CN100525851C - 医用针的安全防护装置 - Google Patents

医用针的安全防护装置 Download PDF

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CN100525851C
CN100525851C CNB03813652XA CN03813652A CN100525851C CN 100525851 C CN100525851 C CN 100525851C CN B03813652X A CNB03813652X A CN B03813652XA CN 03813652 A CN03813652 A CN 03813652A CN 100525851 C CN100525851 C CN 100525851C
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medical needle
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CN1658918A (zh
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F·M·弗格森
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    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178Syringes
    • A61M5/31Details
    • A61M5/32Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/06Body-piercing guide needles or the like
    • A61M25/0612Devices for protecting the needle; Devices to help insertion of the needle, e.g. wings or holders
    • A61M25/0618Devices for protecting the needle; Devices to help insertion of the needle, e.g. wings or holders having means for protecting only the distal tip of the needle, e.g. a needle guard
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/06Body-piercing guide needles or the like
    • A61M25/0612Devices for protecting the needle; Devices to help insertion of the needle, e.g. wings or holders
    • A61M25/0618Devices for protecting the needle; Devices to help insertion of the needle, e.g. wings or holders having means for protecting only the distal tip of the needle, e.g. a needle guard
    • A61M25/0625Devices for protecting the needle; Devices to help insertion of the needle, e.g. wings or holders having means for protecting only the distal tip of the needle, e.g. a needle guard with a permanent connection to the needle hub, e.g. a guiding rail, a locking mechanism or a guard advancement mechanism
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178Syringes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
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    • A61M5/32Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/3243Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel
    • A61M5/3273Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel freely sliding on needle shaft without connection to syringe or needle
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
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    • A61M5/3275Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel being connected to the needle hub or syringe by radially deflectable members, e.g. longitudinal slats, cords or bands
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/158Needles for infusions; Accessories therefor, e.g. for inserting infusion needles, or for holding them on the body
    • A61M2005/1581Right-angle needle-type devices
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
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    • A61M5/32Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/3243Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel
    • A61M5/3245Constructional features thereof, e.g. to improve manipulation or functioning
    • A61M2005/3247Means to impede repositioning of protection sleeve from needle covering to needle uncovering position
    • A61M2005/325Means obstructing the needle passage at distal end of a needle protection sleeve
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/06Body-piercing guide needles or the like
    • A61M25/0612Devices for protecting the needle; Devices to help insertion of the needle, e.g. wings or holders
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178Syringes
    • A61M5/31Details
    • A61M5/32Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/3243Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel
    • A61M5/326Fully automatic sleeve extension, i.e. in which triggering of the sleeve does not require a deliberate action by the user
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S128/00Surgery
    • Y10S128/917Body fluid, devices for protection therefrom, e.g. aids, hepatitus
    • Y10S128/919Syringe, means to protect user

Abstract

提供一种医用针防护装置(10),其可滑动地沿医用针(16)从暴露针远端的近端位置向防护装置(10)保护针(16)远端的远端位置可移动。医用针防护装置(10)包括结合构件(18),其具有可使针(16)从中通过的孔。结合构件(18)还具有与医用针(16)结合的结合面(22)。防护装置还包括与结合构件(18)成为一个整体的保持器(24),其与针(16)相联系,用于将结合面(22)临时保持在相对针(16)的非结合位置。防护装置(10)还包括定位件(26),当与针(16)接触的保持器(36)的一部分向前经过针(16)的远端时,其用于定位结合面(2)以将防护装置(10)固定在针(16)上。

Description

医用针的安全防护装置
参见相关申请
本专利申请是2001年3月15日由Ferguson等在美国专利商标局提交的09/809,357号美国实用新型专利申请的部分继续申请,其中09/809,357号申请的全部内容都通过引用结合在这里。
技术背景
1、技术领域
本披露物总体上涉及医用针的安全防护装置,更具体说,涉及保护医用针针尖的安全防护装置。
2、背景技术
在采血、经皮肤药物注射以及其它涉及使用医用针的医疗程序领域中,因疏忽大意而造成的针刺所产生问题是广为人知的。由于当前人们对暴露于爱滋病、肝炎和其它严重的血液携带病原体风险的敏感性,因此对针刺问题给予了很大的关注。
从病人身上取出针的程序一般需要专职人员用一只手在针要拔出的伤口处施压,同时另一只手取出针。对于一个主治专职人员来说,照顾伤口优先于对针的处理也是一般惯例。在使用没有安全防护装置的普通针装置的情况下,这样的优先要么要求手边有方便的针容器,要么要求有其它可以安全处理而又不用离开病人身边的装置。然而提供充分的护理同时又遵守安全规程经常会因病人的身体状况和精神状况而复杂化,比如在烧伤科和精神病房。在这种情况下,难以在护理病人的同时妥善处理用过的针。
与针的管理和处理问题有关的广泛传播的知识和历史导致了无数用于防止意外针刺装置的产生。现有安全装置的问题包括由于其复杂性和部件数量造成的使用困难和高额费用。
其它已知的装置使用护套,其由弹簧触发、可伸缩、可枢转等。然而不利的是,这些装置也许发动不起来,或者触发复杂。现有装置的其它缺陷还包括由于其复杂性和部件数量所造成的高额生产费用。这样,这些类型的现有技术装置也许无法充分和可靠地防护医用针设备以防止危险的暴露。
因而,有必要通过克服现有技术的缺点和不足,提供一种更为满意的针安全装置解决方案。所以,需要提供一种更为充分可靠的医用针防护装置,其使用一种沿医用针可滑动地移动的安全防护装置,以防止暴露于针尖的危险。这样一种针防护装置应该可以容易而可靠地移动,以保护针管的针尖。
发明内容
所以,本披露物用以满足对医用针防护装置的需要,这种防护装置可有效而经济地对使用后的医用针尖进行保护。本披露物可解决现有技术中存在的相关缺陷和不足。更具体说,本发明的装置和方法是安全针装置技术的一个重要进步。
在一个具体的实施例中,根据本披露物的原理提供了一种医用针防护装置。该防护装置可滑动地沿医用针从暴露针远端的近端位置向防护装置保护针远端的远端位置可移动。医用针防护装置包括结合构件,其具有使针从中通过的孔。结合构件还具有与医用针结合的结合面。防护装置还包括与结合构件成为一个整体的保持器,其与针相联系,用以将结合面临时保持在相对针的非结合位置。防护装置还包括用于定位结合面的定位件,以便当与针接触的保持器的一部分向前经过针的远端并允许保持器从针释放出来并移出由针限定的轴向路径时,将防护装置固定在针上。保持器也可成形为使得其不移出由针限定的轴向路径。可以包括外壳,以装入防护装置。
在一个具体的实施例中,防护装置包括定位件,其包括与结合构件形成一个整体的片簧。可选的是,定位件可以包括一个或多个设置在医用针上的摩擦元件。在另一个具体的实施例中,定位件包括设置在医用针上的整体摩擦元件。
在另一个具体的实施例中,防护装置包括保持器,其有槽,可以允许导线延伸通过安全防护装置。
附图说明
本发明的前述及其他特征和优点从下面结合附图对说明性实施例的详细说明中可以得到更好的理解,其中:
图1是根据本发明原理的医用针安全防护装置处于缩回位置时的透视图;
图2是图1所示安全防护装置的侧视图,其中,医用针安全防护装置壳体的顶部被去掉;
图3是图1所示安全防护装置的部件拆分后的透视图;
图4是图1所示安全防护装置部分部件的透视图;
图5是图1所示安全防护装置完全伸展后的透视图;
图6是图5所示安全防护装置的侧视图,其壳体的顶部被去掉,示出壳体的第一阻塞件,阻塞件在它向针的近端移动时推动结合构件进入结合方位;
图7是图5所示安全防护装置的侧视图,其壳体的顶部被去掉,示出壳体的第二阻塞件,阻塞件在它向针的远端移动时推动结合构件进入结合方位;
图8是图1所示安全防护装置的透视图,示出一个可选的保持器实施例,其包括槽,可允许导线延伸通过安全防护装置;
图9是图1所示安全防护装置的侧视图,其外壳的顶部被去掉,示出一个可选的结合构件和保持器实施例;
图10是图5所示安全防护装置的侧视图,其壳体的顶部被去掉,示出壳体的第一阻塞件,阻塞件在它向针的近端移动时推动结合构件进入结合方位;
图11是图5所示安全防护装置的侧视图,其壳体的顶部被去掉,示出壳体的第二阻塞件,阻塞件在它向针的远端移动时推动结合构件进入结合方位;
图12是图9所示安全防护装置的部件拆分后的透视图;
图13是图9所示安全防护装置部分部件的透视图;
图14是图1所示安全防护装置的侧视图,其壳体的顶部被去掉,示出一个可选的结合构件和定位件的实施例;
图15是图14所示安全防护装置的侧视图,其壳体的顶部被去掉,示出壳体的第一阻塞件,阻塞件在它向针的近端移动时推动结合构件进入结合方位;
图16是图14所示安全防护装置的侧视图,其壳体顶部被去掉,示出壳体的第二阻塞件,阻塞件在它向针的远端移动时推动结合构件进入结合方位;
图17是图14所示安全防护装置的部件拆分后的透视图;
图18是图1所示安全防护装置的侧视图,示出一个可选的结合构件和定位件的实施例;
图19是图18所示安全防护装置的侧视图,其壳体的顶部被去掉,示出壳体的第一阻塞件,阻塞件在它向针的近端移动时推动结合构件进入结合方位;
图20是图18所示安全防护装置的侧视图,其壳体的顶部被去掉,示出壳体的第二阻塞件,阻塞件在它向针的远端移动时推动结合构件进入结合方位;
图21A是图18所示安全防护装置的部件拆分后的透视图;
图21B是图18所示安全防护装置的部件拆分后的透视图,示出一个可选的结合构件的实施例;
图22是图14和18所示安全防护装置的透视图,示出一个可选的保持器实施例,其包括槽,可以允许导线延伸通过安全防护装置;
图23是图1所示安全防护装置的透视图,其壳体的顶部被去掉,示出一个可选的结合构件和定位件的实施例;
图24是图23所示安全防护装置的侧视图,其壳体的顶部被去掉,示出壳体的第一阻塞件,阻塞件在它向针的近端移动时推动结合构件进入结合方位;
图25是图23所示安全防护装置的侧视图,其壳体的顶部被去掉,示出壳体的第二阻塞件,阻塞件在它向针的远端移动时推动结合构件进入结合方位;
图26是图23所示安全防护装置的部件拆分后的透视图;
图27是图23所示安全防护装置的透视图,示出一个可选的保持器实施例,其包括槽,允许导线延伸通过安全防护装置;
图28是图23所示安全防护装置的侧视图,其壳体的顶部被去掉,示出在图27中所示的可选的保持器的实施例,其设置为允许导线通过;
图29是安全防护装置的透视图,其有第二防护装置,用以保护通过针孔的管心针的远端;以及
图30是图29所示安全防护装置的透视图,在使用后,第一防护装置保护针的远端,而第二防护装置保护管心针的远端。
具体实施方式
所披露的医用针的安全防护装置和操作方法的典型实施例是针对用于注射静脉注射液、药物注射或流体采集的医用针来论述的,更具体地说,是就与针管一起使用的针防护装置来论述的,其可防止对针尖的危险暴露,包括如疏忽大意而造成的针刺等。然而,可以预想,本披露物可广泛适用于给患者注射预防药物、药剂和治疗剂等的套管针和装置。还可以预想,本披露物可以用于采集体液,包括那些用于与静脉切开术、消化道、肠、泌尿、兽医等有关的过程中的体液。可以预期,医用针的安全防护装置可以用于其它医用针应用,包括但不局限于流体注射、流体采集、导管、导管导入器、导线导入器、脊椎和硬膜外麻醉、活组织检查、除血浆法、透析、供血者、Veress针、Huber针等。
在下面的论述中,术语“近端”指结构距临床医师较近的一部分,术语“远端”指距离临床医师较远的一部分。这里所用的术语“患者”指病人,其接受使用医用针防护装置的注射或从其身上采血和/或流体。根据本披露物,术语“临床医师”指负责注射、采集流体、安装或从医用针防护装置上去掉针管的个人,也可能包括辅助人员。
以下论述包括对医用针安全防护装置的描述,接下来是对根据本披露物的医用针安全防护装置操作方法的描述。现在将详细参考附图所示的本披露物的典型实施例。
现在看附图,其中相同的部件在几幅图中都用相同的附图标记表示。首先看图1-7,其示出了按照本披露物的原理构成的安全防护组件10,其包括针,如具有远端14的医用针16。如下所述,通过为医用针16提供用来保护针16的远端14的充分可靠的医用针防护装置来有利地配置安全防护组件10,以防止对针管16的远端14的危险暴露。
安全防护组件10可以包括壳体12,其有第一部分28和第二部分30,便于组装。壳体12包括开口44,其定尺寸为允许针16通过。安全防护装置10设置在医用针装置的针16上,以便对医用针装置进行安全处理。图1示出设置在具有管心针34的针的套节32附近的安全防护组件10。
安全防护装置10可滑动地沿针16从暴露针16的远端14的近端位置向防护装置10保护针16的远端14的远端位置移动。安全防护装置10包括结合构件18,其有可使针16从中通过的孔22。结合构件18还具有与医用针16结合的结合面22。安全防护装置10还包括与结合构件18形成一个整体的保持器24,其与针16相联系,以将结合面22临时保持在相对针16的非结合位置。图1-7所示的定位件26包括与结合构件18一体成形的片簧。安全防护装置10还包括用于在结合方位上定位结合面22的定位件26,以便当与针16接触的保持器24的一部分36向前经过针16的远端14并允许保持器24从针16上释放且移出由针16限定的轴向路径时,将安全防护装置10固定在针16上。保持器24也可成形为使得其不移出由针16限定的轴向路径。壳体12还可包括针支架38,以引导针通过安全防护装置10。第一阻塞件40和第二阻塞件42推动结合构件18进入结合方位。第一和第二阻塞件40和42也可以用于将结合构件18保持在壳体12上。可以设想,壳体12也可以包括将结合构件18保持到壳体12上的部件。结合构件18与壳体12在第一阻塞件40和第二阻塞件42处接触。第一阻塞件40和第二阻塞件42被置于针16的长轴的相对侧并且在与该长轴垂直的距离上。
结合构件18大体为硬板。孔20可以为圆形、矩形或在孔20的相对侧有结合面22的任何形状。孔20不需要在每一侧都封闭,比如“U”形,其中孔20可以向结合构件18的一个或多个边开放。孔20定尺寸为允许针16在结合构件18以相对针16的长轴成一个角度定位(通常接近垂直)时在孔20内滑动,且还定尺寸为允许孔20的结合面22在结合构件18以相对针16的长轴成不同角度定位时与针16结合接触。这一角度被称为结合方位。
当安全防护装置10在近方向上受到推动时,第一阻塞件40在趋向结合方位(见图6)的方向上推动结合构件18。当安全防护装置10在远方向上受到推动时,第二阻塞件42在趋向结合方位(见图7)的方向上推动结合构件18。
保持器24上与针16相联系的部分36的定位成使得当它与针16接触时,结合构件18处于相对针16的滑动方位上。部分36,由于其与针16的接触,通过对抗由定位件26提供的力来保持结合构件18的滑动方位,否则该力将会推动结合构件18进入结合位置。当安全防护装置10向针16的远端14移动且定位成使得部分36处于针16的远端14的远侧时,结合构件18在定位件26的推动下自由移入结合方位。在这一具体的实施例中,部分36是圆孔的一部分,但也可用其它表面来实现相同功能。
定位件26从结合构件18延伸,且构形成使得当结合构件18处于滑动方位时,定位件26以这样的方式可滑动接触并压靠针16,使得能够提供一种趋向于推动结合构件18进入结合方位的力,但如上所述其会受到部分36有选择地对抗。结合构件18可以与弹性定位件26一体成形。定位件26可以是其它弹性形状,如盘绕成圈或可折叠。结合构件18的其它部分可以更硬,其可以通过变化几何形状,如厚度、宽度等来实现。
将结合构件18结合到针16上是孔的结合面22与针16之间产生的摩擦力的函数。锋利的边缘是有利的,但不是必需的。产生的摩擦力是孔20的尺寸、针16的直径、结合构件18的厚度、第一和第二阻塞件40和42到针16的中线之间的距离以及孔20和针16之间的摩擦系数的函数。本领域中的普通技术人员可以容易地导出一个等式,证明这些关键元素可以如此设置,使得确保所产生的摩擦力对于在安全装置10施加的达到使至少元素之一出现材料失效时的任何力,始终是以将结合构件18结合到针16上。
安全装置10可以由适于医用的材料制成,如聚合物或类似不锈钢的金属,其视具体的医疗应用和/或临床医师的偏好而定。半刚性和刚性的聚合物预期用于制造,还有弹性材料,如模制的医用聚丙烯。然而,本领域普通技术人员会认识到根据本披露物也会有其它材料和制造方法适用于组装和制造。
安全装置10也许还适合与有导线导入器的医用针装置一起使用,如Seldinger针。图8示出一个可选的保持器24′的实施例,其包括槽46,该槽可允许导线、管心针或其它元件通过针16的孔,从而延伸通过安全防护装置10。与图1-7所示的结合构件18类似,结合构件18′包括孔22′,针16从其中通过。结合构件18′还具有用以结合医用针16的结合面22′。与结合构件18′形成一个整体的保持器24′与针16相联系,以便将结合面22′临时保持在相对针16的非结合位置上。图8所示的定位件26′包括与结合构件18′形成一个整体的片簧。定位件26′定位结合面22′,以便在保持器24′与针16接触的部分36′前进通过针16的远端14并允许保持器24′从针16释放并移出针16限定的轴向路径时,将安全防护装置10′固定于针16上。
图9-13示出保持器24″的一个可选实施例,其中与针16相联系的保持器24″上的部分36″包括与针16接触的平面。安全防护装置10′可滑动地沿医用针16从暴露针16的远端14的近端位置向防护装置10′保护针16的远端14的远端位置可移动。安全防护装置10′包括具有孔22″的结合构件18″,针16从孔22″中通过。结合构件18″还具有结合面22″,以便与医用针16结合。安全防护装置10′还包括保持器24″,其与结合构件18″形成一个整体并与针16相联系,以便将结合面22″临时保持在相对针16的非结合位置。图9-13示出的定位件26″包括与结合构件18″形成一个整体的片簧。安全防护装置10′还包括用于定位结合面22″的定位件26″,以在保持器24″与针16接触的部分36″向前通过针16的远端14并允许保持器24″从针16释放并移出由针16限定的轴向路径时,将安全防护装置10′固定于针16上。壳体12还可以进一步包括针支架38,以引导针16通过安全防护装置10′。可以提供第一阻塞件40和第二阻塞件42,以便推动结合构件18″进入结合方位。如图10所示,第一阻塞件40在朝针16近端移动时将结合构件18″推进结合方位。如图11所示,第二阻塞件42在朝针16的远端14移动时将结合构件18″推进结合方位。
图14-17示出一个可选的定位件的实施例,其中定位件包括安装在针16上具有滑动摩擦的摩擦元件48。安全防护装置10″可滑动地沿针16从暴露针16的远端14的近端位置向防护装置10″保护针16的远端14的远端位置可移动。安全防护装置10″包括具有孔22″′的结合构件18″′,针16从孔22″通过。结合构件18″′还具有结合面22″′,用以结合医用针16。安全防护装置10″还包括保持器24″′,其与结合构件18″′形成一个整体并与针16相联系,以便将结合面22″′临时保持在一个相对针16的非结合位置。由摩擦元件48产生的力、由第一阻塞件40或第二阻塞件42与结合构件18″′接触输入的力以及由结合构件18″′形成的杠杆或力矩臂的组合形成力偶,其提供了趋向于推动结合构件18″′进入结合方位的力。摩擦元件48因而将结合面22″′定位,以便当与针16相接触的保持器24″′的一部分36″′向前经过针16的远端14并允许从针16释放保持器24″′时,将安全防护装置10″固定到针16上。壳体12还可以包括针支架38,其用以引导针16通过安全防护装置10″。还可以提供第一阻塞件40和第二阻塞件42,以推动结合构件18″′进入结合方位。如图15所示,第一阻塞件40在朝针16的近端移动时推动结合构件18″′进入结合方位。如图16所示,第二阻塞件42在朝针16的远端14移动时推动结合构件18″′进入结合方位。
如上所述,摩擦元件48可以结合在一起以形成一个如图18-21所示的整体摩擦元件50。安全防护装置10″′可滑动地沿针16从暴露针16的远端14的近端位置向防护装置10″′保护针16的远端14的远端位置可移动。防护装置10″′包括结合构件18″′,其有可使针16从中通过的孔22″′。结合构件18″′还具有与医用针16结合的结合面22″′。安全防护装置10″′还包括保持器24″′,其与结合构件18″′形成一个整体,并与针16相联系,以便将结合面22″′临时保持在相对针16的非结合位置。由整体摩擦元件50的第一表面52和第二表面54产生的力、从第一阻塞件40或第二阻塞件42与结合构件18″′接触输入的力以及由结合构件8″′形成的杠杆或力矩臂的组合形成力偶,其提供趋向推动结合构件18″′进入结合方位的力。可以预见,也可以采用其它几何形状,它们与第一表面52和第二表面54实现相同的功能。整体摩擦元件50因而可以定位结合面22″′,以便当与针16相接触的保持器24″′的一部分36″′向前经过针16的远端14并允许保持器24″′从针16释放时,将安全防护装置10″′固定到针16上。壳体12也可进一步包括针支架38,用以引导针16经过安全防护装置10″′。也可提供第一阻塞件40和第二阻塞件42,以推动结合构件18″′进入结合方位。如图19所示,第一阻塞件40在朝针16的近端移动时推动结合构件18″′进入结合方位。如图20所示,第二阻塞件42在朝针16的远端14移动时推动结合构件18″′进入结合方位。
结合构件18″′和保持器24″′上的部分36″′可以分别包括“U”形孔19和37,以及第一表面52和第二表面54上的“U”形开口53和55,以便在组装安全防护装置10″′时提供针16的侧安装。
安全防护装置10″和10″′也适合与具有导线导入器的医用针装置一起使用,如Seldinger针。图22示出保持器24″′的一个可选的实施例,其包括槽46′,该槽可允许导线延伸通过安全防护装置10″和10″′。与图14-21所示的结合构件18″和18″′类似,结合构件18″′包括孔22″′,针16通过该孔。结合构件18″′还具有用以结合医用针16的结合面22″′。与结合构件18″′形成一个整体的保持器24″′与针16相联系,以便将结合面22″′临时保持在相对针16的非结合位置。
如图23-27所示,摩擦元件62也可以与结合构件64形成一个整体。可以预见摩擦元件62的其它构形,它们通过可选择地增强结合的方式也可同样实现在针上产生阻力的功能。安全防护装置60可滑动地沿针16从暴露针16的远端14的近端位置向安全防护装置60保护针16的远端14的远端位置可移动。安全防护装置60包括结合构件64,其具有可使针16从中通过的孔66。结合构件64还具有用以结合到医用针16的结合面68。安全防护装置60还包括保持器70,其与结合构件64形成一个整体并与针16相联系,以便将结合面68临时保持在相对针16的非结合位置。摩擦元件62产生的力、由第一阻塞件40或第二阻塞件42与结合构件64接触输入的力以及由结合构件64形成的杠杆或力矩臂的组合形成力偶,其提供趋向推动结合构件64进入结合方位的力。摩擦元件62因而将结合面68定位,以便当与针16接触的保持器70的一部分72向前经过针16的远端14并允许从针16释放保持器70时,将安全防护装置60固定到针16上。壳体12还可包括针支架38,以引导针16经过安全防护装置60。可以提供第一阻塞件40和第二阻塞件42,以推动结合构件64进入结合方位。如图24所示,第一阻塞件40在朝针16近端移动时将结合构件64推进结合方位。如图25所示,第二阻塞件42在朝针16远端14移动时将结合构件64推进结合方位,并且将壳体12保持在安全防护装置60上。
如图28所示,安全防护装置60也适合与具有导线导入器76的医用针装置一起使用。图27和28示出保持器70一个可选的实施例,其包括槽46″,该槽可允许导线延伸通过安全防护装置60。与图23-26所示的结合构件64类似,结合构件64′包括使针16通过的孔66′。结合构件64′还具有用以结合医用针16的结合面68′。与结合构件64′形成一个整体的保持器70′与针16相联系,以将结合面68′临时保持在相对针16的非结合位置上。
可以预见,本发明可以包括多个安全防护装置,以保护针16和管心针84或通过针16的孔的其它元件。图29是安全防护装置的透视图,其具有第一安全防护组件80和第二安全防护组件82,用以保护通过针16的孔的管心针84的远端86。图30分别是第一和第二安全防护组件80和82在启动保护使用后的针16的远端14和管心针84的远端86后的透视图。图30所示的第一和第二安全防护组件80和82与图28所示的安全防护组件60相似。然而,可以使用上述任何一种安全防护组件。
本披露物的发明可以采用其它具体形式体现而不偏离它的精神或根本特点。所以,目前的实施例在各个方面都应视为是描述性和非限制性的,发明范围是由所附权利要求书而不是由上述说明书限定,并且权利要求书的等价物的含义和范围内的所有变化都包含在这里了。

Claims (9)

1.一种医用针防护装置,其包括:
防护装置,其可滑动地沿医用针从暴露所述针远端的近端位置向所述防护装置保护所述针的远端的远端位置可移动,所述防护装置包括:
结合构件,其具有使所述针从中通过的孔,所述孔具有结合面;
保持器,其与所述结合构件形成一个整体并与所述针相联系,以将所述结合面临时保持在相对所述针的非结合位置;和
定位件,用于定位所述结合面,以当与所述针接触的所述保持器的一部分向前经过所述针的远端并允许所述保持器从所述针释放并移出由所述针限定的轴向路径时,将所述防护装置固定于所述针;以及
用以封闭所述防护装置的壳体,其中所述壳体包括可使针通过的开口以及用以推动所述结合构件进入结合方位的第一和第二阻塞件。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种医用针防护装置,其中所述定位件包括与所述结合构件形成一个整体的片簧。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种医用针防护装置,其中所述定位件包括与所述结合构件形成一个整体的弹性部分。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种医用针防护装置,其中所述定位件包括一个或多个设置在医用针上的摩擦元件。
5.如权利要求4所述的一种医用针防护装置,其中所述一个或多个摩擦元件与所述结合构件形成一个整体。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种医用针防护装置,其中所述定位件包括设置在所述医用针上的整体摩擦元件。
7.如权利要求6所述的一种医用针防护装置,其中所述整体摩擦元件包括第一和第二表面,用以使所述结合构件倾斜,且所述结合构件孔设置在所述第一和第二表面之间。
8.如权利要求1所述的一种医用针防护装置,其中所述保持器上与所述针接触的部分还包括从中延伸的槽。
9.如权利要求1所述的一种医用针防护装置,还包括第二防护装置,用以保护管心针的远端或通过所述针的孔的其它元件。
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US6902546B2 (en) 2005-06-07
CA2483454C (en) 2011-01-18
KR20050025185A (ko) 2005-03-11
US20020193745A1 (en) 2002-12-19
NZ536569A (en) 2006-10-27
AU2003256547A1 (en) 2004-02-25
WO2004014464A1 (en) 2004-02-19
JP2005533617A (ja) 2005-11-10
US7611485B2 (en) 2009-11-03
EP1523352A1 (en) 2005-04-20
BR0311672A (pt) 2007-05-08
CA2483454A1 (en) 2004-02-19
CN1658918A (zh) 2005-08-24
AU2003256547B2 (en) 2008-12-11
MXPA04012261A (es) 2005-04-08
US7618395B2 (en) 2009-11-17
BR0311672B1 (pt) 2012-08-21
EP1523352B1 (en) 2013-08-21
US20080097345A1 (en) 2008-04-24
US20050059937A1 (en) 2005-03-17
ES2436042T3 (es) 2013-12-26
EP1523352A4 (en) 2012-01-11
US7357784B2 (en) 2008-04-15
US20050043691A1 (en) 2005-02-24

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