CA2404299A1 - Method and device for combustion of solid fuel - Google Patents

Method and device for combustion of solid fuel Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2404299A1
CA2404299A1 CA002404299A CA2404299A CA2404299A1 CA 2404299 A1 CA2404299 A1 CA 2404299A1 CA 002404299 A CA002404299 A CA 002404299A CA 2404299 A CA2404299 A CA 2404299A CA 2404299 A1 CA2404299 A1 CA 2404299A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
primary
flue gas
gases
fresh air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002404299A
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French (fr)
Other versions
CA2404299C (en
Inventor
Sigvart Kasin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Inc ENGINEERING AS
Original Assignee
Organic Power Asa
Sigvart Kasin
Inc Energy As
Inc Engineering As
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Organic Power Asa, Sigvart Kasin, Inc Energy As, Inc Engineering As filed Critical Organic Power Asa
Publication of CA2404299A1 publication Critical patent/CA2404299A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2404299C publication Critical patent/CA2404299C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/50Control or safety arrangements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F23G5/16Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/24Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a vertical, substantially cylindrical, combustion chamber
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/442Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G5/448Waste feed arrangements in which the waste is fed in containers or the like
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2202/00Fluegas recirculation
    • F23C2202/30Premixing fluegas with combustion air
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00Control
    • F23G2207/10Arrangement of sensing devices
    • F23G2207/101Arrangement of sensing devices for temperature
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00Control
    • F23G2207/10Arrangement of sensing devices
    • F23G2207/103Arrangement of sensing devices for oxygen
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00Control
    • F23G2207/10Arrangement of sensing devices
    • F23G2207/105Arrangement of sensing devices for NOx

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and device for combustion of solid fuel, especially incineration of bio-organic fuels and municipal solid waste to produce heat energy, where the method comprises controlling the oxygen flow inside the primary incineration chamber by sealing off and strictly regulate the flow of fresh air being led into it, controlling the incineration temperature by admixing a regulated amount of recycled flue gas, and sending the combustion gases in the primary incineration chamber in a counter flow through the incoming solid waste/fuel in order to filter out the fly ash and preheating the waste./fuel.

Claims (18)

11. Method for converting by incineration the energy content in solid waste to other energy carriers, where the incinerator comprises a primary and at least one additional combustion chamber in which the primary combustion chamber incinerates the solid waste while the at least one additional combustion chamber finishes the combustion process by combusting the combustion gases exiting the first combustion chamber, characterised in - that the oxygen flow in the primary and the at least one additional combustion chambers are strictly controlled by separately regulating the flow of fresh air into each combustion chamber in at least one separately regulated zone and by ensuring that the entire combustion chambers are gas tight towards the surrounding atmosphere in order to eliminate penetration of false air into the chambers, - that the temperatures in the primary and the at least one additional combustion chamber are strictly controlled, in addition to the regulation of the oxygen flow, by admixing a regulated amount of recycled flue gas with the fresh air which is being led into each of the chambers in each of the at least one separately regulated zones, and - that the gases which leave the combustion zone in the primary combustion chamber are led through at least a portion of the primary combustion chamber's content of solid waste before the gases exit the primary combustion chamber.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that there is employed a primary 1 and a secondary 30 combustion chamber, and that the regulation of the amount oxygen and the degree of admixture with recycled flue gas is performed in at least two independent inlets 16 or 31, or in at least two independent groups of inlets 16 or 31 of the primary combustion chamber 1 and the secondary combustion chamber 30, respectively.
3. Method according to claim 2, characterised in that the regulation of the amount oxygen and the degree of admixture with recycled flue gas is performed in four independent groups of inlets 16 or 31 of the primary combustion chamber 1 and the secondary combustion chamber 30, respectively.
4. Method according to claims 1-3, characterised in that the primary combustion chamber is fuelled with municipal solid waste which is compacted and wrapped in a plastic-foil to form odour-less bales.
5. Method according to claims 1-3, characterised in that the primary combustion chamber is fuelled with untreated municipal solid waste.
6. Method according to claims 2 - 5, characterised in that when a stable combustion zone in the primary combustion chamber 1 is achieved when burning wastes with low heat values, - that the admixture and amount of the fresh air and recycled flue gas which is led into the primary combustion chamber 1 is regulated to achieve an average concentration of 10 vol% oxygen of the admixed inlet gases and a temperature in the range of 700 to 800°C of the combustion gases which leave the primary combustion chamber, and - that the admixture and amount of fresh air and recycled flue gas that is led into the secondary combustion chamber 30 is regulated to gain an average surplus of oxygen of 6 vol%, a temperature of 1050°C, and a total gas flow of approx.
2600 Nm3/MWh of the flue gases which leaves the secondary combustion chamber.
7. Method according to claim 5, characterised in that the concentration of NO x in the flue gas leaving the second combustion chamber 30 is monitored, and that the admixture and amount of fresh air and recycled flue gas that is inserted into the secondary combustion chamber 30 is additionally regulated by allowing the average surplus of oxygen in the flue gases which leaves the secondary combustion chamber to vary in the range from 4 to 8 vol% while keeping the temperature and total gas flow as in claim 5 with the aim to minimise the content of NO x in the flue gas.
8. Method according to claims 2-7, characterised in that the secondary combustion chamber 30 is equipped with at least one gas~cyclone in order to turbulently mix the combustion gases with the injected gas-mixture of recycled flue gas and fresh air and thereby achieve a complete combustion of the combustion gases.
9. Method according to claims 4-7, characterised in that the solid waste in the form of bales 80 is sluiced in an air-tight manner into the primary combustion chamber 1 by a sluice 5, and that the bottom ash is sluiced out of the primary combustion chamber through a sluice 10 which is encapsulated and sealed off by a mantle 14.
10. Method according to claims 1-9, characterised in that the vapours and gases from the pyrolysis chamber may subsequently be led to the primary combustion chamber and thus enter the main flow of combustion gases.
11. Device for converting by incineration the energy of solid waste to other energy carriers, where the device comprises at primary combustion chamber connected to at least one additional combustion chamber, at least one cyclone, a unit for transferring the heat energy of the flue gases to another heat carrier, a gas filter, a transport system for supplying and admixing fresh air and recycled flue gas to combustion chambers, characterised in - that the primary combustion chamber 1 is designed as a vertical shaft with a rectangular cross-section and which is narrowed by inclining the lower part of the longitudinal side walls 9 towards each other to give the lower part of the shaft a truncated V-shape, that the upper part of the shaft constitutes an air-tight sluice 5 for sluicing in the fuel in form of bales 80 of compacted solid waste, that the truncated V-shape of the inclined longitudinal side walls 9 ends in an ash sluice 10 for removal off bottom ash, that the ash sluice 10 is sealed off toward the surrounding atmosphere by an air-tight mantle 14 connected to the vertical shaft, that each of the inclined longitudinal side walls 9 are equipped with at least one inlet or interconnected groups of inlets 16 for insertion of the admixed fresh air and recycled flue gas mixture, and that at least one lateral side wall 23 of the vertical shaft is equipped with at least one outlet 24 or 25 for the ~.,~~o tmbustion gases that forms in the primary combustion chamber, - that at the at least one inlet or interconnected group of inlets 16 is equipped with means for separately regulating the total gas flow and degree of admixture of fresh air and recycled flue gas through each inlet or interconnected group of inlets, - that at least one outlet 24 is connected to an additional combustion chamber 30, - that the at least one additional combustion chamber 30 is equipped with at least one inlet 31 for injection of the admixed fresh air and recycled flue gas mixture, and - that each of the at least one inlet 31 is equipped with means for separately.
regulating the total gas flow and degree of admixture of fresh air end recycled flue gas.
12. Device according to claim 11, characterised in that when the incineration is fuelled by solid waste with low heat values, there is employed one additional combustion chamber 30 which is attached directly to one outlet 24 of the primary combustion chamber, and that the secondary combustion chamber comprises a cylindrical combustion casing 32 and an adapted perforated cylindrical body 34 which is inserted into the casing 32, and which equipped with at least one outwardly protruding flange 35 such that the cylindrical body 34 and casing 32 forms annular channels which is connected to the inlets 31.
13. Device according to claim 11, characterised in that when the incineration is fuelled by solid waste with high heat values, in that - there is employed an additional combustion chamber 30 which is connected to the outlet 24 through a pipe 26, - that the outlet 24 is sealed by a damper 39 which is equipped with a small hole such that a flame tongue is protruding into the pipe 26, - that the combustion gases are led from the primary chamber through outlet 25 in the upper part of the primary combustion chamber and into pipe 26, and - that the secondary combustion chamber 30 comprises a cylindrical casing 32 which is equipped with at least one transverse running perforated cylinder which constitutes the inlet 31.
14. Device according to claim 12, characterised in that there is employed more than one secondary combustion chambers which each are connected to an outlet 24 via a pipe 26, and that all pipes 26 are connected to the outlet 25.
15. Device according to claims 11-13, characterised in that the ash sluice 10 is shaped as a horizontally longitudinal cylinder located in-between a triangular longitudinal member 12 at the lower end of each of the inclined side walls 9, and that the cylinder is equipped with at least one groove 11 such that the bottom ash is sluiced out when the cylinder 10 is rotated.
16. Device according to claims 11-13, characterised in that each active outlet from the primary combustion chamber is equipped with means for measuring the temperature of the combustion gases exiting the primary combustion chamber, and that the outlet from each of the at least one additional combustion chamber is equipped with means for measuring the total gas flow, temperature, oxygen content, and NO x-content of the flue gas exiting the at least one additional combustion chamber.
17. Device according to claim 15, characterised in - that the means for measuring the temperature of the combustion gas exiting the primary combustion chamber is connected to means for regulating the admixture and gas flow of the mixed fresh sir and recycled flue gas which is inserted through the at least one inlet 16, and - that the means for measuring the temperature, gas flow, oxygen content and NOX-content in the flue gas exiting the secondary combustion chamber is connected to means for regulating the admixture and gas flow of the mixed fresh air and recycled flue gas which is inserted through the at least one inlet 31.
18. Device according to any of claims 11-17;
characterised in that a pyrolysis chamber for decomposing of special waste is located in pipe 41 for leading flue gas exiting the second combustion chamber 30 to boiler 40.
CA2404299A 2000-03-24 2001-03-23 Method and device for combustion of solid fuel Expired - Fee Related CA2404299C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20001571 2000-03-24
NO20001571A NO312260B1 (en) 2000-03-24 2000-03-24 Method and device for the conversion of energy by the combustion of solid fuel
PCT/NO2001/000130 WO2001071253A2 (en) 2000-03-24 2001-03-23 Method and device for combustion of solid fuel, especially solid waste

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2404299A1 true CA2404299A1 (en) 2001-09-27
CA2404299C CA2404299C (en) 2010-11-30

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2404299A Expired - Fee Related CA2404299C (en) 2000-03-24 2001-03-23 Method and device for combustion of solid fuel

Country Status (19)

Country Link
US (1) US6848375B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1269077B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4889176B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100823747B1 (en)
CN (1) CN100476293C (en)
AT (1) ATE362079T1 (en)
AU (2) AU4488001A (en)
CA (1) CA2404299C (en)
CZ (1) CZ304760B6 (en)
DE (1) DE60128337T2 (en)
DK (1) DK1269077T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2287109T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1056387A1 (en)
HU (1) HU229011B1 (en)
MX (1) MXPA02009341A (en)
NO (1) NO312260B1 (en)
PL (1) PL200498B1 (en)
PT (1) PT1269077E (en)
WO (1) WO2001071253A2 (en)

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US7320288B2 (en) 2002-02-15 2008-01-22 American Air Liquide, Inc. Steam-generating combustion system and method for emission control using oxygen enhancement
CN105910112A (en) * 2016-04-18 2016-08-31 娈疯 Comprehensive treatment technique for flying ash of waste incineration plant

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CN106765163A (en) * 2017-01-13 2017-05-31 安徽未名鼎和环保有限公司 A kind of incinerator air inlet and automatic feeding control system based on temperature detection
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US7320288B2 (en) 2002-02-15 2008-01-22 American Air Liquide, Inc. Steam-generating combustion system and method for emission control using oxygen enhancement
CN105910112A (en) * 2016-04-18 2016-08-31 娈疯 Comprehensive treatment technique for flying ash of waste incineration plant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2001071253A2 (en) 2001-09-27
CN1430714A (en) 2003-07-16
KR100823747B1 (en) 2008-04-21
DK1269077T3 (en) 2007-09-24
AU2001244880B2 (en) 2005-06-30
CN100476293C (en) 2009-04-08
EP1269077B1 (en) 2007-05-09
PL200498B1 (en) 2009-01-30
PL356601A1 (en) 2004-06-28
PT1269077E (en) 2007-08-14
HUP0300545A2 (en) 2003-07-28
NO312260B1 (en) 2002-04-15
JP4889176B2 (en) 2012-03-07
DE60128337D1 (en) 2007-06-21
MXPA02009341A (en) 2004-05-14
EP1269077A2 (en) 2003-01-02
ATE362079T1 (en) 2007-06-15
US20040035339A1 (en) 2004-02-26
CA2404299C (en) 2010-11-30
JP2003528284A (en) 2003-09-24
NO20001571D0 (en) 2000-03-24
WO2001071253A3 (en) 2002-01-24
US6848375B2 (en) 2005-02-01
CZ304760B6 (en) 2014-10-01
HU229011B1 (en) 2013-07-29
HK1056387A1 (en) 2004-02-13
CZ20023557A3 (en) 2003-05-14
KR20030019331A (en) 2003-03-06
DE60128337T2 (en) 2008-01-17
AU4488001A (en) 2001-10-03
ES2287109T3 (en) 2007-12-16
NO20001571L (en) 2001-09-25

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