CA2437018C - Selective encryption to enable multiple decryption keys - Google Patents
Selective encryption to enable multiple decryption keys Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2437018C CA2437018C CA2437018A CA2437018A CA2437018C CA 2437018 C CA2437018 C CA 2437018C CA 2437018 A CA2437018 A CA 2437018A CA 2437018 A CA2437018 A CA 2437018A CA 2437018 C CA2437018 C CA 2437018C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- packets
- encrypted
- valid
- encryption key
- encryption
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
- H04N7/162—Authorising the user terminal, e.g. by paying; Registering the use of a subscription channel, e.g. billing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/088—Usage controlling of secret information, e.g. techniques for restricting cryptographic keys to pre-authorized uses, different access levels, validity of crypto-period, different key- or password length, or different strong and weak cryptographic algorithms
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs
- H04N21/2347—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs involving video stream encryption
- H04N21/23476—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs involving video stream encryption by partially encrypting, e.g. encrypting the ending portion of a movie
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/236—Assembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. transport stream, by combining a video stream with other content or additional data, e.g. inserting a URL [Uniform Resource Locator] into a video stream, multiplexing software data into a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Insertion of stuffing bits into the multiplex stream, e.g. to obtain a constant bit-rate; Assembling of a packetised elementary stream
- H04N21/23608—Remultiplexing multiplex streams, e.g. involving modifying time stamps or remapping the packet identifiers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/236—Assembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. transport stream, by combining a video stream with other content or additional data, e.g. inserting a URL [Uniform Resource Locator] into a video stream, multiplexing software data into a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Insertion of stuffing bits into the multiplex stream, e.g. to obtain a constant bit-rate; Assembling of a packetised elementary stream
- H04N21/2362—Generation or processing of Service Information [SI]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/236—Assembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. transport stream, by combining a video stream with other content or additional data, e.g. inserting a URL [Uniform Resource Locator] into a video stream, multiplexing software data into a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Insertion of stuffing bits into the multiplex stream, e.g. to obtain a constant bit-rate; Assembling of a packetised elementary stream
- H04N21/2365—Multiplexing of several video streams
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
- H04N21/258—Client or end-user data management, e.g. managing client capabilities, user preferences or demographics, processing of multiple end-users preferences to derive collaborative data
- H04N21/25866—Management of end-user data
- H04N21/25875—Management of end-user data involving end-user authentication
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
- H04N21/266—Channel or content management, e.g. generation and management of keys and entitlement messages in a conditional access system, merging a VOD unicast channel into a multicast channel
- H04N21/26606—Channel or content management, e.g. generation and management of keys and entitlement messages in a conditional access system, merging a VOD unicast channel into a multicast channel for generating or managing entitlement messages, e.g. Entitlement Control Message [ECM] or Entitlement Management Message [EMM]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/434—Disassembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. demultiplexing audio and video streams, extraction of additional data from a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Extraction or processing of SI; Disassembling of packetised elementary stream
- H04N21/4344—Remultiplexing of multiplex streams, e.g. by modifying time stamps or remapping the packet identifiers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/434—Disassembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. demultiplexing audio and video streams, extraction of additional data from a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Extraction or processing of SI; Disassembling of packetised elementary stream
- H04N21/4345—Extraction or processing of SI, e.g. extracting service information from an MPEG stream
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/434—Disassembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. demultiplexing audio and video streams, extraction of additional data from a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Extraction or processing of SI; Disassembling of packetised elementary stream
- H04N21/4347—Demultiplexing of several video streams
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/436—Interfacing a local distribution network, e.g. communicating with another STB or one or more peripheral devices inside the home
- H04N21/43607—Interfacing a plurality of external cards, e.g. through a DVB Common Interface [DVB-CI]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/438—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network originating from a server, e.g. retrieving MPEG packets from an IP network
- H04N21/4385—Multiplex stream processing, e.g. multiplex stream decrypting
- H04N21/43853—Multiplex stream processing, e.g. multiplex stream decrypting involving multiplex stream decryption
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/44—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream, rendering scenes according to MPEG-4 scene graphs
- H04N21/4405—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream, rendering scenes according to MPEG-4 scene graphs involving video stream decryption
- H04N21/44055—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream, rendering scenes according to MPEG-4 scene graphs involving video stream decryption by partially decrypting, e.g. decrypting a video stream that has been partially encrypted
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/45—Management operations performed by the client for facilitating the reception of or the interaction with the content or administrating data related to the end-user or to the client device itself, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies, resolving scheduling conflicts
- H04N21/4508—Management of client data or end-user data
- H04N21/4516—Management of client data or end-user data involving client characteristics, e.g. Set-Top-Box type, software version or amount of memory available
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/45—Management operations performed by the client for facilitating the reception of or the interaction with the content or administrating data related to the end-user or to the client device itself, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies, resolving scheduling conflicts
- H04N21/454—Content or additional data filtering, e.g. blocking advertisements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/45—Management operations performed by the client for facilitating the reception of or the interaction with the content or administrating data related to the end-user or to the client device itself, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies, resolving scheduling conflicts
- H04N21/462—Content or additional data management, e.g. creating a master electronic program guide from data received from the Internet and a Head-end, controlling the complexity of a video stream by scaling the resolution or bit-rate based on the client capabilities
- H04N21/4623—Processing of entitlement messages, e.g. ECM [Entitlement Control Message] or EMM [Entitlement Management Message]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
- H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
- H04N21/835—Generation of protective data, e.g. certificates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
- H04N7/167—Systems rendering the television signal unintelligible and subsequently intelligible
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
- H04N7/167—Systems rendering the television signal unintelligible and subsequently intelligible
- H04N7/1675—Providing digital key or authorisation information for generation or regeneration of the scrambling sequence
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Graphics (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
A selective encryption method and apparatus consistent with the invention duplicates selected packets in a file or data stream and multiple encrypts the packets using multiple encryption keys. Each encryption key is valid for a specific segment of time so that changes in entitlement keys used for decryption can be made without negatively impacting a customer's ability to access content that has been paid for.
Description
4 A portion of the disclosure of this patent document contains material which is subject to copyright protection. The copyright owner has no objection to the 6 facsimile reproduction of the patent document or the patent disclosure, as it 7 appears in the Patent and Trademark Office patent file or records, but otherwise 8 reserves all copyright rights whatsoever.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
11 This invention relates generally to the field of encryption of digital video 12 content. More particularly, this invention relates to use of multiple selective 13 encryption using multiple entitlement keys to enable extending the life of program 14 content with a limited playback life.
17 Many conditional access (CA) systems deliver entitlement keys to 18 subscribers or purchasers of content on a regular basis, commonly on a monthly 19 basis. Such entitlement keys permit the purchaser to access content during the month that the key is valid. Content encrypted with this month's key generally 21 cannot be accessed by next month's entitlement key. Consequently content can 1 "age" and not be accessible. For example, if content is purchased for a one month 2 period (i.e., the purchaser is entitled to access the content for one month) on July 3 15, and if new keys are automatically distributed on August 1, the purchaser's .4 content may become inaccessible afterthe new keys are distributed. Thus, in order to fulfill the obligation of the provider to enable the purchaser to view the content 6 after August 1, a new copy of the content is supplied encrypted under the new 7 entitlement key: This, of course, means that the content is downloaded to the 8 purchaser twice with the disadvantage of using double the bandwidth, and 9 potentially providing an inconvenience to the customer and the content provider.
12 The features of the invention believed to be novel are set forth with 13 particularity in the appended claims. The invention itself however, both as to 14 organization and method of operation, together with objects and advantages thereof, may be best understood by reference to the following detailed description 16 of the invention, which describes certain exemplary embodiments of the invention,.
17 taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
18 FIGURE 1 illustrates a selectively encrypted data stream consistent with 19 certain embodiments of the present invention.
FIGURE 2 is a flow chart of an encoding process for selective encryption 21 consistent with certain embodiments of the present invention.
22 FIGURE 3 illustrates a cable television system consistent with certain 23 embodiments of the present invention.
24 FIGURE 4 is a programmed processor which can be used to implement the process of FIGURE 2 in a manner consistent with certain embodiments of the 26 present invention.
27 FIGURE 5 illustrates a television Set-top box decoder consistent with certain 28 embodiments of the present invention.
1 FIGURE 6 is a flow chart of operation of a decoder consistent with certain 2 embodiments of the present invention.
While this invention is susceptible of embodiment in many different forms;
6 there is shown in the drawings and will herein be described in detail specific 7 embodiments, with the understanding that the present disclosure is to be 8 considered as an example of the principles of the invention and not intended to limit 9 the invention to the specific embodiments shown and described. In the description below, like reference numerals are used to describe the same, similar or 11 corresponding parts in the several views of the drawings.
12 The terms "scramble" and "encrypt" and variations thereof are used 13 synonymously herein. The term "video" may be used herein to embrace not only 14 true visual information, but also in the conversational sense (e.g., "video tape recorder") to embrace not only video signals but associated audio and data., The 16 present document generally uses the example of a "dual selective encryption"
17 embodiment, but those skilled in the artwill recognize that the present invention can 18 be utilized to realize multiple partial encryption without departing from the invention.
19 The terms "partial encryption" and "selective encryption" are used synonymously herein. Also, the terms "program" and "television program" and similar terms can 21 be interpreted in the normal conversational sense, as well as a meaning wherein the 22 term means any segment of A/V content that can be displayed on a television set 23 or similar monitor device. The term "legacy" as used herein refers to existing 24 technology used for existing cable and satellite systems. The exemplary embodiments disclosed herein are decoded by a television Set-Top Box (STB), but 26 it is contemplated that such technology will soon be incorporated within television 27 receivers of all types whether housed in a separate enclosure alone or in 28 conjunction with recording and/or playback equipment or Conditional Access (CA) 29 decryption module or within a television set itself. The present document generally 1 uses the example of a "dual partial encryption" embodiment, but those skilled in 2 the art will recognize that the present invention can be utilized to realize multiple 3 partial encryption without departing from the invention.
4 The related patents (7,336,787; 7,139,398; 7,124,303; 7,151,831;
7,127,619; 7,376,233; 7,302,059; 7,155,012; and, 7,292,690) describe inventions 6 relating to various aspects of methods generally referred to herein as partial 7 encryption or selective encryption. More particularly, systems are described 8 wherein selected portions of a particular selection of digital content are encrypted 9 using two (or more) encryption techniques while other portions of the content are left unencrypted. By properly selecting the portions to be encrypted, the content 11 can effectively be encrypted for use under multiple decryption systems without 12 the necessity of encryption of the entire selection of content. In some 13 embodiments, only a few percent of data overhead is needed to effectively 14 encrypt the content using multiple encryption systems. This results in a cable or satellite system being able to utilize Set-top boxes or other implementations of 16 conditional access (CA) receivers from multiple manufacturers in a single system 17 - thus freeing the cable or satellite company to competitively shop for providers of 18 Set-top boxes.
19 The present invention applies similar selective encryption techniques to the problem of enabling trick play with encrypted digital video content. The 21 partial encryption processes described in the above patents utilize any suitable 22 encryption method. However, these encryption techniques are selectively 23 applied to the data stream, rather than encrypting the entire data stream, using 24 techniques described in the above-referenced patents. In general, but without the intent to be limiting, the selective encryption process utilizes intelligent 26 selection of information to encrypt so that the entire program does not have to 27 undergo dual encryption. By appropriate selection of data to encrypt, the 28 program material can be effectively scrambled and hidden from those who desire 29 to hack into the system and illegally recover commercial content without paying.
MPEG (or similar format) data that are used to represent the audio and video 31 data does so using a high degree of reliance on the redundancy of information 32 from frame to frame. Certain 1 data can be transmitted as "anchor" data representing chrominance and luminance 2 data. That data is then often simply moved about the screen to generate 3 subsequent frames by sending motion vectors that describe the movement of the 4 block. Changes in the chrominance and luminance data are also encoded as changes rather than a recoding of absolute anchor data. Thus, encryption of this 6 anchor data, for example, or other key data can effectively render the video un-7 viewable.
8 In accordance with certain embodiments consistent with the present 9 invention, the selected video data to be encrypted may be any individual one or combination of the following (described in.greater detail in the above patents):
11 video slice headers appearing in an active region of a video frame, data 12 representing an active region of a video frame, data in a star pattern within the 13 video frame, data representing scene changes, I Frame packets, packets containing 14 motion vectors in a first P frame following an I Frame, packets having an intra_slice flag indicator set, packets having an intra_slice indicator set, packets 16 containing an intra_coded macroblock, data for a slice containing an intra_coded 17 macroblock, data from a first macroblock following the video slice header,packets 18 containing video slice headers, anchor data, and P Frame data for progressively 19 refreshed video data, data arranged in vertical and or horizontal moat patterns on the video frame, and any other selected data that renders the video and/or audio 21 difficult to utilize. Several such techniques as well as others are disclosed in the 22 above-referenced patents, any of which (or other techniques) can be 23 utilized with the present invention to encrypt only a portion of the content.
24 In the above-referenced patents, selective encryption (SE) is used to provide a mechanism to enable use of decoders manufactured by multiple 26 venders in a single content distribution system. In accordance with certain 27 embodiments consistent with the present invention, SE is used to access stored 28 content over multiple units of time. By multiple selectively encrypting certain 29 packets as described above, using entitlement keys for current and future time 1 periods (e.g., months) the same CA content may be accessed in the future, 2 whereas normally the content would expire.
3 To illustrate the concept of certain embodiments of the present invention, 4 consider the data streams depicted in FIGURE 1. A clear data stream 104 is shown at the top with packets all assigned a packet identifier PID A. This data stream has 6 packets of content such as packets 112, 116, 120 and 124, 128 and 132.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
11 This invention relates generally to the field of encryption of digital video 12 content. More particularly, this invention relates to use of multiple selective 13 encryption using multiple entitlement keys to enable extending the life of program 14 content with a limited playback life.
17 Many conditional access (CA) systems deliver entitlement keys to 18 subscribers or purchasers of content on a regular basis, commonly on a monthly 19 basis. Such entitlement keys permit the purchaser to access content during the month that the key is valid. Content encrypted with this month's key generally 21 cannot be accessed by next month's entitlement key. Consequently content can 1 "age" and not be accessible. For example, if content is purchased for a one month 2 period (i.e., the purchaser is entitled to access the content for one month) on July 3 15, and if new keys are automatically distributed on August 1, the purchaser's .4 content may become inaccessible afterthe new keys are distributed. Thus, in order to fulfill the obligation of the provider to enable the purchaser to view the content 6 after August 1, a new copy of the content is supplied encrypted under the new 7 entitlement key: This, of course, means that the content is downloaded to the 8 purchaser twice with the disadvantage of using double the bandwidth, and 9 potentially providing an inconvenience to the customer and the content provider.
12 The features of the invention believed to be novel are set forth with 13 particularity in the appended claims. The invention itself however, both as to 14 organization and method of operation, together with objects and advantages thereof, may be best understood by reference to the following detailed description 16 of the invention, which describes certain exemplary embodiments of the invention,.
17 taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
18 FIGURE 1 illustrates a selectively encrypted data stream consistent with 19 certain embodiments of the present invention.
FIGURE 2 is a flow chart of an encoding process for selective encryption 21 consistent with certain embodiments of the present invention.
22 FIGURE 3 illustrates a cable television system consistent with certain 23 embodiments of the present invention.
24 FIGURE 4 is a programmed processor which can be used to implement the process of FIGURE 2 in a manner consistent with certain embodiments of the 26 present invention.
27 FIGURE 5 illustrates a television Set-top box decoder consistent with certain 28 embodiments of the present invention.
1 FIGURE 6 is a flow chart of operation of a decoder consistent with certain 2 embodiments of the present invention.
While this invention is susceptible of embodiment in many different forms;
6 there is shown in the drawings and will herein be described in detail specific 7 embodiments, with the understanding that the present disclosure is to be 8 considered as an example of the principles of the invention and not intended to limit 9 the invention to the specific embodiments shown and described. In the description below, like reference numerals are used to describe the same, similar or 11 corresponding parts in the several views of the drawings.
12 The terms "scramble" and "encrypt" and variations thereof are used 13 synonymously herein. The term "video" may be used herein to embrace not only 14 true visual information, but also in the conversational sense (e.g., "video tape recorder") to embrace not only video signals but associated audio and data., The 16 present document generally uses the example of a "dual selective encryption"
17 embodiment, but those skilled in the artwill recognize that the present invention can 18 be utilized to realize multiple partial encryption without departing from the invention.
19 The terms "partial encryption" and "selective encryption" are used synonymously herein. Also, the terms "program" and "television program" and similar terms can 21 be interpreted in the normal conversational sense, as well as a meaning wherein the 22 term means any segment of A/V content that can be displayed on a television set 23 or similar monitor device. The term "legacy" as used herein refers to existing 24 technology used for existing cable and satellite systems. The exemplary embodiments disclosed herein are decoded by a television Set-Top Box (STB), but 26 it is contemplated that such technology will soon be incorporated within television 27 receivers of all types whether housed in a separate enclosure alone or in 28 conjunction with recording and/or playback equipment or Conditional Access (CA) 29 decryption module or within a television set itself. The present document generally 1 uses the example of a "dual partial encryption" embodiment, but those skilled in 2 the art will recognize that the present invention can be utilized to realize multiple 3 partial encryption without departing from the invention.
4 The related patents (7,336,787; 7,139,398; 7,124,303; 7,151,831;
7,127,619; 7,376,233; 7,302,059; 7,155,012; and, 7,292,690) describe inventions 6 relating to various aspects of methods generally referred to herein as partial 7 encryption or selective encryption. More particularly, systems are described 8 wherein selected portions of a particular selection of digital content are encrypted 9 using two (or more) encryption techniques while other portions of the content are left unencrypted. By properly selecting the portions to be encrypted, the content 11 can effectively be encrypted for use under multiple decryption systems without 12 the necessity of encryption of the entire selection of content. In some 13 embodiments, only a few percent of data overhead is needed to effectively 14 encrypt the content using multiple encryption systems. This results in a cable or satellite system being able to utilize Set-top boxes or other implementations of 16 conditional access (CA) receivers from multiple manufacturers in a single system 17 - thus freeing the cable or satellite company to competitively shop for providers of 18 Set-top boxes.
19 The present invention applies similar selective encryption techniques to the problem of enabling trick play with encrypted digital video content. The 21 partial encryption processes described in the above patents utilize any suitable 22 encryption method. However, these encryption techniques are selectively 23 applied to the data stream, rather than encrypting the entire data stream, using 24 techniques described in the above-referenced patents. In general, but without the intent to be limiting, the selective encryption process utilizes intelligent 26 selection of information to encrypt so that the entire program does not have to 27 undergo dual encryption. By appropriate selection of data to encrypt, the 28 program material can be effectively scrambled and hidden from those who desire 29 to hack into the system and illegally recover commercial content without paying.
MPEG (or similar format) data that are used to represent the audio and video 31 data does so using a high degree of reliance on the redundancy of information 32 from frame to frame. Certain 1 data can be transmitted as "anchor" data representing chrominance and luminance 2 data. That data is then often simply moved about the screen to generate 3 subsequent frames by sending motion vectors that describe the movement of the 4 block. Changes in the chrominance and luminance data are also encoded as changes rather than a recoding of absolute anchor data. Thus, encryption of this 6 anchor data, for example, or other key data can effectively render the video un-7 viewable.
8 In accordance with certain embodiments consistent with the present 9 invention, the selected video data to be encrypted may be any individual one or combination of the following (described in.greater detail in the above patents):
11 video slice headers appearing in an active region of a video frame, data 12 representing an active region of a video frame, data in a star pattern within the 13 video frame, data representing scene changes, I Frame packets, packets containing 14 motion vectors in a first P frame following an I Frame, packets having an intra_slice flag indicator set, packets having an intra_slice indicator set, packets 16 containing an intra_coded macroblock, data for a slice containing an intra_coded 17 macroblock, data from a first macroblock following the video slice header,packets 18 containing video slice headers, anchor data, and P Frame data for progressively 19 refreshed video data, data arranged in vertical and or horizontal moat patterns on the video frame, and any other selected data that renders the video and/or audio 21 difficult to utilize. Several such techniques as well as others are disclosed in the 22 above-referenced patents, any of which (or other techniques) can be 23 utilized with the present invention to encrypt only a portion of the content.
24 In the above-referenced patents, selective encryption (SE) is used to provide a mechanism to enable use of decoders manufactured by multiple 26 venders in a single content distribution system. In accordance with certain 27 embodiments consistent with the present invention, SE is used to access stored 28 content over multiple units of time. By multiple selectively encrypting certain 29 packets as described above, using entitlement keys for current and future time 1 periods (e.g., months) the same CA content may be accessed in the future, 2 whereas normally the content would expire.
3 To illustrate the concept of certain embodiments of the present invention, 4 consider the data streams depicted in FIGURE 1. A clear data stream 104 is shown at the top with packets all assigned a packet identifier PID A. This data stream has 6 packets of content such as packets 112, 116, 120 and 124, 128 and 132.
7 Additional packets may appear in the data stream before, during and after this 8 stream. Certain of the packets are selected for encryption in a manner that makes 9 it difficult or impossible to readily decode the content without paying for it and obtaining an appropriate decryption key. In this example, packets 116 and packets 11 124 are selected according to a suitable criterion (such as any of those described 12 in the above-referenced patents, or other suitable packets).
13 The selected packet 116 is, in this example, duplicated twice to obtain three 14 identical packets. These three identical packets are then mapped to three PIDs -in this example, PID A, PID B, and PID C. The packets are.then encrypted using 16 three different encryption keys - one for the current month (month 1), one for next 17 month (month 2) and one for the following month (month 3). The packets are then 18 reinserted into a data stream in the original location of packet 116 as packets 138, 19 140 and 142. In a similar manner, the selected packet 124 is, in this example, duplicated twice to obtain three identical packets. These three identical packets are 21 then mapped to three PIDs in this example, PID A, PID B, and PID- C: The 22 packets are then encrypted using three different encryption keys - one for the 23 current month (month 1), one for next month (month 2) and one for the following 24 month (month 3). The packets are then reinserted into a data stream in the original location of packet 124 as packets 150, 152 and 154.
26 When this process is completed for all selected packets, the multiply 27 encrypted file or data stream 160 results. When the packets are appropriately 28 selected, only a small percentage of the overall content is duplicated and multiply 29 encrypted. Thus, only a small increase in bandwidth is used to implement this 1 process, and full. retransmissions of the content are unnecessary. Using this 2 technique, in the current example, the content can be enabled for as many as three 3 months with the decoder at the customer's premise simply accessing a different set 4 of encrypted packets corresponding to the currently valid entitlement decryption key.
The packets with currently valid encryption keys are identified by the PID
associated 6 with the present time period (e.g:, month). In this example, three months worth of 7 keys are provided, but this is not to be considered limiting since the time period for 8 a valid key can be any suitable time period and the number of time periods depends 9 simply upon the number of duplicate packets encrypted under different keys that are to be encoded and transmitted.
11 The process for creation of a data stream or file such as that of FIGURE 1 12 is depicted in FIGURE 2 as process 200 starting at 204. At 208, the packet 13 selection criterion is established for selection of packets to encrypt (e.g., selection 14 of packets containing slice headers). At 212, the number of keys N is determined in accordance with a number of time periods (e.g., months) for which the content is 16 to remain valid. This number N also corresponds. to the number of PIDs that are 17 assigned and the number of duplicate packets that are generated. At 214, a packet 18 is received and at 218 it is determined whether or not the packet meets the packet 19 selection criterion established at 208. If the criterion is not met at 218, the packet is not encrypted at 222. If the criterion is met, the packet is multiply encrypted N
21 times with N keys and identified by N PIDs at 226. This process repeats for each 22 received packet at 214 until the last packet is received at 230, at which point the 23 process stops at 234. In certain embodiments, user private data can be used to 24 convey to the decoder which of the keys is valid during a particular time period.
Thus, in accordance with certain embodiments consistent with the present 26 invention, a method of selectively encrypting digital video content, involves receiving 27 a plurality of unencrypted packets containing the digital video content;
selecting 28 certain of the packets of a specified type for encryption according to a selection 29 criterion; encrypting the selected packets using a first encryption key to produce first 1 encrypted packets; encrypting the selected packets using a second encryption key 2 to produce second encrypted packets; and replacing the unencrypted packets of the 3 specified packet type with the first encrypted packets and the second encrypted 4 packets in the digital video signal to produce a partially dual encrypted video signal.
The first encryption key can be valid for a first time segment and the second 6 encryption key can be valid for a subsequent time segment. The packets encrypted 7 under the first and second encryption keys can be identified by first and second 8 packet identifiers (PIDs). One of the first and second PIDs can also identify the 9 unencrypted packets.
Referring now to FIGURE 3, an exemplary cable system is depicted as 300.
11 In this system, a satellite antenna 304 receives a multiplexed stream of content from 12 a satellite transmission such as a HITS (Headend In The Sky) feed. The received 13 stream of content is received, demodulated and decrypted at a satellite receiver 308 14 and the content is passed along to a packet selector /PID mapper 312, the function of which will become clear in view of. discussions to follow. Appropriate keys for use 16 in the multiple encryption process and/or other content may be retrieved from a local 17 storage 316. The packet selector/PID mapper selects appropriate packets for 18 encryption and maps the incoming content from whatever source to a set of main 19 PIDs for the unencrypted packets (and possibly one set of the encrypted packets) and a set of secondary or shadow PIDs for one or more sets of the duplicated 21 packets.
22 The content then passes to encrypter 324 for encryption of the multiply 23 duplicated packets under a plurality of encryption keys (one for each time period for 24 which the content is to be accessible. A PSI/PMT inserter 320 then inserts Program Specific Information (PSI) and Program Map Tables (PMT) into the stream of 26 content for use by the decoding side in decoding the programming. The content is 27 then modulated at a modulator (such as a QAM modulator) 330. The modulated 28 stream of content is then transmitted via the cable plant 336 to the end users with 29 decoder boxes such as Set-top boxes 340 and 344. The operation of the cable 1 head end, including but not limited to the PID mapping and encryption can be 2 carried out under control of a control computer 350.
3 Such a system can be used to form a selective encryption encoder having 4 a packet identifier that identifies packets of a specified packet type. A
packet duplicator duplicates the identified packets to produce first and second sets of the 6 identified packets. A first encrypter encrypts the selected packets using a first and 7 second encryption key. A packet identifier (PID) mapper identifies the packets 8 encrypted under the first and second encryption keys by first and second packet 9 identifiers (PIDs). One of the first and second PIDs can also identify the unencrypted packets. The first encryption key can be valid for a first time period 11 and the second encryption key can be valid for a second time period.
12 The processes described above can be carried out on or under the control 13 of any suitable programmed general purpose processor operating as a 14 server/encoder such as that depicted as computer 400 of FIGURE 4. Computer 400 can represent control computer 350 or an encryption processor, depending 16 upon programming. Computer 400 has one or more central processor units (CPU) 17 410 with one or more associated buses 414 used to connect the central processor 18 unit 410 to Random Access Memory 418 and Non-Volatile Memory 422 in a known 19 manner. Output devices 426, such as a display and printer, may be provided in order to display and/or print output for the use of the MSO or user as well as to 21 provide a user interface such as a Graphical User Interface (GUI).
Similarly, input 22 devices such as keyboard, mouse and removable media readers 430 may be 23 provided for the input of information by the operator. Computer 400 also may 24 incorporate internal and/or external attached disc or other mass storage 434 (e.g., disc and/or optical storage) for storing large amounts of information including, but 26 not limited to, the operating system, encryption processes (for the encryption 27 encoder), and keys for several time periods -current and .future. The Computer 28 system 400 also has an interface 438 for connection to the cable system or a 29 selective encryption encoder. While depicted as a single computer, the digital I content provider may utilize multiple linked computers to carry out the functions 2 described herein.
3 An authorized decoder or set-top box such as 500 illustrated in FIGURE 5 4 operating under the secondary CA system decrypts and decodes the incoming program by recognizing both primary and secondary PIDs associated with a single 6 program encrypted with multiple keys. The multiplexed video data stream 7 containing both PIDs is directed to a demultiplexer 504. When a program is 8 received that contains encrypted content that was encrypted by a valid encryption 9 key, the demultiplexer directs encrypted packets containing encrypted content to a decrypter 508. These packets are then decrypted at 508 and passed to a PID
11 remapper 512. As illustrated, the PID remapper 512 receives packets that are 12 unencrypted and bear the primary PID as well as the decrypted packets, possibly 13 having the secondary PID. The P1 D remapper 512 combines the decrypted packets 14 from decrypter 508 with the unencrypted packets having the primary PID to produce an unencrypted data stream representing the desired program. PID remapping is 16 used to change either the primary or secondary PID or both to a single PID.
This 17 unencrypted data stream can then be decoded normally by decoder 516. Some or 18 all of the components depicted in FIGURE 5 can be implemented as program code 19 running on a programmed processor running code stored on an electronic storage medium, and may form part of a television Set-top box or other television receiver..
21 Thus, in accordance with certain embodiments of a selective encryption 22 decoder consistent with the invention, for decrypting and decoding selectively 23 encrypted digital video content, a demultiplexer receives packets of digital video, 24 certain of the packets being unencrypted and certain of the packets being encrypted under a first encryption-key and certain, of the packets being encrypted under a 26 second encryption key. A determination is made as to whether or not the content 27 contains a currently valid encryption key. A decrypter receives the encrypted 28 packets having the valid encryption key and decrypts the encrypted packets using 29 a valid decryption key to produce decrypted packets. A decoder decodes the 1 unencrypted and decrypted packets to produce a decoded video signal. The 2 packets encrypted under the first and second encryption keys can be identified by 3 first and second packet identifiers (PIDs), and the packet identifier can be used in 4 conjunction with information read from user private data to determine which PID
5. corresponds to the currently valid key.
6 A process suitable for use by a decoder consistent with certain embodiments 7 of the present invention is illustrated as process 600 of FIGURE 6, starting at 604.
8 At 608, the process determines which key 'is currently valid. This can be 9 accomplished by reading user private data in the program specific data associated with the program, for example, to determine a PID associated with the current time 11 period and entitlement key. Packets are then received at 612 and demultiplexed 12 to obtain packets with unencrypted data as well as encrypted packets encrypted.
13 under the currently valid encryption key. If the data is encrypted at 616, it is passed 14 to a decrypter and is decrypted at 620. Unencrypted and decrypted data are then decoded at 624 until a last packet is received at 628, at which point the process 16 stops at 634.
17 Thus, a method of.decrypting and decoding selectively encrypted digital 18 video content, consistent with certain embodiments of the present invention involves 19 receiving packets of digital video, certain of the packets being unencrypted and certain of the packets being encrypted, wherein certain of the encrypted packets 21 carry data encrypted under a first encryption key and certain other packets carry 22 information encrypted under a second encryption key; determining which of the 23 encrypted packets are encrypted under a currently valid encryption key;
decrypting 24 the encrypted packets having the currently valid encryption key; and decoding the unencrypted and decrypted packets to produce a decoded video signal. The 26 packets encrypted under the first and second encryption keys can be identified by 27 first and second packet identifiers (PlDs). The valid key can be determined in one 28 embodiment by reading user private data that identifies valid time periods for the 29 first and second encryption keys by PIDs. The first encryption key can be valid for 1 a first time period and the second encryption key can be valid for a second time 2 period.
3 The selective encryption methods and apparatus consistent with the 4 invention thus duplicates selected packets in a file or data stream and multiple encrypts the packets using multiple encryption keys. Each encryption key is valid 6 for a specific segment of time so that changes in entitlement keys used for 7 decryption can be made without negatively impacting a customer's ability to access 8 content that has been paid for.
9 Those skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention has been described in terms of exemplary embodiments based upon use of a programmed 11 processor (e.g., computer 400). However, the invention should not be so limited, 12 since the present invention could be implemented using hardware component 13 equivalents such as special purpose hardware and/or dedicated processors which 14 are equivalents to the invention as described and claimed. Similarly, general purpose computers, microprocessor based computers, micro-controllers, optical 16 computers, analog computers, dedicated processors and/or dedicated hard wired 17 logic may be used to construct alternative equivalent embodiments of the present 18 invention. Moreover, although the present invention has been described in terms 19 of a general purpose personal computer providing a playback mechanism, the playback can be carried on a dedicated machine without departing from the present 21 invention.
22 Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the program steps and associated 23 data used to implement the embodiments described above can be implemented 24 using disc storage as well as other forms of storage such as for example Read Only Memor y (ROM) devices, Random Access Memory (RAM) devices; optical. storage 26 elements, magnetic storage elements, magneto-optical storage elements, flash 27 memory, core memory and/or other equivalent storage technologies without 28 departing from the present invention. Such alternative storage devices should be 29 considered equivalents.
I The present invention, as described in embodiments herein, is implemented 2 using a programmed processor executing programming instructions that are broadly 3 described above form that can be stored on any suitable electronic storage medium 4 or transmitted over any suitable electronic communication medium or otherwise be present in any computer readable or propagation medium. However, those skilled 6 in the art will appreciate that the processes described above can be implemented 7 in any number of variations and in many suitable programming languages without 8 departing from the present invention. For example, the order of certain operations 9 carried out can often be varied, additional operations can be added or operations can be deleted without departing from the invention. Error trapping can be added 11 and/or enhanced and variations can be made in user interface and information 12 presentation without departing from the present invention. Such variations are 13 contemplated and considered equivalent.
14 Software code and/or data embodying certain aspects of the present invention may be present in any computer readable medium, transmission medium,.
16 storage medium or propagation medium including, but not limited to, electronic 17 storage devices such as those described above, as well as carrier waves, electronic 18 signals, data structures (e.g., trees, linked lists, tables, packets, frames, etc.) optical 19 signals, propagated signals, broadcast signals, transmission media (e.g., circuit connection, cable, twisted pair, fiber optic cables, waveguides, antennas, etc.) and 21 other media that stores, carries or passes the code and/or data. Such media may 22 either store the software code and/ordata or serve to transport the code and/ordata 23 from one location to another. In the present exemplary embodiments, MPEG
24 compliant packets, slices, tables and other data structures are used, but this should not be considered limiting since other data structures can similarly be used without 26 departing from the present invention.
27 While the invention has been described in conjunction with specific 28 embodiments, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications, permutations and 29 variations will become apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing 1 description. Accordingly, it is intended that the present invention embrace all such 2 alternatives, modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the appended 3 claims.
13 The selected packet 116 is, in this example, duplicated twice to obtain three 14 identical packets. These three identical packets are then mapped to three PIDs -in this example, PID A, PID B, and PID C. The packets are.then encrypted using 16 three different encryption keys - one for the current month (month 1), one for next 17 month (month 2) and one for the following month (month 3). The packets are then 18 reinserted into a data stream in the original location of packet 116 as packets 138, 19 140 and 142. In a similar manner, the selected packet 124 is, in this example, duplicated twice to obtain three identical packets. These three identical packets are 21 then mapped to three PIDs in this example, PID A, PID B, and PID- C: The 22 packets are then encrypted using three different encryption keys - one for the 23 current month (month 1), one for next month (month 2) and one for the following 24 month (month 3). The packets are then reinserted into a data stream in the original location of packet 124 as packets 150, 152 and 154.
26 When this process is completed for all selected packets, the multiply 27 encrypted file or data stream 160 results. When the packets are appropriately 28 selected, only a small percentage of the overall content is duplicated and multiply 29 encrypted. Thus, only a small increase in bandwidth is used to implement this 1 process, and full. retransmissions of the content are unnecessary. Using this 2 technique, in the current example, the content can be enabled for as many as three 3 months with the decoder at the customer's premise simply accessing a different set 4 of encrypted packets corresponding to the currently valid entitlement decryption key.
The packets with currently valid encryption keys are identified by the PID
associated 6 with the present time period (e.g:, month). In this example, three months worth of 7 keys are provided, but this is not to be considered limiting since the time period for 8 a valid key can be any suitable time period and the number of time periods depends 9 simply upon the number of duplicate packets encrypted under different keys that are to be encoded and transmitted.
11 The process for creation of a data stream or file such as that of FIGURE 1 12 is depicted in FIGURE 2 as process 200 starting at 204. At 208, the packet 13 selection criterion is established for selection of packets to encrypt (e.g., selection 14 of packets containing slice headers). At 212, the number of keys N is determined in accordance with a number of time periods (e.g., months) for which the content is 16 to remain valid. This number N also corresponds. to the number of PIDs that are 17 assigned and the number of duplicate packets that are generated. At 214, a packet 18 is received and at 218 it is determined whether or not the packet meets the packet 19 selection criterion established at 208. If the criterion is not met at 218, the packet is not encrypted at 222. If the criterion is met, the packet is multiply encrypted N
21 times with N keys and identified by N PIDs at 226. This process repeats for each 22 received packet at 214 until the last packet is received at 230, at which point the 23 process stops at 234. In certain embodiments, user private data can be used to 24 convey to the decoder which of the keys is valid during a particular time period.
Thus, in accordance with certain embodiments consistent with the present 26 invention, a method of selectively encrypting digital video content, involves receiving 27 a plurality of unencrypted packets containing the digital video content;
selecting 28 certain of the packets of a specified type for encryption according to a selection 29 criterion; encrypting the selected packets using a first encryption key to produce first 1 encrypted packets; encrypting the selected packets using a second encryption key 2 to produce second encrypted packets; and replacing the unencrypted packets of the 3 specified packet type with the first encrypted packets and the second encrypted 4 packets in the digital video signal to produce a partially dual encrypted video signal.
The first encryption key can be valid for a first time segment and the second 6 encryption key can be valid for a subsequent time segment. The packets encrypted 7 under the first and second encryption keys can be identified by first and second 8 packet identifiers (PIDs). One of the first and second PIDs can also identify the 9 unencrypted packets.
Referring now to FIGURE 3, an exemplary cable system is depicted as 300.
11 In this system, a satellite antenna 304 receives a multiplexed stream of content from 12 a satellite transmission such as a HITS (Headend In The Sky) feed. The received 13 stream of content is received, demodulated and decrypted at a satellite receiver 308 14 and the content is passed along to a packet selector /PID mapper 312, the function of which will become clear in view of. discussions to follow. Appropriate keys for use 16 in the multiple encryption process and/or other content may be retrieved from a local 17 storage 316. The packet selector/PID mapper selects appropriate packets for 18 encryption and maps the incoming content from whatever source to a set of main 19 PIDs for the unencrypted packets (and possibly one set of the encrypted packets) and a set of secondary or shadow PIDs for one or more sets of the duplicated 21 packets.
22 The content then passes to encrypter 324 for encryption of the multiply 23 duplicated packets under a plurality of encryption keys (one for each time period for 24 which the content is to be accessible. A PSI/PMT inserter 320 then inserts Program Specific Information (PSI) and Program Map Tables (PMT) into the stream of 26 content for use by the decoding side in decoding the programming. The content is 27 then modulated at a modulator (such as a QAM modulator) 330. The modulated 28 stream of content is then transmitted via the cable plant 336 to the end users with 29 decoder boxes such as Set-top boxes 340 and 344. The operation of the cable 1 head end, including but not limited to the PID mapping and encryption can be 2 carried out under control of a control computer 350.
3 Such a system can be used to form a selective encryption encoder having 4 a packet identifier that identifies packets of a specified packet type. A
packet duplicator duplicates the identified packets to produce first and second sets of the 6 identified packets. A first encrypter encrypts the selected packets using a first and 7 second encryption key. A packet identifier (PID) mapper identifies the packets 8 encrypted under the first and second encryption keys by first and second packet 9 identifiers (PIDs). One of the first and second PIDs can also identify the unencrypted packets. The first encryption key can be valid for a first time period 11 and the second encryption key can be valid for a second time period.
12 The processes described above can be carried out on or under the control 13 of any suitable programmed general purpose processor operating as a 14 server/encoder such as that depicted as computer 400 of FIGURE 4. Computer 400 can represent control computer 350 or an encryption processor, depending 16 upon programming. Computer 400 has one or more central processor units (CPU) 17 410 with one or more associated buses 414 used to connect the central processor 18 unit 410 to Random Access Memory 418 and Non-Volatile Memory 422 in a known 19 manner. Output devices 426, such as a display and printer, may be provided in order to display and/or print output for the use of the MSO or user as well as to 21 provide a user interface such as a Graphical User Interface (GUI).
Similarly, input 22 devices such as keyboard, mouse and removable media readers 430 may be 23 provided for the input of information by the operator. Computer 400 also may 24 incorporate internal and/or external attached disc or other mass storage 434 (e.g., disc and/or optical storage) for storing large amounts of information including, but 26 not limited to, the operating system, encryption processes (for the encryption 27 encoder), and keys for several time periods -current and .future. The Computer 28 system 400 also has an interface 438 for connection to the cable system or a 29 selective encryption encoder. While depicted as a single computer, the digital I content provider may utilize multiple linked computers to carry out the functions 2 described herein.
3 An authorized decoder or set-top box such as 500 illustrated in FIGURE 5 4 operating under the secondary CA system decrypts and decodes the incoming program by recognizing both primary and secondary PIDs associated with a single 6 program encrypted with multiple keys. The multiplexed video data stream 7 containing both PIDs is directed to a demultiplexer 504. When a program is 8 received that contains encrypted content that was encrypted by a valid encryption 9 key, the demultiplexer directs encrypted packets containing encrypted content to a decrypter 508. These packets are then decrypted at 508 and passed to a PID
11 remapper 512. As illustrated, the PID remapper 512 receives packets that are 12 unencrypted and bear the primary PID as well as the decrypted packets, possibly 13 having the secondary PID. The P1 D remapper 512 combines the decrypted packets 14 from decrypter 508 with the unencrypted packets having the primary PID to produce an unencrypted data stream representing the desired program. PID remapping is 16 used to change either the primary or secondary PID or both to a single PID.
This 17 unencrypted data stream can then be decoded normally by decoder 516. Some or 18 all of the components depicted in FIGURE 5 can be implemented as program code 19 running on a programmed processor running code stored on an electronic storage medium, and may form part of a television Set-top box or other television receiver..
21 Thus, in accordance with certain embodiments of a selective encryption 22 decoder consistent with the invention, for decrypting and decoding selectively 23 encrypted digital video content, a demultiplexer receives packets of digital video, 24 certain of the packets being unencrypted and certain of the packets being encrypted under a first encryption-key and certain, of the packets being encrypted under a 26 second encryption key. A determination is made as to whether or not the content 27 contains a currently valid encryption key. A decrypter receives the encrypted 28 packets having the valid encryption key and decrypts the encrypted packets using 29 a valid decryption key to produce decrypted packets. A decoder decodes the 1 unencrypted and decrypted packets to produce a decoded video signal. The 2 packets encrypted under the first and second encryption keys can be identified by 3 first and second packet identifiers (PIDs), and the packet identifier can be used in 4 conjunction with information read from user private data to determine which PID
5. corresponds to the currently valid key.
6 A process suitable for use by a decoder consistent with certain embodiments 7 of the present invention is illustrated as process 600 of FIGURE 6, starting at 604.
8 At 608, the process determines which key 'is currently valid. This can be 9 accomplished by reading user private data in the program specific data associated with the program, for example, to determine a PID associated with the current time 11 period and entitlement key. Packets are then received at 612 and demultiplexed 12 to obtain packets with unencrypted data as well as encrypted packets encrypted.
13 under the currently valid encryption key. If the data is encrypted at 616, it is passed 14 to a decrypter and is decrypted at 620. Unencrypted and decrypted data are then decoded at 624 until a last packet is received at 628, at which point the process 16 stops at 634.
17 Thus, a method of.decrypting and decoding selectively encrypted digital 18 video content, consistent with certain embodiments of the present invention involves 19 receiving packets of digital video, certain of the packets being unencrypted and certain of the packets being encrypted, wherein certain of the encrypted packets 21 carry data encrypted under a first encryption key and certain other packets carry 22 information encrypted under a second encryption key; determining which of the 23 encrypted packets are encrypted under a currently valid encryption key;
decrypting 24 the encrypted packets having the currently valid encryption key; and decoding the unencrypted and decrypted packets to produce a decoded video signal. The 26 packets encrypted under the first and second encryption keys can be identified by 27 first and second packet identifiers (PlDs). The valid key can be determined in one 28 embodiment by reading user private data that identifies valid time periods for the 29 first and second encryption keys by PIDs. The first encryption key can be valid for 1 a first time period and the second encryption key can be valid for a second time 2 period.
3 The selective encryption methods and apparatus consistent with the 4 invention thus duplicates selected packets in a file or data stream and multiple encrypts the packets using multiple encryption keys. Each encryption key is valid 6 for a specific segment of time so that changes in entitlement keys used for 7 decryption can be made without negatively impacting a customer's ability to access 8 content that has been paid for.
9 Those skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention has been described in terms of exemplary embodiments based upon use of a programmed 11 processor (e.g., computer 400). However, the invention should not be so limited, 12 since the present invention could be implemented using hardware component 13 equivalents such as special purpose hardware and/or dedicated processors which 14 are equivalents to the invention as described and claimed. Similarly, general purpose computers, microprocessor based computers, micro-controllers, optical 16 computers, analog computers, dedicated processors and/or dedicated hard wired 17 logic may be used to construct alternative equivalent embodiments of the present 18 invention. Moreover, although the present invention has been described in terms 19 of a general purpose personal computer providing a playback mechanism, the playback can be carried on a dedicated machine without departing from the present 21 invention.
22 Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the program steps and associated 23 data used to implement the embodiments described above can be implemented 24 using disc storage as well as other forms of storage such as for example Read Only Memor y (ROM) devices, Random Access Memory (RAM) devices; optical. storage 26 elements, magnetic storage elements, magneto-optical storage elements, flash 27 memory, core memory and/or other equivalent storage technologies without 28 departing from the present invention. Such alternative storage devices should be 29 considered equivalents.
I The present invention, as described in embodiments herein, is implemented 2 using a programmed processor executing programming instructions that are broadly 3 described above form that can be stored on any suitable electronic storage medium 4 or transmitted over any suitable electronic communication medium or otherwise be present in any computer readable or propagation medium. However, those skilled 6 in the art will appreciate that the processes described above can be implemented 7 in any number of variations and in many suitable programming languages without 8 departing from the present invention. For example, the order of certain operations 9 carried out can often be varied, additional operations can be added or operations can be deleted without departing from the invention. Error trapping can be added 11 and/or enhanced and variations can be made in user interface and information 12 presentation without departing from the present invention. Such variations are 13 contemplated and considered equivalent.
14 Software code and/or data embodying certain aspects of the present invention may be present in any computer readable medium, transmission medium,.
16 storage medium or propagation medium including, but not limited to, electronic 17 storage devices such as those described above, as well as carrier waves, electronic 18 signals, data structures (e.g., trees, linked lists, tables, packets, frames, etc.) optical 19 signals, propagated signals, broadcast signals, transmission media (e.g., circuit connection, cable, twisted pair, fiber optic cables, waveguides, antennas, etc.) and 21 other media that stores, carries or passes the code and/or data. Such media may 22 either store the software code and/ordata or serve to transport the code and/ordata 23 from one location to another. In the present exemplary embodiments, MPEG
24 compliant packets, slices, tables and other data structures are used, but this should not be considered limiting since other data structures can similarly be used without 26 departing from the present invention.
27 While the invention has been described in conjunction with specific 28 embodiments, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications, permutations and 29 variations will become apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing 1 description. Accordingly, it is intended that the present invention embrace all such 2 alternatives, modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the appended 3 claims.
Claims (46)
1. A method of selectively encrypting digital video content, comprising;
receiving a plurality of unencrypted packets containing the digital video content;
selecting certain of the packets of a specified type for encryption according to a selection criterion;
encrypting the selected packets using a first encryption key to produce first encrypted packets;
encrypting the selected packets using a second encryption key to produce second encrypted packets;
wherein the selected packets encrypted using the first encryption key and the selected packets encrypted using the second encryption key contain the same digital video content;
replacing the unencrypted packets of the specified packet type with the first encrypted packets and the second encrypted packets in the digital video signal to produce a partially dual encrypted video signal comprised of unencrypted packets along with first and second encrypted packets;
wherein the first encryption key is valid for a first segment of time and the second encryption key is valid for a subsequent time segment; and transmitting the partially dual encrypted video signal to a receiver.
receiving a plurality of unencrypted packets containing the digital video content;
selecting certain of the packets of a specified type for encryption according to a selection criterion;
encrypting the selected packets using a first encryption key to produce first encrypted packets;
encrypting the selected packets using a second encryption key to produce second encrypted packets;
wherein the selected packets encrypted using the first encryption key and the selected packets encrypted using the second encryption key contain the same digital video content;
replacing the unencrypted packets of the specified packet type with the first encrypted packets and the second encrypted packets in the digital video signal to produce a partially dual encrypted video signal comprised of unencrypted packets along with first and second encrypted packets;
wherein the first encryption key is valid for a first segment of time and the second encryption key is valid for a subsequent time segment; and transmitting the partially dual encrypted video signal to a receiver.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first encryption key is valid for a first month and the second encryption key is valid for a subsequent month.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the packets encrypted under the first and second encryption keys are identified by first and second packet identifiers (PIDs).
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein one of the first and second PIDs also identify the unencrypted packets.
5. The method according to claim 3, further comprising generating user private data that identifies valid time periods for the first and second encryption keys by PIDs.
6. The method according to claim 1, further comprising storing the selectively encrypted digital video content on an electronic storage medium.
7. The method according to claim 1, carried out on a programmed processor.
8. A computer readable medium storing instructions that, when executed on a programmed processor, carry out the method of selectively encrypting digital video content according to claim 1.
9. The computer readable medium of claim 8, wherein the medium comprises an electronic storage medium.
10. A method of decrypting and decoding dual selectively encrypted digital video content, comprising:
receiving partially dual encrypted video content comprising unencrypted packets along with first encrypted packets and second encrypted packets, wherein the first encrypted packets carry data encrypted under a first encryption key and the second encrypted packets carry data encrypted under a second encryption key;
wherein the first encrypted packets and the second encrypted packets contain the same digital video content;
wherein the first encryption key is valid for a first period of time and the second encryption key is valid for a second period of time;
determining which of the encrypted packets are encrypted under a currently valid encryption key;
decrypting the encrypted packets having the currently valid encryption key;
and decoding the unencrypted and decrypted packets to produce a decoded video signal.
receiving partially dual encrypted video content comprising unencrypted packets along with first encrypted packets and second encrypted packets, wherein the first encrypted packets carry data encrypted under a first encryption key and the second encrypted packets carry data encrypted under a second encryption key;
wherein the first encrypted packets and the second encrypted packets contain the same digital video content;
wherein the first encryption key is valid for a first period of time and the second encryption key is valid for a second period of time;
determining which of the encrypted packets are encrypted under a currently valid encryption key;
decrypting the encrypted packets having the currently valid encryption key;
and decoding the unencrypted and decrypted packets to produce a decoded video signal.
11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the packets encrypted under the first and second encryption keys are identified by first and second packet identifiers (PIDs).
12. The method according to claim 11, wherein one of the first and second PIDs also identify the unencrypted packets.
13. The method according to claim 11, wherein the determining comprises reading user private data that identifies valid time periods for the first and second encryption keys by PIDs.
14. The method according to claim 10, wherein the first encryption key is valid for a first time period and the second encryption key is valid for a second time period.
15. The method according to claim 10, wherein the first encryption key is valid for a first month and the second encryption key is valid for a second month.
16. The method according to claim 10, carried out on a programmed processor.
17. A computer readable medium storing instructions that, when executed on a programmed processor, carry out the method of decoding selectively encrypted digital video content according to claim 10.
18. The computer readable medium of claim 17, wherein the medium comprises an electronic storage medium.
19. A selective encryption decoder, for decrypting and decoding selectively encrypted digital video content, comprising:
a demultiplexer that receives dual selectively encrypted video content comprising unencrypted packets along with first encrypted packets and second encrypted packets, wherein the first encrypted packets carry data encrypted under a first encryption key and the second encrypted packets carry data encrypted under a second encryption key;
wherein the first encrypted packets and the second encrypted packets contain the same digital video content;
wherein the first encryption key is valid for a first period of time and the second encryption key is valid for a second period of time;
means for determining which of the first and second encryption keys are currently valid;
a decrypter receiving the encrypted packets having the valid encryption key and decrypting the encrypted packets using a valid decryption key to produce decrypted packets; and a decoder that decodes the unencrypted and decrypted packets to produce a decoded video signal.
a demultiplexer that receives dual selectively encrypted video content comprising unencrypted packets along with first encrypted packets and second encrypted packets, wherein the first encrypted packets carry data encrypted under a first encryption key and the second encrypted packets carry data encrypted under a second encryption key;
wherein the first encrypted packets and the second encrypted packets contain the same digital video content;
wherein the first encryption key is valid for a first period of time and the second encryption key is valid for a second period of time;
means for determining which of the first and second encryption keys are currently valid;
a decrypter receiving the encrypted packets having the valid encryption key and decrypting the encrypted packets using a valid decryption key to produce decrypted packets; and a decoder that decodes the unencrypted and decrypted packets to produce a decoded video signal.
20. The decoder according to claim 19, wherein the packets encrypted under the first and second encryption keys are identified by first and second packet identifiers (PIDs).
21. The decoder according to claim 20, wherein one of the first and second PIDs also identify the unencrypted packets.
22. The decoder according to claim 20, wherein the means for determining comprises means for reading user private data that identifies valid time periods for the first and second encryption keys by PIDs.
23. The decoder according to claim 19, wherein the first encryption key is valid for a first time period and the second encryption key is valid for a second time period.
24. The decoder according to claim 19, wherein the first encryption key is valid for a first month and the second encryption key is valid for a second month.
25. The decoder according to claim 19, wherein the selectively encrypted digital video content is stored on an electronic storage medium.
26. The decoder according to claim 19, wherein the selectively encrypted digital video content is received from a content provider.
27. The decoder according to claim 19, wherein the decoder forms a part of a television Set-top box.
28. The decoder according to claim 19, implemented using a programmed processor.
29. A selective encryption encoder, comprising:
a packet identifier that identifies packets of a specified packet type;
a packet duplicator that duplicates the identified packets to produce first and second sets of the identified packets in which the first and second identified packets contain the same digital video content; and a first encrypter for encrypting the first set of identified packets using a first encryption key and for encrypting the second set of identified packets using a second encryption key, wherein the first encryption key is valid for a first time period and the second encryption key is valid for a second time period, to produce a dual selectively encrypted signal in which the first and second identified packets contain the same digital video content; and a transmitter that transmits the selectively encrypted signal to a recipient.
a packet identifier that identifies packets of a specified packet type;
a packet duplicator that duplicates the identified packets to produce first and second sets of the identified packets in which the first and second identified packets contain the same digital video content; and a first encrypter for encrypting the first set of identified packets using a first encryption key and for encrypting the second set of identified packets using a second encryption key, wherein the first encryption key is valid for a first time period and the second encryption key is valid for a second time period, to produce a dual selectively encrypted signal in which the first and second identified packets contain the same digital video content; and a transmitter that transmits the selectively encrypted signal to a recipient.
30. The encoder according to claim 29, further comprising a packet identifier (PID) mapper, and wherein the PID mapper identifies the packets encrypted under the first and second encryption keys by first and second packet identifiers (PIDs).
31. The encoder according to claim 30, wherein one of the first and second PIDs also identify the unencrypted packets.
32. The encoder according to claim 30, further comprising a program specific information inserter that identifies valid time periods for the first and second encryption keys by PIDs.
33. The encoder according to claim 29, wherein the first encryption key is valid for a first month and the second encryption key is valid for a second month.
34. The encoder according to claim 29, further comprising an electronic storage medium, and wherein the selectively encrypted digital video content is stored on the electronic storage medium.
35. The encoder according to claim 29, further comprising a transmitter, and wherein the selectively encrypted digital video content is transmitted from the transmitter to a receiver.
36. The encoder according to claim 29, residing at a cable system head end.
37. The encoder according to claim 29, implemented using a programmed processor.
38. A television set-top box, comprising:
a receiver receiving a dual selectively encrypted digital television signal comprising:
unencrypted packets along with first encrypted packets and second encrypted packets, wherein the first encrypted packets carry data encrypted under a first encryption key and the second encrypted packets carry data encrypted under a second encryption key;
wherein the first encrypted packets and the second encrypted packets contain the same digital video content;
wherein the first encryption key is valid for a first period of time and the second encryption key is valid for a second period of time;
means for determining which of the first and second keys is valid;
a decrypter that decrypts the encrypted packets using a valid decryption key;
and a decoder that decodes the unencrypted packets and the decrypted packets to produce a signal suitable for play on a television set.
a receiver receiving a dual selectively encrypted digital television signal comprising:
unencrypted packets along with first encrypted packets and second encrypted packets, wherein the first encrypted packets carry data encrypted under a first encryption key and the second encrypted packets carry data encrypted under a second encryption key;
wherein the first encrypted packets and the second encrypted packets contain the same digital video content;
wherein the first encryption key is valid for a first period of time and the second encryption key is valid for a second period of time;
means for determining which of the first and second keys is valid;
a decrypter that decrypts the encrypted packets using a valid decryption key;
and a decoder that decodes the unencrypted packets and the decrypted packets to produce a signal suitable for play on a television set.
39. The television set-top box according to claim 38, further comprising a demultiplexer, and wherein the demultiplexer identifies the packets encrypted under the first and second encryption keys by first and second packet identifiers (PIDs).
40. The television set-top box according to claim 39, wherein the means for determining comprises means for reading user private data that identifies valid time periods for the first and second encryption keys by PIDs.
41. The television set-top box according to claim 38, wherein one of the first and second PIDs also identify the unencrypted packets.
42. The television set-top box according to claim 38, wherein the first encryption key is valid for a first month and the second key is valid for a second month.
43. A computer readable medium that carries instructions that when executed on a programmed processor to facilitate operation of a video receiver device to decrypt and decode a selectively encoded digital video signal wherein the instructions comprise:
a code segment that controls a demultiplexer that receives partially dual encrypted video content comprising unencrypted packets along with first encrypted packet and second encrypted packets, wherein the first encrypted packets carry data encrypted under a first encryption key and the second encrypted packets carry data encrypted under a second encryption key;
wherein the first encrypted packets and the second encrypted packets contain the same digital video content;
wherein the first encryption key is valid for a first period of time and the second encryption key is valid for a second period of time;
a code segment that determines which of the first and second keys are valid;
a code segment that controls decryption of the encrypted packets under the valid key to produce decrypted packets; and a code segment that controls decoding the unencrypted and decrypted packets to produce a decoded video signal.
a code segment that controls a demultiplexer that receives partially dual encrypted video content comprising unencrypted packets along with first encrypted packet and second encrypted packets, wherein the first encrypted packets carry data encrypted under a first encryption key and the second encrypted packets carry data encrypted under a second encryption key;
wherein the first encrypted packets and the second encrypted packets contain the same digital video content;
wherein the first encryption key is valid for a first period of time and the second encryption key is valid for a second period of time;
a code segment that determines which of the first and second keys are valid;
a code segment that controls decryption of the encrypted packets under the valid key to produce decrypted packets; and a code segment that controls decoding the unencrypted and decrypted packets to produce a decoded video signal.
44. The computer readable medium according to claim 43, further comprising a code segment that controls remapping at least one of the first and second encrypted packets to a packet identifier PID so that the unencrypted packets and the decrypted packets have a same PID.
45. The computer readable medium according to claim 43, further comprising a segment of code that generates user private data that identifies valid time periods for the first and second encryption keys by PIDs.
46. The computer readable medium of claim 43, wherein the medium comprises an electronic storage medium.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US40967502P | 2002-09-09 | 2002-09-09 | |
| US60/409,675 | 2002-09-09 | ||
| US10/319,169 | 2002-12-13 | ||
| US10/319,169 US7233669B2 (en) | 2002-01-02 | 2002-12-13 | Selective encryption to enable multiple decryption keys |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2437018A1 CA2437018A1 (en) | 2004-03-09 |
| CA2437018C true CA2437018C (en) | 2011-10-18 |
Family
ID=32072924
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2437018A Expired - Lifetime CA2437018C (en) | 2002-09-09 | 2003-08-12 | Selective encryption to enable multiple decryption keys |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7233669B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2437018C (en) |
Families Citing this family (118)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7362775B1 (en) | 1996-07-02 | 2008-04-22 | Wistaria Trading, Inc. | Exchange mechanisms for digital information packages with bandwidth securitization, multichannel digital watermarks, and key management |
| US5613004A (en) | 1995-06-07 | 1997-03-18 | The Dice Company | Steganographic method and device |
| US6205249B1 (en) | 1998-04-02 | 2001-03-20 | Scott A. Moskowitz | Multiple transform utilization and applications for secure digital watermarking |
| US7664263B2 (en) | 1998-03-24 | 2010-02-16 | Moskowitz Scott A | Method for combining transfer functions with predetermined key creation |
| US5889868A (en) | 1996-07-02 | 1999-03-30 | The Dice Company | Optimization methods for the insertion, protection, and detection of digital watermarks in digitized data |
| US7346472B1 (en) | 2000-09-07 | 2008-03-18 | Blue Spike, Inc. | Method and device for monitoring and analyzing signals |
| US7095874B2 (en) | 1996-07-02 | 2006-08-22 | Wistaria Trading, Inc. | Optimization methods for the insertion, protection, and detection of digital watermarks in digitized data |
| US7457962B2 (en) | 1996-07-02 | 2008-11-25 | Wistaria Trading, Inc | Optimization methods for the insertion, protection, and detection of digital watermarks in digitized data |
| US7177429B2 (en) | 2000-12-07 | 2007-02-13 | Blue Spike, Inc. | System and methods for permitting open access to data objects and for securing data within the data objects |
| US7159116B2 (en) | 1999-12-07 | 2007-01-02 | Blue Spike, Inc. | Systems, methods and devices for trusted transactions |
| US6020189A (en) * | 1996-08-30 | 2000-02-01 | The Johns Hopkins University School Of Medicine | Fibroblast growth factor homologous factors (FHFs) and methods of use |
| US7730317B2 (en) | 1996-12-20 | 2010-06-01 | Wistaria Trading, Inc. | Linear predictive coding implementation of digital watermarks |
| US7664264B2 (en) | 1999-03-24 | 2010-02-16 | Blue Spike, Inc. | Utilizing data reduction in steganographic and cryptographic systems |
| US6697489B1 (en) | 1999-03-30 | 2004-02-24 | Sony Corporation | Method and apparatus for securing control words |
| US7730300B2 (en) | 1999-03-30 | 2010-06-01 | Sony Corporation | Method and apparatus for protecting the transfer of data |
| US7475246B1 (en) | 1999-08-04 | 2009-01-06 | Blue Spike, Inc. | Secure personal content server |
| AU6640500A (en) * | 1999-08-13 | 2001-03-19 | Microsoft Corporation | Methods and systems of protecting digital content |
| US6886098B1 (en) * | 1999-08-13 | 2005-04-26 | Microsoft Corporation | Systems and methods for compression of key sets having multiple keys |
| US7039614B1 (en) | 1999-11-09 | 2006-05-02 | Sony Corporation | Method for simulcrypting scrambled data to a plurality of conditional access devices |
| US7127615B2 (en) | 2000-09-20 | 2006-10-24 | Blue Spike, Inc. | Security based on subliminal and supraliminal channels for data objects |
| US8127326B2 (en) | 2000-11-14 | 2012-02-28 | Claussen Paul J | Proximity detection using wireless connectivity in a communications system |
| WO2002047388A2 (en) | 2000-11-14 | 2002-06-13 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Networked subscriber television distribution |
| US7018795B2 (en) * | 2001-03-23 | 2006-03-28 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Hybridization probe and target nucleic acid detecting kit, target nucleic acid detecting apparatus and target nucleic acid detecting method using the same |
| US7747853B2 (en) | 2001-06-06 | 2010-06-29 | Sony Corporation | IP delivery of secure digital content |
| US7895616B2 (en) | 2001-06-06 | 2011-02-22 | Sony Corporation | Reconstitution of program streams split across multiple packet identifiers |
| US7127619B2 (en) * | 2001-06-06 | 2006-10-24 | Sony Corporation | Decoding and decryption of partially encrypted information |
| RU2298824C2 (en) * | 2001-09-28 | 2007-05-10 | Хай Денсити Дивайсез Ас | Method and device for encoding/decoding data in high capacity memory device |
| US7823174B2 (en) | 2002-01-02 | 2010-10-26 | Sony Corporation | Macro-block based content replacement by PID mapping |
| US7302059B2 (en) * | 2002-01-02 | 2007-11-27 | Sony Corporation | Star pattern partial encryption |
| US7292690B2 (en) * | 2002-01-02 | 2007-11-06 | Sony Corporation | Video scene change detection |
| US7155012B2 (en) | 2002-01-02 | 2006-12-26 | Sony Corporation | Slice mask and moat pattern partial encryption |
| US7765567B2 (en) | 2002-01-02 | 2010-07-27 | Sony Corporation | Content replacement by PID mapping |
| US7215770B2 (en) | 2002-01-02 | 2007-05-08 | Sony Corporation | System and method for partially encrypted multimedia stream |
| US7376233B2 (en) * | 2002-01-02 | 2008-05-20 | Sony Corporation | Video slice and active region based multiple partial encryption |
| US7287275B2 (en) | 2002-04-17 | 2007-10-23 | Moskowitz Scott A | Methods, systems and devices for packet watermarking and efficient provisioning of bandwidth |
| JP2003333024A (en) * | 2002-05-09 | 2003-11-21 | Nec Corp | Encryption/decryption system and its deciphering prevention/tampering proof method |
| US7516470B2 (en) | 2002-08-02 | 2009-04-07 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Locally-updated interactive program guide |
| US7346055B2 (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2008-03-18 | Broadcom Corporation | Method and system for co-relating transport packets on different channels using a unique packet identifier |
| US8818896B2 (en) | 2002-09-09 | 2014-08-26 | Sony Corporation | Selective encryption with coverage encryption |
| US7908625B2 (en) | 2002-10-02 | 2011-03-15 | Robertson Neil C | Networked multimedia system |
| US7360235B2 (en) | 2002-10-04 | 2008-04-15 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Systems and methods for operating a peripheral record/playback device in a networked multimedia system |
| US7545935B2 (en) * | 2002-10-04 | 2009-06-09 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Networked multimedia overlay system |
| US8046806B2 (en) | 2002-10-04 | 2011-10-25 | Wall William E | Multiroom point of deployment module |
| US8572408B2 (en) | 2002-11-05 | 2013-10-29 | Sony Corporation | Digital rights management of a digital device |
| US7724907B2 (en) | 2002-11-05 | 2010-05-25 | Sony Corporation | Mechanism for protecting the transfer of digital content |
| US8667525B2 (en) | 2002-12-13 | 2014-03-04 | Sony Corporation | Targeted advertisement selection from a digital stream |
| US8645988B2 (en) | 2002-12-13 | 2014-02-04 | Sony Corporation | Content personalization for digital content |
| JP2004214971A (en) * | 2002-12-27 | 2004-07-29 | Sharp Corp | Av data transmitter, av data receiver, and av data radio communication system |
| US8094640B2 (en) | 2003-01-15 | 2012-01-10 | Robertson Neil C | Full duplex wideband communications system for a local coaxial network |
| US7487532B2 (en) | 2003-01-15 | 2009-02-03 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Optimization of a full duplex wideband communications system |
| SG129240A1 (en) * | 2003-01-23 | 2007-02-26 | Agency Science Tech & Res | Biodegradable copolymer and nucleic acid delivery system |
| JP2004328706A (en) * | 2003-03-05 | 2004-11-18 | Toshiba Corp | Transmitter, receiver, transmission control program and reception control program |
| US20040193871A1 (en) * | 2003-03-28 | 2004-09-30 | Broadcom Corporation | System and method for transmitting data using selective partial encryption |
| US20040267595A1 (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2004-12-30 | Idcocumentd, Llc. | Worker and document management system |
| US7853980B2 (en) | 2003-10-31 | 2010-12-14 | Sony Corporation | Bi-directional indices for trick mode video-on-demand |
| US8472792B2 (en) | 2003-12-08 | 2013-06-25 | Divx, Llc | Multimedia distribution system |
| US7519274B2 (en) | 2003-12-08 | 2009-04-14 | Divx, Inc. | File format for multiple track digital data |
| US7490325B2 (en) | 2004-03-13 | 2009-02-10 | Cluster Resources, Inc. | System and method for providing intelligent pre-staging of data in a compute environment |
| US8782654B2 (en) | 2004-03-13 | 2014-07-15 | Adaptive Computing Enterprises, Inc. | Co-allocating a reservation spanning different compute resources types |
| KR100630680B1 (en) * | 2004-03-19 | 2006-10-02 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Non-volatile Memory Device with Asymmetrical Gate Dielectric Layer and Manufacturing Method thereof |
| US20050216752A1 (en) * | 2004-03-26 | 2005-09-29 | Microsoft Corporation | Common scrambling |
| US20060184790A1 (en) * | 2004-03-26 | 2006-08-17 | Microsoft Corporation | Protecting elementary stream content |
| US20060036551A1 (en) * | 2004-03-26 | 2006-02-16 | Microsoft Corporation | Protecting elementary stream content |
| US20070266388A1 (en) | 2004-06-18 | 2007-11-15 | Cluster Resources, Inc. | System and method for providing advanced reservations in a compute environment |
| US8176490B1 (en) | 2004-08-20 | 2012-05-08 | Adaptive Computing Enterprises, Inc. | System and method of interfacing a workload manager and scheduler with an identity manager |
| CA2586763C (en) | 2004-11-08 | 2013-12-17 | Cluster Resources, Inc. | System and method of providing system jobs within a compute environment |
| US7895617B2 (en) | 2004-12-15 | 2011-02-22 | Sony Corporation | Content substitution editor |
| US8041190B2 (en) | 2004-12-15 | 2011-10-18 | Sony Corporation | System and method for the creation, synchronization and delivery of alternate content |
| US7536016B2 (en) * | 2004-12-17 | 2009-05-19 | Microsoft Corporation | Encrypted content data structure package and generation thereof |
| US7386128B2 (en) * | 2004-12-29 | 2008-06-10 | General Instrument Corporation | Conditional access system providing access to multiple programs or services |
| US8271805B2 (en) | 2005-02-04 | 2012-09-18 | Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. | Methods and apparatus for providing a secure buffer |
| US8863143B2 (en) | 2006-03-16 | 2014-10-14 | Adaptive Computing Enterprises, Inc. | System and method for managing a hybrid compute environment |
| US9231886B2 (en) | 2005-03-16 | 2016-01-05 | Adaptive Computing Enterprises, Inc. | Simple integration of an on-demand compute environment |
| CA2603577A1 (en) | 2005-04-07 | 2006-10-12 | Cluster Resources, Inc. | On-demand access to compute resources |
| US8189786B2 (en) * | 2005-05-25 | 2012-05-29 | Zenith Electronics Llc | Encryption system |
| US8144868B2 (en) * | 2005-05-25 | 2012-03-27 | Zenith Electronics Llc | Encryption/decryption of program data but not PSI data |
| US7684566B2 (en) | 2005-05-27 | 2010-03-23 | Microsoft Corporation | Encryption scheme for streamed multimedia content protected by rights management system |
| US8321690B2 (en) | 2005-08-11 | 2012-11-27 | Microsoft Corporation | Protecting digital media of various content types |
| US8918530B2 (en) * | 2005-09-09 | 2014-12-23 | Microsoft Corporation | Plug and play device redirection for remote systems |
| US7876998B2 (en) | 2005-10-05 | 2011-01-25 | Wall William E | DVD playback over multi-room by copying to HDD |
| EP1821538A1 (en) * | 2006-02-15 | 2007-08-22 | Irdeto Access B.V. | Method and system providing scrambled content |
| US8185921B2 (en) * | 2006-02-28 | 2012-05-22 | Sony Corporation | Parental control of displayed content using closed captioning |
| JP5200204B2 (en) | 2006-03-14 | 2013-06-05 | ディブエックス リミテッド ライアビリティー カンパニー | A federated digital rights management mechanism including a trusted system |
| US8275132B2 (en) * | 2006-05-15 | 2012-09-25 | Buchen Neil B | System and method for dynamically allocating stream identifiers in a multi-encryption transport system |
| US9277295B2 (en) | 2006-06-16 | 2016-03-01 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Securing media content using interchangeable encryption key |
| US9137480B2 (en) | 2006-06-30 | 2015-09-15 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Secure escrow and recovery of media device content keys |
| EP4184341A1 (en) | 2007-01-05 | 2023-05-24 | DivX, LLC | Video distribution system including progressive playback |
| US8108680B2 (en) * | 2007-07-23 | 2012-01-31 | Murray Mark R | Preventing unauthorized poaching of set top box assets |
| US8385545B2 (en) * | 2007-07-27 | 2013-02-26 | Howard G. Pinder | Secure content key distribution using multiple distinct methods |
| US20090067625A1 (en) * | 2007-09-07 | 2009-03-12 | Aceurity, Inc. | Method for protection of digital rights at points of vulnerability in real time |
| US8041773B2 (en) | 2007-09-24 | 2011-10-18 | The Research Foundation Of State University Of New York | Automatic clustering for self-organizing grids |
| US20090080665A1 (en) * | 2007-09-25 | 2009-03-26 | Aceurity, Inc. | Method of Generating Secure Codes for a Randomized Scrambling Scheme for the Protection of Unprotected Transient Information |
| US7949133B2 (en) * | 2007-09-26 | 2011-05-24 | Pinder Howard G | Controlled cryptoperiod timing to reduce decoder processing load |
| US8824685B2 (en) * | 2007-10-15 | 2014-09-02 | Sony Corporation | Method for detection of a hacked decoder |
| WO2009065137A1 (en) | 2007-11-16 | 2009-05-22 | Divx, Inc. | Hierarchical and reduced index structures for multimedia files |
| US20100322427A1 (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2010-12-23 | Robert Bosch Gmch | Method for managing encryption keys in a communication network |
| JP4666015B2 (en) * | 2008-07-08 | 2011-04-06 | ソニー株式会社 | Content distribution system, content receiving terminal, and content distribution method |
| US9240883B2 (en) | 2008-09-04 | 2016-01-19 | Intel Corporation | Multi-key cryptography for encrypting file system acceleration |
| US8880879B2 (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2014-11-04 | Intel Corporation | Accelerated cryptography with an encryption attribute |
| WO2013131065A1 (en) * | 2012-03-02 | 2013-09-06 | Syphermedia International, Inc. | Blackbox security provider programming system permitting multiple customer use and in field conditional access switching |
| US10476883B2 (en) | 2012-03-02 | 2019-11-12 | Inside Secure | Signaling conditional access system switching and key derivation |
| US10691860B2 (en) | 2009-02-24 | 2020-06-23 | Rambus Inc. | Secure logic locking and configuration with camouflaged programmable micro netlists |
| CN101562813B (en) | 2009-05-12 | 2012-01-11 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method for implementing real-time data service, real-time data service system and mobile terminal |
| US8885829B2 (en) * | 2009-10-22 | 2014-11-11 | Sony Corporation | Antipiracy key segmentation for HFC multicast distribution from master headend to cable hubs |
| US11720290B2 (en) | 2009-10-30 | 2023-08-08 | Iii Holdings 2, Llc | Memcached server functionality in a cluster of data processing nodes |
| US10877695B2 (en) | 2009-10-30 | 2020-12-29 | Iii Holdings 2, Llc | Memcached server functionality in a cluster of data processing nodes |
| EP2507995A4 (en) | 2009-12-04 | 2014-07-09 | Sonic Ip Inc | Elementary bitstream cryptographic material transport systems and methods |
| US9858126B2 (en) | 2010-12-16 | 2018-01-02 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Device redirection for remote systems |
| US9247312B2 (en) | 2011-01-05 | 2016-01-26 | Sonic Ip, Inc. | Systems and methods for encoding source media in matroska container files for adaptive bitrate streaming using hypertext transfer protocol |
| US8560453B2 (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2013-10-15 | Intel Corporation | Method and apparatus for dynamic, real-time ad insertion based on meta-data within a hardware based root of trust |
| US9467708B2 (en) | 2011-08-30 | 2016-10-11 | Sonic Ip, Inc. | Selection of resolutions for seamless resolution switching of multimedia content |
| US8806188B2 (en) | 2011-08-31 | 2014-08-12 | Sonic Ip, Inc. | Systems and methods for performing adaptive bitrate streaming using automatically generated top level index files |
| US8909922B2 (en) | 2011-09-01 | 2014-12-09 | Sonic Ip, Inc. | Systems and methods for playing back alternative streams of protected content protected using common cryptographic information |
| US8917868B2 (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2014-12-23 | Vixs Systems, Inc. | Adaptable encryption device and methods for use therewith |
| US9191457B2 (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2015-11-17 | Sonic Ip, Inc. | Systems, methods, and media for controlling delivery of content |
| JP2016513825A (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2016-05-16 | マサチューセッツ インスティテュート オブ テクノロジー | Safety communication method and apparatus |
| CN113259731B (en) | 2015-01-06 | 2023-07-04 | 帝威视有限公司 | System and method for encoding content and sharing content between devices |
| CN112491532A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-12 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Video data encryption method and device, storage medium and electronic equipment |
Family Cites Families (160)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5870474A (en) * | 1995-12-04 | 1999-02-09 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Method and apparatus for providing conditional access in connection-oriented, interactive networks with a multiplicity of service providers |
| US3852519A (en) | 1972-10-20 | 1974-12-03 | Optical Systems Corp | Video and audio encoding/decoding system employing suppressed carrier modulation |
| GB2073534B (en) | 1980-04-02 | 1984-04-04 | Sony Corp | Error concealment in digital television signals |
| GB2084432A (en) | 1980-09-18 | 1982-04-07 | Sony Corp | Error concealment in digital television signals |
| US4521853A (en) | 1982-06-30 | 1985-06-04 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Secure microprocessor/microcomputer with secured memory |
| CA1338158C (en) | 1982-07-15 | 1996-03-12 | John D. Lowry | Encryption and decryption (scrambling and unscrambling) of video signals |
| US4785361A (en) | 1982-11-08 | 1988-11-15 | Vault Corporation | Method and apparatus for frustrating the unauthorized copying of recorded data |
| US4634808A (en) | 1984-03-15 | 1987-01-06 | M/A-Com Government Systems, Inc. | Descrambler subscriber key production system utilizing key seeds stored in descrambler |
| US4712238A (en) | 1984-06-08 | 1987-12-08 | M/A-Com Government Systems, Inc. | Selective-subscription descrambling |
| JPS6120442A (en) | 1984-07-09 | 1986-01-29 | Toshiba Corp | Chargeable broadcasting system |
| JPH0746864B2 (en) | 1984-08-22 | 1995-05-17 | ソニー株式会社 | High efficiency encoder |
| US4887296A (en) | 1984-10-26 | 1989-12-12 | Ricoh Co., Ltd. | Cryptographic system for direct broadcast satellite system |
| DE3582314D1 (en) | 1984-12-19 | 1991-05-02 | Sony Corp | HIGH-PERFORMANCE TECHNOLOGY FOR ENCODING A DIGITAL VIDEO SIGNAL. |
| JPH0793724B2 (en) | 1984-12-21 | 1995-10-09 | ソニー株式会社 | High efficiency coding apparatus and coding method for television signal |
| EP0200310B1 (en) | 1985-05-01 | 1993-08-11 | General Instrument Corporation | Direct broadcast satellite signal transmission system |
| JP2670259B2 (en) | 1985-11-29 | 1997-10-29 | ソニー株式会社 | High efficiency coding device |
| JPH0746862B2 (en) | 1985-11-30 | 1995-05-17 | ソニー株式会社 | Frame dropping compression encoding and decoding method |
| JP2612557B2 (en) | 1985-12-18 | 1997-05-21 | ソニー株式会社 | Data transmission receiving system and data decoding device |
| JPS62231569A (en) | 1986-03-31 | 1987-10-12 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Quantizing method for estimated error |
| NL8600980A (en) | 1986-04-18 | 1987-11-16 | Philips Nv | METHOD FOR TRANSMITTING UPDATE INFORMATION FOR A STILL VIDEO IMAGE |
| US4944006A (en) | 1987-03-12 | 1990-07-24 | Zenith Electronics Corporation | Secure data packet transmission system and method |
| JP2508439B2 (en) | 1987-05-29 | 1996-06-19 | ソニー株式会社 | High efficiency encoder |
| DE3869475D1 (en) | 1987-06-02 | 1992-04-30 | Siemens Ag | METHOD FOR DETERMINING MOTION VECTOR FIELDS FROM DIGITAL IMAGE SEQUENCES. |
| US5122873A (en) | 1987-10-05 | 1992-06-16 | Intel Corporation | Method and apparatus for selectively encoding and decoding a digital motion video signal at multiple resolution levels |
| JP2629238B2 (en) | 1988-02-05 | 1997-07-09 | ソニー株式会社 | Decoding device and decoding method |
| US4995080A (en) | 1988-08-04 | 1991-02-19 | Zenith Electronics Corporation | Television signal scrambling system and method |
| US5247575A (en) | 1988-08-16 | 1993-09-21 | Sprague Peter J | Information distribution system |
| US4953023A (en) | 1988-09-29 | 1990-08-28 | Sony Corporation | Coding apparatus for encoding and compressing video data |
| JP2900385B2 (en) | 1988-12-16 | 1999-06-02 | ソニー株式会社 | Framing circuit and method |
| US5144662A (en) | 1989-02-08 | 1992-09-01 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Public communication system comprising distributed stations, and station and sub-station for use in such a communication system |
| JP3018366B2 (en) | 1989-02-08 | 2000-03-13 | ソニー株式会社 | Video signal processing circuit |
| US4989245A (en) | 1989-03-06 | 1991-01-29 | General Instrument Corporation | Controlled authorization of descrambling of scrambled programs broadcast between different jurisdictions |
| US5208816A (en) | 1989-08-18 | 1993-05-04 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Generalized viterbi decoding algorithms |
| US6519693B1 (en) * | 1989-08-23 | 2003-02-11 | Delta Beta, Pty, Ltd. | Method and system of program transmission optimization using a redundant transmission sequence |
| JPH03141752A (en) | 1989-10-27 | 1991-06-17 | Hitachi Ltd | Picture signal transmitting method |
| US5237610A (en) | 1990-02-01 | 1993-08-17 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Independent external security module for a digitally upgradeable television signal decoder |
| JPH0474063A (en) | 1990-07-13 | 1992-03-09 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Coding method for picture |
| US5018197A (en) | 1990-07-30 | 1991-05-21 | Zenith Electronics Corporation | Secure video decoder system |
| JP2650472B2 (en) | 1990-07-30 | 1997-09-03 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Digital signal recording apparatus and digital signal recording method |
| JP2969867B2 (en) | 1990-08-31 | 1999-11-02 | ソニー株式会社 | High-efficiency encoder for digital image signals. |
| GB9019538D0 (en) | 1990-09-07 | 1990-10-24 | Philips Electronic Associated | Tracking a moving object |
| US5416651A (en) | 1990-10-31 | 1995-05-16 | Sony Corporation | Apparatus for magnetically recording digital data |
| US5144664A (en) | 1990-11-16 | 1992-09-01 | General Instrument Corporation | Apparatus and method for upgrading terminals to maintain a secure communication network |
| JP2906671B2 (en) | 1990-12-28 | 1999-06-21 | ソニー株式会社 | Highly efficient digital video signal encoding apparatus and method |
| DE69226095T2 (en) | 1991-01-17 | 1999-03-11 | Sharp Kk | Image coding and decoding system using an orthogonal transformation and bit allocation method |
| US5091936A (en) | 1991-01-30 | 1992-02-25 | General Instrument Corporation | System for communicating television signals or a plurality of digital audio signals in a standard television line allocation |
| US5138659A (en) | 1991-05-02 | 1992-08-11 | General Instrument Corporation | Conversion of television signal formats with retention of common control data stream |
| JPH04358486A (en) | 1991-06-04 | 1992-12-11 | Toshiba Corp | High efficiency code signal processing unit |
| JP2766919B2 (en) | 1991-06-07 | 1998-06-18 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Digital signal recording / reproducing device, digital signal recording device, digital signal reproducing device |
| US5263026A (en) | 1991-06-27 | 1993-11-16 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Maximum likelihood sequence estimation based equalization within a mobile digital cellular receiver |
| MY108367A (en) | 1991-09-30 | 1996-09-30 | Thomson Consumer Electronics S A | Method and apparatus for secure transmisson of video signals. |
| DE69217150T2 (en) | 1991-09-30 | 1997-07-17 | Philips Electronics Nv | Motion vector estimation, motion picture coding and storage |
| JPH05103309A (en) | 1991-10-04 | 1993-04-23 | Canon Inc | Method and device for transmitting information |
| US5398078A (en) | 1991-10-31 | 1995-03-14 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Method of detecting a motion vector in an image coding apparatus |
| US5724091A (en) * | 1991-11-25 | 1998-03-03 | Actv, Inc. | Compressed digital data interactive program system |
| JP3278881B2 (en) | 1991-12-13 | 2002-04-30 | ソニー株式会社 | Image signal generator |
| US6208805B1 (en) | 1992-02-07 | 2001-03-27 | Max Abecassis | Inhibiting a control function from interfering with a playing of a video |
| JP3259323B2 (en) | 1992-04-13 | 2002-02-25 | ソニー株式会社 | De-interleave circuit |
| US5359694A (en) | 1992-07-27 | 1994-10-25 | Teknekron Communications Systems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for converting image data |
| US5438369A (en) | 1992-08-17 | 1995-08-01 | Zenith Electronics Corporation | Digital data interleaving system with improved error correctability for vertically correlated interference |
| US5481554A (en) | 1992-09-02 | 1996-01-02 | Sony Corporation | Data transmission apparatus for transmitting code data |
| US5400401A (en) | 1992-10-30 | 1995-03-21 | Scientific Atlanta, Inc. | System and method for transmitting a plurality of digital services |
| US5319707A (en) | 1992-11-02 | 1994-06-07 | Scientific Atlanta | System and method for multiplexing a plurality of digital program services for transmission to remote locations |
| US5341425A (en) | 1992-12-02 | 1994-08-23 | Scientific Atlanta, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for uniquely encrypting data at a plurality of data transmission sites for transmission to a reception site |
| US5726711A (en) | 1993-01-13 | 1998-03-10 | Hitachi America, Ltd. | Intra-coded video frame data processing methods and apparatus |
| US5325432A (en) | 1993-02-04 | 1994-06-28 | Motorola, Inc. | Method for updating encryption key information in communication units |
| US5416847A (en) | 1993-02-12 | 1995-05-16 | The Walt Disney Company | Multi-band, digital audio noise filter |
| US5444491A (en) | 1993-02-26 | 1995-08-22 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Television system with multiple transmission formats |
| US5444782A (en) | 1993-03-09 | 1995-08-22 | Uunet Technologies, Inc. | Computer network encryption/decryption device |
| US5444763A (en) | 1993-06-17 | 1995-08-22 | Research In Motion Limited | Translation and connection device for radio frequency point of sale transaction systems |
| KR960015357B1 (en) | 1993-07-16 | 1996-11-09 | 대우전자 주식회사 | Communication system of scrambling and descrambling for radio program signal |
| JP2707950B2 (en) | 1993-07-30 | 1998-02-04 | ソニー株式会社 | Digital image information processing device |
| US5381481A (en) | 1993-08-04 | 1995-01-10 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Method and apparatus for uniquely encrypting a plurality of services at a transmission site |
| US5319712A (en) | 1993-08-26 | 1994-06-07 | Motorola, Inc. | Method and apparatus for providing cryptographic protection of a data stream in a communication system |
| KR960012931B1 (en) | 1993-08-31 | 1996-09-25 | 대우전자 주식회사 | Channel error concealing method for classified vector quantized video |
| JP3590996B2 (en) | 1993-09-30 | 2004-11-17 | ソニー株式会社 | Hierarchical encoding and decoding apparatus for digital image signal |
| US5663764A (en) | 1993-09-30 | 1997-09-02 | Sony Corporation | Hierarchical encoding and decoding apparatus for a digital image signal |
| US5617333A (en) | 1993-11-29 | 1997-04-01 | Kokusai Electric Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for transmission of image data |
| US5455862A (en) | 1993-12-02 | 1995-10-03 | Crest Industries, Inc. | Apparatus and method for encrypting communications without exchanging an encryption key |
| JP3271108B2 (en) | 1993-12-03 | 2002-04-02 | ソニー株式会社 | Apparatus and method for processing digital image signal |
| FR2715256B1 (en) | 1994-01-19 | 1996-02-16 | France Telecom | Procedures for transmitting and receiving conditional access programs managed by the same operator. |
| US5491748A (en) | 1994-03-01 | 1996-02-13 | Zenith Electronics Corporation | Enhanced security for a cable system |
| US5420866A (en) | 1994-03-29 | 1995-05-30 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Methods for providing conditional access information to decoders in a packet-based multiplexed communications system |
| FR2718594B1 (en) | 1994-04-06 | 1996-04-26 | France Telecom | Method for broadcasting programs with progressive conditional access and separating the flow of information. |
| US5459789A (en) * | 1994-04-22 | 1995-10-17 | Thomson Consumer Electronics | Packet TV program component detector |
| US5666293A (en) | 1994-05-27 | 1997-09-09 | Bell Atlantic Network Services, Inc. | Downloading operating system software through a broadcast channel |
| US5539828A (en) | 1994-05-31 | 1996-07-23 | Intel Corporation | Apparatus and method for providing secured communications |
| US6185546B1 (en) * | 1995-10-04 | 2001-02-06 | Intel Corporation | Apparatus and method for providing secured communications |
| US5473692A (en) | 1994-09-07 | 1995-12-05 | Intel Corporation | Roving software license for a hardware agent |
| US5606359A (en) | 1994-06-30 | 1997-02-25 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Video on demand system with multiple data sources configured to provide vcr-like services |
| US5535276A (en) | 1994-11-09 | 1996-07-09 | Bell Atlantic Network Services, Inc. | Yaksha, an improved system and method for securing communications using split private key asymmetric cryptography |
| US5518934A (en) * | 1994-07-21 | 1996-05-21 | Trustees Of Princeton University | Method of fabricating multiwavelength infrared focal plane array detector |
| US5574787A (en) | 1994-07-25 | 1996-11-12 | Ryan; John O. | Apparatus and method for comprehensive copy protection for video platforms and unprotected source material |
| US5539823A (en) | 1994-07-27 | 1996-07-23 | General Instrument Corporation Of Delaware | Subscription television picture scrambling and descrambling system providing compatibility with different such systems |
| US5629981A (en) | 1994-07-29 | 1997-05-13 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Information management and security system |
| US5652795A (en) | 1994-11-14 | 1997-07-29 | Hughes Electronics | Method and apparatus for an adapter card providing conditional access in a communication system |
| KR0152788B1 (en) * | 1994-11-26 | 1998-10-15 | 이헌조 | Copy protecting method and apparatus of digital image system |
| US5485577A (en) | 1994-12-16 | 1996-01-16 | General Instrument Corporation Of Delaware | Method and apparatus for incremental delivery of access rights |
| KR100205701B1 (en) * | 1994-12-27 | 1999-07-01 | 사또오 후미오 | Transmitter receiver communication processing system integrating ther and digital television broadcasting system |
| US5590202A (en) | 1995-01-18 | 1996-12-31 | Zenith Electronics Corporation | Countdown system for conditional access module |
| US5583863A (en) | 1995-01-31 | 1996-12-10 | Bell Atlantic Network Services, Inc. | Full service network using asynchronous transfer mode multiplexing |
| US6937729B2 (en) * | 1995-04-03 | 2005-08-30 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Representing entitlements to service in a conditional access system |
| US5608448A (en) | 1995-04-10 | 1997-03-04 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Hybrid architecture for video on demand server |
| US5583576A (en) | 1995-09-11 | 1996-12-10 | Oktv, Inc. | Rating-dependent parental lock-out for television reception |
| US5582470A (en) | 1995-09-12 | 1996-12-10 | Silitek Corporation | Scanner housing |
| US5742680A (en) | 1995-11-13 | 1998-04-21 | E Star, Inc. | Set top box for receiving and decryption and descrambling a plurality of satellite television signals |
| US5751280A (en) | 1995-12-11 | 1998-05-12 | Silicon Graphics, Inc. | System and method for media stream synchronization with a base atom index file and an auxiliary atom index file |
| US6055314A (en) * | 1996-03-22 | 2000-04-25 | Microsoft Corporation | System and method for secure purchase and delivery of video content programs |
| US5751813A (en) * | 1996-04-29 | 1998-05-12 | Motorola, Inc. | Use of an encryption server for encrypting messages |
| US5894516A (en) * | 1996-07-10 | 1999-04-13 | Ncr Corporation | Broadcast software distribution |
| KR100238098B1 (en) * | 1996-09-16 | 2000-01-15 | 윤종용 | Apparatus for synchronously reproducing multi-angle data |
| US6023509A (en) * | 1996-09-30 | 2000-02-08 | Intel Corporation | Digital signature purpose encoding |
| US6012144A (en) * | 1996-10-08 | 2000-01-04 | Pickett; Thomas E. | Transaction security method and apparatus |
| US5828753A (en) * | 1996-10-25 | 1998-10-27 | Intel Corporation | Circuit and method for ensuring interconnect security within a multi-chip integrated circuit package |
| JPH10145773A (en) * | 1996-11-14 | 1998-05-29 | Toshiba Corp | Method for ciphering animation data, computer system applying the method and dynamic image data encoding/ decoding device |
| US6192131B1 (en) * | 1996-11-15 | 2001-02-20 | Securities Industry Automation Corporation | Enabling business transactions in computer networks |
| US6543053B1 (en) * | 1996-11-27 | 2003-04-01 | University Of Hong Kong | Interactive video-on-demand system |
| US6021201A (en) * | 1997-01-07 | 2000-02-01 | Intel Corporation | Method and apparatus for integrated ciphering and hashing |
| US6049613A (en) * | 1997-03-07 | 2000-04-11 | Jakobsson; Markus | Method and apparatus for encrypting, decrypting, and providing privacy for data values |
| US6011849A (en) * | 1997-08-28 | 2000-01-04 | Syndata Technologies, Inc. | Encryption-based selection system for steganography |
| EP0901261B1 (en) * | 1997-09-05 | 2013-01-09 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Transport protocol conversion method and protocol conversion equipment |
| US6378130B1 (en) * | 1997-10-20 | 2002-04-23 | Time Warner Entertainment Company | Media server interconnect architecture |
| CA2313133A1 (en) * | 1997-12-09 | 1999-06-17 | Ictv, Inc. | Virtual lan printing over interactive cable television system |
| US6505032B1 (en) * | 2000-05-26 | 2003-01-07 | Xtremespectrum, Inc. | Carrierless ultra wideband wireless signals for conveying application data |
| JP3561154B2 (en) * | 1997-12-26 | 2004-09-02 | 株式会社東芝 | Broadcast receiving device and contract management device |
| US6510554B1 (en) * | 1998-04-27 | 2003-01-21 | Diva Systems Corporation | Method for generating information sub-streams for FF/REW applications |
| US6189096B1 (en) * | 1998-05-06 | 2001-02-13 | Kyberpass Corporation | User authentification using a virtual private key |
| US6529526B1 (en) * | 1998-07-13 | 2003-03-04 | Thomson Licensing S.A. | System for processing programs and program content rating information derived from multiple broadcast sources |
| US6351538B1 (en) * | 1998-10-06 | 2002-02-26 | Lsi Logic Corporation | Conditional access and copy protection scheme for MPEG encoded video data |
| US6505299B1 (en) * | 1999-03-01 | 2003-01-07 | Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. | Digital image scrambling for image coding systems |
| US6415031B1 (en) * | 1999-03-12 | 2002-07-02 | Diva Systems Corporation | Selective and renewable encryption for secure distribution of video on-demand |
| US6229895B1 (en) * | 1999-03-12 | 2001-05-08 | Diva Systems Corp. | Secure distribution of video on-demand |
| WO2000067257A2 (en) * | 1999-04-28 | 2000-11-09 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Optical disk, optical disk recording and reproducing apparatus, method for recording, reproducing and deleting data on optical disk, and information processing system |
| US6549229B1 (en) * | 1999-07-26 | 2003-04-15 | C-Cubed Corporation | Small, portable, self-contained, video teleconferencing system |
| DE60024941T8 (en) * | 1999-08-31 | 2006-08-10 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., Kadoma | Encryption method and apparatus, decryption method and apparatus |
| US6697944B1 (en) * | 1999-10-01 | 2004-02-24 | Microsoft Corporation | Digital content distribution, transmission and protection system and method, and portable device for use therewith |
| US6857132B1 (en) * | 2000-01-14 | 2005-02-15 | Terayon Communication Systems, Inc. | Head end multiplexer to select and transmit video-on-demand and other requested programs and services |
| EP1134977A1 (en) * | 2000-03-06 | 2001-09-19 | Irdeto Access B.V. | Method and system for providing copies of scrambled content with unique watermarks, and system for descrambling scrambled content |
| US6684250B2 (en) * | 2000-04-03 | 2004-01-27 | Quova, Inc. | Method and apparatus for estimating a geographic location of a networked entity |
| JP2001308812A (en) * | 2000-04-24 | 2001-11-02 | Nec Microsystems Ltd | Method for separation processing of transport stream for digital television and its recording medium |
| WO2001086650A1 (en) * | 2000-05-10 | 2001-11-15 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Copy protection system |
| FR2812781A1 (en) * | 2000-08-04 | 2002-02-08 | Thomson Multimedia Sa | METHOD FOR SECURE DISTRIBUTION OF DIGITAL DATA REPRESENTATIVE OF MULTIMEDIA CONTENT |
| US20020046406A1 (en) * | 2000-10-18 | 2002-04-18 | Majid Chelehmal | On-demand data system |
| US20020083438A1 (en) * | 2000-10-26 | 2002-06-27 | So Nicol Chung Pang | System for securely delivering encrypted content on demand with access contrl |
| US6934389B2 (en) * | 2001-03-02 | 2005-08-23 | Ati International Srl | Method and apparatus for providing bus-encrypted copy protection key to an unsecured bus |
| US7127619B2 (en) * | 2001-06-06 | 2006-10-24 | Sony Corporation | Decoding and decryption of partially encrypted information |
| US7350082B2 (en) * | 2001-06-06 | 2008-03-25 | Sony Corporation | Upgrading of encryption |
| US7356245B2 (en) * | 2001-06-29 | 2008-04-08 | International Business Machines Corporation | Methods to facilitate efficient transmission and playback of digital information |
| US7421411B2 (en) * | 2001-07-06 | 2008-09-02 | Nokia Corporation | Digital rights management in a mobile communications environment |
| US20030012286A1 (en) * | 2001-07-10 | 2003-01-16 | Motorola, Inc. | Method and device for suspecting errors and recovering macroblock data in video coding |
| US7369520B2 (en) * | 2001-10-02 | 2008-05-06 | Nokia Corporation | Internet protocol address to packet identifier mapping |
| US7206501B2 (en) * | 2001-10-12 | 2007-04-17 | The Directv Group, Inc. | Method and apparatus for identifying MPEG picture coding types |
| US20030077071A1 (en) * | 2001-10-23 | 2003-04-24 | Shu Lin | Fast forward trick mode and reverse trick mode using an information file |
| US7242773B2 (en) * | 2002-09-09 | 2007-07-10 | Sony Corporation | Multiple partial encryption using retuning |
| US7039938B2 (en) * | 2002-01-02 | 2006-05-02 | Sony Corporation | Selective encryption for video on demand |
| US7328345B2 (en) * | 2002-01-29 | 2008-02-05 | Widevine Technologies, Inc. | Method and system for end to end securing of content for video on demand |
| US20040010717A1 (en) * | 2002-01-29 | 2004-01-15 | Intertainer Asia Pte Ltd. | Apparatus and method for preventing digital media piracy |
| US7167560B2 (en) * | 2002-08-08 | 2007-01-23 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Partial encryption of stream-formatted media |
| US7295673B2 (en) * | 2002-10-23 | 2007-11-13 | Divx, Inc. | Method and system for securing compressed digital video |
| US20050071663A1 (en) * | 2003-09-26 | 2005-03-31 | General Instrument Corporation | Separation of copy protection rules for digital rights management |
-
2002
- 2002-12-13 US US10/319,169 patent/US7233669B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-08-12 CA CA2437018A patent/CA2437018C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20030159140A1 (en) | 2003-08-21 |
| US7233669B2 (en) | 2007-06-19 |
| CA2437018A1 (en) | 2004-03-09 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CA2437018C (en) | Selective encryption to enable multiple decryption keys | |
| US7151833B2 (en) | Selective encryption to enable trick play | |
| CA2746510C (en) | Video slice and active region based dual partial encryption | |
| US7039938B2 (en) | Selective encryption for video on demand | |
| US7292691B2 (en) | Progressive video refresh slice detection | |
| US7792294B2 (en) | Selective encryption encoding | |
| CA2746782C (en) | Star pattern partial encryption | |
| CA2748417C (en) | Slice mask and moat pattern partial encryption | |
| US20050169473A1 (en) | Multiple selective encryption with DRM | |
| US20080137847A1 (en) | Video slice and active region based multiple partial encryption | |
| JP4644850B2 (en) | Video sequence supply method, video stream transmission device, video stream reception device, card-type video stream reception device, and video stream transmission system | |
| CA2498346C (en) | Selective encryption for video on demand | |
| CA2437025C (en) | Selective encryption to enable trick play | |
| CA2709393C (en) | Progressive video refresh slice detection |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |
Effective date: 20230814 |