CN101052078B - 通过局域网布线的电话通信系统和方法 - Google Patents

通过局域网布线的电话通信系统和方法 Download PDF

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CN101052078B
CN101052078B CN2007101064053A CN200710106405A CN101052078B CN 101052078 B CN101052078 B CN 101052078B CN 2007101064053 A CN2007101064053 A CN 2007101064053A CN 200710106405 A CN200710106405 A CN 200710106405A CN 101052078 B CN101052078 B CN 101052078B
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耶呼达·拜恩德
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Examine Vincent Zhi Cai management company
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/20—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path using different combinations of lines, e.g. phantom working
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M11/00—Telephonic communication systems specially adapted for combination with other electrical systems
    • H04M11/06—Simultaneous speech and data transmission, e.g. telegraphic transmission over the same conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M11/00—Telephonic communication systems specially adapted for combination with other electrical systems
    • H04M11/06—Simultaneous speech and data transmission, e.g. telegraphic transmission over the same conductors
    • H04M11/062—Simultaneous speech and data transmission, e.g. telegraphic transmission over the same conductors using different frequency bands for speech and other data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M11/00—Telephonic communication systems specially adapted for combination with other electrical systems
    • H04M11/06—Simultaneous speech and data transmission, e.g. telegraphic transmission over the same conductors
    • H04M11/066—Telephone sets adapted for data transmision
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
    • H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
    • H04B3/542—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines the information being in digital form
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/66—Arrangements for connecting between networks having differing types of switching systems, e.g. gateways
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/64—Hybrid switching systems
    • H04L12/6418—Hybrid transport
    • H04L2012/6421—Medium of transmission, e.g. fibre, cable, radio, satellite
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/64—Hybrid switching systems
    • H04L12/6418—Hybrid transport
    • H04L2012/6424—Access arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/64—Hybrid switching systems
    • H04L12/6418—Hybrid transport
    • H04L2012/6432—Topology
    • H04L2012/644—Star
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S439/00—Electrical connectors
    • Y10S439/95—Electrical connector adapted to transmit electricity to mating connector without physical contact, e.g. by induction, magnetism, or electrostatic field

Abstract

本发明涉及通过局域网布线的电话通信系统和方法，提供了一种使一个局域网布线结构可以在同一个传输媒体上同时承载数字数据和模拟电话信号的方法和装置。它特别适用于一些远地数据单元(例如个人计算机)各通过一条包括至少两对提供双向数据通信通路的导线的电缆连接到一个集线器上的星形拓扑结构的网络。配置在电缆两端的模块通过幻象电路配置内的两对导线为一个靠近数据设备的电话机与一个PBX之间的电话(语音频带)信号提供一个幻象通路。所有这样的通信通路同时工作，不会相互干扰。这些模块由一些简单而又经济的无源电路器件组成。

Description

通过局域网布线的电话通信系统和方法
本申请是申请号为01817795.6、申请日为2001年5月1日、发明名称为“通过局域网布线的电话通信系统和方法”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及用于数据通信和电话的公共网络领域，具体地说涉及在一个建筑物内通过面向数字的局域网布线对电话机联网，同时进行数据传输。
背景技术
小型办公和商务环境通常使用许多各配备有一个电话机和一个计算机的工作单元。通常用两个独立的网络在这些单元之间和在这些单元与外界之间进行通信：一个是连接在这些电话机与外部电话线路之间的电话网，一个是连接单元间的计算机和将这些计算机连接到外部网络线路上的所谓局域网(LAN)。
所谓计算机或个人计算机将理解为包括工作站或其他数据终端设备(DTE)或者至少一个能输入和输出数据的数字设备，每个计算机都包括一个用于连接到一个局域网(LAN)上的接口，用来传输数字数据；任何这样的设备也将称为远地数字设备。所谓电话机将理解为包括任何可以接到一个PSTN(公用交换电话网)上的使用电话频带信号的设备，诸如传真机、自动应答机、拨号调制解调器；任何这样的设备也将称为远地或者本地电话设备。
图1a和1b示出了这样的一个环境，典型的小型办公/商务配置需要两个分开的独立网络。图1a示出了一个电话网络10，它包括一个PABX(专用自动交换机)11，分别通过线路12a、12b、12c和12d与电话设备13a、13b、13c和13d连接。这些电话是POTS(普通电话业务)类型，要求每个连接线路12包括一对连线。
图1b示出了一个使计算机之间可以进行通信的局域网(LAN)15。这样的一个网络包括一个集线器(或者交换式集线器)16，分别通过线路17a、17b、17c和17d与计算机18a、18b、18c和18d连接。流行的LAN类型基于IEEE802.3以太网标准，采用10BaseT或100BaseTX接口，每个连接线路17用两条双绞线：一条用于发送，一条用于接收。
两个分开的网络的安装和维护比较复杂而且不经济。因此，如果有一个合用布线网络系统能适应电话和数据通信两者的要求将是有益的，特别是对于新安装的情况。
一条途径是只设置一个用于标准的计算机间通信的LAN，同时使它也用于电话。这条途径的今天普遍使用的一般方法是应用所谓的因特网协议电话(VoIP)技术。按照这种在本技术领域内已知的技术，电话信号数字化后在任何现有的LAN内作为数据载运。然而，采用这种技术的系统是复杂和不经济的，通过当前可用技术传载的语音的质量比较低。
另一条相反的途径是应用现有的电话基础设施，同时用于电话和数据联网。这样，在家庭或其他建筑物内建立一个新的局域网的任务就简化了，因为不需要安装另外的线路。
Crane的美国专利4,766,402揭示了一种通过双线电话线路形成一个LAN的方式，但是没有电话业务。
频分多路复用(FDM)的原理在本技术领域内是众所周知的，它提供了一种将一条连线的固有带宽分成一个能承载模拟电话信号的低频带和一个能承载数据或其他信号的高频带。这样的技术有时称为“语音上数据(data over voice)”，例如可参见美国专利5,896,443、4,807,225、5,960,066、4,672,605、5,930,340、5,025,443和4,924,492。这种技术也广泛地用于xDSL系统，主要是不对称数字用户环路(ADSL)系统。
图2示意性地例示了一种典型的采用FDM的系统，合用电话/数据网络20在这种情况下通过两条各包括一条双绞线的电缆12a和12b提供到相应两个工作单元的连接。电缆12a的较低部分频谱由分别连接到电缆两端的低通滤波器(LPF)22a和22b隔离。类似地，较高部分频谱由相应的高通滤波器(HPF)21a和21b隔离。电话网络利用较低的频谱部分，将电话机13a和PABX 11连接到各自的LPF上。为了用较高部分的频谱进行数据通信，将电话线路调制解调器23a和23b分别连接到电缆两端的HPF 21a和21b上。集线器16接到调制解调器23a上，而在用户侧，调制解调器23b接到计算机18a上，从而提供了计算机与集线器之间的连接。对另一条电缆12b的频谱作同样的分配，电缆12b通过LPF 22c和22d将电话机13b连接到PABX 11上，而通过接到HPF 21d上的调制解调器23d和接到HPF 21c上的调制解调器23c将计算机13b连接到集线器16上。可以以同样方式添加其他的电话机13和计算机18。这种现有技术的构思可参见Reichert等人的美国专利4,785,448(以下简称为“Reichert”)和Dodds等人的美国专利5,841,841(以下简称“Dodds”)。Reichert和Dodds提出对住宅电话布线应用如上所述的频分多路复用(FDM)技术以便同时承载电话和数据通信信号的方法和设备。
Balatoni的美国专利5,610,922揭示了一种通过一条双绞电话线从一个电话公司位置向一个客户住处同时传送模拟语音电话信号和数字数据业务信号的方法和装置。这种装置包括一个容易安装的语音加数字数据业务远地终端和语音加数字数据业务中心局终端。这种装置可以通过多路复用表示模拟语音电话信号和4线数字数据业务信号的信号，提供3至1线对增容。
采用FDM方法的网络20通常对于每个所连接的单元需要两个调制解调器(例如图2中的23a和23b)。这样的调制解调器是复杂和不经济的。此外，设计成只承载低频(电话)信号的典型电话线路通信质量低，限制了数据通信的数据率和距离。
在电话技术领域内已知形成一个幻象信道(phantom channel)作为在两连线对通信系统内的一个附加通路的构思，可参见分在美国分类370/200下的一些专利。通常，这样一个幻象信道通路用来对远距离设备或中继器供电。在一些由美国专利4,173,714、3,975,594、3,806,814、6,026,078和4,937,811例示的现有技术的系统内，幻象信道用来承载附加的信号，诸如计次和其他辅助信号之类。因此，所有这样的系统只用幻象信道作为辅助主信道上的通信业务的措施。所提到的现有技术都没有用幻象信道来承载附加的通信类业务或者在功能上合并两个不同的网络。
因此所希望的是使一个数据联网系统可以同时提供电话业务而不需要任何附加的布线。
发明内容
本发明的目的是使一个数据联网系统可以同时提供电话业务而不需要任何附加的布线。
按照本发明的一个主要方面，这个目的是用一种与含有至少两对导线的线束一起使用的电路实现的，这种电路包括：
用于与所述线束的一端耦合的第一连接；
用于与至少一个数字设备耦合的第二连接；以及
用于与至少一个电话设备耦合的第三连接，
其特征是：
由所述第一连接中的各连接耦合到所述线束中一对相应导线的相对端的两个所述电路协同形成至少一个幻象信道，使得在通过第三连接中相应连接连接在其相对端的相应电话设备之间能进行电话通信，同时在各在线束的相对端与相应一个所述电路的第二连接耦合的相应数字设备之间进行数字通信。
传统的数据网络用四导线电路配置在两个单元之间提供两个通信信道。例如，在一个基于以太网10BaseT或100BaseTX的局域网内，在一个集线器与一个诸如计算机之类的的DTE之间用了两对导线。采用本发明，通过同样的用于两个通信信道的四导线同时实现诸如在交换机与电话装置之间的POTS连接而不会相互干扰。POTS业务通信通过一个在这四条导线上的幻象电路配置实现。
可以在小型办公或小型商务环境下使用这样的配置，其中用单个布线基础设施将数据和电话信号从一个包括一个集线器和一个交换机的中央位置分配给包括一个电话单元和一个数据单元(例如台式计算机)的远地站。
本发明还提供了一种电路配置，其中一条包括两条双绞导线的电缆为一个所连接的计算机提供一个双向数据通信信道，同时用幻象信道方法为送至和来自一个所连接的电话机的POTS信号提供一个通路。在这个优选实施例中，数据通信信道包括一个以太网IEEE802.3LAN信道和一些10BaseT或100BaseTX接口。
按照本发明，每个双导线对在它的两端各端接有一个中心抽头的初级变压器绕组(以下称为电缆侧绕组)，从而这对的每根导线接到电缆侧绕组的一个相应端上。每个绕组与一个端接到另一对形成用于数据承载信号的连续信道的导线上的次级绕组(以下称为设备侧绕组)电感耦合，其中设备侧绕组接到数据通信设备上。电缆的任何一端的两个初级绕组的中心抽头可连接到一个电话电路的相应导线上，以承载POTS信号。因此，电缆两端的两对导线通过相应的初级变压器绕组的中心抽头形成用来承载电话信号的两导线幻象信道的第一和第二连接。
本发明可以用两个各在双导线对电缆一端的、各含有一个相应电路的模块实现。每个电路包括两个在初级(电缆侧)绕组上有一个中心抽头的变压器。模块保持两对数据通信能力，而同时包括一个通过中心抽头连接的幻象信道，用于电话业务。幻象信道可以通过模块内的一个连接器接入。模块可以是一个独立的单元，或者集成在网络中诸如数字网络集线器、电话交换机、服务器计算机或者电话机之类的任何单元内。或者，模块也可以集成在一个与电缆的一个或两个端连接的墙上引出端内。
在另一个实施例中，模块形成一个套件，用来将现有的局域网升级成同时支持电话联网。
本发明可用于小型办公或小型商务环境，有一个包括一个电话交换机和一个数字网络集中单元(诸如集线器、交换机或路由器)的中央位置，通过LAN布线与多个远地工作站连接。
附图说明
下面将结合附图对仅作为非限制性例子的优选实施例进行说明，以便很好理解本发明和看到实际上它可以怎样实现，在这些附图中：
图1a和1b分别示出了如在一个小型办公室或小型商务环境内使用的普通现有技术的电话机和局域网配置；
图2示出了应用电话布线基础设施的现有技术电话和局域网；
图3示出了按照本发明设计的合用电话和数据通信网络；
图4示意性地示出了一个按照本发明设计的具有多个共享一条公共回线的幻象信道的数据通信网络；
图5a示意性地示出了按照本发明修改的与一个电话机直接耦合的计算机；
图5b示意性地示出了按照本发明修改的与一个计算机直接耦合的电话机；
图6示出了按照本发明为现有的数据通信系统添加幻象信道电话业务的经修改的墙上引出端；以及
图7a至7d示出了按照本发明为现有的数据通信系统添加幻象信道电话业务的可连接的墙上插头连接器的不同视图。
具体实施方式
在以下说明中应当注意的是这些附图和说明只是概念性的。在实际实现中，单个部件可以实现一个或多个功能；或者，每个功能可以由多个部件和电路实现。在这些附图和说明中，一些相同的标注数字用来指示那些对于不同的实施例或配置是共同的部件。
图3例示了本发明的一个优选实施例。网络30是IEEE802.3局域网的一部分，采用10BaseT接口。位于中央位置的集线器16通过含有两个线对17a1和17a2的电缆与一个典型的计算机18a连接。每个线对用来承载只是一个方向的数据，一对(17a1)承载从集线器16至计算机18a的数据，而另一对(17a2)承载另一方向的数据。图3还示出了一个与计算机18a关联、最好在它附近的电话机13a，以及一个最好也在中央位置的电话专用自动交换机(PABX)11。所谓集线器在这里用来表示任何数字网络集中单元，可以指交换式集线器、路由器、服务器计算机，或者指任何具有多个数据端口的数字设备，其中任何一个在这里也称为中央数字设备。同样，PABX在这里用来表示任何类型的中央电话交换单元，也称为中央电话设备。
按照本发明，每个线对的两端各插有一个信号变压器，例如，变压器31a1插在线对17a1的靠近集线器16的端部，而变压器31b1插在线对17a1的靠近计算机18a的端部。类似地，变压器31a2和31b2分别插在线对17a2的靠近集线器16和计算机18a的端部。标有前缀31的信号变压器设计成使经由这些变压器的信号衰减可以忽略。因此，数据通信网络的性能完全保留，集线器16以通常的方式继续充分地与计算机18a通信。这样的变压器在本技术领域内是已知的，通常用于LAN，以便满足隔离和共模抑制的要求。通常，这样的信号变压器配备有一个初级绕组和一个次级绕组，它们都是没有抽头的线圈。在本发明中，标有前缀31的每个信号变压器例如31a2都有一个它的端部与相应的电缆线连接的初级绕组35和一个它的端部与相应的系统部件(集线器16或计算机18a)连接的次级绕组36。
然而，与传统的信号变压器配置不同，按照本发明，每个初级绕组35都有一个中心抽头，对于信号变压器31a1和31a2分别示为37a1和37a2。初级绕组35的端部构成包括两个信号变压器31a1和31a2的电路的第一连接，用来与线束内相应导线对耦合。次级绕组36的端部构成用来与至少一个数字设备如16或18耦合的第二连接；而中心抽头37a1和37a2用作与至少一个电话设备如11或13耦合的第三连接。因此，PABX 11通过两根相应的线38a连接到变压器31a1和31a2的中心抽头37a1和37a2上。类似地，电话机13a分别通过两根相应的线38b连接到变压器31b1和31b2的中心抽头37b1和37b2上。在这种配置中，电话信号以“幻象”方式与数据通信信号一起承载，两者之间没有任何相互干扰。实际上，集线器侧变压器31a1和31a2可以集成形成一个模块32a，而计算机侧变压器31b1和31b2可以集成形成一个模块32b。虽然至此所说明的网络30支持单个计算机和单个电话机，但也可以支持其他的各包括一个电话机和一个计算机的工作单元，每个计算机通过一条相应的两线对电缆、在每条这样的电缆内插入一个由模块32a和32b组成的附加组与集线器16连接。
虽然本发明具体就10BaseT(10Mb/s)接口进行说明，但本发明同样可以应用于100BaseTX(100Mb/s)接口。此外，本发明可以同样应用于任何用至少两个线对的有线联网系统。在信号不合有直流(DC)分量的所有有线通信系统内都可以使用变压器。在诸如那些基于正在发展中的1000BaseTX以太网标准的四对或更多对线的系统中，每两对可用来形成一个幻象信道。因此，四对可以形成两个幻象信道，每个幻象信道通过将每对与一个变压器如上所述那样端接，承载一个POTS电路。或者而且最好如图4所示，三对17a1、17a2和17a3各可以与用作公共返回通路的第四对17a4形成一个幻象信道。在这种情况下，每个电话电路13a、13b和13c各自的两根线中的一根线连接到处在本线对相应端部的各自变压器31b1、31b2和31b3的中心抽头37b1、37b2和37b3上，而另一根线则连接到处在公共线对的相应端部的变压器31b4的中心抽头37b4上。更一般地说，如果有N对导线，每对用作一个数据信道，那就能类似地提供N-1个用于电话业务的幻象信道。
在图3所示的配置中，模块32a和32b是独立的模块，机械上与网络内的其他部件分开。然而，其他配置也是可行的。例如，集线器侧模块32a可以完全或部分地集成在集线器16内。在这种情况下，集线器的现有数据连接单元(诸如所有线路对都接到那里的配线架)最好用含有模块32a的单元代替；此外，还提供了一种电话机连接器，用来将所有电话线连接到PABX上(这些电话线的另一端与它们在模块32a内的相应中心抽头连接)。或者，模块32a同样可以集成在PABX 11内，从而提供与集线器的适当连接。
图5a示意性地示出了计算机侧模块32b完全或部分集成在计算机18a内的配置。因此，变压器31a1和31a2的次级绕组36与计算机18a内的接收器和发送器电路39a和39b连接。变压器31a1和31a2的初级绕组35的端部与一个用于连接到网络上的标准引出端40连接。中心抽头37a1和37a2接到一个使诸如在图3中标为13a的电话机可以接到那里的标准电话机引出端41上。
图5b示意性地示出了模块32b集成入电话机13a的补充配置。这样，变压器31a1和31a2的次级绕组36接到一个用于与诸如图3中标为18a的计算机连接的标准引出端42上。变压器31a1和31a2的初级绕组35的端部与一个用于连接到网络上的标准引出端43连接。中心抽头37a1和37a2接到电话机13a内的电话电路44上。
或者，计算机侧模块32b可以集成在一个可以直接或间接与现有的墙上引出端连接的墙上连接器内。因此，这样的墙上连接器可以由一个集成有一对信号变压器和两个分别用来连接计算机和电话机的被插入式引出端的替代性墙上插座构成。或者，墙上连接器可以由一个集成有一对信号变压器和两个分别用来连接计算机和电话机的被插入式引出端的插头连接器构成。这样的插头连接器使一个计算机和电话机可以接到一个现有的墙上引出端上而不需要对墙上引出端作任何修改。
图6示出了按照本发明修改的引出端45的面板。两对导线接到在背后的引出端(图中未示出)上，后者与设在其中的两个信号变压器(图中未示出)的初级绕组连接。变压器的次级绕组接到RJ-45数据连接器46上，而中心抽头接到RJ-11电话连接器47上。这样一个引出端在大小、形状和整个外观上与标准引出端类似地，因此可以代替建筑物墙上的标准引出端。在整个LAN线路配置上不需要作任何改变。这样的引出端很容易可以替代现有的标准数据引出端，而又提供电话支持。因此，传统的引出端具有单个塞孔连接器，有着两对电刷触点，分别连接到用来发送数据和接收数据的两条双绞线上。计算机通过单个具有四根插针的塞头连接器(插头)插入这样的传统引出端：两根用来发送数据，两根用来接收数据。插头一插入引出端，这些插针就与引出端的电刷触点接触，建立电连接。
本发明允许用一个经修改的其中有一对信号变压器的引出端代替传统的引出端，这对信号变压器的初级绕组的端部适合分别接到网络内相应导线对的线端。每个信号变压器的次级绕组在内部连接到一个第一塞孔连接器的一对相应的电刷触点上。因此，两个次级绕组的端部通过总计四个电刷触点接到第一塞孔连接器上。两个初级绕组的中心抽头接到一个靠近第一塞孔连接器的第二塞孔连接器中的一对电刷触点上。因此，计算机可以通过一个适当的插头的四个插针与第一塞孔连接器连接，而电话机可以通过一个适当的插头的两个插针与第二塞孔连接器连接。两个线对17a1和17a2被布成连接到这样一个引出端上，这个引出端现在将包括两个面板连接器，一个是数据连接器(例如对于10BaseT为RJ-45)而另一个是电话连接器(例如为RJ-11)。
这样的实现要求现有数据网络内的引出端用按照本发明修改的引出端代替。图7a至7d示出了按照本发明设计的用于在10BaseT或100BaseTX环境内工作的插头组件50，它可以实现本发明而不需要对数据网络或对现有的引出端作任何修改。使用中，插头组件50插入一个标准的引出端，用一个插销51卡住。插头组件50含有以与连接到上面结合图6所说明的经修改的引出端45类似的方式连接到分离的数据引出端52与电话引出端53的模块32b。标准的RJ45插头54与模块32b连接，在插入引出端时与墙上引出端接合。插头54因此包括两对插针，分别连接到模块32b内的相应信号变压器的初级绕组上。这两个信号变压器的次级绕组接到数据-电话引出端52的相应电刷触点上。每个初级绕组的中心抽头接到靠近数据-电话引出端52的电话引出端53内的一对电刷触点上。来自计算机和电话机的电缆以标准的插头端接，这两个插头分别插入插头组件50内的相应数据引出端52和电话引出端53。这样，用了插头组件50就不需要对现有的基础设施作任何改动。
如上所述，10BaseT和100BaseTX接口以及其他数据通信接口通常在线路连接电路内包括信号变压器，以便满足隔离和共模抑制要求。在这种情况下，附加变压器虽然可行但并不需要，而本发明的方法可以通过用上面所说明的方式为现有的变压器的相应绕组增添中心抽头连接以形成一个用于电话连接的幻象信道来实现。或者，现有的变压器可以用如上面说明的带中心抽头的变压器代替。
应指出的是，虽然幻象信道在本技术领域内是众所周知的，但它用于这里所揭示的系统和方法却是新颖的，因为：
(a)局域网(LAN)特别是以太网一般不用幻象信道，任何采用这种信道的配置也没有在IEEE802.3标准内规定，这个概念只在与数据通信LAN领域非常不同的电话领域内是已知的。
(b)在这个技术领域内还不知道用幻象信道本身承载POTS业务，而幻象信道只用来为远地单元和/或管理或控制信号供电以支持由两对导线提供的主要业务。
虽然上面就集线器单元对本发明作了说明，但显然可以采用任何其他多端口数据通信设备，诸如交换机、路由器或网关之类。
本发明还包括一种将在两个数字设备之间有一条两导线对电缆的现有局域网(LAN)设施升级为也同时在两个电话设备之间传送信号的方法，这种方法包括下列步骤：
(a)将第一对具有中心抽头的初级绕组的信号变压器插在电缆的第一端，初级绕组的各端分别与电缆的相应导线连接；以及
(b)将第二对具有中心抽头的初级绕组的信号变压器插在电缆的第二端，初级绕组的各端分别与电缆的相应导线连接；
从而使各信号变压器的相应次级绕组可以接到数字设备上，而使各信号变压器的相应中心抽头可以接到电话设备上。
如果LAN已经包括没有中心抽头的信号变压器，那末它们在以上步骤(a)中用指定的变压器代替，或者为每个初级绕组增添一个中心抽头。
虽然本发明就有限的实施例作了说明，但可以理解，本发明可以有许多变型、修改和其他应用。

Claims (8)

1.一种设备，用于在第一与第二局域网电缆之间耦合基于局域网分组的数字数据信号，第一和第二局域网电缆各具有第一和第二线对，第一局域网电缆的第一和第二线对还确定用来承载第一信号的幻象信道，所述设备包括：
具有初级绕组和次级绕组的第一信号变压器，所述初级绕组具有中心抽头连接，所述第一信号变压器用来传送基于局域网分组的数字数据信号；
具有初级绕组和次级绕组的第二信号变压器，所述初级绕组具有中心抽头连接，所述第二信号变压器用来传送基于局域网分组的数字数据信号；
第一局域网连接器，具有耦合到所述第一信号变压器的初级绕组的第一触点对以及耦合到所述第二信号变压器的初级绕组的第二触点对，用来将所述第一和第二信号变压器的初级绕组连接到第一局域网电缆的相应第一和第二线对；
第二局域网连接器，具有耦合到所述第一信号变压器的次级绕组的第一触点对以及耦合到所述第二信号变压器的次级绕组的第二触点对，用来将所述第一和第二信号变压器的次级绕组连接到第二局域网电缆的相应第一和第二线对；
第三连接器，具有耦合到所述第一信号变压器的初级绕组的中心抽头连接的第一触点以及耦合到所述第二信号变压器的初级绕组的中心抽头连接的第二触点，用来通过将所述第一局域网电缆的第一和第二线对连接到所述中心抽头连接而形成幻象信道；以及
单个外壳，用来容纳所述第一和第二信号变压器以及所述第一、第二和第三连接器。
2.根据权利要求1的设备，其中，所述第一和第二局域网连接器是RJ-45型的，所述基于局域网分组的数字数据信号是基于按照IEEE802.3标准的10/100BaseT的。
3.根据权利要求1的设备，具有标准引出端的外形尺寸。
4.根据权利要求1的设备，被配置为插入到标准引出端。
5.根据权利要求1的设备，还可附到建筑物的表面上。
6.根据权利要求1的设备，其中，所述第一信号是模拟信号，所述第三连接器是标准模拟连接器。
7.根据权利要求6的设备，其中，所述模拟信号是电话信号，所述模拟连接器是标准电话连接器。
8.根据权利要求1的设备，其中，所述第一信号是电源信号，所述第三连接器是电源连接器。
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