CA2214870A1 - Variable-attenuation tunable optical router - Google Patents
Variable-attenuation tunable optical routerInfo
- Publication number
- CA2214870A1 CA2214870A1 CA002214870A CA2214870A CA2214870A1 CA 2214870 A1 CA2214870 A1 CA 2214870A1 CA 002214870 A CA002214870 A CA 002214870A CA 2214870 A CA2214870 A CA 2214870A CA 2214870 A1 CA2214870 A1 CA 2214870A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- gratings
- variable
- response
- optical signal
- tunable optical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29304—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating
- G02B6/29316—Light guides comprising a diffractive element, e.g. grating in or on the light guide such that diffracted light is confined in the light guide
- G02B6/29317—Light guides of the optical fibre type
- G02B6/29319—With a cascade of diffractive elements or of diffraction operations
- G02B6/2932—With a cascade of diffractive elements or of diffraction operations comprising a directional router, e.g. directional coupler, circulator
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29304—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating
- G02B6/29316—Light guides comprising a diffractive element, e.g. grating in or on the light guide such that diffracted light is confined in the light guide
- G02B6/29317—Light guides of the optical fibre type
- G02B6/29322—Diffractive elements of the tunable type
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29379—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
- G02B6/2938—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device for multiplexing or demultiplexing, i.e. combining or separating wavelengths, e.g. 1xN, NxM
- G02B6/29382—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device for multiplexing or demultiplexing, i.e. combining or separating wavelengths, e.g. 1xN, NxM including at least adding or dropping a signal, i.e. passing the majority of signals
- G02B6/29383—Adding and dropping
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29379—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
- G02B6/29395—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device configurable, e.g. tunable or reconfigurable
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
- H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
- H04J14/0201—Add-and-drop multiplexing
- H04J14/0202—Arrangements therefor
- H04J14/0206—Express channels arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
- H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
- H04J14/0201—Add-and-drop multiplexing
- H04J14/0202—Arrangements therefor
- H04J14/021—Reconfigurable arrangements, e.g. reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers [ROADM] or tunable optical add/drop multiplexers [TOADM]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
- H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
- H04J14/0201—Add-and-drop multiplexing
- H04J14/0202—Arrangements therefor
- H04J14/0213—Groups of channels or wave bands arrangements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02057—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating comprising gratings
- G02B6/02076—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
- G02B6/02195—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by means for tuning the grating
- G02B6/022—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by means for tuning the grating using mechanical stress, e.g. tuning by compression or elongation, special geometrical shapes such as "dog-bone" or taper
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/011—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour in optical waveguides, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/0147—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on thermo-optic effects
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
- G02F2201/30—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 grating
- G02F2201/307—Reflective grating, i.e. Bragg grating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
- H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
- H04J14/0201—Add-and-drop multiplexing
- H04J14/0202—Arrangements therefor
- H04J14/0204—Broadcast and select arrangements, e.g. with an optical splitter at the input before adding or dropping
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
- H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
- H04J14/0201—Add-and-drop multiplexing
- H04J14/0202—Arrangements therefor
- H04J14/0205—Select and combine arrangements, e.g. with an optical combiner at the output after adding or dropping
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
- H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
- H04J14/0221—Power control, e.g. to keep the total optical power constant
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Optical Communication System (AREA)
- Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)
- Use Of Switch Circuits For Exchanges And Methods Of Control Of Multiplex Exchanges (AREA)
Abstract
A device for distributing an optical signal has an optical waveguide with a plurality of gratings disposed in series therein, the gratings having a predetermined reflectivity response within a specific wavelength range; an optical circulator having at least three ports, one of the ports serving as an input port for receiving the optical signal, and another port for removing at least a part of the optical signal reflected from one of the gratings; and, control means for individually controlling at least some of the gratings to effect a change of the wavelength range of the reflectivity response of the gratings. The change may be a shift, an expansion or a compression of the range. The device can function as a signal distributor (router), an equalizer or a demultiplexer. The reflectivity response is preferably a sloped response.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/711,978 US5706375A (en) | 1996-09-10 | 1996-09-10 | Variable-attenuation tunable optical router |
US08/711,978 | 1996-09-10 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2214870A1 true CA2214870A1 (en) | 1998-03-10 |
CA2214870C CA2214870C (en) | 2001-04-17 |
Family
ID=24860281
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA002214870A Expired - Fee Related CA2214870C (en) | 1996-09-10 | 1997-09-09 | Variable-attenuation tunable optical router |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5706375A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2214870C (en) |
Families Citing this family (68)
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SE9403446L (en) * | 1994-10-11 | 1995-11-27 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | Optical NxN wavelength cross-coupler |
US6821457B1 (en) | 1998-07-29 | 2004-11-23 | Science Applications International Corporation | Electrically switchable polymer-dispersed liquid crystal materials including switchable optical couplers and reconfigurable optical interconnects |
US5942157A (en) * | 1996-07-12 | 1999-08-24 | Science Applications International Corporation | Switchable volume hologram materials and devices |
US7077984B1 (en) | 1996-07-12 | 2006-07-18 | Science Applications International Corporation | Electrically switchable polymer-dispersed liquid crystal materials |
US7312906B2 (en) * | 1996-07-12 | 2007-12-25 | Science Applications International Corporation | Switchable polymer-dispersed liquid crystal optical elements |
US6867888B2 (en) * | 1996-07-12 | 2005-03-15 | Science Applications International Corporation | Switchable polymer-dispersed liquid crystal optical elements |
US6763686B2 (en) * | 1996-10-23 | 2004-07-20 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Method for selective photosensitization of optical fiber |
US5812712A (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 1998-09-22 | E-Tek Dynamics, Inc. | Fiber bragg grating-circulator systems having reduced ASE |
JP3036458B2 (en) * | 1997-02-28 | 2000-04-24 | 日本電気株式会社 | Optical branching device and optical transmission method |
GB9713575D0 (en) * | 1997-06-26 | 1997-09-03 | Plessey Telecomm | Filter selector |
US5999671A (en) * | 1997-10-27 | 1999-12-07 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Tunable long-period optical grating device and optical systems employing same |
US6549701B1 (en) * | 1998-01-27 | 2003-04-15 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. | Selectable wavelength channel filter for optical WDM systems |
US6014390A (en) * | 1998-01-30 | 2000-01-11 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Tunable transmitter with Mach-Zehnder modulator |
JP2002504706A (en) * | 1998-02-20 | 2002-02-12 | コーニング インコーポレイテッド | Series connection of tunable optical filter elements |
EP0964275A1 (en) * | 1998-06-09 | 1999-12-15 | PIRELLI CAVI E SISTEMI S.p.A. | Method and device for dropping optical channels in an optical transmission system |
US6580537B1 (en) | 1998-07-17 | 2003-06-17 | Regents Of The University Of California, The | High-throughput, low-latency next generation internet networks using optical label switching and high-speed optical header generation, detection and reinsertion |
US6111673A (en) | 1998-07-17 | 2000-08-29 | Telcordia Technologies, Inc. | High-throughput, low-latency next generation internet networks using optical tag switching |
US6525850B1 (en) | 1998-07-17 | 2003-02-25 | The Regents Of The University Of California | High-throughput, low-latency next generation internet networks using optical label switching and high-speed optical header generation, detection and reinsertion |
US6449073B1 (en) * | 1998-07-21 | 2002-09-10 | Corvis Corporation | Optical communication system |
DE19940302A1 (en) * | 1998-10-09 | 2000-04-27 | Siemens Ag | Tunable Add-Drop-Continue-module with optical filter for signal transmission |
US6310990B1 (en) | 2000-03-16 | 2001-10-30 | Cidra Corporation | Tunable optical structure featuring feedback control |
US6763043B2 (en) * | 1998-12-04 | 2004-07-13 | Cidra Corporation | Tunable grating-based dispersion compensator |
US6792009B2 (en) | 1998-12-04 | 2004-09-14 | Cidra Corporation | Tunable grating-based channel filter parking device |
US6628861B1 (en) * | 1999-01-06 | 2003-09-30 | General Photonics Corporation | Control of guided light in waveguide using external adjustable grating |
JP3329298B2 (en) * | 1999-01-27 | 2002-09-30 | 日本電気株式会社 | Optical branch circuit |
FI990238A (en) * | 1999-02-08 | 2000-08-09 | Nokia Networks Oy | OptiskADd / drop device |
GB9903450D0 (en) * | 1999-02-16 | 1999-04-07 | Oxford Fiber Optic Tools Ltd | Wavelength turntable power meter |
US6771905B1 (en) * | 1999-06-07 | 2004-08-03 | Corvis Corporation | Optical transmission systems including optical switching devices, control apparatuses, and methods |
TW382662B (en) * | 1999-06-25 | 2000-02-21 | Nat Science Council | Optical fiber reflector with adjustable reflectivity and its production method thereof |
US6407838B1 (en) | 1999-07-21 | 2002-06-18 | Luxn, Inc. | Reconfigurable multi-add/drop module for optical communications |
DE19939853C2 (en) * | 1999-08-23 | 2003-03-13 | Siemens Ag | Add / Drop-Drop & Continue module and Drop & Continue module |
US6483618B2 (en) | 1999-11-30 | 2002-11-19 | Corning Incorporated | Narrow band wavelength division demultiplexer and method of demultiplexing optical signals |
US6388783B1 (en) | 1999-11-30 | 2002-05-14 | Corning Incorporated | Narrow band wavelength division multiplexer and method of multiplexing optical signals |
US6411746B1 (en) | 2000-01-18 | 2002-06-25 | Corning Incorporated | Thermally tunable optical devices |
GB2359636B (en) | 2000-02-22 | 2002-05-01 | Marconi Comm Ltd | Wavelength selective optical filter |
US6519062B1 (en) | 2000-02-29 | 2003-02-11 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Ultra-low latency multi-protocol optical routers for the next generation internet |
US6633695B2 (en) * | 2000-03-06 | 2003-10-14 | Cidra Corporation | Compression-tuned grating-based optical add/drop multiplexer |
EP1134608A1 (en) * | 2000-03-14 | 2001-09-19 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Drop node having an optical drop and continue function for an optical transmission network |
US6730442B1 (en) | 2000-05-24 | 2004-05-04 | Science Applications International Corporation | System and method for replicating volume holograms |
US6381387B1 (en) * | 2000-08-02 | 2002-04-30 | Networks Photonics, Inc. | Athermalization of a wavelength routing element |
KR100366056B1 (en) * | 2000-08-12 | 2002-12-27 | 한국과학기술원 | 4-port wavelength selective router and add/drop module |
US7386204B1 (en) | 2000-08-26 | 2008-06-10 | Cidra Corporation | Optical filter having a shaped filter function |
US6594410B2 (en) | 2000-08-26 | 2003-07-15 | Cidra Corporation | Wide range tunable optical filter |
US6628851B1 (en) * | 2000-12-20 | 2003-09-30 | Harris Corporation | MEMS reconfigurable optical grating |
US6757496B2 (en) | 2001-01-30 | 2004-06-29 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Optical layer multicasting using a single sub-carrier header and an optical multicasting switch |
US6757497B2 (en) | 2001-01-30 | 2004-06-29 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Optical layer multicasting using a single sub-carrier header and a multicast switch with active header insertion via reflective single sideband optical processing |
US6850707B1 (en) | 2001-01-30 | 2005-02-01 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Secure optical layer multicasting to effect survivability |
US6819666B2 (en) | 2001-01-30 | 2004-11-16 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Optical layer multicasting using multiple sub-carrier headers with header detection, deletion, and insertion via reflective single sideband optical processing |
US6934472B2 (en) * | 2001-01-30 | 2005-08-23 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Optical layer multicasting using a single sub-carrier header and a multicast switch with active header insertion |
US6813276B2 (en) | 2001-01-30 | 2004-11-02 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Optical layer multicasting using a single sub-carrier header with active header detection, deletion, and re-insertion via a circulating optical path |
US6850515B2 (en) | 2001-01-30 | 2005-02-01 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Optical layer multicasting using a single sub-carrier header and a multicast switch with active header insertion via light circulation |
US6768871B2 (en) | 2001-01-30 | 2004-07-27 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Optical layer multicasting using a multicast switch to effect survivability and security |
US6754450B2 (en) | 2001-01-30 | 2004-06-22 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Optical layer multicasting using a single sub-carrier header with active header detection, deletion, and new header insertion via opto-electrical processing |
US6873797B2 (en) | 2001-01-30 | 2005-03-29 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Optical layer multicasting |
US20040247239A1 (en) * | 2001-03-12 | 2004-12-09 | Louay Eldada | Hitless errorless trimmable dynamic optical add/drop multiplexer devices |
US6696682B1 (en) * | 2001-03-13 | 2004-02-24 | Optech Ventures, Llc | Optical signal active tracking using tunable FBG |
US20030016911A1 (en) * | 2001-07-19 | 2003-01-23 | Samad Talebpour | Random access optical add/drop switch |
US6885791B2 (en) * | 2001-10-03 | 2005-04-26 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. | Integrated-optic device and a method for attenuating light or equalizing light using integrated-optic device |
AUPS096902A0 (en) * | 2002-03-07 | 2002-03-28 | Australian National University, The | Tuneable filter arrangement |
US7536111B1 (en) * | 2002-05-17 | 2009-05-19 | Sprint Communications Company Lp | Optical communication with phase encoding and optical filtering |
US6922529B2 (en) * | 2002-08-09 | 2005-07-26 | Corvis Corporation | Optical communications systems, devices, and methods |
KR100478508B1 (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2005-03-28 | 한국전자통신연구원 | An Optical Add/Drop Apparatus |
US7619739B1 (en) | 2002-08-29 | 2009-11-17 | Science Applications International Corporation | Detection and identification of biological agents using Bragg filters |
WO2004023171A2 (en) * | 2002-09-06 | 2004-03-18 | Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. | Intrinsic fabry-perot optical fiber sensors and their multiplexing |
US7018563B1 (en) | 2002-11-26 | 2006-03-28 | Science Applications International Corporation | Tailoring material composition for optimization of application-specific switchable holograms |
US6950173B1 (en) | 2003-04-08 | 2005-09-27 | Science Applications International Corporation | Optimizing performance parameters for switchable polymer dispersed liquid crystal optical elements |
US6788851B1 (en) * | 2003-07-01 | 2004-09-07 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Apparatus and method for adjusting the spectral response of an optical waveguide grating |
GB2549500A (en) | 2016-04-19 | 2017-10-25 | Airbus Operations Ltd | Node for an optical network |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5579143A (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1996-11-26 | Ciena Corporation | Optical system with tunable in-fiber gratings |
US5401956A (en) * | 1993-09-29 | 1995-03-28 | United Technologies Corporation | Diagnostic system for fiber grating sensors |
US5446809A (en) * | 1994-09-23 | 1995-08-29 | United Technologies Corporation | All fiber wavelength selective optical switch |
-
1996
- 1996-09-10 US US08/711,978 patent/US5706375A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-09-09 CA CA002214870A patent/CA2214870C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2214870C (en) | 2001-04-17 |
US5706375A (en) | 1998-01-06 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
EEER | Examination request | ||
MKLA | Lapsed |