CA2331530A1 - Stormwater treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Stormwater treatment apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2331530A1
CA2331530A1 CA002331530A CA2331530A CA2331530A1 CA 2331530 A1 CA2331530 A1 CA 2331530A1 CA 002331530 A CA002331530 A CA 002331530A CA 2331530 A CA2331530 A CA 2331530A CA 2331530 A1 CA2331530 A1 CA 2331530A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
baffle
outlet
receptacle
water
wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002331530A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2331530C (en
Inventor
R. Russell Stever
Ben R. Urbonas
Jonathan E. Jones
Andrew Earles
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Jensen Enterprises Inc
Original Assignee
Jensen Enterprises Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jensen Enterprises Inc filed Critical Jensen Enterprises Inc
Publication of CA2331530A1 publication Critical patent/CA2331530A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2331530C publication Critical patent/CA2331530C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
    • E03F5/14—Devices for separating liquid or solid substances from sewage, e.g. sand or sludge traps, rakes or grates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/0208—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/0208—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D17/0211—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation with baffles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/0208—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D17/0214—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation with removal of one of the phases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/0006—Settling tanks provided with means for cleaning and maintenance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/0039—Settling tanks provided with contact surfaces, e.g. baffles, particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/0039—Settling tanks provided with contact surfaces, e.g. baffles, particles
    • B01D21/0042—Baffles or guide plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/02—Settling tanks with single outlets for the separated liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2221/00—Applications of separation devices
    • B01D2221/12—Separation devices for treating rain or storm water

Abstract

This invention relates generally to liquid purification and separation (Class 210) and, more specifically, to an apparatus for separation of pollutants in stormwater runoff from the runoff water. This apparatus utilizes gravitational separation and tortuosity, resulting from a plurality of baffles both perpendicular to and oblique to the primary water flow direction, to trap substances less-dense and more-dense than water. This invention is differentiated from prior art by improved resistance to pollutant remobilization, resulting from an iterative experimental hydraulic design process. In addition, this invention provides a degree of retention through volume-control that exceeds that provided by existing gravitational, sub-surface, stormwater treatment systems.

This invention is intended to mitigate the impacts of stormwater runoff from urban areas on receiving environments, which have been documented extensively in engineering and scientific literature.

Claims (59)

1. A stormwater treatment apparatus, comprising:
a receptacle adapted to receive water flowing from a surface drainage area, the receptacle having a bottom and a top, the receptacle having an inlet and an outlet, the inlet and the outlet being in fluid communication with one another; and at least one baffle positioned within the receptacle between the inlet and the outlet, the baffle extending from the bottom of the receptacle, a first portion of the baffle and the bottom of the receptacle forming an angle therebetween.
2. The apparatus of Claim 1, wherein said apparatus has a volume of at least 500 cubic feet.
3. The apparatus of Claim 1, wherein the angle formed between the first portion of the baffle and the bottom of the receptacle is between 30 and degrees.
4. The apparatus of Claim 1, wherein the baffle includes a second portion, the second portion of the baffle extending from the bottom of the receptacle and forming an angle with the bottom of the receptacle, the angle being roughly 90 degrees.
5. The apparatus of Claim 4, wherein the first portion of the baffle extends from the second portion of the baffle and forms an angle with the second portion of the baffle of less than 180 degrees.
6. The apparatus of Claim 5, wherein the angle formed between the first portion and the second portion of the baffle is roughly 135 degrees.
7. The apparatus of Claim 1 comprising at least two baffles extending from said bottom of said receptacle.
8. The apparatus of Claim 1 additionally comprising an inlet baffle positioned between the inlet and the outlet, the inlet baffle spaced from said bottom and extending between generally opposing walls of the receptacle.
9. The apparatus of Claim 1 additionally comprising an outlet baffle positioned between the inlet and the outlet opening, the outlet baffle spaced from said bottom and extending between generally opposing walls of the receptacle.
10. The apparatus of Claim 9, wherein said outlet baffle has a lower end positioned below said outlet.
11. The apparatus of Claim 10, wherein the outlet baffle defines a horizontal cross-section between a first baffle extending from said bottom and said outlet baffle larger than the horizontal cross-section between said first baffle and a vertical plane tangent to an upstream side of said outlet baffle.
12. The apparatus of Claim 9, wherein said outlet baffle further comprises a center section and at least one outer section which extends toward said outlet from said center section.
13. An apparatus for cleaning stormwater runoff, the apparatus comprising:
a vault having a top, a bottom, two sides, a front and a back, the vault comprising a first baffle extending from the bottom of the vault; a second baffle extending from the bottom of the vault, an inlet section having an inlet opening and an outlet section having an outlet opening.
14. The apparatus of Claim 13, wherein the inlet section includes an inlet baffle positioned between the inlet opening and said first baffle.
15. The apparatus of Claim 14, wherein a first portion of the first baffle forms an angle between thirty and sixty degrees with the bottom of the vault.
16. The apparatus of Claim 12, wherein a second portion of the first baffle extends generally normal to the bottom of the vault and said first portion of the first baffle extends from the second portion of the first baffle at an angle.
17. The apparatus of Claim 12, wherein the vault includes a plurality of mid-sections, every other mid-section including at least one baffle extending from the bottom of the vault.
18. The apparatus of Claim 14 additionally comprising an outlet baffle positioned between the end wall and the outlet opening, the outlet baffle spaced from said bottom and extending between generally opposing walls of the receptacle.
19. The apparatus of Claim 18, wherein said outlet baffle has a lower end positioned below said outlet.
20. The apparatus of Claim 19, wherein the outlet baffle defines a horizontal cross-section between a first baffle extending from said bottom and said outlet baffle larger than the horizontal cross-sections between said first baffle and a vertical plane tangent to an upstream side of said outlet baffle.
21. The apparatus of Claim 18, wherein said outlet baffle further comprises a center section and at least one outer' section which extends toward said outlet from said center section.
22. An apparatus for separation of pollutants in runoff that are less and more dense than the runoff water, comprising:
a receptacle adapted to receive stormwater runoff flowing from all surface areas tributary to it, the receptacle having a bottom and a top, a left side-wall and right side-wall, and a front side-wall and end side-wall, forming a rectangular tank;
an inlet for introducing stormwater flowing from tributary surface areas into the receptacle and an outlet for di;>charging water;
at least four baffles positioned within the receptacle between the inlet and the outlet, with all of the baffles attached to both sides of the receptical, with at least two baffles attached to the bottom of the receptacle and not attached to the top, at least one baffle attached to the top of the receptacle and not attached to the bottom, and at least one baffle that is not attached to the bottom and top of the receptacle.
23. The apparatus of Claim 22 where a plurality of baffles are positioned between the inlet and outlet of the receptacle.
24. The apparatus of Claim 22 where baffles attached to the bottom of the receptacle and not to the top form angles between the bottom of the receptacle and at least a portion of the sides of the baffles facing the front side-wall that are obtuse and form angles between the bottom and the sides of the baffles facing the end side-wall that are acute.
25. The apparatus of Claim 24 where the acute angles between the receptacle bottom and the sides of the baffles facing the end side-wall are approximately 45 degrees.
26. The apparatus of Claim 24 where at least one of the baffles connected to the bottom and not to the top includes a first portion and a second portion, the first portion extending vertically from the bottom of the receptacle.
27. The apparatus of Claim 26 where the second portion of the baffle extends from the first portion of the baffle and forms an angle less than 180 degrees and greater than 90 degrees with the side of the first portion of the baffle that faces the end side-wall.
28. The apparatus of Claim 27 where the angle formed between the second portion of the baffle and the side of the first portion of the baffle facing the end side-wall is approximately 135 degrees.
29. The apparatus of Claim 22 where baffles attached to the top of the apparatus and not to the bottom extend vertically down from the top.
30. The apparatus of Claim 22 where baffles not attached to the bottom of the receptacle that may or may not be attached to the top of the apparatus are perpendicular to the top and bottom.
31. The apparatus of Claim 22 where an inlet pipe conveys water from an impervious drainage area to the apparatus through the front side-wall.
32. The apparatus of Claim 22 where an opening discharges water through the end side-wall.
33. The apparatus of Claim 22 with access to the receptacle from the ground surface sufficient to allow the receptacle to be cleaned out.
34. The apparatus of Claim 22, comprising:
an inlet section for receiving water, for decreasing energy of the flowing water, and for uniformly distributing water across the width of the receptacle;
one or more midsections for trapping materials more dense than water that settle out of water by gravity and for trapping materials less dense than water that rise to the surface of water by gravitational separation;
an outlet section for discharging water at a controlled rate and for excluding materials more and less dense than water being discharged.
35. The apparatus of Claim 34 where the inlet section for decreasing the energy of the flowing water includes a vertical baffle downstream of the inlet that is attached to left and right side-walls of the apparatus at 90 degree angles but that is not attached to the top or bottom of the apparatus.
36. The apparatus of Claim 35 where the vertical baffle is positioned so that a large component of the force of water entering the apparatus is directed to the vertical baffle.
37. The apparatus of Claim 35 where the inlet section includes a baffle that is attached to the bottom of the receptacle and not to the top.
38. The apparatus of Claim 37 where the baffle is positioned between the vertical baffle for energy dissipation and the end side-wall.
39. The apparatus of Claim 37 where the baffle forms an angle between the bottom of the receptacle and the side of the baffle facing the front side-wall that is obtuse and forms an angle between the bottom and the side of the baffle facing the end side-wall that is acute.
40. The apparatus of Claim 39 where the obtuse angle is approximately 135 degrees and the acute angle is approximately 45 degrees.
41. The apparatus of Claim 34 where the midsections are added incrementally between the inlet section and the outlet section, with a minimum number of two midsections.
42. The apparatus of Claim 34 where an overflow baffle is included at the end of the midsection farthest removed from the inlet section.
43. The apparatus of Claim 42 where the side of the overflow baffle facing the end side-wall and the bottom of the apparatus form an acute angle.
44. The apparatus of Claim 43 where the horizontal projection of the baffle is contained completely within the dimensions of the midsection.
45. The apparatus of Claim 43 where the acute angle is approximately 45 degrees.
46. The apparatus of Claim 42 where overflow baffles are regularly spaced at specified distances along the bottom of the midsections.
47. The apparatus of Claim 34 where the outlet section includes an opening located on the end side-wall that allows water in the apparatus to discharge.
48. The apparatus of Claim 47 where mesh screening from the bottom to the top of the apparatus is attached in a removable fashion to the end side-wall to form a half cylinder through which any water that discharges through the opening must pass prior to discharge.
49. The apparatus of Claim 48 where an underflow baffle is located between the overflow baffle at the end of the midsection closest to the outlet section and the mesh screening.
50. The apparatus of Claim 49 where a plane segment of the underflow baffle is parallel to the end side-wall and perpendicular to the top and bottom ana is located equal distances from the left side-wall and right side-wall.
51. The apparatus of Claim 50 where the underflow baffle extends from the ends of the plane segment parallel to the end slide-wall in planes perpendicular to the top and bottom to the intersections of the left and right side-walls with the end side-wall.
52. The apparatus of Claim 51 where the underflow baffle is attached to the top of the apparatus so that flow can only pass beneath the underflow baffle.
53. The apparatus of Claim 52 where materials that are less dense than water are retained behind the underflow baffle on the surface of the water.
54. The apparatus of Claim 53 where the water level in the apparatus is maintained above the lowest elevation at which water can pass under the underflow baffle.
55. The apparatus of Claim 34 where the water surface level in the apparatus is controlled by the outflow opening invert elevation.
56. The apparatus of Claim 55 where the opening is an aperture machined into a cap that is sized to fit exactly around the circumference of an outflow pipe that protrudes a short distance into the outlet section.
57. The apparatus of Claim 56 where access to the inlet section, the outlet section, and all midsections is provided by manholes that are of sufficient size to allow cleaning of the vault via pump out or another vacuum removal process.
58. The apparatus of Claim 57 where manhole sizes are sufficient to allow removal of outlet screening.
59. The apparatus of Claim 57 where a short, hollow cylinder of a diameter equivalent to the diameter of the manhole opening extends down from the top of the apparatus for several inches into the apparatus for all manholes associated with midsections.
CA002331530A 2000-01-19 2001-01-18 Stormwater treatment apparatus Expired - Lifetime CA2331530C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/487,097 2000-01-19
US09/487,097 US6350374B1 (en) 2000-01-19 2000-01-19 Stormwater treatment apparatus

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2331530A1 true CA2331530A1 (en) 2001-07-19
CA2331530C CA2331530C (en) 2009-12-08

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA002331530A Expired - Lifetime CA2331530C (en) 2000-01-19 2001-01-18 Stormwater treatment apparatus

Country Status (3)

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US (1) US6350374B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2331530C (en)
WO (1) WO2001053208A2 (en)

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CN113384933B (en) * 2021-06-11 2022-10-18 吉林省中环蔚蓝环保科技有限公司 Urban garbage leachate treatment device

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