CA2346628A1 - Components for breathing circuits - Google Patents

Components for breathing circuits Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2346628A1
CA2346628A1 CA002346628A CA2346628A CA2346628A1 CA 2346628 A1 CA2346628 A1 CA 2346628A1 CA 002346628 A CA002346628 A CA 002346628A CA 2346628 A CA2346628 A CA 2346628A CA 2346628 A1 CA2346628 A1 CA 2346628A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
conduit
breathing circuit
circuit component
passage
wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002346628A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2346628C (en
Inventor
Daniel John Smith
Gavin Walsh Millar
Kevin Blake Powell
David Peter Baldwin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fisher and Paykel Healthcare Ltd
Original Assignee
Fisher and Paykel Appliances Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Fisher and Paykel Appliances Ltd filed Critical Fisher and Paykel Appliances Ltd
Priority to CA2697142A priority Critical patent/CA2697142C/en
Publication of CA2346628A1 publication Critical patent/CA2346628A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2346628C publication Critical patent/CA2346628C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/08—Bellows; Connecting tubes ; Water traps; Patient circuits
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/08—Bellows; Connecting tubes ; Water traps; Patient circuits
    • A61M16/0808—Condensation traps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/08—Bellows; Connecting tubes ; Water traps; Patient circuits
    • A61M16/0816—Joints or connectors
    • A61M16/0833—T- or Y-type connectors, e.g. Y-piece
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/08—Bellows; Connecting tubes ; Water traps; Patient circuits
    • A61M16/0875—Connecting tubes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/08—Bellows; Connecting tubes ; Water traps; Patient circuits
    • A61M16/0883—Circuit type
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A61M16/1045—Devices for humidifying or heating the inspired gas by using recovered moisture or heat from the expired gas
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A61M16/105—Filters
    • A61M16/106—Filters in a path
    • A61M16/1065—Filters in a path in the expiratory path
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0019—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with shaping by flattening, folding or bending
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/301—Extrusion nozzles or dies having reciprocating, oscillating or rotating parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/32—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/56—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally
    • B29C53/58—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically
    • B29C53/583—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically for making tubular articles with particular features
    • B29C53/585—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically for making tubular articles with particular features the cross-section varying along their axis, e.g. tapered, with ribs, or threads, with socket-ends
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/56—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally
    • B29C53/58—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically
    • B29C53/60—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically using internal forming surfaces, e.g. mandrels
    • B29C53/62—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically using internal forming surfaces, e.g. mandrels rotatable about the winding axis
    • B29C53/64—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically using internal forming surfaces, e.g. mandrels rotatable about the winding axis and moving axially
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/56—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally
    • B29C53/58—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically
    • B29C53/60—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically using internal forming surfaces, e.g. mandrels
    • B29C53/68—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically using internal forming surfaces, e.g. mandrels with rotatable winding feed member
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/56—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally
    • B29C53/58—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically
    • B29C53/60—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically using internal forming surfaces, e.g. mandrels
    • B29C53/68—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically using internal forming surfaces, e.g. mandrels with rotatable winding feed member
    • B29C53/70—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically using internal forming surfaces, e.g. mandrels with rotatable winding feed member and moving axially
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M39/00—Tubes, tube connectors, tube couplings, valves, access sites or the like, specially adapted for medical use
    • A61M39/08—Tubes; Storage means specially adapted therefor
    • A61M2039/082—Multi-lumen tubes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/75—General characteristics of the apparatus with filters
    • A61M2205/7536—General characteristics of the apparatus with filters allowing gas passage, but preventing liquid passage, e.g. liquophobic, hydrophobic, water-repellent membranes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2207/00—Methods of manufacture, assembly or production
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2207/00—Methods of manufacture, assembly or production
    • A61M2207/10—Device therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2230/00—Measuring parameters of the user
    • A61M2230/40—Respiratory characteristics
    • A61M2230/43—Composition of exhalation
    • A61M2230/432—Composition of exhalation partial CO2 pressure (P-CO2)
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M39/00—Tubes, tube connectors, tube couplings, valves, access sites or the like, specially adapted for medical use
    • A61M39/08—Tubes; Storage means specially adapted therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/04—Particle-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
    • B29L2023/005—Hoses, i.e. flexible
    • B29L2023/007—Medical tubes other than catheters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/753—Medical equipment; Accessories therefor

Abstract

A breathing circuit component includes an inlet, an outlet and an enclosing wall. The enclosing wall defines a gases passageway between the inlet and the outlet. At least a region of the enclosing wall is formed from a breathable material that allows the passage of water vapour without allowing the passage of liquid water or respiratory gases. The breathing circuit component may be the expiratory limb of a breathing circuit.

Claims (50)

1. A breathing circuit component including an inlet, an outlet and an enclosing wall defining a gases passageway between said inlet and said outlet, at least a region of said wall being of a material that allows the passage of water vapour without allowing the passage of liquid water or respiratory uses.
2. A breathing circuit component as claimed in claim 1 wherein said material is selected from:
(a) hydrophilic thermoplastics.
(b) perfluorinated polymers (c) woven treated fabrics.
3. A breathing circuit component as claimed in claim 1 wherein said material is a perfluorinated polymer membrane.
4. A breathing circuit component as claimed in claim 1 wherein said material is a hydrophilic polyester block copolymer.
5. A breathing circuit component as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein said gases passageway is a conduit and said region or regions is or are distributed over the length of said conduit.
6. A breathing circuit component as claimed in claim 5 wherein said region or regions are elongate and run at least a substantial part of the length of said conduit.
7. A breathing circuit component as claimed in claim 5 including a series of said regions spaced along the length of said conduit.
8. A breathing circuit component as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein said component is an expiratory limb for a breathing circuit.
9. A breathing circuit component as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein said component is a breathing circuit limb having both inspiratory and expiratory gases passageways, each having a respective inlet and outlet, said region or regions being in the wall of the expiratory conduit.
10. A breathing circuit component as claimed in claim 9 wherein one said gases passageways is defined by an inner conduit, said inner conduit is disposed substantially coaxially within an external surrounding conduit, and the other of said oases passageways is defined between the inner and outer conduits.
11. A breathing circuit component as claimed in claim 10 wherein the expiratory gases pathway is between the outer conduit and the inner conduit and the inspiratory flow path is within the inner conduit and said regions are in the wall of said inner conduit.
12. A breathing circuit component as claimed in claim 10 wherein the expiratory gases pathway is between the outer conduit and the inner conduit and the inspiratory flow path is within the inner conduit and said regions are in the wall of said outer conduit.
13. A breathing circuit component as claimed in claim 10 wherein the inspiratory flow path is between the outer conduit and the inner conduit and the expiratory flow path is within the inner conduit, and said regions are in the wall of said inner conduit.
14. A breathing circuit component as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein said component includes:
a short length of breathing conduit for connecting at one end to a patient interface component and at the other end to, directly or indirectly, the dual arms of a breathing circuit, a dividing partition extending for at least a substantial pan of the length of said breathing conduit and dividing, in cross section, said conduit into a plurality of gases passageways, at least one of:
an inspiratory flow director for directing at least the bulk of an inspiratory air flow to a first selection of said passageways, and an expiratory flow director for directing at Least the bulk of an expiratory flow to a second selection of said passageways, said second selection being exclusive of said first selection, and said region or regions are located in the walls defining said expiratory gases passageway.
15. A breathing circuit component as claimed in claim 14 wherein said partition comprises an inner conduit coaxial with said breathing conduit, freely suspended to be substantially coaxial with said breathing conduit.
16. A breathing circuit component as claimed in either claim 14 or claim 15 wherein said first selection of passages at least substantially surrounds said second selection of passages, and said breathing conduit is insulated from ambient conditions on its outer surface.
17. A breathing circuit component as claimed in either claim 14 or claim 15 wherein said second selection of passages at least substantially surrounds said first selection of passages, and said breathing conduit includes at least a region of said wall being of a material that allows the passage of water vapour without allowing the passage of liquid water or respiratory gases.
18. A breathing circuit component as claimed in claim any one of claims 14 to wherein said inspiratory flow of director and/or said expiratory flow director comprises flow influencing barriers or baffles at either end of said breathing tube.
19. A breathing circuit component as claimed in any one of claims 14 to 17 wherein at least one of said flow directors is a valve operated by the prevailing gasses pressures.
20. A breathing circuit component as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein said component is a dedicated water vapour exchanger including an inspiratory gases pathway and an expiratory gases pathway having a common wall therebetween, said common wall including one or more breathable regions.
21. A breathing circuit component as claimed in any one of claims 5. 6, 8, 10 to 13, 15 and 17 wherein said conduit including said regions is extruded.
22. A breathing circuit component as claimed in claim 21 wherein wherein the entire of said extruded tube is of a material that allows the passage of water vapour without allowing the passage of liquid water or respiratory gases.
23. A component for a breathing circuit as claimed in claim 21 wherein said regions of a material that allows the passage of water vapour without allowing the passage of liquid water or respiratory gases are one or more longitudinal strips running the complete length of said conduit.
24. A breathing circuit component as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein said conduit includes at least one helically wound polymer tape or strip, part or all of said strip being of a material that allows the passage of water vapour without allowing the passage of liquid water or respiratory gases, respective edges of adjacent turns of said strip being adjoining or overlapping and bonded.
25. A breathing circuit component as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein said conduit includes at least one longitudinal strip. part or all of said strip being of a material that allows the passage of water vapour without allowing the passage of liquid water or respiratory gases, said strip or snips extending parallel to the axis of said conduit, edges of said strip or strips adjoining or overlapping to form an enclosed tube and bonded.
26. A breathing circuit component as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein said conduit is a blown film tube of a material that allows the passage of water vapour without allowing the passage of liquid water or respiratory gases.
27. A breathing circuit component as claimed in any one of claims 24 to 25 including lateral reinforcement against crushing.
28. A breathing circuit component as claimed in claim 27 wherein said lateral reinforcement includes a plurality of annular corrugations. whether discrete annular rings or one or more helical corrugations, distributed over the length of said conduit.
29. A breathing circuit component as claimed in claim 27 wherein said lateral reinforcement is a helical bead or a series of annular ring beads or ribs distributed over the length of said conduit.
30. A breathing circuit component as claimed in claim 24 including lateral reinforcement against crushing wherein said lateral reinforcement is a helical bead disposed over said adjoining or overlapping edges between turns of strip.
31. A breathing circuit component as claimed in claim 27 wherein said lateral reinforcement is a skeletal reinforcing structure within said conduit.
32. A breathing circuit component as claimed in claims 24 to 29 and 31 wherein said conduit includes longitudinal reinforcement against longitudinal stretching of said conduit.
33. A breathing circuit component as claimed in claim 30 wherein said conduit includes longitudinal reinforcement against longitudinal stretching of said conduit
34. A breathing circuit component claim 32 wherein said longitudinal reinforcement includes a plurality of longitudinally extending threads spaced around the perimeter of the conduit wall, each said thread aligned substantially parallel with the overall axis of said tube.
35. A breathing circuit component as claimed in claim 33 wherein said longitudinal reinforcement includes a plurality of longitudinally extending threads spaced around the perimeter of the conduit wall, each said thread aligned substantially parallel with the overall axis of said tube and said threads are supported away from said conduit wall by said helical bead.
36. A breathing circuit component as claimed in claim 35 wherein said thread is bonded to said bead at crossings of said bead, and spans the gaps between adjacent turns of said bead.
37. A breathing circuit component as claimed in either claim 35 or claim 36 wherein said longitudinal reinforcement includes an outer sheath disposed about said conduit and supported on said bead.
38. A breathing circuit component as claimed in claim 37 wherein said outer sheath includes at least regions which are of a material that allows the passage of water vapour without allowing the passage of liquid water or respiratory gases.
39. A breathing circuit component as claimed in claim 37 wherein said outer sheath has a plurality of holes or apertures therethrough.
40. A breathing circuit component as claimed in any one of claims 33, 35 and wherein said longitudinal reinforcement includes an outer sheath disposed about said conduit and bonded with said conduit wall.
41. A breathing circuit component as claimed in claim 40 wherein said outer sheath is bonded to said conduit wall by action of a helical bead.
42. A breathing circuit component as claimed in claim 37, claim 40 or claim 41 wherein said outer sheath includes a plurality of longitudinally extending polymer threads, either parallel with the axis of said conduit or braided about said conduit.
43. A breathing circuit component as claimed in any one of claims 29and 33 to including a further wall of a material that allows the passage of water vapour without allowing the passage of liquid water or respiratory gases is spaced from said first wall by at least said helical bead.
44. A breathing circuit component as claimed in any one of claims 29 and 33 to wherein where said longitudinal reinforcement is supported on said bead from said first wall, a second bead is disposed over said first bead. and said longitudinal reinforcement is held between said first and second beads.
45. A breathing circuit component as claimed in claim 44 including a further said wall of a material that allows the passage of water vapour without allowing the passage of liquid water or respiratory gases disposed on the outer surface of said second bead.
46. A breathing circuit component as claimed in claim 44 including a further said conduit wall of a material that allows the passage of water vapour without allowing the passage of liquid water or respiratory gases adjacent said longitudinal reinforcement and between said first and second beads.
47. Apparatus for forming a breathing circuit conduit comprising:
a former, onto which a tube wall can be deposited and which advances said deposited tube wall in an advance axis and rotates said deposited tube wall about said advance direction, the speed of said advance and the speed of said rotation together defining a pitch, at least one film laying head which deposits a film on said former, the combined width of said film deposited by said film laying heads being wider than said pitch such that adjacent turns of laid film overlap to form an overlap seam, a bead laying head for each said film laying head, each said bead laying head laying a reinforcing bead on an overlap seam, an axial thread laying head, said thread laying head fitted over and around said former and carrying a plurality of thread feeds, each thread feed allowing the drawing of a thread from a reserve, and a rotator to rotate said axial thread laying head at substantially the same speed as the expected rotation speed of said tube.
48. Apparatus as claimed in claim 47 wherein, in said advance direction, said bead laying head precedes said thread laying head.
49. Apparatus as claimed in claim 47 wherein, in said advance direction, said bead laying head succeeds said thread laying head.
50. Apparatus as claimed in claim 49 including at least one, but less than the number of said bead laying heads, reinforcement laying head, between said thread laying head and said bead laying head in said advance direction. said reinforcement laying head depositing a mesh tape onto said former, the combined width of said mesh tapes deposited by said mesh laying heads being greater than said pitch.
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