CN101018529A - 具有层叠密封口袋的一次性吸收制品 - Google Patents

具有层叠密封口袋的一次性吸收制品 Download PDF

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CN101018529A
CN101018529A CNA2006800008172A CN200680000817A CN101018529A CN 101018529 A CN101018529 A CN 101018529A CN A2006800008172 A CNA2006800008172 A CN A2006800008172A CN 200680000817 A CN200680000817 A CN 200680000817A CN 101018529 A CN101018529 A CN 101018529A
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containment pockets
edge
lowermost
pockets
base
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西奥多拉·贝克
加里·D·拉万
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Procter and Gamble Ltd
Procter and Gamble Co
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/45Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
    • A61F13/49Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers
    • A61F13/494Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers characterised by edge leakage prevention means
    • A61F13/49406Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers characterised by edge leakage prevention means the edge leakage prevention means being at the crotch region
    • A61F13/49413Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers characterised by edge leakage prevention means the edge leakage prevention means being at the crotch region the edge leakage prevention means being an upstanding barrier
    • A61F13/49426Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers characterised by edge leakage prevention means the edge leakage prevention means being at the crotch region the edge leakage prevention means being an upstanding barrier the barrier having an absorbent medium

Abstract

一次性吸收制品,所述吸收制品包括底座和吸收组件。以Z字型横向向内和向外折叠所述底座以形成横向相对的层叠密封口袋和所述层叠密封口袋内部的横向相对侧翼。每个侧翼具有邻近其远侧边缘连接的纵向延伸的弹性收紧构件。所述吸收组件包括可包含超吸收颗粒的吸收芯,所述超吸收颗粒可包含在口袋内。

Description

具有层叠密封口袋的一次性吸收制品
技术领域
本发明涉及一次性吸收制品,例如一次性尿布和计划用于失禁人们的其它制品。
背景技术
一次性吸收制品用来吸收和容纳身体排泄物,以防止污染穿着者的身体、衣物以及被褥或污染与穿着者接触的其它物件。
随着一次性吸收制品的使用日益增多,它们的复杂性也随着加入旨在增强其性能和外观的附加功能而增加。随着复杂性的增加,材料成本和生产过程的成本也随之增加。因此,这些制品的销售价格已经上涨到世界各地的很多潜在购买者负担不起的水平。因此,需要一种简易的一次性吸收制品。
发明内容
简易的一次性吸收制品包括底座和吸收组件。以Z字型折叠底座的横向相对侧向部分以形成横向相对层叠密封口袋以便接收和容纳身体排泄物并且因此可防止排泄物横向迁移和横向逸出。在顺底座横向向内折叠的纵向延长线上形成每个密封口袋末端闭合的顶点。底座横向向外折叠的另一纵向延长线确定了每个密封口袋近侧开口侧的上端。可将Z字型形成的层叠密封口袋重叠排列连接在一起。在每个最上层密封口袋之上,向外横向折叠底座相应侧部的残留部分形成侧翼。每个侧翼优选包括纵向延伸的临近侧翼远侧边缘连接的翼弹性构件。底座可包括可延伸的成形材料纤维网。
吸收组件包括一个吸收芯。吸收芯可包含超吸收颗粒并且这些颗粒可被封装在料仓内。可沿底座相应的侧向部分折叠吸收组件的横向相对侧向部分以形成一个或多个层叠密封口袋并且因此在口袋中提供吸收性。
附图说明
在附图中,同样的参考数字表示同样的元件,这在描述的几个示例性实施方案中可以是相同的也可以是不同的。为了更清楚地显示其它元件,某些附图可通过省略选择的元件进行简化。在任何示例性实施方案中,除了在相应的文字说明书明白无误地描述之外,某些附图中元件的此类省略并不一定代表具体元件的存在或不存在。
图1为以尿布20形式的一种示例性一次性吸收制品的平面图,所述一次性吸收制品显示为平展未收缩状态,即没有由弹性构件引起的收缩。在图1中,向内面朝穿着者并与穿着者接触的尿布20内侧部分朝向观察者显示。
图2为图1所示尿布20沿剖面线2-2的截面图,所述剖面线与图1所示的横向轴线44重合。
图3为图1所示尿布20沿图1所示前腰区36的剖面线3-3的截面图。
图4为穿在穿着者下体周围的示例性尿布20的简化侧正视图。
图5为穿在穿着者下体周围的图4尿布20的前正视图。
图6为穿在穿着者下体周围的图6尿布20的后正视图。
图7为示例性尿布20的平面图,所示尿布处于平展未收缩状态,即在折叠部分底座100形成密封口袋50和侧翼147a和147b之前,没有由弹性构件引起的收缩。在图7中,尿布20向内面朝穿着者并与穿着者接触的内侧部分朝向观察者显示。
图8为图7所示尿布20沿剖面线8-8的截面图。
图9为图7所示尿布20沿剖面线9-9的截面图,所述剖面线与图7所示的横向轴线44重合。
图10为形成材料纤维网的示例性片段300的平面图。
图11为一种示例性吸收组件200的平面图。在图11中,吸收组件200显示与底座100分离,在示例尿布20中该吸收组件与所述底座相连,并且吸收组件200向内朝向穿着者并与穿着者接触的内侧部分被显示为面向观察者。
图12为图11的吸收组件200沿剖面线12-12的截面图。
图13为图11的吸收组件200沿剖面线13-13的截面图。
图14为一种示例性吸收组件200的截面视图,显示一种示例性吸收芯的细节。
具体实施方式
在本说明书中,下列术语具有下列含义:
“吸收制品”是指吸收和容纳液体的装置,更具体地讲是指与穿着者的身体紧贴或邻近放置、用于吸收和容纳各种由身体排放的渗出物的装置。
术语“尿布”是指通常被婴儿和失禁者围绕下体穿着以便环绕穿着者的腰部和腿部并且具体地讲适于接收和容纳尿液和粪便的一种吸收制品。
术语“一次性的”是指通常不打算洗涤或换句话讲不再还原或不再用作吸收制品的吸收制品的性质,即打算将它们使用一次后丢弃,优选地将其回收利用、堆肥处理或以其它环境相容的方式处理。
术语“纵向”是指从制品的一个腰部边缘到相对的腰部边缘延伸的并且通常平行于制品的最大线性尺寸的方向。在纵向45°内的方向被认为是“纵向”。
术语“横向”是指从制品的侧边向相对侧边延伸的方向,并且通常与纵向成直角。在横向45度内的方向被认为是“横向”。
术语“设置”是指元件被连接和定位在特定地点或位置与其它元件形成一体结构。
术语“连接”是指利用扣紧、粘合、键合等任何适于将元件与其它组分原料连接的方法被连接或联合的元件。将元件连接到一起的很多合适方法已为人所熟知,包括粘合剂粘合、压力粘合、热粘合、机械连接等。这样的连接方法可用来在特定区域上连续或断续地将元件连接到一起。
术语“内聚性”是指材料的自身粘附,但与其它材料不发生任何显著程度的粘附的性质。
术语“水可透过的”和“水不可透过的”是指在一次性吸收制品打算使用的范围内材料的穿透性。具体地讲,术语“水可透过的”是指具有气孔、开口和/或互联的空隙空间的层或层叠结构,所述层和/或层叠结构允许液体水在没有加压的情况下透过其厚度。相反,术语“水不可透过的”是指在没有加压的情况下液体水不能透过其厚度的层或层叠结构。根据此定义水不可透过的层结构或层叠结构可透过水蒸汽,即可以为“蒸汽可透过的”。如本领域所熟知,测量典型用于吸收制品的材料对水的渗透性的常用方法是流体静压测试,也称为流体静压头测试,或简称为“水头”测试。适用于水头试验的熟知法定方法由NDA(以前的International Nonwovens and DisposablesAssociation,现在的The Association of the Nonwoven Fabrics Industry)和EDANA(European Disposables And Nonwovens Association)核准。
术语“近端”和“ 远端”分别指相对靠近或远离结构中心的元件位置,例如,纵向延展元件近端的位置相对纵向轴线比相同元件远端的位置相对于相同纵向轴线相比更近。
术语“内部”和“ 外部”分别是指当吸收制品被穿着时打算背向或面向穿着者身体放置的元件位置,和打算背向或朝向在吸收制品外穿着的任何衣服放置的元件位置。“内部”和“外部”的同义词分别包括“里面”和“外面”,以及“内侧”和“ 外侧”。同样,当吸收制品的方向使得其内部朝上时,例如,将其展开以准备使穿着者位于其上时,同义词分别包括“上面”和“下面”、“上方”和“下方”以及“顶部”和“底部”。
在以下的描述和附图中,当整体上指一类元件时,不同的结构元件用无后缀字母的参考号来标识。当区别例如一类元件中的左和右构件时,用带后缀字母的相同参考号来标识。例如,侧翼作为一类元件,用参考号147来标示,同时单独的左和右侧翼分别命名为元件147a和147b。
示例性尿布实施方案的描述
此部分描述参考图1、图2、图3、图4、图5和图6。
示例性尿布20的一个端部被构造成前腰区36。尿布20的纵向相对的端部被构型成一个后腰区38。在前腰区36和后腰区38之间纵向延伸的尿布20的中间部分被构造成裆区37。
尿布20的基本结构包括底座100。底座100具有前腰区36中的横向延伸的前腰边缘136和后腰区38中的纵向相对且横向延伸的腰部边缘138。底座100具有一个纵向延伸的左侧边缘137a和一个横向相对的且纵向延伸的右侧边缘137b,底座的两个侧边在前腰边缘136和后腰边缘138之间纵向延伸。底座100具有内表面102和外表面104。底座100还具有纵向轴线42和横向轴线44。纵向轴线42穿过底座100的前腰边缘136的中点和后腰边缘138的中点延伸出去。横向轴线44穿过底座100的左侧边缘137a的中点和右侧边缘137b的中点延伸出去。底座100具有纵向延伸的和横向相对层叠密封口袋50和纵向延伸的和横向相对侧翼147,下面将对所述侧翼进行更详细的描述。
尿布20的基本结构还包括连接到底座100上的吸收组件200。吸收组件200具有在前腰区36中的横向延伸的前边缘236和在后腰区38中的纵向相对且横向延伸的后边缘238。吸收组件200具有纵向延伸的左侧边缘237a和横向相对且纵向延伸的右侧边缘237b,两个吸收组件侧边均在前边缘236和后边缘238之间纵向延伸。吸收组件200具有内表面202和外表面204。吸收组件200可相对于纵向轴线42和横向轴线44对称设置。可供选择地,吸收组件200可相对于纵向轴线42和横向轴线44不对称地设置。例如,图1所示的吸收组件200相对于纵向轴线42对称设置而相对于横向轴线44不对称设置。具体地讲,图1所示的吸收组件200朝向前腰区36不对称设置。
吸收组件200相应的前边缘236、后边缘238、左侧边缘237a和右侧边缘237b可位于底座100相应的前腰边缘136、后腰边缘138、左侧边缘137a和右侧边缘137b内侧,如图1中所示的示例性尿布20。其中吸收组件200的一个或多个边缘位于底座100相应的边缘内侧这种构型可能是需要的,例如,为了使邻近底座各边缘的相对更柔韧的底座层能够符合穿着者的身体并从而形成贴靠穿着者皮肤的有效箍状密封,不受相对较厚且相对较不柔韧的吸收组件的拘束。可供选择地,吸收组件200的一个或多个边缘可与底座100相应边缘一致。
如图4、图5和图6所示,当尿布20被穿带在穿着者的下体上时,前腰边缘136和后腰边缘138环绕着穿着者的腰部,同时底座侧边137a和137b环绕着穿着者的腿部。同时,裆区37通常位于穿着者的腿部之间,并且吸收组件200从前腰区36穿过裆区37延伸到后腰区38。
底座描述
在图7、图8、和图9中,显示了在折叠部分底座形成密封口袋50和侧翼147之前处于展开平放的示例性底座100。在这种被展开平放的条件下,底座100具有一个纵向延伸的左外侧边155a和一个横向相对的且纵向延伸的右外侧边155b。两个这些底座外例边在前腰边缘136和后腰边缘138之间纵向延伸。如下面所更详细描述的,当通过横向向外折叠部分底座100形成侧翼147时,底座的外侧边155形成侧翼的相应远侧边缘158。
底座100包括水不可透过的底片26。底片26形成打算朝向在尿布20外穿着的任何衣服放置的外表面。放多适用作底片26的材料已熟知,包括聚丙烯和其它聚烯烃薄膜。多层底片例如薄膜和非织造材料的叠层也已为人们所熟知并可适于用作底片26。这样一种叠层底片可将无纺材料设置在表面上,与采用薄膜作为最外层相比,其提供了感觉和外观更像布状的最外层。
底座100可以但是不是必须另外包括一个连接到底片26上的内衬里22。内衬里22可形成用来贴靠穿着者身体放置的底座100的内表面102的一部分。例如,内衬里可覆盖并因此位于部分或整个吸收组件200的内侧。内衬里22优选地由不会刺激穿着者皮肤的柔软材料制成。这样一个内衬里22的作用是使穿着者的皮肤与底片26的一部分隔离,这是很理想的,例如当其中皮肤和底片薄膜间的接触不舒适的情况下穿着尿布20时。内衬里22的很多适用材料已为本领域所熟知,包括人造丝和诸如纺粘的或梳理的聚丙烯或聚酯之类的合成非织造材料在内。
内衬里22可延伸到如底片26一样的宽度和长度。可供选择地,内衬里22的一个或多个边缘可位于底片26各边缘的内侧。例如,参考图1所示的示例性尿布20,仅仅位于吸收组件200的前边缘236和底座100的前腰边缘136之间以及在吸收组件200的后边缘238和底座100的后腰边缘138之间的缝隙中的那部分底片26需要被覆盖以便将穿着者的皮肤与底片26隔离。因此,位于前腰区36缝隙里的内衬里22横向延展条和相似的位于后腰区38缝隙里的内衬里22横向延展条可能就足够了。
如图1、图2和图3所示,所述示例性底座100具有位于裆区37的纵向延展和横向相对层叠密封口袋50,其中所述口袋可用于接收和容纳身体排泄物并且因此防止排泄物横向移动和从一次性尿布中泄漏。每个密封口袋具有闭合顶点51,其中横向向内折叠部分底座,即向纵向轴线42,并具有开口侧52,所述开口侧具有上边缘53,其中部分底座横向向外折叠,即远离纵向轴线。因此,参照横向方向,每个密封口袋的顶点位于相对远端和相同防泄漏开口侧上边缘位于相对近端,以便每个密封口袋的开口侧近端位于,即朝向纵向轴线口袋开口。每个密封口袋也具有上壁54和下障碍55,从顶点51横向向内的每个延展部和与顶点51相连接的上壁54和上边缘53。
首先横向向内折叠形成口袋顶点51和横向向外折叠形成其上边缘53可形成最低的横向相对密封口袋50a和50b。由相似的z字折叠图案形成其顶点51和其上边缘53可形成每个叠置的密封口袋。例如,在图1和图2中,显示了纵向轴线42两侧的两层密封口袋,即最低密封口袋50a和50b和分别重叠的密封口袋50c和50d。重复z型折叠图案,可使第三密封口袋层叠,使第四密封口袋层叠等等。
层叠密封口袋50的各个上边缘53可在横向轴线44相交处重叠,即与纵向轴线42的横向距离基本相同,并且因此为横向等距离设置。可供选择地,各个上边缘可以是交错的,即上边缘到纵向轴线的距离可以不同,以便叠置密封口袋任何部分的上边缘相对于最低密封口袋上边缘位于横向末端或横向近端。例如,在图2中,叠置密封口袋50c和50d的上边缘53相对于最低密封口袋50a和50b上边缘53位于横向末端。
相似地层叠密封口袋各个末端顶点51可重叠,即与纵向轴线42的横向距离基本相同,或可以交错。例如,在图2中,叠置密封口袋50c和50d的顶点51相对于最低密封口袋50a和50b的顶点51位于横向近端。
此外,分别由其上边缘和其末端顶点确定的层叠密封口袋的各个深度可以基本相同或可供选择地其的深度可以不同。例如,在图2中,叠置密封口袋50c和5d的上边缘53和顶点51可分别比最低密封口袋50a和50b的上边缘53和顶点51距离更近,并且因此叠置密封口袋50c和50d的深度56分别比最低密封口袋50a和50b的深度56小。
折叠形成的层叠密封口袋的顶点和上边缘可简单地宽松折叠或起皱。例如,希望使折叠部分起皱尤其是在裆区以便赋予尿布更好地最终外观。
在裆区37,最低密封口袋50a和50b的上壁54可与底座100的内表面102连接,或者如果底座层没有覆盖吸收组件,与吸收组件200的内表面202连接,以防止其在施加侧向张力时展开。相似地,任何其近端上边缘53相对于最低密封口袋的近端上边缘位于横向近端的叠置密封口袋50可与底座内表面相连或为了达到相同目的可在裆区与吸收组件的内表面相连。例如,如图1和图2所示的实施方案中,最低密封口袋50a和50b的上壁54在最低口袋连接区109a和109b分别与底座100的内衬里22相连。
最低口袋连接区109a和109b可与纵向轴线42和横向轴线44之一或是全部对称设置。可供选择地,最低口袋连接区109a和109b可与纵向轴线42和横向轴线44之一或是全部非对称设置。例如,图1所示的最低口袋连接区109a和109b相对于纵向轴线42对称设置并相对于横向轴线44不对称设置。具体地讲,图1所示的最低口袋连接区109a和109b对于前腰区36不对称设置。
可供选择地或附加地,每个位于最低密封口袋上方的层叠密封口袋的上壁和下壁可在裆区连接在一起以防止其在施加侧向张力时展开。例如,如图1和图2所示的实施方案中,例如,如图1和图2所示的实施方案中,叠置密封口袋50ac和50d的上壁54在口袋壁连接区59分别与下壁55相连。口袋壁连接区59可与纵向轴线42和横向轴线44之一或者全部对称设置或非对称设置,与最低口袋连接区109a和109b的另一种设置相似。
在最低口袋连接区109a和109b与口袋壁连接区59内,连接图案可以是连续的或是间断的。例如,可将粘合剂的薄膜连续施用在整个连接图案区域上,然后用来连续连接密封口袋的上壁。作为另一个实施例,可将粘合剂不连续地施用在连接图案处或内部,例如以点状、带状、串珠状、螺旋状等,然后用来连接到上壁。相似地,作为另一个实例,连接图案可包括由热密封、超声波密封等形成的多个离散键合。
邻近底座100的前后腰边缘136和138,重叠的层叠密封口袋可仍不与底座和/或彼此的内表面相连并在侧向张力下仍不展开。因此,在一个实施方案中层叠密封口袋在裆区相连以防止展开但在腰区仍保持展开,准备使用一次性尿布和/或应用一次性尿布并且在穿着时,对侧翼147的远侧边缘158施加相对侧向张力会引起侧边137内凹弯曲并使腰部边缘136和138外凸弯曲,如图1所示。边缘弯曲的结果是形成图中所示底座100独特的“蝴蝶结”形状(可供选择地可称为“蝴蝶”形状)。这种形状有助于使尿布20在使用时符合穿着者的身体轮廓。也希望达到这种形状以便在穿着时赋予尿布20合适的外观和/或使尿布20让人感觉在穿着者两条腿之间可以舒适地贴合。
如图1、图2和图3所示,示例性底座100也可纵向延展和横向与位于尿布20内部的左右侧翼147a和147b相对,所述尿布向内面朝穿着者并与穿着者接触。横向向外,即远离纵向轴线42,折叠介于最上层叠密封口袋50c和50d之间的部分底座100可形成侧翼并且左外侧边155a和右外侧边155b分别形成侧翼147a和147b。每个侧翼147具有由各自最上层叠密封口袋的上边缘53形成的近侧边缘157。每个侧翼也具有由各自底座折叠之前的最初外侧边155形成的远侧边缘158。
凡是底座的横向相对部分相对于底座的其它部分横向向外延展,就形成底座的侧边137。因此,当侧翼147的远侧边缘158横向延展超过各自下面密封口袋50的所有顶点51,如图2所示,远侧边缘158形成底座的各自侧边137。可供选择地,密封口袋之一的一个顶点可横向延展超过侧翼的远侧边缘并且因此形成底座的侧边。
每个侧翼147优选包括邻近侧翼远侧边缘158用任何熟知的方法进行连接的纵向可延展的翼弹性构件。每个这样的翼弹性构件可在其整个长度上或在其仅一部分长度上进行连接。例如,这样一个翼弹性构件可仅在其纵向相对的两个末端处或近旁进行连接并且在其长度的中间未被连接。这样一个翼弹性构件可被设置在裆区37中并可延伸到前腰区36和后腰区38的一个或两个区中。例如,在图1所示的示例性底座100中,将弹性线167a邻近左侧翼147a的远侧边缘158a连接并延伸到前腰区36和后腰区38中。相似地,将弹性线167b邻近右侧翼147b的远侧边缘158b连接并延伸到前腰区36和后腰区38中。
可将每个翼弹性构件可被封装在一个折叠的卷边中。例如,在图2、图7和图9所示的示例性底座100中,可将弹性线167a封装在邻近左侧翼147a的远侧边缘158a形成的一个卷边170a中以及将弹性线167b封装在邻近右侧翼147b的远侧边缘158b形成的一个卷边170b中。可供选择地,可将翼弹性构件夹在底座的两层之间,例如,在叠层底片的各层之间或在一个底片和一个内衬里之间。作为另一个方案,可将翼弹性构件连接在底座100的表面上并保持暴露状态。
当拉伸时,翼弹性构件可使邻近侧翼的远侧边缘158如图1所示进行延伸。当可以松弛时,翼弹性构件收缩并聚集到侧翼远侧边缘158。弹性线167a和167b的收缩力将前腰区36和后腰区38向彼此拉近并且因此使尿布20弯曲成“U”字形,其中“U”字形的内部由尿布20计划向内朝穿着者身体放置的内侧部分来形成。因为远侧边缘158仍保持自由,弹性线167的收缩力使远侧边缘158从底座100的内表面102上抬高。当尿布20处于松驰状态时,远侧边缘158的这种抬高将侧翼147抬高到起邻近吸收组件200侧边237的侧部屏障作用的位置。
当尿布20被穿着时,松弛的“U”字形通常适形于穿着者的身体,使得前腰区36和后腰区38可被扣合到一起环绕穿着者的腰部和腿部。当尿布20以这种方式被穿着时,弹性线167趋于使抬高的侧翼147远侧边缘158保持与穿着者的身体接触,从而形成密封以有助于防止沉积的身体排泄物渗漏出尿布20。
一部分或整个底座100可制成可伸展到大于制作底座的材料的固有延展性的程度,例如,底座26、内衬里22、或两者都是。为了使底座100在穿着者运动过程中贴合穿着者的身体和/或允许使用者延伸底座100的前腰区36、后腰区38、或两个腰区以环绕其腰围在预定范围的个体穿着者的腰部,即即使尿布适合个体穿着者,可能需要额外的延展性。另外,为了使尿布的成本降至最低,额外的延展性也可能是需要的。例如,可采用仅足够制造缺乏这种延展性的相对较小尿布的材料量来制造能够进行伸展的尿布,其与穿着者的贴合性大于较小尿布的贴合性。换言之,为了在材料如所述那样制成可延伸的时候制造能够被完全贴合到特定身材的穿着者身上的尿布,需要更少的材料量。在腰区之一内的那部分底座可制成可横向伸展到的最大延展度大于裆区内的另一部分底座的最大延展度,使得每个部分横向伸展至其最大延展度赋予底座以沙漏形形状。
底座100中的额外横向延展性可以多种方法提供。例如,由其制成底座100的材料可用任何已知的方法进行打褶。可供选择地,底座的全部或其一部分可由成形的材料纤维网或材料纤维网的成形叠层材料制成,如以Chappell等人的名义公布于1996年5月21日的美国专利5,518,801中所描述的那些材料。图10显示了一个这样的成形纤网材料305的示例片断300。该成形材料纤维网305包括明显的横向延伸的区域310,其中初始材料已经用压花或另一种变形方法进行改变以形成大致纵取向的交替的凸起312和凹谷314的图案。成形材料纤维网305也包括位于横向延伸的改变区域310之间的横向延伸的未改变区域316。
可以很多熟知的方式将前腰区36和后腰区38扣合到一起环绕穿着者的腰部和腿部。例如,可采用诸如安全别针、单独的胶带、单独的系带和/或单独的腰带之类的单独扣紧装置用于该用途。可供选择地或另外,可将扣紧元件装入底座100中以使使用者能够无需任何分开的扣紧装置或和任何分开的扣紧装置一起将尿布20应用到穿着者的身体上。此类合成一体的扣紧元件的很多合适类型已为人所熟知,例如,包括胶带、粘合剂、胶带突出部、系带、纽扣、钩、环、按扣扣件、其它形式的机械扣件、胶贴等等。这些合成一体的扣紧元件可横向向外突出即远离纵向轴线42超出侧边137a和137b的一个或两个和/或可纵向向外突出即远离横向轴线44超出腰部边缘136和138的一个或两个,或者它们可完全位于尿布20的边缘内侧。当采用叠层底片并将非织造材料设置在表面上时,将典型要求特定的配对扣件元件的某种形式的机械扣件例如与环配合的钩配置成与非织造材料连接的形式,从而不需要包含特定的配对扣件元件。
例如,横向相对胶带突出部可在尿布20侧边137a和137b处或附近与底座100相连。在使用中,胶带突出部可在前腰区36与底座100的外表面104连接以使后腰区38按照后部在前部之上的方式与前腰区36扣紧。可供选择地,可将类似的胶带突出部在前腰区36中连接到底座100上并用来将前腰区36以前压后的方式扣合到后腰区38上。合适的胶带以名称XMF99121购自美国明尼苏达州圣保罗市的3M Corporation。合适的胶带突出部描述于2004年2月2日提交的美国专利申请10/770,043中。
人选地,一个或多个扣紧片可与底座100的外表面104连接。当提供了一个固定片时,可将胶带突出部粘附到固定片上将后腰区38和前腰区36扣合到一起。扣紧片可由用于尿布别处的材料例如薄膜或非织造材料构成。扣紧片用来在大于胶带突出部的粘附区域的底片区域26的范围内分布由每个胶带突出部传递的拉力。另外,当采用单个连续扣紧片时,扣紧片自身在横向相对的胶带突出部之间可承受一部分拉力,从而减轻一部分作用在底片上的力。因此,加入这种扣紧片可能是需要的,例如,为了使底片26可能使用较廉价的和较弱的材料。因此,具有扣紧片的尿布的总成本可小于具有对于待直接粘附到底片的外表面上的胶带突出部具有足够的强度的底片的尿布的总成本。
作为另一个实施例,可使用粘性扣紧元件。粘性扣紧元件形式的示例性扣紧元件可由固有结晶的水基合成弹性体制成,其中已加入了增粘剂来破坏多晶结构,从而使弹性体具有粘性。此类合成的粘性产品可购自Andover Coated Products,Incorporated,Salisbury,Massachusetts,U.S.A.,并被描述于2000年12月5日以Taylor的名义公布的美国专利6,156,424中。粘性扣紧贴片可设置在底座的外和/或内表面上,排列成专门用于使腰区能够后压前扣紧或前压后扣紧在一起。可供选择地,可将粘性扣紧贴片设置成一种可逆构型,其适于在同一尿布中为尿布使用者根据个人喜好提供了两种扣紧选项,即后压前或前压后。合适的粘性扣紧元件构型描述于2004年2月2日提交的美国专利申请10/770,043中。
吸收组件的描述
可在吸收组件200的任何部分或整个面积内将吸收组件200连接到底座100上。
吸收组件200可具有平面构型,即通常为平展和未折叠的。但是在优选构型中,吸收组件可沿底座折叠以至少形成最低层叠密封口袋。例如,如图2所示的实施方案中,吸收组件沿底座折叠并延伸至最上密封口袋50a和50b的上壁54和与最低密封口袋重叠的密封口袋50c和50d的下壁55。
如图11、图12和图13所示,吸收组件200包括一个起吸收和保留液体身体排泄物作用的吸收芯250。吸收芯250具有横向延伸的前边缘256和纵向相对且横向延伸的后边缘258。吸收芯250还具有纵向延伸的左侧边缘257a和横向相对且纵向延伸的右侧边缘257b,两个吸收芯侧边均在前边缘256和后边缘258之间纵向延伸。吸收芯250还具有内表面252和外表面254。
吸收芯250可设置在设置在吸收芯250外表面上的下覆盖片和设置在吸收芯250内表面上的上覆盖片之间。这种上覆盖片和下覆盖片可连接到一起以容纳它们之间的吸收芯250,并从而形成吸收组件200。例如,在图11、图12和图13所示的示例性吸收组件200中,在纵向延伸的粘附区29a和29b中在吸收组件200的侧边237a和237b处或近旁将上覆盖片24和下覆盖片25连接到一起。可供选择地,可在某些地方而不是吸收组件200的侧边237a和237b,例如在吸收组件200的端边236和238处或近旁、或在端边236和238以及侧边237a和237b处或近旁将上覆盖片24和下覆盖片25连接到一起。
上覆盖片24为水可渗透的并使液体废弃物能够渗透到吸收液体废弃物的吸收芯250。下覆盖片25可为水不可渗透的。然而,下覆盖片25优选为水可渗透的。在其中上覆盖片24和下覆盖片25均为水可渗透的实施方案中,被沉积在上覆盖片24上的然而未渗透过上覆盖片24至吸收芯250的任何液体废弃物可绕吸收组件200的一个边缘流动到达下覆盖片25,然后渗透过下覆盖片25至吸收芯250中。
上覆盖片24可形成旨在靠近穿着者身体放置的吸收组件200的内表面202。上覆盖片24优选由不刺激穿着者皮肤的柔软材料制成。许多适于水可渗透覆盖片的材料已为本领域所熟知,包括合成非织造材料如纺粘或梳理成网聚丙烯、聚酯或人造丝。同样,许多适于水不可渗透的覆盖片的材料已为本领域所熟知,包括适于底片26的材料。
上覆盖片24和下覆盖片25可延伸至同一宽度和同一长度。例如,上覆盖片24和下覆盖片25可延伸至前边缘236和后边缘238,也可至吸收组件200的左侧边缘237a和右侧边缘237b。
可供选择地,上覆盖片24和下覆盖片25的尺寸可不同。例如,在如图11、图12和图13所示的示例性吸收组件200中,上覆盖片24纵向延伸仅仅比必须覆盖的吸收芯250长少许,但下覆盖片25纵向延伸超过上覆盖片24至吸收组件200的前后边缘236和238。这种伸出的覆盖片可用来使穿着者的皮肤与底片26的一部分隔离,这可能是需要的,例如,当在皮肤和底片薄膜间的接触可能不舒适的情况下穿着尿布20时。
如另一个实施例,下覆盖片25可比上覆盖片24大并可缠绕过吸收芯250的侧边257a和257b至吸收芯250的内表面上,可在此处上将覆盖片24和下覆盖片25连接到一起。
可供选择地,取代一个单独的上覆盖片24和一个单独的下覆盖片25,可将单个覆盖片绕吸收芯250进行缠绕并自身进行连接以封装吸收芯250。当绕吸收芯250进行缠绕时,这样一个单个覆盖片形成一个上层和一个下层,并且一般而言,描述单独的上覆盖片24和下覆盖片25是用来应用一个缠绕的单个覆盖层的此类上层和下层。
吸收芯250包括用来吸收和保留液体身体排泄物的存储部件272。适于吸收芯存储部件的已知材料包括通常称为“透气毡”的粉碎木浆形式的纤维素纤维、天然或合成纤维材料、以及单独使用或以混合物形式使用并通常形层叠或片的超吸收聚合物等。这些吸收材料可单独或组合采用。许多已知的吸收材料可以离散的形式,即以纤维、颗粒、微粒等的形式使用。这种离散形式的吸收材料可用粘合剂固定,所述粘合剂将离散的碎片粘到一起形成粘合的层、或者将离散的颗粒粘在基质层上、或者将离散的碎片既彼此粘结又粘在基质层上。
除了一个或多个存储部件之外吸收芯还可包括采集部件。吸收芯采集部件用来采集沉积的液体身体排泄物并将其传送到吸收芯存储部件。任何吸收和分配液体身体排泄物至存储部件的多孔吸收材料均可用来形成采集部件。优选的采集部件材料包括合成纤维材料、开孔型聚合物泡沫材料、纤维非织造材料、纤维质非织造材料和合成/纤维质非织造材料的各种组合物。例如,采集部件可由包括聚酯、聚丙烯和/或聚乙烯在内的合成纤维、包括棉花和/或纤维素在内的天然纤维、此类纤维的共混物、或任何等价材料或材料组合物的非织造材料纤网制成。此类采集材料的实施例更全面地描述于1990年8月21日授予Osborn的美国专利4,950,264中。适于本发明采集部件的高蓬松非织造采集材料可以材料命名代号98920购自位于美国新泽西的Polymer Group,Inc.(PGI),450 N.E.Blvd,Landisville,NewJersey 08326,U.S.A.。
图11、图12和图13中显示了这样一个吸收芯采集部件290叠压在吸收芯存储部件272上的情形。可将例如薄纸或非织造材料的分隔片292设置在吸收芯存储部件272和吸收芯采集部件290之间以有助于确保没有任何可能包括于吸收芯存储部件中由超吸收聚合物形成的凝胶接触穿着者的皮肤。该分隔片292可横向延伸超过吸收芯250的侧边257a和257b以及可将上覆盖片24连接到分隔片292上。在这种布置中,沉积在上覆盖片24上的液体身体排泄物将透过上覆盖片24的厚度被吸收芯采集部件290吸收,并且其一部分或全部可透过分隔片292的厚度,然后被吸收芯存储部件272吸收和保留。
在一些示例性实施方案中,吸收芯存储部件可包括固定在口袋中的离散形式的吸收材料,所述口袋由间断接触并粘附在基质片上同时在口袋处脱离基质片的热塑性材料如热熔融粘合剂层形成。具有此类结构并且适合于存储液体身体排泄物的吸收芯组件描述于共同未决的并且常常指定的美国专利申请10/776,839和10/776,851中,两者都以Ehrnsperger等人的名义提交于2004年2月11日。图14显示了具有这样一种结构的示例性吸收芯存储部件272。在此吸收芯存储部件272中,超吸收聚合物的颗粒270包含在由热塑性材料层275形成的口袋280内。吸收芯存储部件可包括超吸收聚合物和透气毡两种颗粒并且这两种材料可被封装在由热塑性材料层形成的料仓内部。可供选择地,如图14所示,一种示例性吸收芯存储部件可不包含透气毡,因此为了穿着者的舒适性,该部件可被加工成相当薄以及更柔韧。另外,在没有透气毡的情况下,超吸收聚合物颗粒可相对更容易固定。如图14所示,热塑性材料层275在连接区域282处间断地接触并粘附基质片274。在连接区域282之间,层275脱离基质片274形成口袋280。层275可具有热塑性材料的纤维片形式,液体身体排泄物可透过所述热塑性材料的纤维片被超吸收聚合物颗粒270所吸收。
图14中显示了单独的热塑性层覆盖片276,其叠放在热塑性材料层275上。可供选择地,可省略单独的热塑性层覆盖片276。作为另一个方案,除了省略热塑性层覆盖片276以外,每个类似图14中所示的两个吸收芯存储部件可与一个内翻的吸收芯存储部件进行叠置,使得各自的基底片彼此远侧相对。在这种吸收芯存储部件组合中,远侧相对的基底片中的任一个或两个可分别起到吸收组件的上覆盖片和下覆盖片中的任一个或两个的作用。可供选择地,吸收组件可包括单独的下覆盖片和/或单独的上覆盖片。
参考文献的引入声明及权利要求书的适用范围
所有公开的专利、专利申请和任何此后公布的相关专利和任何相应公布的外国专利申请、此说明中列出和/或引用的出版物均引入本文作为参考。非常明确地否认引入本文以供参考的任何文献或任何文献组合解释或公开了本发明。
虽然已用具体实施方案和/或个体特征来说明和描述了本发明,但对于本领域的技术人员显而易见的是,在不背离本发明的精神和保护范围的情况下可作出许多其它的改变和修改。此外应当清楚,所述实施方案和特征的所有组合均是可能的,并且可得到本发明的优选实施。因此,附加的权利要求书旨在包括在本发明范围内的所有这些变化和修改。

Claims (10)

1.一种一次性尿布(20),包括:
吸收组件(200),所述吸收组件包括吸收芯(250);和
底座(100),所述底座具有纵向轴线(42)、横向轴线(44)、具有前腰边缘(136)的前腰区(36)、具有后腰边缘(138)的后腰区(38)、位于腰区之间的裆区(37)、在前腰边缘和后腰边缘之间延伸的横向相对的侧边(137a,137b)、以及内表面(102),在前腰区和后腰区连接在一起时所述底座形成一个腰部开口和两个横向相对的腿部开口,
所述底座包括水不可透过的底片(26)和横向相对的层叠密封口袋(50),所述口袋在所述纵向轴线两侧包括最低密封口袋(50a,50b)和至少一个在所述最低密封口袋内部层叠的叠置密封口袋(50c,50d),每个密封口袋具有闭合的顶点(51)、在相对于所述顶点的近端设置的具有上边缘(53)的横向面向内的开口侧(52)、连接顶点和上边缘的上壁(54)、下壁(55)、以及由上边缘和顶点限定的深度(56),
所述底座还包括在所述层叠密封口袋内部设置的横向向外延伸的侧翼(147a,147b),
其中所述吸收组件至少部分地横向设置在最低密封口袋之间。
2.如权利要求1所述的一次性尿布,其中所述吸收组件延伸到所述最低密封口袋的上壁内。
3.如前述任一项权利要求所述的一次性尿布,其中所述吸收组件延伸到所述最低密封口袋的上壁内和所述叠置密封口袋的下壁内。
4.如前述任一项权利要求所述的一次性尿布,其中所述叠置密封口袋的近端上边缘与所述最低密封口袋的近端上边缘横向等距离设置。
5.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的一次性尿布,其中所述叠置密封口袋的近端上边缘相对于所述最低密封口袋的近端上边缘设置在横向远端。
6.如前述任一项权利要求所述的一次性尿布,其中所述叠置密封口袋的深度与所述最低密封口袋的深度基本相同。
7.如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的一次性尿布,其中所述叠置密封口袋的深度与所述最低密封口袋的深度不同。
8.如前述任一项权利要求所述的一次性尿布,其中所述最低密封口袋的上壁在所述裆区以防止所述最低密封口袋展开的方式连接到所述底座的内表面。
9.如前述任一项权利要求所述的一次性尿布,其中所述叠置密封口袋的上壁和下壁在裆区以防止所述叠置密封口袋展开的方式连接在一起。
10.如前述任一项权利要求所述的一次性尿布,其中每个所述侧翼包括邻近所述侧翼的远侧边缘(158)连接的纵向可延展的翼弹性构件(167a,167b)。
CNA2006800008172A 2005-05-18 2006-05-17 具有层叠密封口袋的一次性吸收制品 Pending CN101018529A (zh)

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