CA2341228C - Sizing catheter for measuring septal defects - Google Patents
Sizing catheter for measuring septal defects Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2341228C CA2341228C CA002341228A CA2341228A CA2341228C CA 2341228 C CA2341228 C CA 2341228C CA 002341228 A CA002341228 A CA 002341228A CA 2341228 A CA2341228 A CA 2341228A CA 2341228 C CA2341228 C CA 2341228C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- tubular shaft
- dilation balloon
- balloon
- opening
- sizing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/10—Balloon catheters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/107—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof
- A61B5/1076—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof for measuring dimensions inside body cavities, e.g. using catheters
Abstract
This invention is a sizing catheter (10), and method of measuring a preselected internal opening within a patient to provide a rapid, precise determination of a stretched diameter of the preselected internal opening. The sizing catheter (10) includes a dilation balloon (26) constructed of a thin expandable plastic which is inflatable, and is utilized to determine a size of the preselected opening. The dilation balloon (26) is inflated to an inflation threshold, wherein the dilation balloon (26) deforms about the preselected opening, and the size of the dilation balloon (26) adjacent the preselected opening approximates a stretched diameter of the preselected opening. The sizing catheter (10), and method may be utilized to determine an appropriate sized occluding device to thereby occlude the preselected opening.
Description
2 -1- PCT/US99/17406 SIZING CATHETER FOR MEASURING SEPTAL DEFECTS
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION.
I. FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to a device and non-surgical method for determining the size of an internal opening within a patient. More particularly, the present invention relates to a sizing catheter and method of using the same, wherein the sizing catheter may be utilized to determine the stretched diameter of an internal passage within a patient.
The sizing catheter of the present invention is particularly well suited for determining the stretched diameter of a defect, such as a septal defect, within the heart of a patient. Once the stretched diameter of the defect is known, a properly sized occluding device may be selected and positioned within the opening of the defect.
II. DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART
Over the years various medical devices, including stents and occluders, have been developed for placement within a preselected internal passage, opening, or defect of a patient.
Complex devices may be delivered and used in treating specific abnormal conditions, such as devices used in removing vascular occlusions or devices used in treating septal defects and the like. Through advancement in a variety of devices, stents and occluders may be delivered non-surgically. Certain intravascular devices, such as catheters and guide wires, may he used to deliver certain medical devices to a specific location within a patient's heart, for example_ Further, a catheter may be used to reach a selected coronary artery within the vascular system or a catheter and/or guidewire may be used to deliver a device to an interior chamber of the patient's heart.
Prior to delivering the particular medical device, the size of the intennal passage, opening or defect must be detem~ined in order that an appropriately sized device may be provided. Further, determination of the "stretched diameter" of the opening or defect is desirable to provide a preferred fit between the medical device and the surrounding tissue. In the past, physicians have utilized a balloon catheter in an attempt to determine the size of the internal opening or defect. Typically, the physician will position the balloon within the opening and slowly inflate the balloon, pushing or pulling the balloon of the catheter fore or aft until the physician feels resistance against the balloon. The size of the balloon corresponding with the size of the opening is then determined. The technique of pulling or WO 00/10452 _2_ PCT/US99/17406 pushing a balloon catheter through the opening or defect is unreliable and does not determine the size of the opening when the surrounding tissue is stretched.
A balloon catheter and a calibrated guidewire having radiopaque regions of known length, may be utilized by a physician during a preliminary fluoroscopic procedure to estimate the defect's size, shape and thickness of the septal wall near the defect.
Although useful, the defects exact size when stretched and the shape cannot be determined, thereby increasing the possibility of leakage around the device.
Echocardiography has also been used to estimate the diameter of the opening or defect, however, echo measurements are always significantly smaller than the "stretched diameter". The differences between echo measurements and stretched diameters may range between 2mm to 10. Smm. It has been suggested that the stretched diameter can be estimated fiom echo measurements by multiplying 1.05 times the echo measurement and then adding 5.49. Although this formula may prove sufficient in some cases, differences of up to 4.Smm between the actual stretched diameter and the estimated diameter from this formula have been observed. The errors in echo measurements can be explained by the fact that most communications are not perfectly round whereas the balloon transforms the deformed communication into a round struchue. If a device is selected which is too small, the dsk of embolization and residual shunting increases significantly. On the other hand, if the device is too large, the device may not fit properly within the opening or defect.
Other methods have been described for determining the size of the internal opening utilizing a balloon catheter. For example, Taheri et al. in U.S. Patent No.
5,591,195 describes a sizing catheter, wherein the pressure within an inflatable balloon is measured. Taheri et al.
teaches that when the balloon makes contact with a vessel to be measured, the pressure within the balloon increases. The size of the balloon may then be determined from a chart of known balloon pressures and diameters. As seen in Figure 9, the pressure within the balloon may vary even though the actual diameter being measured remains the same. A need therefore exists for a device that can determine the stretched diameter of an internal passage, opening or defect. The present invention meets these and other needs which will become apparent to those skilled in the art.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for WO 00/10452 .3_ PCTNS99/1740b determining the nominal and/or "stretched diameter" of an internal opening or defect within a patient. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the device and method of the present invention may be utilized to determine the s'~ze of any of several defects, passages, or internal openings within a patient. For ease of discussion, and without any limitation intended, the S device and method of the present invention will be described in conjunction with determining the stretched diameter of a septal defect within the heart of a patient.
The device and method of the present invention may be utilized in conjunction with radiology, fluoroscopy, echocardiography, and/or other known suitable means for viewing the distal end of a catheter positioned within a patient's heart. The sizing catheter of the present invention includes a tubular shaft having a longitudinal axis extending between a proximal end and a distal end of the tubular shaft. The tubular shaft has one or more lumens formed within the tubular shaft, wherein the lumens are adapted for receiving, for example, a guidewire, device, pressurized fluid, etc. One of the lumens extends between the proximal end and a region short of the distal end of the tubular shaft and tenminates into a series of ports I S extending through the tubular shaft from the lumen to an outer surface of the tubular shaft.
The series of ports may be aligned in a spiral fashion around the circumference of the tubular shaft. An elongated dilation balloon is affixed to the tubular shaft proximate the distal end of the tubular shaft and encloses the series of ports.
The dilation balloon is constructed of a thin expandable plastic having an inflation threshold which corresponds with the stretchability of the tissue of the defect. In use, when the dilation balloon is positioned within the predetermined opening and inflated, the dilation balloon resists deformation up to the inflation threshold, thereby causing the tissue surrounding the opening to stretch. Once the inflation threshold is reached, the dilation balloon deforms about the predetermined opening, such that a noticeable waist of the balloon 2S is formed adjacent the predetermined opening. Markings on the distal end of the catheter having known separation distances may be utilized to determine a size of the dilation balloon adjacent the predetermined opening, thereby assisting in the determination of the stretched diameter of the predetermined opening.
Alternatively, when the inflation threshold is reached and the dilation balloon deforms, the pressure within the dilation balloon may be noted. The catheter may then be removed from the heart and the distal end inserted in a template having apertures of known dimension.
The balloon may then be inflated to the noted pressure within an aperture estimated to be larger than the stretched diameter of the septa) defect. If the balloon deforms, the selected aperture in the template may approximate the stretched diameter of the septa) defect. The next size larger aperture may be tested to verify that the balloon does not deform in this larger aperture. If the balloon does not deform in the first selected aperture, then the next smaller aperture in the template is selected and the balloon is inflated to the noted pressure. If the balloon deforms in this aperture, the dimension of the aperture corresponds with the stretched diameter of the opening. This procedure is repeated until the balloon deforms within an aperture at the noted pressure. In this manner, the stretched diameter of the defect or passage may be determined.
In order to increase the likelihood that the distal end of the catheter extends through the defect pezpendicular to the plane of the defect, the distal end of the tubular shaft may be preset with a 45 degree bend relative to the longitudinal axis of the tubular shaft. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that an angulation of 45 degrees relative to the longitudinal axis of the tubular shaft is preferable because the average atria) septum of the heart has a 45 degree inclination. Also, such orientation is preferrable when using the radiopaque markings to estimate distances and sizes within the heart.
OBJECTS
It is accordingly a principal object of the present invention to provide a device and method for non-evasively determining the size of a stretched internal passage or defect.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a device suitable for use in determining a properly sized occluding device for use occluding a defect.
These and other objects, as well as these and other features and advantages of the present invention wiD become readily apparent to those skilled in the art from a review of the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying claims and drawings in which like numerals in the several views refer to corresponding parts.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a sizing catheter of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a partial sectional end elevations) view of the catheter body of the present invemion;
WO 00/10452 -5_ PCT/US99117406 Figure 3 is a fragmented perspective view of the distal end of the sizing catheter of the present invention;
Figure 4 is a fragmented perspective view of the distal end of the sizing catheter of the type shown in Figure 3 with the balloon inflated;
Figure 5 is a fragmented perspective view of the distal end of the sizing catheter of the type shown in Figure 3 with the balloon inflated and positioned within an aperture of a sizing template;
Figure 6 is a fragmented perspective view of the distal end of the sizing catheter of the type shown in Figure 3 with the balloon inflated and positioned within a septal defect of a heart; and Figure 7 is a chart demonstrating differences in the accuracy of determining the inflated size of the balloon of the sizing catheter of the present invention for several measuring means.
Referring first to Figure 1 there is shown generally a sizing catheter 10 for measuring the size of a passage, opening, or defect. The sizing catheter 10 includes a tubular shaft 12 having a longitudinal axis extending between a proximal end 14 and a distal end 16 and includes a Frst and second lumen 18 and 20 formed therein. The proximal end includes a guidewire connector 22 and pressure valve assembly 24 coupled thereto. Without any limitation intended, in the preferred embodiment the first lumen 18 is adapted for receiving a guidewire (not shown) therein. The second lumen 20 is formed within the tubular shaft 12 and extends between the proximal end 14 of the tubular shaft 12 to a region short of the distal end 16 and terminates into a series of ports 28 extending through the tubular shaft 12 from the lumen 20 to an outer surface of the tubular shaft 12 (see Figure 2). An elongated dilation balloon 26 is affixed to the tubular shaft 12 proximate the distal end of the tubular shaft and encloses the series of ports 28 (see Figure 3). The second lumen 20 serves as a conduit between the balloon 26 and a means of known suitable construction for increasing the pressure within lumen 20 which is coupled to the pressure valve assembly 24. The first lumen 18 of the sizing catheter 10 may be sized for passage over a 0.035 inch guidewire, leaving room for a relatively large second lumen 20 for rapid inflation and deflation of the balloon 26.
The dilation balloon 26 is constNCted of a thin expandable plastic having an inflation threshold, such that when the dilation balloon 26 is positioned and inflated within a WO 00/10452 .~ PCT/US99/17406 predetermined opening, the dilation balloon resists deformation up to the inflation threshold.
Without any limitation intended, in the preferred embodiment the tubular shaft may be constructed of a known suitable radiopaque nylon based polymer composite and the balloon 26 may be constructed ofa 2 mil thick expandable polymer such as a polyurethane membrane.
Once the dilation threshold is reached, the dilation balloon 26 deforms about the predetermined opening. A size of the dilation balloon adjacent the predetermined opening approximates a stretched diameter of the predetermined opening.
Referring to Figure 4, the distal end 16 of the sizing catheter 10 is shown.
Radiopaque markings 36 of known suitable construction may be axed or formed on the tubular shaft 12 proximate the dilation balloon 26. The distal end 16 of the tubular shaft 12 is bent at a 45 degree angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the tubular shaft. In this manner the longitudinal axis of the distal end 16 of the sizing catheter 10 may be positioned perpendicular to the plane of the predetermined opening.
Referring to Figure 5, the distal end 16 of the sizing catheter 10 is shown positioned within an aperture 32 of template 30 with the balloon 26 inflated above the inflation threshold.
Various sized apertures 32 of known dimension are formed in the template 30.
As further described below, the pressure within.the balloon inflated to the inflation threshold varies depending upon the size of the aperture 32.
Having described the constructional features of the present invention, the mode of use will next be described in conjunction with Figures 6 and 7. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the device and method of the present invention may be utilized to determine the size of any of several defects, passages, or internal openings within a patient, however, for ease of discussion, and without any limitation intended, the mode of use will be described in conjunction with determining the stretched diameter of a septal defect within the heart of a patient. In the preferred embodiment, although it may not be necessary, prior to inserting the catheter within the patient, the balloon 26 is inflated with carbon dioxide and then all gases are aspirated from the second lumen 20.
After the hemodynamic data of the patient is obtained, an introducing catheter is passed through the atrial communication into one of the left pulmonary veins and an exchange guidewire is introduced. The introducing catheter and sheath are then removed and the sizing catheter 10 is passed over the exchange guidewire directly through the skin.
To facilitate this percutaneous entry, an assistant applies forceful negative pressure with an attached syringe.
Under fluoroscopic and echocardiographic guidance, the distal end 16 of the sizing catheter 10 is positioned across the defect. The balloon 26 is then inflated with diluted contrast medium until a waist can be observed (the inflation threshold is reached) and/or left-to-right shunting ceases as observed by Doppler echocardiography. The diameter of the balloon 26 adjacent the defect may then be determined by many of several known means including echocardiography or radiology. Referring to the chart shown in Figure 7, it is anticipated that echo measurements will suffice, however, x-ray measurements can be added. Further, if desired, the sizing catheter 10 may be removed, and positioned within various apertures of template 30. The balloon is re-inflated with the same known amount of contrast medium, and it may be determined which aperture corresponds with the same deformation of the balloon 26 observed within the defect. Once the stretched diameter of the septal defect is determined, a properly sized occluding device may be selected positioned within the defect.
This invention has been described herein in considerable detail in order to comply with the Patent Statutes and to provide those skilled in the art with the information needed to apply the novel principles and to construct and use embodiments of the example as required.
However, it is to be understood that the invention can be carried out by specifically different devices and that various modifications can be accomplished without departing from.the scope of the invention itself.
What is claimed is:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION.
I. FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to a device and non-surgical method for determining the size of an internal opening within a patient. More particularly, the present invention relates to a sizing catheter and method of using the same, wherein the sizing catheter may be utilized to determine the stretched diameter of an internal passage within a patient.
The sizing catheter of the present invention is particularly well suited for determining the stretched diameter of a defect, such as a septal defect, within the heart of a patient. Once the stretched diameter of the defect is known, a properly sized occluding device may be selected and positioned within the opening of the defect.
II. DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART
Over the years various medical devices, including stents and occluders, have been developed for placement within a preselected internal passage, opening, or defect of a patient.
Complex devices may be delivered and used in treating specific abnormal conditions, such as devices used in removing vascular occlusions or devices used in treating septal defects and the like. Through advancement in a variety of devices, stents and occluders may be delivered non-surgically. Certain intravascular devices, such as catheters and guide wires, may he used to deliver certain medical devices to a specific location within a patient's heart, for example_ Further, a catheter may be used to reach a selected coronary artery within the vascular system or a catheter and/or guidewire may be used to deliver a device to an interior chamber of the patient's heart.
Prior to delivering the particular medical device, the size of the intennal passage, opening or defect must be detem~ined in order that an appropriately sized device may be provided. Further, determination of the "stretched diameter" of the opening or defect is desirable to provide a preferred fit between the medical device and the surrounding tissue. In the past, physicians have utilized a balloon catheter in an attempt to determine the size of the internal opening or defect. Typically, the physician will position the balloon within the opening and slowly inflate the balloon, pushing or pulling the balloon of the catheter fore or aft until the physician feels resistance against the balloon. The size of the balloon corresponding with the size of the opening is then determined. The technique of pulling or WO 00/10452 _2_ PCT/US99/17406 pushing a balloon catheter through the opening or defect is unreliable and does not determine the size of the opening when the surrounding tissue is stretched.
A balloon catheter and a calibrated guidewire having radiopaque regions of known length, may be utilized by a physician during a preliminary fluoroscopic procedure to estimate the defect's size, shape and thickness of the septal wall near the defect.
Although useful, the defects exact size when stretched and the shape cannot be determined, thereby increasing the possibility of leakage around the device.
Echocardiography has also been used to estimate the diameter of the opening or defect, however, echo measurements are always significantly smaller than the "stretched diameter". The differences between echo measurements and stretched diameters may range between 2mm to 10. Smm. It has been suggested that the stretched diameter can be estimated fiom echo measurements by multiplying 1.05 times the echo measurement and then adding 5.49. Although this formula may prove sufficient in some cases, differences of up to 4.Smm between the actual stretched diameter and the estimated diameter from this formula have been observed. The errors in echo measurements can be explained by the fact that most communications are not perfectly round whereas the balloon transforms the deformed communication into a round struchue. If a device is selected which is too small, the dsk of embolization and residual shunting increases significantly. On the other hand, if the device is too large, the device may not fit properly within the opening or defect.
Other methods have been described for determining the size of the internal opening utilizing a balloon catheter. For example, Taheri et al. in U.S. Patent No.
5,591,195 describes a sizing catheter, wherein the pressure within an inflatable balloon is measured. Taheri et al.
teaches that when the balloon makes contact with a vessel to be measured, the pressure within the balloon increases. The size of the balloon may then be determined from a chart of known balloon pressures and diameters. As seen in Figure 9, the pressure within the balloon may vary even though the actual diameter being measured remains the same. A need therefore exists for a device that can determine the stretched diameter of an internal passage, opening or defect. The present invention meets these and other needs which will become apparent to those skilled in the art.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for WO 00/10452 .3_ PCTNS99/1740b determining the nominal and/or "stretched diameter" of an internal opening or defect within a patient. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the device and method of the present invention may be utilized to determine the s'~ze of any of several defects, passages, or internal openings within a patient. For ease of discussion, and without any limitation intended, the S device and method of the present invention will be described in conjunction with determining the stretched diameter of a septal defect within the heart of a patient.
The device and method of the present invention may be utilized in conjunction with radiology, fluoroscopy, echocardiography, and/or other known suitable means for viewing the distal end of a catheter positioned within a patient's heart. The sizing catheter of the present invention includes a tubular shaft having a longitudinal axis extending between a proximal end and a distal end of the tubular shaft. The tubular shaft has one or more lumens formed within the tubular shaft, wherein the lumens are adapted for receiving, for example, a guidewire, device, pressurized fluid, etc. One of the lumens extends between the proximal end and a region short of the distal end of the tubular shaft and tenminates into a series of ports I S extending through the tubular shaft from the lumen to an outer surface of the tubular shaft.
The series of ports may be aligned in a spiral fashion around the circumference of the tubular shaft. An elongated dilation balloon is affixed to the tubular shaft proximate the distal end of the tubular shaft and encloses the series of ports.
The dilation balloon is constructed of a thin expandable plastic having an inflation threshold which corresponds with the stretchability of the tissue of the defect. In use, when the dilation balloon is positioned within the predetermined opening and inflated, the dilation balloon resists deformation up to the inflation threshold, thereby causing the tissue surrounding the opening to stretch. Once the inflation threshold is reached, the dilation balloon deforms about the predetermined opening, such that a noticeable waist of the balloon 2S is formed adjacent the predetermined opening. Markings on the distal end of the catheter having known separation distances may be utilized to determine a size of the dilation balloon adjacent the predetermined opening, thereby assisting in the determination of the stretched diameter of the predetermined opening.
Alternatively, when the inflation threshold is reached and the dilation balloon deforms, the pressure within the dilation balloon may be noted. The catheter may then be removed from the heart and the distal end inserted in a template having apertures of known dimension.
The balloon may then be inflated to the noted pressure within an aperture estimated to be larger than the stretched diameter of the septa) defect. If the balloon deforms, the selected aperture in the template may approximate the stretched diameter of the septa) defect. The next size larger aperture may be tested to verify that the balloon does not deform in this larger aperture. If the balloon does not deform in the first selected aperture, then the next smaller aperture in the template is selected and the balloon is inflated to the noted pressure. If the balloon deforms in this aperture, the dimension of the aperture corresponds with the stretched diameter of the opening. This procedure is repeated until the balloon deforms within an aperture at the noted pressure. In this manner, the stretched diameter of the defect or passage may be determined.
In order to increase the likelihood that the distal end of the catheter extends through the defect pezpendicular to the plane of the defect, the distal end of the tubular shaft may be preset with a 45 degree bend relative to the longitudinal axis of the tubular shaft. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that an angulation of 45 degrees relative to the longitudinal axis of the tubular shaft is preferable because the average atria) septum of the heart has a 45 degree inclination. Also, such orientation is preferrable when using the radiopaque markings to estimate distances and sizes within the heart.
OBJECTS
It is accordingly a principal object of the present invention to provide a device and method for non-evasively determining the size of a stretched internal passage or defect.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a device suitable for use in determining a properly sized occluding device for use occluding a defect.
These and other objects, as well as these and other features and advantages of the present invention wiD become readily apparent to those skilled in the art from a review of the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying claims and drawings in which like numerals in the several views refer to corresponding parts.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a sizing catheter of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a partial sectional end elevations) view of the catheter body of the present invemion;
WO 00/10452 -5_ PCT/US99117406 Figure 3 is a fragmented perspective view of the distal end of the sizing catheter of the present invention;
Figure 4 is a fragmented perspective view of the distal end of the sizing catheter of the type shown in Figure 3 with the balloon inflated;
Figure 5 is a fragmented perspective view of the distal end of the sizing catheter of the type shown in Figure 3 with the balloon inflated and positioned within an aperture of a sizing template;
Figure 6 is a fragmented perspective view of the distal end of the sizing catheter of the type shown in Figure 3 with the balloon inflated and positioned within a septal defect of a heart; and Figure 7 is a chart demonstrating differences in the accuracy of determining the inflated size of the balloon of the sizing catheter of the present invention for several measuring means.
Referring first to Figure 1 there is shown generally a sizing catheter 10 for measuring the size of a passage, opening, or defect. The sizing catheter 10 includes a tubular shaft 12 having a longitudinal axis extending between a proximal end 14 and a distal end 16 and includes a Frst and second lumen 18 and 20 formed therein. The proximal end includes a guidewire connector 22 and pressure valve assembly 24 coupled thereto. Without any limitation intended, in the preferred embodiment the first lumen 18 is adapted for receiving a guidewire (not shown) therein. The second lumen 20 is formed within the tubular shaft 12 and extends between the proximal end 14 of the tubular shaft 12 to a region short of the distal end 16 and terminates into a series of ports 28 extending through the tubular shaft 12 from the lumen 20 to an outer surface of the tubular shaft 12 (see Figure 2). An elongated dilation balloon 26 is affixed to the tubular shaft 12 proximate the distal end of the tubular shaft and encloses the series of ports 28 (see Figure 3). The second lumen 20 serves as a conduit between the balloon 26 and a means of known suitable construction for increasing the pressure within lumen 20 which is coupled to the pressure valve assembly 24. The first lumen 18 of the sizing catheter 10 may be sized for passage over a 0.035 inch guidewire, leaving room for a relatively large second lumen 20 for rapid inflation and deflation of the balloon 26.
The dilation balloon 26 is constNCted of a thin expandable plastic having an inflation threshold, such that when the dilation balloon 26 is positioned and inflated within a WO 00/10452 .~ PCT/US99/17406 predetermined opening, the dilation balloon resists deformation up to the inflation threshold.
Without any limitation intended, in the preferred embodiment the tubular shaft may be constructed of a known suitable radiopaque nylon based polymer composite and the balloon 26 may be constructed ofa 2 mil thick expandable polymer such as a polyurethane membrane.
Once the dilation threshold is reached, the dilation balloon 26 deforms about the predetermined opening. A size of the dilation balloon adjacent the predetermined opening approximates a stretched diameter of the predetermined opening.
Referring to Figure 4, the distal end 16 of the sizing catheter 10 is shown.
Radiopaque markings 36 of known suitable construction may be axed or formed on the tubular shaft 12 proximate the dilation balloon 26. The distal end 16 of the tubular shaft 12 is bent at a 45 degree angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the tubular shaft. In this manner the longitudinal axis of the distal end 16 of the sizing catheter 10 may be positioned perpendicular to the plane of the predetermined opening.
Referring to Figure 5, the distal end 16 of the sizing catheter 10 is shown positioned within an aperture 32 of template 30 with the balloon 26 inflated above the inflation threshold.
Various sized apertures 32 of known dimension are formed in the template 30.
As further described below, the pressure within.the balloon inflated to the inflation threshold varies depending upon the size of the aperture 32.
Having described the constructional features of the present invention, the mode of use will next be described in conjunction with Figures 6 and 7. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the device and method of the present invention may be utilized to determine the size of any of several defects, passages, or internal openings within a patient, however, for ease of discussion, and without any limitation intended, the mode of use will be described in conjunction with determining the stretched diameter of a septal defect within the heart of a patient. In the preferred embodiment, although it may not be necessary, prior to inserting the catheter within the patient, the balloon 26 is inflated with carbon dioxide and then all gases are aspirated from the second lumen 20.
After the hemodynamic data of the patient is obtained, an introducing catheter is passed through the atrial communication into one of the left pulmonary veins and an exchange guidewire is introduced. The introducing catheter and sheath are then removed and the sizing catheter 10 is passed over the exchange guidewire directly through the skin.
To facilitate this percutaneous entry, an assistant applies forceful negative pressure with an attached syringe.
Under fluoroscopic and echocardiographic guidance, the distal end 16 of the sizing catheter 10 is positioned across the defect. The balloon 26 is then inflated with diluted contrast medium until a waist can be observed (the inflation threshold is reached) and/or left-to-right shunting ceases as observed by Doppler echocardiography. The diameter of the balloon 26 adjacent the defect may then be determined by many of several known means including echocardiography or radiology. Referring to the chart shown in Figure 7, it is anticipated that echo measurements will suffice, however, x-ray measurements can be added. Further, if desired, the sizing catheter 10 may be removed, and positioned within various apertures of template 30. The balloon is re-inflated with the same known amount of contrast medium, and it may be determined which aperture corresponds with the same deformation of the balloon 26 observed within the defect. Once the stretched diameter of the septal defect is determined, a properly sized occluding device may be selected positioned within the defect.
This invention has been described herein in considerable detail in order to comply with the Patent Statutes and to provide those skilled in the art with the information needed to apply the novel principles and to construct and use embodiments of the example as required.
However, it is to be understood that the invention can be carried out by specifically different devices and that various modifications can be accomplished without departing from.the scope of the invention itself.
What is claimed is:
Claims (9)
1. A sizing catheter for measuring the size of an intracardiac opening, said sizing catheter including: a tubular shaft having a longitudinal axis extending between a proximal end and a distal end thereof; said tubular shaft further having a lumen extending between the proximal end and a region short of the distal end and terminating into a series of ports extending through the tubular shaft from the lumen to an outer surface of the tubular shaft, where an elongated dilation balloon affixed to the tubular shaft proximate the distal end of the tubular shaft encloses the series of ports, said dilation balloon being constructed of a thin expandable plastic and having an inflation threshold, wherein when the dilation balloon is positioned within the predetermined opening and inflated, said dilation balloon resists deformation up to the inflation threshold such that when the inflation threshold is reached the dilation balloon deforms about the predetermined opening and a size of the dilation balloon adjacent the predetermined opening approximates a stretched diameter of the predetermined opening.
2. The sizing catheter as recited in claim 1, further including radiopaque markings affixed to the tubular shaft proximate the dilation balloon.
3. The sizing catheter as recited in claim 1, wherein the distal end of the tubular shaft is bent at a 45 degree angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the tubular shaft.
4. The sizing catheter as recited in claim 1, wherein the dilation balloon is constructed of an expandable polymer.
5. The sizing catheter as recited in claim 1, wherein the dilation balloon is constructed of polyurethane.
6. The sizing catheter as recited in claim 1, wherein the series of ports are aligned in a spiral fashion around the circumference of the tubular shaft.
7. Use of sizing means in assessing the diameter of a preselected intra-cardiac opening within a patient, the sizing means including an elongated dilation balloon made of a thin expandable plastic exhibiting an inflation threshold and con-structed to inflate to approximate a stretched diameter of the opening, the sizing means also including viewing means for use in viewing a position of the dilation balloon within the patient and noting when the inflation threshold of the balloon is reached.
8. Use as recited in claim 7, wherein said sizing means further include markers for use in determining a thickness dimension of the opening.
9. Use as recited in claim 7 or 8, wherein the viewing means is for con-current use with echography.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/137,949 | 1998-08-21 | ||
| US09/137,949 US6241678B1 (en) | 1998-08-21 | 1998-08-21 | Sizing catheter for measuring septal defects |
| PCT/US1999/017406 WO2000010452A1 (en) | 1998-08-21 | 1999-07-30 | Sizing catheter for measuring septal defects |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2341228A1 CA2341228A1 (en) | 2000-03-02 |
| CA2341228C true CA2341228C (en) | 2005-10-11 |
Family
ID=22479757
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002341228A Expired - Lifetime CA2341228C (en) | 1998-08-21 | 1999-07-30 | Sizing catheter for measuring septal defects |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6241678B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1113751B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3643309B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100428820B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1170508C (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE357181T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU752585B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2341228C (en) |
| CY (1) | CY1106536T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69935601T2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK1113751T3 (en) |
| EA (1) | EA002415B1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2285858T3 (en) |
| HK (1) | HK1037945A1 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT1113751E (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000010452A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (68)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6210338B1 (en) * | 1998-08-21 | 2001-04-03 | Aga Medical Corp. | Sizing catheter for measuring cardiovascular structures |
| US7056294B2 (en) * | 2000-04-13 | 2006-06-06 | Ev3 Sunnyvale, Inc | Method and apparatus for accessing the left atrial appendage |
| US7338514B2 (en) | 2001-06-01 | 2008-03-04 | St. Jude Medical, Cardiology Division, Inc. | Closure devices, related delivery methods and tools, and related methods of use |
| US20030050648A1 (en) | 2001-09-11 | 2003-03-13 | Spiration, Inc. | Removable lung reduction devices, systems, and methods |
| US6596013B2 (en) | 2001-09-20 | 2003-07-22 | Scimed Life Systems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for treating septal defects |
| US6592594B2 (en) | 2001-10-25 | 2003-07-15 | Spiration, Inc. | Bronchial obstruction device deployment system and method |
| US6929637B2 (en) | 2002-02-21 | 2005-08-16 | Spiration, Inc. | Device and method for intra-bronchial provision of a therapeutic agent |
| US20030181922A1 (en) | 2002-03-20 | 2003-09-25 | Spiration, Inc. | Removable anchored lung volume reduction devices and methods |
| US7976564B2 (en) | 2002-05-06 | 2011-07-12 | St. Jude Medical, Cardiology Division, Inc. | PFO closure devices and related methods of use |
| US20040059263A1 (en) * | 2002-09-24 | 2004-03-25 | Spiration, Inc. | Device and method for measuring the diameter of an air passageway |
| US20040010209A1 (en) * | 2002-07-15 | 2004-01-15 | Spiration, Inc. | Device and method for measuring the diameter of an air passageway |
| US7100616B2 (en) | 2003-04-08 | 2006-09-05 | Spiration, Inc. | Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction method |
| US20040267306A1 (en) | 2003-04-11 | 2004-12-30 | Velocimed, L.L.C. | Closure devices, related delivery methods, and related methods of use |
| US8372112B2 (en) | 2003-04-11 | 2013-02-12 | St. Jude Medical, Cardiology Division, Inc. | Closure devices, related delivery methods, and related methods of use |
| US7744620B2 (en) | 2003-07-18 | 2010-06-29 | Intervalve, Inc. | Valvuloplasty catheter |
| US7533671B2 (en) | 2003-08-08 | 2009-05-19 | Spiration, Inc. | Bronchoscopic repair of air leaks in a lung |
| CN100396246C (en) * | 2004-10-21 | 2008-06-25 | 朱必顺 | Blockage for septal defect between cardiac atrium and ventricle |
| US8165674B2 (en) | 2005-03-02 | 2012-04-24 | Backbeat Medical, Inc. | Methods and apparatus to increase secretion of endogenous naturetic hormones |
| US8142470B2 (en) | 2005-12-01 | 2012-03-27 | Atritech, Inc. | Method for accessing the left atrial appendage with a balloon-tipped transeptal sheath |
| US8052715B2 (en) | 2005-12-01 | 2011-11-08 | Atritech, Inc. | Method and apparatus for recapturing an implant from the left atrial appendage |
| US7691151B2 (en) | 2006-03-31 | 2010-04-06 | Spiration, Inc. | Articulable Anchor |
| US8840655B2 (en) * | 2006-08-09 | 2014-09-23 | Coherex Medical, Inc. | Systems and devices for reducing the size of an internal tissue opening |
| US9220487B2 (en) * | 2006-08-09 | 2015-12-29 | Coherex Medical, Inc. | Devices for reducing the size of an internal tissue opening |
| US20090270840A1 (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2009-10-29 | Coherex Medical, Inc. | Delivery systems for a medical device and related methods |
| US8529597B2 (en) * | 2006-08-09 | 2013-09-10 | Coherex Medical, Inc. | Devices for reducing the size of an internal tissue opening |
| US7869874B2 (en) | 2006-09-25 | 2011-01-11 | G&L Consulting, Llc | Methods and apparatus to stimulate heart atria |
| US8882697B2 (en) | 2006-11-07 | 2014-11-11 | Dc Devices, Inc. | Apparatus and methods to create and maintain an intra-atrial pressure relief opening |
| US8745845B2 (en) | 2006-11-07 | 2014-06-10 | Dc Devices, Inc. | Methods for mounting a prosthesis onto a delivery device |
| US9232997B2 (en) | 2006-11-07 | 2016-01-12 | Corvia Medical, Inc. | Devices and methods for retrievable intra-atrial implants |
| US10413284B2 (en) | 2006-11-07 | 2019-09-17 | Corvia Medical, Inc. | Atrial pressure regulation with control, sensing, monitoring and therapy delivery |
| US20110257723A1 (en) | 2006-11-07 | 2011-10-20 | Dc Devices, Inc. | Devices and methods for coronary sinus pressure relief |
| US10624621B2 (en) | 2006-11-07 | 2020-04-21 | Corvia Medical, Inc. | Devices and methods for the treatment of heart failure |
| US20080228256A1 (en) * | 2007-03-13 | 2008-09-18 | Medtronic Vascular, Inc. | Braided Flange Branch Graft for Branch Vessel |
| US8136230B2 (en) | 2007-10-12 | 2012-03-20 | Spiration, Inc. | Valve loader method, system, and apparatus |
| US8043301B2 (en) | 2007-10-12 | 2011-10-25 | Spiration, Inc. | Valve loader method, system, and apparatus |
| JP5107065B2 (en) * | 2008-01-15 | 2012-12-26 | オリンパスメディカルシステムズ株式会社 | Inner diameter measuring tool |
| US9101734B2 (en) * | 2008-09-09 | 2015-08-11 | Biosense Webster, Inc. | Force-sensing catheter with bonded center strut |
| CA2739326A1 (en) | 2008-10-10 | 2010-04-15 | Intervalve, Inc. | Valvuloplasty catheter and methods |
| DE102009038500A1 (en) | 2009-08-21 | 2011-03-03 | Osypka, Peter, Dr.- Ing. | Device for measuring the size of an intracardiac opening |
| US9757107B2 (en) | 2009-09-04 | 2017-09-12 | Corvia Medical, Inc. | Methods and devices for intra-atrial shunts having adjustable sizes |
| US9642993B2 (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2017-05-09 | Corvia Medical, Inc. | Methods and devices for intra-atrial shunts having selectable flow rates |
| CA2785041A1 (en) | 2010-01-29 | 2011-08-04 | Dc Devices, Inc. | Devices and methods for reducing venous pressure |
| WO2012002944A1 (en) | 2010-06-29 | 2012-01-05 | Artventive Medical Group, Inc. | Reducing flow through a tubular structure |
| US9247942B2 (en) | 2010-06-29 | 2016-02-02 | Artventive Medical Group, Inc. | Reversible tubal contraceptive device |
| EP2616130A4 (en) | 2010-09-13 | 2013-07-24 | Intervalve Inc | Positionable valvuloplasty catheter |
| US9149277B2 (en) | 2010-10-18 | 2015-10-06 | Artventive Medical Group, Inc. | Expandable device delivery |
| US8795241B2 (en) | 2011-05-13 | 2014-08-05 | Spiration, Inc. | Deployment catheter |
| US9119564B2 (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2015-09-01 | Cook Medical Technologies Llc | Method of sizing internal body structure, and mechanism and system for same |
| US9008769B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2015-04-14 | Backbeat Medical, Inc. | Methods and systems for lowering blood pressure through reduction of ventricle filling |
| EP3925655B1 (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2023-07-12 | Clearstream Technologies Limited | Catheter with markings to facilitate alignment |
| US9095344B2 (en) | 2013-02-05 | 2015-08-04 | Artventive Medical Group, Inc. | Methods and apparatuses for blood vessel occlusion |
| US8984733B2 (en) | 2013-02-05 | 2015-03-24 | Artventive Medical Group, Inc. | Bodily lumen occlusion |
| US9636116B2 (en) | 2013-06-14 | 2017-05-02 | Artventive Medical Group, Inc. | Implantable luminal devices |
| US10149968B2 (en) | 2013-06-14 | 2018-12-11 | Artventive Medical Group, Inc. | Catheter-assisted tumor treatment |
| US9737306B2 (en) | 2013-06-14 | 2017-08-22 | Artventive Medical Group, Inc. | Implantable luminal devices |
| US9737308B2 (en) | 2013-06-14 | 2017-08-22 | Artventive Medical Group, Inc. | Catheter-assisted tumor treatment |
| US10675450B2 (en) | 2014-03-12 | 2020-06-09 | Corvia Medical, Inc. | Devices and methods for treating heart failure |
| NZ724237A (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2020-07-31 | Clearstream Tech Ltd | Catheter structures for reducing fluoroscopy usage during endovascular procedures |
| EP3137016A4 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2018-01-24 | Lean Medical Technologies, LLC | Gastrointestinal device |
| US10363043B2 (en) | 2014-05-01 | 2019-07-30 | Artventive Medical Group, Inc. | Treatment of incompetent vessels |
| CA2955389C (en) | 2014-07-23 | 2023-04-04 | Corvia Medical, Inc. | Devices and methods for treating heart failure |
| US10342982B2 (en) | 2015-09-11 | 2019-07-09 | Backbeat Medical, Inc. | Methods and systems for treating cardiac malfunction |
| US10813644B2 (en) | 2016-04-01 | 2020-10-27 | Artventive Medical Group, Inc. | Occlusive implant and delivery system |
| US10485658B2 (en) | 2016-04-22 | 2019-11-26 | Backbeat Medical, Inc. | Methods and systems for controlling blood pressure |
| US10512756B2 (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2019-12-24 | Cardiac Dimensions Pty. Ltd. | Sizing catheters |
| EP3459469A1 (en) | 2017-09-23 | 2019-03-27 | Universität Zürich | Medical occluder device |
| CN111265760B (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2023-05-16 | 东莞市先健医疗有限公司 | Balloon catheter and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN114641242A (en) | 2019-09-26 | 2022-06-17 | 苏黎世大学 | Left atrial appendage occlusion device |
Family Cites Families (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3095871A (en) | 1960-01-26 | 1963-07-02 | Edward C Mann | Method for determining the condition of the uterine isthmus |
| US3435826A (en) * | 1964-05-27 | 1969-04-01 | Edwards Lab Inc | Embolectomy catheter |
| US4027659A (en) | 1975-11-21 | 1977-06-07 | Krandex Corporation | Radiographic opaque and conductive stripped medical tubes |
| US4279252A (en) | 1979-08-24 | 1981-07-21 | Martin Michael T | X-ray scaling catheter |
| US4671291A (en) | 1986-03-31 | 1987-06-09 | Siemens Medical Systems, Inc. | Angle encoding catheter |
| US5045072A (en) | 1989-06-13 | 1991-09-03 | Cordis Corporation | Catheter having highly radiopaque, flexible tip |
| US5259837A (en) | 1990-12-27 | 1993-11-09 | Wormer Mark E Van | Acoustically enhanced catheter |
| EP0565648A4 (en) * | 1991-05-15 | 1994-07-06 | Bard Inc C R | Sizing balloon catheter |
| CA2079974C (en) | 1991-10-07 | 1996-07-23 | Edward J. Rhinehart | Probe for mri imaging and spectroscopy particularly in the cervical region |
| US5465732A (en) | 1992-03-31 | 1995-11-14 | Boston Scientific Corporation | Fluoroscopically viewable multifilar calibrated guidewire and method of measuring occlusions with calibrated guidewires |
| US5269758A (en) * | 1992-04-29 | 1993-12-14 | Taheri Syde A | Intravascular catheter and method for treatment of hypothermia |
| US5255679A (en) | 1992-06-02 | 1993-10-26 | Cardiac Pathways Corporation | Endocardial catheter for mapping and/or ablation with an expandable basket structure having means for providing selective reinforcement and pressure sensing mechanism for use therewith, and method |
| US5409000A (en) | 1993-09-14 | 1995-04-25 | Cardiac Pathways Corporation | Endocardial mapping and ablation system utilizing separately controlled steerable ablation catheter with ultrasonic imaging capabilities and method |
| US5547469A (en) | 1994-05-13 | 1996-08-20 | Boston Scientific Corporation | Apparatus for performing diagnostic and therapeutic modalities in the biliary tree |
| US5558652A (en) | 1994-10-06 | 1996-09-24 | B. Braun Medical, Inc. | Introducer with radiopaque marked tip and method of manufacture therefor |
| US5657764A (en) | 1995-08-30 | 1997-08-19 | Uromed Corporation | Device and method for determining the length of a urethra |
| US5591195A (en) * | 1995-10-30 | 1997-01-07 | Taheri; Syde | Apparatus and method for engrafting a blood vessel |
| US5632762A (en) | 1995-11-09 | 1997-05-27 | Hemodynamics, Inc. | Ostial stent balloon |
| US5843027A (en) * | 1996-12-04 | 1998-12-01 | Cardiovascular Dynamics, Inc. | Balloon sheath |
-
1998
- 1998-08-21 US US09/137,949 patent/US6241678B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1999
- 1999-07-30 PT PT99941988T patent/PT1113751E/en unknown
- 1999-07-30 DE DE69935601T patent/DE69935601T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-07-30 AU AU55457/99A patent/AU752585B2/en not_active Expired
- 1999-07-30 ES ES99941988T patent/ES2285858T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-07-30 WO PCT/US1999/017406 patent/WO2000010452A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-07-30 EA EA200100166A patent/EA002415B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-07-30 EP EP99941988A patent/EP1113751B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-07-30 KR KR10-2001-7001323A patent/KR100428820B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-07-30 JP JP2000565780A patent/JP3643309B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-07-30 AT AT99941988T patent/ATE357181T1/en active
- 1999-07-30 DK DK99941988T patent/DK1113751T3/en active
- 1999-07-30 CN CNB998095699A patent/CN1170508C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-07-30 CA CA002341228A patent/CA2341228C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-11-16 HK HK01108087A patent/HK1037945A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2007
- 2007-04-23 CY CY20071100545T patent/CY1106536T1/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| HK1037945A1 (en) | 2002-03-01 |
| AU752585B2 (en) | 2002-09-26 |
| ES2285858T3 (en) | 2007-11-16 |
| WO2000010452A1 (en) | 2000-03-02 |
| ATE357181T1 (en) | 2007-04-15 |
| CN1312697A (en) | 2001-09-12 |
| EP1113751B1 (en) | 2007-03-21 |
| AU5545799A (en) | 2000-03-14 |
| EA002415B1 (en) | 2002-04-25 |
| EP1113751A1 (en) | 2001-07-11 |
| CN1170508C (en) | 2004-10-13 |
| DE69935601T2 (en) | 2007-12-06 |
| CY1106536T1 (en) | 2012-01-25 |
| JP3643309B2 (en) | 2005-04-27 |
| EA200100166A1 (en) | 2001-08-27 |
| JP2002523121A (en) | 2002-07-30 |
| DK1113751T3 (en) | 2007-05-07 |
| PT1113751E (en) | 2007-04-30 |
| KR100428820B1 (en) | 2004-04-29 |
| CA2341228A1 (en) | 2000-03-02 |
| US6241678B1 (en) | 2001-06-05 |
| EP1113751A4 (en) | 2005-05-04 |
| KR20010072136A (en) | 2001-07-31 |
| DE69935601D1 (en) | 2007-05-03 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CA2341228C (en) | Sizing catheter for measuring septal defects | |
| CA2392940C (en) | Sizing catheter for measuring cardiovascular structures | |
| US4928693A (en) | Pressure monitor catheter | |
| US5411016A (en) | Intravascular balloon catheter for use in combination with an angioscope | |
| US4901731A (en) | Single sensor pressure differential device | |
| EP1139876B1 (en) | Safety mechanism for a rotating imaging device | |
| US6450976B2 (en) | Apparatus for measuring the length and width of blood vessels and other body lumens | |
| US20070083126A1 (en) | Apparatus & method for determining physiologic characteristics of body lumens | |
| US20030199759A1 (en) | Coronary catheter with radiopaque length markers | |
| JPH0229264A (en) | Balloon catheter | |
| NZ518276A (en) | Sizing catheter for measuring cardiovascular structures | |
| WO1992020280A1 (en) | Sizing balloon catheter | |
| JP2004097718A (en) | Dilation balloon catheter | |
| CN216934222U (en) | Catheter device | |
| WO2024059190A1 (en) | Pressure-based sizing of body vessels | |
| Inoue et al. | Percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy | |
| CN115530743A (en) | Visual expanding urethral probe with pressure sensing device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |
Effective date: 20190730 |