CN100483086C - Ultraviolet measuring method and its measuring device - Google Patents
Ultraviolet measuring method and its measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN100483086C CN100483086C CNB2004100841107A CN200410084110A CN100483086C CN 100483086 C CN100483086 C CN 100483086C CN B2004100841107 A CNB2004100841107 A CN B2004100841107A CN 200410084110 A CN200410084110 A CN 200410084110A CN 100483086 C CN100483086 C CN 100483086C
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Abstract
The method includes procedures: estimating evaluated value for entire area based on spectral sensitivity of component for receiving ultraviolet radiation and radiation spectrum of solar spectrum; estimating evaluated value for specific area based on specific action curve, spectral sensitivity and radiation spectrum of solar spectrum; and carrying out correcting for value measured by component of receiving ultraviolet radiation based on the said evaluated value for entire area and the said evaluated value for specific area to determine specific information of ultraviolet; carrying out correcting for obtained information of specific ultraviolet based on information of solar altitude.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ultraviolet method and apparatus that in living environment, exists of easily measuring.More specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of ultraviolet measurement method and ultraviolet measurement device that can obtain specific ultraviolet information, this specific ultraviolet information for example is the ultraviolet ray amount that directly acts on human body.
Background technology
In recent years, one of the most serious global environment problem is because the destruction of ozonosphere makes tellurian ultraviolet ray amount constantly increase.Ultraviolet ray can produce serious influence to health, cutaneum carcinoma for example takes place, owing to the destruction to DNA causes the increase of photic hypersensitiveness, light aging or the like.Considering from the viewpoint of beauty treatment, also is serious such as chloasma hepaticum, freckle etc. to the influence of skin.
Consider from aspects such as beauty treatment, medical science, the more and more necessary of the measurement of living environment middle-ultraviolet lamp is increased.
In order to measure the ultraviolet ray amount, need be specifically designed to the ultraviolet measurement device of this purposes.Yet the UV measurement mechanism that carries this special use everywhere is very irksome, Given this, can't accomplish traditionally easily ultraviolet ray to be measured.
Ultraviolet ray is miscellaneous to the influence of biosome.Therefore, according to measured ultraviolet connotation, there is the variety of way of expression ultraviolet ray amount.For example, exist the method for the total ultraviolet ray amount of a kind of expression (wavelength: about 290 to 400nm), a kind of use only UVA zone (wavelength: about 320 to 400nm) to be had method that the ultraviolet sensor of susceptibility measures and a kind of use and only UVB zone (wavelength: about 290 to 320nm) had method that the ultraviolet sensor of susceptibility measures or the like.
Yet, these are measured ultraviolet ultraviolet sensor and are not possessed the characteristic that is complementary with the erythema curve (erythema curve) that causes various skin sunburn symptoms, and do not have the measured value that in the wavelength region may that is limited, adopts increment function formula mode (delta-functionally) to obtain, and be calibrated at the sensitivity of the representative wavelength in the special spectrum sensitivity curve.To be called the UV index according to the determined index of erythema curve.
This UV index is the amount of energy, wherein the weight of erythema curve is put near high noon one hour ultraviolet ray.Usually, the UV index is divided into ten numerical value levels that begin from solar ultraviolet quantitatively, but is divided into 5 grades according to the habitual saying that is suitable for people's sensation.
By each wavelength in the UVB zone is weighted to determine the UV index.Therefore, except by determine to obtain accurate value the UV index according to spectral irradiance.Only can realize measuring, and can't easily realize by using a big measuring equipment.In addition, on the contrary, utilize measuring equipment, can't measure ultraviolet ray such as UVA etc. with the spectrum sensitivity that is complementary with the erythema ultraviolet ray, and the problem that exists is, can not notice by window and produces the ultraviolet ray of big beauty treatment influence (as liver class, freckle etc.).
Therefore, present case is do not have the method that can easily measure specific ultraviolet information, and expectation to improve to some extent.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of ultraviolet measurement method and a kind of ultraviolet measurement device, it can be all the time easily and easily measures specific ultraviolet information with respect to the specific function curve according to the actual measured value of the ultraviolet receiving element of known its spectral characteristic in advance, and can measure total ultraviolet ray amount simultaneously.
A first aspect of the present invention is the ultraviolet measurement method of the ultraviolet receiving element of a kind of utilization with special spectrum sensitivity, and this method comprises: the estimated value of estimating whole zone according to the spectrum sensitivity and the solar spectrum radiation spectrum of ultraviolet receiving element; Estimated value according to specific function curve, spectrum sensitivity and solar spectrum radiation spectrum estimation specific region; And, by the measured actual measured value of ultraviolet receiving element being proofreaied and correct, determine specific ultraviolet information according to the estimated value in whole zone and the estimated value of specific region.
In ultraviolet measurement method of the present invention, be not subjected to this fact of the very big influence of weather according to tellurian ultraviolet ratio, measure ultraviolet ray by ultraviolet receiving element, and by for example with actual estimated value and recently the proofreading and correct of the estimated value of specific region with whole zone on duty that records.Therefore, can simply and pass through a simple structure, and irrespectively obtain specific ultraviolet information, and can also obtain ultraviolet total amount simultaneously according to an actual measured value with weather.
Transmission by stratospheric ultraviolet Wavelength distribution in, the transmission distance by ozonosphere is according to the height of the sun and difference.Therefore, by specific ultraviolet information being proofreaied and correct, can obtain the ultraviolet information of any altitude of the sun according to altitude of the sun information.Therefore, can irrespectively obtain and a certain position and a certain date and corresponding specific ultraviolet information of time with weather.
In this way, can obtain to act directly on ultraviolet ray amount on the human body.Note, can select except the erythema curve, to be subjected to any effect curves that ultraviolet ray influences (as influencing the effect curves of DNA etc.) as effect curves.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a kind of ultraviolet measurement device, and it has: the ultraviolet receiving element with special spectrum sensitivity; Storing mechanism, store the estimated value in whole zone and the estimated value of specific region, the estimated value in described whole zone is to estimate according to the spectrum sensitivity of ultraviolet receiving element and solar spectrum radiation spectrum, and the estimated value of described specific region is estimated according to specific function curve, spectrum sensitivity and solar spectrum radiation spectrum; And, aligning gear, estimated value by the specific region estimated based on the estimated value in the whole zone estimated according to the spectrum sensitivity and the solar spectrum radiation spectrum of ultraviolet receiving element with according to specific function curve, spectrum sensitivity and solar spectrum radiation spectrum, the actual measured value of being measured by ultraviolet receiving element is proofreaied and correct, determine specific ultraviolet information.
In ultraviolet measurement device of the present invention, as mentioned above, can measure specific ultraviolet information easily and easily according to the actual measured value of the ultraviolet receiving element of known its spectral characteristic in advance, can measure ultraviolet total amount simultaneously with respect to the specific function curve.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 illustrates the actual measured value of the ultraviolet receiving element relevant with embodiments of the invention and the curve map of erythema value, spectrum sensitivity and solar spectrum.
Fig. 2 illustrates the ultraviolet wavelength relevant with embodiments of the invention and the curve map of the relation between the degree of influence (being the erythema curve) relatively.
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram that the structure of the ultraviolet measurement device relevant with embodiments of the invention is shown.
Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram that the ultraviolet measurement treatment scheme of the ultraviolet measurement device relevant with embodiments of the invention is shown.
Embodiment
Owing to absorbed by oxygen, the ultraviolet ray (solar infrared) of the sunshine of the arrival earth has the wavelength greater than 200nm.In addition, stratospheric ozone absorbs the wavelength coverage that involves from 360nm to 300nm.Wherein, it is stronger that wavelength is that 320nm or littler ultraviolet ozone absorb, and be that 320nm or littler ultraviolet ray are called UVB with wavelength, is that the ultraviolet ray of 400nm to 320nm is called UVA with wavelength.
Show that according to the data of having delivered in solar ultraviolet, UVB on identical date and time and the ratio of UVA keep constant substantially and have nothing to do with weather.The amount that is absorbed when passing stratospheric ozonosphere is determined the amount of UVB.Thereby, because tellurian ultraviolet wavelength coverage is narrower,, and can think that this UVB measures the appreciable impact that can not be subjected to weather so the difference relevant with wavelength can be ignored in scattering and the reflection.
Therefore, can be by to using the ultraviolet information that a weight (it is directed to each wavelength of desired zone) is determined the specific region by the measured actual measured value (under the troposphere) of the ultraviolet element of known its spectral sensitivity characteristic (for example 200nm to 700nm) in advance, thus utilization recently proofreading and correct according to the estimated value of the estimated value in solar spectrum and the determined ultraviolet whole zone of spectrum sensitivity and ultraviolet specific region.That is, for example, when the estimated value of specific region is estimated value (erythema ultraviolet ray estimator) according to the erythema curve, then should ultraviolet the measuring of estimation erythema estimates, and can determine the UV index according to an actual measured value.
Can be according to multiply by solar spectrum by the spectral characteristic with the ultraviolet receiving element definite uitraviolet intensity of this UV index, the uitraviolet intensity and this actual measured value that are obtained by the erythema curve that measured uitraviolet intensity be multiply by as weight are determined.
Next, detailed description is used for determine the trimming process of specific ultraviolet measurement value (specific ultraviolet information) UV (λ) according to actual measured value UV0.
At first, determine to have the specific ultraviolet measurement value UV (λ) in the zone of specific function curve by following formula,
UV (λ)=∑ F (λ) S (λ) R (λ) formula (1)
Wherein, F is weight (a for example erythema curve), and S is the spectrum sensitivity of ultraviolet receiving element, and R is the spectral radiance of the sun.
Therefore, if F (λ)=1, then the estimated value UV1 (its spectrum sensitivity according to solar spectrum and ultraviolet receiving element is estimated) with whole zone is expressed as following formula,
UV1=∑ S (λ) R (λ) formula (2)
The estimated value UVF (its spectrum sensitivity and solar spectrum radiation spectrum according to specific function curve, ultraviolet receiving element is estimated) of specific region is expressed as following formula,
UVF=∑ F (λ) S (λ) R (λ) formula (3)
The estimated value UV1 by utilizing whole zone and the estimated value UVF of specific region recently proofread and correct actual measured value, and ultraviolet measurement value UV (λ) is defined as following formula,
UV (λ)=actual measured value * (UVF/UV1)
Formula (4)
=actual measured value * (∑ F (λ) S (λ) R (λ)/∑ S (λ) R (λ))
Therefore, will be defined as according to the estimated value UVE (erythema ultraviolet ray estimated value UVE) that erythema curve, spectrum sensitivity and solar spectrum radiation spectrum are estimated:
UVE＝∑E(λ)S(λ)R(λ)
Formula (5)
Wherein E (λ) is the weight according to the erythema curve.
Estimated value UV1 by utilizing whole zone and erythema ultraviolet ray estimated value UVE recently proofread and correct actual measured value, erythema ultraviolet ray amount (intensity) E is defined as follows,
The E=actual measured value * (UVE/UV1)
=actual measured value * (∑ E (λ) S (λ) R (λ)/∑ S (λ) R (λ)) formula (6)
At this moment, if R (λ) based on the spectral irradiance in summer, then E corresponds essentially to the erythema ultraviolet ray amount in summer.Even this relational expression is not to set up under the situation of fine (as cloudy or rainy) at weather yet.
Next, will be to the correction that the erythema ultraviolet ray amount E as specific ultraviolet measurement value UV (λ) carries out being described by the use altitude of the sun.
The transmission distance of altitude of the sun and ozonosphere
Determine that by the distance when stratospheric ozonosphere is passed in ultraviolet ray (absorption length) wavelength is less than the ultraviolet ray of 320nm and the wavelength ratio greater than the ultraviolet intensity of 320nm, that is to say, determine absorption length according to altitude of the sun (that is, according to the meridian (southing) on month and date height and according to the altitude of the sun of diurnal motion).
Therefore, if the hypothesis density of ozone is constant,, and can estimate the transmission distance of ultraviolet ray by ozonosphere if then known dates, time and position (latitude) then can determine altitude of the sun.
For example, under the situation that is changed to Tokyo on the throne, the ratio UVB/UV (it is determined according to spectral irradiance) and the ratio UVB/UV in winter near the ultraviolet ray meridian in through situation following summer are 5.5% and 3%.Because altitude of the sun is lower in the morning, thus short wavelength's ultraviolet ray almost do not had, even and in summer, UVB/UV is than also being approximately 1%.Therefore, if can stipulate total UV amount, then can estimate the UVB amount according to date and time.
On the other hand, erythema ultraviolet ray amount is than the more close short wavelength side of UVB, and the variation of its ratio is bigger.Can be by determining because erythema ultraviolet ray amount be estimated in the decay that transmission causes by atmospheric distance.Ultraviolet ray from the sun decays owing to being absorbed by the ozone in the stratosphere, and is subjected to effects such as absorption, scattering, reflection according to tropospheric atmospheric condition.Different with the scattering that takes place because of air molecule (Rayleigh scattering) is, the scattering (Mie scattering) that causes because of cloud is almost without any wavelength dependency.
Can express total ultraviolet ray amount of this moment by actual measured value UV0, this actual measured value UV0 is actual measurement by the ultraviolet measurement element in approximate measure entire ultraviolet line zone.For example, even in cloudy day or rainy day, if total determined uitraviolet intensity, then can be according to determining the ultraviolet intensity of wherein included wavelength less than 320nm by the determined altitude of the sun of latitude of time and this position of expression.That is, can determine the transmission distance of ozonosphere, and can know decay, and can determine the erythema ultraviolet ray amount of any altitude of the sun each wavelength according to altitude of the sun.
Note,, and be not limited to erythema ultraviolet ray amount if the attenuation constant of known in advance per unit wavelength then can estimate specific ultraviolet ray amount (specific ultraviolet information) according to the relation between actual measured value and the altitude of the sun.
For example, because the UV index is the integration to 1 hour, therefore will show as follows with respect to the erythema ultraviolet ray scale of the erythema curve shown in Fig. 1 usually.
Erythema ultraviolet ray amount=
Erythema curve * solar ultraviolet spectral irradiance * 3600 second formula (7)
Therefore, determine the erythema ultraviolet ray amount of any altitude of the sun as follows.
Erythema ultraviolet ray amount=
The altitude of the sun correction factor *
Formula (8) is measured in the erythema ultraviolet ray definite by proofreading and correct actual measured value
Wherein, altitude of the sun correction factor=constant * erythema factor (altitude of the sun)
Therefore,, can determine erythema ultraviolet ray amount, can also determine the UV index according to the actual measured value (ultraviolet total amount) of solar ultraviolet according to geographic area (elevation information) and date and the time that the gauger lives.To note, the fluctuation at the density of ozone of Japan in the cycle in 1 year is approximately ± and 10%.
The calculating of altitude of the sun
Come to determine altitude of the sun (zenith angle Z) as follows.
CosZ=cosD ' cosL '+sinD ' sinL ' cosH formula (9)
Wherein, L ' is observer's a colatitude (complementary angle of latitude L), and D ' is pole span angle (complementary angle of declination D), and H is a hour angle.
Determine pole span angle D ' as follows
CosD '=sin23.5 ° of sin α formula (10)
Wherein, α be by the earth of target day and sun line with at the earth and the formed angle of sun line in the first point of Aries this year, and α=n360 °/365.25 (wherein n is the fate of counting since the Spring Equinox).
In addition, come to determine hour angle H as follows.
H=± 360 ° t/24 hour formula (11)
Wherein, t is the time that picks up counting constantly from meridian.Negative sign is illustrated in before the meridian.
About these information, can obtain date and time according to the clock function of date and time.In addition, under the situation of living in limited geographic area, can import the latitude that sets in advance as positional information.Perhaps, position measurement apparatus can be known positional information at any time according to artificial satellite.
The calculating of altitude of the sun correction factor C (ozone absorbs the influence to altitude of the sun)
At first, suppose that altitude of the sun is θ (elevation angle), and earth radius r
0Be 6400km, the upper limit height of ozonosphere is r
2, and the lower limit height of ozonosphere is r
1, the ozonosphere transmission is expressed as following formula apart from x (θ).
Formula (12)
Suppose r
1=20km and r
2=40km, as the function of altitude of the sun, the transmission distance for example is x (80 °)=20.3km, x (30 °)=39.47km, x (15 °)=72.75km, x (0 °)=210.3km.
According to the transmission distance, will be expressed as follows by absorbing the ultraviolet damping capacity that is caused usually.
I=I
0Exp (kx (θ)) (wherein k is an absorption factor) formula (13)
Therefore, if the scattering absorption factor of total UV is k (λ), then the absorption factor in the ozonosphere in UVB zone is k (λ b) (in the layer except that UVB, absorption factor is identical with the absorption factor of total UV), and is total UV:I to stratospheric incident intensity
0(θ) and UVB:Ib
0(θ),
Ib (θ)=Ib
0Exp (k (λ b) x (θ)) * exp (k (λ) x (θ)) formula (14)
I (θ)=I
0Exp (k (λ) x (θ)) formula (15)
To be expressed as follows according to the UVB of altitude of the sun and the ratio of UV.
C=Ib (θ)/I (θ)=(Ib
0/ I
0) exp (k (λ b) x (θ)) formula (16)
Determine the influence (inhalation effects ratio that ozone cause) of ozone absorption to altitude of the sun, that is, and altitude of the sun correction factor C, and can carry out the correction that E is measured in ultraviolet ray to erythema according to altitude of the sun.
Wherein, can determine (Ib by comparing also with the measured value of the different solar spectrum illumination of altitude of the sun
0/ I
0) and k (λ b).
Below, will specify the example of determining erythema ultraviolet ray amount E and definite UV index according to actual measured value, and understand the example of erythema ultraviolet ray amount E being proofreaied and correct specifically according to altitude of the sun.
Wherein, utilize the ultraviolet measurement element (the ultraviolet measurement element that in " the UV caremate " that make by Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd, uses) of polycrystalline gallium nitride semiconductor to measure solar ultraviolet by use, and definite actual measured value UV0.Measured the spectrum sensitivity (seeing Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) of ultraviolet measurement by using regulation light source.In addition, the spectrometer MP11 that makes by use HamamatsuPhotonics KK has measured the solar spectrum in summer (seeing Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) from 290nm to 500nm.
At first, by Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 as seen, according to above-mentioned formula (2) and (5), the ratio of estimated value UV1 (spectrum sensitivity according to solar spectrum and ultraviolet measurement device (element) is estimated) and the ultraviolet estimated value UVE that measures of erythema can be defined as UVE/UV1=0.006.
Then, utilize UVE/UV1 that actual measured value is proofreaied and correct, and determine erythema uitraviolet intensity E according to above-mentioned formula (6).When erythema uitraviolet intensity E being converted to 1 hour ultraviolet ray amount in the period, E is 5000 μ W/cm at UV0
2The time be 108mJ/cm
2As a result, determining the UV index is 11.
Next, according to altitude of the sun information erythema ultraviolet ray amount E is proofreaied and correct.Wherein, used the local horizon data (horizontal data) (major part that in the erythema curve, has comprised these data) of Electrotechnical Library of Japanese Tanashi at the UVB place in 310nm to 300nm wavelength coverage as being used for the UVB/UV ratio in summer and winter.Used the illumination of whole 300nm to 400nm wavelength coverage for this UV.
Near the Summer Solstice (75 °, on June 23rd, 1979),
Ib (75)=Ib
0Exp (k (λ b) x (75)) * exp (k (λ) x (75)) formula (17)
I (75)=I
0Exp (k (λ) x (75)) formula (18)
Ib (75)/I (75)=0.0132=(Ib
0/ I
0) exp (k (λ b) x (75)) formula (19)
Near Winter Solstice (30 °, on Dec 22nd, 1979),
Ib (30)=Ib
0Exp (k (λ b) x (30)) * exp (k (λ) x (30)) formula (20)
I (30)=I
0Exp (k (λ) x (30)) formula (21)
Ib (30)/I (30)=0.0048=(Ib
0/ I
0) exp (k (λ b) x (30)) formula (22)
Determine that 75 ° of transmission distances of locating and 30 ° of transmission distances of locating are for as follows.
In (0.0132/0.0048)=(k (λ b) (x (75)-x (30))) formula (23)
Can obtain according to above-mentioned formula, the absorption factor k (λ b) that is positioned at the ozonosphere in UVB zone is-k (λ b)=In (0.0132/0.0048)/(x (75)-x (30))
=1.0116/ (-18.8km)=-0.0538/km formula (24)
In addition, with Ib
0/ I
0Be defined as following formula.
Ib
0/I
0＝0.0132/exp(-k(λb)x(75))
=0.0132/exp (0.0538 * 20.7)=0.0402 formula (25)
This shows, and is outside in stratosphere, wavelength be 300nm to 310nm UVB for all ultraviolet 4%.
Therefore the UVB at any altitude of the sun θ place and the ratio of Uv are expressed as following formula.
C=Ib (θ)/I (θ)=(0.0402) exp (0.0538 * x (θ)) formula (26)
Next, radius of a ball r hypothetically
0Be 6400km, the upper limit height r of ozonosphere
2Be 40km, and the lower limit height r of ozonosphere
1Be 20km, then determine ozonosphere transmission with respect to altitude of the sun θ (elevation angle) apart from x (θ) according to above-mentioned formula (12), and at according to the erythema ultraviolet ray amount E that in meridian altitude is 75 ° of those actual measured value determined that days constantly, for example, when altitude of the sun is 30 °, so because the transmission distance is 0.49 for 40km altitude of the sun correction factor C, and when altitude of the sun is 50 °, because the transmission distance is 26km, so altitude of the sun correction factor C is 0.8.
Therefore, if in observation on the same day, when altitude of the sun was 30 °, determining actual measured value was UV1 * 0.006 (UVE/UV1) * 0.36.For example, when institute's observed reading was 5000 μ W, the UV index was 4.
Below, further describe embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.Note, adopt identical label to describe the structure that has identical function in fact to institute's drawings attached, and will omit explanation according to circumstances it.
Fig. 3 is the brief configuration figure that the structure of the ultraviolet measurement device relevant with the embodiment of the invention is shown.
The ultraviolet measurement device 10 of present embodiment comprises: LCD 16 shows various information as indication mechanism; Ultraviolet ray receiving element 18, it detects the ultraviolet information as ultraviolet physical quantity; Guidance panel 20 (for example, power switch, mode selector switch, switch etc. is set) is as the operating mechanism of being imported various information by the user of ultraviolet measurement device 10; And data input/output terminal 22 can be with the ultraviolet information output of expression by the measured uitraviolet intensity of ultraviolet measurement device 10, and can import the various information from information terminal apparatus.
Can use a kind of ultraviolet receiving element (in this ultraviolet ray receiving element, in the visible region, have the GaP of sensitivity or Si etc. photodiode etc. visible part by a wave filter by) as ultraviolet receiving element 18.Perhaps, can use the ultraviolet receiving element of constructing by the oxide semiconductor of titanium dioxide, zinc paste etc.Can use the ultraviolet receiving element that constitutes by nitride compound semiconductor as ultraviolet receiving element 18.Advantage by the ultraviolet receiving element that nitride compound semiconductor constituted is, they have the response of sensitization fast, can regulate its absorption region according to component, and they are little and thin and do not need exceptional space of display part etc., and in the excellent in design such as aspects such as colors.
Yet in the present embodiment, because the effect of scattering is very big in the solar ultraviolet, therefore preferably ultraviolet receiving element 18 has the incident angle characteristic of mating with cosine law.This be because, represent dispersion factor in order to utilize Rayleigh's law, dispersion factor=constant/(wavelength)
4, and,, be 1.7 times in 300nm place dispersion factor at 340nm and 300nm place at fine weather, and with the 500nm place relatively, it is remarkable that ultraviolet ray has 5 to 8 times dispersion factor and dispersion effect.
Use SEK1054B (by the display module of Seiko Epson manufacturing) as LCD 16.This display module is the dot matrix type LCD MODULE, and can show any information on the display surface of 96 point * 32.Character display, curve map etc. thereon.For example, can and show simple curve figure subsequently when measuring, and can under the situation of data not being exported to unshowned outside input-output apparatus, confirm Illumination Distribution etc. intuitively.Indication mechanism is not limited to these, can use such as various displays such as other LCD, organic EL (electroluminescence) display, plasma display, CRT (cathode-ray tube (CRT)) displays.
On ultraviolet measurement device 10, be provided with internal circuit 32.Internal circuit 32 is configured to, comprises: a CPU 34 (aligning gear), the CPU (central processing unit) that manages with the integrated operation of doing ultraviolet measurement device 10; Storer 38 is as the storing mechanism of storing various information; Analog/digital converter 40 (hereinafter referred to as " A/D converter "), its analog signal conversion with input is a numerical data, and exports this numerical data; Amplifying circuit 42 amplifies the simulating signal of input; Rechargeable battery 44 is provided for driving the power supply of the various piece of internal circuit 32; And power control circuit 46 is used for when rechargeable battery 44 is charged voltage etc. being controlled.Note,, in diagram, omitted the line in the electric power supply path that illustrates from rechargeable battery 44 to each several part for fear of making Fig. 3 complicated.
Internal circuit 32 comprises GPS (GPS) receiver 24 (obtaining mechanism as altitude of the sun) of obtaining positional information and the calendar/clock 36 that date and time is carried out timing.
Calendar/clock 36 is connected with CPU 34.CPU 34 can be known at any time by the date and time information of 36 timing of calendar/clock (month, day and time).Note, calendar/clock 36 can be included among the CPU 34, and can realize similar operations by software.
On the other hand, detector output end of ultraviolet receiving element 18 is connected to the input end of A/D converter 40 by amplifying circuit 42.The output terminal of A/D converter 40 is connected to CPU 34.
Data input/output terminal 22 is connected to CPU 34.CPU 34 can carry out the input and output of various information by data input/output terminal 2.Note, except data input/output terminal 22 being connected to CPU 34, also it is directly connected to storer 38.In this way, by data input/output terminal 22, ultraviolet measurement device 10 can directly write to the various information from the outside in the storer 38, and can be from directly various information being read to the outside from storer 38.In addition, also data input/output terminal 22 is connected to rechargeable battery 44 by power control circuit 46.In this way, the voltage on 10 pairs of power control circuits 46 of ultraviolet measurement device etc. is controlled, and comes rechargeable battery 44 is charged by data input/output terminal 22.
In ultraviolet measurement device 10, must carry out stabilized driving to CPU 34 always.For as driving CPU 34 by rechargeable battery 44 in the present embodiment, the structure that must use consume low amounts of power and can obtain enough processing poweies is as CPU 34.Therefore, in order to address that need, in the present embodiment, used " H8/3827R " that make by Hitachi Semiconductor as CPU 34.Comprise that in this " H8/3827R " one is used for the volatile storage that Program for Calculation and is used for interim storage, and an A/D conversion circuit (corresponding to the A/D converter in the accompanying drawing 40).In this way, can reduce the quantity of part and can make this device cheap more and compact more.
For example, can use the memory element 24LC256 of Microchip Technology (USA) as storer 38.Although this memory element is small-sized, still have big capacity, therefore can make ultraviolet measurement device 10 compactnesses.
Here, will the content in the storer 38 that be stored in ultraviolet measurement device 10 be described.
In storer 38, be provided with: head (header portion), as the part that is used for the storage various information relevant with measurement data (uitraviolet intensity); Measurement data portion is as the part that is used to store actual measurement data; Routine data portion is as the part that is used for the storage computation program; And the value of setting portion is used to store the various values of setting.In routine data portion and the value of setting portion, stored and carried out various Program for Calculation according to above-mentioned formula (for example formula (6), formula (8), formula (26) etc.), and, various values of setting (for example estimated value UVE of the estimated value UV1 in whole zone, erythema ultraviolet range), these programs and the value of setting are used for that actual measured value is carried out above-mentioned correction to be measured and the UV index to determine the erythema ultraviolet ray, and proofreaies and correct erythema ultraviolet ray amount according to altitude of the sun information.
Note, in the present embodiment, leak into the outside, after utilizing coding method, it is stored in the measurement data portion the measurement data coding in order to prevent measurement data.The information etc. that the coding method of this moment is shown is stored in this head.Notice that the no particular restriction of encoding can suitably be selected in the various coding techniquess any one.
Next, the operation with reference to Fig. 4 ultraviolet measurement device 10 when measuring ultraviolet ray describes.Notice that Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram that is illustrated in the flow process of the ultraviolet measurement processing of carrying out at CPU 34 places.
In the step 100 of Fig. 4, carry out ultraviolet measurement by ultraviolet receiving element 18.Obtain the measured value (UV measured value) of ultraviolet ray amount, and obtaining information (actual measured value) is stored in the clear area of measurement data portion of storer 38.Then, routine proceeds to step 102.
In step 102, from storer 38, read the estimated value UV1 in the whole zone of estimating according to the spectrum sensitivity of solar spectrum of storing in advance and ultraviolet receiving element 18, and according to the erythema curve, the spectrum sensitivity of ultraviolet receiving element 18 and the estimated value UVE that solar spectrum is estimated that store in advance.According to above-mentioned formula (6), determined erythema ultraviolet ray amount E (with the UV index), and with obtaining information stores in the clear area of the measurement data portion of storer 38.Then, routine proceeds to step 104.
In step 104, obtain positional information (latitude information) from gps receiver 24, and obtain date and time information (month, day and time) from calendar/clock 36.The above-mentioned various values of setting that from storer 38, read out in the information of obtaining in the step 102 (erythema ultraviolet ray amount E) and be used to determine measure in the erythema ultraviolet ray of any altitude of the sun.According to formula (26), calculated the altitude of the sun correction factor, and, utilized the altitude of the sun correction factor to proofread and correct erythema ultraviolet ray amount E according to formula (8).Determine the erythema ultraviolet ray amount (with the UV index) of any altitude of the sun, and with the information stores obtained in the clear area of the measurement data portion of storer 38.Handle thereupon and finish.
Note, can be presented on the liquid crystal flat panel display 16 being stored in the information in the storer 38 and the information of obtaining.
The ultraviolet measurement device 10 of present embodiment can be configured to, integrate with portable set (for example, wrist-watch, mobile phone, portable email device, portable browsing device, portable computer).
In the case, can obtain the photogenerated current (photovoltaic current) that between the electrode of ultraviolet receiving element 18, flows.Perhaps, can obtain photocurrent by applying voltage.Yet the aspect that never consumes the electric power of portable set considers that ultraviolet measurement element 18 is preferably the photogenerated current formula.
In addition, in the ultraviolet measurement device 10 of present embodiment, ultraviolet receiving element 18 can be adhered on the reverse side of window material of the display element that is arranged on mancarried device, perhaps can be arranged between window material and the display element surface.Perhaps, ultraviolet receiving element 18 can be adhered to the display element surface, perhaps can be arranged on the set position of independent incidence window of himself.
In the ultraviolet measurement device 10 of present embodiment, obtain positional information by gps receiver 24.Yet the present invention is not limited to this.Can in storer 38, store positional information arbitrarily in advance, and can be according to the positional information of reading hope from user's appointment.Perhaps, can obtain positional information by using personal handyphone system (PHS).
Should be clear and definite be, the foregoing description should be interpreted as restriction, and can in satisfying the scope of necessary condition of the present invention, realize.
Therefore, the invention provides a kind of ultraviolet measurement method and a kind of ultraviolet measurement device, it can be all the time easily and expediently measures specific ultraviolet information with respect to the specific function curve according to the actual measured value of the ultraviolet receiving element of known its spectral characteristic in advance, and it can measure total ultraviolet ray amount simultaneously.
Claims (17)
1. a utilization has the ultraviolet measurement method of the ultraviolet receiving element of special spectrum sensitivity, and described method comprises:
The estimated value of the ultraviolet ray amount of estimating ultraviolet whole zone according to the spectrum sensitivity and the solar spectrum radiation spectrum of described ultraviolet receiving element;
Estimate the estimated value of the ultraviolet ray amount of ultraviolet specific region according to specific function curve, spectrum sensitivity and solar spectrum radiation spectrum; And,
By estimated value the actual measured value of the measured ultraviolet ray amount of ultraviolet receiving element is proofreaied and correct, obtained specific ultraviolet information according to the ultraviolet ray amount of the estimated value of the ultraviolet ray amount in described whole zone and described specific region.
2. ultraviolet measurement method according to claim 1 is wherein also proofreaied and correct described specific ultraviolet information according to altitude of the sun information.
3. ultraviolet measurement method according to claim 2 is wherein obtained described altitude of the sun information according to latitude information and date and time information.
4. ultraviolet measurement method according to claim 2 comprises in described altitude of the sun information that wherein ozone is to ultraviolet inhalation effects ratio.
5. ultraviolet measurement method according to claim 3 is wherein obtained described latitude information by the position-measurement device of artificial satellite.
6. ultraviolet measurement method according to claim 1, wherein said specific function curve is the erythema curve.
7. ultraviolet measurement method according to claim 6 is wherein also obtained the UV index according to described erythema curve.
8. ultraviolet measurement device comprises:
Ultraviolet receiving element with special spectrum sensitivity;
Storing mechanism, the estimated value of the estimated value of the ultraviolet ray amount in the whole zone of store ultraviolet line and the ultraviolet ray amount of ultraviolet specific region, the estimated value of the ultraviolet ray amount in described whole zone is to estimate according to the spectrum sensitivity of ultraviolet receiving element and solar spectrum radiation spectrum, and the estimated value of the ultraviolet ray amount of described specific region is estimated according to specific function curve, spectrum sensitivity and solar spectrum radiation spectrum; And,
Aligning gear, the estimated value of the ultraviolet ray amount by the described specific region estimated based on the estimated value of the ultraviolet ray amount in the described whole zone estimated according to the spectrum sensitivity and the solar spectrum radiation spectrum of described ultraviolet receiving element with according to specific function curve, spectrum sensitivity and solar spectrum radiation spectrum, actual measured value to the ultraviolet ray amount measured by described ultraviolet receiving element is proofreaied and correct, and obtains specific ultraviolet information.
9. ultraviolet measurement device according to claim 8 comprises that also an altitude of the sun information that is used to obtain altitude of the sun information obtains mechanism.
10. ultraviolet measurement device according to claim 9, wherein said altitude of the sun information acquired latitude information and date, temporal information are as described altitude of the sun information.
11. ultraviolet measurement device according to claim 10, wherein said altitude of the sun information obtain mechanism and comprise the position-measurement device of being measured by artificial satellite.
12. ultraviolet measurement device according to claim 8 comprises that also one is used to show the indication mechanism of various information.
13. ultraviolet measurement device according to claim 8 comprises that also one is used for being undertaken by the user operating mechanism of the input and output of various information.
14. ultraviolet measurement device according to claim 8, wherein said ultraviolet receiving element is become by nitride system compound semiconductor.
15. ultraviolet measurement device according to claim 8, wherein said specific function curve is the erythema curve.
16. ultraviolet measurement device according to claim 8, wherein said measurement data is stored in the described storing mechanism after encoding.
17. ultraviolet measurement device according to claim 8, a wherein said ultraviolet measurement device and a portable set integrate.
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| CNB2004100841107A CN100483086C (en) | 2004-10-15 | 2004-10-15 | Ultraviolet measuring method and its measuring device |
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| CNB2004100841107A CN100483086C (en) | 2004-10-15 | 2004-10-15 | Ultraviolet measuring method and its measuring device |
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| US9778099B2 (en) * | 2014-08-05 | 2017-10-03 | Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. | System and method of estimating spectral contributions in ambient light and correcting field of view errors |
| KR101998212B1 (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2019-07-10 | (주)아모레퍼시픽 | System and method for measuring sun protection degree of cosmetic material |
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