CA2464954A1 - Needleless injector - Google Patents

Needleless injector Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2464954A1
CA2464954A1 CA002464954A CA2464954A CA2464954A1 CA 2464954 A1 CA2464954 A1 CA 2464954A1 CA 002464954 A CA002464954 A CA 002464954A CA 2464954 A CA2464954 A CA 2464954A CA 2464954 A1 CA2464954 A1 CA 2464954A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
actuator
piston
injector
housing
shape memory
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002464954A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2464954C (en
Inventor
Aimee B. Angel
Ian W. Hunter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Original Assignee
Aimee B. Angel
Ian W. Hunter
Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aimee B. Angel, Ian W. Hunter, Massachusetts Institute Of Technology filed Critical Aimee B. Angel
Publication of CA2464954A1 publication Critical patent/CA2464954A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2464954C publication Critical patent/CA2464954C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
    • A61M5/31511—Piston or piston-rod constructions, e.g. connection of piston with piston-rod
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/30—Syringes for injection by jet action, without needle, e.g. for use with replaceable ampoules or carpules
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
    • F03G7/06—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using expansion or contraction of bodies due to heating, cooling, moistening, drying or the like
    • F03G7/065—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using expansion or contraction of bodies due to heating, cooling, moistening, drying or the like using a shape memory element
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/02—General characteristics of the apparatus characterised by a particular materials
    • A61M2205/0266—Shape memory materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/02—General characteristics of the apparatus characterised by a particular materials
    • A61M2205/0272—Electro-active or magneto-active materials

Abstract

An injector (10) includes a housing having a chamber (12) for holding a liquid formulation of an active principle to be injected into a biological body and an output port (13) in fluid communication with the chamber (12) through which the liquid formulation is injected. A piston (20) is positioned within the housing, and includes an end portion (36) with substantially the same shape as the chamber. A magnetic force draws the piston (20) and housing together to expel the liquid formulation out of the chamber through the output port (13).

Claims (52)

1. An injector, comprising:
a housing having a chamber for holding a liquid formulation of an active principle to be injected into a biological body and an output port in fluid communication with the chamber, the liquid formulation being injected though the output port;
a piston positioned within the housing, the piston including an end portion with substantially the same shape as the chamber; and an actuator attached to the piston, selectively forcing the piston away from the housing in opposition to a magnetic force, the piston and housing being drawn together by the magnetic force in response the actuator relaxing its force on the piston to expel the liquid formulation out of the chamber through the output port.
2. The injector of claim 1 further comprising an inlet port for filling the chamber with the liquid formulation.
3. The injector of claim 1 wherein the actuator is made of shape memory alloy, the actuator moving the piston away from the housing when a potential is applied to the actuator, and the piston moving towards the housing when the voltage is removed.
4. The injector of claim 3 wherein the actuator is one or more fibers of the shape memory alloy.
5. The injector of claim 3 wherein the shape memory alloy is Ni-Ti.
6. The injector of claim 3 wherein the shape memory alloy is approximately 10 mm to 200 mm long.
7. The injector of claim 6 wherein the shape memory alloy contracts approximately 0.5 mm to 10 mm when the potential is applied to the alloy.
8. The injector of claim 3 wherein the shape memory alloy structure changes phase from martensite to austellite when the potential is applied to the alloy.
9. The injector of claim 3 further comprising a capacitor, wherein the potential is applied to tile actuator when the capacitor discharges.
10. The injector of claim 9 wherein the capacitor has an energy output of about 100 J.
11. The injector of claim 9 wherein tile capacitor has an energy output of at least about J.
12. The injector of claim 1 wherein tile injector has a maximum injection pressure of approximately 300 MPa.
13. The injector of claim 1 wherein the injector has an injection pressure of at least 1 Mpa
14. The injector of claim 1 wherein the injector has a cycle time of about one sec.
15. The injector of claim 1 wherein the output port has a diameter of about 50 µm to 200 µm.
16. The injector of claim 1 wherein the chamber has a tapered shape.
17. The injector of claim 1 wherein the liquid formulation is a drug.
18. The injector of claim 1 further comprising an actuator attached to the piston and made of contractile polymers, the actuator moving the piston away from the housing when a potential is applied to the actuator, and the piston moving towards the housing when the voltage is removed.
19. The injector of claim 1 further comprising an actuator attached to the piston and made of a contracting material, the actuator moving the piston away from the housing when a potential is applied to the actuator, and the piston moving towards the housing when the voltage is removed.
20. An actuator, comprising:
a fiber of shape memory alloy under tension, the tension being produced by a magnetic force; and a capacitor which discharges a potential to the fiber to cause the fiber to contract, the fiber relaxing to a stretched state when the potential is removed.
21. The actuator of claim 20 wherein the actuator is one or more fibers of the shape memory alloy.
22. The actuator of claim 20 wherein the shape memory alloy is Ni-Ti.
23. The actuator of claim 20 wherein the shape memory alloy is approximately 10 mm to 200 mm long.
24. The actuator of claim 23 wherein the shape memory alloy contracts approximately 0.5 mm to 10 mm when the potential is applied to the alloy.
25. The actuator of claim 20 wherein the shape memory alloy structure changes phase from martensite to austenite when the potential is applied to the alloy.
26. The actuator of claim 20 wherein the capacitor has a an energy output of about 100 J.
27. The actuator of claim 20 wherein the capacitor has a capacitance of at least 10 J.
28. An injector, comprising:
a housing having a chamber for holding a liquid formulation of an active principle to be injected into a biological body and an output port in fluid communication with the chamber, the liquid formulation being injected though the output port;
a piston positioned within the housing, the piston including an end portion with substantially the same shape as the chamber; and an actuator attached to the piston and made of shape memory alloy, the piston and housing being drawn together by a magnetic force, the actuator moving the piston away from the housing when a potential is applied to the actuator, and the piston moving towards the housing when tile voltage is removed to expel the liquid formulation out of the chamber through the output port.
29. An actuator, comprising:
a contracting material under tension, the tension being produced by a magnetic force; and a capacitor which discharges a potential to the fiber to cause the fiber to contract, the fiber relaxing to a stretched state when the potential is removed.
30. The actuator of claim 29 wherein the contracting material is a shape memory alloy.
31. The actuator of claim 29 wherein the contracting material is a contractile polymer.
32. A method of injecting a liquid formulation of an active principle into a biological body, comprising:
holding a liquid formulation of an active principle in a chamber of a housing, the chamber being in fluid communication with an output port through which the liquid formulation is injected;
positioning a piston within the housing, the piston including an end portion with substantially the same shape as the chamber; and applying a magnetic force between the housing and the piston to draw the piston and the housing together;
expelling the liquid formulation from the chamber through the output port as the piston moves towards the housing.
33. The method of claim 32 further comprising filling the chamber with the liquid formulation through an inlet port of the housing.
34. The method of claim 32 further comprising applying a potential to an actuator attached to the piston to move the piston away from the housing and removing the potential to move the piston towards the housing.
35. The method of claim 34 further comprising discharging a capacitor to apply the potential to the actuator.
36. The method of claim 35 wherein the capacitor has an energy output of about 100 J.
37. The method of claim 35 wherein the capacitor has an energy output of at least 10 J.
38. The method of claim 34 wherein the actuator is made of shape memory alloy.
39. The method of claim 38 wherein the shape memory alloy is Ni-Ti.
40. The method of claim 38 wherein the shape memory alloy is approximately 10 m to 200 mm long.
41. The method of claim 40 wherein the shape memory alloy contracts approximately 0.5 mm to 10 mm when the potential is applied to the alloy.
42. The method of claim 38 wherein the shape memory alloy structure changes phase from martensite to austenite when the potential is applied to the alloy.
43. The method of claim 32 wherein the liquid formulation is a drug.
44. A method of actuating a fiber of shape memory alloy, comprising;
applying a tension to the fiber with a magnetic force; and discharging a capacitor to apply a potential to the fiber to cause the fiber to contract, the fiber relaxing to a stretched state when the potential is removed.
45. The method of claim 44 wherein the capacitor has an energy output of about 100 J.
46. The method of claim 44 wherein the capacitor has an energy output of at least 10 J.
47. The method of claim 44 wherein the fiber is made of shape memory alloy.
48. The method of claim 47 wherein the shape memory alloy is Ni-Ti.
49. The method of claim 47 wherein the shape memory alloy is approximately 10 mm to 200 mm.
50. The method of claim 49 wherein the shape memory alloy contracts approximately 0.5 mm to 10 mm when the potential is applied to the alloy.
51. The method of claim 47 wherein the shape memory alloy structure changes phase from martensite to austenite when the potential is applied to the alloy.
52. The injector of claim 1 wherein the magnetic force is supplied by a permanent magnet.
CA2464954A 2001-10-26 2002-10-18 Needleless injector Expired - Fee Related CA2464954C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US33816901P 2001-10-26 2001-10-26
US60/338,169 2001-10-26
PCT/US2002/033545 WO2003039635A2 (en) 2001-10-26 2002-10-18 Needleless injector

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2464954A1 true CA2464954A1 (en) 2003-05-15
CA2464954C CA2464954C (en) 2010-12-21

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2464954A Expired - Fee Related CA2464954C (en) 2001-10-26 2002-10-18 Needleless injector

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (2) US6939323B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1458439A2 (en)
JP (1) JP4332427B2 (en)
CN (2) CN101380494A (en)
AP (1) AP2004003041A0 (en)
AU (1) AU2002347974B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2464954C (en)
WO (1) WO2003039635A2 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP4332427B2 (en) 2009-09-16
CN1602211A (en) 2005-03-30
EP1458439A2 (en) 2004-09-22
US6939323B2 (en) 2005-09-06
CN101380494A (en) 2009-03-11
AU2002347974B2 (en) 2006-12-14
US20030083611A1 (en) 2003-05-01
CA2464954C (en) 2010-12-21
JP2005508233A (en) 2005-03-31
CN100435869C (en) 2008-11-26
US7425204B2 (en) 2008-09-16
AP2004003041A0 (en) 2004-06-30
US20050256448A1 (en) 2005-11-17
WO2003039635A3 (en) 2003-10-30
WO2003039635A2 (en) 2003-05-15

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