have towards upstream at least one opening, described inlet part is positioned for receiving the exhaust from the core of described gas outlet, and there is the exit portion of blind end, described exit portion has at least one outlet towards downstream, wherein said exhaust was flowed in the inlet part outside described gas outlet before returning to described gas outlet by described exit portion, and described at least one outlet in location, make all exhausts of flowing through described inlet part flow to described sensor before leaving described sensor axle sleeve by described at least one outlet, at least one opening of wherein said inlet part is relative with described at least one outlet of described exit portion, the openend of described sensor axle sleeve and described gas outlet are spaced apart, wherein said sensor axle sleeve comprises inlet part, described inlet part has a plurality of openings that equi-spaced apart opens and extends approximately one half-distance across described gas outlet.
8. system as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, also comprises:
Be positioned at the exhaust sensor of the openend of described sensor axle sleeve.
9. system as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, described exhaust sensor is for good and all fixed to described sensor axis and puts, and described sensor axle sleeve is fixed on described gas outlet actively.
10. system as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, described sensor axle sleeve is fixed on described gas outlet actively.
11. systems as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, also comprise in the openend that is positioned at described sensor axle sleeve and with the isolated sensor of described gas outlet.
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| CN200710104063.1A CN101311709B (en) | 2007-05-21 | 2007-05-21 | System and method for improving internal-combustion engines fluid sensor performance |
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| CN200710104063.1A CN101311709B (en) | 2007-05-21 | 2007-05-21 | System and method for improving internal-combustion engines fluid sensor performance |
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| CN101311709B true CN101311709B (en) | 2014-03-12 |
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| US10190472B2 (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2019-01-29 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Systems and methods for sensing particulate matter |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4018089A (en) * | 1976-05-05 | 1977-04-19 | Beckman Instruments, Inc. | Fluid sampling apparatus |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4018089A (en) * | 1976-05-05 | 1977-04-19 | Beckman Instruments, Inc. | Fluid sampling apparatus |
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