CN101104346A - 压印固化的场排列的特殊效果薄片的涂层和由此形成的图像 - Google Patents

压印固化的场排列的特殊效果薄片的涂层和由此形成的图像 Download PDF

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CN101104346A
CN101104346A CNA2007101226857A CN200710122685A CN101104346A CN 101104346 A CN101104346 A CN 101104346A CN A2007101226857 A CNA2007101226857 A CN A2007101226857A CN 200710122685 A CN200710122685 A CN 200710122685A CN 101104346 A CN101104346 A CN 101104346A
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阿尔博特·阿革帝亚
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种以图像形式形成器件的装置和方法，其作为安全器件特别有用，其中磁性排列的颜料涂层在第一基底上的可释放层上涂覆并压印，或例如热压印到其它基底或物体上。多个压印的已排列区域可以在其它基底或物体上以区域作品或镶嵌图案的形式被不同地定向。例如具有以北－南方向的定向的薄片的压印的已排列薄片的区域可以被压印在物体或基底的一个区域并且从同一个基底上移开的压印的相同薄片的其它区域可以东－西方向的定向被压印在相同物体上。通过在可释放基底上第一排列固化中的薄片，这些薄片可以以不同区域的形状和尺寸压印以粘附地固定到另一个基底或物体上。

Description

压印固化的场排列的特殊效果薄片的涂层和由此形成的图像
[1]技术领域
[2]本发明通常涉及光学可变颜料、薄膜、器件和图像，并且更具体地涉及例如在着色或印刷过程中排列或定向场可排列的颜料薄片，并且随后转移场排列的颜料薄片区域到物体或基底上以获得对例如在安全应用中有用的所需要的光学效果。
[3]背景技术
[4]本发明同样涉及那些可以在磁场或电场中排列或定向的场可排列的颜料，例如，具有形成衍射光学可变图像器件(“DOVID”)的光学衍射结构的薄片，例如，可定向的衍射颜料薄片和立体图、活动图(linegrams)、图案元件定向器件、点定向器件、像素定向器件和定向光学可变颜料薄片。
[5]光学可变颜料(″OVP′s″  )在各种各样的应用中被使用。它们可以被使用在涂料或油墨中，或与塑料混合使用。这种涂料或油墨被使用于装饰用途或在货币中作为防伪措施。OVP的一种类型是在基底上使用了许多薄膜层以形成光学干涉结构。通常，电介质分隔层常在反射体上形成，并且然后光学吸收材料层在分隔层上形成。为了附加的效果可以添加附加层，例如添加附加的分隔体-吸收体层对。作为选择，可以制备包括(高-低-高)n或(低-高-低)n的电介质材料，或两者结合的光学堆。
[6]美国专利6,902,807和美国专利申请公开号2007/0058227，2006/0263539，2006/0097515，2006/0081151，2005/0106367和2004/0009309公开了与颜料薄片的生产和排列有关的各种实施例以提供可在安全应用中使用的图像。
[7]为了所有的意图和目的，所有上述专利和申请通过参考在此引用。
[8]虽然悬浮在运载体中的一些颜料薄片可以在电场中排列，在磁场中排列磁性可定向的薄片通常更可行。此后所使用的术语磁性薄片意思是可以在磁场中排列的薄片。这些薄片本身可以是磁性的或可以不是磁性的。
[9]光学可变器件被使用于装饰和实用的各种各样的应用中，例如，这种器件作为安全器件被使用在商业产品中。光学可变器件可以以许多方法制造以实现各种效果。光学可变器件的例子包括印刷在信用卡和正版软件文件上的全息图，印刷在钞票上的变色图像，和增强例如摩托车头盔和轮罩的物品的表面外观。
[10]光学可变器件可以被做成粘附到物体上的薄膜或箔片，并且也可以使用光学可变颜料制作。由于用这种颜料适当印刷的图像的外观颜色随着观察和/或照明角度的倾斜而改变，光学可变颜料的一种类型通常称为变色颜料。一个常见的例子是用变色颜料在美国的二十美元钞票的较低右下角印刷的“20”，其作为一种防伪器件。
[11]一些防伪器件是隐藏的，而其它是有意要被注意到的。但是，由于器件的光学可变外表不是十分生动，一些有意要被注意到的光学可变器件并不被广泛地了解。例如，用变色颜料印刷的图像的变色在均匀的荧光顶灯下可能不被注意到，但在直接目光或在单点照明下较容易被注意到。因为接受器可能没有意识到光学可变特征，或因为伪钞在某些条件下看上去可能基本上类似于真正的钞票，对于伪造者而言，没有光学可变特征的伪钞更容易通过检查。
[12]由于需要继续设计难于伪造并易于鉴别的器件，更多有趣的和有用的器件变得可用。
[13]例如，以Raksha等名义的美国专利申请公开号20060194040公开了一种方法和图像，该图像通过施加第一磁性可排列的薄片涂层；磁性排列第一可排列的薄片涂层；固化排列的薄片，并重复该步骤，即在第一已固化的已排列的薄片涂层上施加第二磁性可排列的薄片涂层，在磁场中排列第二薄片涂层并随后固化该第二涂层来形成。这种两步涂覆，排列和固化顺序允许第一被施加的薄片以与第二被施加的薄片不同的定向被磁性排列。
[14]虽然专利申请20060194040提供了有用的结果，它渴望实现相似但不同的图像，其中图像中的场可被不同地定向，并且其中这种两步涂覆顺序不是必须的。
[15]此外，它有用地提供了一种方法和由该方法所得到的图像，其中由场可排列薄片形成的图像区域被用于形成镶嵌图案，其中排列图像的压印出的排列部分可以被重新定向并施加到物体或基底上以形成与原始排列的图像不同的所需要的图案或图像。
[16]本发明的一个目的是提供光学可变图像，其中场排列的薄片的图像的一个或多个区域被压印出，并且以优选的定向被粘附到基底上。
[17]发明内容
[18]根据本发明，提供一种形成图像的方法，包括以下步骤：
a)用在其中具有场可排列的薄片的颜料涂覆基底；
b)施加场到该场可排列的薄片上以沿着所施加的场线排列该薄片；
c)在步骤(b)执行后固化颜料；和
d)用具有预定形状的印花压印已固化的涂覆的基底区域以产生由已排列的薄片形成的压印的可转移的图像。
[19]根据本发明的一个方面，提供一种形成图像的方法，包括以下步骤：
a)用在其中具有场可排列的薄片的颜料可释放地涂覆基底；
b)并施加场到该场可排列的薄片上以沿着所施加的场线排列该薄片；
c)在步骤(b)执行后固化颜料；
d)用具有预定形状的印花压印已固化的涂覆区域以产生由已排列的薄片形成的压印的图像；和，
e)施加该压印的图像到基底或物体上。
[20]根据本发明的一个方面，提供一种图像，其包括薄片在磁场或电场中被排列后施加到基底上的薄片的第一区域；和在磁场或电场中被排列后施加到同一个基底上的薄片的第二区域，其中在基底上的薄片的第一区域与在同一个基底上的薄片的第二区域相比被不同地定向。
[21]根据本发明的另一个方面，提供一种图像，其包括具有施加在其上的第一区域的基底，和施加在其上的固化在载体中的已排列的薄片的第二区域，其中该第一区域包括固化在载体中的已排列的颜料薄片，其中所述的已排列的薄片形成可辨别的图案，其中施加在基底上的第一区域中的所述薄片与在同一个基底上的第二区域的薄片相比被不同地定向，并且其中薄片的第一区域和第二不同区域同时可见。
[22]根据本发明的又一个方面，提供一种图像，其包括在磁场或电场中排列的薄片的第一区域，其中薄片的第一区域在第一基底上排列并固化；薄片的第一区域以已排列薄片的区域的形式从第一基底上被移开并被转移到第二物体或基底上。
[23]根据本发明的再一个方面，提供一种形成图像的方法，其包括以下步骤：
a)涂覆由具有场可排列的薄片的基底支撑的可释放涂层；
b)在磁场或电场下暴露该场可排列的薄片以形成场排列的薄片；
c)使该场排列的薄片固化；
d)从基底上移开该场排列的薄片，同时保持它们的排列；和，
e)以预定的定向转移该场排列的薄片到物体或另一个基底上。
[24]根据本发明的另一个方面，第二压印的图像至少一部分地被施加在第一压印的图像上。
[25]附图说明
[26]本发明的具体实施例将结合附图描述，其中：
[27]图1是在其上具有变化形状的衍射颜料薄片的第一带状基底的平面图，薄片磁性排列以使衍射薄片中的凹槽相互平行垂直于带的纵轴。
[28]图2a是箭头形式的压印模具的平面图；
[29]图2b是用如图2a所示的模具从如图1所示的第一带状基底上压印的箭头形式的已排列薄片的已压印出的箔片区域的平面图。
[30]图3是相对图1所示的基底的定向以90度定向的第一带状基底的平面图，第一带状基底相对于第二压印模具方便地具有带有薄片的压印出的区域，所述薄片相对图2b的压印出的区域具有90度定向。
[31]图4a是具有在其中心带有箭头形开口的圆形压印模具的平面图。
[32]图4b是用图4a所示的圆形压印模具从第一带状基底压印的圆形压印区域。
[33]图4c是在压印的圆形区域上具有压印的箭头箔片的最终图像的平面图，其中在形成箭头箔片的衍射颜料薄片中的衍射光栅的定向垂直于在圆形压印的箔片区域中的衍射结构。
[34]图5是磁性排列的薄片区域的照片，所述薄片被排列以产生3D图像，其中一些薄片在基底平面外。
[35]图6是着色或印刷站的示意图，其中具有可释放硬层的移动带用在其中具有磁性薄片的油墨或涂料涂覆，并且其中所述的带经过在其中具有磁铁的圆筒，该圆筒以所需要的定向排列磁性薄片。
[36]具体实施例
[37]在下面更加详细地描述的一个特定实施例中，本发明使用设置于在磁场中的磁性排列的衍射颜料薄片并随后固化以印刷图像。衍射颜料薄片是通常使用在涂料，油墨，薄膜和塑料中的小粒子，其根据观察角度和入射光角度提供可观察到的可变的颜色，光，色调，和/或色度。例如包括法布里-珀罗型干涉结构的一些衍射颜料改变观察到的颜色并提供衍射效果。利用电介质层的薄膜干涉结构可以同样与微结构衍射图案结合。本发明的一些实施例包括与分隔层和吸收体层结合的衍射反射体层以形成同时具有衍射和薄膜干涉的薄片。因此，本发明所述的场可排列的薄片包括变色薄片，衍射薄片或变色衍射薄片。
[38]与棱镜相似，具有衍射光栅的颜料根据频率将光分散成光谱分量，以使观察到的颜色根据观察角度变化。已经发现如果颜料薄片包括磁性材料，该颜料薄片可以在磁场中定向。对于本申请的目的，“磁性”材料可以是铁磁性或亚铁磁性。镍，钴，铁，钆，铽，镝，铒，和它们的合金和氧化物，Fe/Si，Fe/Ni，Fe/Co，Fe/Ni/Mo，SmCo5，NdCo5，Sm2Co17，Nd2Fe14B，TbFe2，Fe3O4，NiFe2O4，和CoFe2O4，是磁性材料的一些例子。虽然它可以是磁性层或磁性材料的磁性层，但它不必须是磁性层或磁性材料的磁性层，它可以被永久地磁化。在一些实施例中，包括在薄片中的磁性材料可以被永久磁化，但直到在它被施加以形成图像后仍保持未磁化。在另一个实施例中，具有永久磁铁材料的薄片被施加到基底以形成可视图像，并随后磁化以形成可视图像之外的磁性图像。如果在形成图像或与涂料或油墨载体混合之前剩余磁化过高，一些磁性薄片会趋向聚集在一起。
[39]示范性的薄片结构在以Argoitia名义，于2006年8月2日提交的美国专利公开号20060263539中描述，该专利通过参考在此合并，并且该专利描述了用于在油墨载体中支持衍射颜料薄片的各种基底材料。
[40]现在参考图1，显示了薄的PET基底10，该基底10具有涂覆在其上的固定在运载体中的凹槽定向的衍射薄片20的涂层，并一起形成可以被使用在安全应用中的带14。每个薄片具有如图1所示的要被排列的凹槽的衍射图案以使在每个薄片上的凹槽相互平行。这种薄片20的凹槽排列通过用具有包含衍射薄片的透明运载体的油墨来涂覆基底而实现，并随后施加磁场到涂层上，其中磁场线基本平行并垂直于基底10的纵轴。当施加场后，薄片自身排列以使它们的凹槽或线沿着磁场线。涂层随后被固化以使薄片20以这种优选排列被固定。根据施加的场，薄片20可以与基底10共面的平躺或者薄片可以部分或全部直立在基底10上。
[41]以这种方式形成带的一个局限性是，通过薄片的图案在基底上形成的图像依赖于所施加的场的形状。方便地，本发明提供一种方法和图像，其中已排列的固定的薄片区域可以与已排列的薄片区域的镶嵌状图案结合以产生更复杂并有趣的图像和安全器件。
[42]在图1中用油墨涂覆基底10之前，基底用可释放层涂覆以允许油墨层随着可移动板或包括在其中具有已排列的薄片的固化油墨的涂覆区域而被移动。这种涂层适用于热压印或其它类似的转移方法。
[43]热压印转移箔片已经与热压印机器一起提供以将图像固定到例如纸，塑料薄膜和平整的刚性基底的各种基底上。热压印是一个干燥过程。一种商业上可获得的用于将图像热压印到基底上的机器是由Malahide设计和制造有限公司生产的Malahide E4-PK型。这种类型机器在www.hots tamping.com网站上显示并介绍。简单地说，在热压印过程中，模具安装在已加热的图板上，该图板被紧压在热压印箔片的负载滚筒上以将箔片固定到物体或基底上。转移过程中的滚筒可以同样在本发明中使用。在这个例子中，物体基底和粘合剂(UV或热活化的)在间隙处一起出现以实现热压印层到物体基底上的转移。
[44]图像通常利用金属或硅树脂橡胶模具形成，在该模具中所需要的图像已经被切割。这种模具被设置在热压印机器中并被用于利用热和压力的结合将图像按压到热压印箔片上。箔片的背面通常用干燥的热活化的热固粘合剂涂覆，例如丙烯酸脂基的粘合剂。在施加热时，粘合剂在已加热的图像区域变得粘稠并粘附到纸或塑料基底上。热压印在以加利福尼亚州的圣罗莎的FLEX产品有限公司的Roger Phillips名义的美国专利号5,002,312，5,059,245，5,135,812，5,171,363，5,186,787，5,279,657和7,005,178中被描述或提到。
[45]图2a是根据本发明的第一压印模具30的平面图，使用箭头的形式以产生如图2b所示的压印的涂层。当带14被移动而通过压印站时，压印模具30以所示的箭头形状压印涂层以转移到基底。箭头可以如所示定向，其中薄片的凹槽以箭头的方向排列，或者可选择地，可以使用其它定向。
[46]因此在压印带14后，当带14在压印机器中移动通过时，压印模具30产生了箭头形式的带有竖直定向的衍射凹槽的已排列的薄片区域。在本发明的优选实施例中，这是本发明热压印过程中的第一步骤。在热和压力存在下，这种箭头形状的区域被热压印到基底上。
[47]现在参看图3，在第二压印站，相同的带14示出在压印模具40下移动，以使已排列的薄片在模具40中根据切割出的箭头垂直定向。这允许具有以特定方向定向的薄片的每个带14提供具有薄片的压印区域，该薄片所带有的凹槽可以简单地通过改变带被送入到压印设备的角度，而以不同角度定向。这种其它方面基本相同的薄片的两个区域的不同定向在不同于正常入射的照明条件下对两个区域提供不同的视觉效果并且作为物体的鉴别方法或作为施加合成图像的产品是有用的。
[48]如图4b所示，在压印带14后，压印模具40产生了一个圆形区域包围箭头的带有凹槽从左到右定向形式的已排列的薄片区域。通过模具40压印的带14可以是相同或不同的带，如具有衍射薄片凹槽的带14是以象在带14中相同方式定向的。因此相同的带可以使用于两个压印站，或者也可以使用具有以相同方式定向的薄片的不同带。
[49]至此描述的实施例，以这种方式使用在其中具有凹槽或线的衍射薄片以使其相对于基底以特定方向被排列。随后固化的涂层区域被压印出并通过热压印或其它过程施加到不同基底上。当然在压印的衍射基底和物体或与压印区域相连的基底之间可以使用其它适合的粘合剂形式。在衍射颜料中的光散射的方向是光栅频率的函数。对于低频率，观察者将仅仅获得黑白对比而不是色调的变化。频率可以根据所需要的动态效果改变。
[50]在另一个可供选择的实施例中，可以使用非衍射平面薄片，其中该薄片在基底的释放层上场被排列并被固化。随后这些已排列的非衍射薄片可以作为已排列的薄片的固化区域从基底上被移开并以前述的相同方式重新施加到不同的基底或物体上。当通过施加磁场使用平面外排列时，十分有趣的是施加的磁场产生直立的薄片。同样可能提供平面外的衍射薄片并随后压印出的这些薄片的固化区域再次应用于不同的基底。
[51]现在参看图5，显示了具有平面外直立薄片的图像50，其中一些薄片53在平面中与基底平行并且其中其它薄片55直立在基底上接近垂直于基底。
[52]图6显示了一种结构，其中包括可释放的硬层的带60，当其被传送到在其上具有圆形磁铁66的旋转圆筒64上时，用磁性颜料63着色。在磁性颜料63中的薄片由所述圆筒中的所述磁铁产生的场排列并且在颜料中形成的3D图像68被固化。该已固化的3D图像68在被压印并从所述带基底上被释放后随后被施加到其它物体或基底上。
[53]总之，本发明提供一种新颖的和创造性的方法，其中从基底上施加磁性排列的薄片到基底或物体上，其中已排列的薄片的定向可以由转移改变。当然在没有背离本发明精神和范围下，也可以提供各种其它的实施例。

Claims (23)

1.一种形成图像的方法，包括以下步骤：
a)用在其中具有场可排列的薄片的颜料涂层涂覆第一基底；
b)施加磁场或电场到所述颜料涂层以沿着所述磁场或电场的场线排列在其中的所述薄片；
c)在步骤(b)执行后固化所述颜料涂层；和
d)用具有第一形状的印花压印所述固化的涂覆的第一基底区域以产生由已排列的薄片形成的第一压印的可转移的图像。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一压印的可转移的图像从所述第一基底上被移开。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一压印的可转移的图像被转移到物体或第二基底上。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一压印的可转移的图像在其被压印时被转移到物体或第二基底上。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括用具有第二形状的印花压印已固化的涂覆的第一基底的不同区域的步骤，以所述第二形状的印花的形式转移第二压印的可转移的图像到所述物体或第二基底上。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，包括相对定向所述第一压印的图像和所述第二压印的图像的步骤，以使所述第一压印的图像的所述已排列的薄片与所述第二压印的图像中的薄片的排列不平行。
7.根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一压印的可转移的图像通过热压印被转移到所述物体或第二基底上。
8.根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一压印的可转移的图像被粘附地转移到所述物体或第二基底上。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述场可排列的薄片是在其中具有衍射图案的衍射薄片，并且其中步骤(b)使所述衍射薄片以平行于所述场线的衍射图案被排列。
10.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基底在其上具有可释放的涂层，以使所述压印的图像可以从所述可释放的涂层中被释放。
11.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述已排列的薄片是在其中具有衍射图案的衍射排列的薄片，并且其中步骤(d)被执行许多次以产生多个压印的图像，并且其中所述多个压印的图像被施加到不同基底并且其中至少一些所述的被施加的压印的图像一个挨一个地被设置在所述不同基底上，以使它们的衍射图案不平行。
12.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤(d)被执行许多次，并且其中所述压印的图像随后被转移到一个或多个不同基底或同一个基底上，并且其中一个压印的图像至少部分地被施加在另一个压印的图像上。
13.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述场可排列的薄片是变色薄片，衍射薄片或变色衍射薄片。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤(b)使所述薄片以与所述基底成一定角度排列，以使至少一些所述薄片基本上以它们的面垂直于所述基底直立。
15.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤(d)被执行许多次，并且其中所述的压印的图像被转移到基底或物体上。
16.根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述压印的图像具有不同的形状或尺寸。
17.一种形成图像的方法，包括以下步骤：
a)提供在其上具有固化在粘合剂中的磁性排列的薄片的涂层的基底，其中所述涂层是可从所述基底上释放的；和，
b)用模具压印所述基底区域，以使在所述压印区域的所述涂层被转移到其它物体或基底上。
18.一种图像，包括：具有施加在其上的被粘附地固定的第一区域的基底，和被粘附地固定到所述基底上的已排列的薄片的第二区域，其中所述第一区域在被施加到所述基底前由固化在载体中的已排列的颜料薄片形成，其中所述已排列的薄片形成可辨别的图案，其中施加到所述基底上的所述第一区域中的所述薄片与在同一个基底上的所述第二区域中的薄片相比被不同地定向，并且其中所述薄片的第一区域的至少一部分和所述第二区域同时可见并可以相互区分。
19.根据权利要求18所述的图像，其特征在于，在所述第一区域中的所述已排列的颜料薄片包括在其中或其上具有衍射图案的衍射薄片。
20.根据权利要求19所述的图像，其特征在于，被施加到所述第二区域的所述薄片是在其中或其上具有不同图案的衍射薄片。
21.根据权利要求18所述的图像，其特征在于，所述第一区域和所述第二区域包括具有相同薄片成分的薄片。
22.根据权利要求18所述的图像，其特征在于，所述第一区域中的所述薄片和所述第二区域中的所述薄片在所述基底上被不同地定向。
23.根据权利要求18所述的图像，其特征在于，所述薄片是衍射和/或变色磁性可排列的薄片。
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CN117252870B (zh) * 2023-11-15 2024-02-02 青岛天仁微纳科技有限责任公司 一种纳米压印模具的图像处理方法

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CN101104346B (zh) 2011-04-27
CA2592667C (en) 2014-05-13
KR20080006478A (ko) 2008-01-16
TW200806768A (en) 2008-02-01
US20080003413A1 (en) 2008-01-03
AU2007202710A1 (en) 2008-01-31
EP1878585B1 (en) 2014-03-19
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