CN100555032C - Display device - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of display device is provided, does not change the essential structure of display device in design, do not damage the demonstration grade of contrast, be not limited to white show state or black show state, can under the orientation of broad, improve the view angle dependency of contrast ratio than big direction.A kind of display device, possesses contrast than display device with have the anisotropic scattering film of anisotropic scattering layer with view angle dependency, wherein, above-mentioned anisotropic scattering film with the contrast of display device direction than maximum direction almost parallel on have the scattering center axle, and be configured in the sightingpiston side of display device.

Description

Display device

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of display device.In particular to a kind of display device such as liquid crystal indicator that possess the anisotropic scattering film.

Background technology

As the representative instance that display performance has the display device of view angle dependency (angle of visibility characteristic), what be widely known by the people is with twisted-nematic (Twisted nematic; TN) pattern is the liquid crystal indicator of representative.In addition, so-called ' display performance has view angle dependency ' is meant from frontal (the sightingpiston normal direction of display device, the visual angle is the direction of 0 degree) under the situation of observing with the situation of observing from oblique (visual angle is greater than the direction of 0 degree) under, display performance differences such as contrast ratio, gamma characteristic, colourity.Usually, known these display performances are not good under the situation that frontal is observed under the situation of oblique observation.

In the liquid crystal indicator of TN pattern, along with the visual angle increases along direction up and down (point/12, point/9,3 point/6 of clock direction), contrast is than slowly descending.For example, under the situation of observing from frontal, the contrast ratio is 320, and up under the situation that (12 directions) observe from visual angle 75 degree, under the situation that direction (6 directions) is observed from visual angle 50 degree down, under the situation that (9 directions) observe from visual angle 65 degree, under the situation that right (3 directions) is observed from visual angle 68 degree, the contrast ratio becomes 10 at left.In addition, show that look is achromaticity (not being with color) under the situation of observing from frontal, and, have yellow under the situation that direction is observed up and down.Especially under the situation that direction is observed down, also observe the abnormal occurrence of the gamma characteristic that is called gray inversion of the both positive and negative polarity counter-rotating of seeing display image.The view angle dependency of display performance comes from the optical anisotropy that the polarized light absorption characteristic of the refractive index anisotropy of liquid crystal molecule or polarization plate and polarized light see through characteristic etc. and component parts in this liquid crystal indicator, can be described as the characteristic that liquid crystal indicator possesses in essence.

The method of view angle dependency as the display performance of improvement liquid crystal indicator has proposed the whole bag of tricks before this.As this method, for example proposing the pixel split plot design (is divided into a pixel a plurality of, weigh (half-tone grey scale) method with the constant employed intermediate color gray scale that puts on the voltage on each pixel that recently changes, or a pixel is divided into a plurality of territories, to the territory split plot design of the orientation of each territory control liquid crystal etc.), apply face internal conversion (In-Plane Switching:IPS) pattern of transverse electric field to liquid crystal, when not applying voltage, drive multidomain vertical orientation (Multi-domain VerticalAlignment:MVA) pattern of vertical orientated liquid crystal, make OCB (the Optically Compensated Birefringence: display mode such as pattern optical compensation birefringence) of curved orientation unit and phase-contrast film combination, with the optical compensation method of using phase-contrast film etc., suitable being used in combination also has been discussed, and commercial liquid crystal indicator adopts these methods more.

But, under the situation that adopts pixel split plot design or above-mentioned display mode, must change the structure of alignment films, electrode etc., therefore need to determine manufacturing technology or newly make manufacturing apparatus, as a result, cause manufacturing difficulty and cost higher, room for improvement is still arranged in this.In addition, the improved effect of view angle dependency is also insufficient.In addition, the improved effect of the optical compensation method of use phase-contrast film is also limited.For example, the phase difference value of phase difference compensation that is suitable for liquid crystal cells most is different when black the demonstration and during white the demonstration, so show and white demonstration can not be carried out the phase difference compensation of liquid crystal cells among both black.In addition, under the axle orientation of the polarizing axis of polarization plate (seeing through axle and absorption axes), can not get the compensation effect based on phase-contrast film on the principle, improved effect is limited to specific azimuth coverage, and room for improvement is also arranged in this at all.

Except that above-mentioned, as the method for view angle dependency of the display performance of improvement liquid crystal indicator, known sightingpiston side at liquid crystal display device is provided with the scattering film and comes equalization to penetrate the method for light.This method needn't change the structure of display unit basically applicable to whole display modes.In addition, different with the above-mentioned optical compensation method of phase-contrast film of having used, the both obtains effect when black the demonstration and when showing certainly, even if this effect is not lost in the axle orientation of the polarizing axis of polarization plate yet.

In addition, as the light source of common liquid crystal indicator, adopt the diffusion backlight system that penetrates diffusion light.The major part of liquid crystal display pattern or polarization plate is best to the characteristic of the light of vertical incidence, thus photochemical with the parallel light of the backlight systems of self-diffusion as far as possible in the future such as lens blooming, and impinge perpendicularly on liquid crystal display device (liquid crystal cells).Thus, because can obtain the improved effect of better view angle dependency, so proposed the technology that is associated therewith more.

But, owing to also do not establish the method that simple and effective obtains directional light, so based on the modification method of the view angle dependency of scattering film as mentioned above, use with diffusion back light modulation system in combination in fact.At this moment, as mentioned above, although obtain the improved effect of view angle dependency, but under black show state, the part of the leak light that penetrates to the liquid crystal cells oblique incidence is because the scattering film causes its progress path to the frontal bending, so at frontal, the outstanding leakage increases, and the contrast that makes frontal still has room for improvement in this than descending greatly.This is because the scattering property of scattering film is an isotropy, so even if incident angle changes a little, the scattering film is can difference too not big to seeing through the scattering of light characteristic yet.

Relative with it, the Opital control board that discloses following manufacturing is (for example with reference to patent documentation 1-13.) and the liquid crystal indicator (for example with reference to patent documentation 14 and 15) of this Opital control board has been installed, the resin combination that a plurality of compounds promptly differentiated to refractive index separately, have or more than one optical polymerism carbon-to-carbon double bond in molecule constitute, from the angular range internal radiation ultraviolet ray of linear light sorurce, this resin combination is solidified in regulation.This Opital control board selectively scattering from the light of special angle incident.Therefore, as if the decline of using this Opital control board, then think the contrast ratio that to a certain degree to eliminate above-mentioned frontal.

But in the resin cured matter of this Opital control board, as shown in figure 30, the length direction that is disposed at its overhead linear light source 51 when considering with Opital control board 50 making is consistent, and has been formed parallel to each other the refractive index plate like region 40 different with the neighboring area.Therefore, the A-A line to present the refractive index plate like region different with the neighboring area 40 alternately in Figure 30 is under the situation about being rotated of center, basically do not find the incident angle dependency of the scattering properties shown in the Opital control board 50, but, at the B-B line with no variations in refractive index, homogeneous is under the situation that makes it to rotate of center, can find above-mentioned incident angle dependency.

Figure 31 is the mode chart of the incident angle dependency of the scattering properties shown in the Opital control board of representing among Figure 30 50.The longitudinal axis is represented to see through light quantity as the straight line of the index of expression scattering degree, and transverse axis is represented incident angle.In addition, solid line among Figure 31 and dotted line represent that respectively with A-A axle among Figure 30 and B-B axle be the situation that the center makes Opital control board 50 rotations.In addition, the positive negative indication of incident angle makes the direction of Opital control board 50 rotations opposite.

Solid line among Figure 31 represents it is that frontal or vergence direction, straight line see through light quantity and all keep less, this means that under the situation that with the A-A axle is the center rotation Opital control board 50 is irrelevant with incident angle, is scattering state.In addition, the dotted line among Figure 31 is illustrated under near 0 degree the direction straight line, and to see through light quantity little, this means that the light of Opital control board 50 frontal direction is scattering state under the situation that with the B-B axle is the center rotation.In addition, straight line sees through light quantity under the bigger direction of incident angle increases, and this means under the situation that with the B-B axle is the center rotation, and the light of 50 pairs of vergence directions of Opital control board is for seeing through state.

Like this, in the former Opital control board, owing to only just can obtain anisotropic scattering characteristic (when changing incident angle, the characteristic that changes of scattering properties) in specific orientation, so although what can prevent the decline of the contrast ratio of frontal, but only just can obtain on this aspect of improved effect of view angle dependency room for improvement being arranged still in specific orientation.

Patent documentation 1: the spy opens clear 63-309902 communique

Patent documentation 2: the spy opens clear 64-40903 communique

Patent documentation 3: the spy opens clear 64-40905 communique

Patent documentation 4: the spy opens clear 64-40906 communique

Patent documentation 5: the spy opens clear 64-77001 communique

Patent documentation 6: the spy opens flat 1-147405 communique

Patent documentation 7: the spy opens flat 1-147406 communique

Patent documentation 8: the spy opens flat 2-51101 communique

Patent documentation 9: the spy opens flat 2-54201 communique

Patent documentation 10: the spy opens flat 2-67501 communique

Patent documentation 11: the spy opens flat 3-87701 communique

Patent documentation 12: the spy opens flat 3-109501 communique

Patent documentation 13: the spy opens flat 6-9714 communique

Patent documentation 14: the spy opens flat 7-64069 communique

Patent documentation 15: the spy opens the 2000-180833 communique

Summary of the invention

The present invention makes in view of above-mentioned present situation, its purpose is to provide a kind of display device, do not change the essential structure of display device in design, do not damage the relatively demonstration grade of general orientation of contrast, be not limited to white show state or black show state, can under the orientation of broad, improve the view angle dependency of contrast ratio.

The inventor has carried out after the various researchs than the display device with view angle dependency and display device with anisotropic scattering film of anisotropic scattering layer possessing contrast, is conceived to have the scattering properties of the anisotropic scattering film of scattering center axle.Anisotropic scattering characteristic (when changing incident angle, the characteristic that changes of scattering properties) with anisotropic scattering film of scattering center axle is the center with the scattering center axle, and symmetry roughly is shown.Therefore, dispose this anisotropic scattering film by sightingpiston side at display device, the contrast that axially is roughly parallel to display device that makes the scattering center axle is than maximum direction, discovery can make contrast than the incident light (mainly being white luminance) of maximum direction scattering (diffusion) back equalization on whole directions, so can improve the view angle dependency of contrast ratio under than wide in the past orientation.In addition, because the incident light scattering only more weakly of the smaller direction of contrast this moment, so discovery can suppress owing in the same way incident scattering of light, make the demonstration grade decline of contrast than maximum direction.

In addition, in common display device, each display performance such as optimal design gamma curve, colourity under the direction of contrast ratio maximum.Therefore, according to display device of the present invention, find that the view angle dependency of each display performance such as gamma curve, colourity also can improve under the narrower orientation of the angle of visibility of display device especially.In addition, anisotropic scattering film with scattering center axle is different with phase-contrast film, be not limited to white show state or black show state, different with the existing anisotropic scattering film that the anisotropic scattering characteristic only just is shown in specific orientation, in whole orientation the anisotropic scattering characteristic is shown, can realizes the high grade that shows so find display device of the present invention.In addition, the view angle dependency of above-mentioned display performance improve effect on its principle, the design alteration that contrast is carried out the essential structure of this display device than any display part with view angle dependency just can not obtain.As mentioned above, the inventor expects thoroughly solving above-mentioned problem, realizes the present invention.

Promptly, the present invention is a kind of display device, possesses contrast than display device with have the anisotropic scattering film of anisotropic scattering layer with view angle dependency, wherein, above-mentioned anisotropic scattering film with the contrast of display device direction than maximum direction almost parallel on have the scattering center axle, and be configured in the sightingpiston side of display device.

Below, describe the present invention in detail.

The contrast ratio of aforementioned display device part has view angle dependency.In addition, in this manual, so-called display device is not particularly limited to carry out the device of demonstration, for example can be liquid crystal display device.So-called contrast adopts usually and is represented divided by the value of high-high brightness by minimum brightness than being one of display performance of display device.So-called view angle dependency is meant under frontal (the sightingpiston normal direction of display device, visual angle are 0 direction of spending) situation of observing and the situation of observing from vergence direction (big direction is spent than 0 in the visual angle), the display performance difference of display device.Therefore, so-called ' the contrast ratio has view angle dependency ' means that in the situation of observing from frontal and under the situation of vergence direction observation, contrast is than different.In addition, usually, near the direction of frontal, the contrast of display device is bigger than more, but also can be opposite.

Above-mentioned anisotropic scattering film has anisotropic scattering layer.In addition, in this manual, so-called anisotropic scattering layer is meant as long as in that anisotropic scattering characteristic (when changing incident angle, the characteristic that scattering properties changes) is shown at least one orientation, then do not limit especially.So-called orientation is the parameter of direction in the face of sightingpiston of the pellicular front of expression anisotropic scattering film or display device, represents with position angle Ф (0 degree≤Ф＜360 degree).In this manual, the direction of position angle Ф and polar angle-θ (0 degree≤θ＜90 degree), in full accord with position angle Ф+180 degree (orientation that direction is opposite with position angle Ф) and the direction of polar angle θ.In this manual, usually be made as 0 degree by numerical range or more than 0 degree with polar angle, distinguish the orientation of position angle Ф and the orientation of position angle Ф+180 degree, all directions are represented by particular azimuth Ф (0 degree≤Ф＜360 degree) and polar angle θ (0 degree≤θ＜90 degree).So-called incident angle means the normal direction and the incident direction angulation of the pellicular front of anisotropic scattering film.So-called polar angle is to be that benchmark is represented with the normal direction of the sightingpiston of the pellicular front of anisotropic scattering film or display device (polar angle is the direction of 0 degree).As the mode of above-mentioned anisotropic scattering film, for example the mode that only constitutes by anisotropic scattering layer, one-sided (the sightingpiston side or the rear side) of anisotropic scattering layer stacked the mode of transparent base, in the both sides of anisotropic scattering layer (sightingpiston side and rear side) the stacked mode of transparent base.In addition, above-mentioned anisotropic scattering layer both can have monolayer constructions will, also can have lit-par-lit structure.

In addition, as above-mentioned transparent base, the transparency is high more good more.Therefore, whole light penetrations of above-mentioned transparent base (JIS K7361-1) are preferably more than 80% or 80%, and better more than 85% or 85%, the best is more than 90% or 90%.In addition, the turbidity of above-mentioned transparent base (ヘ イ ズ) (JIS K7136) is preferably below 3.0 or 3.0, and more preferably below 1.0 or 1.0, the best is below 0.5 or 0.5.As above-mentioned transparent base, for example can enumerate transparent plastic sheeting or glass plate etc., but slim property, light weight, resistance to impact and productivity good aspect, plastic sheeting preferably.Material as above-mentioned plastic sheeting, for example polyethylene terephthalate (PET), PEN (PEN), triacetyl cellulose (TAC), polycarbonate (PC), polyarylate, polyimide (PI), aromatic polyamide, polysulfones (PS), polyethersulfone (PES), cellophane, tygon (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (PVA), cyclic olefin resins etc., as the mode of above-mentioned plastic sheeting, for example separately or mix mode that the above-mentioned material rear filmization constituted, the material after the stacked above-mentioned filming and the mode that forms etc.If consider purposes or productivity, the thickness of above-mentioned transparent base is 1 μ m～5mm preferably, and 10～500 μ m are better, and 50～150 μ m are best.

In the present invention, above-mentioned anisotropic scattering film has the scattering center axle.In addition, in this manual, so-called scattering center axle is that the anisotropic scattering characteristic axially is that the center roughly illustrates symmetric axle with it, and the anisotropic scattering film with scattering center axle illustrates the anisotropic scattering characteristic under whole orientation.Therefore, the scattering properties of anisotropic scattering film can not uniquely be represented, but straight line is being seen through light quantity as under the situation of scattering properties index, with regard to the anisotropic scattering film that constitutes display device of the present invention, it is that the center roughly changes symmetrically with the axial of scattering center axle that straight line sees through light quantity.In addition, so-called straight line when to see through light quantity be parallel rays when incident regulation light quantity, along the light quantity of the parallel rays of the direction ejaculation identical with incident direction.As the assay method of above-mentioned straight line through light quantity, method for example shown in Figure 4.In method shown in Figure 4, on the position of acceptance from the straight line light of light source (not shown), fixedly photographic department 30, between light source and photographic department 30, and configuration test film 10.According to this method,, thereby can see through light quantity to measure straight line in M-M orientation (fixing the position) change incident angle perpendicular to the L-L axle in the pellicular front for example by being that the center makes test film 10 rotation with L-L axle (turning axle).In addition, the said determination orientation can suitably change by changing above-mentioned turning axle.Therefore, according to this method, the straight line that can measure under all directions sees through light quantity.In addition, as above-mentioned photographic department 30, for example can use the luminosity goniometer.

Above-mentioned anisotropic scattering film with the contrast of display device direction than maximum direction almost parallel on have the scattering center axle, and be configured in the sightingpiston side of display device.In view of the above, because the contrast of display device is than the axial almost parallel of the scattering center axle of maximum direction and anisotropic scattering film, so can make incident light whole directions on scattering after the equalization of contrast selectively, can under the orientation of broad, improve the view angle dependency of contrast ratio than maximum direction.In addition, at this moment, the scattering only more weakly of the light of the direction that contrast is smaller can see through basically, so can suppress owing to incident scattering of light in the same way, the demonstration grade that makes contrast compare maximum direction descend.

In addition, in common display device, think that above-mentioned contrast is the best direction of display performance than maximum direction, each display performance such as optimal design gamma curve, colourity under this direction.Therefore,, usually, especially under the narrow orientation of the angle of visibility of display device, not only can improve the view angle dependency of contrast ratio, also can improve the view angle dependency of each display performance such as gamma curve, colourity according to the present invention.Especially the anisotropic scattering film that constitutes display device of the present invention is different with phase-contrast film, be not limited to white show state or black show state, different with the existing anisotropic scattering film that the anisotropic scattering characteristic only just is shown in specific orientation, display device of the present invention all under the orientation anisotropic scattering characteristic is being shown, so can realize the high grade that shows.In addition, the action effect of the present invention of the improvement of above-mentioned view angle dependency is on its principle, and the design alteration that contrast is carried out essential structure than any display part with view angle dependency just can not obtain.

So-called ' almost parallel ' not only refers to completely parallel state, also comprises in view of action effect of the present invention, can be considered the state of parastate.In addition, the contrast of display device is generally direction with the sightingpiston normal direction almost parallel of display device than maximum direction, but also can be direction in addition.In addition, the configuration mode of above-mentioned anisotropic scattering film and display device does not limit especially, but preferably that above-mentioned anisotropic scattering is film adhered on display device.As with the film adhered method on display device of above-mentioned anisotropic scattering, do not limit especially, for example use the method for cement, the method for use bonding agent.From effectively obtaining the viewpoint of action effect of the present invention, it is the smaller the better that the axial straight line of above-mentioned scattering center sees through light quantity.

As the formation of display device of the present invention, as long as will comprise aforementioned display device part and anisotropic scattering film, just can comprise the inscape that also can not comprise other as inscape, limit especially.

Below, describe the best mode of display device of the present invention in detail.

Above-mentioned anisotropic scattering layer preferably makes the constituent that comprises photocurable compound solidify.In view of the above, can produce anisotropic scattering film easily, the anisotropic scattering film of anisotropic scattering characteristic promptly is shown under whole orientation with above-mentioned anisotropic scattering characteristic.The anisotropic scattering layer that makes the constituent curing that comprises above-mentioned photocurable compound is then for example seen the minute structure of extending along thickness direction if use the microscopic examination cross section.Therefore, shown in Fig. 2 A-2C, inside at anisotropic scattering layer 10, refractive index and neighboring area are slightly different, think the axial consistent small bar-shaped consolidation zone 20 that has formed a plurality of bearing of trends and scattering center axle S, and think owing to above-mentioned anisotropic scattering characteristic is found in the internal structure of this anisotropic scattering layer 10.In addition, in Fig. 2 A-2C, the shape of bar-shaped consolidation zone 20 is expressed as cylindric, but does not limit especially.In addition, among Fig. 2 A, as a preferred example, bar-shaped consolidation zone 20 is extended along the thickness direction of anisotropic scattering layer 10, but the bearing of trend of bar-shaped consolidation zone 20 and scattering center axle is axial the same, qualification especially.And the shape of anisotropic scattering layer is expressed as laminar in Fig. 2 A-2C, but is not particularly limited.

As the mode of the constituent that comprises above-mentioned photocurable compound, for example (A) separately mode, (B) of optical polymerism compound mix the mode, (C) that comprise a plurality of optical polymerism compounds and mix the mode that comprises single or multiple optical polymerism compounds and the macromolecule resin that does not have optical polymerism etc.In the mode of above-mentioned (A)～(C), all as mentioned above, in anisotropic scattering layer, form the result of the refractive index micron order minute structure different with the neighboring area by irradiates light, think and can find that straight line sees through the incident angle dependency of light quantity.

Therefore, in the mode of above-mentioned (A),, be preferably in before and after the photopolymerization as the optical polymerism compound, variations in refractive index is big.In addition, in above-mentioned (B) and mode (C),, preferably make the different a plurality of combinations of materials of refractive index as the optical polymerism compound.In addition, from effectively obtaining the viewpoint of action effect of the present invention, the difference of above-mentioned variations in refractive index and refractive index is more preferably greater than equaling 0.01, and more than or equal to 0.05 better, the best is more than or equal to 0.10.

In addition, above-mentioned photocurable compound preferably comprises the optical polymerism compound and the light trigger of polymkeric substance, oligomer or the monomer of the functional group with free-radical polymerised or cationically polymerizable, has the character of coming polymerizing curable by irradiation ultraviolet radiation and/or luminous ray.

Above-mentioned free-radical polymerised compound mainly contains one or more than one unsaturated double-bond in molecule, particularly, can enumerate and for example be called epoxy acrylate, urethane acrylate, polyester acrylate, the acrylic acid oligomer of siloxane acrylate etc., the 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, phenoxyethyl acrylate, the different norborneol ester of acrylic acid, the 2-hydroxyethylmethacry,ate, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate, 2-perfluoro capryl-ethyl propylene acid esters, triethylene glycol diacrylate, 1, the 6-hexanediyl ester, 1,9-nonanediol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, oxirane (EO) modification trimethylolpropane triacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, tetramethylol methane tetraacrylate, acrylate monomers such as dipentaerythritol acrylate.

As above-mentioned cationically polymerizable compound, can use and in molecule, contain one or above epoxy radicals, vinyl ether and/or an oxetanes) basic compound.As the above-mentioned compound that in molecule, contains epoxy radicals, for example can use the diglycidyl ether class of bisphenols such as bisphenol-A, hydrogenated bisphenol A, Bisphenol F, bisphenol-A D, bisphenol S, tetramethyl bisphenol-A, tetramethyl Bisphenol F, tetrachlorobisphenol A, tetrabromobisphenol A; The poly epihydric alcohol base ethers of phenolics such as bakelite, cresol-novolak resin, bromination bakelite, o-cresol formaldehyde resin; Ethylene glycol, butylene glycol, 1, the diglycidyl ether class of aklylene glycol classes such as the oxirane of 6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, trimethylolpropane, bisphenol-A (EO) addition product; The ethylene oxidic ester of hexahydrophthalic acid; Ethylene oxidic esters such as the 2-glycidyl ester of dimer acid, class etc.In addition, also can use 3,4-7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0 methyl-3 ', alicyclic epoxy compounds, 1 such as 4 '-epoxycyclohexyl carboxylate, 4-two [(3-ethyl-3-oxetanes ylmethoxy) methyl 1 benzene, 3-ethyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)-oxetane compounds such as oxetanes; Vinethene compounds such as diethylene glycol divinyl ether, trimethylolpropane tris vinyl ether etc.

Above-mentioned optical polymerism compound is not limited to above-claimed cpd.In addition,, can in above-mentioned optical polymerism compound, import fluorine element atom (F),, also can import sulphur atom (S), bromine atoms (Br), various metallic atom, to realize high index of refraction to realize low-refraction in order to produce sufficient refringence.In addition, in order to realize the high index of refraction of above-mentioned anisotropic scattering layer, in the optical polymerism compound, to be added on the functional ultramicron that imports optical polymerism functional groups such as propenyl or epoxy resin-matrix in the ultramicron surface that the metal oxide of titanium dioxide (TiO2), zirconia (ZrO2), tin-oxide highs index of refraction such as (SnOx) constitutes also be effective.

As the light trigger that can make above-mentioned free-radical polymerised compound polymerization; for example can enumerate benzophenone; 2; the 4-diethyl thioxanthone; the benzoin isopropyl ether; 2; 2-diethoxy benzophenone; benzyl dimethyl ketal; 2; 2-dimethoxy-1; 2-diphenylethane-1-ketone; 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propane-1-ketone; the 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenylketone; 2-methyl isophthalic acid-[4-(methyl mercapto) phenyl]-2-morpholino acetone-1; 1-[4-(2-hydroxyl-oxethyl)-phenyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-propane-1-ketone; two (cyclopentadienyl groups)-two (2; 6-two fluoro-3-(ピ Le-1-yl) titanium; 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1-(4-morpholino phenyl)-butanone-1; 2; 4,6-trimethylbenzoyl diphenyl phosphine oxide etc.

The light trigger that can make above-mentioned cationically polymerizable compound polymerization is can utilize irradiates light to produce oxygen, utilize the oxygen of this generation to make the compound of above-mentioned cationically polymerizable compound polymerization, usually, preferably uses salt, metallocene.As salt, use diazo salt, sulfonium salt, salt compounded of iodine, microcosmic salt, selenium salt etc., as these gegenion, use tetrafluoro boric acid ion (BF ₄ ^-), hexafluorophosphoric acid ion (PF ₆ ^-), hexafluoroarsenate ion (AsF ₆ ^-), hexafluoro-antimonic acid ion (SbF ₆ ^-) wait negative ion.As the light trigger of cationically polymerizable compound, for example can enumerate triphenylsulfonium hexafluoro antimonate, triphenylsulfonium hexafluorophosphate, (4-methoxyphenyl) phenyl-iodide hexafluoro antimonate, two (4-tert-butyl-phenyl) iodine hexafluorophosphate, (η 5-cumene) (η 5-cyclopentadienyl group) iron (II) hexafluorophosphate etc.

In addition, above-mentioned light trigger preferably with respect to optical polymerism compound 100 weight portions, to cooperate smaller or equal to 10 weight portions more than or equal to 0.01 weight portion.This is because if above-mentioned light trigger less than 0.01 weight portion worries that then photo-curable descends, if only surface cure is then worried by the 10 weight portions of surpassing, inner curable descends.Be more preferably above-mentioned light trigger with respect to optical polymerism compound 100 weight portions, to cooperate smaller or equal to 7 weight portions more than or equal to 0.1 weight portion, the best is smaller or equal to 5 weight portions more than or equal to 0.1 weight portion.

As the constituent that comprises above-mentioned photocurable compound, when the optical polymerism compound can be stated in the use, use the macromolecule resin (with reference to the mode of above-mentioned (C)) that does not have optical polymerism.As above-mentioned macromolecule resin, for example acryl resin, styrene resin, styrene-propene acid copolymer, polyurethane, polyester, epoxy resin, cellulose-based resin, vinyl acetate are resin, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate resin copolymer, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) butyral resin etc.These macromolecule resins must have sufficient intermiscibility with the optical polymerism compound before photopolymerization, in order to ensure this intermiscibility, also can use various organic solvents or plasticizer etc.In addition, as the optical polymerism compound, under the situation of using acrylates,, preferably from allyl resin, select macromolecule resin from the viewpoint of intermiscibility.

Method as the constituent that comprises above-mentioned photocurable compound is solidified limits especially, for example laminar on matrix above-mentioned constituent is set, and shines the method for parallel rays (ultraviolet ray etc.) from prescribed direction to it.Thus, can form the aggregate (for example with reference to Fig. 2 A-2C) of a plurality of bar-shaped consolidation zone of the direction of illumination extension that is parallel to parallel rays.

As the laminar method that above-mentioned constituent is set on matrix, can use common mode of smearing (coating) or mode of printing.Particularly, can use airblade coating (air doctorcoating), bar shaped coating (bar coating), blade coating (blade coating), blade coating (knife coating), reverse roll coating (reverse roll coating), transfer roller coating (transfer roll coating), the gravure roll coating, kiss roll coating (kiss roll coating), throwing is coated with (cast coating), spraying (spraycoating), slotted eye coating (slot orifice coating), calendering coating (calendercoating), mute light coating (dumb coating), hot dip (dip coating), mode is smeared in metal mold coating (die coating) etc., or intaglio printing such as photogravure, mode of printings such as porous printings such as wire mark printing etc.In addition, under the low situation of the viscosity of constituent, also can use structure that specified altitude is set around matrix, in method by the aqueous constituent of this structure area surrounded coating.

As the employed light source of irradiation above-mentioned parallel rays (ultraviolet ray etc.), use the UV-lamp of short arc usually, particularly, can use high-pressure mercury-vapor lamp, Cooper-Hewitt lamp, metal halide lamp, xenon lamp etc.As shining the used device of parallel rays (ultraviolet ray etc.) from the afore mentioned rules direction, do not limit especially, for shining the device of the parallel rays (ultraviolet ray etc.) of uniform strength to the regulation area, according to the existing point that can from selling device, select, preferably use the exposure device of resist exposure usefulness.Under the situation that forms the less anisotropic scattering layer of size, also can use with ultraviolet hot spot light source as pointolite, from fully away from the method for distance irradiation.

Shine the parallel rays that the constituent that will comprise above-mentioned photocurable compound constitutes laminar parts and must comprise the wavelength that polymerizable solidifies the optical polymerism compound, use the light as the wavelength at center usually with the 365nm of mercury vapor lamp.Form under the situation of anisotropic scattering layer at the light that uses this wave band, illumination is more preferably greater than equaling 0.01mW/cm ²And smaller or equal to 100mW/cm ²If the not enough 0.01mW/cm of illumination ², then because curing need be long-time, thus worry the production efficiency variation, if above 100mW/cm ², then the curing of optical polymerism compound is too fast, does not produce structure and forms, and worry can not be found the anisotropic scattering characteristic expected.Illumination is more than or equal to 0.1mW/cm ²And smaller or equal to 20mW/cm ²Better.

Fig. 3 be the anisotropic scattering film of expression in the display device of the present invention the scattering center axle axially, the contrast of display device is than the key diagram of the relation of the pellicular front normal direction of the sightingpiston normal direction of maximum direction, display device and anisotropic scattering film.In addition, among the figure, dotted line is represented the normal direction (following also abbreviate as ' normal direction ') of the pellicular front of the normal direction of sightingpiston of display device 11 and anisotropic scattering film (not shown).Solid arrow represents that the contrast of display device 11 is than maximum direction.Dotted arrow represent the anisotropic scattering film the scattering center axle axially.The axial angulation of the scattering center axle of θ 1 expression normal direction and anisotropic scattering film.θ 2 expression normal directions compare maximum direction angulation with the contrast of display device 11.φ represent the anisotropic scattering film the scattering center axle axially and the contrast of display device 11 than maximum direction angulation.

Below, describe with reference to Fig. 3, but display device of the present invention is not limited to formation shown in Figure 3.

The contrast of above-mentioned scattering center axle and display device is preferably 15 degree than maximum direction angulation (φ) or below 15 degree.If angle (φ) surpasses 15 degree, then worry maximum-contrast than descending greatly.In addition, worry can not obtain in the orientation of broad the contrast ratio view angle dependency improve effect.That is,, simultaneously, can improve the view angle dependency of contrast ratio in the orientation of broad by angle (φ) being made as 15 degree or below 15 degree, can suppressing the decline of maximum-contrast ratio.

Above-mentioned scattering center axle is better smaller or equal to 10 degree than maximum direction angulation (φ) with the contrast of display device.Thus, the decline of maximum-contrast ratio can be suppressed, simultaneously, the angle of visibility characteristic of contrast ratio can be improved in wideer orientation.In order to obtain this effect biglyyer, or for the orientation at broad evenly obtains this effect, the contrast of above-mentioned scattering center axle and display device is 5 degree or below 5 degree than maximum direction angulation (φ) the best.Usually, the scattering center axle is from the normal direction cant angle theta 1 (θ 1 〉=0 degree) of the pellicular front of anisotropic scattering film.In addition, smaller or equal to 10 degree, the sightingpiston of anisotropic scattering film and display device disposes pellicular front to contrast abreast than the sightingpiston normal direction angulation (θ 2) of maximum direction and display device in the display device major parts such as liquid crystal display device.Therefore, the normal direction angulation of the pellicular front of above-mentioned scattering center axle and anisotropic scattering film (θ 1) be preferably 20 the degree or 20 the degree below.

It is little through the axial angulation of the direction of light quantity maximum and scattering center axle that the direction that above-mentioned anisotropic scattering film cathetus sees through the light quantity minimum and the axial angulation of scattering center axle can be compared to straight line most.This axial angulation at the direction that straight line is seen through the light quantity minimum and scattering center axle is made as α, straight line when being made as β through the axial angulation of the direction of light quantity maximum and scattering center axle, represents with 0 °≤α＜β.With regard to common display device, contrast is than big direction, and more littler than maximum direction angulation with contrast, contrast is than little direction, and the direction angulation maximum with the contrast ratio is big more.Therefore, in view of the above, because the contrast of display device is than the light scattering strongly than little direction of the light ratio contrast of big direction, so can more effectively obtain action effect of the present invention.

Better mode as above-mentioned anisotropic scattering film, with regard to expression incident angle-straight line sees through the figure of light quantity, for example represent that the curve of the incident angle dependency of scattering properties is (i) the roughly mode of W word shape (for example with reference to Fig. 5), the (ii) mode of U word shape roughly.Below, illustrate the anisotropic scattering film of the normal direction that mode with (i) and scattering center axle be positioned at pellicular front.

Be positioned at the mode with above-mentioned (i) and scattering center axle under the situation of anisotropic scattering film of normal direction of pellicular front, although it is fully little in axial (normal direction of pellicular front) of scattering center axle that straight line sees through light quantity, but with the bigger direction of the axial angulation (size of incident angle) of scattering center axle on slowly reduce, be that the directions of 5～20 degree (α) illustrate minimum value in the size of incident angle.In addition, on the size of the incident angle direction bigger than α, the big direction of incident angle, it is big more that straight line sees through light quantity, in the size of incident angle is under the direction of 40～65 degree (β) maximal value to be shown.In addition, under the size of the incident angle direction bigger than β, the big direction of incident angle, it is more little that straight line sees through light quantity.The incident angle dependency of this scattering properties can obtain in whole orientation roughly the samely, that is, the figure that expression incident angle-straight line sees through light quantity is the center with scattering center axle (incident angle is the axle of 0 degree), and symmetry (for example with reference to Fig. 5) roughly is shown.

In addition, the axial and straight line of above-mentioned scattering center axle sees through light quantity and represents that the scope of minimum value or peaked incident angle is an example, but is not limited to this.In addition, under the mode of (i), it is the smaller the better that the axial straight line of scattering center sees through light quantity, and it is above-mentioned mode (ii) in the mode of the axial minimum of scattering center axle that above-mentioned straight line sees through light quantity.

The incident angle dependency of scattering properties of anisotropic scattering film with above-mentioned mode (ii) is to the incident ray of whole directions, represent straight line in order to an ejaculation point for the vector of starting point and see through light quantity and working direction thereof, under the situation that the top ends that links this vector is represented, as Fig. 1 (a) with (b), preferably obtain with the scattering center axle axially be the symcenter axle hang mitriform curved surface (dotted line among the figure).The anisotropic scattering film can reduce the decline of maximum-contrast ratio especially by above-mentioned anisotropic scattering characteristic is shown, and simultaneously, can improve the view angle dependency of contrast ratio in wide especially orientation.In addition, can evenly obtain the effect of improving of the view angle dependency of contrast ratio in whole orientation.In addition, above-mentioned action effect because the normal direction of the normal direction of sightingpiston that can be by making display device and the pellicular front of anisotropic scattering film is consistent, promptly, make that display device and anisotropic scattering are film adhered to be obtained, so can obtain easily.

In addition, under above-mentioned (i) or mode (ii), straight line also can broaden through the ranges of incidence angles of light quantity smaller or equal to setting.In view of the above, owing to the light scattering strongly of the contrast of the display device direction smaller, so can more effectively obtain action effect of the present invention than light ratio contrast big, the relative broad range direction.

In addition, with regard to the anisotropic scattering film, above-mentioned straight line sees through the direction of light quantity minimum and the axial angulation of scattering center axle is preferably spent near 0.In addition, the minimum value that above-mentioned straight line sees through light quantity is preferably below peaked 50% or 50% through among the figure (for example, with reference to Fig. 5) of light quantity at expression incident angle-straight line, and better below 30% or 30%, the best is below 20% or 20%.

The aforementioned display device part is liquid crystal display device preferably.Thus, the slim lightweight and the low power consumption of display device can be realized, simultaneously, the view angle dependency of the contrast ratio of liquid crystal display device can be improved in the orientation of broad.

Above-mentioned liquid crystal display device preferably has and comprises the liquid crystal cells that is clamped in the liquid crystal between a pair of substrate and comprise support film and the polarization plate of polarization element.Liquid crystal display device with this mode is found the view angle dependency of contrast ratio at least because the polarized light absorption characteristic of the refractive index anisotropy of liquid crystal or polarization plate and polarized light see through characteristic.Therefore, dispose above-mentioned anisotropic scattering film, thereby can improve the view angle dependency of the contrast ratio of liquid crystal display device in the orientation of broad by sightingpiston side at this liquid crystal display device.

Mode as above-mentioned liquid crystal cells is not particularly limited, and for example has the mode that is clamped in the liquid crystal between thin-film transistor array base-plate and the color filter substrate.In addition, mode as above-mentioned polarization plate, be not particularly limited, for example the mode that comprises by the order of polarization element, support film from liquid crystal cell side, the mode that comprises by the order of support film, polarization element from liquid crystal cell side, the mode that comprises by the order of the 1st support film, polarization element, the 2nd support film from liquid crystal cell side.As above-mentioned support film, can use the film the same with the transparent base of anisotropic scattering film.In addition, above-mentioned polarization plate is configured in the sightingpiston side and the rear side both sides of liquid crystal cells usually, but also can only be configured in the sightingpiston side, or only is disposed at rear side.Above-mentioned polarization plate preferably also comprises phase-contrast film.Thus, also can further improve the view angle dependencies such as colourity of liquid crystal display device.

In addition, display mode as above-mentioned liquid crystal display device, be not particularly limited, for example VA (Vertical Alignment) pattern, TN (Twisted Nematic) pattern, IPS (In-Plane Switching) pattern or OCB (Optically CompensatedBirefrignence) pattern.

So-called VA pattern is that liquid crystal molecule is not approximately perpendicular to the real estate orientation when applying voltage, by applying voltage liquid crystal molecule is fallen down, the mode that shows thus.As the VA pattern, projection structure and/or crack for example are set on substrate, liquid crystal cells is divided into MVA (the Multi-domain Vertical Alignment: the multidomain vertical orientation technology) pattern etc. in a plurality of territories.In addition, in the liquid crystal display device of VA pattern, liquid crystal preferably has negative dielectric constant anisotropy.

So-called TN pattern is that the major axis of liquid crystal molecule is not roughly parallel to real estate and is orientated continuously with predetermined angular (torsion angle) between a pair of substrate with reversing when applying voltage, by applying voltage, it is parallel with direction of an electric field to be arranged in major axis again, the mode that shows thus.In addition, the TN pattern is not only the common TN patterns that torsion angle is 90 degree, also comprises the STN patterns etc. of torsion angle more than or equal to 180 degree.In addition, in the liquid crystal display device of TN pattern, liquid crystal preferably has positive dielectric constant anisotropy.

So-called IPS pattern be utilize put on be arranged on a comb poles in the substrate to transverse electric field, the mode that makes liquid crystal in real estate, rotate and show.Have at liquid crystal molecule under the situation of negative dielectric constant anisotropy, when not applying voltage, the major axis of liquid crystal molecule is disposed at the direction of the broach direction that is approximately perpendicular to comb poles, by applying voltage, rotate to the direction of the broach direction that is roughly parallel to comb poles.In addition, have at liquid crystal molecule under the situation of positive dielectric constant anisotropy, when not applying voltage, the major axis of liquid crystal molecule is disposed at the direction of the broach direction that is roughly parallel to comb poles, by applying voltage, rotate to the direction of the broach direction that is approximately perpendicular to comb poles.In addition, when not applying voltage, positive and negative irrelevant with the dielectric constant anisotropy of liquid crystal molecule, the polarizing axis that the major axis of liquid crystal molecule is roughly parallel to a real estate and a polarization element disposes.

So-called ocb mode is to implement to use phase-contrast film to carry out the mode of three-dimensional optical compensation in the orientation structure (curved orientation) of optics complementation on the thickness direction of liquid crystal.

In addition, display mode at liquid crystal display device is under the situation of VA pattern, TN pattern or ocb mode, the anisotropic scattering film preferably was configured to when black the demonstration, and axially being roughly parallel to of scattering center axle is positioned near the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecule the thickness of liquid crystal layer direction center.In addition, be under the situation of IPS pattern at the display mode of liquid crystal display device, the anisotropic scattering film preferably was configured to when black the demonstration, and axially being approximately perpendicular to of scattering center axle is positioned near the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecule the thickness of liquid crystal layer direction center.According to these forms, configuration anisotropic scattering film makes the direction of principal axis of scattering center axle when deceiving demonstration and the minimum direction approximate vertical of shiny black degree of liquid crystal display device, and can reduce the scattered light from the higher direction of shiny black degree.Thus, the reduction of maximum-contrast ratio can be suppressed to Min..

According to display device of the present invention, the essential structure of not design alteration display device does not damage the demonstration grade of the bigger direction of contrast, is not limited to white show state or black show state, can improve the view angle dependency of contrast ratio in the orientation of broad.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 (a) is the strabismus mode figure of the scattering properties of the expression anisotropic scattering film that constitutes display device of the present invention.In (a), P represents that incident angle is the direction of 0 degree, and S represents the scattering center axle, and it is direction and scattering center axle axial consistent of 0 degree that P (S) expression makes incident angle.In addition, extend to the arrow length of hanging mitriform curved surface (dotted line the figure) from the intersection point of scattering center axle and anisotropic scattering film and represent that the straight line of all directions sees through the size of light quantity.(b) be from top view (a) the regulation straight line see through light quantity hang the mitriform curved surface time plane model figure.

Fig. 2 A is the strabismus mode figure of the structure of expression the 1st anisotropic scattering film (anisotropic scattering layer) that constitutes display device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 B is the strabismus mode figure of the structure of expression the 2nd anisotropic scattering film (anisotropic scattering layer) that constitutes display device of the present invention.Dotted line among the figure is represented the pellicular front normal direction of the 2nd anisotropic scattering film.

Fig. 2 C is the strabismus mode figure of the structure of expression the 3rd anisotropic scattering film (anisotropic scattering layer) that constitutes display device of the present invention.Dotted line among the figure is represented the pellicular front normal direction of the 3rd anisotropic scattering film.

Fig. 3 is that the contrast axial, display device of the scattering center axle of the anisotropic scattering film in the expression display device of the present invention compares the key diagram of the relation of maximum direction and normal direction.

Fig. 4 is the strabismus mode figure of assay method of the scattering properties of expression scattering film.

Fig. 5 A be expression with regard to the 1st anisotropic scattering film, with two orthogonal turning axles be incident angle and the figure of straight line under the situation about being rotated of center through the relation of light quantity.

Fig. 5 B be expression with regard to the 2nd anisotropic scattering film, with two orthogonal turning axles be incident angle and the figure of straight line under the situation about being rotated of center through the relation of light quantity.

Fig. 5 C be expression with regard to the 3rd anisotropic scattering film, with two orthogonal turning axles be incident angle and the figure of straight line under the situation about being rotated of center through the relation of light quantity.In addition, among the figure, X represents this relation in the extension orientation (the axle orientation of scattering center axle) of bar-shaped consolidation zone.Y represents perpendicular to this relation in the orientation in the extension orientation of bar-shaped consolidation zone.

Fig. 6 is the strabismus mode figure of formation of the VA mode LCD of the expression embodiment of the invention 1.

Fig. 7 is the strabismus mode figure of formation of the VA mode LCD of the expression embodiment of the invention 2.

Fig. 8 is the strabismus mode figure of formation of the VA mode LCD of the expression embodiment of the invention 3.

Fig. 9 is the strabismus mode figure of formation of the VA mode LCD of the expression embodiment of the invention 4.

Figure 10 is the strabismus mode figure of formation of the VA mode LCD of the expression embodiment of the invention 5.

Figure 11 is the strabismus mode figure of formation of the VA mode LCD of the expression embodiment of the invention 6.

Figure 12 is the strabismus mode figure of formation of the VA mode LCD of the expression embodiment of the invention 7.

Figure 13 is the strabismus mode figure of formation of the TN mode LCD of the expression embodiment of the invention 8.

Figure 14 is the strabismus mode figure of formation of the IPS mode LCD of the expression embodiment of the invention 9.

Figure 15 be expression with regard to the isotropic scatterning film, with two orthogonal turning axles be incident angle and the figure of straight line under the situation about being rotated of center through the relation of light quantity.

Figure 16 be expression with regard to the 4th anisotropic scattering film, with two orthogonal turning axles be incident angle and the figure of straight line under the situation about being rotated of center through the relation of light quantity.

Figure 17 (a) is the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of the expression embodiment of the invention 1 and the position angle φ of liquid crystal indicator=45 degree, 225 are spent compares.(b) be the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of the expression embodiment of the invention 1 and the position angle φ of liquid crystal indicator=135 degree, 315 degree compares.(c) be the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of the expression embodiment of the invention 1 and the polar angle Θ of liquid crystal indicator=40 degree compares.Dotted line is represented the characteristic of liquid crystal display device, and solid line is represented the characteristic of liquid crystal indicator.

Figure 18 (a) is the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of the expression embodiment of the invention 2 and the position angle φ of liquid crystal indicator=45 degree, 225 are spent compares.(b) be the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of the expression embodiment of the invention 2 and the position angle φ of liquid crystal indicator=135 degree, 315 degree compares.(c) be the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of the expression embodiment of the invention 2 and the polar angle Θ of liquid crystal indicator=40 degree compares.Dotted line is represented the characteristic of liquid crystal display device, and solid line is represented the characteristic of liquid crystal indicator.

Figure 19 (a) is the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of the expression embodiment of the invention 3 and the position angle φ of liquid crystal indicator=45 degree, 225 are spent compares.(b) be the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of the expression embodiment of the invention 3 and the position angle φ of liquid crystal indicator=135 degree, 315 degree compares.(c) be the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of the expression embodiment of the invention 3 and the polar angle Θ of liquid crystal indicator=40 degree compares.Dotted line is represented the characteristic of liquid crystal display device, and solid line is represented the characteristic of liquid crystal indicator.

Figure 20 (a) is the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of the expression embodiment of the invention 4 and the position angle φ of liquid crystal indicator=45 degree, 225 are spent compares.(b) be the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of the expression embodiment of the invention 4 and the position angle φ of liquid crystal indicator=135 degree, 315 degree compares.(c) be the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of the expression embodiment of the invention 4 and the polar angle Θ of liquid crystal indicator=40 degree compares.Dotted line is represented the characteristic of liquid crystal display device, and solid line is represented the characteristic of liquid crystal indicator.

Figure 21 (a) is the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of the expression embodiment of the invention 5 and the position angle φ of liquid crystal indicator=45 degree, 225 are spent compares.(b) be the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of the expression embodiment of the invention 5 and the position angle φ of liquid crystal indicator=135 degree, 315 degree compares.(c) be the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of the expression embodiment of the invention 5 and the polar angle Θ of liquid crystal indicator=40 degree compares.Dotted line is represented the characteristic of liquid crystal display device, and solid line is represented the characteristic of liquid crystal indicator.

Figure 22 (a) is the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of the expression embodiment of the invention 6 and the position angle φ of liquid crystal indicator=45 degree, 225 are spent compares.(b) be the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of the expression embodiment of the invention 6 and the position angle φ of liquid crystal indicator=135 degree, 315 degree compares.(c) be the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of the expression embodiment of the invention 6 and the polar angle Θ of liquid crystal indicator=40 degree compares.In addition, dotted line is represented the characteristic of liquid crystal display device, and solid line is represented the characteristic of liquid crystal indicator.

Figure 23 (a) is the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of the expression embodiment of the invention 7 and the position angle φ of liquid crystal indicator=45 degree, 225 are spent compares.(b) be the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of the expression embodiment of the invention 7 and the position angle φ of liquid crystal indicator=135 degree, 315 degree compares.(c) be the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of the expression embodiment of the invention 7 and the polar angle Θ of liquid crystal indicator=40 degree compares.In addition, dotted line is represented the characteristic of liquid crystal display device, and solid line is represented the characteristic of liquid crystal indicator.

Figure 24 (a) is the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the TN mode liquid crystal display device of the expression embodiment of the invention 8 and the position angle φ of liquid crystal indicator=0 degree, 180 are spent compares.(b) be the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of the expression embodiment of the invention 8 and the position angle φ of liquid crystal indicator=90 degree, 270 degree compares.(c) be the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the TN mode liquid crystal display device of the expression embodiment of the invention 8 and the polar angle Θ of liquid crystal indicator=40 degree compares.Dotted line is represented the characteristic of liquid crystal display device, and solid line is represented the characteristic of liquid crystal indicator.

Figure 25 (a) is the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the IPS mode liquid crystal display device of the expression embodiment of the invention 9 and the position angle φ of liquid crystal indicator=45 degree, 225 are spent compares.(b) be the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the IPS mode liquid crystal display device of the expression embodiment of the invention 9 and the position angle φ of liquid crystal indicator=135 degree, 315 degree compares.(c) be the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the IPS mode liquid crystal display device of the expression embodiment of the invention 9 and the polar angle Θ of liquid crystal indicator=40 degree compares.Dotted line is represented the characteristic of liquid crystal display device, and solid line is represented the characteristic of liquid crystal indicator.

Figure 26 (a) is the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the ocb mode liquid crystal display device of the expression embodiment of the invention 10 and the position angle φ of liquid crystal indicator=0 degree, 180 are spent compares.(b) be the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the ocb mode liquid crystal display device of the expression embodiment of the invention 10 and the position angle φ of liquid crystal indicator=90 degree, 270 degree compares.(c) be the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the ocb mode liquid crystal display device of the expression embodiment of the invention 10 and the polar angle Θ of liquid crystal indicator=40 degree compares.Dotted line is represented the characteristic of liquid crystal display device, and solid line is represented the characteristic of liquid crystal indicator.

Figure 27 (a) is the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of expression comparative example 1 and the position angle φ of liquid crystal indicator=45 degree, 225 are spent compares.(b) be the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of expression comparative example 1 and the position angle φ of liquid crystal indicator=135 degree, 315 degree compares.(c) be the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of expression comparative example 1 and the polar angle Θ of liquid crystal indicator=40 degree compares.Dotted line is represented the characteristic of liquid crystal display device, and solid line is represented the characteristic of liquid crystal indicator.

Figure 28 (a) is the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of expression comparative example 2 and the position angle φ of liquid crystal indicator=45 degree, 225 are spent compares.(b) be the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of expression comparative example 2 and the position angle φ of liquid crystal indicator=135 degree, 315 degree compares.(c) be the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of expression comparative example 2 and the polar angle Θ of liquid crystal indicator=40 degree compares.Dotted line is represented the characteristic of liquid crystal display device, and solid line is represented the characteristic of liquid crystal indicator.

Figure 29 (a) is the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of expression comparative example 3 and the position angle φ of liquid crystal indicator=45 degree, 225 are spent compares.(b) be the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of expression comparative example 3 and the position angle φ of liquid crystal indicator=135 degree, 315 degree compares.(c) be the dependent figure of polar angle that the contrast under the VA mode liquid crystal display device of expression comparative example 3 and the polar angle Θ of liquid crystal indicator=40 degree compares.Dotted line is represented the characteristic of liquid crystal display device, and solid line is represented the characteristic of liquid crystal indicator.

Figure 30 is the strabismus mode figure of the structure of the existing anisotropic scattering film of expression.

Figure 31 is the mode chart of the scattering properties of the existing anisotropic scattering film of expression.

Embodiment

Embodiment is described below, the present invention is described in further detail, but the present invention is not limited only to these embodiment.

1. the making of liquid crystal indicator

＜embodiment 1 〉

(making of the 1st anisotropic scattering film)

At first, using divider (dispenser) is polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film (trade name: コ ス モ シ ヤ イ Application (registered trademark) of 75 μ m, 76 * 26mm size to thickness, piece number: A4300, Japan weaving society system) edge part sprays after the aqueous resin, make this aqueous resin solidification, forming thus highly is the next door of 0.2mm.Then, after the following optical polymerism constituent of forming that in by the next door area surrounded, drips, cover with another PET film.

" composition of optical polymerism constituent "

2-(perfluoro capryl)-ethyl propylene acid esters 50 weight portions

1,9-nonanediol diacrylate 50 weight portions

2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propane-1-ketone 4 weight portions

Afterwards, for by PET film clamping upper and lower surface, thickness is the liquid film of 0.2mm, is 30mW/cm from the reflection of UV hot spot light source (trade name: L2859-01, creek pine ホ ト ニ Network ス society system) with one minute exposure intensity of illumination unit vertical irradiation ²Ultraviolet ray, obtain the 1st anisotropic scattering film with a plurality of bar-shaped tiny areas shown in Figure 2.

(mensuration of the scattering properties of the 1st anisotropic scattering film)

Fig. 4 is the strabismus mode figure of assay method of the anisotropic scattering characteristic of expression the 1st anisotropic scattering film.

According to method shown in Figure 4, by being that turning axle makes test film rotation with the prescribed direction, thereby the normal direction that not only can measure optical axis and test face when consistent the straight line of (incident angle is the situation of 0 degree) see through light quantity, also can measure optical axis with the normal direction of test face when inconsistent the straight line of (incident angle is the situation beyond 0 degree) through light quantity.Particularly, at first, use goniophotometer (go ニ オ Off オ ト メ one one) (trade name: automatic goniophotometer GP-5, society of color technical institute system in the village), as shown in Figure 4, at the stationkeeping photographic department of accepting from the straight line light of light source (not shown) 30, the sampling holder (not shown) between light source and photographic department 30 is gone up assembling the 1st anisotropic scattering film 10.Afterwards, as shown in Figure 4, the limit is turning axle (L) with the short side direction of sampling, making sampling rotation (below be also referred to as ' rotation of minor face axle '), and straight line corresponding to each incident angle is measured through light quantity in the limit.Afterwards, the limit is turning axle (M) with the long side direction of sampling, making sampling rotation (below be also referred to as ' the axle rotation of long limit '), and the straight line that the limit is measured corresponding to each incident angle sees through light quantity.

Fig. 5 A is that expression is the incident angle of center when being rotated and the graph of a relation of straight line through light quantity with regard to the 1st anisotropic scattering film, with above-mentioned two turning axles.Solid line among the figure is represented the situation of minor face axle rotation, and dotted line is represented the situation of long limit axle rotation.In addition, the direction of the positive negative indication rotation of incident angle is opposite.

From Fig. 5 A as can be known, under the situation that situation and long limit axle that the minor face axle rotates rotate, the 1st anisotropic scattering film illustrates roughly symmetrical anisotropic scattering characteristic for comprise the deep valley shape of hill at incident angle 0 degree place.In addition, the 1st anisotropic scattering film illustrates roughly the same anisotropic scattering characteristic under situation that the minor face axle rotates and the situation of growing limit axle rotation as can be known.Know also that thus the 1st anisotropic scattering film has the scattering center axle on the normal direction of pellicular front.In addition, the straight line rate of change that sees through light quantity is 0.90 under the situation of the situation of minor face axle rotation and the axle rotation of long limit.

(making of liquid crystal indicator)

Fig. 6 is the strabismus mode figure of formation of the VA mode LCD 100a of the expression embodiment of the invention 1.In addition, the relativenesses such as applying direction of principal axis of each film as shown in Figure 6.

At first, the birefringence n of liquid crystal material and the relation of element thickness d are adjusted into Δ nd=300nm, the well azimuth with liquid crystal molecule when applying voltage is divided into 4 orientation such as 45 degree, 135 degree, 225 degree and 315 degree, trial-production VA mode liquid crystal unit 11a.Afterwards, make the 1st phase-contrast film 12a fit in the backlight side of VA mode liquid crystal unit 11a, the support film that makes VA mode liquid crystal unit 11a side again is that the 1st polarization plate 13a of TAC (triacetyl cellulose) film fits in the backlight side of the 1st phase-contrast film 12a and the sightingpiston side of VA mode liquid crystal unit 11a, constitutes VA mode liquid crystal device 15a.Then, make the 1st anisotropic scattering film 10a be fitted in the sightingpiston side of VA mode liquid crystal display device 15a, constitute VA mode LCD 100a.

The normal direction of the pellicular front of the 1st anisotropic scattering film 10a is consistent with the normal direction of the sightingpiston of VA mode liquid crystal display device 15a.In addition, the phase differential of the 1st phase-contrast film 12a is Re=3nm, Rth=250nm.In with the face in three principal refractive indexs of indicatrix two principal refractive indexs be defined as nx, ny (nx 〉=ny) is defined as nz with a principal refractive index of normal direction, and when the thickness of phase-contrast film was defined as d, above-mentioned Re was represented by following formula (1):

Re＝(nx-ny)×d (1)

When with above-mentioned the same when defining nx, ny, nz and d, Rth is represented by following formula (2):

Rth＝(nx-nz)×d (2)

The computing method of Re and Rth are all the same in each following embodiment, each comparative example.In addition, the performance that constitutes the polarization element of the 1st polarization plate 13a is that parallel transmitance is 36.25%, the quadrature transmitance is 0.005%, polarization luminosity is 99.99%.

＜embodiment 2 〉

Fig. 7 is the strabismus mode figure of formation of the VA mode LCD 100a of the expression embodiment of the invention 2.Relativenesses such as the applying direction of principal axis of each film as shown in Figure 7.

At first, sightingpiston side at the VA mode liquid crystal unit 11a that manufactures experimently by embodiment 1, the support film of applying VA mode liquid crystal unit 11a side is the 2nd polarization plate 13b of the 2nd phase-contrast film 12b, in the backlight side, the support film of applying VA mode liquid crystal unit 11a side is the 3rd polarization plate 13c of the 3rd phase-contrast film 12c, constitutes VA mode liquid crystal device 15a.Then, make the 1st anisotropic scattering film 10a the same be fitted in the sightingpiston side of VA mode liquid crystal display device 15a, constitute VA mode LCD 100a with embodiment 1.

The normal direction of the pellicular front of the 1st anisotropic scattering film 10a is consistent with the normal direction of the sightingpiston of VA mode liquid crystal display device 15a.In addition, the phase differential of the 2nd phase-contrast film 12b is Re=140nm, Rth=138nm.The phase differential of the 3rd phase-contrast film 12c is Re=2nm, Rth=190nm.The performance of polarization element 3a is the same with the polarization element of embodiment 1.

＜embodiment 3 〉

Fig. 8 is the strabismus mode figure of formation of the VA mode LCD 100a of the expression embodiment of the invention 3.Relativenesses such as the applying direction of principal axis of each film as shown in Figure 8.

At first; backlight side at the VA mode liquid crystal unit 11a that manufactures experimently by embodiment 1; the 4th phase-contrast film 12d fits; protective film in the sightingpiston side applying VA mode liquid crystal unit 11a side of the backlight side of the 4th phase-contrast film 12d and VA mode liquid crystal unit 11a is the 1st polarization plate 13a of TAC film again, constitutes VA mode liquid crystal device 15a.Then, make the 1st anisotropic scattering film 10a the same be fitted in the sightingpiston side of VA mode liquid crystal display device 15a, constitute VA mode LCD 100a with embodiment 1.

The normal direction of the pellicular front of the 1st anisotropic scattering film 10a is consistent with the normal direction of the sightingpiston of VA mode liquid crystal display device 15a.In addition, the phase differential of the 4th phase-contrast film 12d is Re=50nm, Rth=220nm.In addition, the performance of the 1st polarization plate 13a is the same with embodiment 1.

＜embodiment 4 〉

The formation of the liquid crystal indicator of present embodiment is except that using the 2nd anisotropic scattering film to replace the 1st anisotropic scattering film, and is identical with embodiment 3.

(making of the 2nd anisotropic scattering film)

Except the reflection from UV hot spot light source (trade name: L2859-01, creek pine ホ ト ニ Network ス society system) is 30mW/cm with illumination unit, from the one minute exposure intensity of angular illumination with vertical direction inclination 15 degree ²Ultraviolet ray beyond, other method for makings with the 1st anisotropic scattering film are the same.Thus, obtain the 2nd anisotropic scattering film.With regard to the 2nd anisotropic scattering film,, then confirm the bar-shaped consolidation zone 20 that exists normal direction inclination 15 degree shown in Fig. 2 B and pellicular front to extend if use the microscopic examination cross section.

(mensuration of the scattering properties of the 2nd anisotropic scattering film)

Fig. 5 B is to be the center incident angle and the graph of a relation of straight line through light quantity in when rotation with regard to the 2nd anisotropic scattering film, with above-mentioned two turning axles.Solid line among the figure is represented the situation (is the situation of center rotation with the turning axle that is parallel to the orientation vertical with the extension orientation of bar-shaped consolidation zone 20) of minor face axle rotation, and dotted line is represented the situation (turning axle with the extension orientation that is parallel to bar-shaped consolidation zone 20 is the situation of center rotation) of long limit axle rotation.In addition, the direction of the positive negative indication rotation of incident angle is opposite.

After the same scattering properties of measuring the 2nd anisotropic scattering film, from Fig. 5 B as can be known, with regard to the extension orientation of bar-shaped consolidation zone 20, be that 15 degree places are the deep valley shape that comprises hill in incident angle with the 1st anisotropic scattering film.In addition, with regard to regard to the orientation in the extension orientation of bar-shaped consolidation zone 20, incident angle is that 0 degree is the darkest paddy shape as can be known.Therefore, the 2nd anisotropic scattering film 10b has the scattering center axle on the direction consistent with the bearing of trend of bar-shaped consolidation zone 20 as can be known, normal direction inclination 15 degree of scattering center axle relative thin face.

(making of liquid crystal indicator)

Fig. 9 is the strabismus mode figure of formation of the VA mode LCD 100a of the expression embodiment of the invention 4.Relativenesses such as the applying direction of principal axis of each film as shown in Figure 9.

Remove the 2nd anisotropic scattering film 10b that fits and replace the 1st anisotropic scattering film 108, the axle orientation that makes this scattering center axle is outside backlight lateral observation face side is pointed to the orientation that the position angle is 45 degree, and other are identical with embodiment 3.

＜embodiment 5 〉

The formation of the liquid crystal indicator of present embodiment is except that using the 3rd anisotropic scattering film to replace the 1st anisotropic scattering film, and other are identical with embodiment 3.

(making of the 3rd anisotropic scattering film)

Except the reflection from UV hot spot light source (trade name: L2859-01, creek pine ホ ト ニ Network ス society system) is 30mW/cm with illumination unit, from the one minute exposure intensity of angular illumination with vertical direction inclination 30 degree ²Ultraviolet ray beyond, other method for makings with the 1st anisotropic scattering film are the same.Thus, obtain the 3rd anisotropic scattering film.In addition, with regard to the 3rd anisotropic scattering film,, then confirm the bar-shaped consolidation zone 20 that exists normal direction inclination 30 degree shown in Fig. 2 C and pellicular front to extend if use the microscopic examination cross section.

(mensuration of the scattering properties of the 3rd anisotropic scattering film)

Fig. 5 C is to be the center incident angle and the graph of a relation of straight line through light quantity in when rotation with regard to the 3rd anisotropic scattering film, with the extension orientation that is parallel to bar-shaped consolidation zone 20 and two turning axles that are parallel to vertical with it orientation.

After the same scattering properties of measuring the 3rd anisotropic scattering film, from Fig. 5 C as can be known, with regard to the extension orientation of bar-shaped consolidation zone 20, be the deep valley shape that comprises hill at incident angle 30 degree places with the 1st anisotropic scattering film.In addition, with regard to regard to the orientation in the extension orientation of bar-shaped consolidation zone 20, incident angle 0 degree is the darkest paddy shape as can be known.Therefore, the 3rd anisotropic scattering film 10c has the scattering center axle on the direction consistent with the bearing of trend of bar-shaped consolidation zone 20 as can be known, normal direction inclination 30 degree of scattering center axle relative thin face.

(making of liquid crystal indicator)

Figure 10 is the strabismus mode figure of formation of the VA mode LCD 100a of the expression embodiment of the invention 5.In addition, the relativenesses such as applying direction of principal axis of each film as shown in figure 10.

Remove the 3rd anisotropic scattering film 10c that fits and replace the 1st anisotropic scattering film 10a, the axle orientation that makes this scattering center axle is outside backlight lateral observation face side is pointed to the orientation that the position angle is 45 degree, and other are identical with embodiment 3.

＜embodiment 6 〉

Figure 11 is the strabismus mode figure of formation of the VA mode LCD 100a of the expression embodiment of the invention 6.Relativenesses such as the applying direction of principal axis of each film as shown in figure 11.

At first, sightingpiston side at the VA mode liquid crystal unit 11a that manufactures experimently by embodiment 1, the support film of applying VA mode liquid crystal unit 11a side is the 5th polarization plate 13e of the 5th phase-contrast film 12e, in the backlight side, the support film of applying VA mode liquid crystal unit 11a side is the 6th polarization plate 13f of the 6th phase-contrast film 12f, constitutes VA mode liquid crystal device 15a.Then, make the 1st anisotropic scattering film 10a the same be fitted in the sightingpiston side of VA mode liquid crystal display device 15a, constitute VA mode LCD 100a with embodiment 1.

The normal direction of the pellicular front of the 1st anisotropic scattering film 10a is consistent with the normal direction of the sightingpiston of VA mode liquid crystal display device 15a.In addition, the phase differential of the 5th and the 6th phase-contrast film 12e and 12f is Re=60nm, Rth=90nm.In addition, the performance of polarization element 3a is the same with the polarization element of embodiment 1.

＜embodiment 7 〉

Figure 12 is the strabismus mode figure of formation of the VA mode LCD 100a of the expression embodiment of the invention 7.Relativenesses such as the applying direction of principal axis of each film as shown in figure 12.

At first, sightingpiston side at the VA mode liquid crystal unit 11a that manufactures experimently by embodiment 1, the support film of applying VA mode liquid crystal unit 11a side is the 7th polarization plate 13g of the 7th phase-contrast film 12g, in the backlight side, the support film of applying VA mode liquid crystal unit 11a side is the 8th polarization plate 13h of the 8th phase-contrast film 12h, constitutes VA mode liquid crystal device 15a.Then, make the 1st anisotropic scattering film 10a the same be fitted in the sightingpiston side of VA mode liquid crystal display device 15a, constitute VA mode LCD 100a with embodiment 1.

The normal direction of the pellicular front of the 1st anisotropic scattering film 10a is consistent with the normal direction of the sightingpiston of VA mode liquid crystal display device 15a.In addition, the phase differential of the 7th phase-contrast film 12g is Re=90nm, Rth=100nm.The phase differential of the 8th phase-contrast film 12h is Re=3nm, Rth=100nm.The performance of polarization element 3a is the same with the polarization element of embodiment 1.

＜embodiment 8 〉

Figure 13 is the strabismus mode figure of formation of the TN mode LCD 100b of the expression embodiment of the invention 8.Relativenesses such as the applying direction of principal axis of each film as shown in figure 13.

At first, trial-production is adjusted into the relation of the birefringence n of liquid crystal material and element thickness d the TN mode liquid crystal unit 11b of Δ nd=350nm, polarization plate (trade name: the polarization plate NWF-KDEG of band vision compensation film, day Dong Diangongshe system) 13i at its two outsides applying bandwidth visual field (wideview:WV) film 4 constitutes TN mode liquid crystal device 15b.Then, make the 1st anisotropic scattering film 10a the same be fitted in the sightingpiston side of TN mode liquid crystal display device 15b, constitute TN mode LCD 100b with embodiment 1.

The normal direction of the pellicular front of the 1st anisotropic scattering film 10a is consistent with the normal direction of the sightingpiston of TN mode liquid crystal display device 15b.In addition, the performance of polarization plate 13i is that parallel transmitance is 36.10%, the quadrature transmitance is 0.005%, polarization luminosity is 99.99%.

＜embodiment 9 〉

Figure 14 is the strabismus mode figure of formation of the IPS mode LCD 100c of the expression embodiment of the invention 9.Relativenesses such as the applying direction of principal axis of each film as shown in figure 14.

At first, peel off the sightingpiston side of the IPS mode liquid crystal TV (trade name: TH-26LX50, Matsushita Electric Industries industry society system) that is fitted in sale and the polarization plate on the backlight side, prepare IPS mode liquid crystal unit 11c.Then, make the 9th phase-contrast film 12j be fitted in the backlight side of IPS mode liquid crystal unit 11c, make the 9th polarization plate 13i be fitted in the backlight side of the 9th phase-contrast film 12j and the sightingpiston side of IPS mode liquid crystal unit 11c again, constitute IPS mode liquid crystal device 15c.Then, make the 1st anisotropic scattering film 10a the same be fitted in the sightingpiston side of IPS mode liquid crystal display device 15c, constitute IPS mode LCD 100c with embodiment 1.

The normal direction of the pellicular front of the 1st anisotropic scattering film 10a is consistent with the normal direction of the sightingpiston of IPS mode liquid crystal display device 15c.In addition, the phase differential of the 9th phase-contrast film 12j is Re=140nm, Rth=45nm.The performance of the 9th polarization plate 13i is that parallel transmitance is 35.95%, the quadrature transmitance is 0.004%, polarization luminosity is 99.99%.

＜embodiment 10 〉

Peel off the part of polarization plate of backlight side of the ocb mode liquid crystal TV (trade name: VT23XD1, Na Na オ society system) of sale, be fitted in the sightingpiston side, constitute the ocb mode liquid crystal device.Then, make the 1st anisotropic scattering film 10a be fitted in the sightingpiston side of this liquid crystal display device, constitute the ocb mode liquid crystal display device.

The normal direction of the pellicular front of the 1st anisotropic scattering film 10a is consistent with the normal direction of the sightingpiston of ocb mode liquid crystal display device.In addition, the performance of the part polarization plate of being stripped from is that parallel transmitance is 36.30%, the quadrature transmitance is 0.005%, polarization luminosity is 99.99%.

＜comparative example 1 〉

(making of isotropic scatterning film)

's the UV coating of the following prescription of coating on 75 microns the single face of PET film (trade name: コ ス モ シ ヤ イ Application (registered trademark), piece number: A4300, Japan weaving society system) with foundry pig at thickness.Afterwards, dry, UV irradiation (curing) has been coated with the film of UV coating, obtains having the isotropic scatterning film that thickness is about 3 microns coating layer.

" UV coating "

UV gel-type resin (trade name: PVC-system セ Star ト (registered trademark) 575CB, nonvolatile component 100%, waste Chuan Huaxuegongyeshe system) 98 weight portions

Polystyrene system particulate (trade name: SX350H, mean grain size: 3.5 microns, combine the chemical society system of grinding) 12 weight portions

MIBK (methyl isobutyl ketone) 100 weight portions

(mensuration of the scattering properties of isotropic scatterning film)

Assay method is the same with the 1st anisotropic scattering film.Figure 15 illustrates the scattering properties of isotropic scatterning film.Under the situation of isotropic scatterning film, as shown in figure 15, the curve of the incident angle dependency of expression scattering properties is the convex shape in center for spending with incident angle 0.This is that then the distance by film is big more because incident angle is big more.

The direction of the positive negative indication rotation of incident angle is opposite.

(making of liquid crystal indicator)

In the sightingpiston side of the VA mode liquid crystal display device 15a that is manufactured experimently by embodiment 1, the turbidity that applying is measured by nephelometer (trade name: NDH-2000, Japanese electric look industrial society system) is 30% isotropic scatterning film, constitutes the VA mode LCD.Except that using the isotropic scatterning film to replace the 1st anisotropic scattering film, other are the same with embodiment 1.

＜comparative example 2 〉

(making of liquid crystal indicator)

In the sightingpiston side of the VA mode liquid crystal display device 15a that is manufactured experimently by embodiment 3, applying viewing angle control film (goods name: Le ミ ス テ イ-(registration goods), piece number: MFX-2020, Sumitomo Chemical society system) constitutes the VA mode LCD.Except that using Le ミ ス テ イ-(registered trademark) to replace the 1st anisotropic scattering film, other are the same with embodiment 3.

＜comparative example 3 〉

(making of the 4th anisotropic scattering film)

From the length of illumination that is disposed on the direction with the long limit quadrature of PET film is the wire UV light source (trade name: Ha Application デ イ UV device HUV-1000 of 125nm, Japan UV マ シ-Application (machine) society system), the optical polymerism constituent vertical irradiation exposure intensity under the state that is clamped in the PET film identical with the 1st anisotropic scattering film and the ultraviolet ray of the 1st anisotropic scattering film obtain the 4th anisotropic scattering film shown in Figure 30, that have the refractive index plate like region different with the neighboring area 40.

(mensuration of the scattering properties of the 4th anisotropic scattering film)

With regard to the 4th anisotropic scattering film, use goniophotometer (trade name: goniophotometer GP-5 automatically, society of color technical institute system in the village), with the 1st the anisotropic scattering film is the same measures.Figure 16 illustrates the scattering properties of the 4th anisotropic scattering film.Solid line among the figure is represented the situation of minor face axle rotation, and dotted line is represented the situation of long limit axle rotation.In addition, the direction of the positive negative indication rotation of incident angle is opposite.

As shown in figure 16, the 4th anisotropic scattering film is under the situation of minor face axle rotation, for with the 1st anisotropic scattering film similarly, comprise the deep valley shape of hill at incident angle 0 degree place, roughly symmetrical anisotropic scattering characteristic is shown, under the situation of long limit axle rotation, change incident angle, straight line through the also indeclinable basically isotropic scatterning characteristic of light quantity even if illustrate.The rate of change that straight line sees through light quantity is 0.90 under the situation of minor face axle rotation, is 0 under the situation of long limit axle rotation.

(making of liquid crystal indicator)

In the sightingpiston side of the VA mode liquid crystal display device 15a that is manufactured experimently by embodiment 6, the 4th anisotropic scattering film of fitting constitutes the VA mode LCD.Except that using the 4th anisotropic scattering film to replace the 1st anisotropic scattering film, other are the same with embodiment 6.

2. the mensuration of the optical characteristics of liquid crystal indicator

Liquid crystal indicator for embodiment 1～10 and comparative example 1～3, use angle of visibility determinator (trade name: EZContrast160R, 0), (gray-scale value: (gray-scale value: brightness under each visual angle 255) and colourity dependence during demonstration 128) and in vain when medium tone shows ELDIM society system), measures when carrying out black demonstrations of 256 gray scales when showing (gray-scale value:.Represent the visual angle with polar angle Θ and position angle φ.

The evaluation that the view angle dependency of＜contrast ratio improves 〉

In the liquid crystal display device and liquid crystal indicator of VA pattern and I PS pattern, estimate the polar angle dependence that the contrast under position angle φ=45,135,225,315 degree compares, in the liquid crystal display device and liquid crystal indicator of TN pattern and ocb mode, estimate the polar angle dependence that the contrast under position angle φ=0,90,180,270 degree compares.These position angles φ is the narrow position angle of angle of visibility under each display mode.In addition, estimate the position angle dependence that the contrast under polar angle Θ=40 degree compares.The contrast beguine during according to surveying and determination black show when (0) and white the demonstration brightness, the use following formula (3) under (255) obtain:

(contrast ratio)=(white display brightness)/(black display brightness) (3)

The view angle dependency that the VA mode liquid crystal display device of embodiment 1～10 and comparative example 1～3 and contrast of LCD degree compare is shown in Figure 17-29 (a)～(c).Solid line among each figure is represented contrast of LCD degree ratio, and dotted line is represented the contrast ratio of liquid crystal display device.

From (a)～(c) of Figure 17～29 as can be known, the contrast ratio of the VA mode liquid crystal display device of each embodiment and comparative example has view angle dependency.On the contrary, in the VA of embodiments of the invention 1～7 mode LCD, shown in (a)～(c) of Figure 17～23, the maximum-contrast that obtains under the frontal (polar angle Θ=0 degree) can not descend greatly than, has improved the view angle dependency that the contrast under narrow position angle φ=45,135,225,315 of angle of visibility are spent compares.But, in the VA of comparative example 1 mode LCD, shown in Figure 27 (a)～(c), though the maximum-contrast that obtains under the frontal can not descend greatly than, can not get basically under narrow position angle φ=45,135,225 of angle of visibility, 315 degree the view angle dependency that compares of contrast improve effect.In addition, the VA mode LCD of comparative example 2,3 only just can obtain the effect of improving of view angle dependency that contrast compares in specific orientation shown in Figure 28 and Figure 29 (a)～(c), and the maximum-contrast that obtains under the frontal is than descending.

The VA mode LCD of embodiment 3～5 remove the anisotropic scattering film the scattering center axle axially and the contrast of VA mode liquid crystal display device than maximum direction angulation be respectively 0 degree, 15 degree and 30 are outside one's consideration, other formations are identical.At this angulation is in the VA mode LCD of 30 embodiment 5 that spend, shown in Figure 21 (a)～(c), although the view angle dependency of contrast ratio improves under the orientation in the orientation of narrow position angle φ=45,135,225 of angle of visibility, 315 degree, as position angle φ=45 degree in the axle orientation of the scattering center axle of the 3rd anisotropic scattering film greatly, only improvement a little under the orientation of in addition position angle φ=135,225,315 degree.On the contrary, at this angulation is in the VA mode LCD of 15 degree or the embodiment 3 below 15 degree and 4, shown in Figure 19 and 20 (a)～(c), the view angle dependency of contrast ratio improves under whole orientation of narrow position angle φ=45,135,225 of angle of visibility, 315 degree.Especially be in the VA mode LCD of 0 embodiment 3 that spends at angulation, the decline of maximum-contrast ratio is little, has roughly improved the view angle dependency of contrast ratio under whole orientation of narrow position angle φ=45,135,225 of angle of visibility, 315 degree equably.Therefore, as can be known the scattering center axle of anisotropic scattering film axially and the contrast of liquid crystal display device is preferably 15 degree than maximum direction angulation or below 15 degree, the smaller the better.

In addition, with regard to the TN mode LCD of the embodiment of the invention 8, shown in Figure 24 (a)～(c), for the TN mode liquid crystal display device, substantially can not cause tilting the resulting maximum-contrast of 10 directions of spending than descending, improve the view angle dependency of the contrast ratio under narrow position angle φ=0,90,180,270 of angle of visibility is spent in the orientation of spending to position angle 180 from the normal direction of sightingpiston.

With regard to the IPS mode LCD of embodiments of the invention 9, shown in Figure 25 (a)～(c), for the IPS mode liquid crystal display device, the maximum-contrast that obtains under frontal (polar angle Θ=0 degree) can not descend greatly than, has improved the view angle dependency that the contrast under narrow position angle φ=45,135,225,315 of angle of visibility are spent compares.

With regard to the ocb mode liquid crystal display device of embodiment 10, shown in Figure 26 (a)～(c), for the ocb mode liquid crystal display device, the maximum-contrast that obtains under frontal (polar angle Θ=0 degree) can not descend greatly than, has improved the contrast ratio under narrow position angle φ=0,90,180,270 of angle of visibility is spent.

Be explained below.Shown in (a)～(c) of Figure 17～29, the contrast of VA pattern, IPS pattern and ocb mode liquid crystal display device is than the normal direction (frontal) at sightingpiston is maximum down respectively.In addition, maximum under the direction of the contrast of TN mode liquid crystal display device than 10 degree that tilt in normal direction from sightingpiston.In addition, liquid crystal indicator according to the embodiment of the invention 1～10, because with the film adhered sightingpiston side of the 1st, the 2nd and the 3rd anisotropic scattering at liquid crystal display device, the contrast that axially is roughly parallel to liquid crystal display device that makes its scattering center axle is than maximum direction, so can make incident light whole directions on scattering after the equalization of contrast than maximum direction, as a result, can under the narrow orientation of angle of visibility, improve the view angle dependency of contrast ratio.In addition, 1st, the 2nd and the 3rd anisotropic scattering film illustrates the scattering properties shown in Fig. 5 A, 5B and the 5C respectively, the oblique incident light that scattering contrast only more weakly is smaller is so can suppress to descend than (maximum-contrast ratio) than the contrast under the maximum direction owing to equidirectional incident scattering of light causes contrast.

On the contrary, liquid crystal indicator according to comparative example 1, replace the employed isotropic scatterning film of the 1st anisotropic scattering film as shown in figure 15, can not be after scattering contrast on whole directions be than the incident light of maximum specific directions such as direction equalization, so can not improve the view angle dependency of contrast ratio.In addition, liquid crystal indicator according to comparative example 2 and 3, replace the employed Le ミ of the 1st anisotropic scattering film ス テ イ-(registered trademark) or the 4th anisotropic scattering film as shown in figure 16, owing to only the isotropic scatterning characteristic is shown under particular orientation, thus only under the orientation that the anisotropic scattering characteristic is shown, obtain the contrast ratio view angle dependency improve effect.In addition, Le ミ ス テ イ-(registered trademark) even if or the also scattering strongly of incident light of the smaller direction of the 4th anisotropic scattering film contrast under the orientation of not shown anisotropic scattering characteristic, so can since incident scattering of light in the same way cause in resulting maximum-contrasts such as frontals than decline.

The evaluation that the skew of＜gamma curve improves 〉

Obtain frontal (polar angle Θ=0 degree) down gamma curve and the gamma curve under oblique (polar angle Θ=40 degree, position angle φ=0,45,90,135,180,225,270,315 are spent), brightness under each gray scale of standardization shows, make white display brightness become 1, (gray-scale value: poor (side-play amount) of the standardization brightness of the frontal 128) and the standardization brightness of each position angle φ when calculating the medium tone demonstration.Poor (side-play amount of the side-play amount-liquid crystal indicator of liquid crystal display device) of the side-play amount of liquid crystal indicator shown in the table 1 and liquid crystal display device.The difference of this side-play amount is big more, and it is big more that the skew of then representing the gamma curve that the scattering film produces improves effect.

Table 1

As known from Table 1, in the liquid crystal indicator of various embodiments of the present invention, the skew that obtains gamma curve under each orientation improves effect.But in the liquid crystal indicator of comparative example 1, especially under position angle φ=45,135,225,315 degree, it is little that skew improves effect.In addition, in the liquid crystal indicator of comparative example 2 and 3, improve effect although obtain skew, utilize the evaluation result of the view angle dependency improvement of contrast ratio, the contrast of frontal is than descending significantly.

Be explained below.Usually the gamma curve that compares optimal design VA liquid crystal display device under the maximum direction in contrast.According to various embodiments of the present invention, comparative example 2 and 3 liquid crystal indicator, the 1st anisotropic scattering film, Le ミ ス テ イ-(registered trademark) and the 4th anisotropic scattering film are shown in Fig. 5 and Figure 16 etc., owing under an orientation, the anisotropic scattering characteristic is shown at least, so when the time with each film adhered sightingpiston side at the VA mode liquid crystal display device, consistent by making expression be equipped with the narrow orientation of orientation and the angle of visibility of VA mode liquid crystal display device of anisotropic scattering characteristic of film, thus the view angle dependency of gamma curve can under the narrow orientation of this angle of visibility, be improved.In addition, according to the liquid crystal indicator of various embodiments of the present invention, because the 1st anisotropic scattering film illustrates the anisotropic scattering characteristic in whole orientation, so can obtain this action effect easily.On the contrary, liquid crystal indicator according to comparative example 1, replace the employed isotropic scatterning film of the 1st anisotropic scattering film because not shown anisotropic scattering characteristic, so can not be after all directions only make the incident light scattering of specific direction equalization, as a result, can not improve the view angle dependency of gamma curve.

Claims (8)

1. display device is characterized in that possessing: contrast is than the display device with view angle dependency and have the anisotropic scattering film of anisotropic scattering layer,

This anisotropic scattering film has the scattering center axle on the direction of the contrast that is roughly parallel to display device than maximum direction, and is configured in the sightingpiston side of display device.

2. display device according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

Described anisotropic scattering layer is solidified to form the constituent that comprises photocurable compound.

3. display device according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

Described scattering center axle is below 15 degree or 15 are spent with the contrast of display device than maximum direction angulation.

4. display device according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

Described scattering center axle is below 10 degree or 10 are spent with the contrast of display device than maximum direction angulation.

5. display device according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

In described anisotropic scattering film, the direction that straight line sees through the light quantity minimum and the axial angulation of scattering center axle are littler than the axial angulation that straight line sees through the direction of light quantity maximum and scattering center axle.

6. display device according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

Described display device is a liquid crystal display device.

7. display device according to claim 6 is characterized in that,

Described liquid crystal display device has: between a pair of substrate clamping liquid crystal liquid crystal cells and comprise the polarization plate of support film and polarization element.

8. display device according to claim 6 is characterized in that:

The display mode of described liquid crystal display device is VA pattern, TN pattern, IPS pattern or ocb mode.

Images