The implementation method of efficient video multicast in the ethernet passive optical network system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of in the ethernet passive optical network system implementation method of efficient video multicast, belong to the broadband access communication technical field.
Background technology
Ethernet passive optical network (EPON, Ethernet Passive Optical Networks) technology is a kind of based on Ethernet and the optical fiber access technology of putting multiple spot, it is the following more satisfactory mode that realizes fiber-to-the-home Optical Access Network with the feature set such as high-efficiency transfer of the simplicity of ethernet technology and passive optical network PON.
The EPON system is made up of the optical line terminal (OLT) of office's side, the optical network unit (ONU) and the Optical Distribution Network (ODN) of user side.General its descending employing Time Division Multiplexing broadcast mode, up employing time division multiple access insert (TDMA) mode, can form topological structures (typical structure is a tree structure) such as tree type, star-like, bus-type neatly.Do not contain any active electronic device and electronic power supply among the wherein passive ODN of being meant, all form, so the cost of its management maintenance is lower by optical branching device passive devices such as (Splitter).
At present, existing EPON system all adopts IGMP IGMP Proxy/Snooping to realize multicast.IGMP Proxy realization mechanism wherein is: OLT relies on the IGMP message between interception user and the router to set up multicast table, and the first line of a couplet port of Proxy equipment is carried out the role of main frame, and second line of a couplet port is carried out the role of router.The realization mechanism of IGMP Snooping is: OLT is to intercept the mode that main frame is sent to the router IGMP Report Message, form the corresponding relation of group membership and switch ports themselves, OLT is forwarded to the multicast packet of receiving group membership's port again according to this corresponding relation.
Referring to Fig. 1, multi-cast system is made up of video multicasting system, IP metropolitan area network, access network and home network four parts, and existing EPON system realizes that the flow process of video multicast simply is described below:
(1) set-top box (STB, Set-top Box) or PC obtain an IP address by sending the dynamic host configuration protocol DHCP message from Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server;
(2) BAS Broadband Access Server BRAS (BRoadband Access Server) username and password that STB is reported carries out authentication verification, after checking, and STB/PC machine electron gain listing;
(3) user carries out program at electric program guide and selects, choose program after, the STB/PC machine just sends the message that joins request of an IGMP IGMP;
(4) on multicast router, set up the multicast mapping table, be used to represent the corresponding relation of multicast group and virtual LAN VLAN;
(5) on OLT, set up multicast forward table, for the user of each adding group duplicates a video traffic;
(6) STB/PC machine receiving video service stream is carried out play operation, and the user watches group broadcasting program.
Key wherein is to set up the multicast mapping table in multicast router, sets up multicast forward table and be user's replicating video Business Stream of each adding group on OLT.
IGMP Proxy and IGMP Snooping are different to the concrete processing mode of above-mentioned steps.Under IGMP Proxy pattern, when receiving IGMP, OLT joins request behind the message, and OLT starts IGMP Proxy function, intercepts and captures this request message.Carry out authentication then, after authentication, carry out following logical check: if the group that application adds is also not have among the OLT, then OLT just joins request to IGMP of upper strata router transmission, and sets up multicast forward table; If in OLT, there has been such multicast group, then directly this user is added the multicast forward table on the OLT, no longer send the IGMP message that joins request to the upper strata router, set up multicast service and user's correspondence table simultaneously.And under IGMP Snooping pattern, join request behind the message when OLT receives IGMP, obtain multicast forward table message by intercepting, but for the IGMP message that joins request, it is that transparent transmission is through OLT.In a word, the Proxy/Snooping dual mode of the IGMP agreement of using in the present EPON system all need obviously reduce the utilance of downlink bandwidth for each user who adds multicast group duplicates a video traffic (referring to Fig. 1) on OLT.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of in ethernet passive optical network EPON system the implementation method of efficient video multicast, this method is given full play to the point of EPON network to the multipoint architecture characteristics, make the user of same multicast group share a video flowing, improve the utilance of downlink bandwidth, thereby realize the efficient video multicast in the EPON system.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of in ethernet passive optical network EPON system the implementation method of efficient video multicast, be carry out video multicast at existing employing IGMP IGMP, promptly the optical line terminal equipment OLT in the EPON system adopts to act on behalf of Proxy and adopt on the basis of intercepting Snooping in the optical network unit ONU of user side and realizes; It is characterized in that: comprise following operation:
(1) system defines the device identification ONUID that indicates its identity respectively for each optical network unit ONU, and defines separately multicast sign respectively for the multicast group of the video traffic of different content;
(2) point that utilizes the EPON system is to multipoint configuration, and the broadcast mechanism that IGMP IGMP and EPON network is descending combines, and realizes the single copy multicast of same video traffic in the EPON system; The concrete measure that the described broadcast mechanism that IGMP agreement and EPON network is descending combines is: when the multicast of the channel selection of initiating by set-top box or PC as the user joins request through ONU, this ONU monitors and writes down this request, sets up the multicast filtering table of the multicast group corresponding relation of user port and video traffic; Described multicast joins request up when the optical line terminal OLT, this OLT monitors and writes down this request, be that each multicast group distributes a multicast sign, and set up and send the device identification ONUID that this multicast joins request and the multicast correspondence table of each multicast group corresponding relation; Like this, when the group broadcasting video frequency Business Stream was issued to OLT, this OLT was filled to the multicast sign of distribution with the LLID LLID territory in the lead code of multicast message, and this multicast is identified pairing video traffic was handed down to ONU; And when video traffic arrives ONU, receive this video traffic according to the multicast correspondence table earlier by ONU, according to the multicast filtering voting is fixed this video traffic is transmitted to and the corresponding user port of the multicast group of video traffic again.
Described step (2) further comprises the following steps:
(201) IGMP of the channel selection of initiating at set-top box or PC joins request message during through ONU, ONU with its selected video traffic as a multicast group, monitor and write down this request message, generate the corresponding relation between this multicast group and this ONU user port, and this relation is stored in the user multicast filter table; Simultaneously, IGMP is joined request the message forwarded upstream to OLT;
(202) when IGMP joins request message process OLT, OLT monitors and writes down this request message, for each multicast group is distributed a multicast sign, the corresponding relation of the sign ID of regeneration multicast sign and user ONU, form the multicast correspondence table, and be handed down to ONU by management channels, make ONU know the multicast sign of the video traffic that oneself needs selective reception; The message that simultaneously IGMP joined request is sent to multicast router;
(203) multicast router is receiving that IGMP joins request behind the message corresponding relation of foundation group and virtual LAN VLAN, and forwarding multicasting video traffic;
(204) after OLT receives the group broadcasting video frequency Business Stream, multicast sign is inserted the LLID LLID territory in the lead code of multicast message, and the broadcasting of group broadcasting video frequency Business Stream is handed down to each ONU;
When (205) ONU receives the message that has the multicast sign, group broadcasting video frequency Business Stream according to the corresponding multicast sign of the multicast correspondence table selective reception of sending under the OLT, again according to the user multicast filter table, transmit this group broadcasting video frequency Business Stream to the user port of initiating the IGMP request message, watch selected group broadcasting program for the user.
Corresponding forwarding relation between the multicast group that described step (201) ONU generates each video traffic and each user port of this ONU, and step (205) ONU is according to the multicast correspondence table selective reception group broadcasting video frequency Business Stream of sending under the OLT, again according to the user multicast filter table, to the operation of user port forwarding multicasting stream, all be to utilize the Snooping mechanism of trying to find out of IGMP IGMP to realize.
It is each mutually different LLID LLID that system reserves that described multicast identifies, and is used for this multicast sign is distributed to each multicast group, generates the corresponding relation of the sign ID of multicast sign and user ONU, forms the multicast correspondence table; And after this multicast sign being inserted LLID LLID territory in the lead code of multicast message, the group broadcasting video frequency Business Stream is handed down to each ONU, for its selective reception.
The present invention be a kind of in ethernet passive optical network EPON system the implementation method of efficient video multicast, this method is to carry out on the basis of video multicast at existing employing IGMP Proxy/Snooping, realize to the topological structure of multiple spot and broadcast mechanism in conjunction with the intrinsic point of EPON system itself, can overcome originally and will on OLT, duplicate a video traffic separately for each user who adds multicast group, the shortcoming that descending multicast bandwidth utilance is obviously reduced, realize single copy multicast, promptly on OLT, only duplicate a video traffic for each group, each user of same multicast group shares this video traffic in the network, improved the utilance of downlink bandwidth greatly, thereby remarkable conserve network bandwidth, reduce offered load, realized the efficient video multicast in the EPON system.And, the present invention only needs existing elements OLT and ONU are carried out software upgrading, and the PON network configuration is not made any changes, implementation method is simple, convenient, implement easily, can either realize forward compatibility to already used EPON system, also be easy to and data network IGMP multicast protocol is realized intercommunication.
Adopt the broadband access network of EPON system to provide higher bandwidth, can satisfy the transmission needs of the video traffic of any video compression format, can also in transmission course, provide higher QoS to ensure for each user.Simultaneously, because the EPON network has the structure that a little arrives multiple spot, and supports multicast protocol, can support multicast functionality preferably, be that the best user of video multicasting inserts means.Therefore, the implementation method of the present invention's efficient video multicast in the EPON system is very significant, its application prospect is very good: can utilize the multicast feature of network that many new value-added services are provided easily, comprise the information service field of the Internets such as online live, Web TV, long-distance education, tele-medicine, network radio station, real-time video meeting.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure composition of multi-cast system and the schematic flow sheet that present EPON system realizes video multicasting.
Fig. 2 is the flow diagram of the present invention's efficient multicast implementation method in the EPON system.
Fig. 3 is the schematic flow sheet of the present invention's efficient multicast implementation method in the EPON system.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The thinking or the starting point of efficient multicast implementation method of the present invention are: in the EPON system, the Multi-point Control Protocol MPCP (multi point control protocol) of MAC control sublayer is core and basis.MPCP controls the topological structure of visit point-to-multipoint by message, state machine and timer.The content that MPCP relates to comprises the automatic discovery of distribution, ONU of ONU sending time slots and adding, to high level report congestion situation, so that dynamic bandwidth allocation.
In the topological structure of EPON system point-to-multipoint, each ONU comprises a MPCP entity, and it can carry out interacting message with the MPCP entity among the OLT.MPCP has stipulated a kind of effective transmission of coordination data and the controlling mechanism of reception between OLT and ONU: in system's running, up direction only allows an ONU to send a moment, be responsible for handling the congested report of the timing of transmission, different ONU by the high level of OLT, thereby optimize the allocated bandwidth of PON internal system.Point-to-point emulation sub-layer is the key component in the EPON/MPCP agreement, by increasing the prefix that LLID LLID (logical link identification) substitutes 2 bytes to each grouping bag, thereby for OLT was high-rise, the performance of the network topology of point-to-multipoint was the set of a plurality of point-to-point links.
Because each optical network unit ONU by should " ONU ID " discerning each ONU, realizes functions such as range finding, time slot allocation for optical line terminal OLT by the identity of unique separately device identification " ONU ID " sign oneself.Therefore, downlink data packet all can have ONU ID, and each ONU discerns the data of oneself in view of the above.The attempt of any monitoring simultaneously,, destruction and eavesdropping ONU port communication also can't be implemented.
Referring to Fig. 2, be presented in existing employing IGMP Proxy/Snooping and carry out on the basis of video multicast the efficient multicast implementation method of the present invention of proposition:
(1) system defines the device identification ONUID that indicates its identity respectively for each optical network unit ONU, and is the definition of the Media Stream-multicast group-respectively multicast sign separately of different content;
(2) point that utilizes the EPON system is to multipoint configuration, and the broadcast mechanism that IGMP IGMP and EPON network is descending combines, and realizes the single copy multicast of same video traffic in the EPON system.When just the multicast of the channel selection of initiating by set-top box or PC as the user joined request through ONU, this ONU monitored and writes down this request, sets up the multicast filtering table of the multicast group corresponding relation of user port and video traffic; Described multicast joins request up when the optical line terminal OLT, and this OLT monitors and write down this request, and the device identification ONU ID that this multicast joins request and the multicast correspondence table of multicast group corresponding relation are sent in foundation; Like this, when the group broadcasting video frequency Business Stream was issued to OLT, this OLT determined whether to receive the pairing video traffic of this multicast group according to the multicast correspondence table; And issue when arriving ONU when video traffic,, and user multicast is controlled according to this video traffic of multicast correspondence table selective reception by ONU: business is transmitted to which or which user port according to the multicast filtering table.
Referring to Fig. 3, introduce the detailed process of the specific implementation step of the inventive method:
(1) user uses IPTV set-top box STB or PC by sending the dynamic host configuration protocol DHCP request, obtains an IP address from Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server;
(2) the broadband access authentication server is verified the username and password that STB/PC reports, and after authentication, obtains the listing of the TV station that provided by video server from video service website;
(3) user's selection station synchronization that uses a teleswitch, choose program after, STB/PC can send the IGMP multicast message that joins request to multicast router;
(4) when IGMP joins request message process ONU, ONU monitors and record this message, generate a pairing video traffic of this program as the corresponding relation between multicast member and the ONU user port, and this relation is stored in the user multicast filter table, simultaneously, IGMP is joined request message is transmitted to OLT;
(5) when IGMP joins request message process OLT, OLT also monitors and record this message, for each multicast group is distributed a multicast sign, the corresponding relation of the sign ID of the ONU that regeneration multicast sign and user use, form the multicast correspondence table, be handed down to ONU by the system management passage then, make ONU know and oneself can receive the group broadcasting video frequency Business Stream which multicast identifies; The message that simultaneously IGMP joined request is sent to multicast router;
(6) multicast router is receiving that IGMP joins request behind the message foundation group and VLAN corresponding relation, and forwarding multicasting video traffic;
(7) after OLT receives the group broadcasting video frequency Business Stream, the LLID territory in the lead code of multicast message is filled to the multicast sign, and the group broadcasting video frequency Business Stream is broadcast to ONU;
When (8) ONU receives the message of band multicast sign, according to the corresponding group broadcasting video frequency Business Stream of sending under the OLT of multicast correspondence table selective reception, and according to the user multicast filter table, to the user port forwarding multicasting video traffic of initiating the IGMP request message, play for STB/PC, the user watches selected group broadcasting program.