CA2643160A1 - A surgical isolator - Google Patents
A surgical isolator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2643160A1 CA2643160A1 CA002643160A CA2643160A CA2643160A1 CA 2643160 A1 CA2643160 A1 CA 2643160A1 CA 002643160 A CA002643160 A CA 002643160A CA 2643160 A CA2643160 A CA 2643160A CA 2643160 A1 CA2643160 A1 CA 2643160A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- bird
- isolator
- surgical
- cradle
- sterile
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61D—VETERINARY INSTRUMENTS, IMPLEMENTS, TOOLS, OR METHODS
- A61D3/00—Appliances for supporting or fettering animals for operative purposes
Abstract
This invention is directed to a surgical isolator and cradle, suitable for the use in a surgical method involving the removal of prematura eggs from birds m order to generate germ-free eggs and birds. In particular, the surgical isolator is used in the generation of birds of specified germ-free status.
Description
A SURGICAL ISOLATOR
Fiel(I of #hic inyeratiorr TR1e. present kf1.`tir3tiori B".a t.flri.'.i;t'>:'`.d to as4.Fr(If-1l d:i}Llor and cradle. SE)ltalbl+L for (11E' E1S{:
Irl a `.il,JrgIt.,il me.ttlod for refi tov43E C7f prema4ttJC+? E'ggs (rC~ni bildti. in ()idiir tol fjetleralto fjt,'..rtl~'{rfTf? (f~{~~ eArid hfrd!-:.
Backc7rouvirl to 111p Inuf nfion The {I~it Sf,1rgEc;31 E''.i47~ 3t~tl xvJt?fL' C:eltf<k1ped for CJsE..' in gflot[71*AC:S '.hJlf.?fC."
laboratory animals .vt:J'R:~? f;1bta3:tlrlid by d0vt~flng ',i1liw:fl s7r31mal+i fraE7i ifji?1f F}sjronts by (f!r.:Ctly tlr1lo r:]Il a4f?ptiu GnvJrC}r1ri3GIit.
, .y Eorcl,imn P.t+.rrIt a(kplic:<ation ric. 03650109 i.,~ t9irnctscl to a method of rearing a Nrd tif sp~~cifiittl contamirlatiorr free status. The tl~~~lt~~r,~ taf this ~ippIii aiiori comprises hoaisÃrtg a bir(f as a pttrerit bird, 5utcprwEfll}+ runio6ng an tl;iqcf iri it,, shOl from the p;ir~.>nt bird priorto transfer ofthe et;q to the i.loat.a tr3 Ihepar~.xni Piro, int:tstx~tir7fi ) the e gq and h,3lcliinei 1he egg Ia prctluco a I a, it,q birtt. The ipplis.~tiriri a15a Ihe Ikft;af(1diwl of aviarl etlÃfs of :~~ecffii~d t=odll::7mir7Latiotro #'rb'te, s1atu's,.
Thx? plo~,eflt invention is C()11ceft1~.'.(J tal IEh Li sLII'g3caI
is(kl;:lt'(Jf iYn~ cradle f[3f (Jsk:'. 1r7 slurife pmcr;dure:s for ot>!iainsrv,] e:zd~.j~; ~3r~ti birds of tit~~:~t:iftz>{j {~urn3-fr~ e ~;tti:~ti~~;.
Iti tti3;'3 ~,pcn=.9ficv-#tEi)rl. IR1tW tdSm9 ct7flti]n'14laj;(.1n E:* (Es=f:d x,''b~'.ry broadly iYwl rcdati}s tta nian,l I~;sth,cs.tr rt~ and irl(et;tiow, Iliitt can f:i: (-,x6i}(f Ejy birds'. pmtia)1<trt,f, ~YOUltry such a*, chickens twri twrF;(,,ys vrtlich ar(,.~ used ~=.~cfc f;i tfa prod4,cc. flocks of bir(is for breeding to i>rod=e fr;rt le eggs for commercial pru:iucdi;)n arld to ProdLIct. t:qqs and (7w,,43t fof human I on: uo1i}tl(971. FlJdh49f, %l1 h t: ]4~,~',~ a111Et birds a3rt? l~'~il:j !Iy the rttanufajt.twe of .3 0-,,3de rorige of !'aidotti;;al swb%tane.es including vaccines, antibodtr's.
wnnocloriaf arltibodic:C, hbmbAMs and pmmjri,, boitl for Iht~:r4~t~~ rat t t'~ri~i kxyl~)Ctdt;:
use 3rr 1?i::oWe and an ni i1s. Ttli;. f ate ft,,rthsw.r used exten ,ivF31y fcar t9iagnostic (~.~sIs anÃf the pm:iridtn of Vawst;ereiõ egg;; and birriis. Many of these uses r;:.quir'e eggs ~-3rlt:4br Me t:idds Foodtmed frorr7 Mem to be fri,e of caitl'=wr a1) or qpebfii;d conlamirjonts such :;.l~, infections, lfidudrr1g a '1t3rlt'.t}r of :ipi:C;r{~'.s W parasite, ba;:terli'!, myCL~~~[aSrTlal vlrllse:i, rt ~f~9 rlP1t F' dr, pflo.`}nk ONti and RNA {ragmF3f7t. .i.
~%f7rY~~~ER1]t 4, VIi? VI(l3",l;;': C".i3~l be srYli7ll 1~.7rusE?s Irl.'W;jiElg i;}lurllil and paf5f} '.'iruses. Some of Hle bacteria fror1i n;ri!lict7 eggs are aften c3onWmin:aWd irxW:i~.~ Clastridia ar7d Enterot)a;:ierio. There are "any nan,athugenii; clanisÃr3stha[ shotlld bi,, r;ontrofleci. Snriila;rly, many ctf the I l.) I713'::rC)-Llt] ]f71`.+mti whth 1fmbdS.: pi3m'.iltf's, al.:r{)bic ar1(I
anileratJ;~f'., ba(;ti'I1;1, E=C}i31wF''r7-~-fl ;i:pfVL:rfts tutij '`,if)eC:ii.?s aSsoclated k,i~it}1 the gL1t. are Un{~.L?s11't-9bCe. S1riillilr{y~
~~ycofalt3sma, lKi>,rsc.s int:.lutng retroWfz~~es, Inionw, fungi, ~Qast and rYloWds are ,I1..O, 4indr 5iratAe, 1>> The:tOori?, the tq:::.nu 'ti;rÃ:.c:ifietl r;.ortlanlirl;:I#iorl lrf~e os 'qerv-Iroe status' r:tsuEcf im;Eudi:taa~r~~e or all e~i Ih~~~.vr; and i~
riiucRl t,ar~~ad~.lr th7,lrr j4~4t freL Of :~F.~.~.ife~=t1 E~~itf~,~.j~.n~.. r-or tr=.xr3niple. ~t~r~Lri r7ttc~r~t~1 sF:v:.ific pathagLr3 frGe? (SPf~) are not i;pek..iftd trc?e from some erru.~:~s and Atti:ti:d can t,io Cor3tamhati.~d >ilh baUeria. Thus, for r:irtlain i,ÃsEl*;, tPt~ t_?
rt7Liy be tjuffii:rtor7t. Th3 ii.;e to which thÃ~ eqgs~ arld 1lli:: birds are to 1;.e put ;v3ll di~torrr3 ne Me cc Mam da nts tÃ7Lat the egg ~~r k}i.rd rraust E~e free tif.
t:,a nti=~,~ntikirla l g e ri7y-ftee and sar~~~ -SPF egr~s are deriYed by treating fresh naIura11y tai[1 i}ggs', vi+tta ~tlr.r~pit ~1,. in,ltrdirlcl disit7A;tants and ar7tibbtlts, and f;Lic;6ng thetlt iri ~ f~4:3l~rs Such naturally laid eggs are taken fmrn sekded pxent slack Oirds. 'ArklilQ lh~~se nlc}tf7otls have been t'ehativr.=.ly soct;.ev;;ful irl Iiio f,mdudbn of SPF ect.t ;, they h,rttit been El. trtily suct,essful in producing ;,hat are contirlninant frer_} eq .gs Hta :;ouer, the chemii:,:)1<; are not ak=,ile to i:hn1rnate c:.ontarninatE;:3r1 frot7i, for exawpl(-~. bacteria emmtg the E:st:sws of lhe eggshel[ irnmedi4rti::l1+ after l,-iying and before dEsintec=1iory.
cor7tarrliciatit:}rl of eggs, v,l1ethhc~r SPF, germ-free or gnoiofaiotiic, rr:suEls in Ioss-- Ãat E:Ueilj?Ilcltlõ!:'':'~'Itf7 t}pi::.6ffce9tlo11i and, Ir1 rTTan}f It'FM43r1cec loss of (:onlrYl('16e:il z3rld EJtillty.
StaterrientoF li'te lrw~ r~t~i~tt Ar:.cortling to a ftr.;t asf:e..t of We irtymAicat7. if;t re W, Ffro ,;cfr:d a Merflo- SL.ar?Jir,~1l iSOfOtOr zind cr;adEo, for o bird viijich f.zCnkfes a vdlich a pr~,~t;iõ1ure iv puriorrtta;t9 i ompsrsincl an tott.car mmde of tm1J:; wilh at Nasl t:,,ro rtlavt?d ports, a Solid i,S~71ator floor tvhcll provides on operating srrrfaL+:~ ~md a i.wr;ical f.,;)rt within Ilif-, t:olr(i rsclLatof I10,0r;
zi &radls';. for receMFl{j and I};.15i11(7riing :3 L4C1 during a ~tt'ril~~
~Sl.1fqIf:al ptt]u dure h3as,1iog an open aril closed pCasitw wh?:mt the cradEe ortalq'i;s the stab'o posili.irtirg of itt~* op`arating surfnco 1 `:; of the E.~ird relat~vo to ttit. ~) ni~.,rsiltirirl suri~it:e- (,)ft~le isolator =txl2 ihat the opt.ratiwj suriac;-i; of the bird rtta,'be operated on through tlle t,urr,ii.j1 I;ort.' an(i whaeO the cmdE,' iri tl~io t:bsecl FmsiEWtl lrro;riitos a comWet~.~ an.! =We . t3ir si..{a1 to be rtiairtMittod between a bird (iri ttt~3 crottfe wld thf,~
surgical IXjrf f~ccorrlhr7g to zi secondl X~~jv~ctof thf, irivd:.tiEion, thvr~, rs pr'avidt.ci avielhoai ofwsintl 1Ii,a. :orqit,al isoIa(rar and cradle according to nny of lirr: preceding c1arw41,;l1er~in We 4wgic.bd Ptart is seawci s,it11 a lirs( layer of siF-~rile transF,43rt:r.r)t adhe:3ivo-lilm;
thl~ op~)ratjnq SwrU:Ice of the hir[l i;; cleaned t-ind sterilif:ed ~3rcl the-Atj is f>l~ic_efl ori thzcrradf~.> iri 4ftotsp+?r7 posi1i:m:
il RliYr7CJ+~' SIrlp Cat tr`r9n`.ipilr('.rlt ,3Gjhlt'.~7'r'L filftl k4 r1~ :;
th~~ bird:
a d,ec:or1d f~iser of ,lerflc~ tran-sparent at1h1e8lvo fifrri R~ .f c~t1 ~?
t1 >:r~
r1,3rrr},v sIrip c>f a rihe,ii.i film tA r,d 817ry i:radie i,-, moved into the cloi;es:1 F,~otiiti;irt ia em,;tlr=i;
s1i4h1+:? ~~SilEli~f~ir~~ of 1h opa.ratmg suriace~ of the bird, prefet-abfy iht; aLdar73en, rolatii~ro to fitr?
opil"ratir~g, srJrfacir (i! Ihi~ surghc.al iso9Mar~
l','11er~.:'Prl the fIrst layer is in contact with 1l1G `..1."i.aF1d ;3df-1e >.1;10 l;1yL?r and a caflgplOo air sL:3l is (:rl::.i.lled r1i tr l;!?f~ ttli'. Wird and t}'ei;" ~l3rL~RC jh I`.9~~i3~CSr.
~. Dat:aftad Descri ..tion of the Invenlion ffi gi~r7i~-1';d t!'rftls, il1e if1verltii?T'f 17rC14'f~~ a .`i4,Jr'C)E;;r3h I
f7L-il4f and {:re:ldit af1d weln.`, for t!!9rf1g it t(7 p4uvliii: z3 c(]fita ll11F1atie.ln irt'_'l= almL.i`=eph9.Sre ifl 1'>11101 a sufqlci)I prt7coduro {.;:](1 be I:,Qrfc rnw.;l. Thi~ sutr;ical proc>/clot(: ir."ol+,res Rh1e ^;;ort~rt;l-~h-reR71av.'31 pf a prry.mt3ituro :
The cloaca is the t rinciplc.~ area of c:ortlarr3irsatEon t,,~ithirs zi la4t~, The i.?i.~ 3c;] i~~ a chamber linkcd to E th O1t:.= dlgesti>.rt: and reprodr,t.lhvr.a 5yr-Merw=1s of the bird, 1h >':.~tefc]ro an r:~qc:# nr1d fazc";.es may !~e present in tPt(~ c:toic;:3 zlt 1he ttan1sw.
tir7lcr. The (7-.gg, prior to :5 i;nterinct tht. ; Ioae:d is fri_?e Gf t.or,tawinatiorj, as an {~+#zl010l is poraeJ's iy~E rr> ~Ã con#aminatharl 9*=tlerl th~.? r.xgg I? ~: ~:r frt7riro th1~.~
repro (jL:.ctivr: .~Ystem thtotagh alle docica is a major proNcRv. Sy;ecifi:, n)cthads are rc-Lctui.ri:o to rz~nmvi~ it irorii th1i~~
parent birt9 v:tilfst moinE<:tining sk~rilrty Y;t>Id then, E;ecmj5~,, of 4s prR?r7latwhty. aa;icjitiorul sf.ec+7ic methods are roquir;;'ti to incubate aR1d haEd1 i~ sui:ci.:sAPtu[Iy and r:orl^tf.4tentiy.
ihG' pr~u4er1t invs.,nC*n is s~ir+ cvl~ ~ to ~i t,,4,rqtcaà isolaior zir1ci cradle for u4i;.
in il prj:ril ~l~~ri~ ri.n1u"~~~(1 iri tI{w sh i:l1 from a h~ yrerlt birc:J prior to lho tr~~u'ksfi:r riit ttt+r e,tq to the cI:.racil. As Ihu~
preser1E iil.*:~i;:ntRon is tlir'ucw~d IG Obfa ning a t{f.ml-fros* i,tij, iE is iiilperalF.re that th.? surc~ical id,Ã:rlatar -,3rtd cr lt11e providx, a s1r:.rflc.F fcir thc- prracc;;furo to h: ~ rarrif:d out ir7.
Przrfo,rak3ly+, EhILY surgh iI i";o1alt]r sltriuItl inju[ae5 a steri!1}
r~4~tic t~~a: atmr.~spflere, Af.ctkrdincl to one i rliEliAi3iletit of tlle invc:r}tratl, ttir: i~,clzlltor ~,uitatwlt;: for -;urgE,.aE
rtmflfpl11t:111iwi is r71ai:~t: of :'riil!Is, which rTlt:]j,! }.;.o flb;?:kbit":.'. 1':IIh at lf::ast t1'i'0 g!C711:d P+i}d`.:i fOr ~LWPi(:-L3h rq~t~rli~~4~1t31dt7~1, a :3t parMe crltry liart and a -ss:+l;d isall-itear floor eJi*ua1e>::l ~~atasr+_ gr0u nd, frl tljs; isolMor f;o;-ir it) frtir7t of the qlo'ri~Ãf thmeis a .,h~i~,ciaJ
~-Ljrgicd3J pwt.'~rF:.f~rd3t~I3r, thQ surgica! [,~tart ffra}t k<tr approxhr~lat(,,~ly 200rYSt7l x 3[9[7 tnrt't, The h91fds ~3r1, presented and fl0d for SLJr+'#(.'Pj+ L1SI171~) r:lrl AJL1SMbiy;
cr.>Ic9!i? ,atrickr ts Pi' otahoy zltta,.h=~ci or Nng~--,d to #tie ~~rqa~:>r ic3i~ of 1h1e tsol;lior floor ketoo ihle surajic,.;tl port:
The {iurg(ct3h I~{Jli-1[or and <i.?sf`di-1l+=.'iFj f.'..i~~~ipwÃyr7t may ~:,7~: S`teriljsi;d u rllq a coriibiraation of mcrihods Gr1Lfuiiinq hic,:Aa moisture (sti:r>ni), mili:ilion and ch=l~.~rr1i1;~1~;, such al1(Po1' ofqi1rwC odi' ia~ith zl;cG)h(A. Slerlli.#lI,lrl 171elh"L~~N that tf,a not IÃ>I3pa'iir th;:r vrLAbility r f th"v, Strt;r-iIcl Dd1Ey bi:~
Furlhi;fmc]ri?, IG r~~axRS31isefre8ttow fiow N3cter1 a zirZd spres,, 1Ã1 sterqiu-il ~.xquihnif"rit shlotaH t.o clarY1il1a-i~
tir,~:~ire9ir7r; E~a a preferred enlbO<ti.r71z~?ryt e~f t~~;' irl ta~~rr~hc.~~l i5t~f;Itr#tw should !?~~.,~
thoroughly t:l+`mrletl, s9rhi_0, 4ptay'ed wiEh al:.ohtal {'ey,~it)sure limi~
of at 41:1si 10 r3iiri), dri~.'ei, 1'urlyi:jz3led i',,lth 2-5` il %' v ~,`=i ri~i:Ltl .,'36d ~i?'?SpasElr(IrEvf: at k?~a5l 20 f31rS11 tl:;S~.
Tirc> aiwrrsphi~:ri~ of 1h1o surclir:-ai isolator mil}f htw purt;ed ',aJtfl sti;.ri1R~:~, filtzi;rof1 air la embfyC1);dE; .{ty, Electrical and other equipment not mJhtilf7l{?. for sjeiy Crr:AidtJt3t1 or pr rcd4"..F?t c add 'ilerliii'.c3ICUr1 tilay [:~e yti;'flllz[3d L]S1nq t:ow171C:'.rcla9 f?lkl}'It''r13.' osi.f("~ slE.rilisaijg 4YstQr~~ ~TPIii?di Os7cP;, or pruferat:ty t%I,it e c.-,ich for 24 IjL7L3rs.
Accordirtg to svi;r8her embo:fiwent cif ttto invenlinn ~tth ;x siti<da, trnnsparenl1 st+:~iihTy, ~ura~i,.a~1 plastic or odE~d~si~,~~~, films rr)i,~+ be ij~ec~ to ~~r:l~i~.~4~d4 Lj ~t ~t~9ar -Iir t-~tõr?r~n `-I the ~td:d li ~} f s.uriico, of thi~ h;:rd and tho Ã~uljtor.
At,corrtrnq tta a prMx~rrÃyd ernlxfc.flmr?d7t of the rn*:'enkm. the Jur( jiczi1 paÃt is, t}dd,fd Ie3l~ly s!}.~,hf:d rti]t71 a Irantipar(:nt pic3rilor addhe5iv[k flIm to ona4jilx LhL:
iarma1iiln of a cpmp1e1~ and .tt.-9ta1c.:iir f.ti~t'=>'r:ion thr~ stc}rrfi~7i~d 5tjrf;:Ice of t110 t.irci and the 1 Ci 0F<tiJM1r1 tO ttIL-' SUrgical iso1ator.
Ai;cordEng to a most prOr.lrrd..ii owN:tfimi;nt ttit~ 5urqi;,al [,Kirt is sc.}.3fcd ~val3i a firs t ~~,rE~r (4 slerito iransp~irenf ~-Whe,iv4w film, :3 bird is plau:t9 ory We cradle and tho~ surfL~co Gf the f;ird is ~t~ r i cr f. a i7adruia slrip of Iran;..pard.?nt nL1tzo~~ivcY
Eilrii is pICic.eÃ1 on tlio :3tt.nlt it;:# bird, a secorid I;iyrer, rasuttliy larger, of Stt:;rilT?
Iranspar(~nf adtto~~ivo filrsi is f:skwed on tofi oti tht,3 d}arro+~,,~ strip taf ad}7(:~ive filrw artd the Cra~rf'o is pivati?df wto the, rlcasfxdl position to t-~nyure z,tat}~e pe]sit+oniryr# of fhe tairris af.d,mien r0otiVd* fG tht~
0,kz,~r-Mirtg yLatfacL of ttte surgGcah iSolLatcar, rON=reirt tljc first adhesive Eayer is Ão d.ontact vwitf7 ih~~ o,iPte^ii~~~e ttiy~.~r tancf a complete air seal ,", cret~(ett bQtvrd.or7 We tiirct 1t1~ Ih1L ~u~t~lt,:~l isoia1t)r.
Tti4, ~~:.cth~~Sik~i fil1175 5tiM,1;1 be apphed to skin Qf th; bird tifti~r t:ranip'a:rto remov~al of thof[)l~gh preparation and stp6li,-:;3lion C}f the 4:lfl ~.~nd rom;Jv'jf {Jf tilJR}e-rfi:3a1I
ks,raCocytd;=.; ant~ sf~,,Ibvw (using ciotergent, utcoho1 and Ãarganic icxliti(.).
õ ,..
Main1<<dian;:e of the into,~ritV of t}id filrtt ~~r~tf 1~~iCil~~tit~t7 of ~;ijrc~i~~71 ~.~~:x~~ro~3c:t7 is flnhj~jdtr~ed by lhs u-cf .~ ~r~a~ft~:=, ~~ f~:c~~ ~,~ sIF~h;~~ ~~s" ,~~d~i~r~~~ ~f i~7r~ ~}irri's aba;Eunir,r~ roIativty, to the aE,(:?ratlng ;ufiaee of the Surqica1 rsr~,~lator, r~r ~~rriir~i~ fr; a %IiPÃ fotlh u em1',ntiimpnl of Eh,i~ ir~~~~entinn codtiÃdniittion of tt1i: ~,~ il fntegftly wr3}' ~:i? iT'ki1CfC? USlf,q fll3ld td.;s( lyle:9ti.~l1a1q tiEJcfl as `.itÃ?rR,o h';'_hf.uFi3 C);ia.i 1&?;ast:?d asqUit &fI Wo Me sUrgtW kohWr arid 1eaRs di tocted exterr7L#11}+ by use of a helium t~~~s dr?tLi;tnr, AP4emahe1}~, Meryle rrdWpr QuWs (such ain iodine o9uti4:7n) r1my bT-, used arasf detected by visual insy3eclÃcati F'ref~;~r;i~~hy , ~.~r6ttv~~~E r~:srrinv~31 of the ~=rtl is b:;~t Cc~rt7p!i~tir,i r,~~ss;fdy+, at <~t Ã~i~~ f+ ~~ 1P~t~n 30 wrplCJti?i: fr(ihil 1rrt1e of E.uti'),:-r1atiii1, (o avtliil irT1paIrmzyfit ()f eI71bryo tv'ielh111ty+, The pohnr;ed usat of anai ;Mo1ie~ cw cyce5i~~e deb}rs k,?eNmi*n oWl7masia of Itie pamrtt tiiftI ar7:f ret~~ova1 ti th~.> egÃ1 v.ill aciv(, ts,cCy affect ewbry4) uiabilit}l.
0 thc;oMtg w a t:ti11 fuMer eml~~odmen1 of te imenkr) the, corc;fe.~l procedure for removal of lhi: pt?fniltllie egg from t":? [aMlCJs of Me b1rcf includes oiicI'45;.?Fl through the aMwsf:"~~ hkTl, Ifi,.tl;}r1 of qie s;tilf'3 of M~.'. h}ift3, transaction though 1l1e 5tlb;;L1li7r;i'f}l1fr, ftllJidt:, and pt,'.r1tCJ67E ag !,:1yL'Fs of lh1e t73r(j. The egg r1i=ly I7v removed from th3e bird c-rllipr in the inlar t, sealed (e.cl. c.Otrtpi;tofO Ut+yruq or tliret:l[y by iracision of 1lli:
15 Wemt., t'*till tiir~.~ct i:oMad bx.Wen Buitt fwms o! Ms'rilit;sng :;ofutitwns, <;hnuGd b4.2 avoided 9o coun8eract any ris~ of W7f76iirtaie- rit of emOryo viaf?i~~ity.
r`therrtaWely. tf~~~ suMiaR rr;.muml t.Ornprl;ew-...: prvrfornninq a I~-~pawWtr7y Octbn aril Qing s.~ff t1w ovWuct of to bird at both E'_r';~s wltft ` ,tJtl]fF3y tri3nsectinct 1lie- oiririuct tlistaà to e,:wh <_,utur8:
Fiel(I of #hic inyeratiorr TR1e. present kf1.`tir3tiori B".a t.flri.'.i;t'>:'`.d to as4.Fr(If-1l d:i}Llor and cradle. SE)ltalbl+L for (11E' E1S{:
Irl a `.il,JrgIt.,il me.ttlod for refi tov43E C7f prema4ttJC+? E'ggs (rC~ni bildti. in ()idiir tol fjetleralto fjt,'..rtl~'{rfTf? (f~{~~ eArid hfrd!-:.
Backc7rouvirl to 111p Inuf nfion The {I~it Sf,1rgEc;31 E''.i47~ 3t~tl xvJt?fL' C:eltf<k1ped for CJsE..' in gflot[71*AC:S '.hJlf.?fC."
laboratory animals .vt:J'R:~? f;1bta3:tlrlid by d0vt~flng ',i1liw:fl s7r31mal+i fraE7i ifji?1f F}sjronts by (f!r.:Ctly tlr1lo r:]Il a4f?ptiu GnvJrC}r1ri3GIit.
, .y Eorcl,imn P.t+.rrIt a(kplic:<ation ric. 03650109 i.,~ t9irnctscl to a method of rearing a Nrd tif sp~~cifiittl contamirlatiorr free status. The tl~~~lt~~r,~ taf this ~ippIii aiiori comprises hoaisÃrtg a bir(f as a pttrerit bird, 5utcprwEfll}+ runio6ng an tl;iqcf iri it,, shOl from the p;ir~.>nt bird priorto transfer ofthe et;q to the i.loat.a tr3 Ihepar~.xni Piro, int:tstx~tir7fi ) the e gq and h,3lcliinei 1he egg Ia prctluco a I a, it,q birtt. The ipplis.~tiriri a15a Ihe Ikft;af(1diwl of aviarl etlÃfs of :~~ecffii~d t=odll::7mir7Latiotro #'rb'te, s1atu's,.
Thx? plo~,eflt invention is C()11ceft1~.'.(J tal IEh Li sLII'g3caI
is(kl;:lt'(Jf iYn~ cradle f[3f (Jsk:'. 1r7 slurife pmcr;dure:s for ot>!iainsrv,] e:zd~.j~; ~3r~ti birds of tit~~:~t:iftz>{j {~urn3-fr~ e ~;tti:~ti~~;.
Iti tti3;'3 ~,pcn=.9ficv-#tEi)rl. IR1tW tdSm9 ct7flti]n'14laj;(.1n E:* (Es=f:d x,''b~'.ry broadly iYwl rcdati}s tta nian,l I~;sth,cs.tr rt~ and irl(et;tiow, Iliitt can f:i: (-,x6i}(f Ejy birds'. pmtia)1<trt,f, ~YOUltry such a*, chickens twri twrF;(,,ys vrtlich ar(,.~ used ~=.~cfc f;i tfa prod4,cc. flocks of bir(is for breeding to i>rod=e fr;rt le eggs for commercial pru:iucdi;)n arld to ProdLIct. t:qqs and (7w,,43t fof human I on: uo1i}tl(971. FlJdh49f, %l1 h t: ]4~,~',~ a111Et birds a3rt? l~'~il:j !Iy the rttanufajt.twe of .3 0-,,3de rorige of !'aidotti;;al swb%tane.es including vaccines, antibodtr's.
wnnocloriaf arltibodic:C, hbmbAMs and pmmjri,, boitl for Iht~:r4~t~~ rat t t'~ri~i kxyl~)Ctdt;:
use 3rr 1?i::oWe and an ni i1s. Ttli;. f ate ft,,rthsw.r used exten ,ivF31y fcar t9iagnostic (~.~sIs anÃf the pm:iridtn of Vawst;ereiõ egg;; and birriis. Many of these uses r;:.quir'e eggs ~-3rlt:4br Me t:idds Foodtmed frorr7 Mem to be fri,e of caitl'=wr a1) or qpebfii;d conlamirjonts such :;.l~, infections, lfidudrr1g a '1t3rlt'.t}r of :ipi:C;r{~'.s W parasite, ba;:terli'!, myCL~~~[aSrTlal vlrllse:i, rt ~f~9 rlP1t F' dr, pflo.`}nk ONti and RNA {ragmF3f7t. .i.
~%f7rY~~~ER1]t 4, VIi? VI(l3",l;;': C".i3~l be srYli7ll 1~.7rusE?s Irl.'W;jiElg i;}lurllil and paf5f} '.'iruses. Some of Hle bacteria fror1i n;ri!lict7 eggs are aften c3onWmin:aWd irxW:i~.~ Clastridia ar7d Enterot)a;:ierio. There are "any nan,athugenii; clanisÃr3stha[ shotlld bi,, r;ontrofleci. Snriila;rly, many ctf the I l.) I713'::rC)-Llt] ]f71`.+mti whth 1fmbdS.: pi3m'.iltf's, al.:r{)bic ar1(I
anileratJ;~f'., ba(;ti'I1;1, E=C}i31wF''r7-~-fl ;i:pfVL:rfts tutij '`,if)eC:ii.?s aSsoclated k,i~it}1 the gL1t. are Un{~.L?s11't-9bCe. S1riillilr{y~
~~ycofalt3sma, lKi>,rsc.s int:.lutng retroWfz~~es, Inionw, fungi, ~Qast and rYloWds are ,I1..O, 4indr 5iratAe, 1>> The:tOori?, the tq:::.nu 'ti;rÃ:.c:ifietl r;.ortlanlirl;:I#iorl lrf~e os 'qerv-Iroe status' r:tsuEcf im;Eudi:taa~r~~e or all e~i Ih~~~.vr; and i~
riiucRl t,ar~~ad~.lr th7,lrr j4~4t freL Of :~F.~.~.ife~=t1 E~~itf~,~.j~.n~.. r-or tr=.xr3niple. ~t~r~Lri r7ttc~r~t~1 sF:v:.ific pathagLr3 frGe? (SPf~) are not i;pek..iftd trc?e from some erru.~:~s and Atti:ti:d can t,io Cor3tamhati.~d >ilh baUeria. Thus, for r:irtlain i,ÃsEl*;, tPt~ t_?
rt7Liy be tjuffii:rtor7t. Th3 ii.;e to which thÃ~ eqgs~ arld 1lli:: birds are to 1;.e put ;v3ll di~torrr3 ne Me cc Mam da nts tÃ7Lat the egg ~~r k}i.rd rraust E~e free tif.
t:,a nti=~,~ntikirla l g e ri7y-ftee and sar~~~ -SPF egr~s are deriYed by treating fresh naIura11y tai[1 i}ggs', vi+tta ~tlr.r~pit ~1,. in,ltrdirlcl disit7A;tants and ar7tibbtlts, and f;Lic;6ng thetlt iri ~ f~4:3l~rs Such naturally laid eggs are taken fmrn sekded pxent slack Oirds. 'ArklilQ lh~~se nlc}tf7otls have been t'ehativr.=.ly soct;.ev;;ful irl Iiio f,mdudbn of SPF ect.t ;, they h,rttit been El. trtily suct,essful in producing ;,hat are contirlninant frer_} eq .gs Hta :;ouer, the chemii:,:)1<; are not ak=,ile to i:hn1rnate c:.ontarninatE;:3r1 frot7i, for exawpl(-~. bacteria emmtg the E:st:sws of lhe eggshel[ irnmedi4rti::l1+ after l,-iying and before dEsintec=1iory.
cor7tarrliciatit:}rl of eggs, v,l1ethhc~r SPF, germ-free or gnoiofaiotiic, rr:suEls in Ioss-- Ãat E:Ueilj?Ilcltlõ!:'':'~'Itf7 t}pi::.6ffce9tlo11i and, Ir1 rTTan}f It'FM43r1cec loss of (:onlrYl('16e:il z3rld EJtillty.
StaterrientoF li'te lrw~ r~t~i~tt Ar:.cortling to a ftr.;t asf:e..t of We irtymAicat7. if;t re W, Ffro ,;cfr:d a Merflo- SL.ar?Jir,~1l iSOfOtOr zind cr;adEo, for o bird viijich f.zCnkfes a vdlich a pr~,~t;iõ1ure iv puriorrtta;t9 i ompsrsincl an tott.car mmde of tm1J:; wilh at Nasl t:,,ro rtlavt?d ports, a Solid i,S~71ator floor tvhcll provides on operating srrrfaL+:~ ~md a i.wr;ical f.,;)rt within Ilif-, t:olr(i rsclLatof I10,0r;
zi &radls';. for receMFl{j and I};.15i11(7riing :3 L4C1 during a ~tt'ril~~
~Sl.1fqIf:al ptt]u dure h3as,1iog an open aril closed pCasitw wh?:mt the cradEe ortalq'i;s the stab'o posili.irtirg of itt~* op`arating surfnco 1 `:; of the E.~ird relat~vo to ttit. ~) ni~.,rsiltirirl suri~it:e- (,)ft~le isolator =txl2 ihat the opt.ratiwj suriac;-i; of the bird rtta,'be operated on through tlle t,urr,ii.j1 I;ort.' an(i whaeO the cmdE,' iri tl~io t:bsecl FmsiEWtl lrro;riitos a comWet~.~ an.! =We . t3ir si..{a1 to be rtiairtMittod between a bird (iri ttt~3 crottfe wld thf,~
surgical IXjrf f~ccorrlhr7g to zi secondl X~~jv~ctof thf, irivd:.tiEion, thvr~, rs pr'avidt.ci avielhoai ofwsintl 1Ii,a. :orqit,al isoIa(rar and cradle according to nny of lirr: preceding c1arw41,;l1er~in We 4wgic.bd Ptart is seawci s,it11 a lirs( layer of siF-~rile transF,43rt:r.r)t adhe:3ivo-lilm;
thl~ op~)ratjnq SwrU:Ice of the hir[l i;; cleaned t-ind sterilif:ed ~3rcl the-Atj is f>l~ic_efl ori thzcrradf~.> iri 4ftotsp+?r7 posi1i:m:
il RliYr7CJ+~' SIrlp Cat tr`r9n`.ipilr('.rlt ,3Gjhlt'.~7'r'L filftl k4 r1~ :;
th~~ bird:
a d,ec:or1d f~iser of ,lerflc~ tran-sparent at1h1e8lvo fifrri R~ .f c~t1 ~?
t1 >:r~
r1,3rrr},v sIrip c>f a rihe,ii.i film tA r,d 817ry i:radie i,-, moved into the cloi;es:1 F,~otiiti;irt ia em,;tlr=i;
s1i4h1+:? ~~SilEli~f~ir~~ of 1h opa.ratmg suriace~ of the bird, prefet-abfy iht; aLdar73en, rolatii~ro to fitr?
opil"ratir~g, srJrfacir (i! Ihi~ surghc.al iso9Mar~
l','11er~.:'Prl the fIrst layer is in contact with 1l1G `..1."i.aF1d ;3df-1e >.1;10 l;1yL?r and a caflgplOo air sL:3l is (:rl::.i.lled r1i tr l;!?f~ ttli'. Wird and t}'ei;" ~l3rL~RC jh I`.9~~i3~CSr.
~. Dat:aftad Descri ..tion of the Invenlion ffi gi~r7i~-1';d t!'rftls, il1e if1verltii?T'f 17rC14'f~~ a .`i4,Jr'C)E;;r3h I
f7L-il4f and {:re:ldit af1d weln.`, for t!!9rf1g it t(7 p4uvliii: z3 c(]fita ll11F1atie.ln irt'_'l= almL.i`=eph9.Sre ifl 1'>11101 a sufqlci)I prt7coduro {.;:](1 be I:,Qrfc rnw.;l. Thi~ sutr;ical proc>/clot(: ir."ol+,res Rh1e ^;;ort~rt;l-~h-reR71av.'31 pf a prry.mt3ituro :
The cloaca is the t rinciplc.~ area of c:ortlarr3irsatEon t,,~ithirs zi la4t~, The i.?i.~ 3c;] i~~ a chamber linkcd to E th O1t:.= dlgesti>.rt: and reprodr,t.lhvr.a 5yr-Merw=1s of the bird, 1h >':.~tefc]ro an r:~qc:# nr1d fazc";.es may !~e present in tPt(~ c:toic;:3 zlt 1he ttan1sw.
tir7lcr. The (7-.gg, prior to :5 i;nterinct tht. ; Ioae:d is fri_?e Gf t.or,tawinatiorj, as an {~+#zl010l is poraeJ's iy~E rr> ~Ã con#aminatharl 9*=tlerl th~.? r.xgg I? ~: ~:r frt7riro th1~.~
repro (jL:.ctivr: .~Ystem thtotagh alle docica is a major proNcRv. Sy;ecifi:, n)cthads are rc-Lctui.ri:o to rz~nmvi~ it irorii th1i~~
parent birt9 v:tilfst moinE<:tining sk~rilrty Y;t>Id then, E;ecmj5~,, of 4s prR?r7latwhty. aa;icjitiorul sf.ec+7ic methods are roquir;;'ti to incubate aR1d haEd1 i~ sui:ci.:sAPtu[Iy and r:orl^tf.4tentiy.
ihG' pr~u4er1t invs.,nC*n is s~ir+ cvl~ ~ to ~i t,,4,rqtcaà isolaior zir1ci cradle for u4i;.
in il prj:ril ~l~~ri~ ri.n1u"~~~(1 iri tI{w sh i:l1 from a h~ yrerlt birc:J prior to lho tr~~u'ksfi:r riit ttt+r e,tq to the cI:.racil. As Ihu~
preser1E iil.*:~i;:ntRon is tlir'ucw~d IG Obfa ning a t{f.ml-fros* i,tij, iE is iiilperalF.re that th.? surc~ical id,Ã:rlatar -,3rtd cr lt11e providx, a s1r:.rflc.F fcir thc- prracc;;furo to h: ~ rarrif:d out ir7.
Przrfo,rak3ly+, EhILY surgh iI i";o1alt]r sltriuItl inju[ae5 a steri!1}
r~4~tic t~~a: atmr.~spflere, Af.ctkrdincl to one i rliEliAi3iletit of tlle invc:r}tratl, ttir: i~,clzlltor ~,uitatwlt;: for -;urgE,.aE
rtmflfpl11t:111iwi is r71ai:~t: of :'riil!Is, which rTlt:]j,! }.;.o flb;?:kbit":.'. 1':IIh at lf::ast t1'i'0 g!C711:d P+i}d`.:i fOr ~LWPi(:-L3h rq~t~rli~~4~1t31dt7~1, a :3t parMe crltry liart and a -ss:+l;d isall-itear floor eJi*ua1e>::l ~~atasr+_ gr0u nd, frl tljs; isolMor f;o;-ir it) frtir7t of the qlo'ri~Ãf thmeis a .,h~i~,ciaJ
~-Ljrgicd3J pwt.'~rF:.f~rd3t~I3r, thQ surgica! [,~tart ffra}t k<tr approxhr~lat(,,~ly 200rYSt7l x 3[9[7 tnrt't, The h91fds ~3r1, presented and fl0d for SLJr+'#(.'Pj+ L1SI171~) r:lrl AJL1SMbiy;
cr.>Ic9!i? ,atrickr ts Pi' otahoy zltta,.h=~ci or Nng~--,d to #tie ~~rqa~:>r ic3i~ of 1h1e tsol;lior floor ketoo ihle surajic,.;tl port:
The {iurg(ct3h I~{Jli-1[or and <i.?sf`di-1l+=.'iFj f.'..i~~~ipwÃyr7t may ~:,7~: S`teriljsi;d u rllq a coriibiraation of mcrihods Gr1Lfuiiinq hic,:Aa moisture (sti:r>ni), mili:ilion and ch=l~.~rr1i1;~1~;, such al1(Po1' ofqi1rwC odi' ia~ith zl;cG)h(A. Slerlli.#lI,lrl 171elh"L~~N that tf,a not IÃ>I3pa'iir th;:r vrLAbility r f th"v, Strt;r-iIcl Dd1Ey bi:~
Furlhi;fmc]ri?, IG r~~axRS31isefre8ttow fiow N3cter1 a zirZd spres,, 1Ã1 sterqiu-il ~.xquihnif"rit shlotaH t.o clarY1il1a-i~
tir,~:~ire9ir7r; E~a a preferred enlbO<ti.r71z~?ryt e~f t~~;' irl ta~~rr~hc.~~l i5t~f;Itr#tw should !?~~.,~
thoroughly t:l+`mrletl, s9rhi_0, 4ptay'ed wiEh al:.ohtal {'ey,~it)sure limi~
of at 41:1si 10 r3iiri), dri~.'ei, 1'urlyi:jz3led i',,lth 2-5` il %' v ~,`=i ri~i:Ltl .,'36d ~i?'?SpasElr(IrEvf: at k?~a5l 20 f31rS11 tl:;S~.
Tirc> aiwrrsphi~:ri~ of 1h1o surclir:-ai isolator mil}f htw purt;ed ',aJtfl sti;.ri1R~:~, filtzi;rof1 air la embfyC1);dE; .{ty, Electrical and other equipment not mJhtilf7l{?. for sjeiy Crr:AidtJt3t1 or pr rcd4"..F?t c add 'ilerliii'.c3ICUr1 tilay [:~e yti;'flllz[3d L]S1nq t:ow171C:'.rcla9 f?lkl}'It''r13.' osi.f("~ slE.rilisaijg 4YstQr~~ ~TPIii?di Os7cP;, or pruferat:ty t%I,it e c.-,ich for 24 IjL7L3rs.
Accordirtg to svi;r8her embo:fiwent cif ttto invenlinn ~tth ;x siti<da, trnnsparenl1 st+:~iihTy, ~ura~i,.a~1 plastic or odE~d~si~,~~~, films rr)i,~+ be ij~ec~ to ~~r:l~i~.~4~d4 Lj ~t ~t~9ar -Iir t-~tõr?r~n `-I the ~td:d li ~} f s.uriico, of thi~ h;:rd and tho Ã~uljtor.
At,corrtrnq tta a prMx~rrÃyd ernlxfc.flmr?d7t of the rn*:'enkm. the Jur( jiczi1 paÃt is, t}dd,fd Ie3l~ly s!}.~,hf:d rti]t71 a Irantipar(:nt pic3rilor addhe5iv[k flIm to ona4jilx LhL:
iarma1iiln of a cpmp1e1~ and .tt.-9ta1c.:iir f.ti~t'=>'r:ion thr~ stc}rrfi~7i~d 5tjrf;:Ice of t110 t.irci and the 1 Ci 0F<tiJM1r1 tO ttIL-' SUrgical iso1ator.
Ai;cordEng to a most prOr.lrrd..ii owN:tfimi;nt ttit~ 5urqi;,al [,Kirt is sc.}.3fcd ~val3i a firs t ~~,rE~r (4 slerito iransp~irenf ~-Whe,iv4w film, :3 bird is plau:t9 ory We cradle and tho~ surfL~co Gf the f;ird is ~t~ r i cr f. a i7adruia slrip of Iran;..pard.?nt nL1tzo~~ivcY
Eilrii is pICic.eÃ1 on tlio :3tt.nlt it;:# bird, a secorid I;iyrer, rasuttliy larger, of Stt:;rilT?
Iranspar(~nf adtto~~ivo filrsi is f:skwed on tofi oti tht,3 d}arro+~,,~ strip taf ad}7(:~ive filrw artd the Cra~rf'o is pivati?df wto the, rlcasfxdl position to t-~nyure z,tat}~e pe]sit+oniryr# of fhe tairris af.d,mien r0otiVd* fG tht~
0,kz,~r-Mirtg yLatfacL of ttte surgGcah iSolLatcar, rON=reirt tljc first adhesive Eayer is Ão d.ontact vwitf7 ih~~ o,iPte^ii~~~e ttiy~.~r tancf a complete air seal ,", cret~(ett bQtvrd.or7 We tiirct 1t1~ Ih1L ~u~t~lt,:~l isoia1t)r.
Tti4, ~~:.cth~~Sik~i fil1175 5tiM,1;1 be apphed to skin Qf th; bird tifti~r t:ranip'a:rto remov~al of thof[)l~gh preparation and stp6li,-:;3lion C}f the 4:lfl ~.~nd rom;Jv'jf {Jf tilJR}e-rfi:3a1I
ks,raCocytd;=.; ant~ sf~,,Ibvw (using ciotergent, utcoho1 and Ãarganic icxliti(.).
õ ,..
Main1<<dian;:e of the into,~ritV of t}id filrtt ~~r~tf 1~~iCil~~tit~t7 of ~;ijrc~i~~71 ~.~~:x~~ro~3c:t7 is flnhj~jdtr~ed by lhs u-cf .~ ~r~a~ft~:=, ~~ f~:c~~ ~,~ sIF~h;~~ ~~s" ,~~d~i~r~~~ ~f i~7r~ ~}irri's aba;Eunir,r~ roIativty, to the aE,(:?ratlng ;ufiaee of the Surqica1 rsr~,~lator, r~r ~~rriir~i~ fr; a %IiPÃ fotlh u em1',ntiimpnl of Eh,i~ ir~~~~entinn codtiÃdniittion of tt1i: ~,~ il fntegftly wr3}' ~:i? iT'ki1CfC? USlf,q fll3ld td.;s( lyle:9ti.~l1a1q tiEJcfl as `.itÃ?rR,o h';'_hf.uFi3 C);ia.i 1&?;ast:?d asqUit &fI Wo Me sUrgtW kohWr arid 1eaRs di tocted exterr7L#11}+ by use of a helium t~~~s dr?tLi;tnr, AP4emahe1}~, Meryle rrdWpr QuWs (such ain iodine o9uti4:7n) r1my bT-, used arasf detected by visual insy3eclÃcati F'ref~;~r;i~~hy , ~.~r6ttv~~~E r~:srrinv~31 of the ~=rtl is b:;~t Cc~rt7p!i~tir,i r,~~ss;fdy+, at <~t Ã~i~~ f+ ~~ 1P~t~n 30 wrplCJti?i: fr(ihil 1rrt1e of E.uti'),:-r1atiii1, (o avtliil irT1paIrmzyfit ()f eI71bryo tv'ielh111ty+, The pohnr;ed usat of anai ;Mo1ie~ cw cyce5i~~e deb}rs k,?eNmi*n oWl7masia of Itie pamrtt tiiftI ar7:f ret~~ova1 ti th~.> egÃ1 v.ill aciv(, ts,cCy affect ewbry4) uiabilit}l.
0 thc;oMtg w a t:ti11 fuMer eml~~odmen1 of te imenkr) the, corc;fe.~l procedure for removal of lhi: pt?fniltllie egg from t":? [aMlCJs of Me b1rcf includes oiicI'45;.?Fl through the aMwsf:"~~ hkTl, Ifi,.tl;}r1 of qie s;tilf'3 of M~.'. h}ift3, transaction though 1l1e 5tlb;;L1li7r;i'f}l1fr, ftllJidt:, and pt,'.r1tCJ67E ag !,:1yL'Fs of lh1e t73r(j. The egg r1i=ly I7v removed from th3e bird c-rllipr in the inlar t, sealed (e.cl. c.Otrtpi;tofO Ut+yruq or tliret:l[y by iracision of 1lli:
15 Wemt., t'*till tiir~.~ct i:oMad bx.Wen Buitt fwms o! Ms'rilit;sng :;ofutitwns, <;hnuGd b4.2 avoided 9o coun8eract any ris~ of W7f76iirtaie- rit of emOryo viaf?i~~ity.
r`therrtaWely. tf~~~ suMiaR rr;.muml t.Ornprl;ew-...: prvrfornninq a I~-~pawWtr7y Octbn aril Qing s.~ff t1w ovWuct of to bird at both E'_r';~s wltft ` ,tJtl]fF3y tri3nsectinct 1lie- oiririuct tlistaà to e,:wh <_,utur8:
2 removing the egq endtaseet in the Oyidut:l;
+tÃ:.#E~G: kllt~ thi? C)Sif~l1.~
ri;?movhg If1e egt7: an(i _ ~~ ....
Tttie swr;ii:,lll pr~cedurr; USaA rTtt>IM eri,se,lrc; that the gut of Ifle bird i,,~ not Ã:oniar71ina'iter5 by '.,'asEe matcrlal a]rlt1 th~3E the egg i:a rtoE ctari'kacted, N3eptic t~::cftIlicJU~:~^; r71u~st ba? ut-0t:t9 ~~1 C~13:~ ~1 t) L9t.
Rrefemhl}+, tta~.-- bird is sacrificed by r.whan-;,,ia or Fi[Ging pr3or to rr~rrlovail of ltle r:tjq '41 its sholI. r'+ttr.rnati4+c1y. Ifle bird way lx~ ~ 1a1l1 lr~i: ~.~i, F+:*r;';aIe parent birds wa"rt t]o otlt ;r We or recently killed. Ãõive birds warr. a_,, c;onsÃslerit >v,th Eslllri": ei 1tq pa1 t3ric~ ~r~lf>~,.>l ~~C ~fi~r4 C 3fk:~r(~C?ri3~r4~r1`,s, be I'UMY C(]rl;>rILll.l" sedated or iic;3E'sttlOr:`rP.d. Eq:I,`i and o'r`.
1 i riy~3y Ãie onlller feriilist~i~ r)r ur~fcrrlili 3e ~1 ~Ã~r1 i;Ec~Us, sedated or a~n~~~:sthl: tised.
Ar~cor>;:9irz.t to zi prM(,4ri:,1 i rrlt~)r~ir>r~rrtl of ttic, irgvontton, the i;raiÃf:e 4:e~r~lf~r3~.sy hvi) ubst~~rtli~~ll}~~ p ~~r~Ãfz lbt~rs t1edÃnir g a sp~i~. (Ca rt;c~~iLt: a t~irti. In the t r:Irif~~ i~
i;yp.?rlA and a blrd is plai.ed tdl the Crxflt.=. Prtsfl:.?riibl}', ille t::,iar!i; alrt_? .i11b5txltl.:3~ly 1 stf+,Wii:a1 arld forrn an acr?td~ ~rlt~fi~ r~r~darr~eZlthl Iklc iscrf ti~r flc.t~r, The bird i;Ã~! ec;i;i9 irl Il;c, cradle }'ioact 1irsE. such that tho of:aemting surface of the bird (IIIo ~~ti tx~~ ti~r ~1 abdomen) is paro1li.?J to ft~ it,al-jtor iloar. The tail owi of tkie hlrd reyt,,~,. on the t:ratit,:}
t~ ~f4 such lhat thlf? uteru5 z~nd atxft]win are [~omtioned c:orreclly. The release weLfllar'ii,s~il~: ori ttl+3 cmdle i-s then shut and the ottkfs;r'side of lt7e Wrd i4 then parF3!`eI to the isolator flCiof and Surglf::11 port. Tf;e surgical prC}i;s`:dore for tho rLlfllf]L'.;31 of the prGr31aturi} eqg C.arl IElr,,n t~.AÃY pi,tcc~. Tfl(: qlovr:d por4s ;n t~~~~
waGCs of fiie isckf4.31s:+r allo;v access lo the un>;3irmÃ:IE: and aE:eratlnLt swfacL of 1hc b3rd, The surgic.,il isoÃator generr31I}r c:.ot?lpriso,,; an isrtdcisuri~
sr,rrrowtdira:# a warkinif ~td r:r ,Ljrfa[':t: having gfC}4:`~,d Ix9rt i, :rJi?','13r1g a'llrt x4 E'ld iir'I acL
d,'.~,s panel Irl 111('. fCkdrll of a ,,tjrqita)l I~~;~rt. Thliit(* is also a furth(,r:iccesr3 pnn~,1 villicEl orlab!~.5 th~.' ~i~,i:ptic trjin~,fc'?t o! Il1L s>.,+rgicaIIy-tieri,.'o.i t.gtl from II;~ surqicaE i4dittt)r tQ a trarlsf~,~r unit fi7r subsequent transfer IG a incok-Aion rsofator, Pri:fr>ralt:l1+. Il'=le ri.mava1 rif ih i: estg Is tim~ rpior and ail, c?~~-e 3. F~c~ a4;iE~li, to tftcr Winsfer time ;d1Erl the f,,ncl ~vota1tf transfer naItaraily to thc, t-.l;:jac;:>I iti Iklc, pari?nt birti.
TIlo~ swrgic~31C}t ri~wovLij i.qg may thÃ~n be p1ari:ci in a -Jerik c:c~r~Et~
r,~ r:yr~r! ~r ~E t3.
'fhr:, r`.ot71airwr should aI[r,jv.*+ the egt; to c(,ol and k:t~ od desir)rt and ~rz+; Io for f;g~j stortigi~, A steri!e conlaim~r is wl,~ v;AE7 tAr~ ~~pproximal,f:
vcalur7lo 10 Ein3i.,; tl'=}at of Chf r. qq t*a 3th the egg sup{qt~rif,?t~ ~~r~.~ pr~~l~~cte.ti by a {~9 35fic ir~rr1(;.
AcCording to a further eerafx:dirYlt:ar71; of IP1eiriv~ction, .aeÃtlit}, n{
the r.rltit2? "."Urgicn1 pro"wl::dIJPe, wa'ir be wl111frY'Yo:j. Tt31S ItldULllt~-s [:{:YkcIf.C1r7 i3rld c~,,i+"aRUatlorl of samples svdT
as rTl~(;r[)~i~alafj1(:i1l s'ta.cll:}:3 1.1:3k(:rl as rvolst s',wnbs and ifl'lfXlil,'dr;3td'i~y p!ni:~f..?d Ifl Iri"3r~ti },?(.?rt 1:< mtdia) irrrris Eh~~, egg :irlil r~:~rri~;;~tc~ti,r tr~~ i for sc~l ~rl of rl~~. rta ~zr~
sui#a3t*~ ct.idltrre media for bacteria, mycaplasmk.3. ant1 furlf3i, inLlu:iit7g liquid [1ro'tt1 'nrr(;flrl'Ierlt w~.'.dia, in i3!rC}hIc, slfli;:ld:;r['9b3:.; and ryl! p-ro '-,) e, ri7l`llklft: E .wIm. r3r'Elents.
OnL:.1St}1l..` sterile ~[1ri~E ;'r:ll~yr d~L~l4'T'lt pr~.'f11i'JEl.if#;;. egg is C;'btw31f3d;,df. thl3 egg fT143y Itler3 15 in::u h ati::f iri a ti:1erilc, emirorlmee3t ord hatched .3nd r~yzlrer1 to prri~;:t-ice a laying bird.
,Acr:ordirt t to thi, irl+Ki;rtlitan: f~)r rntixirylrini frf:,~edow #rr`anj nlicro-orrt,3r7G ;rlndr ftiouEij proforatAy bi,, Ã9c2i1vÃtdi a,,~~~plirally frorrl prenl ierna!t:s prior IG
entry of !l1e egg into 1Ele., ttoaca ~urlEess are oI;so gi}rrtl-froe (ir clnoiobinti:~) and the Iiie-cyi;!e ~,.,hou[d be t.or7~Ipleted in -,steri t? i5okitÃ~:rs- Ttie fifc.t;cCe rtl:iy hc~
c<s.~mp1eled OutsiGSe r'soCatord;
wherl SPF eqgs :'Ir,d birds are prÃkciuc:=?d.
hofcc6aus or'gOm 5rn:; Ihf.at riytty b~} ccanCroll;:;;f by 11' ts ir'Ivirnlian it>IcIut:9e rjrganGsws Ihat can be palllogi..rtÃc or rld:sn-path>)gerlit, to the rLlt~vnr7l 7hL:3r>
iri;.E4ide .3vian 4R~:c1e5 (iyptc~I11y ehi6;eny, fo~.al", and Iurkc-ys), Iiumarl's arid Otht'r u3r,=}ma~s ftypii.ally t+octs, s'AIts, horses, c~Ittlr., fai 9s: sheep, ~,t~atti, rats ar,di mice), For ttz+.~ purpnsi:s of tl1e tn4't?dktECrl, mli:T(}-d7f~
garlldirly4 Ir3lrlodl' I.) or,:l:.Atf's, bz]ct(.`fI`I {inõItfdlr',ij iltls3('.ro1,tS;i and ae)ri)t>=:c~ spoci.es, r:t~'wmer'I4al species and slati.ics 'as4ociat~.xsS
vviC}7 1hi. ctul).
Fil'y{Yi?t<l.:3til19a, .'RdEJst'.s (trlc{¾,aClln:) ~t tlC7Vlrll4lt5}, ~,P1~7E14, fLI?igE, YCM-,~tS, WOla!i:jL :311d O-N}{
: I. and RNEt`0 fragments.
.. ~ii The pori:s1E Wrd is Ilic bird froii7 th+3 stitgic all}r-cicr'kcd rxgg is cbMted. Thc.
suMi;,.a11y+Wived egg is 1tien inct3b,.3Eet.9 and hatched to form a fayir':1 t:irc:i, Ttrtr surcl"ct311y-c?e'ir4,ed a'qc; and SO)tiequurtl Iapng Ilir(i aro cferw-freiw..
In one emba:9irr7ent of th~l. rnrentson the parent bird is ch~o,,;vo irorn a flock of Sirrtilm biti~q all rearÃ'.d onder the% d;ame candition',, ttt another ewlxdiwcnt of llte hvr-;ntinn, the fmri:nt Wd is hat~~hutl r7atUmlfy iri a sWri'e enVmnmt:1tU imrYi a IMi;k of Wds of sirYiWr cxiMAaa cr.~ntamOMbrr free WWs.
Ir3 ~) fr3tther embodiment of the ir7vtintÃan the parent bird is ofie of a flock of drirr~~
vdii0i aro s7f another conEarriin,int fr(ie ~,4~jfrrs ha~4ng been proftced by 4tsit-atali3 st:9~.~fatran d3ryr9 naIsiral waring aYioh~~~~~ under cor7tro9lircl condilror~s and tli~~ meihad is LZUi M PMOde bhk Of a dElfr#rd,.r7t CONamhaM fMe SMWv.
fNcEmbITr a laying bird fÃarnis par# of a fb::k and aIln the KWAg I,?iÃ1y .3ri; hatchrgil, a 4z~rt~F~?i? of iho Iayincl birds ria t<<mo aut# and tesleil for sl v,',ik c;:s7nt~3rs7ir7antF: to pwvWri a r~~4:.i1: t rf? of thii.; E`.UmorTilfla11t kei.'. Stt.ltltti of the flock, ldvaGly vdl`I('-r) the sp'eCilf-`_d CoWaminant We 51aIu:, is not achii;vet3 in Me QQ t?:rd, Ehqir Iõ#yan~q bif'd is rjs,,rd wv a ., õ p :_ ~~~r~.=.nt I~ircf Gn the r~t~~.Eh~vktf, Preferably t#bo Ixord:rrtl bird i.3 chhosen a~ a day s71d I,Ãxd.
In one ert7bc,ilimeM 1he tyirp bird is removed frorrt the sWrt'~ ~~ntrOnmeÃq to h,r 25 (Igs whth3 wein Wrri, hatched tc) prod~~ce foTthh(xrEaying b:(ds.
In ar7ather enil.o;firrient Itttn laying bird is rLrwwed frotii Ih~f? sterile i:rrwironnlent and tec3 "iih Wod cottiartiing rtorm~,3E gufflnra. The biWs f,tt?cjuci?Ã1 by this rnoP-iod, Wnq r,ot~ia1 ttlrlfE.ir.:~, prefr:rabh} wilham avian and zoani,tic ptltho.joins, ars-,~ suitable for 30 GonslJrTlpt1;m or llse, in th;; tood it'IdE1stq.
Tyft~rlly+ ihf~ bÃrr3 ~ ~ e.hickc r7.
Profi;"rE3bly t'd)l::r'R a b[rd S. hcltt.tl(.,'.d from a itl}"if'lg I}fr[i fl ]',+ing tR7t' { peC9fii?:t L{or1Mn11r1;3Elt free tildatus atuf -"' r"ot a iayi':.r7g bird, the birÃ.f so ftialchixci is reared ir) a sterile PElv1rC}f1rT3l:3nt fi.Jr s11t?.ieqUeIlt ff;:rdl1salff)r7 of Ljing b3r{ds of thi:? same or hi'.''Or cor7t;jrrlir7am #me std-3tt,s, WC:ordOg to a tlllh;'r clsj7t;fw[ of th1Q lrlvent=o31, Ihle If1L't.'rlfit7n {ui'117[;r prol:'9di?s a m0hCJd of providing an eq :f af a spebrEied CranMr~itant fmc status con3prising in a sterilo :i :." L'ft`:~hrprltl7~~r7t:
houiair,g a iaytq tair(I havin.j t17e same or br;tt,,r cont:iwir7atian fr+.c:>
sWit~s as prvv;rled in ;ae.mdame wiifi ihe nmthm;f of trqe irwenthm rising tfio h.},=ut.# birt! #~.~ lay IPie e?}g: and remr.}irsg the i~gg to another sterile, env~hrpr7wer7t :'. ; The llayirq.l kaird may tfmn trta r,,ed to lay an egg, v~hich way k-e thiLn end prodw~t ils+;lf, or wI'9t11 may hMch 3r11a a bItd wh:C}i CC3U3Ct eAi'P foi'I'31 a fI;1; I=; Gf bird`+ of [jÃ:?rrTt ffe~.' slatus [ar it i1 is not a Oyint; Wd, be t~sctl to felike a Iainil Nrri to reach [ower .. If fedife eggs are use..f to pot9uce off1srinrt or ctwied birds, Ihf:n the ot:tgs rr7a;r t.Ft:
haEckhird re~xeti, mAr7dMe,f and hred in c:3ther t;onyrc,nEionatl husbandry SfIF=
Ws~i,~m=,; or in tolatrs tt, cantraf tht,~ tar7try rif t7iicr0 vrgardsry7s.
It MFÃ he ap17wchWtt 1k76n in orYain circu rii;;ta r~ce ~, whl.rr takift:]
selected birttti ~As' parent t7ir(}s, IEioi laying birds pmciuLed may not iri fact I;i~
suffrcieriIJy frr:o of ccrnl~lrnjr*ants Er7 produce laying bErds cA th,e dgR11 quality. It way thi=n bf~ neLe,sary to - 1::
(',~3rty okit ttti+? ;.ar)aC~ drtc,p)5 aqsiin risin{f Ilte c;q,, produi.A
frorii sUti.h I,3yreitl t)ir(ts tarscl artificitally1 ri~moirÃng thi~ ugg-., fron) thi:5,L~ Ittyit~g birds to, provide furlft4;r laying hirds ;~nii.h hop~foll},,;oifR C)e corta,:yminarll free.
fr~~ ed, the ~t~:rthIty r ~~t7 l~t~ further irr~prg~srF.~r.~ 15p+ feeding ti7~? Iti~rirtc~ t~irr~s, ir~ Itt~: sierifk~
onvironmc:nt, s,lthq ft.ixi cÃkr7taining rtorrrial qullfara or stczrtEz; food.
Pri:feri7bhy. the, birds ari', t~lvisrl, ifl a S1P?rilL m.`IrC)f4E77r'rlk, ;itaFflt. fd`1f1tl and 1S"e9tl:"i', A9t(?rr7i]tsyrt?Iy+. n(7m1;3h f~t,7ri:) wn}t t9i{ ::itlmiinrsAerect to the, chirE I~ri f~;~it:ttrr7r~ or orally tG the bird ;it any `itaqo after k7~,~tchirtg-. Tho nnrmal flora may tx~ oni~ wiEhoW pa8ha7.-rys. It r~;ill be appredatect th;A
Ii v.ki~arr birds ;.tw ttzrlt:ljed v;Ndt are not 1aying Wrt.ly, they .vill thtAii be ri:tttknetl for sub5t:qraer7t fcrtili~,ation [af the laying lxirds. lri this v.=ay, the wi~Ga[in f;o:.k can !}i~~ ytdyriEs'r.
It Q'+lI bt'pf7'i`,,Ibl'1;.. trl the prc'.5i?nI InVZII~(Clr3. to produce tii1T`ph3+ th'3E~; Lqg4 fClr -,Ub4i'qE,li'.nt uso. d''~Men eggs are ri.qEiirecf pl' ;~ ri:rm-frce status, Ihe first Win41 to [:lc:s is, to im-,rikbate 1 5 tlie- etq; by osin:} Wi Oestred I:~<yr~rtf birdq. Then, v}Pten t#to paror7t birds hive kYavn kista3tl for til}euifii?d f:ontatTlir1ar7t~ 1a provide a measure Of the q(:rr7=3-free ,tatlr:+, h=iOLISO th~lt f~ayirr~ hirci in another strwrili; f,rrviranmcanF aad t,,,~e lhat CayIn.) bird to lay ,~.,q,1s s':t~i, lt v:iCl a qerm-free ' I A 41i11 furttrt.?r embodiment of the 47venilarl proui(le" a weEhod for ir7rcubatFng -3r1d h.3Ei:hing the surqi;,al1y derived eggs. arttrt thi~n ri~:arxrig and bte.~eding frc rt) tho Sul~seqUeril hirdti, silra)3CiYlly-{lE?frved (:qg5 are pfF~:?rw'ltlJr's:? c3ntj tIl('.Ir {jet:t;lÃ.kl}wE:?f1t, for exLIrr1plt:
cjir,twftat;c)n, r~lay deIayr:d. Also, the eggs may Each c~erv:lfri fe~ltmtros of a fulh-tom3 nalurally laid eqcJ. ftir iw~~~rrt~~ÃF? th~.lrQ May he Ws.ttJri;d t.Uticvlr?
Ofl 010 51I~f[ i1nif POre lDrmatitrn iri llic-, SftalE r7lay b~. impairr;d. -I`h(.> shell, its f.ore~:;
and c.tili.;lt, modu!;_at~
ri~d;plf:ADry q.,3S E'.x(:h.3ngEe, and hydrattar7 of tllc'. clt;:+.refaplrqf~
('r7y[}ryo. ThefeIClrt' :;Ianciarid Eiatq.hery pr~i~.tscr:s for namil Io, f rriay+ riot be apprapnatri> for afatimorii ?;l vaaf?ilily and can requiro rnodifi:.~alÃon tt7 adlievi; cor7~,ittifantly hi.tl}I hatch of healthy birds frorTi ~rjrf~rc<z~ll~' ct( riirt ti i~~g~~. 7trt~ speaifi,~r-:
c.Orqrtiti,]r7', f+>tJUired vary s.,,iti'c, for - l?, ...
e:yamp3e, the ~t=~~ i~rs an;7 stage of di:>i~ri:tprta~.~rtt ',t;t-n rrrilclved irotta th-ae ~~ ar~.rr! kakti~.
Pearang and hrcrodlrig tho derived hbirti 0 a lteallhy and Garoduc:livo, ~stz>!te ;~rttiilst rtatsirfated hi a spcciihed r:onlarninali~,~n fri:~.? or sterfkw or7virÃanmenl rt.c;rair~s a:ijui,Ime ritfi to rlutdent conleElts C7f di=ts, L4¾7f'Cia11 j' Larqs3C1ii;
miCroElutriclll:> ~uch a ,.. .'(taf'R11r1 % to compensate for losses C9ccvrr1ng di.lOrlg SleMmaCon of iht" d[i't:'+ and fmfT7 af7 ilbst3("t:e of 4!JÃ}Oj' Rom Comf71Eir1Sr]I n1Rd:w-f)rgan75iT1s, Pretmt<f}l, to eggs ~houGd h~e a1'ov>(~,c9 to cool :aflr:r remc:awa,p ftr;m Me parent bErcl.
Thae,l can ttaer7 tis, s9orod. undisturbed fnr, in the r~se, of Oicl<:er~s af k.-.a;;l 24 hours ~. i;1 and not rriore thmn 72 hours. Storarfr> conditEarismay have f-iEPA
fitte:red ~air anri. (or c.?adck+,ra eggs a te"7t,erature boN~~.wera 15 and 2S'C. re1xllÃtire.
hyUrni.iGty+ of 50r5'i,L, and be frz'i# from %+t:]ratEura or sudd(xfl jr3rranc~..
ti.i:L:ordidlg ttJ +:1 fI.ErBhi?r k'wbCSd4Tlrer3j Ã}f the rr74`f'i7tEoEl. for the first 24 klt]UlS til;ar3dard iracuf,atiora c;:arat;iti.)ns for the s~edes of egg r3=aay be u:;Ltl.
Thirtersfti'r eai;h cr;Tij stir,jW.f be carefOy+ t77orilore3d for "QhE h4s, incubation td:t7~~~trdatttri3. r~:l;:rtisr ?
hUr'rlidiE}f .arad, if K.apprt5priat+., r[:s,)irWtrqv gast:ol?,~ exchange c<:,~),~~Cially carbon dioxide adrd oxy'gen cori;,c-Oratiorts in air. The incut)aEiara and hak-.laing conrirliran's can L~o h3t9aur;tc ~d a(-.cordirat; te) 11ie iraLF:;rati:.}r7. lciea11y, for 55q strrtlicaIIy-t9erived pror~laluro egg ::0 a larctet wi'ytat tss of frtam .apMr,~tmat~.?ty (:I,:Sq,'tjny is tir;+sir,al;r'Ã::. Incubation temputaluri. : of r.apMalmittt?!y 37.2'C:. b3re prederabIe iryiNalf on Day D
ur7Eil EMyr 1Ã3 of rr1CE1l~7;Itiorl `t-Ir`d ttli:ri td:'.mpt.'reatl:rfl:: of i3pRlrZ?:dlr]1c`'1tr,'.ly 361 [,' aaf!? {jeSlraild:' t,r'76i hatching. Ro1,-1IEve ttumic9ity may ktiktllyr bi5 set at ~apprt)xiwate1}+
E=iLst :;hoo3d t?+:=.
,a fjustett according [i ail} accordir7g lo vemksltn aate arld t4r:iil,~ e,, g'# `-'r+zistht I.>a4~ u1114 25 Day 18wttEsn ri>l:alEve harwtdiEy{;1a;,iuf<l t,.ir hric,reas?ci to ap,aroxtrt7at~.~1, A sarGlahle envrÃorymzrlt for faiatchc~ti CEaicFs, re::artr7g Nrd',, J3yÃryc7 :anri r(zt)r0t:~U(:tii,r0ly' d3rdivo bhr(js ih a rigid vdi11i:;:f isofator, f=9EPA41wed Ar. The ;arr is maintLairr;:d at pasit;1.re I:kre.sure and exc}aanred at trequi,ant intvnr;ils (r.r.g. 1t7 tirrie;: ? hour for adult 30 WK Mkir,g iMn s3cmunt cut<ic capacity of the i;;ol,3t4r and sfoi.king raeravity,l, floor ar~ a of U ... th>= rn` ,' E irfI, gho.es an eMl part5 pmWcWd ftom damage by E7irtl, am,i aIr ti'.tT1p'"ratl.trt' and hÃgh-ltlrlg cÃ3f1tfO14d V} ~JrovIC:E?
Cof'rdIlI{1f15 -,~3mlhr t(] th,;)!i!, tfJr r:onyf~tnlirana:s1 t?~.rtls of !ho silrno y~}; t iÃ3h int1 ~,taqc~ (f Iifs cy'cio, Ri'aftFlg arld bre!..?drr1g iA h7fd [r1 a }3t'i3llfly and ~)rC1',jlJrti+,rf?
'.Antt' 'oe'h9hSt r17aIf1talf1!'d !f) ;3 ~ specified ctitlamlrt;:llrt]n fteL or s9er1Ie ~.'rt6rlr~anrnetit fetawtt S
sfri:r_r,jPt%Cd dii'tS iG
camf~~,~nsate for ll7u Eack of c~~MIin rutriontt, normally ptodut;ed by, for exiirnf E~~, Ih4s r:o{l le:1r7~1rr~~rits fÃaund in thN qut or or3 tfic 4~Ir7 of a bIrii in a conLrr,rltlarqal er7v3for7rrlE?nt.
It will be unrierhtoail thM Ihis in1:{.nltorti applies to d3.!! ~ivGslrr and replikar7 5l1%ecii:y, ,.fl.: Eni;lucfing but [lot limited to Oiicker,i,, turF'.eyq, fluai1 ducks qOr;4I'J, t;JiM-:1 fr:Y.-rl, F~}~~ ~~ ~f~t f?i3r'tttk~r,r? fiitrrols :3r7c9 grclEJs4, Tht~ iriv~.~nlion ,~~111 t.tr trtow- c',li;~Wrr urztturStotxj frorTi thtr folhi,~4lrir;c~ c.fest:ri~)tiofl of 1lle5 FttILiri 5 and t sdirrrp<<y f= cfwre 1a surc~r,.:~h iL.;olt}tor ~.ind cradle ac:cordir7c; to tlie, ir~:t:r~tir~r~.
Pigure 2 is a ditagr,.~mniati tz fbr~~i r~1~3lit~fl si[ th(. "IeIhod of the in:'r;*nlit.irti u:3irtg 4ti~~
swgicaf isoJatori:ict(j cradle of F=-igure 1, F rgure 1 sho't ~S a stt'rilo surctical i"~)Iator and cradle for a hird ~iccardinq t(y tht-~
inuentiori. This isaLltor provides a t-:ontamivant-lrco atmessphwo in v,kiit,k7 o 4urqic::a1 prouedur~.~ takes ist:+lalor i;1} r:oiqjri~e.s an It;olaltar= watle of flc.zit;le 14'Ith z3t !:mtit h:o qhoyrk'(.j !.}ar[+i ~Il{3t shio4v31), a solid d`,+(Dlatl'}r {hC)CJr d2? `>d71i.}3 ;]rC}vkdf:'i a:1r1 o ~,~~ri~ti(~~:~ ii~~ffL9~.t~ a3rid a ~]urqE,C3l port (3) ~iari~jrr~ t!}~~
{`.Y.~7il i~~}f~tofi~~d-i~k~r, The ~~.~tL~r~,F~!
pC}rt Jma'sll,i?s ~3r1 a`It;~.'rtl91ethf[;7ugh which th+'`= . 1)'.rso71 ~:~rr~i11C~ OLlt the f:llitterj C>3r1 acc~ss the~ of.=;~rl,trsiq ',iarf,1CaJ' of thi4:,, birt9. Altaehed W 9hc.~
isolator floor is a rradE(, t41 for rectrivlncl arld fo"Gtionir~g a hIrtl riurincl a %torili,~ tirrrc;ical ptocc(lure, Th(r (,ra[t!e is Praotally attached or f7irlq~t1 to tEie underside r:tf t}7e isolatar fE7or tl;~.~ suro i;;
a!
:is ;~ n k?y+ th.~ hirirt (5), Ã t7c surqe 'zi1 port i-, adaptcd tii ri c+ i:t tPtiairil in the i radfe and to !)ros.ide :3 r:ar77li!ete and 3taO'c air seal to bt~
rr7aintafrietf bi:t",Oon a bit'c9 WO 2007/095998 PCT/EP2006/060241 afl ths:: cradle and tile surgica1 1~00 drJrirlq strrqty.rj. TE7e. ~~~rÃfkc ~k part of.:rfure i:,;
prMl:,rat:)ly C:.Ãls.'ered'iiitfl i3 s t+~rlli'; ;7df3i3L!(.' likril (,,ihiiv~4r1 Irl klilt:1'1). 7 fll`+ stoMe 'i3d}ws9vC~
filrrl pr[avides lhe} stabEe aiir 7ttr:cradE;: aku pov;dr:*s the a1h<m%,itr;thlirt it l rtijtlli:~-s Alli.: sti3Wf' p`a7S9l[(,7r91ri'.~ C:F( ih1LL bEr(~~; aM_?rX
rLhillYt`~.'. ([} tt14' {]{.ii..raltlrig '.iiJrfilt:a'.
(:c( the 5urgi Gal 3solci Ei7r.
Fia:ftJru~ 2 i;havvr9 a dirit;rawwatica1 r~,PmsrõntK.lttors Of 1hlL rrrOTIM Of USiflcf 1lla cradle act.Ortfir"41 to Fig 2a s,s Eh,,, SEirrtkcok it.clAor ~ I} not iry use and iri tft;* cIor.et9 peawitiori ~-07 0t r .ornfaris~.~!~ an asc~laEar lfsi(ir +:"), surgicak porl :3r,d adhet,i4,r:
filrn (:f), cmiile. (4) r:wd hinge (5), Tt~o cr.adlc. is in the, ch:;ed positiort. Tiie svrgic:iif porE
(;~) is si;.ak~d with a fr's1 6ayirr of :;tirlka trall~partwnt wfhe5iue. film, Figure :?!) s}lo' "is ttiÃ.~ %urghcah is<k~~il:or i1`1 ~Arl GfIs;ti POS3tp:?r7 f,rrc;kl lFr,-It .I dii.Ck01 11111r/ he p1A,:;etf iri tftÃ; craÃ9fe. Tlji-, e.}r;.:t',i~r7 ~s; placed head firtit ~r1Ec:s thÃ.~ cradle anÃf the Of.~2r,:)titlg 9rjrface~ s7f the bird hs ifvfoatfiTr.rtwd and storili5a;xt The air ,etrl twt v iy.d:*n th11.?
brr(f h'-;olf:)tor 111.1f b':. t~."stod bdtar+. ;:md aito~r riufrjÃ.?ry using StOrih:. flÃJ:d t(-'St ri~,31E r3,:~tl v.hic:h ztrc- relÃ. ~~set1 rrto the mirqiciil isa[~itorlo innbIÃ5 i.xterwk [eak5 to be dP tt...#etf.
f;i,g-ire 2c a s+:.:.ond st'er7t:~ a[jh~.>siire 4ifn) plared on tF-ti+r'.~
sterilh-;ea:l undor's'Idrq of the Ck117k(~-I1. ~ri {f;"~'i3h7~~ ~3 r1arf't)`+ad :atd1FJ of trarls{3<.3rt:d'lt ~i~k~t:5l.rE fIIfT) [rC)t 5tw'.">rl) is pl,jGirif on a 5lrril,,- ~ tirfi:3[ o il1i"_ bWl. A second 1a}rÃ?r of wr7lf;
trf3rl:4)zirer1E adk34~51vo filrn iy p1iiac-d ori tup t;ra the masra.rstrhp of adhesive frkrii, At this stag~, ttw rrztlle is pivou>:d into t}}(~ c,losi.cf p-osiEhan to znsure staErre po.;itioning nf 1t`te birtfs, ;:1h~i:Ãxmen reltrtiy!o 1o the tJF)era1inq Skjrface. t7{ the, --surghi:al i'>oli11iJr: The ~ ~rrf :; 0hdOrlyt:rI '5hO4ild p.,lfallei (c) thii} flf)Or Of lhÃ: SUrrf[cnh isolator tL) facll tatÃ.-wuri;l(~ol wirmpu[-at:on, krqs should Eii~ twhd in ih0 fUl1}+ #lf-'XÃ3ct PcsSÃIik3rl r:Uld cforrUl Se.afetl.
f=~ir)ÃJr+~> 2t9 ~;h~i~,o.~~ the cradle in 1f~iS [`.'t~~:r cf ~~~ itit,r~ such Iha~l sterile f~lrfii Ã:}~ the ,Ãirqica3 port and adhesive fllrri vn the bird Ã:crtie irrlr7 ccar7tact ti) iarrti a el ~k~1i 'iir =.Ae~a!
s;it#in MO SuMic:t3f p;aCator arld prod;ie a sfc-nle Ea E)i~ ~or). U'q,r2rj tfi;:,-N5t adflt?SIt>'f hyi.".Y tJfl le pL]rE is i!1 'L":i"Jf3tact Y+3E1 IttL
Si'ct}ll;j L'3}'[:i t1f1 ttli`' Eaht a cortli:rfme air seaJ is cr=,atd.ci E M<<E ri t}ae bird tinfi tht#
~;urqk-,,! isof;itor.
13 Tf=lL`'. r.11f "-i'l:=.af bi?me~.~71 M? Wd and tfiL' sd.lMl(f::i ISoWr may be Wsodj b:Nm tmd i:4Wr 5Urq,{;:~+ usinq sti3f1~~ ItfCd [=M ':Alt"h alfe dE'lS'.a--,iri{ ii1tC? (fld_?
`_iufg14.i-3l N4JbtC)f lC) f:,~fl.clb'd.? Ji:^d3ks to k'i' Ãfdaf,t'rtt,'.f.
ty~c~~r~i~ale 1 h'~3ctft~d Fifty r,3~:C~G1~~ f~'.rl~i'JIi:" tlfi I tl~ai tj6~LJIE E77 l]d?
1.t11e~.1,'il,`4 of f1C}'~afl +~f~~ ~l.:it~.1`.+ ~'tt:;rl3 I71;1[E1tiillli C~
nr7 seloder,t drets :3r1t9 e~lli~>^ri.:f to bmi:o naturally. 7imirt g of Ia}~~in, dG:ril.msltiorly ~as rectarefoci i.ilLlivisSu:ill~ for 1orwaIL over a t.m-'9'~(,,Ok pt>rilod.
Thfr rrltran tirrlu of day (tirltie. L) wblf;'.tl itn egil yb'r~ ilaiii L'.'i.75 for each +QrTlali?, The ti1i1L` of day for L-3h vas caluuLltecf and 1l1e pf.riod froiii L-3 to L vwas nomir1ated as the rii.ri",dItior'F
rlteovcil, TttEs interval ~'r'a::i iI1[' tIf71C.' Irl 1'wh1~~~~) a5i.,?pt3c stmjlcc3l li-3ps-3C~1,,tm11y Vw'~3.i pt,rtt: rrrii:ii for rerrgoval of th,i,? rrlr-ist ckrvr Iop({ct tq~), in c~ii;h bifd, For IIle pr'at;eÃlurl~.. birds ,.~ere etrthar'k,~~f~.'d by Cervicryl clislo;:;iiion arld tiPlartly {ar(-~p,3rj~ej. Birt;l; were submorgi:i1 in a ctasinfect~arlt solulion for 5 minuti:s.
a F:, Loather,,-; rentovisd ffor7i the ventm, f thlorax arttt abtt'=an3en and the exposr,tf AÃrt "
t'te rili~;~~;.ij ~.r~~rl~~ a ~i~l' scifs~titir7 of ic?:iir~i~ irl tilctjhol heated to 37'es. Each Eiirti r.> os ttu.tfl pf~yc~?tt ur1.der ;i sh ;~;.iaVGri at9aplrgd sÃirgE,.ol i~.ahatt:sr storilisod ovi111 at;ciltktyrl cif porf:aci:rtr ac;;f and ecsella;ninc stt=rilz instruralrMs and ;:i 500 riil flask Go~nt;iinirlg judir1]L~
m :Vcr?hal, 'Thfy birr! ;vadr cov~.roci vJth a '2terl!e drs3pi-, ~Anld zi ~,te.rtEo- entry p:art of the .) IsolyitC,ir a"1a',i tr7f,~11 pj+:#,':cd.j over the liia3p(?, A
41par(ltfl[Tly Ir1&;3a.5PS :"r'A]s rY3E:idl: iyr'3d 1t7~.' t5viduck tk-li: ulerus) v:a<< lied off at l~oth sides (;f th~f,, r=r-It~
USinyt .;UtUre~
rrialeri.4 The o:ridw,vt ;vati Iheri 1rat3;,cc4F>d distal to e:l[`.h ()f th;~
sutt.ife ~ frtiril 1he ~,,ncl ~3Fld lllr? C}L"idl9Ct ct7r1mtllirltj tht: egg 'w' :3s rE'_rT3a'a~(7 frt}rlfl II1c ff'.rTl~l!t'_,< z1bdC?{lrlerl~ Tlle !1!T'r1J i 4 rl ';lsc d (r qs) thCO 171;1:C1?Ct if3 lhe 30drfle4W'Oh[9!
517119l1,3n f~,3r wiEllJti .;
F, after a"1h3ih the ovi6.fUf:t"ki'n::~.b'.-`rtA t?gi~ 'a':ii`.-t tl'k7fleifLr7t?d v6i an f.'nlf~
y pt7rt fri5fT1 thi('.
.; l.irqtfwJ 15ola'tC9r ti,? a rl:t:O 4r1g 1sC}L3tOr. Irl t}it. fL'.rx~-1k'iflg t4oh-3tof, thi'_ (S''vIdlii.t 4'"r,l i it7 .r:e. ct, tt-v> rerllpvi:r:l. ti,r'3trF:]i~J ^;oith ci f9i~slnfe;.larlt suI lion and tr ~r~;fi rri f1 to arl isolator adapted a15 ;l I1.1tON;r ir,t~Ubalor.
; i::i VNiithlir) O=7e ctly of f1atdli.nf;. !iw'iw. ch1icLtLns removed from 9he hr1tcherY,, isolator rirtci Irarasforted to two 1,3rti~ 5~ ~f~ rearing i;;.olator for reartrlg qroups of yC7wlil thiol;1:'11s. L,l1rCFer1s ..f;rc? Ftmrrd ~Irl i.;or7v71d::r(:Iral Cjbc-t4 sterilised t,iy raifrallO1y.
r'~t 18 days, of fhre c:hit.kr n:; (,~re runlo:red frurrl e~ach caf th33 r(~,rir.~ i~~rÃrittirdp, cuEhana5ed and sampled for bar:tctrof~t~y by t~~.~r~;~i;.i: -ir~~i ~n.ji~rc~F)i~ c;i.~1tLlre: ~~'t~rrlf?I ~
idWudt 'i Ii=~i-r. spic~r:t7, heart b!~iad, vagiriWt.1o;.3ca, uwc.d ar7d small intr~,.slir1I-111 diqw41a Viable chi,koris halrRletl tut:ci4ssfu3ly fr~arii (he rlr"ti.fici;ll[,r der5ved eggs 1 r; (P1 jEc3af)qity >5more ofter) f^~a annerobsc or sierobic Ã~~~cteri;3 were isohted fror;i thi' chickens sm7~~~[ed.
A ~ jÃi and highly Ofe:cti.r+_ r7l0fltid for tirtific:+~l fart~dU"tios~ t1f {i:rr~~-frir~* fi;rrl'i tsciri chiLk-en" ;;,as usi.~t~lished. Ec~g-s +KiabEA. ~in(,J prt~t.ltit:ei:9 vi~it:lo c,Tprm-tr~.xo chick.erls, slf:.Co-ssdkjlljt rTlrlintairlec! iri i.,olalor's.
:.1 A Si;4'li..S O~ (llrtf)l:~3r 5tU:.fit3s 1'if?rE;> S;C1FldllCti:;Cf Ifl 'r3d;Cl)rda{1L.~e S'=,lttl E?:a.3r1'lp[t'1 . i:t,'lrt 3t]Ietb affect sterility tlnri viat).fit}r c,f ;~urgGGaIf}r dQÃn,ed fc~r#i!~: cf;t~t~
,~a<<r+`.
eva31uat~=ii in aEils Ã~:'a:atTlp!c. E:'zalut3fEcns rlmdir in the Eh,c.
resEllts, obtained Ihe: t(~;;EJltg sdc'I1EifILd the 4al7rlk:a4?s 1hat a}re t;rlt's;:;fl caF3troE
p6ttI': rertvlrÃ::c.! 1o cori5isteot,Ey pr0ducr;> gc-,rtn-fr~i~ erpqs of Mic;h sriaNity High 4i,ibiiity+ is, dr:lEr7ed as atNI%t h;3>;cr3abtM}? Oll:f ~3~ovt IreaCf9ii1g rd:.?piOCjLx tP:e 1i1c1turltJ'.
Examplc 2Ar Effr:>e!s of differi~,:nt ti Omi;lEjeA; ft,ir sla;.rilisirl,f equipment in::hwiing ~;LirqQUiil isolator and IfistrElrllent`,i. E1'i7lUiltion a 91CGlJdLi.~ typc".i, ClEJ-lr3tlt'f and t3ITl(1 of r 3df:~t=l~~1, 311d {."~1c9fXirrJ
; , ..
StcItif-L3nts- (pproxEb9e t}rpe.s, hgaloger7 Jtlupds, a!cott;:xE) iri EÃ auiri ard vzipotm fc.)rpi;,, for tlifforent t(-,~mperalures ar7d 1imo. aa'ith anci vaithzouE i3etwclet7t SoltatE:]r7 ort owbr,yi) uiability and .,fLnrility, f7~~ ti It=;.
of strrgica1ly-rc-mcw+xci 0r~~~ to alcohol and Organf(; 3Wine at 20. 32 car :37'C. and to p racetic acid solution {l 5t;. er"t~ reduces t7alchiibilita+ frc}agi C~tk 9[t~':'>
(c o rI lro 15) Ea 13 -f19 ;"", Ea;G:?o`:+llw, 41 FTL3falcetic acid uapi)uf for >5 tTlif) ra;dil.:eti E1e3ELhL#tSiGt)r by E: t;s ~psure te) kridlnc~ qcaiution reduces h;:aich-ablilty+ by 50'i Exarmpto 26:
Effi.xcts of Efrrie (;rert; to 180 ttiMUWS) h:etY~vuÃ:n i>uth7areasRa and r'.gtl rmrxiJal rkn viability and irase of swÃJif;,ll W~WipUkltGOrl, haEchtlbilit}+ -jnd ;ttrriliÃy SEerility 10 0`;<; ,.
SUrgcr, inrrà asingl;r iliPfi~.~~lt minutes, h-itch-Lability_-30`:, aiter 60 mirlote.s.
.:, ;.., ExampEe 2C;
Effects of difft~rent types and nlr;Ehads of appEEk,:iEian of adh,~=siue f31r77a;, tci crLtlt+~
air seal bpEvl~e+::n E?arerZk (iird and surctru)l isohEar; r~ldhotiti of testing 1h(:.
devt,-.~.=s for positi,jrlir;q hirt1 dwtng stirc,ery tci opt3rttfse sLal forrl7L-sEiorl tlr,,d tiwrg(:a::jr rt).~r~iF~r~l Rf? ,ll3t%.
Le-{aEtinq and . ti (ili5irv) s61 3ri imt oti ant for 0bfair7irig, t.onti stitrzt ; tyal bclvii tvey itlrYi b;ttt sE~irl.
E rdif:? C}f :~~ E?~ t taVi~ Ii31ra f of f3~1T1 if~' rc {~Lllf~}Ã~ C~F7t adhered to E.?kr(~, a3tl:j ~.31"1(7t~Z!?r Ir3 ttS'+.'.
:;urq3call part of thic? 5t~r~~+:.~1 EsoE'atorvõIEh adhesive Iayt'r adtiaC.( r1t ta~ I~rltj.
E,~irtlti' ~1t)UJOrnt:rI $htataCd b=;:~ paralli;9 to flt?.?r of suÃ~it:~9 i:;cahator to faci[Et,-3tE~, surgie;:i1 ni,3r1rpUl,-liian ia::I4 SfloLald be hii?ICf Irl fLilly He;ed po:iitlan, ri1;.);3C~~ sealirrf, TÃ:rM intt:gtit.y of scah br.Afw'~;Iftnr surga.;ty usirig hielitirti ano ,'t;7r i;i,finLa indir::r:ltor ti:ClhUtlrjfl, tdlcllrlt~~3~n po",-`1tiS<<< p1t:`i!sUro and sti;rlhe air, Exampl~ 3 E-xa;iaple 3A:
E.fiect4, of tiifierenc;' in Iimis k~tEk ~~}tt t-4*p;_rited ovi-I,ositiotl arl;l tivqit:~-fl ri:t>wvaI of 1:the egg 4rorrI the P.-Irerit Oirc1 oti i~N vii3brfiiy and sls:rility+ artd ease of surÃfiLaE
rttaniptiiaItTI.
Ri, :tJIGs Kdchabiidt at:
contrr l (n,alorally [aid i ggsp #3~r-10{?;L hatch, 80-100 .;; sftyr3lsy;
~:.c~cfs rc:rr~c~^,~Ã:t~ frot~3 utÃ~r~5 ,;,~iEhin 30 rr7f.t~ t~f I
r~~~;i,IR~z?si;:~ tar ~~atP~ ~t7 y~is~. 13 ,~t'`>
hatch, 80-100'3 slerile;
l?ggs, fvmC}vL.'d frt7T31 r.Jti.4f.Js 1:3O Illlrl ilft'1;;t {:;11th'r:3rli]S1i3, 14` `i t14307, 810'92 rO SUnl4`.
1,.ontr[yI not appIlcabll':
30 rllil13,1lP, ;. Ood, tis'S1.3L:s i;'iItiiy Ofy vx11E.id, CIC1 nlit~kAese [.fr~hcu1l, tissues ttifficult to ehea~it(~ r<:arty r~agodmt:+rvdis) Lx7mpIe 3B:
EffecEs of tireied ovi-pvsstion vi:rstas palpatiort ;rer.3us ctamt,:iriaEior3 of th~~ ~iy ti.T1117icJU~s irri pr(-)p~~r~~c~t~~ i~f ~=;~'~s complele shells .ersus soft tikir;ll .
.iat}ifil':r (un;u,Ahf;P lifc djrfsF4 al tim~.~ of hsltcfwirtg) anc9 on ra5e of sts(qit.~)l manipula1i';.in ReSd1ts Tirrting nhnne, soft shflhfs, mit1 tti.) sukabic-. +--,gg fLir removal -v+aEritiERr sterility 75-1(10rtt, z~A1'si? 0 surgical fn'LirS1J`,=i.fh:7lIC)r3, d ar7ab1;?;
Pa1p,itiotl ;.3Ft:)ni:, soft shi:Hs & nra Suitat.le t:r^jc~ for tf r~~ ~~,3Ã
13 .,itlt?~ilitgr 1:3-a~~"'<,.
r., str.krilrty 89-11~~? ;;. ea so of swgrc:3h rwinrpulatton. {7csocS,.
Ttnling rombined kP,th palpation, stft s116l"; iinri rio surltjNas f:c1q 1ot wnio4di! 10"2;?'.iT, uiability 14-57% steriliW 9~.~ 10f};:,, ease of surgicaF rwinipulation, gooct), Exarr~~le 3c:
h-~Hecls 0 arltii,i,?lictr (r,..g. orafky ai1niGii stercd flUrOt~Uir;O3Ortr~,4j an efiwin,-W,?n of tiacw6a1 and myr.;oMasmal ir7Ncli0fls and ar3 v,atfility and 41r:rility of orr7E,r}os and subsr~~~Lwr' t cf7ick,~.
F~esuI!s.
.P'MF70LJt ~wtitik,&cs, wiaf.ilily and sti=rihil~y 66-92'r~, an4hli[ali:.s, viakiility 13-riP,'), and Sleriliiy Example 30, E=d~ec1s of pr+~-rncubalran st(waqtr 6we ((? to 5 days) and condrlians.
~Cemlaera lure, hurrlhdiky, ef3i wier?tafi;)n. rentif;%on' +.+ibrtatiotl}, hrii;ubalinrsti condilinn~, (ti:rr'qwr;Auri;.
hurrdot venlibEion, atienMtion. we ht is4), handCint1 and hatr:.Wtig conditions wl Stomt1Ã' limoti of tl, o:3, $a riiays. h,1k07 abilityr ~-vas 90. 90 and Terrrk.t.rattfre. for sIordye of si daysr 25C and .vilh vibta6onr`vcr7lilati~w, ;:~ppo}:ima1m1y 20a: and no "t3mlir;an va~i.~
20 6015 e:qni1 80: rn.9p~.k;.t1Yely.
Egg or7entat'sor7 and svQM Ios;=;: eggs fWt on srdleloss 7.81i_, eggs rloriied-en.f uMmr-mosk. wcrQhi Ins=,, 10,2 .13.112: KAMbility 30`:r, and 849VA, r i; .`.~ p i:: t; t 3v ltl;:r.
~i~l'1C~ll~~t3r1 As t;'.q.r'[';QF:d C]IVol the S'iAe rainge C.1f yMwib{'l'- Ir7ve',sllg;3ted, a ve'r.l.at' 4'i96ety Clf fE:~RJIks Mr ~~:'OKIIk'rr and stellllta' %yti?1'e Maifle(~. Tht,''. msiJR,,, iii;f4vrjtlfSL:o} tN? ZIar1i3bI[':: 4 that Are criti::~il r_orjlrcal F:ojrtls retluirai to ccnsi5tixDlly f,MtJUc:t~ d,etw-fret- txggr, of high vi,-llailik`{
hliclh wability+ is tlrsl:rnr,.d as about halchakfil~ ,:rrkpf ak.<.ouE W~~i, re~"li.E7hng rzpro<iuct;v(-.~ n~7zakurity,
+tÃ:.#E~G: kllt~ thi? C)Sif~l1.~
ri;?movhg If1e egt7: an(i _ ~~ ....
Tttie swr;ii:,lll pr~cedurr; USaA rTtt>IM eri,se,lrc; that the gut of Ifle bird i,,~ not Ã:oniar71ina'iter5 by '.,'asEe matcrlal a]rlt1 th~3E the egg i:a rtoE ctari'kacted, N3eptic t~::cftIlicJU~:~^; r71u~st ba? ut-0t:t9 ~~1 C~13:~ ~1 t) L9t.
Rrefemhl}+, tta~.-- bird is sacrificed by r.whan-;,,ia or Fi[Ging pr3or to rr~rrlovail of ltle r:tjq '41 its sholI. r'+ttr.rnati4+c1y. Ifle bird way lx~ ~ 1a1l1 lr~i: ~.~i, F+:*r;';aIe parent birds wa"rt t]o otlt ;r We or recently killed. Ãõive birds warr. a_,, c;onsÃslerit >v,th Eslllri": ei 1tq pa1 t3ric~ ~r~lf>~,.>l ~~C ~fi~r4 C 3fk:~r(~C?ri3~r4~r1`,s, be I'UMY C(]rl;>rILll.l" sedated or iic;3E'sttlOr:`rP.d. Eq:I,`i and o'r`.
1 i riy~3y Ãie onlller feriilist~i~ r)r ur~fcrrlili 3e ~1 ~Ã~r1 i;Ec~Us, sedated or a~n~~~:sthl: tised.
Ar~cor>;:9irz.t to zi prM(,4ri:,1 i rrlt~)r~ir>r~rrtl of ttic, irgvontton, the i;raiÃf:e 4:e~r~lf~r3~.sy hvi) ubst~~rtli~~ll}~~ p ~~r~Ãfz lbt~rs t1edÃnir g a sp~i~. (Ca rt;c~~iLt: a t~irti. In the t r:Irif~~ i~
i;yp.?rlA and a blrd is plai.ed tdl the Crxflt.=. Prtsfl:.?riibl}', ille t::,iar!i; alrt_? .i11b5txltl.:3~ly 1 stf+,Wii:a1 arld forrn an acr?td~ ~rlt~fi~ r~r~darr~eZlthl Iklc iscrf ti~r flc.t~r, The bird i;Ã~! ec;i;i9 irl Il;c, cradle }'ioact 1irsE. such that tho of:aemting surface of the bird (IIIo ~~ti tx~~ ti~r ~1 abdomen) is paro1li.?J to ft~ it,al-jtor iloar. The tail owi of tkie hlrd reyt,,~,. on the t:ratit,:}
t~ ~f4 such lhat thlf? uteru5 z~nd atxft]win are [~omtioned c:orreclly. The release weLfllar'ii,s~il~: ori ttl+3 cmdle i-s then shut and the ottkfs;r'side of lt7e Wrd i4 then parF3!`eI to the isolator flCiof and Surglf::11 port. Tf;e surgical prC}i;s`:dore for tho rLlfllf]L'.;31 of the prGr31aturi} eqg C.arl IElr,,n t~.AÃY pi,tcc~. Tfl(: qlovr:d por4s ;n t~~~~
waGCs of fiie isckf4.31s:+r allo;v access lo the un>;3irmÃ:IE: and aE:eratlnLt swfacL of 1hc b3rd, The surgic.,il isoÃator generr31I}r c:.ot?lpriso,,; an isrtdcisuri~
sr,rrrowtdira:# a warkinif ~td r:r ,Ljrfa[':t: having gfC}4:`~,d Ix9rt i, :rJi?','13r1g a'llrt x4 E'ld iir'I acL
d,'.~,s panel Irl 111('. fCkdrll of a ,,tjrqita)l I~~;~rt. Thliit(* is also a furth(,r:iccesr3 pnn~,1 villicEl orlab!~.5 th~.' ~i~,i:ptic trjin~,fc'?t o! Il1L s>.,+rgicaIIy-tieri,.'o.i t.gtl from II;~ surqicaE i4dittt)r tQ a trarlsf~,~r unit fi7r subsequent transfer IG a incok-Aion rsofator, Pri:fr>ralt:l1+. Il'=le ri.mava1 rif ih i: estg Is tim~ rpior and ail, c?~~-e 3. F~c~ a4;iE~li, to tftcr Winsfer time ;d1Erl the f,,ncl ~vota1tf transfer naItaraily to thc, t-.l;:jac;:>I iti Iklc, pari?nt birti.
TIlo~ swrgic~31C}t ri~wovLij i.qg may thÃ~n be p1ari:ci in a -Jerik c:c~r~Et~
r,~ r:yr~r! ~r ~E t3.
'fhr:, r`.ot71airwr should aI[r,jv.*+ the egt; to c(,ol and k:t~ od desir)rt and ~rz+; Io for f;g~j stortigi~, A steri!e conlaim~r is wl,~ v;AE7 tAr~ ~~pproximal,f:
vcalur7lo 10 Ein3i.,; tl'=}at of Chf r. qq t*a 3th the egg sup{qt~rif,?t~ ~~r~.~ pr~~l~~cte.ti by a {~9 35fic ir~rr1(;.
AcCording to a further eerafx:dirYlt:ar71; of IP1eiriv~ction, .aeÃtlit}, n{
the r.rltit2? "."Urgicn1 pro"wl::dIJPe, wa'ir be wl111frY'Yo:j. Tt31S ItldULllt~-s [:{:YkcIf.C1r7 i3rld c~,,i+"aRUatlorl of samples svdT
as rTl~(;r[)~i~alafj1(:i1l s'ta.cll:}:3 1.1:3k(:rl as rvolst s',wnbs and ifl'lfXlil,'dr;3td'i~y p!ni:~f..?d Ifl Iri"3r~ti },?(.?rt 1:< mtdia) irrrris Eh~~, egg :irlil r~:~rri~;;~tc~ti,r tr~~ i for sc~l ~rl of rl~~. rta ~zr~
sui#a3t*~ ct.idltrre media for bacteria, mycaplasmk.3. ant1 furlf3i, inLlu:iit7g liquid [1ro'tt1 'nrr(;flrl'Ierlt w~.'.dia, in i3!rC}hIc, slfli;:ld:;r['9b3:.; and ryl! p-ro '-,) e, ri7l`llklft: E .wIm. r3r'Elents.
OnL:.1St}1l..` sterile ~[1ri~E ;'r:ll~yr d~L~l4'T'lt pr~.'f11i'JEl.if#;;. egg is C;'btw31f3d;,df. thl3 egg fT143y Itler3 15 in::u h ati::f iri a ti:1erilc, emirorlmee3t ord hatched .3nd r~yzlrer1 to prri~;:t-ice a laying bird.
,Acr:ordirt t to thi, irl+Ki;rtlitan: f~)r rntixirylrini frf:,~edow #rr`anj nlicro-orrt,3r7G ;rlndr ftiouEij proforatAy bi,, Ã9c2i1vÃtdi a,,~~~plirally frorrl prenl ierna!t:s prior IG
entry of !l1e egg into 1Ele., ttoaca ~urlEess are oI;so gi}rrtl-froe (ir clnoiobinti:~) and the Iiie-cyi;!e ~,.,hou[d be t.or7~Ipleted in -,steri t? i5okitÃ~:rs- Ttie fifc.t;cCe rtl:iy hc~
c<s.~mp1eled OutsiGSe r'soCatord;
wherl SPF eqgs :'Ir,d birds are prÃkciuc:=?d.
hofcc6aus or'gOm 5rn:; Ihf.at riytty b~} ccanCroll;:;;f by 11' ts ir'Ivirnlian it>IcIut:9e rjrganGsws Ihat can be palllogi..rtÃc or rld:sn-path>)gerlit, to the rLlt~vnr7l 7hL:3r>
iri;.E4ide .3vian 4R~:c1e5 (iyptc~I11y ehi6;eny, fo~.al", and Iurkc-ys), Iiumarl's arid Otht'r u3r,=}ma~s ftypii.ally t+octs, s'AIts, horses, c~Ittlr., fai 9s: sheep, ~,t~atti, rats ar,di mice), For ttz+.~ purpnsi:s of tl1e tn4't?dktECrl, mli:T(}-d7f~
garlldirly4 Ir3lrlodl' I.) or,:l:.Atf's, bz]ct(.`fI`I {inõItfdlr',ij iltls3('.ro1,tS;i and ae)ri)t>=:c~ spoci.es, r:t~'wmer'I4al species and slati.ics 'as4ociat~.xsS
vviC}7 1hi. ctul).
Fil'y{Yi?t<l.:3til19a, .'RdEJst'.s (trlc{¾,aClln:) ~t tlC7Vlrll4lt5}, ~,P1~7E14, fLI?igE, YCM-,~tS, WOla!i:jL :311d O-N}{
: I. and RNEt`0 fragments.
.. ~ii The pori:s1E Wrd is Ilic bird froii7 th+3 stitgic all}r-cicr'kcd rxgg is cbMted. Thc.
suMi;,.a11y+Wived egg is 1tien inct3b,.3Eet.9 and hatched to form a fayir':1 t:irc:i, Ttrtr surcl"ct311y-c?e'ir4,ed a'qc; and SO)tiequurtl Iapng Ilir(i aro cferw-freiw..
In one emba:9irr7ent of th~l. rnrentson the parent bird is ch~o,,;vo irorn a flock of Sirrtilm biti~q all rearÃ'.d onder the% d;ame candition',, ttt another ewlxdiwcnt of llte hvr-;ntinn, the fmri:nt Wd is hat~~hutl r7atUmlfy iri a sWri'e enVmnmt:1tU imrYi a IMi;k of Wds of sirYiWr cxiMAaa cr.~ntamOMbrr free WWs.
Ir3 ~) fr3tther embodiment of the ir7vtintÃan the parent bird is ofie of a flock of drirr~~
vdii0i aro s7f another conEarriin,int fr(ie ~,4~jfrrs ha~4ng been proftced by 4tsit-atali3 st:9~.~fatran d3ryr9 naIsiral waring aYioh~~~~~ under cor7tro9lircl condilror~s and tli~~ meihad is LZUi M PMOde bhk Of a dElfr#rd,.r7t CONamhaM fMe SMWv.
fNcEmbITr a laying bird fÃarnis par# of a fb::k and aIln the KWAg I,?iÃ1y .3ri; hatchrgil, a 4z~rt~F~?i? of iho Iayincl birds ria t<<mo aut# and tesleil for sl v,',ik c;:s7nt~3rs7ir7antF: to pwvWri a r~~4:.i1: t rf? of thii.; E`.UmorTilfla11t kei.'. Stt.ltltti of the flock, ldvaGly vdl`I('-r) the sp'eCilf-`_d CoWaminant We 51aIu:, is not achii;vet3 in Me QQ t?:rd, Ehqir Iõ#yan~q bif'd is rjs,,rd wv a ., õ p :_ ~~~r~.=.nt I~ircf Gn the r~t~~.Eh~vktf, Preferably t#bo Ixord:rrtl bird i.3 chhosen a~ a day s71d I,Ãxd.
In one ert7bc,ilimeM 1he tyirp bird is removed frorrt the sWrt'~ ~~ntrOnmeÃq to h,r 25 (Igs whth3 wein Wrri, hatched tc) prod~~ce foTthh(xrEaying b:(ds.
In ar7ather enil.o;firrient Itttn laying bird is rLrwwed frotii Ih~f? sterile i:rrwironnlent and tec3 "iih Wod cottiartiing rtorm~,3E gufflnra. The biWs f,tt?cjuci?Ã1 by this rnoP-iod, Wnq r,ot~ia1 ttlrlfE.ir.:~, prefr:rabh} wilham avian and zoani,tic ptltho.joins, ars-,~ suitable for 30 GonslJrTlpt1;m or llse, in th;; tood it'IdE1stq.
Tyft~rlly+ ihf~ bÃrr3 ~ ~ e.hickc r7.
Profi;"rE3bly t'd)l::r'R a b[rd S. hcltt.tl(.,'.d from a itl}"if'lg I}fr[i fl ]',+ing tR7t' { peC9fii?:t L{or1Mn11r1;3Elt free tildatus atuf -"' r"ot a iayi':.r7g bird, the birÃ.f so ftialchixci is reared ir) a sterile PElv1rC}f1rT3l:3nt fi.Jr s11t?.ieqUeIlt ff;:rdl1salff)r7 of Ljing b3r{ds of thi:? same or hi'.''Or cor7t;jrrlir7am #me std-3tt,s, WC:ordOg to a tlllh;'r clsj7t;fw[ of th1Q lrlvent=o31, Ihle If1L't.'rlfit7n {ui'117[;r prol:'9di?s a m0hCJd of providing an eq :f af a spebrEied CranMr~itant fmc status con3prising in a sterilo :i :." L'ft`:~hrprltl7~~r7t:
houiair,g a iaytq tair(I havin.j t17e same or br;tt,,r cont:iwir7atian fr+.c:>
sWit~s as prvv;rled in ;ae.mdame wiifi ihe nmthm;f of trqe irwenthm rising tfio h.},=ut.# birt! #~.~ lay IPie e?}g: and remr.}irsg the i~gg to another sterile, env~hrpr7wer7t :'. ; The llayirq.l kaird may tfmn trta r,,ed to lay an egg, v~hich way k-e thiLn end prodw~t ils+;lf, or wI'9t11 may hMch 3r11a a bItd wh:C}i CC3U3Ct eAi'P foi'I'31 a fI;1; I=; Gf bird`+ of [jÃ:?rrTt ffe~.' slatus [ar it i1 is not a Oyint; Wd, be t~sctl to felike a Iainil Nrri to reach [ower .. If fedife eggs are use..f to pot9uce off1srinrt or ctwied birds, Ihf:n the ot:tgs rr7a;r t.Ft:
haEckhird re~xeti, mAr7dMe,f and hred in c:3ther t;onyrc,nEionatl husbandry SfIF=
Ws~i,~m=,; or in tolatrs tt, cantraf tht,~ tar7try rif t7iicr0 vrgardsry7s.
It MFÃ he ap17wchWtt 1k76n in orYain circu rii;;ta r~ce ~, whl.rr takift:]
selected birttti ~As' parent t7ir(}s, IEioi laying birds pmciuLed may not iri fact I;i~
suffrcieriIJy frr:o of ccrnl~lrnjr*ants Er7 produce laying bErds cA th,e dgR11 quality. It way thi=n bf~ neLe,sary to - 1::
(',~3rty okit ttti+? ;.ar)aC~ drtc,p)5 aqsiin risin{f Ilte c;q,, produi.A
frorii sUti.h I,3yreitl t)ir(ts tarscl artificitally1 ri~moirÃng thi~ ugg-., fron) thi:5,L~ Ittyit~g birds to, provide furlft4;r laying hirds ;~nii.h hop~foll},,;oifR C)e corta,:yminarll free.
fr~~ ed, the ~t~:rthIty r ~~t7 l~t~ further irr~prg~srF.~r.~ 15p+ feeding ti7~? Iti~rirtc~ t~irr~s, ir~ Itt~: sierifk~
onvironmc:nt, s,lthq ft.ixi cÃkr7taining rtorrrial qullfara or stczrtEz; food.
Pri:feri7bhy. the, birds ari', t~lvisrl, ifl a S1P?rilL m.`IrC)f4E77r'rlk, ;itaFflt. fd`1f1tl and 1S"e9tl:"i', A9t(?rr7i]tsyrt?Iy+. n(7m1;3h f~t,7ri:) wn}t t9i{ ::itlmiinrsAerect to the, chirE I~ri f~;~it:ttrr7r~ or orally tG the bird ;it any `itaqo after k7~,~tchirtg-. Tho nnrmal flora may tx~ oni~ wiEhoW pa8ha7.-rys. It r~;ill be appredatect th;A
Ii v.ki~arr birds ;.tw ttzrlt:ljed v;Ndt are not 1aying Wrt.ly, they .vill thtAii be ri:tttknetl for sub5t:qraer7t fcrtili~,ation [af the laying lxirds. lri this v.=ay, the wi~Ga[in f;o:.k can !}i~~ ytdyriEs'r.
It Q'+lI bt'pf7'i`,,Ibl'1;.. trl the prc'.5i?nI InVZII~(Clr3. to produce tii1T`ph3+ th'3E~; Lqg4 fClr -,Ub4i'qE,li'.nt uso. d''~Men eggs are ri.qEiirecf pl' ;~ ri:rm-frce status, Ihe first Win41 to [:lc:s is, to im-,rikbate 1 5 tlie- etq; by osin:} Wi Oestred I:~<yr~rtf birdq. Then, v}Pten t#to paror7t birds hive kYavn kista3tl for til}euifii?d f:ontatTlir1ar7t~ 1a provide a measure Of the q(:rr7=3-free ,tatlr:+, h=iOLISO th~lt f~ayirr~ hirci in another strwrili; f,rrviranmcanF aad t,,,~e lhat CayIn.) bird to lay ,~.,q,1s s':t~i, lt v:iCl a qerm-free ' I A 41i11 furttrt.?r embodiment of the 47venilarl proui(le" a weEhod for ir7rcubatFng -3r1d h.3Ei:hing the surqi;,al1y derived eggs. arttrt thi~n ri~:arxrig and bte.~eding frc rt) tho Sul~seqUeril hirdti, silra)3CiYlly-{lE?frved (:qg5 are pfF~:?rw'ltlJr's:? c3ntj tIl('.Ir {jet:t;lÃ.kl}wE:?f1t, for exLIrr1plt:
cjir,twftat;c)n, r~lay deIayr:d. Also, the eggs may Each c~erv:lfri fe~ltmtros of a fulh-tom3 nalurally laid eqcJ. ftir iw~~~rrt~~ÃF? th~.lrQ May he Ws.ttJri;d t.Uticvlr?
Ofl 010 51I~f[ i1nif POre lDrmatitrn iri llic-, SftalE r7lay b~. impairr;d. -I`h(.> shell, its f.ore~:;
and c.tili.;lt, modu!;_at~
ri~d;plf:ADry q.,3S E'.x(:h.3ngEe, and hydrattar7 of tllc'. clt;:+.refaplrqf~
('r7y[}ryo. ThefeIClrt' :;Ianciarid Eiatq.hery pr~i~.tscr:s for namil Io, f rriay+ riot be apprapnatri> for afatimorii ?;l vaaf?ilily and can requiro rnodifi:.~alÃon tt7 adlievi; cor7~,ittifantly hi.tl}I hatch of healthy birds frorTi ~rjrf~rc<z~ll~' ct( riirt ti i~~g~~. 7trt~ speaifi,~r-:
c.Orqrtiti,]r7', f+>tJUired vary s.,,iti'c, for - l?, ...
e:yamp3e, the ~t=~~ i~rs an;7 stage of di:>i~ri:tprta~.~rtt ',t;t-n rrrilclved irotta th-ae ~~ ar~.rr! kakti~.
Pearang and hrcrodlrig tho derived hbirti 0 a lteallhy and Garoduc:livo, ~stz>!te ;~rttiilst rtatsirfated hi a spcciihed r:onlarninali~,~n fri:~.? or sterfkw or7virÃanmenl rt.c;rair~s a:ijui,Ime ritfi to rlutdent conleElts C7f di=ts, L4¾7f'Cia11 j' Larqs3C1ii;
miCroElutriclll:> ~uch a ,.. .'(taf'R11r1 % to compensate for losses C9ccvrr1ng di.lOrlg SleMmaCon of iht" d[i't:'+ and fmfT7 af7 ilbst3("t:e of 4!JÃ}Oj' Rom Comf71Eir1Sr]I n1Rd:w-f)rgan75iT1s, Pretmt<f}l, to eggs ~houGd h~e a1'ov>(~,c9 to cool :aflr:r remc:awa,p ftr;m Me parent bErcl.
Thae,l can ttaer7 tis, s9orod. undisturbed fnr, in the r~se, of Oicl<:er~s af k.-.a;;l 24 hours ~. i;1 and not rriore thmn 72 hours. Storarfr> conditEarismay have f-iEPA
fitte:red ~air anri. (or c.?adck+,ra eggs a te"7t,erature boN~~.wera 15 and 2S'C. re1xllÃtire.
hyUrni.iGty+ of 50r5'i,L, and be frz'i# from %+t:]ratEura or sudd(xfl jr3rranc~..
ti.i:L:ordidlg ttJ +:1 fI.ErBhi?r k'wbCSd4Tlrer3j Ã}f the rr74`f'i7tEoEl. for the first 24 klt]UlS til;ar3dard iracuf,atiora c;:arat;iti.)ns for the s~edes of egg r3=aay be u:;Ltl.
Thirtersfti'r eai;h cr;Tij stir,jW.f be carefOy+ t77orilore3d for "QhE h4s, incubation td:t7~~~trdatttri3. r~:l;:rtisr ?
hUr'rlidiE}f .arad, if K.apprt5priat+., r[:s,)irWtrqv gast:ol?,~ exchange c<:,~),~~Cially carbon dioxide adrd oxy'gen cori;,c-Oratiorts in air. The incut)aEiara and hak-.laing conrirliran's can L~o h3t9aur;tc ~d a(-.cordirat; te) 11ie iraLF:;rati:.}r7. lciea11y, for 55q strrtlicaIIy-t9erived pror~laluro egg ::0 a larctet wi'ytat tss of frtam .apMr,~tmat~.?ty (:I,:Sq,'tjny is tir;+sir,al;r'Ã::. Incubation temputaluri. : of r.apMalmittt?!y 37.2'C:. b3re prederabIe iryiNalf on Day D
ur7Eil EMyr 1Ã3 of rr1CE1l~7;Itiorl `t-Ir`d ttli:ri td:'.mpt.'reatl:rfl:: of i3pRlrZ?:dlr]1c`'1tr,'.ly 361 [,' aaf!? {jeSlraild:' t,r'76i hatching. Ro1,-1IEve ttumic9ity may ktiktllyr bi5 set at ~apprt)xiwate1}+
E=iLst :;hoo3d t?+:=.
,a fjustett according [i ail} accordir7g lo vemksltn aate arld t4r:iil,~ e,, g'# `-'r+zistht I.>a4~ u1114 25 Day 18wttEsn ri>l:alEve harwtdiEy{;1a;,iuf<l t,.ir hric,reas?ci to ap,aroxtrt7at~.~1, A sarGlahle envrÃorymzrlt for faiatchc~ti CEaicFs, re::artr7g Nrd',, J3yÃryc7 :anri r(zt)r0t:~U(:tii,r0ly' d3rdivo bhr(js ih a rigid vdi11i:;:f isofator, f=9EPA41wed Ar. The ;arr is maintLairr;:d at pasit;1.re I:kre.sure and exc}aanred at trequi,ant intvnr;ils (r.r.g. 1t7 tirrie;: ? hour for adult 30 WK Mkir,g iMn s3cmunt cut<ic capacity of the i;;ol,3t4r and sfoi.king raeravity,l, floor ar~ a of U ... th>= rn` ,' E irfI, gho.es an eMl part5 pmWcWd ftom damage by E7irtl, am,i aIr ti'.tT1p'"ratl.trt' and hÃgh-ltlrlg cÃ3f1tfO14d V} ~JrovIC:E?
Cof'rdIlI{1f15 -,~3mlhr t(] th,;)!i!, tfJr r:onyf~tnlirana:s1 t?~.rtls of !ho silrno y~}; t iÃ3h int1 ~,taqc~ (f Iifs cy'cio, Ri'aftFlg arld bre!..?drr1g iA h7fd [r1 a }3t'i3llfly and ~)rC1',jlJrti+,rf?
'.Antt' 'oe'h9hSt r17aIf1talf1!'d !f) ;3 ~ specified ctitlamlrt;:llrt]n fteL or s9er1Ie ~.'rt6rlr~anrnetit fetawtt S
sfri:r_r,jPt%Cd dii'tS iG
camf~~,~nsate for ll7u Eack of c~~MIin rutriontt, normally ptodut;ed by, for exiirnf E~~, Ih4s r:o{l le:1r7~1rr~~rits fÃaund in thN qut or or3 tfic 4~Ir7 of a bIrii in a conLrr,rltlarqal er7v3for7rrlE?nt.
It will be unrierhtoail thM Ihis in1:{.nltorti applies to d3.!! ~ivGslrr and replikar7 5l1%ecii:y, ,.fl.: Eni;lucfing but [lot limited to Oiicker,i,, turF'.eyq, fluai1 ducks qOr;4I'J, t;JiM-:1 fr:Y.-rl, F~}~~ ~~ ~f~t f?i3r'tttk~r,r? fiitrrols :3r7c9 grclEJs4, Tht~ iriv~.~nlion ,~~111 t.tr trtow- c',li;~Wrr urztturStotxj frorTi thtr folhi,~4lrir;c~ c.fest:ri~)tiofl of 1lle5 FttILiri 5 and t sdirrrp<<y f= cfwre 1a surc~r,.:~h iL.;olt}tor ~.ind cradle ac:cordir7c; to tlie, ir~:t:r~tir~r~.
Pigure 2 is a ditagr,.~mniati tz fbr~~i r~1~3lit~fl si[ th(. "IeIhod of the in:'r;*nlit.irti u:3irtg 4ti~~
swgicaf isoJatori:ict(j cradle of F=-igure 1, F rgure 1 sho't ~S a stt'rilo surctical i"~)Iator and cradle for a hird ~iccardinq t(y tht-~
inuentiori. This isaLltor provides a t-:ontamivant-lrco atmessphwo in v,kiit,k7 o 4urqic::a1 prouedur~.~ takes ist:+lalor i;1} r:oiqjri~e.s an It;olaltar= watle of flc.zit;le 14'Ith z3t !:mtit h:o qhoyrk'(.j !.}ar[+i ~Il{3t shio4v31), a solid d`,+(Dlatl'}r {hC)CJr d2? `>d71i.}3 ;]rC}vkdf:'i a:1r1 o ~,~~ri~ti(~~:~ ii~~ffL9~.t~ a3rid a ~]urqE,C3l port (3) ~iari~jrr~ t!}~~
{`.Y.~7il i~~}f~tofi~~d-i~k~r, The ~~.~tL~r~,F~!
pC}rt Jma'sll,i?s ~3r1 a`It;~.'rtl91ethf[;7ugh which th+'`= . 1)'.rso71 ~:~rr~i11C~ OLlt the f:llitterj C>3r1 acc~ss the~ of.=;~rl,trsiq ',iarf,1CaJ' of thi4:,, birt9. Altaehed W 9hc.~
isolator floor is a rradE(, t41 for rectrivlncl arld fo"Gtionir~g a hIrtl riurincl a %torili,~ tirrrc;ical ptocc(lure, Th(r (,ra[t!e is Praotally attached or f7irlq~t1 to tEie underside r:tf t}7e isolatar fE7or tl;~.~ suro i;;
a!
:is ;~ n k?y+ th.~ hirirt (5), Ã t7c surqe 'zi1 port i-, adaptcd tii ri c+ i:t tPtiairil in the i radfe and to !)ros.ide :3 r:ar77li!ete and 3taO'c air seal to bt~
rr7aintafrietf bi:t",Oon a bit'c9 WO 2007/095998 PCT/EP2006/060241 afl ths:: cradle and tile surgica1 1~00 drJrirlq strrqty.rj. TE7e. ~~~rÃfkc ~k part of.:rfure i:,;
prMl:,rat:)ly C:.Ãls.'ered'iiitfl i3 s t+~rlli'; ;7df3i3L!(.' likril (,,ihiiv~4r1 Irl klilt:1'1). 7 fll`+ stoMe 'i3d}ws9vC~
filrrl pr[avides lhe} stabEe aiir 7ttr:cradE;: aku pov;dr:*s the a1h<m%,itr;thlirt it l rtijtlli:~-s Alli.: sti3Wf' p`a7S9l[(,7r91ri'.~ C:F( ih1LL bEr(~~; aM_?rX
rLhillYt`~.'. ([} tt14' {]{.ii..raltlrig '.iiJrfilt:a'.
(:c( the 5urgi Gal 3solci Ei7r.
Fia:ftJru~ 2 i;havvr9 a dirit;rawwatica1 r~,PmsrõntK.lttors Of 1hlL rrrOTIM Of USiflcf 1lla cradle act.Ortfir"41 to Fig 2a s,s Eh,,, SEirrtkcok it.clAor ~ I} not iry use and iri tft;* cIor.et9 peawitiori ~-07 0t r .ornfaris~.~!~ an asc~laEar lfsi(ir +:"), surgicak porl :3r,d adhet,i4,r:
filrn (:f), cmiile. (4) r:wd hinge (5), Tt~o cr.adlc. is in the, ch:;ed positiort. Tiie svrgic:iif porE
(;~) is si;.ak~d with a fr's1 6ayirr of :;tirlka trall~partwnt wfhe5iue. film, Figure :?!) s}lo' "is ttiÃ.~ %urghcah is<k~~il:or i1`1 ~Arl GfIs;ti POS3tp:?r7 f,rrc;kl lFr,-It .I dii.Ck01 11111r/ he p1A,:;etf iri tftÃ; craÃ9fe. Tlji-, e.}r;.:t',i~r7 ~s; placed head firtit ~r1Ec:s thÃ.~ cradle anÃf the Of.~2r,:)titlg 9rjrface~ s7f the bird hs ifvfoatfiTr.rtwd and storili5a;xt The air ,etrl twt v iy.d:*n th11.?
brr(f h'-;olf:)tor 111.1f b':. t~."stod bdtar+. ;:md aito~r riufrjÃ.?ry using StOrih:. flÃJ:d t(-'St ri~,31E r3,:~tl v.hic:h ztrc- relÃ. ~~set1 rrto the mirqiciil isa[~itorlo innbIÃ5 i.xterwk [eak5 to be dP tt...#etf.
f;i,g-ire 2c a s+:.:.ond st'er7t:~ a[jh~.>siire 4ifn) plared on tF-ti+r'.~
sterilh-;ea:l undor's'Idrq of the Ck117k(~-I1. ~ri {f;"~'i3h7~~ ~3 r1arf't)`+ad :atd1FJ of trarls{3<.3rt:d'lt ~i~k~t:5l.rE fIIfT) [rC)t 5tw'.">rl) is pl,jGirif on a 5lrril,,- ~ tirfi:3[ o il1i"_ bWl. A second 1a}rÃ?r of wr7lf;
trf3rl:4)zirer1E adk34~51vo filrn iy p1iiac-d ori tup t;ra the masra.rstrhp of adhesive frkrii, At this stag~, ttw rrztlle is pivou>:d into t}}(~ c,losi.cf p-osiEhan to znsure staErre po.;itioning nf 1t`te birtfs, ;:1h~i:Ãxmen reltrtiy!o 1o the tJF)era1inq Skjrface. t7{ the, --surghi:al i'>oli11iJr: The ~ ~rrf :; 0hdOrlyt:rI '5hO4ild p.,lfallei (c) thii} flf)Or Of lhÃ: SUrrf[cnh isolator tL) facll tatÃ.-wuri;l(~ol wirmpu[-at:on, krqs should Eii~ twhd in ih0 fUl1}+ #lf-'XÃ3ct PcsSÃIik3rl r:Uld cforrUl Se.afetl.
f=~ir)ÃJr+~> 2t9 ~;h~i~,o.~~ the cradle in 1f~iS [`.'t~~:r cf ~~~ itit,r~ such Iha~l sterile f~lrfii Ã:}~ the ,Ãirqica3 port and adhesive fllrri vn the bird Ã:crtie irrlr7 ccar7tact ti) iarrti a el ~k~1i 'iir =.Ae~a!
s;it#in MO SuMic:t3f p;aCator arld prod;ie a sfc-nle Ea E)i~ ~or). U'q,r2rj tfi;:,-N5t adflt?SIt>'f hyi.".Y tJfl le pL]rE is i!1 'L":i"Jf3tact Y+3E1 IttL
Si'ct}ll;j L'3}'[:i t1f1 ttli`' Eaht a cortli:rfme air seaJ is cr=,atd.ci E M<<E ri t}ae bird tinfi tht#
~;urqk-,,! isof;itor.
13 Tf=lL`'. r.11f "-i'l:=.af bi?me~.~71 M? Wd and tfiL' sd.lMl(f::i ISoWr may be Wsodj b:Nm tmd i:4Wr 5Urq,{;:~+ usinq sti3f1~~ ItfCd [=M ':Alt"h alfe dE'lS'.a--,iri{ ii1tC? (fld_?
`_iufg14.i-3l N4JbtC)f lC) f:,~fl.clb'd.? Ji:^d3ks to k'i' Ãfdaf,t'rtt,'.f.
ty~c~~r~i~ale 1 h'~3ctft~d Fifty r,3~:C~G1~~ f~'.rl~i'JIi:" tlfi I tl~ai tj6~LJIE E77 l]d?
1.t11e~.1,'il,`4 of f1C}'~afl +~f~~ ~l.:it~.1`.+ ~'tt:;rl3 I71;1[E1tiillli C~
nr7 seloder,t drets :3r1t9 e~lli~>^ri.:f to bmi:o naturally. 7imirt g of Ia}~~in, dG:ril.msltiorly ~as rectarefoci i.ilLlivisSu:ill~ for 1orwaIL over a t.m-'9'~(,,Ok pt>rilod.
Thfr rrltran tirrlu of day (tirltie. L) wblf;'.tl itn egil yb'r~ ilaiii L'.'i.75 for each +QrTlali?, The ti1i1L` of day for L-3h vas caluuLltecf and 1l1e pf.riod froiii L-3 to L vwas nomir1ated as the rii.ri",dItior'F
rlteovcil, TttEs interval ~'r'a::i iI1[' tIf71C.' Irl 1'wh1~~~~) a5i.,?pt3c stmjlcc3l li-3ps-3C~1,,tm11y Vw'~3.i pt,rtt: rrrii:ii for rerrgoval of th,i,? rrlr-ist ckrvr Iop({ct tq~), in c~ii;h bifd, For IIle pr'at;eÃlurl~.. birds ,.~ere etrthar'k,~~f~.'d by Cervicryl clislo;:;iiion arld tiPlartly {ar(-~p,3rj~ej. Birt;l; were submorgi:i1 in a ctasinfect~arlt solulion for 5 minuti:s.
a F:, Loather,,-; rentovisd ffor7i the ventm, f thlorax arttt abtt'=an3en and the exposr,tf AÃrt "
t'te rili~;~~;.ij ~.r~~rl~~ a ~i~l' scifs~titir7 of ic?:iir~i~ irl tilctjhol heated to 37'es. Each Eiirti r.> os ttu.tfl pf~yc~?tt ur1.der ;i sh ;~;.iaVGri at9aplrgd sÃirgE,.ol i~.ahatt:sr storilisod ovi111 at;ciltktyrl cif porf:aci:rtr ac;;f and ecsella;ninc stt=rilz instruralrMs and ;:i 500 riil flask Go~nt;iinirlg judir1]L~
m :Vcr?hal, 'Thfy birr! ;vadr cov~.roci vJth a '2terl!e drs3pi-, ~Anld zi ~,te.rtEo- entry p:art of the .) IsolyitC,ir a"1a',i tr7f,~11 pj+:#,':cd.j over the liia3p(?, A
41par(ltfl[Tly Ir1&;3a.5PS :"r'A]s rY3E:idl: iyr'3d 1t7~.' t5viduck tk-li: ulerus) v:a<< lied off at l~oth sides (;f th~f,, r=r-It~
USinyt .;UtUre~
rrialeri.4 The o:ridw,vt ;vati Iheri 1rat3;,cc4F>d distal to e:l[`.h ()f th;~
sutt.ife ~ frtiril 1he ~,,ncl ~3Fld lllr? C}L"idl9Ct ct7r1mtllirltj tht: egg 'w' :3s rE'_rT3a'a~(7 frt}rlfl II1c ff'.rTl~l!t'_,< z1bdC?{lrlerl~ Tlle !1!T'r1J i 4 rl ';lsc d (r qs) thCO 171;1:C1?Ct if3 lhe 30drfle4W'Oh[9!
517119l1,3n f~,3r wiEllJti .;
F, after a"1h3ih the ovi6.fUf:t"ki'n::~.b'.-`rtA t?gi~ 'a':ii`.-t tl'k7fleifLr7t?d v6i an f.'nlf~
y pt7rt fri5fT1 thi('.
.; l.irqtfwJ 15ola'tC9r ti,? a rl:t:O 4r1g 1sC}L3tOr. Irl t}it. fL'.rx~-1k'iflg t4oh-3tof, thi'_ (S''vIdlii.t 4'"r,l i it7 .r:e. ct, tt-v> rerllpvi:r:l. ti,r'3trF:]i~J ^;oith ci f9i~slnfe;.larlt suI lion and tr ~r~;fi rri f1 to arl isolator adapted a15 ;l I1.1tON;r ir,t~Ubalor.
; i::i VNiithlir) O=7e ctly of f1atdli.nf;. !iw'iw. ch1icLtLns removed from 9he hr1tcherY,, isolator rirtci Irarasforted to two 1,3rti~ 5~ ~f~ rearing i;;.olator for reartrlg qroups of yC7wlil thiol;1:'11s. L,l1rCFer1s ..f;rc? Ftmrrd ~Irl i.;or7v71d::r(:Iral Cjbc-t4 sterilised t,iy raifrallO1y.
r'~t 18 days, of fhre c:hit.kr n:; (,~re runlo:red frurrl e~ach caf th33 r(~,rir.~ i~~rÃrittirdp, cuEhana5ed and sampled for bar:tctrof~t~y by t~~.~r~;~i;.i: -ir~~i ~n.ji~rc~F)i~ c;i.~1tLlre: ~~'t~rrlf?I ~
idWudt 'i Ii=~i-r. spic~r:t7, heart b!~iad, vagiriWt.1o;.3ca, uwc.d ar7d small intr~,.slir1I-111 diqw41a Viable chi,koris halrRletl tut:ci4ssfu3ly fr~arii (he rlr"ti.fici;ll[,r der5ved eggs 1 r; (P1 jEc3af)qity >5more ofter) f^~a annerobsc or sierobic Ã~~~cteri;3 were isohted fror;i thi' chickens sm7~~~[ed.
A ~ jÃi and highly Ofe:cti.r+_ r7l0fltid for tirtific:+~l fart~dU"tios~ t1f {i:rr~~-frir~* fi;rrl'i tsciri chiLk-en" ;;,as usi.~t~lished. Ec~g-s +KiabEA. ~in(,J prt~t.ltit:ei:9 vi~it:lo c,Tprm-tr~.xo chick.erls, slf:.Co-ssdkjlljt rTlrlintairlec! iri i.,olalor's.
:.1 A Si;4'li..S O~ (llrtf)l:~3r 5tU:.fit3s 1'if?rE;> S;C1FldllCti:;Cf Ifl 'r3d;Cl)rda{1L.~e S'=,lttl E?:a.3r1'lp[t'1 . i:t,'lrt 3t]Ietb affect sterility tlnri viat).fit}r c,f ;~urgGGaIf}r dQÃn,ed fc~r#i!~: cf;t~t~
,~a<<r+`.
eva31uat~=ii in aEils Ã~:'a:atTlp!c. E:'zalut3fEcns rlmdir in the Eh,c.
resEllts, obtained Ihe: t(~;;EJltg sdc'I1EifILd the 4al7rlk:a4?s 1hat a}re t;rlt's;:;fl caF3troE
p6ttI': rertvlrÃ::c.! 1o cori5isteot,Ey pr0ducr;> gc-,rtn-fr~i~ erpqs of Mic;h sriaNity High 4i,ibiiity+ is, dr:lEr7ed as atNI%t h;3>;cr3abtM}? Oll:f ~3~ovt IreaCf9ii1g rd:.?piOCjLx tP:e 1i1c1turltJ'.
Examplc 2Ar Effr:>e!s of differi~,:nt ti Omi;lEjeA; ft,ir sla;.rilisirl,f equipment in::hwiing ~;LirqQUiil isolator and IfistrElrllent`,i. E1'i7lUiltion a 91CGlJdLi.~ typc".i, ClEJ-lr3tlt'f and t3ITl(1 of r 3df:~t=l~~1, 311d {."~1c9fXirrJ
; , ..
StcItif-L3nts- (pproxEb9e t}rpe.s, hgaloger7 Jtlupds, a!cott;:xE) iri EÃ auiri ard vzipotm fc.)rpi;,, for tlifforent t(-,~mperalures ar7d 1imo. aa'ith anci vaithzouE i3etwclet7t SoltatE:]r7 ort owbr,yi) uiability and .,fLnrility, f7~~ ti It=;.
of strrgica1ly-rc-mcw+xci 0r~~~ to alcohol and Organf(; 3Wine at 20. 32 car :37'C. and to p racetic acid solution {l 5t;. er"t~ reduces t7alchiibilita+ frc}agi C~tk 9[t~':'>
(c o rI lro 15) Ea 13 -f19 ;"", Ea;G:?o`:+llw, 41 FTL3falcetic acid uapi)uf for >5 tTlif) ra;dil.:eti E1e3ELhL#tSiGt)r by E: t;s ~psure te) kridlnc~ qcaiution reduces h;:aich-ablilty+ by 50'i Exarmpto 26:
Effi.xcts of Efrrie (;rert; to 180 ttiMUWS) h:etY~vuÃ:n i>uth7areasRa and r'.gtl rmrxiJal rkn viability and irase of swÃJif;,ll W~WipUkltGOrl, haEchtlbilit}+ -jnd ;ttrriliÃy SEerility 10 0`;<; ,.
SUrgcr, inrrà asingl;r iliPfi~.~~lt minutes, h-itch-Lability_-30`:, aiter 60 mirlote.s.
.:, ;.., ExampEe 2C;
Effects of difft~rent types and nlr;Ehads of appEEk,:iEian of adh,~=siue f31r77a;, tci crLtlt+~
air seal bpEvl~e+::n E?arerZk (iird and surctru)l isohEar; r~ldhotiti of testing 1h(:.
devt,-.~.=s for positi,jrlir;q hirt1 dwtng stirc,ery tci opt3rttfse sLal forrl7L-sEiorl tlr,,d tiwrg(:a::jr rt).~r~iF~r~l Rf? ,ll3t%.
Le-{aEtinq and . ti (ili5irv) s61 3ri imt oti ant for 0bfair7irig, t.onti stitrzt ; tyal bclvii tvey itlrYi b;ttt sE~irl.
E rdif:? C}f :~~ E?~ t taVi~ Ii31ra f of f3~1T1 if~' rc {~Lllf~}Ã~ C~F7t adhered to E.?kr(~, a3tl:j ~.31"1(7t~Z!?r Ir3 ttS'+.'.
:;urq3call part of thic? 5t~r~~+:.~1 EsoE'atorvõIEh adhesive Iayt'r adtiaC.( r1t ta~ I~rltj.
E,~irtlti' ~1t)UJOrnt:rI $htataCd b=;:~ paralli;9 to flt?.?r of suÃ~it:~9 i:;cahator to faci[Et,-3tE~, surgie;:i1 ni,3r1rpUl,-liian ia::I4 SfloLald be hii?ICf Irl fLilly He;ed po:iitlan, ri1;.);3C~~ sealirrf, TÃ:rM intt:gtit.y of scah br.Afw'~;Iftnr surga.;ty usirig hielitirti ano ,'t;7r i;i,finLa indir::r:ltor ti:ClhUtlrjfl, tdlcllrlt~~3~n po",-`1tiS<<< p1t:`i!sUro and sti;rlhe air, Exampl~ 3 E-xa;iaple 3A:
E.fiect4, of tiifierenc;' in Iimis k~tEk ~~}tt t-4*p;_rited ovi-I,ositiotl arl;l tivqit:~-fl ri:t>wvaI of 1:the egg 4rorrI the P.-Irerit Oirc1 oti i~N vii3brfiiy and sls:rility+ artd ease of surÃfiLaE
rttaniptiiaItTI.
Ri, :tJIGs Kdchabiidt at:
contrr l (n,alorally [aid i ggsp #3~r-10{?;L hatch, 80-100 .;; sftyr3lsy;
~:.c~cfs rc:rr~c~^,~Ã:t~ frot~3 utÃ~r~5 ,;,~iEhin 30 rr7f.t~ t~f I
r~~~;i,IR~z?si;:~ tar ~~atP~ ~t7 y~is~. 13 ,~t'`>
hatch, 80-100'3 slerile;
l?ggs, fvmC}vL.'d frt7T31 r.Jti.4f.Js 1:3O Illlrl ilft'1;;t {:;11th'r:3rli]S1i3, 14` `i t14307, 810'92 rO SUnl4`.
1,.ontr[yI not appIlcabll':
30 rllil13,1lP, ;. Ood, tis'S1.3L:s i;'iItiiy Ofy vx11E.id, CIC1 nlit~kAese [.fr~hcu1l, tissues ttifficult to ehea~it(~ r<:arty r~agodmt:+rvdis) Lx7mpIe 3B:
EffecEs of tireied ovi-pvsstion vi:rstas palpatiort ;rer.3us ctamt,:iriaEior3 of th~~ ~iy ti.T1117icJU~s irri pr(-)p~~r~~c~t~~ i~f ~=;~'~s complele shells .ersus soft tikir;ll .
.iat}ifil':r (un;u,Ahf;P lifc djrfsF4 al tim~.~ of hsltcfwirtg) anc9 on ra5e of sts(qit.~)l manipula1i';.in ReSd1ts Tirrting nhnne, soft shflhfs, mit1 tti.) sukabic-. +--,gg fLir removal -v+aEritiERr sterility 75-1(10rtt, z~A1'si? 0 surgical fn'LirS1J`,=i.fh:7lIC)r3, d ar7ab1;?;
Pa1p,itiotl ;.3Ft:)ni:, soft shi:Hs & nra Suitat.le t:r^jc~ for tf r~~ ~~,3Ã
13 .,itlt?~ilitgr 1:3-a~~"'<,.
r., str.krilrty 89-11~~? ;;. ea so of swgrc:3h rwinrpulatton. {7csocS,.
Ttnling rombined kP,th palpation, stft s116l"; iinri rio surltjNas f:c1q 1ot wnio4di! 10"2;?'.iT, uiability 14-57% steriliW 9~.~ 10f};:,, ease of surgicaF rwinipulation, gooct), Exarr~~le 3c:
h-~Hecls 0 arltii,i,?lictr (r,..g. orafky ai1niGii stercd flUrOt~Uir;O3Ortr~,4j an efiwin,-W,?n of tiacw6a1 and myr.;oMasmal ir7Ncli0fls and ar3 v,atfility and 41r:rility of orr7E,r}os and subsr~~~Lwr' t cf7ick,~.
F~esuI!s.
.P'MF70LJt ~wtitik,&cs, wiaf.ilily and sti=rihil~y 66-92'r~, an4hli[ali:.s, viakiility 13-riP,'), and Sleriliiy Example 30, E=d~ec1s of pr+~-rncubalran st(waqtr 6we ((? to 5 days) and condrlians.
~Cemlaera lure, hurrlhdiky, ef3i wier?tafi;)n. rentif;%on' +.+ibrtatiotl}, hrii;ubalinrsti condilinn~, (ti:rr'qwr;Auri;.
hurrdot venlibEion, atienMtion. we ht is4), handCint1 and hatr:.Wtig conditions wl Stomt1Ã' limoti of tl, o:3, $a riiays. h,1k07 abilityr ~-vas 90. 90 and Terrrk.t.rattfre. for sIordye of si daysr 25C and .vilh vibta6onr`vcr7lilati~w, ;:~ppo}:ima1m1y 20a: and no "t3mlir;an va~i.~
20 6015 e:qni1 80: rn.9p~.k;.t1Yely.
Egg or7entat'sor7 and svQM Ios;=;: eggs fWt on srdleloss 7.81i_, eggs rloriied-en.f uMmr-mosk. wcrQhi Ins=,, 10,2 .13.112: KAMbility 30`:r, and 849VA, r i; .`.~ p i:: t; t 3v ltl;:r.
~i~l'1C~ll~~t3r1 As t;'.q.r'[';QF:d C]IVol the S'iAe rainge C.1f yMwib{'l'- Ir7ve',sllg;3ted, a ve'r.l.at' 4'i96ety Clf fE:~RJIks Mr ~~:'OKIIk'rr and stellllta' %yti?1'e Maifle(~. Tht,''. msiJR,,, iii;f4vrjtlfSL:o} tN? ZIar1i3bI[':: 4 that Are criti::~il r_orjlrcal F:ojrtls retluirai to ccnsi5tixDlly f,MtJUc:t~ d,etw-fret- txggr, of high vi,-llailik`{
hliclh wability+ is tlrsl:rnr,.d as about halchakfil~ ,:rrkpf ak.<.ouE W~~i, re~"li.E7hng rzpro<iuct;v(-.~ n~7zakurity,
Claims (11)
1. A sterile surgical isolator and cradle for a bird which provides a contaminant-free atmosphere in which a surgical procedure is performed comprising an isolator made of walls with at least two gloved ports, a solid isolator floor which provides an operating surface and a surgical port within the solid isolator floor;
a cradle for receiving and positioning a bird during a sterile surgical procedure having an open and closed position;
wherein the cradle enables the stable positioning of the operating surface of the bird relative to the operating surface of the isolator such that the operating surface of the bird maybe operated on through the surgical port;
and wherein the cradle in the closed position provides a complete and stable air seal to be maintained between a bird on the cradle and the surgical port.
a cradle for receiving and positioning a bird during a sterile surgical procedure having an open and closed position;
wherein the cradle enables the stable positioning of the operating surface of the bird relative to the operating surface of the isolator such that the operating surface of the bird maybe operated on through the surgical port;
and wherein the cradle in the closed position provides a complete and stable air seal to be maintained between a bird on the cradle and the surgical port.
2. The sterile surgical isolator and cradle according to claim 1 wherein the surgical port is sealed with a transparent film during use.
3. The sterile surgical isolator and cradle according to claim 1 or claim 2 suitable for surgery involving the removal of a premature egg from the uterus of a bird.
4. The sterile isolator and cradle according to any of claims 1 to 3 wherein the cradle is pivotally attached or hinged to the underside of the isolator floor below the surgical port.
5. The strile surgical isolator according to any of the preceding claims wherein the cradle is attached to the isolator floor at one end by a pivot or hinge means and is attached at the opposite end via a releasable mechanism.
6. A method of using the surgical isolator and cradle according to any of the preceding claims wherein the surgical port is sealed with a first layer of sterile transparent adhesive film;
the operating surface of the bird is cleaned and sterilized and the bird is placed on the cradle in the open position;
a narrow strip of transparent adhesive film is placed on the strerile surface the bird;
a second layer of sterile transparent adhesive film is placed on top of the narrow strip of adhesive film; and The cradle is moved into the closed position to ensure stable positioning of the operating surface of the bird, preferably the abdomen, relative to the operating surface of the surgical isolator;
Wherein the first adhesive layer is in contact with the second adhesive layer and a complete air seal is created between the bird and the surgical isolator.
the operating surface of the bird is cleaned and sterilized and the bird is placed on the cradle in the open position;
a narrow strip of transparent adhesive film is placed on the strerile surface the bird;
a second layer of sterile transparent adhesive film is placed on top of the narrow strip of adhesive film; and The cradle is moved into the closed position to ensure stable positioning of the operating surface of the bird, preferably the abdomen, relative to the operating surface of the surgical isolator;
Wherein the first adhesive layer is in contact with the second adhesive layer and a complete air seal is created between the bird and the surgical isolator.
7. The method according to claim 6 wherein the air seal between the bird and the surgical isolator is tested using sterile fluid test materials which are released into the surgical isolator to enable external leaks to be detected.
8. The method according to claim 8 wherein the fluid test material is sterile helium gas.
9. A surgical method for the removal of a premature egg in its shell from a bird comprising the following steps Making an incisioj through the skin of the bird;
Bringing the uterus of the bird to the surface;
Making an incision in the uterus and removing the egg and the uterus or clamping the uterus and removing the egg.
Bringing the uterus of the bird to the surface;
Making an incision in the uterus and removing the egg and the uterus or clamping the uterus and removing the egg.
10. The method according to claim 9 further comprising repairing the uterus.
11. The method according to claim 9 or 10 wherein the egg is sterilised immediately after removal from the uterus.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2006/060241 WO2007095998A1 (en) | 2006-02-23 | 2006-02-23 | A surgical isolator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2643160A1 true CA2643160A1 (en) | 2007-08-30 |
Family
ID=37056877
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002643160A Abandoned CA2643160A1 (en) | 2006-02-23 | 2006-02-23 | A surgical isolator |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8127721B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1991158A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2009527293A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101420921B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2006338683A1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0621555A2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2643160A1 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL193189A0 (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ570338A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2007095998A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115844577A (en) * | 2023-03-02 | 2023-03-28 | 天津海河标测技术检测有限公司 | Animal test workbench |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101437392A (en) * | 2006-02-23 | 2009-05-20 | 奥瓦根国际有限公司 | Method for incubation and hatching of eggs |
| CA2707181C (en) * | 2009-09-15 | 2012-06-26 | Omayma E. Moharram | Portable device and process to automatically cleanse and dry pets |
| WO2014025702A1 (en) | 2012-08-06 | 2014-02-13 | Xcelerator Labs, Llc | Sterile surgical drape for ophthalmic surgery |
| US20140318467A1 (en) * | 2013-01-09 | 2014-10-30 | Edmond Jette, JR. | Animal claw trimming chamber assembly |
| US20210378805A1 (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2021-12-09 | Nola Z. Gedeon | Portable animal retaining device |
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| US1717532A (en) * | 1928-08-17 | 1929-06-18 | Fairmont Railway Motors Inc | Veterinary surgical table |
| US2484088A (en) * | 1945-11-13 | 1949-10-11 | Dale A Hayes | Testing and operating table for fowls |
| US3717128A (en) * | 1971-01-29 | 1973-02-20 | G Pearman | Animal holder |
| US4111753A (en) * | 1976-06-07 | 1978-09-05 | National Appliance Company | Controlled atmosphere apparatus and method of transferring specimens to same |
| US4214556A (en) * | 1978-07-03 | 1980-07-29 | Knox Harry D | Device for immobilizing animals |
| US4184451A (en) * | 1978-07-17 | 1980-01-22 | Carlin Milton O | Restraining device for animal surgery |
| SU852323A1 (en) * | 1979-02-12 | 1981-08-07 | За витель | Device for fixing birds and small animals |
| US4407234A (en) * | 1981-07-13 | 1983-10-04 | Kleman Joseph F | Portable and adjustable apparatus for cleaning, grooming, and otherwise treating dogs and other animals of similar size |
| US4407232A (en) * | 1982-03-08 | 1983-10-04 | Konz Gerald J | Apparatus for immobilizing animals of randomly encountered sizes |
| JPS61162944A (en) * | 1985-01-11 | 1986-07-23 | 財団法人 化学及血清療法研究所 | Experimental animal fixing tool |
| JPS6230813A (en) * | 1985-07-30 | 1987-02-09 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Electrical heater |
| US4657004A (en) * | 1986-08-29 | 1987-04-14 | Coffey Robert T | Mobile livestock intensive care unit |
| US5146635A (en) * | 1989-06-01 | 1992-09-15 | Gastle Thomas H | Veterinary surgery table |
| US5243931A (en) * | 1992-06-11 | 1993-09-14 | Mcdonough Richard W | Pet grooming restraint device |
| US5826286A (en) * | 1996-10-09 | 1998-10-27 | Vssi, Inc. | Veterinary surgical table |
| US6675741B2 (en) * | 2002-01-23 | 2004-01-13 | Thomas E. Remmler | Animal restraint system |
| CN2534995Y (en) * | 2002-03-12 | 2003-02-12 | 林武结 | Operative table for caponizing |
| JP2004147886A (en) * | 2002-10-30 | 2004-05-27 | Itsuki Machida | Curing instrument for race pigeon and the other birds and curing method for birds using the curing instrument |
| FR2848410A1 (en) * | 2002-12-13 | 2004-06-18 | Cedric Deslias | Machine for carrying out operation, e.g. artificial insemination of a bird such as a goose, duck or turkey, includes frame with shelf having automatically operable immobilizing device for restraining bird on shelf |
| US6910445B1 (en) * | 2003-02-24 | 2005-06-28 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | System and method for containment and testing of extremely toxic substances |
| CA2473061A1 (en) * | 2003-07-10 | 2005-01-10 | The Hospital For Sick Children | Method and apparatus for animal positioning |
| US7421978B2 (en) * | 2004-10-18 | 2008-09-09 | Price Roger W | Portable washing apparatus for animals |
| FR2876652B1 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2008-04-18 | Giat Ind Sa | HYBRID TRANSMISSION SYSTEM FOR VEHICLE |
| US7040254B1 (en) * | 2004-11-15 | 2006-05-09 | Rucker Charlotte D | Transportable animal washing apparatus |
| CA2530636A1 (en) * | 2004-12-20 | 2006-06-20 | Conception Ro-Main Inc. | Piglet restraint |
| CA2551465A1 (en) * | 2006-07-05 | 2008-01-05 | Ronnie Kerr | Hitch carrier device |
-
2006
- 2006-02-23 CA CA002643160A patent/CA2643160A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-02-23 BR BRPI0621555-6A patent/BRPI0621555A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-02-23 AU AU2006338683A patent/AU2006338683A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-02-23 US US12/279,601 patent/US8127721B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-02-23 CN CN2006800542386A patent/CN101420921B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-02-23 JP JP2008555640A patent/JP2009527293A/en active Pending
- 2006-02-23 WO PCT/EP2006/060241 patent/WO2007095998A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-02-23 EP EP06708493A patent/EP1991158A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2007
- 2007-02-23 NZ NZ570338A patent/NZ570338A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2008
- 2008-07-31 IL IL193189A patent/IL193189A0/en unknown
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115844577A (en) * | 2023-03-02 | 2023-03-28 | 天津海河标测技术检测有限公司 | Animal test workbench |
| CN115844577B (en) * | 2023-03-02 | 2023-04-28 | 天津海河标测技术检测有限公司 | Animal test workbench |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BRPI0621555A2 (en) | 2011-12-13 |
| WO2007095998A1 (en) | 2007-08-30 |
| NZ570338A (en) | 2010-08-27 |
| US8127721B2 (en) | 2012-03-06 |
| JP2009527293A (en) | 2009-07-30 |
| EP1991158A1 (en) | 2008-11-19 |
| CN101420921A (en) | 2009-04-29 |
| IL193189A0 (en) | 2009-09-22 |
| CN101420921B (en) | 2010-09-29 |
| US20090099575A1 (en) | 2009-04-16 |
| AU2006338683A1 (en) | 2007-08-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 20130225 |