CN100547901C - Adopt the soft starter of the middle kick start mode of self-testing load - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of soft starter that adopts the middle kick start mode of self-testing load, belong to starter manufacturing technology field, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of safe and reliable, self-testing load, carry out the soft starter of middle kick starting behind the motor starting according to loading condition, its main technical schemes is: the control program flow process of host CPU is when the current value of the motor load of testing oneself reaches certain value, and motor does not also drive load, increase full voltage with regard to moment to motor this moment, make the voltage kick of motor, treat that the kick time finishes, recover the preceding voltage of kick again, motor is normally moved, and smooth start; The present invention has broad application prospects, not only can be applied to mine lower scraping plate conveyer, blower fan, water pump etc. needs the equipment of slow start, also can be applicable to simultaneously adverse circumstances such as coal separation field, metallurgy, oil field, port and pier and chemical plant, realize the speed governing starting and control of alternating current machine.

Description

Adopt the soft starter of the middle kick start mode of self-testing load

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of the employing and at a time apply the soft starter that full voltage comes starting motor in self-testing load, the starting process, be specially adapted to the soft start of the motor of chain type or belt conveying equipment, belong to starter manufacturing technology field.

Background technology

Soft starter is used for the starting of three-phase AC asynchronous motor, mainly regulate the supply power voltage of motor by central processing unit and controllable silicon, with starting and the braking procedure that improves induction motor, make motor smooth start and braking, reduce the impact of the starting of motor, reduce in the starting process infringement simultaneously machinery and electric equipment to electrical network.

Use the field in the soft starter manufacturing at present, people are referred to as " voltage kick " with " moment sharply increases voltage ", or abbreviation " kick ".The disclosed patent No. is: 200510030650.1, patent name is: the Chinese patent of " intelligent soft starter with field-bus interface capable of communication ", introduced a kind of soft starter, it is characterized in that: signal processing mode is: from the motor signals collecting, via signal processing, to host CPU, CPLD signal processing, control do to show, the CPLD signal processing is to the thyristor trigger control circuit, thyristor, contactor power model return the motor place.The step that its software constitutes flow process is: from the 301[power-up initializing] enter 302[and wait for enabling signal] judge, if enter the 303[start-up course], if not, reenter 302[and wait for enabling signal] judge; The 303[start-up course] enter the 304[motor operation course] enter 305[again and wait for stop signal] judge, if enter the 306[stopped process]; If not, reenter the 304[motor operation course]; The 306[stopped process] after, if reset, enter 302[and wait for enabling signal] judge.This patent document only provides a basic start mode to the motor starting of general load, and a clear and definite solution is not made in the starting of special case motor, for example this patent document is not suitable for the soft start of the motor of chain type or belt conveying equipment, at chain type or belt conveying equipment at the starting initial stage, its chain or belt are in relaxed state, still gapped between the relevant driving member, the frictional force of starting moment can reach several times of kinetic force of friction of operate as normal when load is big, this patent document does not solve the concrete scheme of this special dimension, according to the soft-start mode of its patented technology fail to start motor probably, the kick starting all places the moment that begins to start in the control program of the soft starter of some at present if adopt this moment, and this function all will be implemented kick for the load size, the detection that load the is carried out function of kick more not, can only impact to electrical network, and can not provide mechanical energy that load is spurred, probably chain or belt are broken, even can be damaged miscellaneous part.

Again for example: the performing comprehensive coal mining drag conveyor transports coal (spoil is also arranged sometimes), and condition of work is abominable, has the property at any time of stopping.The stiction of scraper conveyer chain scraper plate motion is very big, after particularly drag conveyor is shut down, also has the wall caving coal to load to conveyer, produces " press and slip ", and motional inertia is very big, causes the equipment hard-to-start.The down-hole has been subjected to restriction, the spatial limitation of net capacity again, is in again in the environment of damp and coal dust simultaneously, makes the heavily loaded hard-to-start problem that solves the large-scale transporting equipment in down-hole more difficult.Heavy-load start often occurs burning motor, chain rupture bar, beats tooth, rolls key, equipment fault such as damage driving member.More serious situation is, the drag conveyor that reaches 200～250m when heavily loaded fail to start, but have to again coal is manually unloaded just starting operation of a part, and then manually install on the transporting equipment, cause the stopping production accident.

Summary of the invention

The soft starter of kick starting in the middle of the technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides in a kind of safe and reliable, self-testing load, the motor starting procedure and to carry out according to loading condition.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme that the present invention adopts be: the soft starter that adopts kick start mode in the middle of the self-testing load, its hardware configuration is: motor load measuring circuit 1 is connected with alternating current motor 2 by data wire, motor load measuring circuit 1 links to each other with host CPU 3 by data wire, host CPU 3 links to each other with digital quantity input/output interface 4 by data wire, digital quantity input/output interface 4 links to each other with controllable silicon trigger control circuit 5 by DOL Data Output Line again, thyristor gating circuit 5 links to each other with controllable silicon power model 6 by data wire, and controllable silicon power model 6 is connecting alternating current motor 2 by data wire; Its technical characterictic is: the step of the control program flow process of host CPU 3 is: enter [putting the thyristor operating angle initial value] 102 from [powering on] 101 and enter [wait enabling signal] 103 again and judge, if not, reentering [wait enabling signal] 103 judges, if just enter [conducting controllable silicon] 104; [conducting controllable silicon] 104 enters [wait for starting and finish signal] 105 to be judged, if, enter [operation] 106, enter [end] 107 at last, if not, enter [sensing lead] 108; [sensing lead] 108 enters [wait loads to the kick value] 109 and judges, if do not arrive the kick value, enter that [starting is not finished not? ] 110 judge, if finish, just enter [operation] 106, if do not finish, just enter [angle of flow increase setting] 111, reenter [conducting controllable silicon] 104 again,, enter [it is logical to put the thyristor operating angle standard-sized sheet] 112 if reach the kick value; [it is logical to put the thyristor operating angle standard-sized sheet] 112 enters [increase of kick time] 113, enter again that [the kick stipulated time is not to? ] 114 judge, if the kick time is less than, just enter [it is logical to put the thyristor operating angle standard-sized sheet] 112 once more, if the kick time arrives, enter [recovering the former angle of flow] 115; [recovering the former angle of flow] 115 enters [conducting controllable silicon] 116, enter again that [starting is not finished not? ] 117, if not starting, just enter [angle of flow increase setting] 118, return [conducting controllable silicon] 116, if start, just enter [operation] 106, enter [end] 107 at last.

Above-mentioned soft starter, its technical characterictic is: controllable silicon power model 6 is on the circuit of three pairs of anti-parallel thyristors three phase supply of being series at motor.

Above-mentioned soft starter, its technical characterictic is: the chip model of host CPU 3 is 8032 or 8752 or 8952.

Above-mentioned soft starter, its technical characterictic is: the chip model of motor load measuring circuit 1 is ADC0809.

Above-mentioned soft starter, its technical characterictic is: the chip model of digital quantity input/output interface 4 is 82C55.

The present invention adopts in the middle of the self-testing load soft starter of kick start mode to compare with existing soft starter to have following beneficial effect:

1, self-testing load, the automaticity height: motor load measuring circuit 1 is connected with alternating current motor 2 by data wire, motor load measuring circuit 1 links to each other with host CPU 3 by data wire, host CPU 3 links to each other with digital quantity input/output interface 4 by data wire, digital quantity input/output interface 4 links to each other with controllable silicon trigger control circuit 5 by DOL Data Output Line again, controllable silicon trigger control circuit 5 links to each other with controllable silicon power model 6 by data wire, controllable silicon power model 6 is connecting alternating current motor 2 by data wire, in the control program of host CPU 3, the load that beginning is just measured motor by the input current of measuring motor, whether detect motor starts, before kick, go back sensing lead, whether detect motor again starts, carry out the voltage kick, whether whether detect the kick time then and finish, detect motor once more and start, entire work process is all regulated automatically, need not manual adjustment, all realize control automatically.

2, program is reasonable, it is convenient to revise: the control program of host CPU 3 of the present invention, before each action, all detect load automatically,, just skip kick automatically if load is started, if not starting, just constantly increase voltage according to set amount, and continuous sensing lead situation, motor judges whether starting once more, when load reaches the kick value, add whole voltages to motor, reach the purpose of kick, when the kick time that reaches regulation, just recover the preceding voltage of kick, at this moment, judge once more whether motor starts, if do not have starting, just again by a certain amount of increase voltage, just started according to this moment situation move and get final product; This program can be revised concrete kick value, voltage added value according to loading condition.

3, safe and reliable, operate steadily: in program of the present invention, the load of judging repeatedly whether motor starts and repeatedly measure motor is arranged, can protect motor not excessive and burn by load, after motor increases by a fixed load, the whole tensionings of driving member, gear are all meshed, add full voltage again, make the motor drives load running, driving member is effectively protected in even running; Overall process is measured earlier, judges again, and the back action, slow start reduces to start the impact to electrical network, has effectively protected power supply grid.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail:

Fig. 1 is the control program flow chart of host CPU 3 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that soft starter hardware of the present invention constitutes;

Fig. 3 is the chip and the periphery circuit figure thereof of host CPU 3 of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is motor load measuring circuit 1 of the present invention and periphery circuit figure;

Fig. 5 is digital quantity input/output interface 4 of the present invention and periphery circuit figure;

Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram of controllable silicon trigger control circuit 5 of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the line map of controllable silicon power model 6 of the present invention.

Embodiment

Fig. 1 adopts the control program flow chart of the host CPU 3 of the soft starter of kick start mode in the middle of the self-testing load for the present invention, enter [putting the thyristor operating angle initial value] 102 from [powering on] 101, just be provided with a value when generally dispatching from the factory, for example: angle of flow initial value is 30～60 degree, enter [wait enabling signal] 103 again and judge, if not, reenter [wait enabling signal] 103 and judge, if just enter [conducting controllable silicon] 104; [conducting controllable silicon] 104 enters [wait for starting and finish signal] 105 to be judged, if, enter [operation] 106, enter [end] 107 at last, if not, enter [sensing lead] 108; [sensing lead] 108 enters [wait loads to the kick value] 109 and judges, the relation of the electric current of starting this moment of comparison motor and the rated current of electric motor normal working, the certain multiple of the rated current when starting current is electric motor normal working, promptly reach the electric current kick value of setting, burn out for fear of cross senior general's motor because of starting current, be traditionally arranged to be starting current and reach 3～5 times of rated current, if do not arrive the kick value, enter that [starting is not finished not? ] 110 judge, if finish, just enter [operation] 106,, just enter [angle of flow increase setting] 111 if do not finish, general 1～3 degree that increases, reenter [conducting controllable silicon] 104 again,, enter [it is logical to put the thyristor operating angle standard-sized sheet] 112 if reach the kick value; [it is logical to put the thyristor operating angle standard-sized sheet] 112 enters [increase of kick time] 113, basic value 20mS of general increase, enter again that [the kick stipulated time is not to? ] 114 judge, if not, just enter [it is logical to put the thyristor operating angle standard-sized sheet] 112 once more, if [is the kick stipulated time to denying? ] 114 enter [recovering the former angle of flow] 115; [recovering the former angle of flow] 115 enters [conducting controllable silicon] 116, enter again that [starting is not finished not? ] 117, if not, is [starting finished not? ] 117 enter [angle of flow increase setting] 118, general 1～3 degree that increases returns [conducting controllable silicon] 116, if, is [starting finished not? ] 117 enter [operation] 106, enter [end] 107 at last.

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that soft starter hardware of the present invention constitutes, its structure is: motor load measuring circuit 1 is connected with alternating current motor 2 by data wire, motor load measuring circuit 1 links to each other with host CPU 3 by data wire, host CPU 3 links to each other with digital quantity input/output interface 4 by data wire, digital quantity input/output interface 4 links to each other with controllable silicon trigger control circuit 5 by DOL Data Output Line again, thyristor gating circuit 5 links to each other with controllable silicon power model 6 by data wire, controllable silicon power model 6 is connecting alternating current motor 2 by data wire, the chip model of host CPU 3 is 8032, can also be 8752 or 8952, the model of motor load measuring circuit chip is ADC0809, the model of digital quantity EingangsAusgangsSchnittstelle 4 is 82C55, silicon controlled model in the controllable silicon power model 6 can be 400A/320V, 500A/2500V, 400A/320V, 800A/2500V, 1000A/4000V or 1250A/4000V, the power of alternating current motor 2 can be any one between 7.5kW～575kW.

Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are the main chip and the periphery circuit figure thereof of soft starter of the present invention, wherein Fig. 3 is the chip and the periphery circuit figure thereof of host CPU 3 of the present invention, the chip model of host CPU 3 is 8032, can also be 8752 or 8952, the corresponding connecting line of the pin of host CPU 3 connects motor load measuring circuit 1 respectively, digital quantity input/output interface 4, corresponding connecting line such as electrify restoration circuit and oscillating circuit, the memory that it is X5045 that host CPU 3 also connects a model, RP1, RP2, RP3 and RP4 resistance are 10k Ω, all connect the 5V DC power supply at RP1～RP4 away from an end of host CPU 3.

Fig. 4 motor load measuring circuit 1 of the present invention and periphery circuit figure, the chip model of motor load measuring circuit 1 is ADC0809, the wire size that the outer wire size of the chip pin of motor load measuring circuit 1 is identical with label in the chip periphery circuit of host CPU 3 respectively is connected and links to each other with the circuit of alternating current motor 2, and the resistance of R1～R5 is 20k Ω.

Fig. 5 is digital quantity input/output interface 4 of the present invention and periphery circuit figure, the model of the chip of digital quantity input/output interface 4 is 82C55, the wire size that the chip wire size of digital quantity input/output interface 4 is identical with label in the chip periphery circuit of host CPU 3 respectively is connected, and wherein the resistance of RP1, RP2 and RP3 is 2k Ω.

Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram of controllable silicon trigger control circuit 5 of the present invention, and the wire size of output is corresponding with the input wire size of controllable silicon power model 6, and wherein the resistance of resistance R 1～R6 can be 1k Ω～300k Ω.

Fig. 7 is the line map of controllable silicon power model 6 of the present invention, wherein three pack modules difference series opposing inserts in the three-phase firewire of motor power line, the resistance of resistance R 1～R6 can be 10k Ω～800k Ω, and the silicon controlled model can be 400A/320V, 500A/2500V, 400A/320V, 800A/2500V, 1000A/4000V or 1250A/4000V.

Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are the main chip and the periphery circuit figure thereof of soft starter of the present invention, and its circuit connecting mode and existing C PU control unit are basic identical, and the chip of employed various models also all is the basic function of use of chip.

Claims (5)

1. the soft starter of kick start mode in the middle of the employing self-testing load, its hardware configuration is: motor load measuring circuit (1) is connected with alternating current motor (2) by data wire, motor load measuring circuit (1) links to each other with host CPU (3) by data wire, host CPU (3) links to each other with digital quantity input/output interface (4) by data wire, digital quantity input/output interface (4) links to each other with controllable silicon trigger control circuit (5) by DOL Data Output Line again, controllable silicon trigger control circuit (5) links to each other with controllable silicon power model (6) by data wire, and controllable silicon power model (6) connects alternating current motor (2) by data wire; It is characterized in that: the step of the control program flow process of host CPU (3) is:

The first step, host CPU (3) powers on, and enters for second step;

In second step, host CPU (3) is provided with the thyristor operating angle initial value, waits for enabling signal, enters for the 3rd step;

In the 3rd step, host CPU (3) judges whether to connect enabling signal, if do not connect, just continues to wait for enabling signal; If the connection enabling signal just entered for the 4th step;

In the 4th step, the conducting controllable silicon is then to the 5th step;

The 5th step, wait for starting and finish signal, judge whether to finish starting, entered for the 15 step if just finish, just do not enter for the 6th step if finish;

In the 6th step, sensing lead entered for the 7th step then;

In the 7th step, wait for whether load arrives the kick value, if not to just entering for the 8th step, if to just entering for the 9th step;

The 8th step, judge whether starting is finished, just the angle of flow is not increased setting if finish starting, returned for the 4th step then; Just entered for the 15 step if finished starting;

The 9th step, thyristor operating angle is all open-minded, increase the kick time, entered for the tenth step then;

The tenth step, judge whether the kick time reach setting, if do not reach setting, just turned back to for the 9th step, if reach setting, just entered for the 11 step;

The 11 step returned to original initial value with the angle of flow, entered for the 12 step;

In the 12 step, the conducting controllable silicon entered for the 13 step;

In the 13 step, judge whether starting is finished, and does not just enter for 14 steps if starting is finished, and enters for the 15 step if starting is just finished;

In the 14 step, the angle of flow is worth increase in accordance with regulations, turns back to for the 12 step again;

In the 15 step, operation is until end.

2. soft starter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: controllable silicon power model (6) is on the circuit of three pairs of anti-parallel thyristors three phase supply of being series at motor.

3. soft starter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the chip model of host CPU (3) is 8032 or 8752 or 8952.

4. soft starter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the chip model of motor load measuring circuit (1) is ADC0809.

5. soft starter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the chip model of digital quantity input/output interface (4) is 82C55.

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