CA2508870A1 - Prefilming atomizer - Google Patents

Prefilming atomizer Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2508870A1
CA2508870A1 CA002508870A CA2508870A CA2508870A1 CA 2508870 A1 CA2508870 A1 CA 2508870A1 CA 002508870 A CA002508870 A CA 002508870A CA 2508870 A CA2508870 A CA 2508870A CA 2508870 A1 CA2508870 A1 CA 2508870A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
liquid
thin film
channel
droplets
atomizer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002508870A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2508870C (en
Inventor
Herman E. Snyder
James Nasiatka
Christopher M. Varga
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Novartis AG
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CA2508870A1 publication Critical patent/CA2508870A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2508870C publication Critical patent/CA2508870C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/06—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B05B7/0441—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/16—Evaporating by spraying
    • B01D1/18—Evaporating by spraying to obtain dry solids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/16—Evaporating by spraying
    • B01D1/20—Sprayers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B01J2/02—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops
    • B01J2/04—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops in a gaseous medium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/06—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane
    • B05B7/062—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/06—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane
    • B05B7/062—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet
    • B05B7/065—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet an inner gas outlet being surrounded by an annular adjacent liquid outlet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/06—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane
    • B05B7/062—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet
    • B05B7/066—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet with an inner liquid outlet surrounded by at least one annular gas outlet
    • B05B7/067—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet with an inner liquid outlet surrounded by at least one annular gas outlet the liquid outlet being annular
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
    • B05B7/0807—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/007—Pulmonary tract; Aromatherapy
    • A61K9/0073—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
    • A61K9/16—Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
    • A61K9/1682—Processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B05B7/0433—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of gas surrounded by an external conduit of liquid upstream the mixing chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B05B7/0441—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber
    • B05B7/0466—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber with means for deflecting the central liquid flow towards the peripheral gas flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/11101—Pulverising gas flow impinging on fuel from pre-filming surface, e.g. lip atomizers

Abstract

A method of forming droplets comprises flowing a liquid (65) through a channel (60); spreading the liquid into a thin film in the channel; and impinging the thin film with a flowing gas (100) to atomize the liquid (65) into droplets.
The droplets may then be dried to produce dried particles, such as particles comprising a pharmaceutical active agent. The droplets formed by the disclosed process have improved size and/or size distribution characteristics.

Claims (26)

1. A method of forming droplets, the method comprising:
flowing a liquid through a channel;
spreading the liquid into a thin film in the channel; and impinging the thin film with a flowing gas to atomize the liquid into droplets having a diameter less than 35 micrometers.
2. A method according to claim 1 wherein the thickness of the thin film is less than 0.020 in.
3. A method according to claim 1 wherein the thickness of the thin film is less than 0.005 in.
4. A method according to claim 1 wherein the liquid comprises a pharmaceutical active agent.
5. A method according to claim 1 further comprising contacting the thin film with a second flowing gas.
6. A method according to claim 1 wherein the thin film is cylindrically shaped.
7. A method of forming droplets, the method comprising:
flowing a liquid through a channel;
spreading the liquid into a thin film; and impinging the thin film with a flowing gas to atomize the liquid into droplets, the flowing gas impinging the thin film at a right angle.
8. A method according to claim 7 wherein the thickness of the thin film is less than 0.020 in.
9. A method according to claim 7 wherein the thickness of the thin film is less than 0.005 in.
10. A method according to claim 7 wherein the liquid comprises a pharmaceutical active agent.
11. A method according to claim 7 wherein the thin film is cylindrically shaped.
12. A method of forming a pharmaceutical formulation, the method comprising:
flowing a liquid through a channel, the liquid comprising a pharmaceutical active agent;
spreading the liquid into a thin film;
impinging the thin film with a flowing gas to atomize the liquid into droplets;
and drying the droplets to form particles comprising the active agent.
13. A method according to claim 12 wherein the particles have a mass median diameter less than 20 µm.
14. A method according to claim 12 wherein the particles have a mass median diameter less than 10 µm.
15. A method according to claim 12 wherein the active agent comprises insulin.
16. A pharmaceutical formulation produced by a method comprising:
flowing a liquid through a channel, the liquid comprising a pharmaceutical active agent;
spreading the liquid into a thin film;
impinging the thin film with a flowing gas to atomize the liquid into droplets;
and drying the droplets to form particles comprising the active agent.
17. An atomizer for forming droplets, the atomizer comprising:
a first channel through which a liquid may flow, the channel comprising a constriction for spreading the liquid into a thin film in the channel; and a second channel though which an atomizing gas may flow, the second channel being positioned so that the atomizing gas impinges the liquid thin film in a manner which produces droplets having a diameter less than 35 micrometers.
18. An atomizer according to claim 17 wherein the constriction has a diameter less than 0.020 in.
19. An atomizer according to claim 17 wherein the constriction has a diameter less than 0.005 in.
20. An atomizer according to claim 17 further comprising a third channel through which a gas may flow.
21. An atomizer according to claim 17 wherein the first channel is shaped so that the thin film is cylindrically shaped.
22. An atomizer for forming droplets, the atomizer comprising:
a first channel through which a liquid may flow, the channel comprising a constriction for spreading the liquid into a thin film in the channel; and a second channel though which an atomizing gas may flow, the second channel being positioned so that the atomizing gas impinges the liquid thin film at a right angle to produce droplets.
23. An atomizer according to claim 22 wherein the constriction has a diameter less than 0.020 in.
24. An atomizer according to claim 22 wherein the constriction has a diameter less than 0.005 in.
25. An atomizer according to claim 22 wherein the first channel is shaped so that the thin film is cylindrically shaped.
26. A spray drying system for forming a pharmaceutical formulation, the system comprising:

an atomizer, the atomizer comprising a first channel through which a liquid may flow, the channel comprising a constriction for spreading the liquid into a thin film in the channel, the atomizer further comprising a second channel though which an atomizing gas may flow, the second channel being positioned so that the atomizing gas impinges the liquid thin film to produce droplets;
a drying chamber to dry the droplets; and a collector to collect particles dried in the chamber.
CA2508870A 2002-12-30 2003-12-16 Prefilming atomizer Expired - Fee Related CA2508870C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US43736702P 2002-12-30 2002-12-30
US60/437,367 2002-12-30
PCT/US2003/040166 WO2004058218A2 (en) 2002-12-30 2003-12-16 Prefilming atomizer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2508870A1 true CA2508870A1 (en) 2004-07-15
CA2508870C CA2508870C (en) 2012-10-16

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2508870A Expired - Fee Related CA2508870C (en) 2002-12-30 2003-12-16 Prefilming atomizer

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (2) US7967221B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1578536B1 (en)
JP (2) JP4808970B2 (en)
KR (1) KR20050088243A (en)
AU (1) AU2003302329B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2508870C (en)
MX (1) MXPA05007154A (en)
WO (1) WO2004058218A2 (en)

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US8616464B2 (en) 2013-12-31
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US20110297755A1 (en) 2011-12-08
US20040140374A1 (en) 2004-07-22
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AU2003302329A1 (en) 2004-07-22
EP1578536B1 (en) 2017-02-08

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