CA2363153A1 - Load-bearing osteoimplant, method for its manufacture and method of repairing bone using same - Google Patents

Load-bearing osteoimplant, method for its manufacture and method of repairing bone using same Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2363153A1
CA2363153A1 CA002363153A CA2363153A CA2363153A1 CA 2363153 A1 CA2363153 A1 CA 2363153A1 CA 002363153 A CA002363153 A CA 002363153A CA 2363153 A CA2363153 A CA 2363153A CA 2363153 A1 CA2363153 A1 CA 2363153A1
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Prior art keywords
osteoimplant
bone particles
bone
group
composition
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CA002363153A
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French (fr)
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CA2363153C (en
Inventor
Todd M. Boyce
Lawrence A. Shimp
Albert Manrique
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Osteotech Inc
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Osteotech, Inc.
Todd M. Boyce
Lawrence A. Shimp
Albert Manrique
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Publication of CA2363153A1 publication Critical patent/CA2363153A1/en
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/28—Bones
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
    • A61F2/4644—Preparation of bone graft, bone plugs or bone dowels, e.g. grinding or milling bone material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
    • A61L27/36—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix
    • A61L27/3604—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix characterised by the human or animal origin of the biological material, e.g. hair, fascia, fish scales, silk, shellac, pericardium, pleura, renal tissue, amniotic membrane, parenchymal tissue, fetal tissue, muscle tissue, fat tissue, enamel
    • A61L27/3608—Bone, e.g. demineralised bone matrix [DBM], bone powder
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
    • A61L27/36—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix
    • A61L27/3641—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix characterised by the site of application in the body
    • A61L27/3645—Connective tissue
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
    • A61L27/36—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix
    • A61L27/3683—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix subjected to a specific treatment prior to implantation, e.g. decellularising, demineralising, grinding, cellular disruption/non-collagenous protein removal, anti-calcification, crosslinking, supercritical fluid extraction, enzyme treatment
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
    • A61L27/36—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix
    • A61L27/3683—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix subjected to a specific treatment prior to implantation, e.g. decellularising, demineralising, grinding, cellular disruption/non-collagenous protein removal, anti-calcification, crosslinking, supercritical fluid extraction, enzyme treatment
    • A61L27/3691—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix subjected to a specific treatment prior to implantation, e.g. decellularising, demineralising, grinding, cellular disruption/non-collagenous protein removal, anti-calcification, crosslinking, supercritical fluid extraction, enzyme treatment characterised by physical conditions of the treatment, e.g. applying a compressive force to the composition, pressure cycles, ultrasonic/sonication or microwave treatment, lyophilisation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
    • A61L27/36—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix
    • A61L27/38—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix containing added animal cells
    • A61L27/3839—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix containing added animal cells characterised by the site of application in the body
    • A61L27/3843—Connective tissue
    • A61L27/3847—Bones
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
    • A61L31/005—Ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30535—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2250/0058—Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2430/00—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration
    • A61L2430/02—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration for reconstruction of bones; weight-bearing implants

Abstract

A load-bearing osteoimplant, method of making the osteoimplant and method for repairing bone using the osteoimplant are provided. The osteoimplant comprises a shaped, compressed composition of bone particles. The osteoimplant possesses a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.

Claims (98)

  1. WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:
    A method of fabricating a load-bearing osteoimplant which comprises:
    providing a composition comprising bone particles optionally in combination with one or more biocompatible components; and, applying a compressive force of greater than about 1000 psi to the composition to provide an osteoimplant, said osteoimplant possessing a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.
  2. 2. The method of Claim 1 wherein the biocompatible component is selected from the group consisting of wetting agent, biocompatible binder, filler, fiber, plasticizer, biostatic/biocidal agent, surface active agent, and bioactive substance.
  3. 3. The method of Claim 2 wherein the wetting agent is selected from the group consisting of water, organic protic solvent, physiological saline concentrated saline, sugar solution, ionic solution, liquid polyhydroxy compound and mixtures thereof.
  4. 4. The method of Claim 3 wherein the polyhydroxy compound is selected from the group consisting of glycerol and glycerol esters.
  5. 5. The method of Claim 2 wherein the binder is a biological adhesive.
  6. 6. The method of Claim 5 wherein the biological adhesive is selected from the group consisting of fibrin glue, fibrinogen, thrombin, mussel adhesive protein, silk, elastin, collagen, casein, gelatin, albumin, keratin, chitin and chitosan.
  7. 7. The method of Claim 2 wherein the binder is a bioabsorbable polymer.
  8. 8. The method of Claim 7 wherein the bioabsorbable polymer is selected from the group consisting of starches, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, polylactic-co-glycolic acid, polydioxanone, polycaprolactone, polycarbonates, polyorthoesters, polyamino acids, polyanhydrides, polyhydroxybutyrate, polyhyroxyvalyrate, poly (propylene glycol-co-fumaric acid), tyrosine-based polycarbonates, pharmaceutical tablet binders, polyvinylpyrollidone, cellulose, ethyl cellulose, micro-crystalline cellulose, and blends thereof.
  9. 9. The method of Claim 2 wherein the binder is a nonbioabsorbable polymer.
  10. 10. The method of Claim 9 wherein the nonbioabsorbable polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyurethane, and polyamide.
  11. 11. The method of Claim 2 wherein the filler is selected from the group consisting calcium phosphates, tricalcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite calcium salts, bone powder, demineralized bone powder, anorganic bone, dental tooth enamel, aragonite, calcite, nacre, graphite, pyrolytic carbon, Bioglass®, bioceramic, and mixtures thereof.
  12. 12. The method of Claim 2 wherein the surface active agent is selected from the group consisting of nonionic, cationic, anionic, amphoteric surfactants, and mixtures thereof.
  13. 13. The method of Claim 2 wherein the bioactive substance is selected from the group consisting of collagen, insoluble collagen derivatives, and soluble solids and/or liquids dissolved therein; antiviricides, antimicrobials and/or antibiotics such as erythromycin, bacitracin, neomycin, penicillin, polymycin B, tetracyclines, biomycin, chloromycetin, streptomycins, cefazolin, ampicillin, azactam, tobramycin, clindamycin and gentamicin; biocidal/biostatic sugars such as dextran, glucose, amino acids, peptides;
    vitamins; inorganic elements; co-factors for protein synthesis; hormones;
    endocrine tissue or tissue fragments; synthesizers; enzymes such as collagenase, peptidases, oxidases;
    polymer cell scaffolds with parenchymal cells; angiogenic drugs and polymeric carriers containing such drugs; collagen lattices; antigenic agents; cytoskeletal agents; cartilage fragments; living cells such as chondrocytes; bone marrow cells; mesenchymal stem cells; natural extracts; genetically engineered living cells or otherwise modified living cells; DNA delivered by plasmid or viral vectors; tissue transplants;
    demineralized bone powder, autogenous tissues such as blood, serum, soft tissue, bone marrow;
    bioadhesives, bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs); osteoinductive factor (IFO); fibronectin (FN);
    endothelial cell growth factor (ECGF); cementum attachment extracts (CAE);
    ketanserin;
    human growth hormone (HGH); animal growth hormones; epidermal growth factor (EGF); interleukin-1 (IL-1); human alpha thrombin; transforming growth factor (TGF-beta); insulin-like growth factor (JGF-1); platelet derived growth factors (PDGF);
    fibroblast growth factors (FGF, bFGF, etc.); periodontal ligament chemotactic factor (PDLGF); somatotropin; bone digestors; antitumor agents; immuno-suppressants;
    permeation enhancers; enamine derivatives; alpha-keto aldehydes; and nucleic acids.
  14. 14. The method of Claim 12 wherein the bioactive substance is a growth factor selected from the group consisting of transforming growth factor (TGF-beta), insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), somatotropin, basic fibroblast growth factor (BFGF) and mixtures thereof.
  15. 15. The method of claim 2 wherein the bioactive substance is bone morphogenetic protein (BMP).
  16. 16. The method of Claim 2 wherein the biostatic/biocidal agent is selected from the group consisting of antibiotics, povidone, sugars and mixtures thereof.
  17. 17. The method of Claim 1 wherein the composition comprises from about 5 to about 100 weight percent bone particles and from about 0 to about 95 weight percent of at least one biocompatible component.
  18. 18. The method of Claim 1 wherein at least about 60 weight percent of the bone particles are elongate.
  19. 19. The method of Claim 1 wherein the bone particles are selected from the group consisting of nondemineralized bone particles, demineralized bone particles, and mixtures thereof.
  20. 20. The method of Claim 19 wherein the demineralized bone particles are selected from the group consisting of superficially demineralized, partially demineralized and fully demineralized bone particles.
  21. 21. The method of Claim 19 wherein the demineralized bone particles are fully demineralized bone particles.
  22. 22. The method of Claim 1 wherein the bone particles are obtained from cortical, cancellous or cortico-cancellous bone of autogenous, allogenic or xenogeneic origin.
  23. 23. The method of Claim 1 wherein the bone particles are obtained from porcine or bovine bone.
  24. 24. The method of Claim 1 wherein the bone particles comprise a mixture of nondemineralized bone particles and demineralized bone particles.
  25. 25. The method of Claim 24 wherein at least about 60 weight percent of the nondemineralized bone particles are elongate and at least about 60 weight percent of the demineralized bone particles are elongate.
  26. 26. The method of Claim 24 wherein the weight ratio of nondemineralized to demineralized bone particles ranges from about 20:1 to about 1:20.
  27. 27. The method of Claim 24 wherein the mixture comprises from about 5 to about 100 weight percent of the composition.
  28. 28. The method of Claim 24 wherein the biocompatible component comprises a wetting agent.
  29. 29. The method of Claim 24 wherein the biocompatible component comprises a binder.
  30. 30. The method of Claim 1 which further comprises applying heat to the composition before, during or after the application of compressive force to the composition.
  31. 31. The method of Claim 1 which further comprises cross-linking bone particles within the composition before, during or after the application of compressive force to the composition.
  32. 32. The method of Claim 1 which further comprises freeze-drying the composition before, during or after the application of compressive force to the composition.
  33. 33. The method of Claim 1 which further comprises applying heat to the composition before, during or after the application of compressive force to the composition followed by freeze-drying the heated, compressed composition.
  34. 34. The load-bearing osteoimplant produced by the method of Claim 1.
  35. 35. A load-bearing osteoimplant comprising a shaped, compressed composition of bone particles, wherein the osteoimplant possesses a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.
  36. 36. The osteoimplant of Claim 35 wherein the bone particles are selected from the group consisting of nondemineralized bone particles, demineralized bone particles, and mixtures thereof.
  37. 37. The osteoimplant of Claim 36 wherein the demineralized bone particles are selected from the group consisting of superficially demineralized, partially demineralized and fully demineralized bone particles.
  38. 38. The osteoimplant of Claim 36 wherein the demineralized bone particles are fully demineralized.
  39. 39. The osteoimplant of Claim 35 wherein the bone particles are obtained from cortical, cancellous or cortico-cancellous bone of autogenous, allogenic or xenogeneic origin.
  40. 40. The osteoimplant of Claim 35 wherein the bone particles are obtained from porcine or bovine bone.
  41. 41. The osteoimplant of Claim 35 wherein the bone particles comprise a mixture of nondemineralized bone particles and demineralized bone particles.
  42. 42. The osteoimplant of Claim 35 wherein the bone particles comprise a mixture of partially demineralized bone particles and fully demineralized bone particles.
  43. 43. The osteoimplant of Claim 42 wherein the bone particles further comprise nondemineralized bone particles.
  44. 44. The osteoimplant of Claim 35 wherein at least about 60 weight percent of the bone particles are elongate.
  45. 45. The osteoimplant of Claim 35 wherein at least about 90 weight percent of the bone particles are elongate.
  46. 46. The osteoimplant of Claim 35 further comprising at least one biocompatible component.
  47. 47. The osteoimplant of Claim 46 wherein the biocompatible component is selected from the group consisting of wetting agent, biocompatible binder, filler, fiber, surface active agent, bioactive substance and biostatic/biocidal agent.
  48. 48. The osteoimplant of Claim 47 wherein the wetting agent is selected from the group consisting of water, organic protic solvent, physiological saline liquid polyhydroxy compound and mixture of water and liquid polyhydroxy compound.
  49. 49. The osteoimplant of Claim 48 wherein the polyhydroxy compound is selected from the group consisting of glycerol and glycerol esters.
  50. 50. The osteoimplant of Claim 47 wherein the biocompatible binder is a biological adhesive.
  51. 51. The osteoimplant of Claim 50 wherein the biological adhesive is fibrin glue, fibrinogen thrombin, mussel adhesive protein, silk, elastin, collagen, casein, gelatin, albumin, keratin, chitin or chitosan.
  52. 52. The osteoimplant of Claim 47 wherein the biocompatible binder is a bioabsorbable polymer.
  53. 53. The osteoimplant of Claim 52 wherein the bioabsorbable polymer is selected from the group consisting of starches, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, polylactic-co-glycolic acid, polydioxanone, polycaprolactone, polycarbonates, polyorthoesters, polyamino acids, polyanhydrides, polyhydroxybutyrate, polyhyroxyvalyrate, poly (propylene glycol-co-fumaric acid), tyrosine-based polycarbonates, tablet binders, polyvinylpyrollidone, cellulose, ethyl cellulose, micro-crystalline cellulose, and blends thereof.
  54. 54. The osteoimplant of Claim 47 wherein the biocompatible binder is a nonbioabsorbable polymer.
  55. 55. The osteoimplant of Claim 54 wherein the nonbioabsorbable polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate polytetrafluoroethylene, polyurethane, and polyamide.
  56. 56. The osteoimplant of Claim 47 wherein the filler is selected from the group consisting calcium phosphates, calcium salts, bone powder, graphite, pyrolytic carbon, bioglass, bioceramic, and mixtures thereof.
  57. 57. The osteoimplant of Claim 47 wherein the surface active agent is selected from the group consisting of nonionic, cationic, anionic, amphoteric surfactants, and mixtures thereof.
  58. 58. The osteoimplant of Claim 47 wherein the bioactive substance is selected from the group consisting of collagen, insoluble collagen derivatives, and soluble solids and/or liquids dissolved therein; antiviricides, antimicrobials and/or antibiotics such as erythromycin, bacitracin, neomycin, penicillin, polymycin B, tetracyclines, biomycin, chloromycetin, streptomycins, cefazolin, ampicillin, azactam, tobramycin, clindamycin and gentamicin; biocidal/biostatic sugars such as dextran, glucose, amino acids, peptides; vitamins; inorganic elements; co-factors for protein synthesis; hormones;
    endocrine tissue or tissue fragments; synthesizers; enzymes such as collagenase, peptidases, oxidases; polymer cell scaffolds with parenchymal cells;
    angiogenic drugs and polymeric carriers containing such drugs; collagen lattices; antigenic agents;
    cytoskeletal agents; cartilage fragments; living cells such as chondrocytes; bone marrow cells;
    mesenchymal stem cells; natural extracts; genetically engineered living cells or otherwise modified living cells; DNA delivered by plasmid or viral vectors; tissue transplants;
    demineralized bone powder; autogenous tissues such as blood, serum, soft tissue, bone marrow; bioadhesives, bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs); osteoinductive factor (IFO);
    fibronectin (FN); endothelial cell growth factor (ECGF); cementum attachment extracts (CAE); ketanserin; human growth hormone (HGH); animal growth hormones;
    epidermal growth factor (EGF); interleukin-1 (IL-1); human alpha thrombin; transforming growth factor (TGF-beta); insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1); platelet derived growth factors (PDGF); fibroblast growth factors (FGF, bFGF, etc.); periodontal ligament chemotactic factor (PDLGF); somatotropin; bone digestors; antitumor agents; immuno-suppressants;
    permeation enhancers; enamine derivatives; alpha-keto aldehydes; and nucleic acids.
  59. 59. The osteoimplant of Claim 47 wherein the bioactive substance is a growth factor selected from the group consisting of transforming growth factor (TGF-beta), insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), somatotropin, basic fibroblast growth factor (BFGF) and mixtures thereof.
  60. 60. The osteoimplant of Claim 47 wherein the bioactive substance is bone morphogenetic protein (BMP).
  61. 61. The osteoimplant of Claim 47 wherein the biostatic/biocidal agent is selected from the group consisting of antibiotics, povidone, sugars and mixtures thereof.
  62. 62. The osteoimplant of Claim 47 wherein the bone particles represent from about 5 to about 100 and the biocompatible component represents from about 0 to about 95 weight percent of the osteoimplant.
  63. 63. The osteoimplant of Claim 41 wherein the weight ratio of nondemineralized bone particles to demineralized bone particles ranges from about 20:1 to about 1:20.
  64. 64. The osteoimplant of Claim 42 wherein the weight ratio of partially demineralized bone particles to fully demineralized bone particles ranges from about 20:1 to about 1:20.
  65. 65. An osteoimplant comprising a shaped, compressed composition of elongate bone particles selected from the group consisting of nondemineralized bone particles, demineralized bone particles, and combinations thereof, wherein the osteoimplant possesses a bulk density of greater than about 1.0 g/cm3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 15 MPa.
  66. 66. The osteoimplant of Claim 65 further comprising at least one biocompatible component.
  67. 67. The osteoimplant of Claim 66 wherein the biocompatible component is selected from the group consisting of wetting agent, binder, filler, fiber, surface active agent, bioactive substance and biostatic/biocidal agent.
  68. 68. A method of repairing bone comprising implanting at a bone repair site a load-bearing osteoimplant comprising a shaped, compressed composition of bone particles, said osteoimplant possessing a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.
  69. 69. The method of Claim 68 wherein the bone particles are selected from the group consisting of nondemineralized bone particles, demineralized bone particles, and mixtures thereof.
  70. 70. The method of Claim 68 wherein the bone particles are obtained from cortical, cancellous or cortico-cancellous bone of autogenous, allogenic or xenogeneic origin.
  71. 71. The method of Claim 68 wherein at least about 60 weight percent of the bone particles are elongate.
  72. 72. The method of Claim 68 wherein the osteoimplant further comprises at least one biocompatible component.
  73. 73. The method of Claim 72 wherein the biocompatible component is selected from the group consisting of wetting agent, biocompatible binder, filler, fiber, surface active agent, bioactive substance and biostatic/biocidal agent.
  74. 74. The method of Claim 68 wherein the bone particles represent from about 5 to about 100 weight percent of the osteoimplant.
  75. 75. The method of Claim 72 wherein the biocompatible component represents from about 0 to about 95 weight percent of the osteoimplant.
  76. 76. The method of Claim 30 wherein heat is applied to the composition by contacting the composition with a heated biocompatible liquid.
  77. 77. The method of Claim 1 wherein the compressive force is from about 2,500 to about 60,000 psi.
  78. 78. The method of Claim 1 wherein bulk density is greater than about 1.0 g/cm3.
  79. 79. The method of Claim 1 wherein wet compressive strength is at least about MPa
  80. 80. The load-bearing osteoimplant produced by the method of Claim 77.
  81. 81. The osteoimplant of Claim 35 wherein bulk density is greater than about 1.0 g/cm3.
  82. 82. The osteoimplant of Claim 35 wherein wet compressive strength is at least about 15 MPa.
  83. 83. The osteoimplant of Claim 35 wherein the shaped compressed composition of bone particles is produced by applying a compressive force of greater than about 1000 psi to the composition.
  84. 84. The osteoimplant of Claim 35 wherein the shaped, compressed composition of bone particles is produced by applying a compressive force of from about 2,500 to about 60,000 psi to the composition.
  85. 85. The osteoimplant of Claim 65 wherein the shaped, compressed composition of elongate bone particles is produced by applying a compressive force of greater than about 1,000 psi to the composition.
    -~8-
  86. 86. The osteoimplant of Claim 65 wherein the shaped, compressed composition of elongate bone particles is produced by applying a compressive force of from about 2,500 to about 60,000 psi to the composition.
  87. 87. The method of Claim 68 wherein the shaped, compressed composition of bone particles is produced by applying a compressive force of greater than about 1000 psi to the composition.
  88. 88. The method of Claim 68 wherein the shaped, compressed composition of bone particles is produced by applying a compressive force of from about 2,500 to abort 60,000 psi to the composition.
  89. 89. The method of Claim 68 wherein bulk density is greater than about 1.0 g/cm3.
  90. 90. The method of Claim 68 wherein wet compressive strength is at least about MPa.
  91. 91. The osteoimplant of Claim 35 possessing a shape selected from the group consisting of a sheet, plate, disk, cone, pin, screw, tube, cup, tooth, tooth root, strut, wedge, cylinder, threaded cylinder and rod.
  92. 92. The method of Claim 68 wherein the repaired bone is selected from the group consisting of the eth~oid, frontal, nasal, occipital, parietal, temporal, mandible, maxilla, zygomatic, cervical vertebra, thoracic vertebra, lumbar vertebra, sacrum, rib, sternum, clavicle, scapula, humerus, radius, ulna, carpal bonus, metacarpal bones, phalanges, ilium, ischium, pubis, femur, tibia, fibula, patella, calcaneus, tarsal and metatarsal bones.
  93. 93. The osteoimplant of Claim 35, possessing macroporous holes.
  94. 94. The osteoimplant of Claim 93, wherein the macroporous holes contain, therein an osteogtenic material.
  95. 95. The method of Claim 1 wherein the bone particles are demineralized.
  96. 96. The osteoimplant if Claim 35 wherein the bone particles are demineralized.
  97. 97. The osteoimplant if Claim 65 including at least demineralized bone particles.
  98. 98. The method of Claim 68 wherein the bone particles are demineralized.
CA2363153A 1999-02-23 2000-02-22 Load-bearing osteoimplant, method for its manufacture and method of repairing bone using same Expired - Fee Related CA2363153C (en)

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