CN101249637A - Magnetic current change polishing solution circulating device capable of long-time steadily polishing solution performance - Google Patents
Magnetic current change polishing solution circulating device capable of long-time steadily polishing solution performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN101249637A CN101249637A CNA200810030901XA CN200810030901A CN101249637A CN 101249637 A CN101249637 A CN 101249637A CN A200810030901X A CNA200810030901X A CN A200810030901XA CN 200810030901 A CN200810030901 A CN 200810030901A CN 101249637 A CN101249637 A CN 101249637A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an MR polishing slurry cycle device which has longtime and stable polishing slurry performance. The liquid mixture tin is connected with the water tank through a metering pump and the cooling machine is connected with the liquid mixture tin through the cooling pipe; a polishing slurry circulation loop consists of the successively connected liquid mixture tin, electromagnetic flow meter, nozzle, recovery unit and recovery pump through a polishing circulation pipeline and a non-polishing slurry circulation loop consists of the successively connected liquid mixture tin and electromagnetic flow meter through a non-polishing circulation pipeline. The polishing slurry circulation loop and the non-polishing slurry circulation loop are connected in parallel and a switching control valve is arranged at the junction. The lateral pipe between the liquid mixture tin and the switching control valve is surrounded with spiral coil; the electromagnetic flow meter and the spiral coil are connected with the input terminal of the computer, of which the control output terminal is connected respectively with the switching control valve, the cooling machine, the power pump and the metering pump. The device has the advantages of high control precision, sound stability, etc., and can provide low cost, reliable and stable MR polishing slurry for MR polishing processing for a long time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is mainly concerned with the technical field of magnetorheological polishing, stablizes the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid EGR of polishing fluid performance when refering in particular to a kind of length.
Background technology
The certainty Technique of Magnetorheological Finishing is electromagnetism, hydrodynamics, analytical chemistry etc. to be combined and a kind of advanced optical fabrication methods that proposes, it is one of effective means of aspheric surface optical accessory processing, it can be when obtaining the high-precision optical surface, guarantee surface of good crudy, small workpiece sub-surface damage and high working (machining) efficiency, thereby well satisfy the processing request of contemporary optics optical element.The certainty Technique of Magnetorheological Finishing utilizes the rheological characteristic of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid in magnetic field that workpiece is polished, Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid is brought polishing area into by the circulation of polishing opinion, in the zone under the effect of high-intensity gradient magnetic, become and have viscoplastic Bingham medium, hardening, it is big that viscosity becomes, formation has definite shape " flexible polishing mould " (magnetic flow liquid forms protruding ribbon in magnetic field), when " flexible polishing mould " flows through the little gap that workpiece and polishing disk form, surface of the work can produce very big shearing force, and the surface of the work material is realized removing.
Realize the magnetorheological polishing of certainty, the stability of the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid performance during key is to keep for a long time circulating, and then guarantee the uniformity of the removal function model of magnetorheological polishing only in this way, could realize accurate removal to the optical element surface.Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid is as the important carrier of the magnetorheological polishing of optical part of certainty, it realizes the comprehensive removal effect of machinery, chemistry on optical element surface by the carrying polishing particles, the stability of its performance directly affects the crudy of optical element, and the ageing process time that is determining optical element of its circulation.Development of modern science and technology is all had higher requirement to processing bore, machining accuracy and the crudy of optics processing, the proposition of these requirements make optics processing present long, convergence of process-cycle often, discontinuity waits characteristics repeatedly.The magnetorheological polishing of certainty wants to reach the requirement of contemporary optics processing as a kind of advanced person's optical fabrication methods, just must effectively control the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid characteristic in the circulation.Do not consider the quality of the performance of magnetic flow liquid own, optical element carried out in the process of magnetorheological polishing that Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid shows as the removal characteristic of optical element: the magnetic-particle content of the flow of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid, Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid.Controlled by discharge stability, can be guaranteed that Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid has the removal function of dimensionally stable Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid; By the stability of magnetic-particle content in the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid is controlled, can guarantee that magnetorheological polishing has stable removal ability, thereby the certainty high accuracy that realizes optical material is removed.
What external early start was applied to the magnetorheological polishing of certainty with magnetic flow liquid is U.S. University of Rochester's optics manufacturing center (Center for Optics Manufacturing is called for short COM).COM set up magnetorheological polishing experiments system since 1993, developed the commercial lathe that substitutes in the magnetorheological polishing of certainty so far more.Calendar year 2001 COM utilizes the mensuration pressure loss and flow to calculate and control the viscosity of magnetic flow liquid in the patent (USP862245) of the magnetic flow liquid transmission system of its application, thereby realize the stability control of magnetorheological fluid performance, but its stable control to the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid performance only is confined to machining state, therefore be difficult to carry out the processing repeatedly of long-time discontinuity, and its mensuration to Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid body viscosity needs the pressure and the flow of tracer liquid simultaneously, the error of pressure and flow all can be incorporated in the viscosity and go, so precision is limited.And domestic since to Study on Technique of Magnetorheological Finishing also mostly in the starting stage, therefore many research institutes Properties Control to Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid in utilizing the process of magnetorheological polishing is also fairly simple, even implements effectively control.Tsing-Hua University is in its patent (patent No.: provide a kind of electromagnetism rubbing head that can public rotation form in order to magnetorheological polishing ZL03153996.3), Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid does not participate in circulation in its process, therefore need not the performance of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid is controlled.This magnetorheological fluid performance control and the mode of processing, can not take away processing heat and processing abrasive dust, along with the evaporation of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid moisture in the process and rotten, make the performance of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid change, thereby cause it can not realize the accurate magnetorheological polishing of certainty.Harbin Institute of Technology has set up the EGR of the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid that is used to control the stable performance of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid work in-process in to the Study on Technique of Magnetorheological Finishing process, recycling by the stable polishing fluid of having realized that keeps the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid performance, but because its same mensuration pressure loss and flow of adopting comes monitoring liquid viscosity, and its device uses the bigger membrane pump of pulsation as circulatory system power source, makes that the ejection of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid is continuously unstable; Retracting device utilizes copper sheet contact polishing wheel to stop that Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid flows and reclaims, and friction easily, scratches the polishing wheel surface, influences the surface quality and the circularity of polishing wheel; Control system has only been carried out closed-loop control to the viscosity of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid, flow to the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid that influences stable processing technology in the process, the temperature of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid is not all controlled in the circulation, is difficult to use in the correction of the flank shape polishing of high-precision optical part.
The mode along stroke pressure loss and fluid flow that existing Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid stable performance method is normally measured Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid is calculated the viscosity of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid, stablize the performance of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid by the viscosity of control Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid, this mode is not only installed complexity, and the influence of certainty of measurement and flow measurement precision because the detection of viscosity can be under pressure simultaneously, error is bigger.Moreover the viscosity characteristics of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid is the performance that characterizes Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid from the performance of fluid, its not with magnetorheological polishing in Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid directly related in polishing area to the shear stress of optical material, therefore can not reflect fully that the material of polishing fluid in the magnetorheological polishing is removed characteristic.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention just is: at the technical problem that prior art exists, the invention provides a kind of simple and compact for structure, with low cost, control accuracy is high, good stability, can process for magnetorheological polishing for a long time and provide the time grown cheap, reliable, that stablize Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid to stablize the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid EGR of polishing fluid performance.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the solution that the present invention proposes is: the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid EGR of stablizing the polishing fluid performance during a kind of length, it is characterized in that: it comprises liquid blending tank, kinetic pump, electromagnetic flowmeter, nozzle, retracting device, recovery pump, cooler, water tank and the computer that links to each other by pipeline, described kinetic pump links to each other with the liquid blending tank, the liquid blending tank links to each other with water tank by measuring pump, and cooler links to each other with the liquid blending tank by cooling line; Form the polishing fluid closed circuit by liquid blending tank, electromagnetic flowmeter, nozzle, retracting device and recovery pump that the polishing circulation line links to each other successively, form non-polishing closed circuit by liquid blending tank, electromagnetic flowmeter that non-polishing circulation line links to each other successively, the polishing fluid closed circuit is in parallel with non-polishing closed circuit and be provided with switching control valve at both places in parallel, and one section pipeline outside between liquid blending tank and the switching control valve is arranged with spiral winding; Electromagnetic flowmeter links to each other with input end and computer with spiral winding, and the control output end of computer links to each other with switching control valve, cooler, kinetic pump and measuring pump respectively.
Described liquid blending tank comprises liquid blending tank tank body and cooling water tank, be provided with internal partition in the liquid blending tank tank body, form cooling water tank between internal partition and the liquid blending tank tank wall, offer the refluxing opening that links to each other with retracting device on the liquid blending tank tank body, offer the cooling water inlet and the coolant outlet that link to each other with cooling line on the cooling water tank.
The drive motors of described kinetic pump is installed on the liquid blending tank tank body, and the power pump shaft that links to each other with drive motors is positioned at liquid blending tank tank body, is equiped with one or more stirring vane on the described power pump shaft.
Described retracting device comprises retracting device seat, permanent magnetic strip and retracting device absorption tube, the inside of retracting device seat is hollow form and forms between the retracting device liquid storage, the retracting device absorption tube is installed between the retracting device liquid storage, the retracting device absorption tube links to each other with the recovery pump, and described permanent magnetic strip is the place, outer ring that the shape that goes in ring is arranged in the retracting device seat.
Described nozzle comprises pipe and magnetic defense shell in the nozzle, and pipe is installed in the magnetic defense shell and with the polishing circulation line and is connected in the nozzle.
Described computer links to each other with kinetic pump by frequency converter.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention just is:
The present invention stablizes the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid EGR of polishing fluid performance when 1, can grow, by the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid in the circulation being carried out the Comprehensive Control of flow, magnetic-particle content and temperature, stability when having improved Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid performance long is for high-precision optical processing provides favourable support.By in the liquid blending tank, adding the cooling device that to control temperature, kept the temperature stability of the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid in the circulation, thereby made the performance of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid get rid of the influence that temperature fluctuation is introduced; By the flow in the EGR is carried out closed-loop control, can keep the flow velocity of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid stable, thereby guarantee the process stabilizing in the magnetorheological polishing process; Be wound with the pipeline of spiral winding by adding, measure the inductance value of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid in real time, obtain the magnetic-particle content value of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid with the relation between the inductance according to magnetic-particle content, in cyclic process, add control, the stable components that can keep Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid, thus guarantee that the removal efficient of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid under the high strength gradient magnetic is constant.Utilize the method for Comprehensive Control temperature, flow and magnetic-particle content, the various features that has finally guaranteed Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid in magnetorheological polishing process is constant, remove the unanimity of function model, the magnetorheological polishing controlled for the certainty high accuracy provides reliable guarantee;
Stablize the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid EGR of polishing fluid performance when 2, the present invention can grow, stable two kinds of patterns when providing the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid performance long: Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid polishing circulation pattern and Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid non-polishing circulation pattern.Open and close by the computer control switching solenoid valve and can realize freely switching of two kinds of circulation patterns, add man-hour carrying out optics, use Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid to polish circulation pattern; When non-processing unmanned, can adopt the non-polishing circulation pattern of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid, can satisfy like this optics process particularly heavy caliber, high-precision optical add long, the convergence of process-cycle in man-hour often, discontinuity characteristics repeatedly, stability when keeping Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid performance long;
The present invention stablizes the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid EGR of polishing fluid performance when 3, can grow, its retracting device utilizes the permanent magnetic strip generation magnetic field of endless belt breach to stop that the continuation of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid is mobile, form " flexibility is extorted sheet " of a similar hairbrush, Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid can be reclaimed smoothly, avoid traditional recover to use copper sheet etc. to stop that Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid causes shortcomings such as friction, scuffing polishing disk, can keep the circularity and the precision of polishing wheel better; Retracting device is designed to cup-shaped, makes Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid loss reduce, reclaim cleaner, makes the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid stable components constant; The installation of retracting device is not to adopt ordinary Installation Modes to place a side of polishing wheel, but is placed on the top of polishing wheel, has not only saved the installing space of inversion type polishing wheel, and helps the magnetorheological polishing processing of heavy caliber high-steepness optical part;
The present invention stablizes the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid EGR of polishing fluid performance when 4, can grow, its nozzle has been removed pressure sensor, therefore simpler in not only compact more on the structure, the moulding, and reduced Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid and flow through the pressure loss that nozzle brings, make the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid liquid stream of ejection more concentrated, fine and close;
Stablize the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid EGR of polishing fluid performance when 5, the present invention can grow, utilize frequency converter that centrifugal pump is carried out speed regulating control, simple and convenient, be easy to realize the closed-loop control of flow.Flow by real-time detection Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid, then according to rotating speed with the difference control centrifugal pump of setting flow, reduced in the magnetorheological polishing process because the pulsation of peristaltic pump, magnetorheological " ribbon " incision workpiece, the out-of-roundness of polishing wheel and the flowed fluctuation of reclaiming bad introducing, improved the glossing parameter and removed the stability of function model.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 stablizes Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid performance devices overall construction drawing when being the present invention's length;
Fig. 2 is a nozzle arrangements schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is an inversion type retracting device structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a liquid blending tank structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 5 stablizes Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid Properties Control flow chart when being the present invention's length;
Fig. 6 is Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid flow of the present invention, magnetic-particle content control curve.
Marginal data
1, polishing wheel 2, computer
3, liquid blending tank 4, kinetic pump
5, measuring pump 6, water tank
7, workpiece 8, recovery pump
9, electromagnetic flowmeter 10, spiral winding
11, retracting device 12, switching control valve
13, cooler 14, frequency converter
15, nozzle 16, cooling line
17, polishing circulation line 18, non-polishing circulation line
19, pipe in cable 20, the nozzle
21, magnetic defense shell 22, pipeline connecting thread
23, between permanent magnetic strip 24, retracting device liquid storage
25, retracting device absorption tube 26, retracting device seat
27, tube connector screw thread 28, drive motors
29, kinetic pump pump shaft 30, refluxing opening
31, reflux tube joint 32, liquid blending tank tank body
33, stirring vane 34, cooling water inlet
35, kinetic pump inlet 36, cooling water tank
37, kinetic pump pump aquaporin 38, coolant outlet
39, kinetic pump outlet
The specific embodiment
Below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further details.
As shown in Figure 1, stablize the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid EGR of polishing fluid performance during a kind of length of the present invention, it comprises liquid blending tank 3, kinetic pump 4, electromagnetic flowmeter 9, nozzle 15, retracting device 11, recovery pump 8, cooler 13, water tank 6 and the computer 2 that links to each other by pipeline, kinetic pump 4 links to each other with liquid blending tank 3, liquid blending tank 3 links to each other with water tank 6 by measuring pump 5, and cooler 13 links to each other with liquid blending tank 3 by cooling line 16; Form the polishing fluid closed circuits by liquid blending tank 3, electromagnetic flowmeter 9, nozzle 15, retracting device 11 and recovery pump 8 that polishing circulation line 17 links to each other successively, form non-polishing closed circuit by liquid blending tank 3, electromagnetic flowmeter 9 that non-polishing circulation line 18 links to each other successively, the polishing fluid closed circuit is in parallel with non-polishing closed circuit and be provided with switching control valve 12 at both places in parallel, is arranged with spiral winding 10 outside one section pipeline between liquid blending tank 3 and the switching control valve 12; Electromagnetic flowmeter 9 links to each other with the input of spiral winding 10 with computer 2, and the control output end of computer 2 links to each other with switching control valve 12, cooler 13, kinetic pump 4 and measuring pump 5 respectively.In preferred embodiment, computer 2 links to each other with kinetic pump 4 by frequency converter 14, and switching control valve 12 adopts magnetic valve, reclaims pump 8 and adopts peristaltic pump.Under the default conditions, magnetic valve is in the state that makes Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid circulation line 17 be in connection, and promptly EGR is in Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid polishing circulation pattern.Magnetic valve is by computer 2 controls, when EGR will be polished circulation pattern and be switched to the non-polishing circulation pattern of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid by Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid, computer 2 gives magnetic valve a make-and-break signal, the control magnetic valve is connected 17 sealings of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid circulation line simultaneously with Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid circulation line 18; Otherwise, when EGR will be when the non-polishing recurrent state of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid switches to Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid polishing recurrent state, computer 2 sends make-and-break signal of magnetic valve equally to, the control magnetic valve is with 18 sealings of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid circulation line, and Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid circulation line 17 is connected, so just can guarantee that Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid is in the polishing recurrent state, thereby carry out magnetorheological polishing processing, these two kinds of mode of operations can provide performance uniformly stable Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid for the magnetorheological polishing processing of long-time discontinuity.Under Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid polishing circulation pattern, centrifugal pump pumps the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid in the liquid blending tank 3, Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid is flowed through by polishing circulation line 17 and is wound with the pipeline of spiral winding 10, electromagnetic flowmeter 9, flow to nozzle 15 places behind the magnetic valve, nozzle 15 is sprayed onto Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid on the polishing wheel 1, polishing wheel 1 rotation is brought Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid into machining area workpiece 5 is removed, reach the top of polishing wheel then again with the rotation of polishing wheel, thereby enter inversion type retracting device 11, the inversion type retracting device is connecting peristaltic pump, peristaltic pump is pumped into Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid in the liquid blending tank again by polishing circulation line 17 and magnetic valve, thereby realizes recycling of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid in the magnetorheological polishing processing; Under the non-polishing pattern of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid, centrifugal pump 4 pumps Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid from liquid blending tank 3, be pumped back in the liquid blending tank 3 via the pipeline that is wound with spiral winding 10, electromagnetic flowmeter 9, magnetic valve and non-polishing circulation line 18, realized the stable circulation of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid under the non-polishing condition.
Referring to shown in Figure 2, in the present embodiment, nozzle 15 comprises pipe 20 and magnetic defense shell 21 in the nozzle, and pipe 20 is installed in the magnetic defense shell 21 and with polishing circulation line 17 and is connected in the nozzle.The Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid that nozzle 15 is come centrifugal pump 4 pumpings to polishing wheel 1, provides the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid of continous-stable with certain shape spray feed for magnetorheological polishing.In order to prevent in the nozzle that pipe 20 is magnetized, and then influence Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid flowability therein, manages 20 in the nozzle by nonmagnetic substance manufacturing, for example stainless steel.Pipe 20 is installed in the magnetic defense shell 21 in the nozzle, and magnetic defense shell 21 is made by soft magnetic materials, can shield the magnetic interference of the magnetic field introducing that produces from electromagnet in the polishing wheel like this, Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid is managed in nozzle in 20 flow freely.There is pipeline connecting thread 22 porch of nozzle 15, is used for polishing circulation line 17 connections of nozzle 15 with magnetic flow liquid.Because the present invention is wound with the inductance value of the pipeline 10 of spiral winding and obtains magnetic-particle content in the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid by measurement, thereby realize the stable control of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid performance.No longer need viscosity is measured, therefore make the structure of nozzle 15 compact more, length also can correspondingly shorten, not only provide cost savings, and reduced the pressure loss of nozzle 15 place's Magnetorheologicai polishing liquids, the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid stream of ejection is concentrated closely more, helped the stable formation of " polishing ribbon ".
Referring to shown in Figure 3, retracting device 11 comprises retracting device seat 26, permanent magnetic strip 23 and retracting device absorption tube 25, the inside of retracting device seat 26 is hollow form and forms between the retracting device liquid storage 24, retracting device absorption tube 25 is installed in 24 between the retracting device liquid storage, retracting device absorption tube 25 links to each other with recovery pump 8, and permanent magnetic strip 23 is the place, outer ring that the shape that goes in ring is arranged in retracting device seat 26.In the present embodiment, retracting device 11 adopts inversion type retracting device 11, and inversion type retracting device 11 is the cup-shaped receptacle of an inner hollow on the whole, and the permanent magnetic strip 23 of a circle annular is being pasted in the outer ring of retracting device seat 26.The polishing wheel that is rotated when Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid is when nozzle 15 brings to inversion type retracting device 11, Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid is hardening rapidly under the effect of permanent magnetic strip 23, thereby form the flexible endless belt of a circle be enclosed in retracting device seat 26 around, only flow down the space at the inner recess place of retracting device seat 26, therefore Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid is entering between the retracting device liquid storage 24 under the extruding of the endless belt of flexibility, retracting device absorption tube 25 is installed in 24 between the retracting device liquid storage, it links to each other with the peristaltic pump of being responsible for reclaiming 8 by the tube connector screw thread, like this, Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid is just sucked back in the liquid blending tank 3 by peristaltic pump 8 by retracting device absorption tube 25, has kept the continuous renewal of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid.
Referring to shown in Figure 4, liquid blending tank 3 comprises liquid blending tank tank body 32 and cooling water tank 36, be provided with internal partition in the liquid blending tank tank body 32, form cooling water tank 36 between internal partition and liquid blending tank tank body 32 outer walls, offer the refluxing opening 30 that links to each other with retracting device 11 on the liquid blending tank tank body 32, offer the cooling water inlet 34 and the coolant outlet 38 that link to each other with cooling line 16 on the cooling water tank 36.The drive motors 28 of kinetic pump 4 is installed on the liquid blending tank tank body 32, and the kinetic pump pump shaft 29 that links to each other with drive motors 28 is positioned at liquid blending tank tank body 32, is equiped with one or more stirring vane 33 on the kinetic pump pump shaft 29.In the present embodiment, kinetic pump 4 adopts centrifugal pump, it is fixed in the liquid blending tank tank body 32 by installing hole, cooling water tank 36 is the hollow parts between liquid blending tank 3 outer walls and the inwall, cooling water inlet 34 is in the lower part of liquid blending tank tank body 32, it links to each other by pipeline with delivery port of cooler 13, and the recirculated cooling water of constant temperature 34 enters liquid blending tank tank body 32 inside Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid is cooled off from the cooling water inlet, flows back to cooler 13 by coolant outlet 38 then.Liquid blending tank tank body 32 profiles are cylindrical, made by nonmagnetic substance such as duralumin.Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid refluxing opening 30 connects magnetic valve 12 by reflux tube joint 31, the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid that reclaims enters into liquid blending tank 3 inside by Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid refluxing opening 30, in liquid blending tank 3 inside, drive motors 28 drives Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid stirring vane 33 rotations that are installed in above the kinetic pump pump shaft 29, Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid to liquid blending tank 3 inside stirs fully, can prevent the sedimentation of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid in jar like this.Be pumped in the kinetic pump pump aquaporin 37 through kinetic pump inlet 35 by the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid after fully stirring, reach centrifugal delivery side of pump 39 places then, enter into the pipeline 10 that connection is wound with spiral winding at last, realized the continuous supply of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid.
Among the present invention, the control of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid performance is made up of temperature control device, flow control mechanism and these three parts of magnetic-particle content controlling organization respectively, and this three stablizes when partly mechanism realizes Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid performance long by the comprehensive function between them and controls.
Temperature control device comprises cooler 13 and cooling line 16, cooler 11 has temperature control function, it links to each other by the electromagnet coil and the liquid blending tank 3 of cooling line 16 with field generator for magnetic, cooler 11 is delivered to the water pump of constant temperature in electromagnet coil and the liquid blending tank 3, Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid in the circulation is cooled off, and the temperature stabilization that remains Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid is at some steady state values.
Flow control mechanism comprises electromagnetic flowmeter 9, frequency converter 14 and centrifugal pump.Computer 2 links to each other with electromagnetic flowmeter 9 by cable 19, when Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid passes through electromagnetic flowmeter 9, electromagnetic flowmeter 9 can be real-time the flow that detects Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid, and send flow value to computer 2 by cable 19, computer 2 is compared the actual flow value that obtains with the flow value of setting, computer 2 is according to the difference between them then, utilize certain algorithm to draw control signal and send control signal to frequency converter 14, because the output of frequency converter 14 links to each other with centrifugal pump 4, frequency converter 14 just can be controlled the rotating speed increase of centrifugal pump 4 or reduce like this, make the flow of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid can remain near some flow values of setting, satisfy the technological requirement of magnetorheological polishing discharge stability.
Magnetic-particle contains amount control device and comprises pipeline, measuring pump 5 and the water tank 6 that is wound with spiral winding 10.Computer 2 links to each other with measuring pump 5 with spiral winding 10 respectively by cable 19, and the inlet of measuring pump 5 is connected with water tank 6 by polishing circulation line 17, and its outlet then is connected to liquid blending tank 3 by polishing circulation line 17.Computer 2 is monitored the magnetic-particle content of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid in real time by cable 19, when the magnetic-particle in the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid contains quantitative change when big, computer 2 sends enabling signal to measuring pump 5, measuring pump 2 is started working, thereby in liquid blending tank 3, add water, make the magnetic-particle content of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid little when setting value when adding water, computer 2 sends stop signal to measuring pump 5 again, make measuring pump 5 stop to add water, thereby keep the stable of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid magnetic-particle content by a such real-time closed-loop control.
Device of the present invention has two kinds of mode of operations: Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid polishing circulation pattern and the non-polishing circulation pattern of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid.Performance by control Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid under two kinds of working methods, stablize when realizing Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid performance long, be further understanding, introduce in detail below in conjunction with schematic diagram and stablize the operation principle of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid performance under two kinds of mode of operations when long.
Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid polishing circulation pattern:
Under Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid polishing circulation pattern, Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid is added among the liquid blending tank 3, after whole device entry into service, Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid is pumped into from liquid blending tank 3 in the polishing circulation line 17 by kinetic pump 4, Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid one road pipeline and the electromagnetic flowmeter 9 of flowing through and being wound with spiral winding 10 then, arrive nozzle 15 places by switching control valve 12, Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid is ejected on inversion polishing wheel 1 surface of rotation from nozzle, along with polishing wheel 1 arrives polishing area workpiece is carried out the material removal, Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid was brought to the top of polishing wheel 1 after removal was finished along with the rotation of polishing wheel 1, by the inversion type retracting device 11 that connect to reclaim pump 8 it is reclaimed continuously, Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid after the recovery is got back in the liquid blending tank 3 through polishing circulation line 17 and switching control valve 12 again, thereby has finished the once circulation of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid under the polishing circulation pattern.In case after setting up the normal circulation of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid and flowing, just need control in real time,, thereby carry out magnetorheological polishing so that its property retention stablizes to the performance of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid.In the process that the performance of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid is controlled, the initial value of setting temperature, flow and the magnetic-particle content of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid is essential.After having set their initial value, temperature control device and flow control mechanism have just been started working.Fig. 5 has shown the flow chart of stable performance control when Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid is long, cooler 13 determines according to the actual temperature of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid and the fiducial value of design temperature whether it works, if the actual temperature of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid is higher than or is lower than design temperature, cooler 13 just begins by carry recirculated water with set temperature value in liquid blending tank 3 so that its temperature remains near the set temperature value; Meanwhile, computer 2 compares by the electromagnetic flowmeter 9 real-time flow value Hunan of measuring the flow of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid and setting together, when if the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid flow is less than normal, then computer 2 sends control signal to frequency converter 14, frequency converter 14 is controlled kinetic pump 4 again and is quickened, and actual flow is increased to reach the flow value of setting; And if the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid flow is when bigger than normal, 2 in computer sends the signal that control kinetic pump 4 rotating speeds reduce to frequency converter, and the actual flow that makes kinetic pump 4 pump Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid reduces to be consistent with the flow value of setting.Fluctuation＜5% when the temperature of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid and flow are all relatively stable, the magnetic-particle content control system begins to play a role, in order to keep the stable of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid, computer 2 by cable 19 real-time obtain the measured inductance value of spiral winding 10, computer 2 calculates magnetic-particle content value in the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid with the inductance value that obtains, and will compare with setting value, if the magnetic-particle content value of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid is greater than setting value, computer 2 sends control signal by cable 19 to the measuring pump 5 that is connected with water tank 6 so, measuring pump 5 is opened in liquid blending tank 3, added water, the magnetic-particle content of the current Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid of detection that simultaneous computer 2 does not stop, in case magnetic-particle content is less than setting value, computer 2 just sends stopping signal to measuring pump 5, stops measuring pump 5 and add water in liquid blending tank 3; And if the magnetic-particle content of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid is less than setting value, then computer 2 will be monitored magnetic-particle content in the magnetic flow liquid till it is higher than setting value always, the magnetic-particle content value generally can not arbitrarily be set, its character iron powder concentration with Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid itself, particle diameter, rheological characteristic etc. are relevant, usually be set near its initial measured value, Fig. 6 has shown flow and the magnetic-particle content control curve that uses the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid that these apparatus and method obtain.
Spiral winding 10 can be measured the magnetic-particle content of the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid in the circulation, according to measuring, the influence of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid flow velocity, flow and pressure during this measuring method is not circulated has higher precision, and hardware is realized simple.Technological experiment shows that there is following relation in the magnetic-particle content in the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid with the pipeline inductance that is wound with spiral winding:
γ＝(a*L)
b+c
Wherein, the magnetic-particle content in γ-Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid
L-liquid inductance value
A, b, c-system constants, relevant with the character of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid, b=1 generally speaking.
The non-polishing circulation pattern of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid:
The non-polishing circulation pattern of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid mainly comprises liquid blending tank 3, kinetic pump 4, switching control valve 12, spiral winding 10, electromagnetic flowmeter 9 and non-polishing circulation line 18.Non-polishing circulation pattern mainly is in order to satisfy process-cycle length, to restrain often, be interrupted characteristics repeatedly, magnetic flow liquid under the non-polishing condition is kept with the identical stability of the magnetic flow liquid under the polishing condition, thereby reduce the non-cutting time between non-polishing and the polishing, raise the efficiency, it does not need staff on duty simultaneously, designs humanized.Under the non-polishing circulation pattern of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid, Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid pumps from liquid blending tank 3 by kinetic pump 4, directly gets back in the liquid blending tank 3 through the pipeline, electromagnetic flowmeter 9, switching control valve 12 and the non-polishing circulation line 18 that are wound with spiral winding 10.Its control method is identical with the polishing circulation pattern, is temperature and the flow of stablizing earlier Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid equally, the stable performance that keeps Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid then by the magnetic-particle content of real-time monitoring liquid.In general, non-polishing circulation pattern is equivalent to park mode, it provides polishing fluid for magnetorheological polishing, the performance of just simple maintenance liquid does not change, often be to change non-polishing circulation pattern over to by the polishing circulation pattern, therefore temperature, flow and the magnetic-particle content of setting does not need to change, and only needs to open non-polishing circulation line 18 simultaneously by computer 2 control switching control valve 12 sealing polishing circulation lines 17 and gets final product.If get back to the polishing recurrent state from non-polishing recurrent state, do not need to change the setting value of temperature, flow and magnetic-particle content equally, only need control switching control valve 12 to close non-polishing circulation line 18 and open polishing circulation line 17 simultaneously, so just can utilize the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid of stable performance to carry out optics processing, simple and convenient and reliable and stable.
Claims (8)
1, stablizes the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid EGR of polishing fluid performance during a kind of length, it is characterized in that: it comprises liquid blending tank (3), kinetic pump (4), electromagnetic flowmeter (9), nozzle (15), retracting device (11), recovery pump (8), cooler (13), water tank (6) and the computer (2) that links to each other by pipeline, described kinetic pump (4) links to each other with liquid blending tank (3), liquid blending tank (3) links to each other with water tank (6) by measuring pump (5), and cooler (13) links to each other with liquid blending tank (3) by cooling line (16); Form the polishing fluid closed circuit by liquid blending tank (3), electromagnetic flowmeter (9), nozzle (15), retracting device (11) and recovery pump (8) that polishing circulation line (17) links to each other successively, form non-polishing closed circuit by liquid blending tank (3), electromagnetic flowmeter (9) that non-polishing circulation line (18) links to each other successively, the polishing fluid closed circuit is in parallel with non-polishing closed circuit and be provided with switching control valve (12) at both places in parallel, is arranged with spiral winding (10) outside one section pipeline between liquid blending tank (3) and the switching control valve (12); Electromagnetic flowmeter (9) links to each other with the input of spiral winding (10) with computer (2), and the control output end of computer (2) links to each other with switching control valve (12), cooler (13), kinetic pump (4) and measuring pump (5) respectively.
2, stablize the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid EGR of polishing fluid performance during according to claim 1 length, it is characterized in that: described liquid blending tank (3) comprises liquid blending tank tank body (32) and cooling water tank (36), be provided with internal partition in the liquid blending tank tank body (32), form cooling water tank (36) between internal partition and liquid blending tank tank body (32) outer wall, offer the refluxing opening (30) that links to each other with retracting device (11) on the liquid blending tank tank body (32), offer the cooling water inlet (34) and the coolant outlet (38) that link to each other with cooling line (16) on the cooling water tank (36).
3, stablize the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid EGR of polishing fluid performance during according to claim 2 length, it is characterized in that: the drive motors (28) of described kinetic pump (4) is installed on the liquid blending tank tank body (32), the kinetic pump pump shaft (29) that links to each other with drive motors (28) is positioned at liquid blending tank tank body (32), is equiped with one or more stirring vane (33) on the described kinetic pump pump shaft (29).
Stablize the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid EGR of polishing fluid performance during 4, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described length, it is characterized in that: described retracting device (11) comprises retracting device seat (26), permanent magnetic strip (23) and retracting device absorption tube (25), the inside of retracting device seat (26) is hollow form and forms between the retracting device liquid storage (24), retracting device absorption tube (25) is installed in (24) between the retracting device liquid storage, retracting device absorption tube (25) links to each other with recovery pump (8), and described permanent magnetic strip (23) is the place, outer ring that the shape that goes in ring is arranged in retracting device seat (26).
Stablize the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid EGR of polishing fluid performance during 5, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described length, it is characterized in that: described nozzle (15) comprises pipe (20) and magnetic defense shell (21) in the nozzle, and pipe (20) is installed in the magnetic defense shell (21) and with polishing circulation line (17) and is connected in the nozzle.
6, stablize the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid EGR of polishing fluid performance during according to claim 4 length, it is characterized in that: described nozzle (15) comprises pipe (20) and magnetic defense shell (21) in the nozzle, and pipe (20) is installed in the magnetic defense shell (21) and with polishing circulation line (17) and is connected in the nozzle.
Stablize the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid EGR of polishing fluid performance during 7, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described length, it is characterized in that: described computer (2) links to each other with kinetic pump (4) by frequency converter (14).
8, stablize the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid EGR of polishing fluid performance during according to claim 6 length, it is characterized in that: described computer (2) links to each other with kinetic pump (4) by frequency converter (14).
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