CN100591980C

CN100591980C - Energy efficient, high-intensity lighting fixture and method and system for efficient and energy saving high-intensity lighting

Info

Publication number: CN100591980C
Application number: CN200680008460.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: M·K·戈尔丁; T·J·博伊尔
Original assignee: Masco Corp
Current assignee: Ma Sike Co., Ltd
Priority date: 2005-01-18
Filing date: 2006-01-18
Publication date: 2010-02-24
Anticipated expiration: 2026-01-18
Also published as: WO2006078696A3; WO2006078696A2; CN101142436A; CN101776235B; HK1113814A1; HK1144834A1; CN101776235A

Abstract

An apparatus and method for high intensity lighting includes, in one aspect, a reflector frame having a main portion generally following a surface of revolution of the type that produces a convergingbeam and a second portion following a surface of revolution of the type that produces a different shape beam. Placement of the second portion in the reflector frame allows shifting of parts of the light beam in desired directions.

Description

High energy efficiency high strength lighting fixture and be used for the method and system of highly effective energy-saving high intensity illumination

The cross reference of related application

According to 35U.S.C. § 119, the application requires the priority of the U.S. Provisional Application No.60/644784 of submission on January 18th, 2005, and its full content is incorporated into this by reference.The application still is the non-provisional application of the following U.S. Provisional Application of all submitting on January 18th, 2005: No.60/644639; No.60/644536; No.60/644747; No.60/644534; No.60/644720; No.60/644688; No.60/644636; No.60/644517; No.60/644609; No.60/644516; No.60/644546; No.60/644547; No.60/644638; No.60/644537; No.60/644637; No.60/644719; No.60/644687, the full content of each application is incorporated into this by reference.

The application also requires the priority of the common unsettled U. S. application No.10/785867 of submission on February 24th, 2004.

Be incorporated into this by reference

The full content of following United States Patent (USP) is incorporated into this by reference:

4816974

4974303

5161883

5600537

5816691

5856721

6036338

The full content that belongs to the applicant's common unsettled U.S. Patent No. 10/785867 (patent application publication number US 2005/0184681) is incorporated into this by reference.

I. background technology

A. technical field

The present invention relates to produce the illuminating equipment of the controlled convection light of high strength that is used for target far away relatively.Specifically, the present invention relates to this illuminating equipment, its using method and the application in being used in combination the system of a plurality of such equipment thereof, this illuminating equipment places on the high bar usually, so that illuminate the target area in combination in energy-conservation mode, this illuminating equipment has dazzle still less and the astigmatism of overflowing, and has and reduce cost and/or the ability of working cost.A main example is the sports ground illumination.

B. the problems of the prior art

The illumination of sports ground is commonly referred to as sports lighting.Figure 1A-1G has shown a kind of such sports lighting facility.Football field 5 among Figure 1A is illuminated by the array 1 that is set up in one group of illuminating equipment 2 on the bar 6 (seeing Figure 1A).As known in the art, existing the whole bag of tricks is used to design quantity, type and the position of bar 6 and equipment 2, thinks that the place provides desirable or the required light quantity and the uniformity.The predefined quantity of illumination and uniformity specification are arranged usually so that defer to.

The sports lighting fixtures 2 of most of traditional forms is that diameter is some feet a bowl-type aluminium reflector, has the clear glass lens 3 that hung by transverse arm 7 by adjustable knuckle 4 (seeing Figure 1B), and transverse arm 7 is fixed on the bar 6.Each illuminating equipment 2 has some adjustabilitys around vertical and horizontal axis.Each equipment 2 therefore can be by regulating knuckles 4 with respect to transverse arm 7 run-home zone or place 5 uniquely.

This common configuration of sports lighting fixtures 2 keeps constant relatively for many years, and this is because it is relatively economical and durable design.It has been represented and has wished to control economically high-strength light to distant object, make wind load minimize reasonable coordination between the two simultaneously; When equipment surpasses 100 feet when aerial outdoor being elevated on some walls, wind load is obvious especially.More large-scale reflector can be controlled light fixture better.Yet wind load may cause impracticable.A remarkable block cost of sports lighting fixtures relates to the light fixture that how to raise.Wind load is big more, and bar must have higher robustness and so and more expensive.In addition, conventional aluminum bowl-type reflector forms by spinning process (spinning process).For different lighting uses, the different equipment 2 on the bar 6 need different beam shapes.The spinning process that is used to produce aluminium bowl-type reflector is efficient relatively and economical, even can realize reflector shape miscellaneous and light fixture control effect.The corrosion resistance of aluminium is highly beneficial, particularly for outdoor lighting.

Economy is a key factor for most of sports lightings.Main sports lighting consumer comprises various groups, for example school zone, municipal transformation department and the private group of establishing that moves.These groups are responsive especially to cost.Certainly, if 100 illuminating equipments are erected on ten bars, easier light quantity and the uniformity specification that satisfies the place.Illumination the designer can guarantee to be provided to place and place superjacent air space volume more than required light quantity.Yet, but for most consumers, cost factor will stop like this to be done.Because sports lighting is always unessential, therefore may do not purchased.

Therefore, a lot of effort have been paid at reducing the sports lighting fixtures cost.A kind of approach is that the required illuminating equipment quantity in suitable illumination target place is minimized.Computer program is developed out for this reason.Programming can realize the optimization of throwing light on, and this makes the quantity of bar and equipment minimize again, to satisfy the illumination specification of a certain purposes.Usually, required illuminating equipment is few more, and the equipment cost that is caused is low more, and it is low more to lift the cost of bar of high equipment.

Also attempted developing more powerful sports lighting lamp.Yet though this lamp can produce higher light output, they need more electric energy to come work.For each illuminating equipment is provided with the quantity that more lamp can reduce illuminating equipment and bar, but this will increase the employed electric flux of each illuminating equipment.Common sports lighting lamp may only use several hrs on average every day.The expected service life of sports lighting fixtures is at least decades.Therefore, particularly between in use under the long situation, cost of energy just becomes obviously.

In recent years, sports lighting also must be handled the problem of the dazzle and the astigmatism of overflowing.For example, if light propagates into outside the zone of sports ground, then light may overflow and loose near the residential building of sports ground.In addition, the high strength of lamp may cause that the resident suffers dazzle, or the driver on only access road is produced the formation safety problem.Some offices have issued rules, and how many dazzles relevant sports lighting or other broad area outdoor lighting can produce or the astigmatism of overflowing.Though existing multiple indemnifying measure is attempted, they much can cause hindering, absorbing or otherwise reduce the amount that light enters the place.This not only can cause the illuminator cost to increase owing to dazzle and the astigmatic control measure of overflowing, but also requires in some cases to use extra equipment to satisfy minimum light quantity and uniformity specification.May increase more cost like this, with the light loss that compensates dazzle and the astigmatic control measure of overflowing cause.In some cases, even may need more expensive and/or additional bar to support extra equipment.

Therefore, contending with of interests and problem proposed challenge to the sports lighting designer.Some interests may be conflicted each other with problem.For instance, the needs for more economical sports lighting all exist always.On the other hand, in fact the dazzle and the astigmatism control of overflowing can increase cost and/or reduce the light quantity that can be used to illuminate the place.Designer the have to a plurality of factors of balance, for example cost, durability, size, weight, wind load, life-span and maintenance item.The trial that improves this technology mainly concentrates on indivedual aspects of sports lighting.For instance, the design of the computer of illuminator makes hardware cost and system's installation cost minimize easily, but uses traditional lamp and illuminating equipment technology, and this is its weakness.In addition, the lamp that luminous flux is bigger produces more light, but will use with traditional illuminating equipment technology.Therefore, the sports lighting technology being carried out improved needs still exists.

At present big zone or on a large scale illuminator exist energy loss, the energy loss of illuminating equipment, the light of electric energy in the conversion of luminous energy for example to arrive non-expectation or problems such as energy loss that useless position produced.The present invention will address these problems.

II. summary of the invention

The present invention relates to how to arrive the target area and produce the used energy value aspect improvement sports lighting of light by equipment from control light.The present invention includes device, method and system, be used for transporting light to object space effective and more energy-conservationly, and reduce the outer dazzle of object space and the astigmatism of overflowing.

Luminous energy has cost.The electric energy that each sports lighting fixtures consumption is quite a large amount of is to produce light from each equipment.As be shown in Figure 1B-1F, each equipment 2 receives electric energy by power system 9 from power supply (commerce or local-style dwelling houses power supply), power system at first distributes electric power by centralized power distribution case or the cabinet (Fig. 1 C) that is used for particular system usually, then electric power is sent to the ballast case (Figure 1B and C) on each bar 6, then by distribution be sent to each equipment 2 (Figure 1B, D-F).The typical element of sports lighting fixtures is designed to expect at least and can uses decades, and regularly replaces lamp as required.The present invention not only considers the cost of hardware and installation thereof, also considers how to produce light effectively and consume electric energy in working life.

Nuances is that most of sports lighting fixtures are being worked in the short time relatively.For example, even all be used every night, also nothing but 2-4 hour.Yet, in the period of 10, this means thousands of hours work.For each equipment, every day even annual energy consumption may look all not too big.Yet, consider that from bigger scope for example, the cost of energy in 10 years of 30 equipment is just very high.This also only is at an athletic ground.If multiply by the illuminated athletic ground quantity in the whole world, in keeping the place, can cut down the consumption of energy in the received illumination, just very considerable.

The present invention is intended at producing light more efficiently with respect to energy used in the design of sports lighting fixtures with the type of illuminating equipment.This not only relates to business efficiency (by the cost of use energy still less with the reduction owner of system), but also relates to entire society aspect broadness.Recognize in the world that at present tradition neither unlimited, can not avoid destructive based on the energy source of fossil type fuel.Therefore the present invention target directing is designed sports lighting fixtures and throw light on the hardware of the more overall globality of realization in relevant broad area, and at whole how many energy of working life internal consumption of system.

A problem solved by the invention is efficiently to produce light.This point has some interior connotations.One of them is to be reduced in certain light level of realization of goal and the required energy value of the uniformity.Yet another connotation is the amount that is transported to the using light of target from the energy increase of specified rate.

The present invention has also solved other environmental problem.Many lighting uses require to have the light of certain value or intensity above object space, also require to have certain other uniformity of level at whole object space.In the example of Tao Luning, illuminating equipment sets up round the periphery of object space in front, and their light beam acquiring diverse location, to attempt to be implemented in the ideal tensile strength and the uniformity in the whole object space.If some light are not dropped on the change outside the object space, just be difficult to realize this point, particularly at the edge of object space.Like this excessive astigmatism and dazzle may influence environment.This may cause adjacent architectural " light pollution ".This can produce safety problem, for example, hinders near driver of lamp or pedestrian's sight line.Therefore, the present invention will solve overflow astigmatism and glare problem.

The present invention also provides the different abilities that are configured to satisfy different lighting use demands of selecting.For example, the various features of illuminator can be selected, to realize the low fund cost of illuminator.Can also select various features, to reduce job costs.Can also select feature, to reduce dazzle and the astigmatism of overflowing.Can also select feature, with improve object space and above the quality and quantity of light and/or the performance of system.The present invention allows to be conceived to one of above-mentioned feature or the combination between them.

A. purpose of the present invention, feature or advantage

Therefore, main object of the present invention, feature or advantage are to provide a kind of high strength lighting fixture, its using method, with and combination in illuminator, improve or deal with problems obtaining at weak point of the prior art.

Other object of the present invention, feature or advantage comprise equipment, method or system, and it can obtain in the following benefit one or more:

A) reduce the energy that consumes;

B) increase the amount of the available light of each equipment for the energy of fixed amount;

C) light that more effectively uses each equipment to produce with respect to the target area;

D) provide method of operating, it can either reduce job costs, can increase the lamp life-span of each equipment again;

E) operating characteristic of improvement equipment;

F), thereby can reduce system's fund cost by the equipment quantity of minimizing for given target area;

G) can reduce for the system synthesis in given place this, yet, even totle drilling cost increases, also can compensate or offset cost variance by reducing energy consumption;

H) for the purposes of most of sports lightings or other typical this type of high strength lighting fixture,, all have high robust and durability no matter be indoor or outdoor;

I) by reducing energy usage the whole world is benefited;

J) can prolong the working life of some elements of equipment;

K) can be with respect to object space or area decreases dazzle and the astigmatism of overflowing;

L) can reduce single equipment or the wind drag or the effective view field (EPA) of equipment in groups, this allows the littler and/or more cheap structure (for example bar) of setting up, and this again can be from reducing the fund cost of illuminator in fact.

B. illustrative aspects of the present invention

Equipment according to one aspect of the invention comprises high strength lighting fixture equipment, and high-intensity discharge (HID) lamp that it has the band arc-tube is different from traditional HID lamp.Add in the arc-tube chemical substance of described lamp in the metal halide salt pond of strengthening (metal halide salt pool).Traditional oxide white coating of tradition arc-tube opposite end is cancelled.York piece is configured to keep arc lamp, thus its arc-tube in most of conventional operation position of equipment in horizontal level work, or approach horizontal level as far as possible.Do not change, have the oxide white coating and do not compare at the lamp of horizontal level operation with chemical material, when operation, lamp of the present invention produces extra luminous flux with identical electric energy.

In others of the present invention, the reflection of light face that is used to control from lamp comprises very highly reflective material, and it is installed on the framework, is applicable to controlled, the concentric light beam of sports lighting or analog with generation.Highly reflective material is installed into round the major part of the equatorial line of arc lamp.The main portion of highly reflective material is accompanyed or follow the shape in convoluted surface haply.This main portion can produce highly consistent, controlled, concentric light beam to distant object.Highly reflective material reduction light loss for the used antiradar reflectivity spinning of conventional motion illuminating equipment aluminium reflector, and improve uniformity and the light that controls to target.Therefore, employed every energy unit can produce extra available light in target.

In others of the present invention, to the principal reflection shape and the directed part of accompanying or follow the convoluted surface shape that is different from partly of small part.An example is, the light that the horn-like part branch below the lamp is assembled is less than the part of accompanying or follow the convoluted surface shape.This can guide to target with light effectively, and otherwise this part light can make progress from the bottom along the direction of equipment aiming from reflecting surface to depart from and overflow outside the outside head for target and loose.Second example is to be placed in the light that the horn-like part branch of the either side of lamp assembles to be less than the part of accompanying or follow the convoluted surface shape.This can get back to target with light deflection effectively, and otherwise this part light can loose to excessive along the outside side direction in the direction head for target zone opposite with this side of equipment.

If used rightly, the low convergence of each of primary reflection surface part can be added originally can be from the light of target loss, and therefore improve the light quantity that every energy consumption unit supplies with target.This can also make equipment quantity minimize.It can also reduce dazzle and the astigmatism of overflowing.

In others of the present invention, additional reflecting surface extends forward and is also made by highly reflective material from the roughly convoluted surface of primary reflection surface.Be different from the traditional shield that mainly stops light, reflecting surface of the present invention not only can stop the light that may become dazzle or overflow astigmatism, and efficiently and with the light that the height controllable mode will be wasted originally guides to the target area again.The framework that supports the additional reflection face can be connected to the framework of primary reflection surface in integrated mode, and this also can make the wind drag of whole equipment minimize.

In others of the present invention, the lens that are positioned on primary reflection surface and the lamp have preventing reflection characteristic, to reduce the light loss that occurs when light enters and leave glass surface.This further can utilize the energy that is used to produce light of same amount increase to arrive the light of target.Low iron glass can be used to improve light transmittance.

One or more of in the above-mentioned feature of the present invention can be used for equipment or combined with equipment.Yet above-mentioned feature is used manyly more, and synthetic effect generally is high more.Compare with equipment with traditional HID lamp, such equipment for the energy of same amount can: (a) produce more available light from light source, (b) more efficiently from light source to equipment external reflectance, control and transmission light, (c) light that will understand the breakaway zone originally leads back in the target area again.

In others of the present invention, a plurality of such equipment are used in the illuminator that designs at specific target areas together.Mode with accumulation can realize more available light, and more efficient and use under identical energy the extra light that produces effectively, and this can reduce the quantity of the required equipment in given target area that throws light on.This can reduce system cost, and the required magnitude of energy of internal operating system during further reducing for a long time.It can also promote to prolong the lamp life-span.

In others of the present invention, a kind of method comprises: (a) by operating the HID light source at horizontal level or near horizontal level, increase is from the amount of the available light of light source, described light source has the metal halide salt pond of increasing, and there is not the oxide white coating on the arc-tube, particularly in the equipment of sealing cover, (b) by the efficient light of handling from light source, be included in the equipment lens and use the reflecting surface of high total reflectivity and the transfer surface of low light loss, increase is from the amount of the available light of equipment, (c) by the reflecting surface of most high total reflectivity is roughly arranged along convoluted surface, be used for the controlled of relative distant object zone with generation, the homocentric pencil of rays, increase the amount of target place available light, wherein some other parts of reflecting surface are different with the orientation and/or the position of convoluted surface roughly, guide to target again with the light that will can become the dazzle and the astigmatism of overflowing originally.

Optional aspect of the present invention comprises method and apparatus, is used to increase to give the amount of the electric energy of lamp altogether, and does not increase the energy that obtains from controller switching equipment.An example is to use the ballast circuit higher than conventional art efficiency.Although being increased in each and looking that constantly absolute magnitude is less relatively of this efficient, in several thousand hours operating process of this lamp, their accumulation can be very considerable.

Another optional aspect of the present invention comprises method and apparatus, be used for to arc lamp supply electric energy, thereby in the operation lifetime of arc lamp, energy input reduces.This method comprises with the power operation arc lamp lower than the power that is used for lamp or lighting use of common regulation, but power can not hang down the characteristic energy of the unacceptable or appreciable impact light of the light quantity of generation for given purposes or have lamp to produce the danger of fault or damage.In the most of the time of arc lamp operation with low-power operation.After long-time, be generally several thousand hours lamp life-span, this accumulation can bring remarkable energy input and cost savings.

In still another aspect of the invention, the energy of lamp work significantly reduces, but can not influence the characteristic of lamp or the life-span of damage lamp in fact, and leaning between the later stage at operation lifetime, the amount of the electric energy that lamp is in operation increases, to compensate the luminous flux attenuation that this arc lamp long-time operation produces at least in part.The electric energy that increases is chosen such that the electric energy consumption consumption of promptly accumulating still is lower than the used amount of conventional art in the most of the time in lamp life-span, therefore can realize the net energy saving.The operation lifetime length of lamp also can increase in fact in some cases.

In still another aspect of the invention, a kind of equipment and method reduce light stopping or spread in equipment or when equipment sends, thereby make more available light supply targets for the energy consumption of specified rate.In an example, a kind of equipment and method are used to reduce the venting of illuminating equipment.Equipment is assembled in controlled environment, unexpectedly be applied on any reflecting surface, lamp or the lens to prevent foreign matter, and equipment seals in factory.Another example comprises changes into one or more part of traditional HID equipment that those are made by the material of not exitting.Another example is to change by filter to be taken a breath in equipment inside.Another example is to hide the parts that those are particularly exitted under the effect of UV light at light.The venting and/or the foreign matter that reduce on these surfaces or the parts can improve the light quantity of sending from equipment for the equipment energy consumption of same amount.

Others of the present invention have proposed equipment, method and system, and it can reduce in essence by the dazzle that one or more equipment sent that is used for given purposes or object space or the astigmatism of overflowing.

With reference to appended specification and claims, the these and other objects that the present invention may be better understood, feature, advantage and aspect.

III. description of drawings

Each figure has shown the details of equipment according to the illustrative embodiments of equipment of the present invention.The principle that has shown equipment and the application facet in sports lighting fixtures thereof among some figure.Below brief description of drawings is intended to provide the related universal of each picture group.

A. overall movement illuminator

Figure 1A and subsequent figure 1B-G thereof have shown a kind of sports lighting fixtures generally and have been used for the traditional element of sports lighting fixtures.

B. the arc-tube 12 of retrofiting

Fig. 2 A and subsequent figure thereof have shown a kind of high-intensity discharge arc-tube according to embodiment of the present invention.

C.Z-Lamp ^TM 20

Fig. 3 A and subsequent figure thereof have shown a kind of high-intensity discharge arc lamp, and it uses with exemplary embodiment of the invention.

D. the general parts of equipment 10

Fig. 4 is the schematic partial exploded view according to the illuminating equipment 10 of exemplary embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 5 A and subsequent figure thereof are the various views of the equipment among Fig. 4, wherein have first illustrative embodiments (being called short shield sometimes) according to shield of the present invention.

Fig. 6 A and subsequent figure thereof are similar to Fig. 5 A and subsequent figure thereof, have shown second illustrative embodiments (being called long shield sometimes) that has according to shield of the present invention.

E. total obliquity factor aligning gear

Fig. 7 schematically shows the operation according to the wing drop factor correcting mechanism of exemplary embodiment of the invention.

The reflection insert of F. overall high reflectance

Fig. 8 A and subsequent figure thereof have shown the reflection insert of high reflectance generally, and it has formed primary reflection surface on lower floor's reflector framework or supporting arrangement.

G. reflector framework 30 (less convergence bottom and/or side skew)

Fig. 9 A and subsequent figure thereof are the forward views according to the example of the reflector framework of exemplary embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 9 D and subsequent figure thereof are the detail drawings of the reflector framework among Fig. 9 A-C.

Figure 10 A and subsequent figure thereof are similar to Fig. 9 A and subsequent figure thereof, show a kind of substituting embodiment of reflector framework, and it is configured to have the right side beam deviation according to one aspect of the invention.

Figure 11 A and subsequent figure thereof are similar to Figure 10 A and subsequent figure thereof, show a kind of substituting left side beam deviation reflector framework.

Figure 12 and subsequent figure thereof have illustrated a kind of substituting embodiment of the reflector framework in Fig. 9 A and the subsequent figure thereof.

Figure 12 G and subsequent figure thereof have illustrated a kind of substituting reflector framework of the right side skew reflector framework in Figure 10 A and the subsequent figure thereof.

Figure 12 J and subsequent figure thereof have illustrated a kind of alternative of the left side skew reflector framework in Figure 11 A and the subsequent figure thereof.

Figure 13 and subsequent figure thereof have illustrated a kind of alternative of the reflector framework in Fig. 9 A and the subsequent figure thereof.

The right side that Figure 13 G and subsequent figure thereof have illustrated in Figure 10 A and the subsequent figure thereof is offset a kind of substituting of reflector framework.

Figure 13 J and subsequent figure thereof have illustrated a kind of alternative of the left side skew reflector framework among Figure 11 A-C.

Figure 14 shows a kind of centering ring, and it helps lamp is positioned at the base portion of reflector framework.

Figure 15 shows a kind of retaining ring, and it is used for the centering ring of Figure 14 is clamped in the reflector framework.

Figure 16 shows a kind of air-breather/filter, and it can be positioned in opening on the reflector framework, so that the air exchange of reflector framework inside.

H. special reflection insert 120

Figure 17 A and subsequent figure thereof have shown one type reflector insert, and it removably is placed in the reflector framework.

Figure 18 A, 19A, 20A, 21A, 22A, 23A, 24A and 25A and subsequent figure thereof have illustrated the substituting embodiment of reflector insert.

I. the lamp awl 40

Figure 26 A and subsequent figure thereof are forward view, cutaway view and the isometric view of lamp awl according to aspects of the present invention.

J. the knuckle plate 60

Figure 27 A and subsequent figure thereof are perspective view, forward view, cutaway view and the isometric view of knuckle plate according to aspects of the present invention.

Figure 28 A and subsequent figure thereof are the views of the finger safe electric connector in the knuckle plate that can be installed in Figure 27 A and the subsequent figure thereof.

Figure 29 A and subsequent figure thereof are the views of the wire stress releasing structure in the knuckle plate that can be installed in Figure 27 A and the subsequent figure thereof.

Figure 30 A and subsequent figure thereof are perspective view and other views of the knuckle packing ring of the knuckle in Figure 36 A and the subsequent figure thereof.

Figure 31 A and subsequent figure thereof are to be used for the view that knuckle with Figure 36 remains on the bolt on the lamp awl among Figure 26.

Figure 32 A and subsequent figure thereof are the views of O type ring that is used for the knuckle bolt of sealed picture 31A.

Figure 33 A and subsequent figure thereof are the views that can be used for the pad of knuckle bolt.

Figure 34 A and subsequent figure thereof are the views that can be used for the pad of the knuckle O type ring among Figure 32 A.

Figure 35 A and subsequent figure thereof are that the knuckle lamp awl that can be used for knuckle among Figure 36 A and the awl of the lamp among Figure 26 A is the view of fixing bolt.

K. knuckle 50

Figure 36 A and subsequent figure thereof are the views that can be connected the knuckle on knuckle plate among Figure 27 A and the awl of the lamp among Figure 26 A.

Figure 37 A and subsequent figure thereof are to can be placed in the knuckle among Figure 36 A and perspective view, forward view and the isogonism zoomed-in view of the travelling gear between the lamp york piece among Figure 44 A.

Figure 38 A and subsequent figure thereof are the views of lining that is used for the travelling gear of Figure 37 A.

Figure 39 A and subsequent figure thereof are the vertical view and the side views that can be installed in the spring between york piece among Figure 44 A and the awl of the lamp among Figure 26 A.

Figure 40 A and subsequent figure thereof are front view and the side views that can be used for the zero-bit alignment tools of knuckle among Figure 36 A and the awl of the lamp among Figure 26 A.

Figure 41 A, 42A and 43A and subsequent figure thereof are respectively inboard fasteners, the view of outside fastener and inboard backstop fastener, they can be used for the lamp awl among Figure 26 A, provide when the lamp awl has departed from factory calibrated and reorientate the lamp awl accurately, for example, be used to the purpose safeguarded.

L. york piece 80

Figure 44 A and subsequent figure thereof are the views of york piece, and york piece is applicable to that the lamp socket with arc lamp remains in the lamp awl among Figure 26 A, comprises the wing drop factor correcting structure that is used for keeping at the equipment sighting angle of certain limit the lamp orientation.

Figure 45 A and subsequent figure thereof have shown the york piece stop, remain on pivot position in the lamp awl among Figure 26 A but be used for york piece with Figure 44 A.

M. overall short and long shield 70

Figure 46 A is two shields perspective view side by side that is attached to the reflector framework among Fig. 5 A and the 6A, also shows the example of the reflection bar of the high reflectance that is installed in the shield bottom side.

Figure 46 B is the fragmentary, perspective view that is attached to the shield among Figure 46 A of the leftmost side of reflector framework.

Figure 47 A and subsequent figure thereof are the additional perspective view of the reflector among Figure 46 A of the leftmost side.

Figure 48 A and subsequent figure thereof are the additional perspective view of the reflector among Figure 46 A of the rightmost side.

N. glass lens

Figure 49 A and subsequent figure thereof are the views of lens frame, and described lens frame is configured to keep the glass lens of illuminating equipment, and shield can be attached on the lens frame.

Figure 50 A and subsequent figure thereof have illustrated the instrument bezel packing ring, and it is used for the lens frame of Figure 49 A is sealed to the reflector framework.

Figure 51 A and subsequent figure thereof have illustrated the lens frame alignment finger, and it is used for guaranteeing the lens frame of Figure 49 A correctly rotated and is assembled into the reflector framework.

Figure 52 A and subsequent figure thereof have illustrated the lens packing ring, and it is used for glass lens being kept and being sealed in the lens frame of Figure 49 A.

Figure 53 A, 54A and 55A and subsequent figure thereof are the views of pivot block, connector and locking bolt arm, and this locking bolt arm is used for and will has the front openings that lens frame shown in Figure 49 A of glass lens and shield is locked into the reflector framework separably.

O. the mounting rail and the supporting arrangement that are used for the shield insert

Figure 56 A and 57A and subsequent figure thereof show siding track and following siding track on the shield reflection insert respectively, and they can be installed on the shield, and can be embedded bar by the reflection of attaching high reflectance, as are shown in Figure 46 A-48A.

Figure 58 A and subsequent figure thereof have illustrated shield transition clip, and it can be fastened on the shield inboard, and what be used to be in differing heights does not reflect transition between the insert on the same group.

The basic element of character and the extension component of P. short and long shield 70

Figure 59 is the forward view of the base portion shield on the lens frame that can be attached among Figure 49 A.

Figure 60 is the forward view of shield extension component, and described shield extension component can be attached to base portion shield among Figure 59 to form the short shield among Figure 46 A.

Figure 61 is a kind of forward view of substituting shield extension component, and it can be connected to base portion shield among Figure 59 to form the long shield among Figure 48 A.

Q. high reflectance shield insert

Figure 62 A and subsequent figure thereof have shown an example of long shield insert.

Figure 63 A and subsequent figure thereof are the views of the end reflections shield insert of special configuration, and described shield insert can be placed in the horizontal two opposite sides of shield.

Figure 64 A and subsequent figure thereof have illustrated a kind of substituting embodiment of reflection shield insert.

Figure 65 A shows a kind of substituting embodiment of opposite ends of the reflection shield insert of the reflection insert that can be used among Figure 64 A.

Figure 66 A and subsequent figure thereof have illustrated the shield insert supporting arrangement of the shield insert that is used for Figure 62 A and 63A.

Figure 67 A and subsequent figure thereof have illustrated shield insert supporting arrangement, and it can be used for the reflection insert among Figure 64 A and the 65A.

Figure 68 A and subsequent figure thereof have illustrated the assembling of shield insert to Positive rack.

R. miscellaneous

Figure 69 A and subsequent figure thereof are the views of reflector packing ring, and described being used for is connected to the position sealing of lamp awl with the reflector framework at it.

Figure 70 A, 71A, 72A, 73A, 74A, 75A and 76 and subsequent figure be the view that can be used for the securing member of the various elements shown in other figure.

S. the shield that has the up ligthing feature

Figure 77 A-J is the view with shield of hole (Figure 77 A), but installation frame (Figure 77 B-F) in this hole; (Figure 77 G-J is installed in this framework translucent insert; This combining structure can be provided " up ligthing " by equipment, thereby for some additional illuminations (for example in order to improve the movement on athletic ground) are provided above the object space.

T.D shape transverse arm

Figure 78 A-B has shown the transverse arm that one or more equipment can be installed; Described transverse arm has " D " shape profile or cross section, to improve EPA.

IV. the specific embodiment

A. general introduction

In order to understand the present invention better, below with the detailed description exemplary embodiment.Will be continually with reference to the accompanying drawings in description.Reference number and symbol are used for some parts and the position of presentation graphs.Unless otherwise noted, otherwise identical reference number is represented identical parts and position with symbol in each figure.

A kind of embodiment of illuminating equipment is described with reference to sports lighting, sports lighting fixtures and sports lighting fixtures, is used for the sports field of throwing light on, and for example is shown in Figure 1A and 1C.Illuminating equipment must illuminate the space (concentrate sometimes and be called target area or object space) of the certain volume of place and top, place according to predetermined light level and uniformity specification.Embodiment relates to the equipment that uses high-intensity discharge (HID) lamp, this lamp be generally at present 1000 watts or more than, be the metal halide type.Such equipment has the equipment of some arrays usually, and is usually overhead in two or more a plurality of high relatively bar (35 feet to 100 or more feet).The electric energy of system is delivered to switch board by commercial power supply system usually.Electric energy is assigned to each bar then, and each bar has ballast case separately, the ballast case utilize distribution with power distribution to each illuminating equipment that is positioned at each masthead portion (referring to, for example, Figure 1A-1E).

In this respect, therefore sports field is target area or space.Each sports facility has more than one target area.Yet, be appreciated that the present invention can be applied to adopt other field of these or other HID lamp, and be not limited to the HID lamp of type above-mentioned or be confined to sports lighting.

B. exemplary apparatus

1. the general lighting equipment 10

Fig. 4 shows the primary element of sports lighting fixtures 10 generally with the form of decomposing.Fig. 5 A and B show them with perspective view.Equipment 10 has the similarly general element of some and prior art sports lighting fixtures, but has introduced some different structural member and notions.Installed part or knuckle plate 60 (360 aluminium with polyester powder coating) arrive the downside of transverse arm 7 with bolting.Knuckle plate 60 has adjustability around vertical axis 62 (seeing Figure 27 A).Knuckle (knuckle) 50 (360 aluminium) with polyester powder coating at one end with bolting to the bottom of knuckle plate 60, and extend with axis 52 and be pivotally connected on the lamp awl 40 (referring to Fig. 4 A) along its other end.Can recognize that knuckle 50 supports the remainder of illuminating equipment 10 basically, and utilize an arm realization this point that extends downwardly into a side of lamp awl 40 from transverse arm basically.Knuckle 50 has not too complicated structure.

Lamp awl 40 (360 aluminium with polyester powder coating) rotate around axis 52 with respect to knuckle 50.Lamp awl 40 comprises socket 154 (see Figure 44, be similar to commercially available), with bolt socket 154 is fixed on the smooth connecting plate 160 (referring to Figure 44) between the

arm

156 and 158 of york piece (yoke) 80.Lamp 20 (the Z-lamp of this jade-like stone company of agate (Musco Corporation) ^TM) have and can screw in and screw out socket 154 (Fig. 4 illustrate screw in operating position) to install or the threaded base of the lamp 20 of dismantling.

Reflector framework 30 (cast aluminium 413-sees Fig. 9 A and subsequent figure thereof) is connected with lamp awl 40 usefulness bolts.Primary reflection surface 32 is installed in (comprise a plurality of bars side by side with higher total reflectivity herein, see Figure 17-25 and subsequent figure thereof) inside of reflector framework 30.Reflector framework 30 has the major part of accompanying or follow in the surfaces of revolution, and has the different part of at least one orientation.Therefore, reflector framework 30 is designed in advance, makes a part of light beam break-in that is produced by reflecting surface after light beam is applied on the reflector framework 30.The lens frame (Figure 49 A) that is used for glass lens 32 removably is locked in the front portion of reflector framework 30.Shield 70 can be installed on the lens frame, and extends from last the place ahead of reflector framework 30 in place.Shield 70 comprises and is positioned at its inner high reflectance bar 72.

By Fig. 5 A and B are compared as can be seen with Fig. 6 A and B, shield 70 can adopt difformity and form.The shield 70A of the first kind (Fig. 5 A and B) is shorter, and not forward and extend downwardly into the such degree of the second type shield 70B (Fig. 6 A and B).These two types have identical base segment, and it initially extends from reflector framework 30 with less convergence angle.The extension, distally is connecting base segment, and inwardly turns back towards the central axis of reflector framework 30 is angled.The employed extension of short shield 70A is shorter than long shield 70B.Shield 70B is applicable to, for example, and when equipment 10 aims at angle near level.70A compares with shield, and it can stop and guide more light again, otherwise these light zone that can depart from objectives.

2. lamp 20

Arc lamp 20 is disclosed universal class lamps that carried out some modifications in the U.S. Patent No. 5856721 of this jade-like stone company of agate, and the content of this patent is incorporated into this by reference.The lamp of these types by this jade-like stone company of agate with trade name Z-lamp ^TMUse, normally 1000 watts or bigger metal halide (MH) HID lamp.The arc-tube 12 of arc lamp 20 passes the longitudinal axis of arc lamp obliquely.During work, arc lamp 20 is located in illuminating equipment 10 rotatably, to such an extent as to the longitudinal axis of the longitudinal axis of arc-tube and arc lamp limits perpendicular, and the longitudinal axis of arc-tube 12 is positioned as close to horizontal plane.Be used for the opposite end (referring to the shadow region of Fig. 2 B-E) of traditional HID light fixture adularescent oxide coating of sports lighting round arc-tube.As being shown in Fig. 2 A (not having shade), the arc-tube 12 of lamp 20 can be transformed, to abandon traditional oxide

white coating

16L and 16R or it is removed from opposite end 13L and 13R.

In traditional metal halide HID lamp, comprise that those are used for the lamp of sports lighting, light passes through the high-pressure mercury discharge generation, and is added other luminescent substance, to improve the spectrum of lamp.Referring to W.van Erk, " Transport processes in metal halide gasdischarge lamps ", Pure Appl.Chem., Vol.72, No.11, pp.2159-2166,2000, the document is incorporated into this by reference.Some other luminescent substance comprises sodium-scandium mixture, is called metal halide salt sometimes.The arc-tube 12 of the metal halide lamp 20 in this illustrative embodiments is modified as the sodium-scandium salts mixture pond with recruitment.This is almost the twice of such traditional HID lamp.For example, 2000 watts of HID metal halide lamps that are used for sports lighting have about 31 milligrams of such salt traditionally.The present invention is increased to about 61 milligrams.This provides bigger " salt pond " in the whole working life of lamp.

3. mass reflex device framework 30

Fig. 4 A, 5A and 9A and subsequent figure thereof have shown the details of reflector framework 30.Reflector framework 30 is made by the aluminium (for example aluminium alloy 413) of die casting (die-cast).Reflector framework 30 can also be made by other material (for example scribbling the steel of powder).Different with the spinning bowl-type reflector of prior art, reflector framework 30 does not have any surface that is used for light is controllably reflexed to the target area.Therefore, reflector framework 30 need not carry out more processing (outside can be printed) after casting.Reflector framework 30 provides basic framework or support for primary reflection surface 32, and primary reflection surface 32 makes most of beam-shaping of illuminating equipment 10 and it is controlled.Reflector framework 30 is bowl-type basically, has base closed and smooth outer surface.

Reflector framework 30 is than traditional spinning aluminium reflector thicker firmer (estimating firmer 2 to 3 times).Die casting is more economical and can make multi-form reflector framework 30.By contrast, not only die casting reflector framework is than common spinning aluminium reflector firmer (can keep out such as object and other power such as hail, baseballs), and die casting reflector framework can produce softer more manageable illumination for sports ground textural more flexible.

As being shown in Fig. 5 A-B and 6A-B, projection or

protrusion

71A, 71B extend from the outside of reflector framework 30.These protrusions are the penetrator rams that are used for die casting, to such an extent as to can not be distorted after foundry goods is done and takes out from mould.Die casting provides point-device method of the framework of the primary reflection surface that the mode with economy is formed for illuminating equipment.

When assembling, lamp 20 processes are positioned at the bottom of reflector framework 30 or the opening 110 of central authorities extends, and are located substantially on the central authorities of reflector framework 30.The reflecting surface 32 of high reflectance is round the major part of the cloche of the grip hold arc light pipe 12 of lamp 20.The normal surface that is horizontally through central authorities' (its equatorial line) of arc-tube 12 is projected on the reflecting surface 32 basically, but because arc-tube 12 tilts with respect to the center axis of sighting of reflector framework 30 (longitudinal axis of lamp 20 is basically along the central axis of reflector framework 30), so the part of the outstanding equatorial line of arc-tube 12 is stretched out obliquely from the front openings of reflector framework 30.

Utilize hold-down ring 114 (1/16 inch thick aluminium 5052-H32 by bolt or the screw that reflector framework 30 is installed on the lamp awl 40, even carry out anodization with etching, and referring to Figure 14 A-C) (thickness is the teflon Teflon of 0.060 mechanical level with packing ring 112 ^TM(PTEF), referring to Figure 15 A-C) be clamped in opening 110 around.Can be with reflector ventilation duct 116 (referring to Figure 16 A and B) (U.S. big lake company (Great Lakes) filter for example, Part No. ACF-F-30PPI-75-75 or equivalent) insert the ventilating opening 118 (referring to Fig. 9 D) of reflector framework 30, be used for to exchange to the inside of reflector framework 30 through filtered air, in factory ventilating opening 118 sealed basically.

Reflector framework 30 is roughly the shape (parabola or hyperbola or its combination) of the ordinary movement illumination surfaces of revolution, and this is because reflector framework 30 will support the primary reflection surface 32 that produces controlled convection light.This light beam need all be controlled at vertical and horizontal plane.Shown in Fig. 9 A, the major part of reflector framework 30 (referring to Reference numeral 102) form-is approximately 244 ° of reflector framework 30 tops by the basic surfaces of revolution between transition point 104 and 105 (for example parabola or hyperbola).This part that covers reflector framework 30 when reflecting surface 32 is on 102 the time, and the major part of the luminous energy of lamp 20 is caught and accurately controlled to illuminating equipment 10, and it is converted into the shape that is used for sports lighting.

4. the low convergence lower portion 108 of reflector framework 30

Yet reflector framework 30 can comprise different another part of characteristic (referring to Fig. 9 A and subsequent figure thereof, Reference numeral 108).This part has different shapes with the surfaces of revolution of part 102.In the form shown in Fig. 9 F, part 108 is approximately 116 ° and be positioned at the lower semisphere central authorities of reflector framework 30 inside.When the primary reflection surface 32 of high reflectance is applied on the part 108, to be compared by the situation of part 102 (this part is formed by the consistent surfaces of revolution) reflection with light, light is reflected in lower convergent mode.

Therefore, reflector framework 30 specially is cast into the part that comprises that at least one is such, this part supports highly reflective material, towards light source 20, and this part is not the part by the general surfaces of revolution of remainder (it the is assembled basically) match of reflecting surface 32 in different low convergence directions.Easily for illuminating equipment 10 designs with make this low convergent part, because reflector framework 30 is foundry goods and reflecting surface is to be increased on the reflector framework.Low convergence part 108 is designed so that the light that will leave sports ground of illuminating equipment 10 changes direction, and to make it be in useful positions be the sports ground illumination.In fact, for the standard sighting angle of sports lighting fixtures, the light that impinges upon on the low convergence part 108 of lower semisphere can be used for illuminating sports ground, rather than advances and " overflowing " sports ground along level or on level.

A part of surfaces of revolution that this jade-like stone company of agate had adjusted the bowl-type reflector of common traditional rotary pressing processing is in the past adjusted that part of direction of light from reflector.Referring to the U.S. Patent No. 4947303 of this jade-like stone company of agate, its content is incorporated into this by reference.Yet the sort of method relates to increases independent insert on the reflecting surface of spinning reflector or mechanic shot peening is handled or that part of that part of reflection characteristic of adjusting reflector of etching spinning reflector.In the illuminating equipment 10 of the embodiment of the invention, the non-reflection supporting construction that the use permission of casting reflector framework 30 separates with reflecting surface becomes the part of reflection bracing frame.This has been avoided using independently covering or adjustment reflecting surface.

5. the side Offset portion 109 of reflector framework 30

As selection, reflector framework 30 can have the additional areas that is similar to above-mentioned low convergence part 108, and this zone can change to supporting reflex face 32 so that light is dispersed.The difference of part 109 be it be positioned on the transverse side of reflector framework 30 (and be positioned at when in place lamp 20 laterally or a side place).Yet its effect is withdrawn on the sports ground identical with the light that handle will leave sports ground.As shown in the figure, these side Offset portion can be on the either side of reflector framework 30, and can have different structures.Referring to Reference numeral 109L and the 109R of Figure 10-13, show the various examples of the different side offset configuration of illuminating equipment 10.

Therefore, this " side skew " or the skew of basic horizontal of light are particularly useful in sports lighting.It can allow may be that the dazzle or the astigmatic light that overflows are got back on the sports ground by " promotion " or deflection.It also allows extra illumination perhaps to allow conversely to remove some light from a certain zone on a certain zone of sports ground and do not increase more illuminating equipment.

Can recognize that the ability that reduces the dazzle of an illuminating equipment and the astigmatism of overflowing is important.Even for an illuminating equipment, eliminate in fact that light overflow to loose in outside sports ground (for example to neighbours' house) or the phenomenon that produces dazzle (for example to the driver of adjacent street) may be very favorable.But, make the light shift of a plurality of illuminating equipments in the specific illumination system can reduce dazzle continuously significantly and the astigmatism of overflowing.In addition, make light shift and the light intensity that reduces illuminating equipment (at least during the initialization of the lamp of illuminating equipment) combine and to reduce dazzle widely and/or the astigmatism of overflowing.

Die casting reflector and the ability that accurately forms multiple shape (thereby having multiple light shift function) provide following very big flexibility, that is, " promotion " light leaves and is regarded as non-favourable position to uses favourable position and/or " pulling " light for illumination.Example on sports ground is to make the only skew after second base in ball park of more light.Another example is the excessive astigmatism that reduces the corner, end in football field.Light shift perhaps on the sports ground and that leave sports ground can take place.Can increase or reduce the light at certain a part of place of sports ground, perhaps make the light that will leave sports ground change direction and be increased in the light that enters sports ground.Almost Anywhere position and the intensity of light of designer in can the select target space.Though such as items such as width of light beam, range-to-gos the size of light shift is had certain influence, still can have above-mentioned advantage.Therefore, single illuminating equipment or a plurality of illuminating equipment that specific illumination is used can have beam deviation parts or light shift parts, use to such an extent as to can customize illumination.

6. high reflectance primary reflection surface 32 (reflector insert 120)

Reflecting surface 32 is independent of reflector framework 30.In this exemplary embodiment, reflecting surface 32 is made of the elongate strip that a group (for example 36, per about 10 ° round reflecting surface 32) are called the high reflectance sheet material that reflects insert 120.The shape of each insert 120 (for example width), minute surface reflectance (for example more diffusions or more flashes of light) and outward appearance (for example smooth, that become scalariform, shot-peening, veined) can differ from one another or be all similar.

Figure 17 A shows an example of reflection insert 120.It is by the Anolux MIRO of 0.020 thickness

IV anodic oxidation illumination sheet material (can obtain from the Anomet company in Ontario, Canada Bin Dun city) is made.This material has higher total reflectivity (at least 95%).This material can be shaped as curved.Figure 17 B shows a shaped profile that is installed on pin 126 and 128.This material has chemical blast and forms the basic unit of raffinal of the hard wet look of oxide, and has the thin film exterior layer of super reflexive steam deposition.This has produced the surface of relative hard durable, and this surface will make incident minimum 95% luminous ray reflection thereon.This material is with smooth sheet-form supply.Insert 120 is cut into anticipated shape, and is smooth.Can breaking away from from adhesive type of thin plastics protects sheet material to be added on the reflection side so that reflecting surface is not subjected to the influence of fingerprint or other foreign substance during operation.

The disengaging sheet material of provisional protection can be placed on the reflection side of reflection bar 120 during fabrication.Can be scoring to allow " disconnect and divest " to break away from sheet material breaking away to make on the sheet material.When assembling during illuminating equipment 10, the workman each reflection bar 120 can be installed and needn't worry fingerprint or other material adhere on the reflection bar 120 (it/she can catch insert 120, even touches its forward and backward side, and fingerprint can not stayed on the reflection side).But in the proper time of assembling, can be by divesting the disengaging sheet material fast easily with its removal.

When will reflect insert 120 be installed on the reflector framework 30 in place after, the reflection insert 120 be limited in basically between inner pin 126 and the exterior pin 128.Reflection insert 120 needn't accurately lean against the profile that limits himself on the entity face of the reflector framework 30 that is positioned at thereafter, but reflector framework 30 provides basic support and shape for reflection insert 120 really, because each reflection insert hangs on two pins of bowl-type reflector framework 30.

The material of each insert 120 has the uniformity of height, because it is made under strict and highly controlled creating conditions by big sheet material.The subtlety of material is that it is used for reverberation more effective (therefore more the light that is utilized of multipotency arrives sports ground), and its very high reflectivity causes controlling more accurately reverberation (it reflects light source more accurately).This has greatly improved the validity and the efficient of the illuminating equipment 10 in the sports lighting fixtures of sports ground.

The substitute of reflecting surface 32 is can be from the aluminium that is coated with silver of supplier (the Alanod Aluminum company in for example German En Neipei Tacheng) acquisition.Such material can be realized higher reflectivity (perhaps high 3%) than above-mentioned material, but is not equally durable with above-mentioned material.

Figure 17-25 shows the various examples of the reflection insert 120 of the inner surface that can be installed to reflector framework 30.The high reflectance bar 120 of Zhi Zaoing needn't polish or other processing in advance, and these processing need be carried out repeatedly for spinning aluminium reflector.Therefore, avoided another cost of traditional spinning aluminum illuminating equipment.And color separated or striped that spinning aluminium reflector occurs after polishing are avoided, this be because a face of reflection bar 120 be flat (though installing) along another curved surface and after manufacturing without polishing.

In one exemplary embodiment, 36 inserts 120 (when the bottom is 2 inches) are installed on the reflector framework 30.The light beam type of illuminating equipment expection is depended in the characteristic of each selected insert and the position on reflector framework 30 thereof.Width, curvature and surface characteristic thereof after can installing insert 120 design with generation and be used for the required type of specific illumination equipment of special exercise field and the light beam of characteristic.Can customize insert 120 for illuminating equipment.As selection, can form the stock of limited pattern, all stock item can both be installed on the pair of pin 126 and 128 of reflector framework 30, and can produce the required many standard light beam types of sports lighting.Can be identified for the specific reflection insert 120 of each illuminating equipment of the illuminator of this sports ground according to the specification of computer-controlled program and/or sports ground.Therefore, the workman can easily select and install suitable insert 120 for the appointment illuminating equipment, and needn't test or expert appraisal in the illumination design.The workman must make the specification of inventory item and that illuminating equipment be complementary basically.

Each insert has the

shaping opening

122 and 124 towards the opposite end, and these openings are suitable for that mount pin 126 and outer mount pin 128 act synergistically in reflector framework 30 inside one group.Every group of opening 122 on each

reflection insert

120 and 124 spacing and structure, and the spacing of corresponding that group inner pin 126 on the reflector framework 30 and exterior pin 128 allows fast and easily to fix or remove insert 120 with structure.The location of insert and fixing do not use any securing member also needn't tool using.

Fig. 9 A and subsequent figure thereof have illustrated the details of inner pin 126 and exterior pin 128 and how insert 120 have been installed.The rectangular aperture 122 of reflection insert 120 is vertically placed the height place that is in the groove 127 of inner pin 126 on the inner pin 126 up to the plane of reflection insert 120.Reflect then insert 120 with respect to inner pin 126 a little to front slide, to such an extent as to keep the inner of reflection insert 120 not move.The broad outer end of reflecting insert 120 is then slipped into basically and is coupled on the exterior pin 128.The little tongue 125 that extends in the shaping opening 124 that reflects insert 120 can still remain on inner pin 126 and the exterior pin 128 in place by rubbing to be snapped in the pin 128 slightly and to apply elastic force will reflect insert 120 by slight curvature.After being installed in insert 120 on one group of pin 126 and 128, insert 120 curved with and the intrinsic elastic resistance of material it is further crooked during operation or get back to flat configuration, comprise that opposing attempts the tendency near lamp 20, thermal source.

Each reflection insert 120 forms the single little reflector of light source (arc-tube 12, lamp 20) in fact.In order to produce the synthetic light beam of high degree of controlled from illuminating equipment 10, the reflection insert installs in reflector framework 30 and the accuracy of position is important.The pin formula installation method of reflection insert 120 allows to place exactly insert 120 and stops insert 120 in back in place the variation of shape or position to take place.In addition, this method makes fast and easily insert 120 is assembled in the illuminating equipment 10.

Can recognize, can make the reflection insert 120 of different patterns and structure for different illuminating effects.Utilize the spinning reflector to be not easy to realize this point.Shown in Figure 17-25, the accurate curved profile of reflection insert 120 with and width can determine the characteristic of the synthetic light beam that illuminating equipment 10 is produced.In the U.S. Patent No. 6036338 of this jade-like stone company of agate related principle has been described, the content of this patent is incorporated into this by reference.It should be noted that wideer reflection bar 120 (for example shown in Figure 19 A) can comprise two pairs of inner shaping openings 122 and outside shaping opening 124, and utilize two groups of inner pin 126 and exterior pin 128.

Shown in Fig. 9 A and subsequent figure thereof, how different with exterior pin 128 in the different piece place of reflector framework 30 spacing to inner pin 126.For example, at major part 102 places of reflector framework 30, all are sold 126/128 equidistantly spaced apart first distance.At low convergence part 108 or side Offset portion 109 places, pin has shorter but equal spacing to 126/128, and this is shorter and curvature is different because be used for the reflection insert 120 of these parts.

Can utilize different reflection insert 120 to produce different beam characteristicses for identical reflector framework 30.The example of insert 120 as shown in the figure.These examples can be divided into three primary categories: (a) wide 2 inches in the lens end, be used for the light beam (Figure 24) of medium-width; (b) wide 4 inches (lens end) is used for wideer horizontal beam spread (Figure 22-23 wherein utilizes illuminating equipment still less to realize illumination); (c) and wide 1 inch (lens end), the beam propagation that is used to be rather narrow (being generally used for wide illuminating equipment) (Figure 17).Certainly, other structure also is fine.Can be different different width, minute surface reflectance, shape and the reflectings surface of illuminating effect design.For whole illuminating equipment 10, insert 120 can be identical or different.

On the other hand, identical reflection insert 120 can just be applied to difform reflector framework 30 without change, and can produce different beam shapes for illuminating equipment 10.Fig. 9 A and subsequent figure thereof have illustrated the reflector framework and the reflection insert of the light beam that can produce all medium as known in the art reflection type 3.Those skilled in the art will recognize that the light beam (for example, wide reflection type 4, narrow reflection type 2 etc.) that can utilize suitable reflection insert and difform reflector framework 30 to produce other type.

In addition, low convergence lower portion 108 or low convergence side Offset portion 109 can change the characteristic of the light beam of illuminating equipment 10.Figure 10,11,12 and 13 shows the low convergence part 108 of reflector framework 30 and the not isostructure that has or do not have a left side or right flank Offset portion 109.Fig. 9 A-C, 12A-C and 13A-C to 10C show the variation such as previous described low convergence lower semisphere part 108.Figure 10 A-C, 12A-C and 13G-I have increased so-called right flank Offset portion 109R except low convergence lower portion 108.Part 109R on the transverse side of reflector framework 30 has the shape that is different from major part 102.The shape of part 109R also can be different from low convergence part 108.Can recognize,, compare, can make the light that is incident on the primary reflection surface 32 that places on the Offset portion 109R of side form lower convergence with major part 102 by selecting the sort of shape for use.Therefore, this light will be tending towards more directly being directed into the outside of the page shown in Figure 10 A, rather than arrive the right part of Figure 10 A.For the illuminating equipment with the laying for direction target, part 109 can be returned target with a large amount of light deflections, otherwise illuminating equipment will be from that lateral deviation at part 109 places from target ground projection light.The skew of typical side is about 60% of 360 ° of primary reflection surfaces 32.

Similarly, Figure 11 A-C, 12J-L and 13J-L show the variation of left surface Offset portion 109L.Part 109L is added on the reflector framework 30 so that making to assemble towards the axis of sighting of reflector pass the light shift that axis arrives the place that departs from objectives then, and makes that part of smooth deflection return target.

It should be noted that Figure 10-13 only shows several structure examples of part 108 and 109.Certainly, other structure also is fine.

The ability that forms easily can realize the customization of light beam by the variation (for example low convergence part 108 or side Offset portion 109L or R) that utilizes reflector framework 30.Owing to cast the ability of reflector framework 30, easily make the above-mentioned part of reflector framework 30 so can not utilize or utilize nominal extra cost.Also owing to the ability that forms a plurality of arbitrarily differences reflection inserts 120 (having any multiple reflection characteristic) that can on reflector framework 30, exchange, so may there be almost numerous beam shape.

Except the width of insert 120, can revise further feature and produce different reflection characteristics.For example, facet or other surface variation can be increased on any part of any insert 120 or insert 120.Example is the facet on the insert 120 that is used on side Offset portion 109L or the R.Another example is the stairstepping reflecting surface.Another example is the combination of facet or ladder and shiny surface.Another example is to adopt paint on the part of reflecting surface.Allow any of these examples more customized and change flexibly according to the shape of the light beam of illuminating equipment 10 and characteristic.The example of these surface types of the reflection bar that is used for highly reflective material for example or sheet material has been described in the U.S. Patent No. 6036974 of this jade-like stone company of agate.

Facet is tending towards making light to disperse.In same illuminating equipment 10, some insert can have facet, and some insert can not have facet.This allows mixing and coupling from the light of each illuminating equipment, perhaps allows to mix and coupling light with respect to other illuminating equipment in this system.The example that use has the insert of facet or ladder is to correct " B bar phenomenon " well known in the art.Can be used to eliminate this problem up to the stairstepping insert in 40% to 60% the illuminating equipment.

The high reflectance insert has not only increased the light quantity on the reflecting surface of antiradar reflectivity of for example spinning aluminium reflector of illuminating equipment, and owing to utilize this usable reflection accurately to control available light, so reduced dazzle and made more light place sports ground.Can select to reflect insert 120 and it is installed on the die casting reflector framework.Needn't change for the expection of every kind of light output and change die casting reflector framework.Though (for example can make several different reflector framework patterns, left avertence is moved, right avertence is moved, be not offset etc.), but it is different with spinning aluminium reflector, needs specific manufacturing step for every kind of beam shape and be used for each reflector in spinning aluminium reflector.

The optional feature of insert 120 is can have ladder from the inner to outer end insert 120.One or more ladder is used for along a direction propagates light (perhaps reducing light-for example reduce dazzle or the astigmatism of overflowing).Can on mould, form each ladder.These ladders are very effective modes that direction of light is changed.These ladders can be used for replacing die casting reflector frame facet skew pattern.Even these ladders can be placed in traditional spinning aluminium reflector so that light shift.

An insert only can make from the part light shift of illuminating equipment output.For example, stairstepping insert can be propagated the light (that is to say, outwards produce relatively little projection from the periphery of the light beam of circular) of the synthetic light beam of a part that comes from illuminating equipment.A plurality of stairstepping inserts can be propagated more most of or all light beams.On the contrary, difform stairstepping insert can reduce the girth of fraction, most or all light beams.Ladder might be no more than 1/4 inch.More commonly, ladder is in the magnitude of 0.080 or 0.160 linear inch.Ladder needn't be constant on position or height.

Therefore, as can be seen, selection use insert 120 can make the light shift from the light beam of illuminating equipment.This may be very useful for dazzle or excessive astigmatic control.

Can recognize that insert 120 (comprising the ability of changing insert 120) makes illuminating equipment 10 have very big flexibility.Utilize identical die casting or other reflector framework or main body, can improve in the future.For example, require to become strict more, can change insert 120 so and satisfy new requirement if after first the installation, be used for a certain the illumination dazzle of using and the astigmatism of overflowing.

7. lamp awl 40, knuckle 50 and knuckle plate 60

Lamp awl 40, knuckle 50 and knuckle plate 60 form adjustable connection between transverse arm 7 and reflector framework 30.Lamp awl 40 also supports lamp 20.Figure 26 A and subsequent figure thereof have illustrated the details of lamp awl 40.Except the several openings (for example being used for knuckle bolt 174 and travelling gear) of front openings 132 (reflector framework 30 is fixed by bolts on it and uses washer sealing) and side, lamp awl 40 seals basically.

Laterally projecting boss by lamp being bored 40 sides or pivot 136 insert complementary circular breach or incorporating section 172 (the seeing Figure 36 C) in the cross side of knuckles 50, and lamp awl 40 is attached to knuckle 50 pivotly.Knuckle bolt 174 (is seen Figure 31 A, 32-34), by suitable nut and pad, is kept lamp awl 40 and knuckle 50 in that to be assembled into a time-out not separated from one another.Packing ring 176 (Figure 30 A-D) centers on pivot incorporating section 172 and opening 174 and knuckle 50 and is assemblied in one heart between lamp awl 40 and the knuckle 50, enters knuckle 50 to stop water, insect or dust.As seen in Figure 26 and 36, when these parts were assembled, the complementary structure on the interface of lamp awl 40 and knuckle 50 was bored 40 smoothnesses with respect to knuckle 50, the accurate rotation as load-bearing surface and position limiting structure so that lamp to be provided.

As be shown in each figure, and knuckle 50 is connecting knuckle plate 60 (seeing Figure 27), and the knuckle plate is fixedly mounted in again on the transverse arm 7.The arm 178 of knuckle 50 extends to mounting end 180.Knuckle plate 60 is connected to the bottom of transverse arm 7 by inserting a bolt in each shaped groove 194 and 196.This makes it possible to regulate knuckle plate 60 with respect to transverse arm 7 rotations in the scope of whole shaped

groove

194 and 196.

Should be pointed out that knuckle 50 mainly comprises single arm, it is by the major part of pivot connecting portion along the side suspension equipment 10 of lamp awl 40.(wherein knuckle directly extends in the rear portion of lamp awl to be different from some existing equipment, and trochoid is between transverse arm and lamp awl), knuckle 50 provides certain functional advantage at first, although equipment 10 may slightly overweight spinning aluminium reflector equipment, but pass through the side arrangement of pivoting point along lamp awl 40, lamp awl 40, reflector framework 30, lamp 20, shield 70 and other element are littler in the moment that the distally of this tie point produces.Can believe that this moment reduces only about half of.This is useful for long-term durability, when particularly standing outdoor power miscellaneous and situation for equipment, comprises strong wind.Connecting portion moment is less can also to be stoped and skids between lamp awl and the transverse arm or concern that change, these situations may cause aiming at influenced.The second, can realize shorter equipment, this is because equipment is drawn into the perpendicular near transverse arm.This helps the EPA that provides lower.The 3rd, knuckle 50 makes power line be exposed to environment with minimum level.Power line passes knuckle plate 60 (from transverse arm 7 inside), passes knuckle 50 inside, and enters lamp and bore 40 inside, is sealed by structure fully.The 4th, can utilize parts to support and sighting equipment with uncomplicated relatively structure.

The round opening 182 of the mounting end 180 of knuckle 50 is around downward extension 192 assemblings of knuckle plate 60 bottoms.Pass the bolt hole 184 of mounting end 180 of

knuckle

50 and 186 bolt and extend into shaped

groove

194 and 196 in the knuckle plate 60.This combination allows to rotate adjusting knuckle 50 (in the shaped

groove

194 and 196 gamuts that limit of knuckle plate 60) within the specific limits with respect to knuckle plate 60.In this way, in case knuckle plate 60 is installed in transverse arm 7 bottom sides, knuckle 50 has some adjustabilitys around vertical axis.Also be provided with seal (for example around the O type ring of bolt 174-see Figure 32 A-C; With O type ring in the concentric groove of bolt 174-, also see Figure 26 E) referring to Figure 30 A-D.

Shaped groove 188 in the knuckle 50 provides the pivot restriction of lamp awl 40 around knuckle 50.Therefore knuckle 50 can be used in any side of sighting equipment 10 in transverse arm 7.In addition, the lamp awl 40 given sighting angles that can be arranged on respect to knuckle 50, as described below.Inboard backstop fastener 142 can be fixed in lamp bores on the 40 lip-deep boss 144.Interior outside backstop fastener 146 and 148 can be at the two opposite sides of such position bolt at the shaped groove 188 of knuckle 50, promptly when lamp awl 40 is regulated its expection sighting angle with respect to knuckle 50 rotations, inside and outside side-line firmware 146 and 148 will be resisted against stop fastener 142 or boss (is seen Figure 26 A-essentially rectangular boss or projection, be positioned at below the #36), described boss extends to groove 194 or 196 (also can referring to Figure 26 J) from lamp awl 40.Therefore, the setter of illuminator can obtain the backstop of factory preset, and it is corresponding to the correct sighting angle of each equipment 10.When can being installed in the place in system, this avoids aiming at separately each equipment.In addition, also allow easier maintenance.Lamp awl 40 bolts 174 that remain on the knuckle 50 can be unclamped, and lamp awl 40 and reflector framework 30 etc. can be to lower swings.Maintenance can be implemented.Do not need to align again or aiming again, the workman only needs reflector framework 30 grades are upwards put back, runs into backstop fastener 142 and lamp is bored 40 being tensioned to again on the knuckle 50 until lamp awl boss.Knuckle 50 can mold casting forming and removably is installed on the mold casting forming reflector framework 30 by packing ring or other structure, to prevent the leakage at the interface between parts.Backstop fastener 142 is stayed original position, so the workman knows that equipment will get back to accurate homing position, and does not need to aim at again or confirm aiming.

8. york piece 80

York piece 80 at pivot axis 140 places (referring to Fig. 4 and Figure 26 C) by pivotal support the place ahead at lamp awl 40.The pivot pin 152 of york piece 80 is (referring to Figure 44 A, to illustrate in greater detail it below) vertically slip into cooperation female part 134 (it limits pivot axis 140) the arrival lamp awl 40 that is positioned at opening 132 opposite sides, and be held in place via the mechanical whorl of york piece keeper 173 (Figure 45 A-D) by the screwed hole centering of female part 134 opposite sides.

Lamp socket 154 is installed between the

arm

156 and 158 of york piece 80 by means of bolt, screw or other utensil rearward end 160 by york piece 80.Therefore, york piece 80 can be around axis 140 rotations that limited by the female part 134 in the lamp awl 40.By with combined with transmission, pivotable york piece 80 allows the arc-tube 12 of the arc lamp 20 that supported by york piece 80 to remain on horizontal level and is not subjected to the influence of the inclination of lamp awl 40.Fig. 7 A-E illustrates this total obliquity factor correction feature of illuminating equipment 10 with Figure 26 and 44.

Travelling gear 202 (Figure 37 A-D) has by axle 208 and the isolated abreast gear wheel part 204 of pinion part 206.Axle 208 rotatably is pivotally mounted in and is arranged in lamp and bores the opening 138 of 40 sides (depart from lamp awl 40 rotations with respect to knuckle 50).Lining 203 (plastic bushing/lining-Figure 38 A-D) provides bearing-surface for the axle 208 of the gear 202 in the opening 138 of lamp awl 40.

When assembling illuminating equipment 10, pinion 206 and tooth bar 170 (referring to Figure 36) engagement that is formed in the knuckle 50.Gear wheel 204 is transferred and tooth bar 190 engagements that are fixed on york piece 80 (referring to Figure 44) side.Lamp awl 40 can rotate with respect to knuckle 50 around its pivot axis 136 in perpendicular, thereby makes illuminating equipment 10 can have different sighting angles with respect to target.Because the front portion of york piece 80 (at its pivot axis 140 places) are fixing with respect to lamp awl 40, so york piece 80 also rotates in perpendicular when 40 rotations of lamp awl.If york piece 80 is completely fixed with respect to lamp awl 40, then the longitudinal axis of lamp 20 also will rotate in perpendicular.Yet, this will with following preferably conflict mutually, promptly no matter how the sighting angle of illuminating equipment all makes arc-tube 12 work in the horizontal plane.

Therefore, illuminating equipment 10 this point that remedied as described below.Tooth bar 170 is fixed in the knuckle 50.Knuckle 50 is fixing with respect to transverse arm 7.Select transmission device and the parts relevant, so that lamp awl 40 causes york piece 80 to rotate pro rata around different pivot axis 140 around rotatablely moving of axis 136 with it.The position of yoke pivot axis 140 is chosen as consciously is positioned at or near the frontal plane of lamp awl 40.When lamp awl 40 rotated up, the front portion of york piece 80 and travelling gear 202 increased, and still while gear wheel 206 lifts the rear portion free end of york piece 80 pro rata, to such an extent as to the direction of lamp 20 and its arc-tube 12 with respect to the horizontal plane remains unchanged.

When assembling, the longitudinal axis of york piece 80 aligns with the longitudinal axis of lamp awl 40 or is parallel.Therefore, when correctly being installed in lamp 20 on the york piece 80, the longitudinal axis of lamp will be bored 40 the identical angle of vertical axis tilt with york piece 80 and lamp.This position is the reference position basically.If lamp awl 40 is for example with respect to transverse arm 7 from horizontal plane downward-sloping 30 ° when bar 6 is erect, then the longitudinal axis of york piece 80 is also from horizontal plane downward-sloping 30 °.This will make arc-tube 12 place horizontal plane.

This relation allows to utilize such as Z-lamp ^TMLamp 20, and allow it to work in horizontal level is as long as arc-tube equals lamp awl 40 tilt quantity with respect to the horizontal plane with respect to the angle deviating of the arc lamp longitudinal axis.Therefore, if arc-tube 12 with respect to 30 ° of the vertical axis tilts of lamp 20, and the socket that lamp 20 screws in york pieces 80 makes the axis of arc-tube and lamp axes be positioned at perpendicular, then boring 40 arc-tubes 12 during from downward-sloping 30 ° of horizontal plane when lamp is levels.As mentioned above, arc-tube 12 in the work of horizontal plane with the correct tilt factor.

Yet, because not all illuminating equipment will aim at following 30 ° of horizontal plane, so for lamp awl each side of reference position (for example horizontal plane below 30 °) selecting scope (for example in the plane of knuckle 50 from above water 15 ° progressively to below the horizontal plane 47 °) in rotation, york piece 80 is automatically adjusted to keep york piece 80 direction with respect to the horizontal plane.

Fig. 7 further illustrates this wing drop factor correcting.If lamp awl 40 with respect to the horizontal plane is inclined upwardly the several years 30 ° reference position from it, then travelling gear 202 will rotate in the opening 138 as Fig. 7 lamp that D is shown in awl 40 in the counterclockwise direction.Tooth bar 170 is about knuckle 50 and about fixed in space.Lamp awl 40 is to tilt (referring to Fig. 4) about its rotation 136, and rotation 136 is also fixing in the space.The front portion anterior and therefore york piece 80 of lamp awl 40 will (referring to Reference numeral 302, Fig. 7) move up along camber line.Travelling gear 202 will move up along camber line (Reference numeral is 304) equally.Yet being rotated counterclockwise of travelling gear 202 means that gear wheel 204 will be rotated counterclockwise simultaneously.Because gear wheel 204 is fixing with respect to lamp awl 40, so being rotated counterclockwise of gear wheel 204 will cause tooth bar 190 to move straight up along the 3rd camber line (Reference numeral is 306) is independent of lamp awl 40 in lamp awl 40 motion straight up.So, because tooth bar 190 is fixed on the york piece 80, pivot, and rotation amount is directly proportional with the amount of rotating up of lamp awl 40 so the rear portion of york piece 80 will make progress together with tooth bar 190.When lamp awl 40 is rotated down, the rear portion of york piece 80 will be carried out similarly proportional moving downward automatically.Yet, because the pivot axis of the more close lamp awl 40 in the rear portion of york piece 80, so the rear portion amount of exercise of york piece 80 is less than the amount of exercise of lamp awl 40.

A kind of alternative measure is, with respect to any pivot maintenance lamp fixed-site of lamp awl 40.Yet this can cause the significant change of arc-tube 12 with respect to the position of the reflecting surface of equipment 10.This may require to recomputate sighting angle in fact for each sighted direction of equipment 10.Preferably the different sighting angles for equipment 10 change the position of arc lamp 12 with respect to the reflecting surface of equipment 10 as small as possible.Therefore, the front portion that the front portion of york piece 80 is fixed on lamp awl 40 means that the front portion of york piece 80 moves with the front portion of lamp awl 40, and basically lamp 20 is limited in the same position with respect to the reflecting surface of equipment 10.Therefore, remaining thing only is with respect to the amount of movement of the front portion of york piece 80 rear portion of lifting york piece 80 pro rata, so that york piece and lamp 20 are remained on identical angular orientation with respect to ground in the mode identical with the reference position.

In this embodiment, above water be approximately+15 ° to-60 ° with following slant range.This scope covers most of traditional sports lighting sighting angle (its 95% at 30 ° of light beams and axis of reference place).Can recognize that the guiding factor that is used to move the wing drop factor correcting is the pivot location of york piece 80.Pivot functions as described above, this be because it basically with lamp awl 40 and reflector framework 30 between joint face be in identical plane.If york piece is bored place, 40 rear portions the closer to lamp and is pivotally connected on the lamp awl 40, then will be difficult to obtain accurate correction more.When occurring some between the reflecting surface of the position of arc lamp 20 and illuminating equipment 10 and change, this changes can be less relatively.Therefore, can carry out the aiming again of trace if necessary.

Carefully select gearratio (gear wheel 204 has the identical number of teeth with pinion 206),, thereby keep the identical downward angular orientation of york piece 80 to such an extent as to accurately compensating lamp is bored 40 any making progress or downward inclination.In other words, although york piece 80 and lamp awl 40 links to each other, and york piece 80 is bored 40 and is moved along with lamp when lamp awl 40 leaves the reference position and pivots, yet transmission device causes york piece 80 pivots to keep identical direction with respect to the horizontal plane.Because compare with york piece 80, lamp awl 40 is around different axis rotations, so the selection of transmission device is crucial for the motion that makes york piece 80 produce correct proportions.Though york piece 80 will exist some to change with respect to the actual physical location of lamp awl 40, it is parallel with its reference position that the direction of york piece 80 keeps.No matter this will make lamp awl 40 still depart from reference position (within transmission range) Z-lamp to a certain extent in its reference position ^TMThe arc-tube 12 of lamp 20 can both keep level.

In order to tackle the gap and in order to apply eccentric force with respect to york piece 80, extension spring 210 (referring to Figure 39 A-B) is connected the bar 212 of york piece 80 and bores at lamp between the bar 214 of 40 front portions.Selecting this spring is in order to keep suitable eccentric force.Be necessary to the transmission device preload, to such an extent as to do not have gap or sideshake in the gear.This has increased the accuracy of aiming.When illuminating equipment 10 is safeguarded, can leave bar 214 and easily break away from spring 210 by pulling spring 210.The pitch diameter of last several teeth is cut into the pitch diameter that is slightly larger than other tooth on the gear wheel 204.This makes combined mechanism insensitive to meshing once more.

Therefore, this design allows to carry out the wing drop factor correcting in preset range.It also allows by the tooth bar 190 disengaging engagements of gear wheel 204 from york piece 80 (are lower than downwards

Degree) and maintenance package easily.Be attached to the remainder swing backward then downwards of its lamp awl 40 and equipment 10, leave above-mentioned scope to implement to safeguard (for example take off lens and cleaning, change lamp, etc.) and therefore to pivot.In the positions of downward about 60 degree, keep equipment without any geared parts, although spring 210 still provides some elastic force.In case these gears break away from engagement, lamp awl 40 is pivoted to vertical position downwards with relevant illuminating equipment 10 remainder freedom, and can not be subjected to the interference of gears engaged.When sighting equipment again, its pivot returns in place, and gear wheel 204 is engaged in the tooth bar 190.Cross section A-A among Figure 26 J and B-B have shown the gears engaged in the cross section and the attaching of spring.

Electric energy is supplied with lamp 20 by finger safe connector 220 (Figure 28 A-M).Connector can be installed in the opening 164 in the knuckle plate 60.Stress relief 222 can center on opening 164 buckles, so that provide strain relief for the electric wire of communicating by letter with finger safe connector 220.This makes it possible to realize the easy and safe electrical connection of electric wire to each equipment 10.After connector snapped in the opening of complementary shape of knuckle plate 60 central authorities, two bolts of capturing kept it in place.It is installed in factory, as lamp 20.Therefore can not produce mistake by contractor.Trade name AMP ^TMFinger safe cuff/the connector of (the Tyco Electronics of the Harrisburg of Pennsyivania) can be so that wire pair be safe in installation personnel.

The lamp socket 154 of lamp 20 is installed in (Figure 44 F) (also referring to Reference numeral among Figure 44 H 42) in two arcuate slots 187 of york piece 80 bottoms.If necessary, under arc-tube 12 did not end at situation with respect to the correct spin orientation of level, these calibration tanks allowed to rotate slightly lamp socket.Lamp 20 can have from the pin of its base portion horizontal expansion, and lamp socket 154 can have helicla flute (referring to the United States Patent (USP) 5856721 of this jade-like stone company of agate).The end of groove can be designed to end stop, rotates in lamp socket with the base portion that stops lamp 20, and makes it be in correct lamp position of rotation for arc-tube 12 levels operations.Yet, be difficult in lamp socket, make groove with point-device tolerance.At present, this means that lamp can end at departs from correct position of rotation+-5 degree or 6 degree.If necessary, groove 187 allows the lamp socket rotation to regulate to realize compensation, and this is because only the rotary shifted obliquity factor or the other problem of also may causing of lamp in several years increases the weight of.In addition, pin may misplace on the lamp base portion or in the groove of lamp socket sometimes.The cloche of lamp 20 also may be with respect to its threaded base portion or 12 some dislocation of its arc-tube.Calibration tank allows the lamp assembler to check correct Z-Lamp ^TMSpin orientation, and if incorrect for some reason, the workman can rotate lamp socket to compensate.In addition, compare with the lamp installed part that for example is used for the spinning reflector, the smooth installation surface of york piece 80 bottoms makes guarantees correctly to align easilier.Be difficult on the awl of the lamp on the spinning reflector, obtain smooth installation surface.This may cause lamp 20 with respect to spinning reflector and horizontal direction dislocation.Yet because the lamp 20 in the equipment 10 is installed on the flat surfaces and is adjustable, accurately the location can obtain.

A kind of alternative measure of york piece 80 is, for the position of each equipment sighting angle manual adjustment lamp 20 with respect to horizontal direction.This is high labour intensity, and may cause assembler or setter mistake.

If obliquity factor does not need to proofread and correct, york piece 80 can be bored 40 fix in position with respect to lamp.This point can realize under the situation of omitting travelling gear 202.A kind of such situation is that lamp 20 is sodium HID lamp, and is for example known in the field.There is not obliquity factor in they.

As previously mentioned, if sighting angle is not to be in the reference position, wing drop factor correcting element is mobile slightly with respect to the reflecting surface of equipment 10 with the arc-tube 12 of lamp 20.This can change beam shape.The minor alteration of light source (arc light in the arc-tube 12 of lamp 20) may cause tangible beam shape to change.

Based on the geometry of the element in this embodiment, arc-tube 12 whenever moves 2/3 degree on york piece 80, and (be moving of each degree of beam center, only need the amount of mobile reflector 2/3) once moved at the center of light beam.Multiplier factor (being 1.5 in this example) is found and is used for characterizing beam deviation.10 degree reflectors move the light beam that can obtain 15 degree and move.

This makes the overall dimensions of equipment to reduce, and can also obtain other benefit relevant with this relation.Also allow implementing one group of photometry (beam shape that when designing illuminator, is used to characterize equipment) for the reference position of given equipment 10.If not characterizing the correction angle, then may need the photometry of many groups is implemented in each lamp position of each equipment with known multiplier factor.This will be very expensive, high labour intensity and trouble.

Multiplier factor can be used to calculate any variation of lamp awl position from the reference position, to regulate the illumination specification.For example, if indication is arranged on light beam from downward 27 degree of level (having the difference of 3 degree with the reference position of 30 degree), then the workman knows that utilizing formula that lamp is set bores, for example: benchmark angle-[benchmark angle-beam deviation] * 0.67=equipment sighting angle, or [30 degree-[30 degree-3 degree] * 0.67=[3 degree * 0.67]=2 degree.Therefore, although light beam landing 3 degree, equipment 2 degree that only need tilt.

One group of photometry can be used for the light beam of software programming with the sign equipment, and described formula can be programmed with the position skew of compensation arc.This simple but gratifying accurate technology has been removed from may sighting angle and carry out photometry for every type light beam for each of equipment.

Be appreciated that practical application or structural restriction can cause the limited adjustment range of lamp awl 40 in perpendicular usually.Yet york piece 80 remains on constant relatively orientation with respect to the same datum plane with lamp, but only mobile slightly with respect to the reflector of lamp awl 40 and attaching thereof.This may cause changing from equipment the form of light beam.Yet this may be useful, and the designer has higher flexibility because it allows illumination.For example, if lamp awl 40 can for example, can not be surpassed 15 degree owing to can meet other structure by to adjusted, then beam deviation upwards is offset the extra minority several years in this embodiment.

9. shield 70

As being shown in Fig. 4, shield 70 can be attached to equipment 10.High total reflectivity material 72 is installed in its inboard or it is towards downside.Basically shield 70 is provided with the protective cover layer that is positioned on the highly reflective material that is carried from the outside.Figure 46-48 has shown two kinds of cardinal principle forms that shield 70 can be taked.

The size of the shield 70 of every kind of form is in fact greater than many existing shields, and increased the overall dimensions of equipment 10.Yet their shape is designed to compare actual reduction wind load about 40% with traditional equipment with structure.The length of shield 70, shape and edge are designed to improve the EPA of whole equipment 10.They are cheaply, and have excellent reflection efficiency.

Two kinds substantially the shield 70 of forms be shown among the figure (referring to, for example, short shield 70A among Fig. 5 A-B and the long shield 70B among Fig. 6 A-B).The two all originates in base portion shield section 240 (Figure 59 A), and it is attached to lens frame 230 by rivet, bolt or other device.Second or outer shield section, promptly short shield section 250 (Figure 60) or long shield section 260 (Figure 61) are attached to base portion shield 240 by rivet, bolt or other device.

Base portion shield section 240 is attached to lens frame 230 (glass lens 3 is housed).Figure 53,54 and 55 has shown the details of each several part that is used for lens frame 230 is locked to the lens frame clip 233 of reflector framework 30.Lens frame 230 (Figure 49) makes its peripheral openings be matched with reflector framework 30 basically.Base portion shield section 240 welding or be riveted in the groove 232 of lens frame 230 and by arm 234 is supported.Groove 236 is keeping glass lens 3.Groove 238 allows to be connected to reflector framework 30.Lens packing ring 231 makes glass lens 3 obtain buffering and sealing at groove 236.

Glass edge packing ring 237 is assemblied in the groove 239 of lens frame 230.Alignment finger 235 (Figure 51 A) passes the hole assembling in lens frame 230 and the reflector framework 30 under situation about aligning, to confirm the correct spin orientation of lens frame 230 on reflector framework 230.

The embedded part of extruding that is positioned at lens frame 230 outsides provides mounting flange for shield 70.Base portion shield section 240 and lens frame 230 and the reflector framework 30 when adorning thereon be (20 degree) at angle.Fastening device 242 (see Fig. 5 and 6, shown that fastening device 242 is in locking states, and Figure 53-55, shown some elements that constitute fastening device) allow the assembly of lens 34/ shield 70 is fastened on the reflector framework 30 in the detachable mounted mode.

As seen in Figure 47, the reflector insert of a plurality of high reflectances that are arranged side by side (for example, the reflection insert 252 among Figure 62 A-B) is riveted or otherwise is fastened on the reflector 250 of base portion shield section 240 and attaching.Perhaps, upside and following siding track 254 and 256 can be attached to nearside and distal position in the inboard of shield assembly 240/250, and the reflection shield is installed in respectively in groove 255 and 257, rivet then or bolt in place.One or more radial support support 258 (seeing Figure 66 A-C) can think that the reflection insert track 254 and 256 of upside and downside shield provides bigger rigidity by the back to preceding connection shield assembly 240 and 250.

The material of the reflection insert 252 on the shield 70 can be reflector insert 120 same types with aforementioned primary reflection surface 32.Perhaps, they can comprise planar reflective sheet material part, have the surface variation that is used to produce diffusion, to realize the mixing of light.For example, they can have facet or step (for example tip or spot).They can also have low reflectivity regions or areflexia rate zone, to stop simply or to absorb light (for example japanning form smooth black surface) (other details is please referring to the United States Patent (USP) 6036338 of this jade-like stone company of agate).

The special end reflections insert 253 that is shaped can be placed in the transverse edge (seeing Figure 63 A-C) of the two opposite sides of shield 70.End reflections insert 262 can be placed in the bottom side of long shield assembly 240/260 (seeing Figure 64 A-B).End inserts 263 is similar to end inserts 253, but is configured to be applicable to short shield 250/260 (seeing Figure 65 A-C).

The reflection insert can directly be attached to the bottom side of shield assembly 240/260.Perhaps, they can be attached to the upside of suitable configurations and following siding track for example on 254 and 256 (Figure 66-68), and the latter is attached to the bottom side of reflector 70.Under certain conditions, they can be the transition between the reflection insert.Figure 58 has shown transition clip 264, and Figure 67 has shown insert supporting bracket 268, and it can at first be attached to the bottom side of reflector 70, will reflect insert then and be installed on them.

The character that reflects the surface of insert 252,253 or 263 can be selected, mix and mate according to the ideal manipulation type of light.As seen in Figure 46 A, reflection embeds bar can have different in width, length and surface.As shown in the figure, some can not be level and smooth, and some can roughenings or otherwise change, thereby more dazzling or can diffused light.Insert also can be along their longitudinal axis stepization.

Shield 70 is used to simultaneously stop and guides light, the otherwise easy breakaway of this part light again.The highly reflective material of shield reflecting surface has reduced the light loss consumption and therefore provides more light to the target area, even can surpass the prior art shield with certain reflectivity.Compare with stopping simply or absorbing traditional shields most of or all light of injecting, significant light efficiency benefit is provided.

Other variation that is further appreciated that reflector 70 also is feasible.Some examples are shown in the U.S. Patent No. 5211473 of this jade-like stone company of agate.The shield of these types of enumerating can obtain from this jade-like stone company of agate, and they have the extensive stock title, comprise LEVEL8TM.They can provide the dazzle of various degree and the astigmatism control of overflowing.They can optionally add equipment 10 to.Some remodeling that show in the United States Patent (USP) 5211473 are used for significantly reducing dazzle and the astigmatism of overflowing.In them some comprise the grid that traverses shield.If the shield in present embodiment 70 uses, equipment 10 still can have good efficiency, and can not have the big like that light loss consumption of equipment (for example spinning aluminium reflector) of disclosed type in the United States Patent (USP) 5211473.Here will describe and show other remodeling.

The shape of shield 70 is designed to realize some functions, and at first, it is supporting high reflection insert by this way, can control overflow astigmatism and dazzle.The second, it is supporting the reflection insert by this way, can make the light loss consumption minimize, and can increase the light quantity that arrives target.The 3rd, its shape makes the projected area of shield and equipment minimize substantially, so that the wind drag coefficient is low.The 4th, its with relatively low cost and efficiently mode realized these functions.

Even the overall dimensions of equipment 10 is greater than some traditional similar equipment, its wind drag coefficient still can reduce about 40% or more.Overflowing astigmatism and dazzle can be by shield 70 control, but also can may adopted feature control (for example low initial output intensity, the side is offset, and highly controls the reflecting surface of radiation direction) by disclosed herein other.Can allow like this to adopt more cheap bar, thereby significantly reduce the overall fund cost of illuminator.The low intensity of the bar that sets up equipment that means of wind drag coefficient can be hanged down.

Even because the raising of the EPA of equipment causes dazzle and the astigmatism control of overflowing is not under the situation of problem, also can adopt shield 70, this can reduce the cost of bar.Utensil has excellent efficient and relatively low cost.This is particularly useful for the outdoor sport illumination.

Figure 59,56-58,61 and 46-48 shown how shield 70A constructs.Base portion shield (being made by smooth aluminum sheet) is attached to lens frame 230 (for example by screw or rivet) (seeing Figure 59).The sheet metal framework that is used to keep reflecting insert is formed (Figure 56 A-D).The reflection insert is installed in (Figure 57 A-D) on this framework.The sub-component of the insert/framework among Figure 57 A-D is attached to the base portion reflector (seeing Figure 58 A-D) among Figure 59.Aluminum sheet is extruded part (example is shown among Figure 61, is used for long shield) and is attached to the base portion reflector then, thereby finishes shield 70.

10. antireflection glass lens

Glass lens 34 comprises the anti-reflection coating that is positioned at both sides.These coatings are to be coated on thin-film sheet on glass.This ripple film can obtain from commercial channel miscellaneous.An example is Luxar

Anti-reflection coating can obtain from the McGrory Glass of Pennsylvania Aston.

The light that incides glass plate on average has 8% can not pass (each glass surface has 4% reflection loss).The anti-reflection layer of glass plate both sides can make dazzle minimize, and reflection of light loss is dropped to 0.5% but not 8%.

As a kind of alternative measure that is applied to film on glass, glass lens can be immersed in the solution, so that anti-reflection coating is deposited on both sides.This trends towards reducing cost, but light loss reduction degree may be not high.This technology can commercially obtain (for example North American Coating Laboratories (NACL) of Ohio Cleveland).

Other coating can be from the DenglasTechnologies of N.J. Moorestown, and LLC obtains, and is used to reduce the table reflection and the dazzle on two surfaces.Some coatings can be formed by sputter.Some can use the sponge obliterating, and are dry then, are polished again.

Another kind of possibility is to use low iron glass, and it can increase light through glass (" Solarphire for example ^TM", from the PPG company of U.S. Pittsburg).The light that absorbs in the glass is less.The glass of some such types has improved UV barrier property.

11. prevent venting

Loss source from the light of illuminating equipment 10 is the decomposition of material in the illuminating equipment 10.For instance, light (particularly UV light) can make some material breakdown, and makes its venting.Can reduce or minimize the venting in the illuminating equipment 10 in the following way:

(a) in factory, carry out the assembling of illuminating equipment 10.Even fingerprint also can stay residue, these residues can reduce the efficient (therefore losing light) of light reflection or light transmissive surfaces, perhaps in the course of work of lamp, cause venting (this can stay the residue that condenses on reflecting surface or lens, and therefore stops that light penetrates from illuminating equipment).Assemble carefully in factory and can avoid on internal reflection surface producing foul or fingerprint.After factory finishes the assembling of illuminating equipment 10, before transporting it into the infield, seal it off, this setter that can reduce sports ground causes the risk of venting.Setter does not need the inside or the handling lenses 34 of contact illumination equipment 10.They only need take out illuminating equipment 10 from cargo compartment, avoid contact lens 34, and illuminating equipment 10 is installed on the suitable knuckle plate on the transverse arm 7.

(b) hole in the sealed illuminated equipment.It is useful equally that the opening that leads to illuminating equipment inside is sealed (only staying the filter that is used to carry out air exchange).Example comprises that the opening (seeing Figure 26 A and E) that is arranged in lamp awl is located, the packing ring between lamp awl and the reflector framework between (seeing Figure 26), glass lens and the reflector framework.See Figure 49 A-E.Figure 49 A-E shows the lens packing ring 231 (seeing Figure 52 A-B) of U-shape cross section, and device can seal lens 3 better, and this is because the gamma-form far-end of packing ring 231 and the ansa of packing ring 231 inside bottom.Please note that also packing ring 231 rests in the groove in the lens frame 231.The relative wall portion that limits groove extends far above packing ring 231.Packing ring 231 extends round the whole periphery of lens 3.The wall portion of the groove that it leans on also is like this.Therefore, they " cover " or prevent that a lot of direct UV light from inciding packing ring 231 to produce the potential possibility of venting.In addition, Figure 49 A-E has shown that lens frame packing ring 237 rests in the groove of lens frame 230 extensions.Packing ring 237 can be the O type ring 237 shown in Figure 50 A-D.Note that it also rests in the groove that opposed wall portion limits.Be appreciated that O type ring 237 is compressed when lens frame 230 rests on the shoulder of the periphery of the opening of reflector framework 30.The described shoulder that is designed to and rests in the reflector framework 40 by the distal side edge 227,228 of 237 grooves that lean on 239 of O type ring has metal and Metal Contact.Not only therefore O type ring 237 is covered from any direct UV light, metal and Metal Contact between the edge 227,228 of lens frame 230 and the continuous shoulder of solid metal reflector framework 30 can obtain such benefit, the big surf zone that is reflector framework 30 is as radiator, to reduce heat, exit thereby stop once more around packing ring 237.

(c) hiding questionable material makes it not be exposed to light.For instance; lens frame packing ring 237 is sealed in lens frame or lens-mount 230 on the reflector framework 30; lens packing ring 231 is sealed in lens on the lens frame 230; and for recessed or be placed under the guard circle and stash, so that it is not exposed to major part (if non-all) direct light (particularly UV light).

(d) use the material of not exitting.An example is teflon Teflon ^TMCentring ring 112.

(e) UV light is minimized.

(f) opening that only is used for air exchange in reflector framework 30 inside uses and contains carbon filter (Figure 14).If constant clean air venting still less then can occur by illuminating equipment 10.The opening that is provided with for filter (not expecting that by filtering the material of material constitutes) can be positioned on the periphery of reflector framework 30, and is less relatively, and directly is not exposed to light basically.

Have been found that this modification can significantly reduce the venting material in the lens inside of illuminating equipment and condensing of reflecting surface, this light that makes illuminating equipment 10 easily that condenses produces loss.So the minimizing venting will reduce the light loss along with the time, reduce maintenance capacity, reduce the energy input quantity, and may prolong the service life of lamp doublely.

Importantly has " cleaning " optical system.Even also may there be venting in the legacy device of this illuminating equipment.Silicone gasket, plastic components even glue also may be exitted.If illuminating equipment sealed, and take above-mentioned steps before being transported to the infield, can reducing venting significantly so.Setter may not can cause the problem of venting or minimizing light by the inside of operation illuminating equipment 10.

In addition, in the factory-assembled process, the cover protection reflection insert peeled off on the highly reflective reflection insert 120 makes residue can not occur that on reflecting surface this residue may stop light or venting subsequently.

The another kind of optional method of attempting to reduce light loss is to stop dust or foul or other material or particle to accumulate on the lens.Similar Rain-X

The commercial product of (the Sopus Products of the Houston of Texas) can be applied on the lens 34 with thin layer form, to reduce the accumulation of dust and foul.At more commercial films that can obtain to have identical function.Commercially can obtain other hydrophobic coating or or coating.

Reduce dust and foul and the light loss of illuminating equipment 10 can be reduced several percentage points, and therefore be increased in the light that shines the place under the situation of using identical energy.Stop material to be attached to and on glassly will reduce this material or the caused reflection of particle.This reflection is actually uncontrollable, therefore can cause dazzle.

Said structure and step can advantageously combine with making the minimized manufacturing technology of venting.For instance, assembling illuminating equipment 10 in the environment of plant of control rationally, but not assemble in the place of illuminator (" building " environment), can reduce the foul, impurity and other material that adhere to or enter illuminating equipment 10 so significantly.Compare with the outdoor environment at the place, building place of building the outdoor sport illuminator, the environment of plant slightly approaches " clean room (clean room) ".Can train the workman when the element of assembling illuminating equipment, to carry out careful operation, to avoid foreign matter attached on internal part or the surface.Even fingerprint or stain also may influence reflecting surface unfriendly.Greatly reduce the possibility that pollutes and to the Effect on Performance of illuminating equipment 10.These steps have been eliminated much may disadvantageous changing factor to the performance of illuminating equipment 10.

The workman can assemble illuminating equipment 10 and seal its inside in factory.The recessed packing ring and the use of other material, avoid the deterioration of optical system with assembling process and environment, optical system may be exitted or absorption or reverberation (and therefore loss shines the light of object space or produces dazzle or the astigmatism of overflowing) in uncontrolled mode.Give the workman with this manufacture professor easily, and between each illuminating equipment, realize reproduction easily.Therefore, has the conforming high performance reproducibility of realization.Also allow the assembling workman to carry out complicated combination in addition, and the workman needn't have complicated knowledge aspect how acting in element and feature.Can reduce labour cost like this.

Previously described another feature is that the lens packing ring can have the metal-metal contact, thus from its heat radiation (its bigger surface of using the reflector framework is as radiator), and stopping that light arrives the lens packing ring, the irradiation of heat and light all can cause venting.Be exposed to the also complete thermal insulation of illumination with the lens packing ring and compare, can realize that significant temperature reduces.Example be the metal frame that makes the supporting glass lens with the solid metal reflector framework between carry out metal-metal and contact.Between glass lens and lens frame, can use relatively thin packing ring, but the metal-metal contact can utilize the bigger surface of reflector framework outwards to conduct heat as radiator from glass lens.

Be higher than in the baking oven of its normal working temperature by die casting reflector framework being put into temperature (for example, Fahrenheit 450 degree), can before assembling illuminating equipment 10, make the venting of reflector framework.

12. the higher element of linear response device formula ballast/electrical efficiency

Linear response device formula ballast (linear reactor ballast) is used for to equipment 10 supply electric energy.This linear response device formula ballast can commercial obtain, and compares with traditional ballast and to have higher electrical efficiency.For the energy of the same magnitude of using, they can produce the light that increases a few percent from lamp 20.The pending application No.10/785867 of this jade-like stone company of agate has described an example.

As an alternative or additional, the element that is used for electric energy is sent to the lamp 20 of equipment 10 can provide more electric energy to lamp 20.For example, the high magnetic permeability steel that is used for ballast is developed out, and being used for provides more high power to arc lamp 20 under the situation of the energy of the same magnitude of using.

13.SMART LAMP ^TMCircuit

The circuit of type described in the pending application No.10/785867, the marketing name SMART LAMP of this jade-like stone company of agate ^TM, be added to handle the lamp 20 of equipment 10.As apply for described in the No.10/785867, can be in the working life of lamp remarkable conserve energy.Can also prolong the life-span of lamp.Although can add some extra costs to equipment 10, can regain by energy saving.About SMART LAMP ^TMDetails describe to some extent at No.10/785867, and be incorporated into this by reference.SMARTLAMP ^TMCircuit applies low-power in the operating period of lamp 20 to it.This situation that coexists operation under the high power is compared, and the energy of consumption still less.Along with lamp is aging, luminous flux attenuation causes the luminous flux output of lamp to reduce.SMART LAMP ^TMCircuit can switch to bigger electric capacity with circuit for lamp in the selected time, with the power (and therefore improving luminous flux output) that improves lamp, with the reply luminous flux attenuation.If power keeps below conventional value (hundreds of even several thousand hours) in long-time, energy saving can accumulate, and can surpass circuit cost.Have the look-ahead peak values ballast of a plurality of exits or the switchable capacitors that autotransformer can be used for this purpose.Alternative comprises linear response device formula transformer, as previously mentioned.Other method also is feasible.

A kind of selection is to allow manual this feature of selecting.The switch that can select by hand can have " full power " and " energy saving " position; The latter SMART LAMP energy saving circuit operation lamp, the former is switched out by SMART LAMP energy saving circuit.Like this, the user can select in energy saving with between the pattern of the more light of equipment output.

In addition, be appreciated that existing illuminator can be gone up the SMARTLAMP circuit to realize energy saving and long lamp life-span by repacking.Old capacitor can be replaced new, and SMART LAMP circuit only need be plugged in the ballast case.The cost that increases can be regained by energy saving.

In addition, most of cost of replacing lamp is artificial and equipment cost.The cost of lamp is be $30 to $60.The cost of artificial and equipment (for example rent lift is raised the workman so that change lamp) may be about each Deng $120 of replacing.If the life-span of lamp is extended, may double at least, at least once to change the expense of lamp and can be saved, this just makes reequips SMART LAMP ^TMCircuit is additionally economical.Other notion comprises, for conventional fixtures and circuit for lamp, reequips SMART LAMP on whole new equipment 10 ^TMCircuit.The cost of present whole equipment 10 is in the scope of about $300.Relatively fast and be installed to knuckle plate 60 on the old transverse arm easily and connect the knuckle 50 of new equipment 10.The aiming scheme is left lighting installation (by the owner of illuminator, its manufacturer, or installation merchant) usually for.In order to reequip, the capacitor of old equipment is removed from the ballast case, and new capacitor band SMART LAMP ^TMCircuit is loaded into.Because the lamp 20 of the transformation in the new equipment 10 is by SMART LAMP ^TMCircuit and with low-power operation, therefore new equipment may need to aim at again.But this cost, and the cost of changing equipment, be recoverable to, this be because: (a) the light increase of each equipment 10 causes required total equipment quantity to reduce probably, (b) energy input reduce that peripheral benefit, the energy service efficiency bring are higher, the astigmatism of overflowing and dazzle still less, so energy saving and lamp are changed number of times and are reduced.

Perhaps, the repacking project can stay the equipment of equal number, but is operating down at the power that reduces (1500 watts to 1000 watts).Taking out singly and changing to need different capacitors and SMART LAMP circuit, and can be more more cheap than equipment all being replaced by new equipment 10.This situation may not need to aim at again, but will operate more equipment.

The additional benefits of this this feature of SMART LAMP is significantly to reduce dazzle in most of application scenarios and the astigmatism of overflowing.Utilize this feature, from the light that each equipment 10 sends at first less (for example about 30%).Therefore; if two equipment have roughly the same light illumination mode with respect to the target area; the equipment that then has a SMART LAMP feature reduces the stage with comparing of this feature not at initial power and can produce usually and reduce other dazzle of level and the astigmatism of overflowing, and this is because the luminous energy of its output is less.Because SMART LAMP keeps the light output of same levels usually in the working life of lamp, therefore,, then mean initial significantly reduce overflow astigmatism and dazzle in initial light output if 0.7 times the multiplier factor that reduces is used.Legacy system may have many about 50 to 60% excessive astigmatism and dazzle during this period.This additional benefit of bringing is that the electric power that uses in this time still less.

This may be an important thing, particularly near neighbours or be arranged in the illuminator in city.This may be a kind of environmental problem.Some about the rules of the dazzle and the astigmatism of overflowing or regulations of rules the specular level at place, adjacent architectural boundary line.These restrictions may just come into force when illuminator is connected.Therefore; legacy system with initial high light output (and initial higher excessive astigmatism and dazzle) may need to add more and expensive excessive astigmatism and dazzle to equipment and prevent equipment, but causes after those lamps have experienced between the initial luminous flux degradation period light levels deficiency to the place through regular meeting like this.Therefore, those systems usually must be to illuminator more illuminating equipments of packing into, and this can cause system cost to increase.Even may need increasing expensive lamp stand to carry extra equipment, this is the cost that increases in addition.

Therefore, this SMART LAMP feature can provide dazzle and the benefit of the astigmatic aspect of overflowing, and energy optimization and light output intent option and benefit.System designer can be handled different option balances with the terminal use.SMART LAMP can be different needs and purpose and programmes and construct.Can produce different performance options.For example, can produce the light output of certain limit.Can produce different-energy and save program.Designer and the factor that the terminal use can select and balance is different, and at the different benefit of each application formulation.

Can see that the benefit that the terminal use obtains is to reduce the equipment sum of illuminator.Lower initial overflow astigmatism and dazzle, but keep light level in working life, can realize using equipment still less to illuminate the place.This can reduce fund cost, normally running cost.Owing to need still less bar or more cheap bar to set up the equipment that sum reduces, therefore can further reduce cost.

C. assemble and use

In fact, will be used in the sports lighting fixtures that customizes into the special exercise field such as one group of above-mentioned illuminating equipment 10.Illumination specification (generally include the light quantity and the minimum uniformity, comprise dazzle, the astigmatism of overflowing and halation restriction sometimes) is normally ready or known.It is well known in the art that computer software can design illuminator, comprise in order to satisfy the illumination needed light beam of specification and the type of beam shape, the number and the position of illuminating equipment.Computer software can produce report to describe for the number of the illuminating equipment that satisfies design, the position of bar, the type and the sighting angle of light beam.

As mentioned above, illuminating equipment 10 can be used for the multiple light beam and the beam shape commonly used of sports lighting through assembling with generation.Utilize above-mentioned report, can be at one group of illuminating equipment 10 of the pre-assembling of factory.The assembling workman can find out the required suitable reflector framework 30 that is used for every kind of light beam type in the report from the stock.Only about half of reflector framework will comprise side Offset portion 109 (and wherein only about half of be divided into left avertence move with right avertence move).Equally, the position of the illuminating equipment that can point out according to report and function are found out suitable reflection insert 120,

shield

70A or 70B and the shield reflection insert 72 that is used for each illuminating equipment from the stock.

The assembling workman is installed in suitable reflection insert 120 on the pin of each reflector framework 30, and suitable shield reflection bar 72 is installed on the shield 70 of each illuminating equipment 10 (, can at first mounting bar or support be fixed on the shield 70) according to the precision architecture of shield 70.The glass lens 3 that has anti-reflection coating on the both sides of installing is assembled in the lens frame 230 that links to each other with shield 70.

The Z-lamp of suitable wattage ^TMLamp 20 screws in the socket 154 of each illuminating equipment 10, and aligns by the method for pin and groove and/or by calibration tank, to such an extent as to suitably align with respect to reflector framework 30 in the plane that is limited by the longitudinal axis of the longitudinal axis of arc-tube 12 and lamp 20.

Other parts (comprising above-mentioned specifically described those parts) are assembled, assembling with each illuminating equipment 10 of finishing given illuminator, comprise that the assembly with lens 54 and shield 70 is locked on the reflector framework 30, and the whole holes of sealing except that the appointment opening that is used to place filter.The assembling workman takes adequate measures to be attached to or to be positioned at the inside of reflector framework 30 to avoid any foreign substance after lens 54 and shield 70 are installed on the reflector framework 30 hermetically.This comprises the disengaging sheet material protective cover on the high reflectance insert that divests reflector framework 30 and shield 70.

The bar that illuminating equipment 10 and top is provided with pre-assembled transverse arm 7 is transported to the place that will throw light on aiming figure, and how illuminating equipment that aiming illustrates each pre-design aims at respect to the place.Whole system can be assembled in advance in factory basically, just (referring to the U.S. Patent No. 5600537 of this jade-like stone company of agate, the content of this patent are incorporated into this by reference) such as the pedestal of bar and bar, transverse arm, illuminating equipment, distribution, ballast boxes.This pre-assembled system can be from this jade-like stone company of agate with trade name LightStructure ^TMObtain.

In ground level, knuckle plate 60 is attached to transverse arm 7, and suitable equipment 10 is attached to suitable knuckle plate 60 (be connected to the default distribution of transverse arm 7 at the distribution that is used for this equipment after) by knuckle 50.(with bar as datum mark, as described later), the knuckle of each equipment 10 is conditioned to be matched with the specified aiming of this equipment 10 according to the aiming scheme.In case realize aiming, interior outside knuckle fastener and knuckle backstop fastener are promptly in place by bolt, thereby determine the correct homing position of equipment.Equipment 10 will cause the wing drop factor correcting motion of the york piece 80 of lamp 20 with respect to reference position any pivot up or down of arc-tube 12.

SMART LAMP with linear response device formula ballast ^TMCircuit is set at or is installed in the corresponding ballast case of each bar 5 by suitable capacitor.The timer of each circuit is set up.

Bar is vertically set up.Be connected to corresponding ballast case on each bar from the electric energy of switch board.

After illuminator was switched on, it was incited somebody to action:

A. begin SMART LAMP for each lamp ^TMOperation sequence, this meeting conserve energy prolongs the lamp life-span, and the replacing of prolonging lamp in the whole life-span.

B. for operating energy from the specified rate of controller switching equipment:

I. because total obliquity factor is proofreaied and correct, do not have the oxide white coating, the light pond of lamp 20 increases, so the higher luminous flux of each equipment generation, and because linear response device formula ballast, so the energy loss between controller switching equipment and the lamp reduces;

Ii. in the reflecting surface of high reflectance, antireflection lens 54, and the venting that reduces can produce more light output by equipment 10;

Iii. owing to implement accurately control, it may be reflecting surface by high reflectance, the less convergence portion in the bottom of the primary reflection surface of each equipment 10, the side skew of the less convergence portion of primary reflection surface is only about half of for equipment 10, therefore the shield reflecting surface of high reflectance can throw in more light to the place.

As significantly improving from the light quantity of equipment 10 and the result of photocontrol, illuminator can be designed to be used in less equipment, and this needs still less or more cheap bar.Final installation system is than the system with spinning aluminium reflector more durable (particularly because the reflector framework 30 of die casting), lower wind load (particularly because shield 70) is provided, and saves a large amount of energy in long-time (particularly because SMART LAMP ^TMTechnology).This trends towards keeping better light level in long-time, and increases the lamp life-span.

Equipment 10 separately and the accumulative total benefit

Following table 1 has been enumerated and has been adopted aforementioned feature of the present invention and the obtainable potential income in aspect, and content has contained certain hypothesis and the clear and definite details of needs in the table.

Table 1

The comment project	Income	Effect
The comment project	Income	Effect	1	New light flux	ABC
2	Total obliquity factor is proofreaied and correct new-type lamp	ABC	1	New light flux	ABC
2		ABC	3	Benchmark	ABC
4	Again Yin Dao light outside the venue	ABC	3	Benchmark	ABC
4	Again Yin Dao light outside the venue	ABC	5	The reflection shield	ABC
6	Antireflection glass	ABC	5	The reflection shield	ABC
6	Antireflection glass	ABC	7	Linear response device formula ballast	ABC
8	SMART LAMP ^TM	AD	7	Linear response device formula ballast	ABC

The comment project:

1. the sighting angle based on statistics calculates.

2. easy correct tilt factor upwards aims at extremely about 60 from 5 degree and spends aiming downwards.

3. the aluminium insert of silver coating has the reflectivity than reinforced aluminium insert 120 high about 3% probably, but may need a system to cool off the heat that silver (for example will cool off blows air over) exists with reduction.

4. 60 of side degree sections are used.

5. measure income by the photometer acquisition of operation video and with uncoated arc-tube.Shield comprises 95% reflecting material.

6. has other lower selection of cost.

7. be easy to as SMART LAMP ^TMThe part of scheme.Along with lamp is aging, power loss requires to change exit, if wish the luminous flux attenuation of reply lamp.

8. can not improve light level or reduce the equipment sum, but in the life-span of lamp conserve energy.The lamp life-span is doubled.

^*A. reduce energy usage.

B. reduce the equipment sum.

C. reduce the totle drilling cost of field lighting.

D. increase the totle drilling cost of field lighting.Can regain the cost of increase by reducing energy usage.

Each energy reduces multiplier factor and gives relatively with the recruitment of luminous flux or the reduction amount of energy consumption respectively.Can see that all cited methods estimate to make possibly at present each equipment interpolation $73.00 to realize in the use table 1.Yet in the life-span, energy saving is 45% or more, can regain this cost at least in part in the operate as normal of lamp 20.For identical energy input, more light energy saving 45% can provide 60% in the working life of lamp about.Also fully reduce EPA probably, to reduce the wind load on each equipment.This just allows littler and/or more cheap bar.

In addition, following table 2 has compared present sports lighting facility with 100 equipment of this jade-like stone company of agate and technology according to each side of the present invention described herein.According to estimates, the equipment quantity the light of the increase of sending from equipment 10 can be used this typical motion illumination reduce to 63 from 100 on average.Even the hardware cost of these equipment is constant, based on setting up in the table 2, cost of energy saving and lamp are changed to save and can be caused consumer's net profit net profit $87000.This means about 30% saving, this is very significant, particularly for the consumer of the type that needs sports lighting fixtures usually.

Table 2

Equipment	Quantity	Price	Energy consumption cost ^*	The lamp replacement cost ^**	Amount to
Equipment	Quantity	Price	Energy consumption cost ^*	The lamp replacement cost ^**	Amount to	The SC2 of this jade-like stone company of agate ^TM	100	$120K	$120K	$36K	$276K
New-type equipment	63	$120K	$67K	$8K	$195K	The SC2 of this jade-like stone company of agate ^TM	100	$120K	$120K	$36K	$276K
New-type equipment	63	$120K	$67K	$8K	$195K						Save $87K ^***

Cost:

SC2 ^TM×100×$300＝$30K

New-type equipment * 63 × $373=$23.5K

The equipment cost of $6.5K reduces

Average bar cost savings: $IK

$7.5K amounts to

^*0.075 divide/kilowatt-hour * 1.6 kilowatt-hours * 10000 hours=$1200/ equipment

^*New-type equipment=SC2 ^TM@ * 0.625=63 equipment

^*New-type equipment=1200/ equipment * 63 * 0.87 (SMART LAMP multiplier factor)=$67K

^*Lamp is changed @$120/ lamp, 8C2 ^TMNeed 3 replacings, new equipment needs 1 replacing.

The technology that is appreciated that the front can be implemented in mode miscellaneous.In addition, in the previously described technology option any one or each do not need to use together.As pointing out, some options were proposed separately in formerly the working of this jade-like stone company of agate.Yet, use one or more described technical step can the cumlative energy saving in time in whole operation, this is significant for the operator, and on minimum level for the energy of whole world saving based on fossil, this energy consumption and will change into based on the energy of fossil electric energy for environment influence two aspect all be significant.

By using two or more said method steps, these advantages can obtain combination.By using the great majority or all in them, can be significantly improved.For example in 30 year operating period of illuminator, use previously described equipment and method, suppose operation in annual 300 hours, the expense that therefore 10000 total hours run numbers, and supposition do not have kilowatt-hour is

Divide, each lamp is changed the expense expense $120 of (can avoid), only uses SMART LAMP technology itself, just can cause the saving of cause $800/ equipment.It is significant that this budget manufacturing cost with $300/ equipment is compared.

The equipment of describing in detail previously 10 is just according to typical equipments of the present invention, and its operation can reduce the energy consumption of each equipment, reduces the equipment sum of most of sports lighting fixtures, and reduces the totle drilling cost of field lighting.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the remarkable improvement that multinomial feature is combined in the property quality and quantity of the light that can realize being applied to the target area in the equipment 10.Yet these features have advantage separately separately.If necessary, the designer can adopt one or several above-mentioned features.

2. the benefit of equipment 10 and operation thereof is summed up

A) obtain new light flux by reducing obliquity factor

Confirm,, can realize extra luminous flux output by in lamp 20 operations, keeping arc-tube 12 levels.

A kind of lamp 20 of form makes its arc tube axis 26 depart from fixed amount (for example 30 degree) from lamp axes 28.This is the common sighting angle of sports lighting fixtures.Yet, as previously mentioned, seldom make all equipment in place horizontal plane below 30 degree that all finally take accurate aim.Such as in the United States Patent (USP) 5856721 discussion, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that lamp 20 reduces the value of obliquity factor at least in conventional sports lighting sighting angle, this be because its in conventional sports lighting angle than conventional lights more near level.Therefore, in most of the cases,, can in the whole life-span of lamp, obtain the clean raising of luminous flux output for given energy input.

Also have alternate manner to regulate relation between the axis of sighting of arc-tube 12 and reflector surface 32.Can be referring to the United States Patent (USP) 5161883 of this jade-like stone company of agate, it is incorporated into this by reference.Here, equipment 10 is included in the interior arc-tube automatic horizontal correction of conventional sighting angle scope of equipment.The lamp position in conventional motion illumination sighting angle at the certain limit of lamp awl (for example with respect to level upwards 5 degree to downward 60 degree) limited independently with respect to the lamp awl.This automatically total obliquity factor correction feature has been eliminated the luminous flux attenuation that causes because of obliquity factor.Following attendant advantages also is provided, and promptly the HID lamp of single type is used for great majority-if not whole words-equipment, even many equipment will aim at different angles with respect to the target place for given lighting use.

Must take measures to guarantee that the arc-tube 12 of lamp 20 terminates in certain spin orientation, thereby the longitudinal axis of arc-tube 12 in operation and the longitudinal axis of arc lamp 20 are positioned at perpendicular.This requires Z-Lamp ^TMCorrect spin orientation is in its lamp socket.This can finish by hand.Perhaps, can help to guarantee this point (referring to the United States Patent (USP) 5161883 of this jade-like stone company of agate, disclose the pin of the base portion that is positioned at lamp 20, it is assemblied in the helicla flute in the lamp socket 154, aligns with the rotation of determining lamp 20) with one or more structure.In pin/groove configuration inaccuracy or exist under the situation of other dislocation, equipment 10 comprises these supplementary features of calibration tank that are arranged in york piece 80.

B) the new light flux that obtains by the end coating of removing traditional arc-tube

Found if arc-tube can be in level or near the position operation of level, then can be positioned at the conventional white oxide coating on the arc-tube opposite end and increase the luminous flux output that improves the HID lamp in sodium-scandium salts pond by omission, be at least in its a part of working life.Expection can increase luminous flux output.

Traditionally, such oxide white coating is used to attempt to keep the end of arc-tube to be heated, and to prevent the low temperature position, this low temperature position may cause the chemical substance precipitation and reduce luminous flux output.Found that they can be eliminated, and the HID lamp can reduce the luminous flux attenuation of lamp at the back segment of its working life.Here use and word well known in the art " luminous flux attenuation of lamp " is meant, along with the accumulation of hours worked of HID lamp, luminous flux output can be lost.(normally first of lamp work is about 100 hours) began to have remarkable result afterwards during the luminous flux attenuation that reduces of the arc-tube 12 of remodeling was found in initial luminous flux attenuation fast.Therefore, only, just can produce extra luminous flux at identical input energy by eliminating the oxide white coating and increasing the salt pond.Yet, also find to remove coating and can cause more violent and obliquity factor fast.Here use and word well known in the art " obliquity factor " is meant, when certain HID lamp (comprising metal halide) is removing vertically or during other position operation the level, the loss that luminous flux is exported.Therefore, arc-tube 12 levels operations can be avoided owing to obliquity factor increases any light efficiency benefit deviation that causes.

C) the new light flux that obtains by the chemical substance that changes traditional arc-tube

In long-time, along with the lamp of these types is aging, some salt migrations are by the quartz of arc-tube, particularly when higher temperature.Some chemical substances corrode quartzy and loss.This may reduce luminous flux output or influence the arc-tube performance and shorten its life-span.

Find,, can keep luminous flux output higher (in a lot of hours workeds of lamp, reducing luminous flux attenuation) at least by producing bigger " salt pond ".In addition, the whole nation makes arc lamp in horizontal level work, it can not heat any one end (thereby can stop chemical substance to precipitate at low warm spot, this precipitation may chock tube and stopped available light), and it is believed that can reduce salt passes quartzy migrating or salt corrosion or loss.In addition, found not only can in the lamp operation, improve luminous flux output, and lamp also will more worked under the low temperature.This has reduced because of chemical substance separates out the possibility of the lamp failure that causes by the quartz of arc-tube 12, and this possibility is also higher under higher temperature.This also helps to realize the long-life of arc lamp.The correct mixing of the light frequency by sports lighting, the aesthstic performance of lamp also is modified, and keeps at least.

Change chemical substance, eliminate the coating of arc-tube end, and levels operation, these put together the performance (efficient of lamp and aesthstic performance) that can improve lamp 20, increase the luminous flux of lamp, and prolong the life-span of lamp.This bigger " salt pond " it is believed that and can help to increase luminous flux output, be at least during some in the lamp working life in.

Can believe that above-described change lamp chemical substance can make any HID lamp more effective, be to increase the salt pond can be applicable to the halid chemical functional of different conventional metals effectively at least.

D) reduce the loss of light at reflecting surface

Utilize the highly reflective reflecting surface of (surpassing 95% total reflectivity), can under the situation of identical energy consumption, produce the light that more can be used on target.Equipment 10 uses highly reflective material at the primary reflection surface 32 of main reflector framework 30 and the bottom side of reflector extension or shield 70.

Find, use the very primary reflection surface of high reflectance, can obtain more available light.High reflectance is infeasible for spinning aluminium reflector.

Highly reflective material not only can reduce the light loss of reflecting surface, and it can also delicate and importantly add the benefit that allows very accurately to control light.Can as the spinning reflector, not exist " blur " or " distortion " (because it can not obtain the height accurate surface).This causes more light to arrive the target area.Uniformity between this also fair equipment.If the light beam type is " type 4 " (for example known in the art), then the light beam type all is type 4 from the equipment to the equipment.As a comparison, owing to be difficult to keep consistency, the desired type 4 of spinning aluminium may end at other type except that type 4.

As a comparison, the reflectivity of spinning aluminium reflector or reflectance are about 80%.The surface can not obtain high reflectance by spinning.In addition, the anodic oxidation meeting reduces reflectivity.The chemical substance that is used for bathing in a common bathing pool and spinning process also can produce different results from the reflector to the reflector." distortion " problem also is the problem that processing technology is brought.Although polishing can be helpful, can not eliminate these problems, and can produce their manufacturing significant cost and time.

Therefore, highly reflective material can be by reducing the energy efficiency that light loss that other reflecting surface may occur improves equipment 10.For the electric energy of identical input, can obtain more light in target.

In addition, the reflecting surface of high precision has extra benefit.The striated surface of spinning reflector or deviation may cause being difficult to control distortion, and can cause color separation.This may influence the aesthetic appearance (promptly can not produce beautiful white light) of equipment.

About the details of the material of these types and their performance, can see the United States Patent (USP) 6036338 of this jade-like stone company of agate, it is incorporated into this by reference.Material can constitute one or plurality of sections and being carried on the reflector framework 30.Perhaps, it can be made into bar and be carried by reflector framework 30.This example and their option are described in United States Patent (USP) 6036338.

For the primary reflection surface 32 described same cause of front, add the unusual material of high reflectance (for example 95%) to the bottom side of shield 70 and be found the available light quantity that improves the place under can situation at the energy of identical specified rate at reflector framework 30.These shields comprise structure and the profile made from relatively low cost, and do not enlarge markedly effective projected area (" EPA ").They form the continuous part of main reflector basically.They can obtain benefit aspect the light in place shining, and also reduce overflow astigmatism and dazzle simultaneously.

E) by using the antireflection glass lens to reduce light loss

Glass lens 34 has 4% light loss on each surface, as known in the art.The light of this loss that can not be used for the place originally is now owing to this glass becomes available.

This problem in the equipment of other type is attempted to solve by this jade-like stone company of agate.Referring to U.S. Patent No. 5816691, wherein in dissimilar reflectors, find to help to reduce this light loss with respect to the incident angle of glass front by changing light.

Yet a kind of alternative measure of this embodiment is to change glass to reduce or eliminate light loss.The film of dip-coating or the sheet material that applies are added to glass lens.These antireflection options are found, if be applied in the both sides of lens, then can eliminate the light loss of modified glass, so that more available light arrive target area or place.

Be applied to film on glass generally relatively costly (Li Ru $14-$48, and every Jin $2 of glass lens).What so apply may not be high durability, when particularly being applied to the lens outside.Yet it can make and produce high temperature in such HID equipment, and reduces each surperficial reflection loss that it applies, and promptly is reduced to 0.25% to 0.5% from about 4%.Even be provided with non-reflective coatings, also has reflection loss, particularly along with the incident angle of light increases (each surface even may up to 2% loss).But anti-reflection coating still can reduce light loss.If this can bring into play comprehensive effect long-time and/or be used in combination with the further feature of equipment 10.Anti-reflection coating can only be arranged on a side of lens, and produces the benefit of supplying some light to length more.Yet setting trends towards making this benefit to double in both sides.

A kind of more cheap method is that glass is immersed in the nonreflective coatings.This mode is effective unlike applying the film coating sheet material, but still certain improvement is provided.

F) the low convergence bottom of the primary reflector surface by being used for again the light in guide deviations place increases the light that shines target

Find that the low convergence of equipment 10, high reflectance bottom can use the electric energy of same magnitude to improve the light quantity that shines the place.

Be appreciated that when equipment 10 to be in the operating position and during, may point to more precipitous angle and definite object zone from the low convergence light of reflector lower semisphere from the angled downward aiming of rising transverse arm.Otherwise, will more flatly be throwed and be departed from or the wide zone from this part light of equipment.

G) the low convergence lateral parts of the primary reflector surface by some equipment again the ambient light in guide deviations place increase the light that shines target

Found need carry out the side skew up to the equipment that is used for the typical motion lighting installation of half.According to estimates, owing to leave the side of place or the target astigmatism of overflowing, have a large amount of light and lose from whole equipment of system.Therefore, if the skew of suitable side is used to the equipment of half, the then only about half of according to estimates light that will lose originally can be added gets back to the place, and energy input does not increase.

These costs from the dislocation measure of the roughly convoluted surface side skew of the remainder of reflector framework 32 are minimized, and this is owing to framework 32 is die castings.As shown in each figure, the reflector framework 32 of three kinds of general types can be cast, and one of them only has the low convergence part of downside, and one has right side skew and the low convergence part of downside, and one has left side skew and the low convergence part of downside.Based on the prior information about the athletic ground, the quantity of every kind of form can be selected, so that depart from optimization, luminous energy promptly as much as possible is from departing from the place to returning the place.

An example is as described below.Be arranged on the bar of Figure 1A leftmost side and roughly thereby the light that equipment sent of 5 bight, lower right side aiming shines its distally easily and is reflected and leaves figure place paper towards the place.Reflector framework 30 of the present invention can be designed in advance, so that support primary reflection surface 32 in this side, so that the astigmatism of overflowing is displaced on the place.

For any equipment on the most close right-hand rod among Figure 1A, it points to light at the nearly angle, left side in place, reflector framework 30 can be redefined for the distally of the reflector that overturns in the following manner, and promptly the light of this part of directive is guided towards the place, and can not leave the paper at place, place.

H) increase the light that shines target by the reflection of light shield that is used for again the guide deviations place

The known shield that looses of overflowing from the place is different with stoping, and the reflecting surface 72 of the high reflectance of the reflector 70 of equipment 10 almost there not to be the mode of light loss, guides to the place again with this light.It is consuming under the situation of identical energy, with the illumination of the amount that increases to the place.In addition, the efficient of highly reflective material allows more accurate control light, better light being radiated on the target, but not departs from objectives.This also helps to reduce dazzle.

I) utilize the high efficiency ballast to reduce energy loss between power supply unit and the arc lamp

Utilization can improve the electrical equipment of electric energy value between power supply unit and the lamp 20, is the another kind of optional mode that improves luminous flux output, and therefore can supplies with more light to the place with the energy input of given initial value.

As previously described, if the electric energy of lamp work can just can be improved the luminous flux output valve of lamp for the energy input of specified rate, and therefore more light is sent to the place more efficiently from power delivery.Relevant example comprises use linear response device formula ballast.Utilize the conventional choke device, power coefficient is wasted, particularly when starting lamp.Linear response device formula ballast provides higher energy efficiency.This can utilize from the electric energy of controller switching equipment acquisition and supply more electric energy to lamp, thereby improves the whole cumulative efficiency of equipment 10.This makes increases useful light quantity under the energy input of same amount.

As an alternative or additional, the amount that increases wire size and/or increase the steel that hold ballast of equipment 10 can reduce resistance, and therefore reduces the power loss of electric energy when lamp 20 transmission.Even these steps also can make the available horsepower of supplying with the HID lamp improve about 50 watts.This electric energy consumption for specified rate is used and may be caused extra available light to arrive the place.

3. under the situation that does not increase electric energy, increase the light that total expection arrives target

The whole bag of tricks of introducing previously integrates and can cause, compare with such traditional lighting equipment, the available light that illuminating equipment 10 is supplied with places increase by 60% or more than.Just can produce the benefit that increases although found each method previously discussed oneself, comprehensively these steps can produce the extra available light of significant quantity for the energy of same magnitude to the place.In addition, this increase only continues in the whole working life of equipment.Therefore, for realizing that given light level needs equipment still less.Therefore, not only need energy still less to provide certain light level to given place, and benefit is continual in any one time.In addition, importantly, benefit is to accumulate in the working life of equipment.Therefore consequently, not only energy input has reduced, and reduces the cost of energy of each time, but also will take all factors into consideration almost several thousand hours the complex effect of using light of equipment.Similarly be the compound interest of bank, look that in the segment transit time energy saving seldom.Yet in the whole life span of lamp and such equipment, the saving amount is more and more.Therefore, method of the present invention is conceived to subtlety, but accumulates economic benefit for the owner of system in long-time highly stablely.

The quantity of illumination and the required equipment quantity of uniformity specification that this material facts that make more light can be used for the place make this method to reduce to satisfy most of sports lighting purposes.This just can reduce front end fund hardware cost and facility cost, as previously mentioned.This can also reduce the totle drilling cost that illuminates the place, comprises fund cost and job costs.

In addition, this method has solved a problem that exists and become more and more serious in time in sports lighting, i.e. the dazzle and the astigmatism of overflowing.This method is intended to allow to realize the uniformity that improves and to the control of light, supplies with the place to keep light as available light, and prevent its with the form astigmatism of overflowing leave the place or cause dazzle.

In addition, this method can prolong the service life of some elements.Example comprises the life-span of lamp 20.This provides other economic benefit for the owner.

4. the optional operating characteristics of the amount of cutting down the consumption of energy in the whole working life of lamp

The front has been described and has been used for producing more luminous fluxes and handling more efficiently and control from the light of equipment so that the method for more available light is provided to the place by the energy of the specified rate that is used to produce light from lamp.Other selection comprise for the HID sports lighting fixtures in its working life from the material amount of cutting down the consumption of energy, as be disclosed in the applicant's common unsettled U. S. application No.10/785867, the mode that the document is quoted is incorporated into this.U. S. application No.10/785867 has described the SMART LAMP of this jade-like stone company of agate ^TMTechnology, it can produce available light with low-yield consumption with respect to conventional method efficiently for the method for operation HID arc lamp.Can also safeguard (or luminous flux attenuation) factor for lamp reduces lamp and improve the efficient of lamp.Although the circuit that this lamp power house of correction needs can improve system's fund cost, in most of the cases, can be compensated by cutting down the consumption of energy for a long time.The scheme of having found to be described in the common pending application 10/785867 of the U.S. that belongs to the applicant can cause lamp to save about 40% to 50% of gross energy cost in the routine work life-span.

In addition, as be described in this application, found to prolong the lamp life-span (about 20% or 3 to 6,000 hours).This further helps energy saving, and reduces the cost of labor that lamp is changed.

Therefore, though previously described method itself all is useful separately, use all these methods (accumulation under many situations, for identical input energy, can obtain 45% or more additional light to supply with the place), recombinant SMART LAMP ^TMTechnology (long-time 40-50% energy saving) can be united and be caused very high efficient and energy saving.

D. optional form and alternative form

Can recognize that the exemplary embodiment of front only is illustrative rather than restrictive.The present invention can comprise conspicuous for those skilled in the art distortion.Scope of the present invention only is subjected to the qualification of claims.

For instance, can expect the variation of size, material and various combinations by the present invention.Specifically, in order to produce useful or favourable result, do not need all features and the aspect of exemplary embodiment.

Special optional feature such as following detailed description.

1. the alternative measure of lamp

Not the Z-Lamp that must use this jade-like stone company of agate.By suitable transformation, the standard arc lamp can be used.This require with respect to the lamp awl be misplaced reflecting surface (such as the patent 5161883 of this jade-like stone company of agate suggestion), lamp perhaps is installed is bored the axis of sighting that departs from the reflector framework, as also being disclosed in United States Patent (USP) 5161883.In either case, the principle that total obliquity factor is proofreaied and correct in conventional sports lighting sighting angle scope described herein can adopt.By transmission device or other functional equivalents, the lamp york piece can maintain the preset angle orientation with respect to target, no matter the sighting angle of reflecting surface how.

2. the alternative measure of reflector

Various beam shapes and structure have been described in the front, and they can and select 120 realizations such as grade of reflection insert by shaped reflector framework 30.

3. the optional measure of shield

Another optional feature relates to shield 70.As being shown in Figure 77 A-D, opening 75 (Figure 77 A) can be formed in shield extension 250 or 260.Framework 76 (Figure 77 B-F) can be threaded, bolt or otherwise be attached in the opening 75.Light transmissive material or insert 77 (Figure 77 G-J) are fastened in the framework 76.Its shape can be long basically bubble-shaped, a kind of to form " eyeball " shape.Usually, insert 77 is made or is had the characteristic of diffused light by trnaslucent materials.For example, it can be translucent with restriction light quantity (for example 2000 candelas), and described light therefrom passes so that some intensity to be provided above target, but not too high, and diffused light.As an alternative or addition thereto, but insert 77 can have the surface (being similar to many fluorescence) of Difraction surface or dispersed light energy.The substituting measure of another of translucent mode is painted or tint (for example grey is promptly used the darkening agent) with insert, the light quantity of passing through with control.In addition, the insert surface can be by sandblast or inside and outside acid etching.When lamp 20 was connected, this can add some candle light effects to the target area superjacent air space.This makes sportsman and judge can see the above the ground ball or the object (for example baseball of high-altitude flight) at far place better.Preferably, the insert of some types can be used for the shield opening.It is transparent or semitransparent (for example plastics, glass, Merlon, acrylate etc.).It can have the optical property of diffused light.For sports lighting, expect that it can be translucent, to provide a certain amount of light to the top, place, but can not directly see light source or become the dazzle source and (for example observe and standing or outside the target place, see, described opening only need have honorable getting final product), can not make a large amount of light leave the place from light source.

Alternatively, prism material can be used for the shield opening, to realize different illuminating effects (for example scattering light with diffusion or directed mode).The staged prism reflector of the band angle in the reflector 70 also can be used.Black paint can be used to the two opposite sides of shield reflecting surface, to realize the control to the extreme dazzle and the astigmatism of overflowing.

Another the optional measure that is appreciated that the up ligthing function of shield is customized at the specific application amount of carrying out body.For example, the color of team or sign can be printed on the translucent insert.In addition, shield, or entire emission device framework/shield assembly can be printed, decorate or otherwise be configured to the color of team or school.Because reflector framework and shield outside are mold casting formings, and do not comprise reflecting surface, therefore drawing is a feasible selection more.

Can provide more joyful environment from insert 77 up ligthings.It can provide the light of " soft " tone.It can reduce dazzle impression degree, and this can alleviate the dazzle that is known as horrible or uncomfortable light sometimes.

In addition, insert 77 can be used in combination with shield 70 or the element (for example grid) that adds shield 70 to, to help dazzle or to overflow astigmatism control or other illuminating effect.Prism or other surface can be added on other lip-deep any grid of shield 70 inside or shield 70.Can be provided with curved, dihedral or staged reflection bar in the shield 70, to handle light extraly.These different class components can provide, so that be that each equipment 10 produces different performance and movement option.

4. the alternative measure of application scenario

The present invention can be used for the illumination application scenario in other the big zone except that sports lighting.Several examples wherein comprise parking lot illumination, architectural lighting, public place illumination, arena or stadium lighting.The present invention can be applied to room lighting.This relates to any HID illuminating equipment of the controlled convection light of needs.This comprises the target that illuminates relatively remote (for example, about 100 feet or farther) or is used for the special efficacy illumination.

5. equipment method of sight

Because reflecting surface is accurate, so pointing accuracy is very important for equipment 10.The reliability that can be used to improve equipment 10 aimings as drying method.

Can compensate the warpage that transverse arm 7 may have, for example the warpage that in its manufacturing or welding process, (may produce heat).Except based on the angles of lamp awl 40 with respect to transverse arm 7 aimings, and get rid of because of warpage causes perpendicular to beyond bar or the ground, aiming can be got in touch with setting up with the irrelevant datum mark of transverse arm.If transverse arm can not consider that then any error that causes owing to the transverse arm warpage can be eliminated.

A kind of method is: (a) the supposition bar is straight (can vertically erect from ground when setting up the place correctly being installed in); (b) knuckle plate 60 is attached to transverse arm 7, (c) knuckle 50 is attached to knuckle plate 60, (d) lamp awl 40 is attached to knuckle 50, (e) utilize digital gradienter to measure the absolute angle of knuckle 50 with respect to benchmark (for example bar).Then, the zero-bit alignment tools as described later, is installed and is regulated with respect to lamp awl 40, and it is built-in with any required indemnifying measure.

Figure 40 A and B have shown a kind of zero-bit alignment tools 162.It can be attached to the side of lamp awl 40.Printing scale can cast or be printed on the knuckle 50.Equipment 10 need aim at respect to the target area.Under a lot of situations, need to suppose that scraggly metal transverse arm 7 can be as the benchmark with respect to ground.Yet, transverse arm may be in manufacture process warpage (for example because the high temperature that the welding when making causes).Therefore, knuckle 50 may not be vertically perfect.For all equipment on bar provide aiming infrastructural frame more accurate and always, they can be benchmark with the bar in factory, promptly connect the knuckle plate 60 and the knuckle 50 of transverse arm 7, each equipment, and the lamp of each knuckle plate 60 of bolt awl 40.The lamp awl 40 of each bolt can hang straight down as the crow flies with respect to the earth.Zero-bit alignment tools 162 can be bored on 40 in lamp by bolt or screw initial fixation, so that the cue mark of its printing (seeing Figure 40 A) is aimed at longitudinal axis or other reference position of lamp awl 40.Scale can be in such position printing (for example using ink-jet printer) on knuckle 50, if promptly the two all keeps vertically with respect to the earth, the cue mark of zero-bit alignment tools 162 will indicate zero.If cue mark is not aimed at the zero position on the knuckle 50, this shows some warpages or scrambling in some transverse arms.By the degree of cue mark slip-angle steering joint zero position, can determine the value of scrambling.Then, zero-bit alignment sheets 162 can be released and be rotated, so that cue mark and zero position align.Therefore, the compensation to the warpage of transverse arm can realize.When equipment was installed, compensation was carried out, and the workman can suppose that the cue mark that aligns with knuckle zero position mark is exactly the original bench mark point of aiming.

For the correct rotation of equipment 10 on the transverse arm of bar of guaranteeing one group or an array when mounted aligns, little centering ring or circle can be printed on the lens of one of equipment array (for example 1/8 inch thickness,

The circular UV degradable Yellow ink of inch diameter-the see little centering ring 272 on the lens among Figure 1B).It can be concentric with the central axis of equipment.The workman utilizes binocular the ground observation position of bulb or back and its place of centering ring and reflector can be linked to be straight line on the ground, and detects equipment and whether aimed at ground correct predetermined point.One finds that this method can be accuracy limitations in several inches.Whether this is low-cost, simple mode, align after setting up to detect whole array.Because each equipment aims in advance with respect to transverse arm, it is just enough usually therefore to detect an equipment.If there is dislocation, utilize the bar that is slidedly assemblied on the infrastructure, bar can rotate simply until realization and align.

6.D shape transverse arm

Figure 78 A-W has shown a kind of optional transverse arm 7A, and it can be used for equipment 10.As be shown in Figure 78 A, B and S, transverse arm has the shape of cross section of essentially rectangular, except one vertically a side 55 haply for circular or curved (for example having certain radius of curvature).In addition, transverse arm 7A (has shown the general prior art transverse arm that is used for comparison from leading edge 55 to opposite antemarginal width with respect to traditional square or rectangular tubular transverse arm increase (for example increasing by 30% to 40%) Figure 78 C, its all sides are square or smooth, and have width smaller W).

Found that the highest wind load directly acts on the front surface of transverse arm.Above-mentioned shape can reduce the wind load on the transverse arm, and therefore reduces the wind load on the bar.This helps to reduce the EPA of whole array.In some cases, this allows more cheap bar (for example thinner metallic walls or littler diameter).

It can also efficiently be made by the round tubular raw material that obtains easily.Its flattened side can rollingly form, and 55 stay curved surface in the side.Therefore, can not increase cost.It has the intensity roughly the same with rectangular tube.

Note that it can be made into to be different from traditional length (for example Fig. 7 D-L) now, and can form construction opening, so that a plurality of equipment 10 are installed along a side.In this embodiment, about 2 inches high (H) of transverse arm 7A and 3.875 inches wide (W).Length L changes to the scope of 18.7 feet (Figure 78 L) at about 1 and 1/3 foot (Figure 78 D).

7. the selectivity of various benefits

As described previously, the various features of equipment 10 can be installed in various combination mode or operation side and be selected, with the terminal use's that realizes lamp various objectives.Terminal use or illumination designer can consider: the benefit of (a) dazzle/astigmatic aspect of overflowing, (b) field lighting, (c) structural and wind load problem, and (d) bar requirement for height and select certain structure based on following demand or expectation:

1. the fund cost of illuminator (initial cost of equipment, bar and facility)

2. job costs (cost of system works comprises electric power and maintenance)

3. performance/movement (how much illumination is mapped on the place, and how light distributes).

4. environmental problem (dazzle/the astigmatism of overflowing; Electric power consumes)

Can in these factors, select.For example, about 60% of the typical motion illuminator cost is the equipment cost at present.About 40% is the cost of bar.Supply with more available light from less equipment and can obtain benefit in all above-mentioned four fields.Less equipment means less fund cost (may comprise cheaply or bar still less).Less equipment (and SMARTLAMP) can reduce job costs in field time.The further feature that performance and movement can be offset, control better light and equipment 10 by the side is improved.Dazzle and excessive astigmatism have reduced, and energy input also is so, therefore help environment.

Yet, can be by designing the amount that regulate various benefits.For example, if more substantial excessive astigmatism and dazzle are acceptable, then can use short bar, this can further reduce fund cost.If job costs are not the major issues that needs consideration, then system can produce extra light, although cost is higher, movement may be better.About various ad hoc structures described herein, attempt to show substantially the size and the ratio of each several part among the figure, so that those skilled in the art understand exemplary configuration and their formation, assembling and mode of operation.Those modifications of understanding easily to those skilled in the art are included in the present invention.

In addition, the jewelry of element miscellaneous, shape or structure can provide the decorative appearance of pleasant.Its example comprises equipment integral body, and it can have or not have any shield, reflector framework, lamp awl, the shield and the D shape transverse arm of knuckle, shield, band opening are installed.

Optional form and alternative form

Can recognize that above-mentioned exemplary embodiment provides as just example rather than as restricted explanation.Conspicuous change to those skilled in the art will comprise in the present invention.Scope of the present invention is only limited by claim.

Claims

1. method that the available light that provides to the target area from high strength lighting fixture is provided under the situation that does not improve energy input, described illuminating equipment comprises arc-tube, it has the metal halide salt pond and the bread that is reflected basically encloses, and glass lens, it produces the controlled homocentric pencil of rays, naturally begin to assemble from equipment on the described light beam, described method comprises:

A. the high-intensity discharge lamp that has arc-tube by use increases the luminous flux output of lamp under the situation that does not improve work capacity, described arc-tube is operated under the following conditions:

I. be not positioned at the reflectance coating of the heat of arbitrary end;

Ii. has the metal halide salt pond of strengthening with respect to traditional form;

Iii. be in horizontal level or near horizontal level;

B. be increased in subsequent reflection and transmission in the equipment by following manner, and do not increase work capacity:

I. use to have for visible light and be about 95% or the reflecting surface of above total reflectivity;

Ii. at least one surface of glass lens, use anti-reflection layer, and/or use low iron glass;

C. increase the light quantity that arrives the target area by following manner:

I. at the reflecting surface place a part of light beam is offset from the light beam main part;

Ii. the equipment that is in the operating position is carried out orientation, so that all light beams arrive the target area basically;

Thereby d. under the situation that does not improve the equipment energy consumption, obtain the available light that increases at place, target area by equipment in the mode of accumulation.

2. the method for claim 1, wherein the metal halide salt pond of described increasing comprises sodium-scandium.

3. method as claimed in claim 2, wherein, light quantity is added to the twice that is approximately the conventional metals halide HID lamp.

4. the method for claim 1 also is included in horizontal level operation arc light pipe.

5. the step that the method for claim 1, wherein increases the luminous flux output of lamp under the situation that does not improve work capacity also comprises:

A. improve the electrical efficiency the electric energy transmission from power supply to lamp.

6. method as claimed in claim 5, wherein, improve electrical efficiency comprise with respect to traditional form more efficiently lamp ballast be placed between power supply and the lamp.

7. method as claimed in claim 6, wherein, lamp ballast is a linear response device formula ballast more efficiently.

8. method as claimed in claim 5, wherein, the raising electrical efficiency comprises the resistance in the electrical transmission paths that reduces between power supply and the lamp.

9. method as claimed in claim 8 wherein, reduces resistance and is included in the electrical transmission paths to be provided with respect to the traditional form size and strengthens and therefore have more low-resistance electric wire.

10. method as claimed in claim 8 wherein, is raised the efficiency the use magnetoconductivity material higher with respect to traditional form in the lamp ballast that is included in the electrical transmission paths.

11. with respect to the sighting angle of target area how the method for claim 1 no matter also comprise equipment, all at horizontal level or near horizontal level operation arc light pipe.

12. method as claimed in claim 11, wherein, arc-tube has the fixed orientation with respect to arc lamp.

13. method as claimed in claim 12, wherein, arc lamp automatically keeps the in place so that levels operation of its arc-tube, although arc lamp moves with respect to reflecting surface in the space when equipment changes its sighting angle.

14. method as claimed in claim 13, wherein, the ratio that is varied to of the mobile and sighting angle of arc lamp.

15. method as claimed in claim 14, wherein, sighting angle comprises narrow conventional sighting angle.

16. method as claimed in claim 14 wherein, realizes described proportional moving by transmission device.

17. method as claimed in claim 14, wherein, described proportional moving has predictable, quantifiable value.

18. method as claimed in claim 17 also comprises and uses predictable, quantifiable value to predict beam shape from equipment, no matter sighting angle how.

19. the method for claim 1, wherein described very high total reflectivity is for visible light minimum 95%.

20. method as claimed in claim 19, wherein, reflecting surface comprises rafifinal basic unit, its reflect outer field total reflectivity for for visible light be about 95% or more than.

21. method as claimed in claim 19, wherein, reflecting surface comprises the aluminium that is applying silver.

22. the method for claim 1, wherein reflecting surface comprises the principal reflection part, it accompanys or follow the convoluted surface that Yu Yi is suitable for producing the type of convergent beam.

23. method as claimed in claim 22, wherein, reflecting surface also comprises the bottom, and it is for producing the catoptrical type that convergence is lower than described convergent beam.

24. method as claimed in claim 23, wherein, when equipment was in the operating position, described bottom was positioned at below the lamp.

25. method as claimed in claim 23, wherein, extend less than 180 degree around the longitudinal axis of lamp described bottom.

26. method as claimed in claim 23, wherein, the shape of described bottom is different with the principal reflection part.

27. method as claimed in claim 22, wherein, reflecting surface also comprises the side Offset portion, and it is for producing the catoptrical type that convergence is lower than described convergent beam.

28. method as claimed in claim 27, wherein, when equipment was in the operating position, described side Offset portion was positioned at the cross side of lamp.

29. method as claimed in claim 27, wherein, described side Offset portion is extended less than 180 degree around the longitudinal axis of lamp.

30. method as claimed in claim 27, wherein, the shape of described side Offset portion is different from the principal reflection part of reflecting surface.

31. method as claimed in claim 22, wherein, reflecting surface also comprises outward extending upper portion.

32. method as claimed in claim 32, wherein, when equipment was in the operating position, upper portion extended to last the place ahead of lamp.

33. method as claimed in claim 32, wherein, upper portion around the longitudinal axis of lamp extend about 180 degree or more than.

34. method as claimed in claim 32, wherein, the shape of upper portion is different from the principal reflection part of reflecting surface.

35. method as claimed in claim 32, wherein, upper portion is with light guiding again downwards.

36. the method for claim 1 also comprises the reflector framework that is used for the supporting reflex face.

37. method as claimed in claim 36, wherein, the reflector framework is a mold casting forming.

38. method as claimed in claim 36, wherein, the reflector framework is the form of housing.

39. method as claimed in claim 36, wherein, described housing is the form of bowl, has and can get rid of the outside of taking off wind.

40. method as claimed in claim 39, wherein, described housing also comprises metal.

41. method as claimed in claim 39, wherein, the reflector inside of frame has main portion, and it is accompanyed or follow in a convoluted surface, is used to produce convergent beam.

42. method as claimed in claim 41, wherein, the main portion of reflector framework is configured to the principal reflection part of supporting reflex face, and described principal reflection part is also accompanyed or follow in a convoluted surface, is used to produce convergent beam.

43. method as claimed in claim 11, wherein, the reflector inside of frame has the bottom, and it is configured to support a part of reflecting surface, to produce the reverberation that convergence is lower than described convergent beam.

44. method as claimed in claim 41, wherein, the reflector inside of frame has lateral side part, and it is configured to support a part of reflecting surface, to produce the reverberation that convergence is lower than described convergent beam.

45. method as claimed in claim 39, wherein, the reflector framework comprises the installed part that is used for shield, and shield stretches out from the reflector framework, and the upper portion of supporting reflex face.

46. method as claimed in claim 45, wherein, the outside of shield and reflector framework are combined, compare with traditional spinning aluminium reflector equipment, provide the effective projected area and the air dynamic behaviour of relative raising.

47. method as claimed in claim 45, wherein, shield can be constructed to different shape and length.

48. method as claimed in claim 45, wherein, the reflecting surface upper portion that is loaded on the shield has consistent reflectivity and reflection characteristic.

49. method as claimed in claim 45, wherein, the reflecting surface upper portion that is loaded on the shield has the reflectivity or the reflection characteristic of variation.

50. method as claimed in claim 45 also comprises the opening that is arranged in shield and reflecting surface upper portion, it is configured to allow the light of controlled quatity therefrom to pass through.

51. method as claimed in claim 50 also comprises the trnaslucent materials or the transparent material that are arranged in opening, it has prism surface, is used for scattering light with diffusion or directed mode.

52. the method for claim 1, wherein at least a portion reflecting surface comprises a plurality of reflection inserts, each insert is the form of single-piece.

53. method as claimed in claim 50, wherein, the reflection insert is made by sheet material, and axis elongation along the longitudinal.

54. method as claimed in claim 50, wherein, the reflection insert has trapezoidal shape.

55. method as claimed in claim 50, wherein, the reflection insert is installed in the reflector framework abreast, and aims at the longitudinal axis of lamp.

56. method as claimed in claim 53, wherein, the shape, size of reflection insert and and curvature selected, the light beam that forms by reflecting surface with influence.

57. method as claimed in claim 54, wherein, the reflection insert is independent with respect to equipment.

58. the method for claim 1, wherein be used for the anti-reflection layer of lens are the films that apply.

59. the method for claim 1, wherein anti-reflection layer forms by lens are immersed in the solution.

60. the method for claim 1, wherein anti-reflection layer is located on two surfaces of lens.

61. the method for claim 1, also be included in the operating time during in power operation lamp to reduce, with conserve energy.

62. method as claimed in claim 61, wherein, the described operating time is a hundreds of hour.

63. method as claimed in claim 59 also is included in the time point rising operand power in the duration of work, with the luminous flux attenuation of reply lamp, but keeps the cumlative energy saving in whole duration of work.

64. method as claimed in claim 61 also is included in the time point of the being separated by operand power that repeatedly raises, and with the luminous flux attenuation of reply lamp, but keeps the cumlative energy saving in whole duration of work.

65. the method for claim 1 also comprises by reducing the venting in the equipment, not consuming under the situation of multipotency more, produces the light that can be used for the target area more.

66. as the described method of claim 65, wherein, the step that reduces venting comprises seal lamps, reflecting surface and lens.

67. as the described method of claim 65, wherein, the step that reduces venting comprises the material that use is not exitted.

68. as the described method of claim 65, wherein, the step that reduces venting comprises isolates the material of venting basically from light.

69. as the described method of claim 65, wherein, the step that reduces venting comprise will venting material isolate perhaps metal between scioptics framework and the reflector framework and Metal Contact and basically from the glass lens distribute heat from heat.

70. a high strength lighting fixture is used for increasing the available light that offers the target area under the situation that does not improve energy input, comprising:

A. lamp is bored;

B. knuckle, it can be attached to the lamp awl, is used for being installed in transverse arm or other suspended structure adjustablely;

C. reflector framework, it can be installed on the lamp awl, and comprises bowl-shaped outer surface, has the inner surface of the mounting structure that is applicable to reflecting surface, and main opening, is suitable for installing glass lens on the described main opening;

D. be installed in having for visible light on the mounting structure of reflector framework and be about 95% or the reflecting surface of above total reflectivity, described reflecting surface comprises:

I. principal reflection part, it accompanys or follow the convoluted surface that Yu Yi is suitable for producing the type of convergent beam;

Ii. bottom, it has the reflection characteristic that convergence is lower than described convergent beam;

E. shield, it is installed in the reflector frame roof and stretches out thus, and has the outside and inboard;

F. the having for visible light of inboard that is installed in shield is about 95% or the reflecting surface of above total reflectivity, and incident light guided again with respect to the target area downwards when being formed at equipment and being in the operating position;

G. high-intensity discharge lamp, it has the base portion that can be installed in the lamp awl, and the arc-tube that can be placed in the reflector framework, centered on by reflecting surface basically, and the arc-tube of described lamp is formed under the following condition and operates:

I. be not positioned at the reflectance coating of the heat of arbitrary end;

Ii. have the increasing metal halide salt pond bigger than the salt pond of traditional HID lamp;

Iii. be in horizontal level or near horizontal level;

H. glass lens, it has and is positioned at least one lip-deep anti-reflection layer, and/or low iron glass.

71. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 70, wherein, the metal halide salt pond of described increasing comprises sodium-scandium.

72. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 71, wherein, light quantity is added to the twice that is approximately the conventional metals halide HID lamp.

73. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 70, wherein, arc lamp has arc-tube, its longitudinal axis with respect to lamp tilts.

74. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 70, itself and the lamp ballast between power supply and lamp are combined.

75. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 74, wherein, lamp ballast is a linear response device formula ballast.

76. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 70, itself and the electrical transmission paths between power supply and lamp are combined.

77. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 76, wherein, electrical transmission paths comprises with respect to the increasing of traditional form size and therefore has more low-resistance electric wire.

78. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 76, wherein, what electrical transmission paths comprised the lamp ballast that is arranged in lamp has the more ballast material of high permeability with respect to traditional form.

79. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 70, and though also comprise equipment with respect to the sighting angle of target area how all at horizontal level or near the device of horizontal level operation arc light pipe.

80. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 79, wherein, arc-tube has the fixed orientation with respect to arc lamp.

81. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 79, wherein, no matter how described sighting angle all comprises at horizontal level or near the device of horizontal level operation arc light pipe:

A. lamp york piece, it is installed in the lamp awl, and can center on first pivot axis;

B. lamp awl, it can pivot with respect to knuckle around second pivot axis, so that different sighting angles are set for illuminating equipment;

C. the mechanical connecting device between lamp york piece and lamp awl, its any pivot that is configured to center on second pivot axis with the lamp awl is pro rata around the first pivot axis lamp york piece, and the amount and the direction of the proportional pivot of lamp york piece in the lamp awl are configured to automatically keep selected arc-tube position for the illuminating equipment sighting angle of certain limit.

82. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 81, wherein, described mechanical connecting device comprises the gear drive between knuckle, lamp awl and lamp york piece.

83. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 70, wherein, reflecting surface comprises rafifinal basic unit, its minimum total reflectivity that has for visible light is that 95% superpower reflection is outer.

84. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 70, wherein, reflecting surface comprises the aluminium that is applying silver, its minimum total reflectivity for visible light is at least 95%.

85. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 70, wherein, the reflector framework has built-in main portion, it is configured to the principal reflection part of supporting reflex face, and it accompanys or follow the convoluted surface that Yu Yi is suitable for producing the type of convergent beam.

86. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 85, wherein, reflection frames has built-in bottom, it is supporting the reflecting surface of a part, so that it produces the reverberation that convergence is lower than described convergent beam.

87. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 86, wherein, when equipment was in the operating position, described bottom was positioned at below the lamp.

88. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 87, wherein, extend less than 180 degree around the longitudinal axis of lamp described bottom.

89. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 86, wherein, the shape of described bottom is different with the principal reflection part.

90. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 85, wherein, reflecting surface has built-in lateral part, its reflecting surface that is supporting a part is to produce the side Offset portion that convergence is lower than described convergent beam, and described side Offset portion is for producing the catoptrical type that convergence is lower than described convergent beam.

91. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 90, wherein, when equipment was in the operating position, described side Offset portion was positioned at the cross side of lamp.

92. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 91, wherein, described side Offset portion is extended less than 180 degree around the longitudinal axis of lamp.

93. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 91, wherein, the shape of described side Offset portion is different from the principal reflection part of reflecting surface.

94. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 85, wherein, the shield inboard is configured to support from the outward extending reflecting surface of reflector framework.

95. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 94, wherein, when equipment was in the operating position, the shield reflecting surface extended to last the place ahead of lamp.

96. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 94, wherein, the shield reflecting surface around the longitudinal axis of lamp extend about 180 degree or more than.

97. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 94, wherein, the shape of shield reflecting surface is different from the principal reflection part of reflecting surface.

98. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 94, wherein, when equipment was in the operating position, the shield reflecting surface guided the downward head for target of light zone again.

99. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 70, wherein, the reflector framework is a mold casting forming.

100. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 99, wherein, the reflector framework is the form of housing.

101. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 100, wherein, described housing is the form of bowl, has and can get rid of the outside of taking off wind.

102. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 101, wherein, described housing also comprises basic continuous exterior surface.

103. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 101, wherein, the outside of shield and reflector framework are combined, compare with traditional spinning aluminium reflector equipment, provide improved relatively effective projected area and air dynamic behaviour.

104. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 70, also comprise the opening that is arranged in shield and reflecting surface upper portion, it is configured to allow the light of controlled quatity therefrom to pass through.

105. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 104, also comprise the trnaslucent materials or the transparent material that are arranged in opening, it has prism surface.

106. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 70, wherein, at least a portion reflecting surface comprises a plurality of reflection inserts, each insert is the form of single-piece.

107. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 106, wherein, the reflection insert is made by sheet material, and axis elongation along the longitudinal.

108. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 107, wherein, the reflection insert has trapezoidal shape.

109. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 106, wherein, the reflection insert is installed in the reflector framework abreast, and aims at the longitudinal axis of lamp.

110. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 70, wherein, the anti-reflection layer of lens is the films that apply.

111. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 70, wherein, anti-reflection layer forms by lens are immersed in the solution.

112. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 70, wherein, anti-reflection layer is located on two surfaces of lens.

113. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 70, itself and circuit are combined, described circuit comprises the switchable capacitors with the lamp electric connection, one of them switchable capacitors be used in the operating time during in power operation lamp to reduce, with conserve energy.

114. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 113, wherein, another switchable capacitors is used for the luminous flux attenuation of reply lamp, but keeping the cumlative energy saving with the power operation lamp that raises in whole duration of work.

115. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 114, also comprise a plurality of switchable capacitors, it is formed at the operand power of the time point rising lamp of being separated by, and with the luminous flux attenuation of reply lamp, but keeps the cumlative energy saving in whole duration of work.

116. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 70, also comprise stopper, seal and packing ring, it is formed at lamp awl and lens place sealing reflector inside of frame.

117. as the described illuminating equipment of claim 70, also comprise the teflon locating ring, its base portion round lamp is settled.

118., also comprise being used to seal the lens packing ring of lens and being installed on the equipment light covering of lens packing ring and light being isolated with basically as the described illuminating equipment of claim 70.

119. an illuminator comprises:

A. many stocks;

B. be positioned at least one transverse arm on each bar;

C. by a plurality of arrays of forming as the described illuminating equipment of claim 70, described equipment is being installed on the corresponding transverse arm of each bar on its corresponding knuckle.

120. as the described illuminator of claim 119, wherein, each equipment aiming is at precalculated sighting angle, and only about half of described equipment comprises side skew reflecting surface part.

121. as the described illuminator of claim 119, also comprise the ballast case that is used for each array, described ballast case comprises ballast, described ballast has changeable other electric capacity of level of each lamp that is used for array.

122. as the described illuminator of claim 121, wherein, described other electric capacity of changeable level is selected, so as in during the very first time to be lower than the power operation lamp of reference power, the power that raises is then wherein accumulated saves energy in whole duration of work.