CA2185107C - Absorbent articles containing antibacterial agents in the topsheet for odor control - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides an article of manufacture which minimizes odor caused by bodily fluids, i.e. perspiration, comprising:
a liquid pervious topsheet, a liquid impervious backsheet, an absorbent core positioned between the topsheet and the backsheet; and optionally, a means for supporting the article in an appropriate position to perform its absorbency and odor control function; wherein the topsheet comprises an apertured plastic film containing an effective amount of zeolite impregnated with a heavy metal ion. The articles of the present invention provide an increase in the topsheet surface area available for contact with external body fluids such as perspiration, place the antibacterial active in the closest proximity to the skin of the wearer, the active reducing the perspiration malodor by minimizing its formation.

Description

'~~ y~~~~~" CA 02185107 2000-O1-OS ' PCI,'L:595~0:381 ABSORBENT ARTICLES CONTAINING ANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS
IN THE TOPSHEET FOR ODOR CONTROL
s TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to the incorporation of zeolite, impregnated with a heavy metal, into an apertured plastic film topsheet of catamenials to provide an improvement in odor control, i.e., a decease in perspiration odor to by preventing malodor formation. By placing the antibacterial agent in the apertured topsheet, the antibacterial agent is in the dosest proximity possible to the perspiration produced on the skin of the wearer.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
A wide variety of fluid absorbent structures known in the art absorb body is fluids such ss blood, urine, menses, and the like, and are sanitary and comfortable in use. Disposable products of this type generally comprise fluid permeable topsheet material, flmd absorbent core, and fluid-impermeable badcsheet material. Various shapes, sizes and thidcnesses of such articles have been explored in an attempt to make their use more comfortable and io convenient.
Odor control in sanitary products has been under investigation for many years. Many body fluids have an unpleasant odor, or develop such odors when in with sir andlor bacteria for prolonged periods.
Mini-active artides are known in the art and allegedly provide superior is odor reduction. Often, the multi-active systems do not eliminate perspiration odors.
Various odor-conVolling agents have been disdosed in the literature.
U.S. Pat No. 2,690,415, Shuler, issued Sept. 28, 1954, teaches partiGes of oda-sbsarbing materials uniformly affasd st the interstices of s permeable 3o web by adhesive to provide an odor absorbent medium for, s.g., catamemals.
Particulate carbon, silica gel and activated alumi~ta are noted.
Shiftingldisplsoerrtent of the partiarlates is assertedly avoided and the sheet is flexible. TM
ABSCENTS (odor~ontrol molecular sieve from Union Carbide) fa use ~n 3s dispera and catarttenials are specifically noted in Union Carbide brochure (A.
J. Gioffre 1988). The brochure indicates that UC's market research snows potential benefits in such products. U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,795,482 and 4,826.x97.

~'O 3~I24173 PCT/LJS9S/023R1 _2_ relate to ABSCENTS used as an odor-controlling agent, generally, and in sanitary products, in particular.
Although zeolite, carbon, etc., materials, effectively control many odors associated with body fluids, they do not provide optimal control for perspiration s odor. In addition, perspiration often remains on the top of the pad.
Therefore, by placing the antibacterial active in the topsheet, the present invention provides placement of the active in close proximity to the perspiration itself.
Apertured topsheets provide various benefits such as quick passage of the discharged fluids through the topsheet and into the absorbent core. Also io these topsheets, which do not themselves, absorb fluids, and which are designed to prevent rewet caused by passage of fluid back through the topsheet, provide a more sanitary surface and enhance consumer comfort.
Lastly, apertured topsheets provide increased surface area available for external body fluids to come into contact.
is Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide an article of manufacture, i.e. a panty liner andlor a sanitary napkin, wherein the topsheet provides improved perspiration odor control by placing the active in Gose proximity to the skin of the wearer and by increasing in the surface area of the topsheet for contact with the odoriferous materials.
zo SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, the present invention provides an article of manufacture which minimizes odor caused by bodily fluids, i.e., perspiration, comprising:
A. a liquid pervious topsheet;
B, a liquid impervious backsheet;
zs C. an absorbent core positioned between the topsheet and the backsheet; and D. optionally, a means for supporting the article in an appropriate position to perform its absorbency and odor control function; wherein the topsheet comprises an apertured plastic film containing an effective amount of so zeolite impregnated with a heavy metal ion; preferably the apertured plastic film is selected from the group consisting of apertured formed thermoplastic film, apertured hydroformed thermoplastic film, reticulated thermoplastic film, a thermoplastic scrim, and mixtures thereof; more preferably the topsheet comprises a resilient three-dimensional web exhibiting a fiber-like appearance 3s and tactile impression and comprised of fluid-impervious plastic material, said web having first and second surfaces; the first surtace having a multiplicity of apertures therein, each of the apertures being defined by a multiplicity of intersecting fiber-like elements interconnected to one another in the plane of the first surface, each of the fiber-like elements further exhibiting a substantially uniform U-shaped cross-section along its length, the cross-section comprising a base portion in the plane of the first surface and a side wall portion joined to each edge of the base portion, the sidewall portions extending generally in the direction of the second surface of the web, the intersecting sidewall portions being interconnected to one another intermediate the first and the second surfaces of the web, the interconnected sidewall portions terminating substantially concurrently with one another in the plane of the second surface. Preferably the zeolite impregnated with a heavy metal ion is evenly distributed throughout the topsheet material.
The articles of the present invention provide an increase in the topsheet surface area available for contact with external body fluids such as perspiration, places the antibacterial active in the closest proximity to the skin of the wearer, the active reducing the perspiration malodor by minimizing its formation.
In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an article of manufacture which minimizes the odor that can be caused by bodily fluids and perspiration comprising:
A. a liquid pervious topsheet, comprising a resilient three-dimensional web exhibiting a fiber-like appearance and tactile impression, the web having first and second surfaces, the first surface having a multiplicity of apertures therein, each of the apertures being defined by a multiplicity of intersecting fiber-like elements interconnected to one another in the plane of the first surface, each of the fiber-like elements further exhibiting a substantially uniform U-shaped cross-section along its length, the cross-section comprising a base portion in the plane of the first surface and a side wall portion joined to each edge of the base portion, the sidewall portions extending generally in the direction of the second surface of the web, the intersecting sidewall portions being interconnected to one another intermediate the first and the second - 3a -surfaces of the web, the interconnected sidewall portions terminating substantially concurrently with one another in the plane of the second surface;
B. a liquid impervious backsheet; and C. an absorbent core positioned between the topsheet and the backsheet; and wherein the topsheet contains about 0.05% to about 4% by weight of zeolite impregnated with a heavy metal ion.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
While the specification concludes with claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the present invention, the following description will further illustrate the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a plain view of an absorbent article of the present invention in its flat-out state containing a body contacting apertured topsheet containing an antibacterial agent with portions of the sanitary napkin being cut away.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an absorbent article comprising an apertured topheet containing an antibacterial agent.
FIG. 3 is a greatly enlarged photograph of a segment of a three-dimensional topsheet of the type generally illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an article of manufacturer which minimizes odor caused by bodily fluids, i.e., perspiration, comprising;
A. a liquid pervious topsheet;
B. a liquid impervious backsheet;
C. an absorbent core positioned between the topsheet and the backsheet; and D. optionally, a means for supporting the article in an appropriate position to perform its absorbency and odor control function; wherein the 1VU 9j~14173 ~ ~ ~ PCT~'US)SJ02381 topsheet comprises an apertured plastic film containing an effective amount, preferably from about 0.05% to about 4°~, more preferably from about 0.5°!° to about 2°.6 of zeotite impregnated with a heavy metal ion; preferably the apertured plastic film is selected from the group consisting ofi apertured formed s thermoplastic film, apertured hydroformed thermoplastic film, reticulated thermoplastic film, a thermoplastic scrim and mixtures thereof; more preferably the topsheet comprises a resilient three-dimensional web exhibiting a fiber-like appearance and tactile impression and comprised of fluid-impervious plastic material, said web having first and second surfaces, the first surface having a io multiplicity of apertures therein, each of the apertures being defined by a multiplicity of intersecting fiber-like elements interconnected to one another in the plane of the first surface, each of the fiber-like elements further exhibiting a substantially uniform lJ-shaped cross-section along its length, the cross-section comprising a base portion in the plane of the first surface and a side is wall portion joined to each edge of the base portion, the sidewall portions extending generally in the direction of the second surtace of the web, the intersecting sidewall portions being interconnected to one another intermediate the first and the second surfaces of the web, the interconnected sidewall portions terminating substantially concurrently with one another in the as plane of the second surface.
Preferably the metal ion is selected from the group consisting of silver, zinc, copper, and mixtures thereof. Topsheet zeolites are selected from the group consisting of A-type zeolite (SiOZA1203=1.4 to 2.4), X-type zeolite (SiOZA1203=2 to 3), Y-type zeolite (SiOZA1203=3 to 6), and mixtures thereof.
2s Preferred zeolites are synthetic A-type zeolites, X-type zeolites, and mixtures thereof.
The zeolite carrier in the topsheet of the articles of the present invention, comprises an aluminatel silicate framework, with associated actions, M, providing overall electrical neutrality. Empirically, the zeolite framework 3o can be represented as x A102. y Si02 and the electrically neutral zeolite as xln M . x A102 . y Si02 . z H20 wherein: x and y are each integers, M is a ion-exchangeable metal ion, which , 3s is usually the ian of a monovalent or divalent metal and n is the valence of the metal. As noted by the empirical formula, zeolites may also comprise waters of hydration (z H20).

WO 9512.1173 PC'rIUS951023ti1 Topsheet zeolites are selected from the group consisting of A-type zeolite (SiO~A1203=1.4 to 2.4);, X-type zeolite (Si0ZA1203=2 to 3), Y-type zeolite (Si02~A120g=3 to 6), and mixtures thereof. Preferred zeolites are synthetic A-type zeolites, X-type zeolites, and mixtures thereof.
- s In addition to the above sources of zeolites, polyethylene (low density) film containing about 2°~ of a silver/zinc mixture is available from Kanebo USA
under the tradename LDPE Bactikilier~ AZ Film.
Optionally, the absorbent core of the articles of the present invention comprise an effective amount of an adjunct odor-controlling agent, preferably to from about 0.01 g to about 15 g per article, more preferably from about 0.1 g to about 10.0 g per article, the adjunct odor controlling agent selected from the group consisting of:
a. zeolite;
b. activated carbon;
is c. silica gel;
d. moisture activated encapsulated perfume;
e. cyGodextrin;
f. activated alumina; and g. mixtures thereof.
zo Articles of the present invention can be made by constituents which are well known in the art. Also, methods and apparatus for assembling catamenials are also known in the art. Not intending to be limiting, the following exemplifies the articles of the present invention.
As used herein, the term "absorbent artiGe" refers to devices which 2s absorb and contain body exudates, and, more specifically, refers to devices which are placed against or in proximity to the body of the wearer to absorb and contain the various exudates discharged from the body. A "unitary"
absorbent article refers to absorbent articles which are formed of separate parts united together to form a coordinated entity so that they do not require so separate manipulative parts like a separate holder and pad. A preferred embodiment of a unitary disposable absorbent article of the present invention is the catamenial pad, sanitary napkin 20, shown in Figure 1. As used herein, the term "sanitary napkin" refers to an absofient article which is worn by females adjacent to the pudendal region, generally external to the urogenital 3s region, and which is intended to absorb and contain menstrual fluids and other vaginal discharges from the wearer's body (e.g., blood, menses, and urine).
Interiabiai devices which reside partially within and partially external of the ~V<) 95I2:J T73 PCCIL1S95102381 2~s~~o~
-b-wearer's vestibule are also within the scope of this invention. As used herein, the term "pudendat" refers to the externally visible female genitalia. It should be understood, however, that the present invention is also applicable to other feminine hygiene or catamenial pads such as pantiliners, or other absorbent s articles such as incontinence pads, and the like.
Figure 1 is a plan view of the sanitary napkin 20 of the present invention in its flat-out state with portions of the structure being cut-away to more clearly show the construction of the sanitary napkin 20 and with the portion of the sanitary napkin 20 which faces or contacts the wearer, oriented towards the To viewer. As shown in Figure 1, the sanitary napkin 20 preferably comprises a liquid pervious topsheet 22, a liquid impervious backsheet 23 joined with the topsheet 22, an absorbent core 24 and secondary topsheet 27 positioned between the topsheet 22 and the backsheet 23.
The sanitary napkin 20 has two surfaces, a body-contacting surtace or Ts "body surface" 20a and a garment surtace 20b. The sanitary napkin 20 is shown in Figure 1 as viewed from its body surface 20a. The body surface 20a is intended to be wom adjacent to the body of the wearer while the garment surface 20b is on the opposite side and is intended to be placed adjacent to the wearer's undergarments when the sanitary napkin 20 is worn. The sanitary zo napkin 20 has two centerlines, a longitudinal centerline L and a transverse centerline T. The term "longitudinal", as used herein, refers to a line, axis or direction in the plane of the sanitary napkin 20 that is generally aligned with (e.g., approximately parallel to) a vertical plane which bisects a standing wearer into left and right body halves when the sanitary napkin 20 is wom.
zs The terms "transverse" or "lateral" as used herein, are interchangeable, and refer to a line, axis or direction which lies within the plane of the sanitary napkin 20 that is generally perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
Figure 1 also shows that the sanitary napkin 20 has a periphery 30, which is defined by the outer edges of the sanitary napkin 20 in which the longitudinal edges are so designated 31 and the end edges are designated 32.
While the topsheet, the backsheet, and the absorbent core may be assembled in a variety of well known configurations (including so called "tube"
products or side flap products), preferred sanitary napkin configurations are described generally in U.S. Patent 4,850,264, 'Thin, Flexible Sanitary Napkin," , 3s Osbom, issued on August 21, 7990; U.S. Patent 4,425,130, "Compound Sanitary Napkin," DesMarais, issued on January 10, 1984; U.S. Patent 4,321,924, "Bordered Disposable Absorbent Article," Ahr, issued on March 30, V~'O 951211 i3 PCT~'L.'S95/0:381 -7_ 1982; U.S. Patent 4,589,876, "Shaped Sanitary Napkin With Flaps", Van Tilburg, issued on August 18, 1987.
Figure 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the sanitary napkin 20 in s which the topsheet 22 and the backsheet 23 have length and width dimensions generatly larger than those of the absorbent core 24. The topsheet 22 and the backsheet 23 extend beyond the edges of the absorbent core 24 to thereby form not only portions of the periphery but also side flaps or wings 34.
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the sanitary napkin 20 taken along to section line 2-2 of Figure 1. Figure 2 shows the secondary topsheet 27, just below the topsheet 22. The wing 34 is an extension of the topsheet 22. The fastening means 36 together with the release liner 37 maintains the artiGe in place so that it can perform its intended function.
FIG. 3 is a plan view photograph enlarged approximately 27 times is actual size of a preferred embodiment of a trues-dimensional, fiber-like, fluid pervious plastic topsheet 22 of the present invention. As can be seen in the enlarged photograph of FIG. 3, the web's fiber-like appearance is comprised of a continuum of fiber-like elements, each end of the fiber-like elements being interconnected to at least one other of said fiber-like elements. The fiber-like io plastic topaheet 22 is particularly well suited for use as a topsheet in a sanitary napkin of the type generally illustrated in FIG. 1. FIG 3 is an illustration of the body surface 20s of the topsheet Z2. The topsheet 22, which exhibits a fiber-like appearance, embodies a trues-dimensional microstructure comprising a regulated continuum of capillary networks of steadily decreasing size is extending from the uppen~nost a body aurfsG 20a to the Iowertnost or garrr>ent suf'fsoe ZOb thereof to promote rapid liquid transport from the body scrfsce ZOa to the garment awfacs 20b surface of the topsheet without lateral transmission of said liquid between adjacent capillary networks.
A typical capillary network of the type generally shown in FIG. 3 3o comprises an uppsrrnost capillary opening 38 formed by s multipliuty of primary fiber-like elements, i.e. elements.
The topsheet 22 is compliant, soft feeling, and non-irritating to the vwarer's skin. Further, the topsheet 22 is liquid pervious permitting liquids (e.g., menses sndlor urine) to readily penetrate through its thickness. A
3s suitable topshest 22 is manufactured from materials such as apertured formed thsrtnoplastic films, apsrtured plastic films, apertured hydroformed thermoplastic films; reticulated thermoplastic films; and thermoplastic swims ..v ~~~~~w~ CA 02185107 2000-O1-OS PCTn~59«02381 _8_ The topsheets of the present invention are described in detail in U.S. Patent 4,342,314 entitled "Resilient Plastic Web Exhibiting Fiber-Like Properties."
Radel et al., issued on August 3, 1982.
Preferred s methods of maK~ng the topsneets of the present invention are disclosed in USP 4,637,819, Ouellette st al., issued on Jan. 20, 1987 and USP 4,839.216, Curro et al., issued Jun. 13, 1989.
The apertured topsheets of the present invention are pervious to body exudates and yet non-absorbent and have a reduced tendency to allow liquids io to pass back through and rewet the wearers skin. Thus, the surface of the apertured topsheet which is in contact with the body remains dry, thereby reducing body soiling and seating a more comfortable feel for tha wearer.
Other formed films are described in U.S. Patent 3,929,135, entitled "Absorptive Structures Having Tapered Capillaries," Thompson, which issued is on December 30, 1975; U.S. Patent 4,324,246 entitled "Disposable Absorbent ArtiGs Having A Stain Resistant Topsheet", Mullane, et al., issued on April 13, 1982; U.S. Patent 4,463,045 entitled "Macroscopically Expanded Thrss Dimensional Plastic Web Exhibiting Non-Glossy Visible Surface and Cloth Liks Tsdile Impression", Atir et al., issued on July 31, 1984; and U. S.
Zo 5.006.394 "Multilsver Pohrmeric Film", Baird, issued on April 9, 1991.
Other preferred topsneets for the present invention are the formed film described in one or more of the above patents and marketed on sanitary na~k'~tns by The Procter 8~ Gamble Company of Cirtamati, Ohio as "DRI-WEAVE".
a In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the body surface of tha lGopsheet is hydrophilic so as to help liquid to transfer through the topsheet fsstar lhan if tha body surface was not hydrophilic. This will diminish the likelihood that menstrual fluid and perspirstion will flow off the topsheet rather than flowing into and being absorbed by the absorbent core. In a preferred 3o embodiment, surfactant is incorporated into the polymeric. materials of the fOftflld ~IIT tOpShlet such 8S 18 described in C a n a d i a n p a t a n t application No. 2,123,904 filed October 30, 1992 33 Alternatively, the body surface of the topsheet can be made hydrophilic by treating it with a surfactant such as is described in the above referenced U.S. 4,950,254.

W095IZi173 CA 02185107 2000-O1-OS - PCT/L,'S95102381 _g.
The absorbent core 24 may be any absorbent means which is capable of absorbing or retaining liquids (e.g., menses andlor urine). The absorbent core 24 may be manufactured in a wide variety of sizes and shapes (e.g., rectangular, oval, hourglass, dog bone, asymmetric, etc. ) and from a wide s variety of liquid~absorbent materials commonly used in sanitary napkins and other absorbent artiGes such as comminuted wood pulp which is generally referred to as airfelt Examples of other suitable absorbent materials include cxeped cellulose wadding; menblown polymers inGuding coform; chemically stiffened, modified or cross-linked cellulosic fibers; synthetic fibers such as to gimped polyester fiber; pest moss; tissue inducting tissue wraps and tissue laminates; absorbent foams; absorbent sponges; superabsorbent polymers;
absorbent gelling materials; or any equivalent material or combinations of materials, or mixtures of these. The configuration and construction of the absorbent core may also be varied (e.g., the absorbent core may have varying is caliper =ones) (e.g., profiled so as to be thicker in the center), hydrophilic gradients, supsrabsorbent gradients, or lower density and lower average basis weight acquisition zones; or may comprise one a more layers or structures).
The total absorbent capacity of the absorbent core should, however, be compatible with the design loading and the intended use of the sanitary Zo napkin. Further, the size and absorbent capacity of the absorbent core may be varied to accommodate different uses such as incontinence pads, pantiliners, regular sanitary napkins, or overnight sanitary napkins.
Exemplary absorbent stnrcturos for use as the absorbent core of the present invention an described in U.S. Patent 4,950,264 entitled 'Then.
is Flexible Sanitary Napkin" issued to Osbom on August 21, 1990.
A proferred embodiment of the acsoroent con of the preser>< invention optionally comprises an effective amount of an adjtx>ct odor-conb~olling asgent, preferably from about 0.01 g to about 15 g per more preferably from about o. ~ g to about 10.0 g per artiGe, the odor 3o controlling agent selected from the group consisting of:
i~
a. zeolite;
b. activated carbon;
a silica gN;
d. moisture activated encapsulated perfume;
3s e. cyGodextrin;
f. activated alumina; and g. mixtures thereof.

...-.-.. .. CA 02185107 2000-O1-OS PCT~'iS9~i0:381 - 10_ The backsheet 23 and the topsheet 22 are positioned adjacent the garment surface 20b and the body surface 20a, respectively, of the absorbent core 24 and are preferably joined thereto and to each other by attachment means (not shown) such as those well known in the art. For example, the s badcsheet 23 andlor the topsheet 22 may be secured to the absorbent core 24 or to each other by a uniform continuous layer of adhesive, a patterned layer of adhesive, or an array of separate lines, spirals, or spots of adhesive.
Adhesives which have been found to be satisfactory are manufactured by H. B.
Fuller Company of St. Paul, Minnesota under the designation HL-1258 or H-io 2031. The attachment means will preferably comprise an open pattern network of filaments of adhesive as is disGosad in U. S. Patent 4, 573, 986 entitled "Disposable Waste-Containment Garment", which issued to Minetola, at al. on March 4, 1986.
exemplary attachment means of an open pattern network of filaments is comprises several lines of adhesive filaments swirled into a spiral pattern such as illustrated by the apparatus and method shown in U.S. Patent 3,911,173 issued to Sprague, Jr. on October 7, 1975; U.S. Patent 4,785,996 issued to Zieker, et al. on November Z2, 1978; and U.S. Patent 4,842,666 issued to Werenict on June Z7, 1989.
Zo Alternatively, the attachment means may comprise heat bonds, pressure bonds, ultrasonic bonds, dynamic mechanical bonds, or any other suitable attar means or combinations of these attachment means as are known in the alt The bsdcsheet 23 is impervious to liquids (e.g.; menses andlor urine) is and is preferably rnanufsctursd from a thin plastic film, although other flexible liquid impervious materials may also be used. A: used herein, the term '~le~oble" refers to materials which are compliant and will readily conform to the ger»ral shape and contours of the human body. The backsheet 23 prevents the wardatss absorbed and contained in the absorbent core 24 from wetting 3o amides which contsd the sanitary napkin 20 such as pmts, pajamas and undergarments. The badcsheet 23 may thus comprise a woven or nonwoven material, polymeric films such as thermoplastic films of polyethylene or polypropylene, or composite materials such as a film-coated nonwoven material. Preferably, the backsheet is a polyethylene film having a thickness 3s of from about 0.012 mm (0.5 mil) to about 0.051 mm (2.0 mils). Exemplary polyethylene films are manufactured by Clopay Corporation of Cincinnati.
Ohio, under the designation P18-0401 and by Ethyl Corporation, Visqueen wo 95ns 173 ca o 2 i s s i o ~ 2 0 0 0 - o i - o s Pcrnl s~ro23s t Division, of Terra Haute, Indiana, under the designation XP-39365. The backsheet is preferably embossed andlor matte finished to provide a more clothlike appearance. Further, the backsheet 23 may permit vapors to escape from the absorbent core 24 (i.e., breathable) while still preventing exudates s from passing through the badcsheet 23.
In use, the sanitary napkin 20 can be held in place by any support means, fastening means, or attachment means 3b well-known for such purposes. Preferably, the sanitary napkin is placed in the user's undergarment or panty and secured thereto by~ s fastener such as an adhesive. The io adhesive provides s means for secwing the sanitary napkin in the notch portion of the panty. Thus, a portion or all of the outer surface of the backsheet 23 is coated with adhesive. Any adhesive or glue used in the art for such purposes can be used for the adhesive herein, with pressure-sensitive adhesives being preferred. Suitable adhesives are Century A-305-N
is manufactured M v the Century Adhesives Corporation of Columbus, Ohio: and Instant Lock 34-2823 manufactured by the National Stand, and Chemical Company of Bridgewater, NJ. Suitable adhesive fasteners are also described in U.S. Patent 4,917,697. Before the sanitary napkin is placed in use, the pressure-sensitive adhesive is typically covered Zo with a removable release liner 37 in order to keep the adhesive from drying out a adhering to s surface other than the crotch portion of the panty prior to use. Suitable rolease liners an also described in the above-referenced U. S.
Patent 4,917,697. Any commercially available release liners commonly used for arch purposes can be utilized herein. Non-limiting examples of suitable a release liners an BL30MG-A Silox E110 and BL30MG-A Silox 4PI0 both of are mar~sdund by the Akrosil Corporation of Menasha, WI. The san~ryy napkin ZO of the present invention is used by removing the release liner and therearter plating the ssnksrY nsPwn in a psrriy so that the adhesive tads the panty, The adhesive maintains tM sanitary napkin in its position 3o within the panty during use. , In a preferred embodiment of the Present invention, tie sanitary napkin has two flaps 34 each of which are adjacent to and extend laterally from the s;~ ~ of the absorbent core. The flaps are configured to drape over the edges of the wearers panties in the crotch region so that the flaps are 3s disposed between the edges ct the '"bays panties and the thighs. The flaps serve three purposes. First, the flaps help serve to prevent soiling of the weareras body and panties by menstrual fluid, preferably by fom~ing a double ..vy~m~w CA 02185107 2000-O1-OS PCT/C595~0:381 wall barrier along the edges of the panty. Second, the flaps are preferably provided with attachment means on their garment surface so that the flaps can be folded back under the panty and attached to the garment facing side of the panty. In this way, the flaps serve to keep the sanitary napkin properly s positioned in the panty. lastly, articles with flaps have inueased surface area of the topsheet so that potentially a greater amount of zeolite impregnated with a heavy metal ion will come into contact with odoriferous material, i.e.
perspiration.
The flaps can be constructed of various materials including materials to similar to the topsheet, badcsheet, tissue, or combination of these materials, but .preferably is constructed of the topsheet materials. When these flaps are constructed of the apertured film topsheet of the present invention, then the zsolite imprognated with heavy metal ions, can be incorporated into the top layer of the flaps. Further, the flaps may be a separate element attached to is the main body of the napkin or can comprise extensions of the topsheet and bsdcsheet (i.e., unitary). A number of sanitary napkins having flaps suitable or adaptable for use with the sanitary napkins of the present invention are disclosed in U.S. 4,687,478 entitled "Shaped Sanitary Napkin With Flaps", which issued to Van Tilburg on August 18, 1987; U.S. 4,589,876 entitled io "Sanitary Napkin", which issued to Vsn Tilburg on May 20, 1986; and U. S.
4,608,047, entitled "Sanitary Napkin Attachment Means", which issued to Mattinflly on August 26, 1986, In s preferred embodiment of the presets invention, an acquisition is layers) 2T may be positioned between the topsheet and the absorbent core.
The acquisition layer 27 may serve several functions inGuding improving widdnp o1 ~ardates over and into the absorbent core. Them are several reasons why ft» irnprowd wicking of sxudstes is important, inGuding providing a more even distribution of the sxudates throughout the absorbent 3o con and allowing the sanitary napkin 20 to be made rsl istively thin. (The wicking referred to herein may encompass the transportation of liquids in one, two or all directions (i.e, in the x-Y Plane andla in the =~liredion). The acquisition layer may be comprised of several different materials including nonwoven or woven webs of synthetic fibers inGuding polyester, 3s polypropylene, a polyethylene; natural fibers including cotton or cellulose;
blends of such fibers; or any equivalent materials or combinations of materials.
Examples of sanitary napkins having an acquisition layer and a topsheet are W095/Li173 CA 02185107 2000-O1-OS p~n;g95102381 more fully described in U.S. 4,950,264 issued to Osbom and Canadian patent application No. 2,123,904 filed October 30, 1992.
s In a preferred embodiment, the acquisition layer may be joined with the topsheet by any of the conventional means for joining webs together, most preferably by fusion bonds as is more fully described in the above-referenced Cree application.
While partiarlar embodiments of the present invention have been to illustrated and described, various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore the appended Gaims cover all such change. and modifications that are within the scope of this invention.
Octional Adjunct Odor-Controlling Aoents is The artiGes of this invention can optionally contain an effective, i.e., odor-controlling, amount of an adjunct odor-controlling agent, preferably from about 0.01 g to about 15 g per artiGe, more preferably from about 0.1 g to about 10.0 g per artiGe, the odor controlling agent selected from the group consisting of:
Zo a. zsolite;
b. activated carbon;
a silica gel;
d. moisture activated encapsulated perfume;
e. cyyGGodexain;
is f. sdivatsd alumina; and g. mixnrres thereof.
In general terms, traditional zeolites comprise an aluminate/ silicate 3o framework, with sssociated actions, M, providing overall electrical neutrality. Empirically, the zso~ite framework can bs represented as x AIO2 y Si0 end the elearically I zsofite as 3s x!n M . x AIO . y Si0 . z H20 wherein: x and y ari each in~egers, ~ is a ration and n is the charge on the ration. As noted by the empirical formula, zeolites may also comprise waters .rvya~t;W - CA 02185107 2000-O1-OS p[TIi59~~02381 of hydration (z H20). M can be a wide variety of rations, e.g.. Na+, K+, NH4;, alkylammonium, and the like.
A preferred class of zeolites useful as the optional adjunct odor controlling agent is characterized as "intermediate" silicatelaluminate zeolites.
s The "intermediate" zeolites are characterized by Si02/A102 molar ratios of less than about 10. Typically, the molar ratio of Si02 IA102 will range from about 2 to about 10. The intermediate zeolites are dis~osed n U.S. Pat. Nos.
4,795,482 and 4,826,497. ,~ The intermediate zeolites have ~ larger surface area (about 700-800 m Ig) versus to high zeolites (about 400 m Ig). Therefas, less intermediate zeolite may be needed to absorb a given amount of odor, etc., on a weight to weight basis.
Also, intermediate zeolites are more moisture tolerant and retain more absorbing capacity in the presence of water.
A wide variety of interrnedj~te zeolites suitable for use herein are is commercially avsitsbM ss VALFOR CP301~8, VALFO~~'300~3, VALFO~M
CP300-35, VALFOR CP300-56, and CBV 400 ttuough CBV 760 Series, all from PD Corporation.
The zeolites used herein are not of the fibrous type, e.g., various Mordenites, and some types of Y zeolites, since these may be subject to safety Zo issues. Accordingly, the term "zeolits" ss used herein is intended to encompass only the nonfibrous zeolites. While some naturally~carmng zeolites meet the objedivss of this invention, the synthetic zeolites of the types available in commerce are generally more preferred. Synthetic zeolites include A-type zeolite (SiOZAl203=1.4 to 2.4), X-type zeolite (SiOZAl203=2 Zs to 3), and Y-type zeolite (SiOZAl203=3 to 6). Preferred zsolites are synthetic Y-type zsolites.
Even though interrnediats zsolites are preferred, high zeolites can be employed as adjunct odor conVolling agents in the practice of this invention alone a in combination with the intermediate ratio zeolitss. High zsolites 3o include, for example, the well-known "molearlsr sieve" zeolites of the 1SM.
beta zeolite, eta, type (generally in the 1-10 miaon particle size range) and the zsolite materials marketed under the trade name ABSCENTS by the Unlon Carbide Corporation and UOP. ABSCENTS are typically available as a white powder in the 3-5 miaon particle size range (See: ABSCENTS. A New 3s Approsd~ for Odor Control by A. J. Gioffre, copyright 1988 by the Union Carbide Corporation).
Various other mod~ed zeolite-type materials which can be used ~n the - 1$ -present invention, such as the manganese-aluminum-phosphorus-silicon-oxide molecular sieves and other zeolite odor-controlling compositions are described in U. S.
Pat. Nos. 4,793,833, Lok et al.; 4,604,110; 4,437,429; and 4,648,977.
Carbon Odor-Controlling Agent The carbon material employed herein is the material well known in commercial practice as an adsorbent for organic molecules and/or for air purification purposes. Carbon suitable for use herein is available from a variety of commercial sources under trade names such as CALGON Type "CPG", Type "PCB", Type "SGL", Type "CAL", and Type "OL". Often, such carbon material is referred to simply as "activated" carbon or "activated" charcoal. It is to be understood that any of the "air purifying" or "activated" carbons of commerce can be used in the practice of this invention.
If the zeolites herein are optionally used in conjunction with the activated carbon, it is preferred (for aesthetics reasons) to coat the carbon with the zeolite using 1 S a binder.
Moisture-Activated Encapsulated Perfume The compositions and articles of this invention optionally contain an effective amount of various moisture-activated encapsulated perfume particles. Such materials include, for example, cyclodextrin/perfume inclusion complexes, polysaccharide cellular matrix perfume microcapsules, and the like. Encapsulation of perfume minimizes interaction with, and/or depletion by, odor-absorbing materials before use of the product. Perfume is released when the materials are wetted, to provide a pleasant odor signal in use. Especially preferred are cyclodextrin inclusion complexes of volatile perfumes, with a particle size of less than about 12 microns.
Canadian patent application No. 2,013,485 filed March 30, 1990, discloses the formation of cyclodextrin/perfume inclusion complexes. A description of appropriate cyclodextrin/perfume complex particle size is also disclosed in Canadian patent application No. 2,013,485.
It is essential that at least an effective amount of the cyclodextrin/perfume complex be applied to the article. Effective amounts are typically in the range of from about 0.005 g to about 10 g, preferably from about 0.01 g to about 3 g, more preferably from about 0.02 g to about 1 g per article.

V1~'095/IJ173 ' PCTIL'595~02381 Perfum The perfumes which can optionally be incorporated into the articles of this invention are the conventional ones known in the art. Selection of any perfume component, or amount of perfume, is based on functional and s aesthetic considerations. Preferred perfume components useful in the present invention are highly volatile and moderately volatile perfume ingredients, more preferably the highly volatile, low boiling perfumes.
The highly volatile, low boiling, perfume ingredients typically have boiling points of about 250°C or lower. These highly volatile perfumes are to Resting and are quickly lost as they are released. Many of the more moderately volatile perfume ingredients are also quiddy lost. The moderately volatile perfume ingredients are those having boiling points of from about 250°C to about 3t70°C. Many perfume ingredients along with their odor characxsra, and their physical and chemical properties, such as boiling point is and molecular weight, are given in "Perfume and Flavor Chemicals (Aroma Chemicals)," Steffen Arasnder, published by the author, 1969.
Examples of moderately volatile perfume ingredients and highly volatile, low boiling, perfume ingredients are disclosed in 20 Canadian patent application 2,013,485 filed March 30, 1940.
Matrix Perfume Miaocaosules Water-soluble cellular matrix peAume miaocapsules are solid particles containing perfum. stsbly held in the cells. The water-soluble matrix material a cort>prises mainly polysaaharide and polyhydroxy compounds. The polysaccharides an prefarably higher polysaccharides of the non-sweet, colloidaliy~olubls types, such as natural gums, e.p., gum arabic, starch derivatives, d~rinized and hydrolyzed starches, and the like. The poiyhydnoxy compounds are preferably alcohols, plant-type sugars, lactones, 3o monoethers, end scetsls. The cellular matrix miaocapsulea useful in the present invention are prepared by, e.g., (1 ) forming an aqueous phase of the polyssxharide and polyhydroxy compound in proper proportions, with added smuls'lflsr if necessary or desirable; (2) emulsifying the perfumes in the aqueous phase; and (3) removing moisture while the mass is plastic or 3s ' flowable, e.g., by spray drying droplets of the emulsion. The matrix materials and process details are disclosed in, s.g., U.S. Pat. No. 3,971,852, 8renner et al., issued July 27, 1976, '0 96124 t73 , 2 ? 8 51 p 7 PCTlUS9i/0..3$1 1~ -The present invention preferably has minimal non-encapsulated surface perfume, preferably less than about 1 °~.
Moisture-activated perfume microcapsules can be obtained commercially, e.g., as IN-CAPR from Polak's Frutal Works, Inc., Middletown, s New York; and as Optilok Systems encapsulated pertumes from Encapsulated Technology, Inc., Nyack, New York.
Water-soluble matrix perfume microcapsules preferably have size of from about 0.5 micron to about 300 microns, more preferably from about 1 micron to about 200 microns, most preferably from about 2 microns to about to 100 microns.
It is essential that at least an effective amount of the water-activated matrix perfume microcapsules be applied to the article. Effective amounts are typically in the range of from about 0.001 g to about 5 g, preferably from about 0.005 g to about 1 g, more preferably from about 0.01 g to about 0.5 g, per is article.
Incomoration of Encapsulated Pertume into Absorbent Articles Small particle size cyclodextrinlperfume complexes can be applied to the fluid absorbent articles by uniformly sprinkling, mixing, or distributing the cyclodextriNperfume complex powder onto the fluid absorbent materials.
zo However, it is commonly known that when in use, the body fluid is not normally distributed to the whole fluid absorbent article, e.g., sanitary napkin, but usually localized in a portion of the article. Similarly, it is not necessary to apply the cyclodextriNperfume complex powder to the en#ire fluid absorbent article. Preferably, cyclodextriNperfume complex powder is applied to areas 2s most likely to be wetted by body fluids to avoid waste in the areas which do not normally receive the body fluids.
Furthermore, when distributed as a dry powder, the cyclo-dextriNperfume complex partiGes may shift away from the preferred locations, and move to the areas where they have less chance to be solubilized by the so body fluids, and become less effective. The shifting happens both during the manufacturing processes, e.g., folding, and packaging of the articles, and ' during later steps, e.g., transportation, and unfolding and refolding of the fluid absorbent article in use. Therefore, it is preferred to provide a means to immobilize the cyclodextrinlpertume complex powder on the preferred as locations in the fluid absorbent articles.
Immobitizafion can be accomplished by a variety of methods, i.e., hot-melt adhesives, thermoplastic binder fibers, thermoplastic binder particles, or W'U 95I2~1'3 ~ ~ ~ PCTIUS9SI02381 other methods known to those skilled in the art.
A preferred method is to use a water-soluble binder to attach the cyclodextriNperfume complex powder to the fluid absorbent core andlor topsheets. The water-soluble binders are preferably polymeric. They can be .' s low melting polymers such as polyethylene glycols (PEG), polyethylene glycol) methyl ethers, or mixtures thereof. Preferred low melting water-soluble PEG materials have the general formula RO-(CH CH O) -R wherein each R
is a hydrogen radical, a C -C alkyl radical, or mZxtures o~ such radicals, and have an average moiecula~ we ght (MW) of from about 600 to about 20,000 (n io is from about 13 to about 450). More preferred PEG materials are polyethylene glycols, polyethylene glycol) methyl ethers, or mixtures thereof, with MW of from about 1,000 to about 9,000 (n from about 20 to about 200), more preferably from about 1,400 to about 4,500 (n from about 30 to about 100). The weight ratio of the cyclodextriNperfume complex to the PEG
is material is from about 3a to about 1:5, preferably from about 2:1 to about 1:3.
A preferred process of attaching cyclodextriNperfume complex powder involves admixing solid small-particle-sized cyclodextrinJpertume complex powder with a molten hydrophilic PEG material. The molten mixture can be sprayed directly to the dry fluid absorbent materials or topsheets, then letting 2o the droplets solidify on said materials or nonwoven topsheets. Another pre-ferred method is to pulverize the solidified cyclodextrin complexlbinder mixture into small particles first. Said particles can then be attached and immobilized to the surface of the fluid absorbent materials or the nonwoven topsheets by distributing the particles on said surtace, melting. said particles by, e.g., a heat zs source, and then resolidifying to bind said particles to said surtace. At the cyclodextriNperfume complex to the PEG material weight ratio of from about 3:1 to about 1:3, the molten mixture can be solidified to room temperature then pulverized at room temperature or cryogenically. At the cyclodextriNperfume complex to the PEG material weight ratio of from about 1:2 to about 1:5, the so molten mixture can be grilled by, e.g., spray drying, marumarizing, etc., into solid grills. The solid cyclodextriNperfume compIexIPEG material mixture particles preferably have sizes of from about 10 microns to about 1,000 microns; more preferably from about 20 miaans to about 600 microns.
Another preferred method is to apply the cyclodextrinlpertume complex 3s slurry to the fluid absorbent material and/or nonwoven topsheet. Upon drying, the small particles of the cyclodextrin complex adhere to the absorbent material and are immobilized on said material. This can be done, e.g., by W095lZi173 CA 02185107 2000-O1-OS pn'/Z;Sgs~OZ381 spraying the cyciodextriNperfume complex slung onto the already formed and dry absorbent fiber web.
It is also preferred to incorporate a water-soluble polymer, such as PEG, polyvinyl alcohols, polyacrylic acids, and polyvinylpyrrolidone into the s aqueous cyclodextriNperfume complex slung after the complex has been formed. The aqueous mixture is distributed, e.g., by spraying, to the fluid absorbent materials or the nonwroven topsheets, then the resulting combination is dried, and thus attaching the cyGodextrin to said fluid absorbent materials or topsheets. Preferred MW of said polymers are from to about 1,000 to about 200,000; more preferred are from about 2.000 to about 100,000.
~vclodextrin As used herein, the term "cycfodextrin" (uncomplexed) inGudes any of the known cyclodexVins such as unsubstituted cyclodextrins containing from Is six to twelve glucose units, especially, alpha-, beta-, and gamma-cyclodextrins, andlor their derivatives, andlor mixtures thereof. A more complete disGosure of uncomplsxed cyclodextrins which optionally be used in the articles of the pflslnt InVentlOn are dlsClOSed in ~ a n a d i a n p a t a n t a p p 1 i c a t i o n 2,013,485 filed March 30, 1990.
An percentages, ratios, and parts herein, in the Specification, Examples, and Claims, ere by weight and are approximations unless otherwise stated.
The folk~wirp sn noMimiting examples of the present invention.
m11 a A imrnsional apertured polymeric web of this invention is made using the process disclosed in U. S. Pat. 4.839.216, Curro st al., issued on June 13, 1989.
A web o1 non-apertured poly(ethyiene) film 11 (LDPE Bactekiller A~
1'ji available from Ksnebo USA containing about 1 x of zeolite impregnated 3o with a heavy metal ion) is fed onto the forming stn~cture at 'a speed of about 360 feet per minute and is subjected to a high pressure water jet. The forming stnrctun uses a sawn having a pattern of shaped apertures. This particular screen has a repeating geometric pattern of non-equilateral pentagon shaped holes 97 of about 0.035 inches in size with the width of metal between the 3s holes of about 0.007 inches. The flow of water from spray nozzles is evenly spaced about 1.25 inches apart and cantered across the web of the film. The spray nozzles are type 2540 wash jets available from Spraying System Co .

~VO9512.1173 2185107 PCT/US~5I023RI

Wheaton, III. They provide a flat spray at the angle of about 25 degrees.
Water is supplied to the nozzles at a temperature of about 178°I=
and at a pressure of about 1150 prig. The nozzles are set such that the spray angle is about 25 degrees parallel to and centered in the cross-machine direction.
s The resulting apertured topsheet is dried of residual water by blotting with an absorbent medium or by blowing warm air over or through the sheet. ' xam le 2 A trifold wet-laid tissue containing approximately 5 g of absorbent gelling material per square foot (which yields about 0.68 g absorbent gelling material io per sanitary napkin pad at a folded size of 20 cm X 7 cm) is used as the core.
An additional piece of tissue is positioned on top of the core as a secondary topsheet.
The absorbent structure prepared as above is placed on top of a slightly larger piece of polyethylene backsheet, with the piece of tissue exposed on is top. A formed-film topsheet of the type disclosed in Example 1 is coated evenly on its underside with about 0.03 g of a latex adhesive, and excess adhesive is wiped off. The topsheet is rolled with a glass rod to ensure good contact and proper application of adhesive. The topsheet is then placed on top of the above-prepared core assembly. To ensure good topsheet-to-core 2o bonding, the topsheet is weighted with a piece of Plexiglas.
The assembly is sealed together at the edges with a hot iron using a metal mold of the desired shape attached to and heated by the iron. The overall product consists of: Bactekiller~ containing topsheetltissuelabsorbent corelbacksheet. Optionally, adhesive can be applied on the outside of the zs backsheet of the pad for affixing the artiGe to undergarments. The topsheet of the product is sprayed with about 0.03 g of Pegosperse 200ML nonionic surfactant (PEG 200) to hydrophilize the fluid-receiving surface of the topsheet.
While the foregoing illustrates the preparation of a sanitary napkin in 3o the manner of this invention, an entirely similar operation can be employed to prepare a pantiliner (generally of the dimensions approximately 14 cm X 5 cm) with appropriate modifications of the amount of the ingredients, as noted here in above.
Example 3 3s ~ A trifold wet-laid tissue containing approximately 5 g of absorbent gelling material per square foot (which yields about 0.68 g absorbent gelling material per sanitary napkin pad at a folded size of about 20 cm X 7 cm) is yi'O~)512~173 ~ PCTl1iS95I42381 used to prepare the cbre. The trifold tissue laminate is sprayed with fine mist of water and opened to expose the absorbent gelling material. About 0.5g of Vaifor CP300-56 zeolite is sprinkled onto the AGM. The two sides of the tissue are folded back to their original position, thereby sealing the absorbent s gelling material and zeolite inside. The sfill moist core is resealed by using a hot iron, pressing firmly. About 0.2 g of cyclodextriNpertume polyethylene glycol) [PEG] complex is sprinkled onto the dry core, with a higher concentration at the central area of the core surface. An additional piece of tdssue is positioned on top of the core as a secondary topsheet. A hot iron is to pressed on top of the tissue to melt the PEG of the cyclodextrin/perfume complex so that upon cooling the complex particles are immobilized on the core surface and the tissue.
An absorbent core prepared in the foregoing manner is placed on tap of a slightly larger piece of polyethylene backsheet, with the piece of tissue is exposed on top. A formed-film topsheet of the type disclosed in Example 1 is coated evenly on its underside with about 0.03 g of a latex adhesive, and excess adhesive is wiped off. The topsheet is rolled with a glass rod to ensure good contact and proper application of adhesive. The topsheet is then placed on top of the above-prepared core assembly. To ensure good topsheet-to-2o core bonding, the topsheet is weighted with a piece of Plexiglas.
The assembly is sealed together at the edges with a hot iron using a metal mold of the desired shape attached to and heated by the iron. The overall product consists of: 8actekiller containing topshest/tissuelcyclodextrin complex/absorbent core with zeolitelbacksheet. Optionally, adhesive can be zs applied on the outside of the backsheet of the pad for affixing the article to undergarments. The topsheet of the product is sprayed with about 0.03 g of Pegosperse 200ML nonionic surfactant (PEG 200) to hydrophilize the fiuid-receiving surface of the topsheet.
While the foregoing illustrates the preparation of a sanitary napkin in 3o the manner of this invention, an entirely similar operation can be employed to prepare a pantiliner (generally of the dimensions approximately 14 cm X 5 cmj with appropriate modifications of the amount of the ingredients, as noted here in above.

Claims (7)

THE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION IN WHICH AN EXCLUSIVE PROPERTY
OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:

1. An article of manufacture which minimizes the odor that can be caused by bodily fluids and perspiration, comprising:
A. a liquid pervious topsheet, which is a resilient three-dimensional web exhibiting a fiber-like appearance and tactile impression, said web having first and second surfaces, the first surface having a multiplicity of apertures therein, each of the apertures being defined by a multiplicity of intersecting fiber-like elements interconnected to one another in the plane of the first surface, each of the fiber-like elements further exhibiting a substantially uniform U-shaped cross-section along its length, the cross-section comprising a base portion in the plane of the first surface and a side wall portion joined to each edge of the base portion, the sidewall portions extending generally in the direction of the second surface of the web, the intersecting sidewall portions being interconnected to one another intermediate the first and the second surfaces of the web, the interconnected sidewall portions terminating substantially concurrently with one another in the plane of the second surface;
B. a liquid impervious backsheet;
C. an absorbent core positioned between the topsheet and the backsheet; and D. optionally, a means for supporting the article in an appropriate position to perform its absorbency and odor control function;
wherein the topsheet contains about 0.05% to about 4% by weight of zeolite impregnated with a heavy metal ion.

2. The article of claim 1 wherein the topsheet comprises from about 0.5% to about 2% by weight of zeolite impregnated with a heavy metal ion.

3. The article of claim 1 or 2 wherein the metal ion is selected from the group consisting of silver, zinc, copper, and mixtures thereof.

4. The article of claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein the zeolite is selected from the group consisting of A-type zeolite, X-type zeolite, and mixtures thereof.

5. The article of claim 1, 2, 3 or 4 wherein the absorbent core additionally comprises an effective amount of an adjunct odor-controlling agent selected from the group consisting of:
a. zeolite;
b. activated carbon;
c. silica gel;

d. moisture activated encapsulated perfume;
e. cyclodextrin;
f. activated alumina; and g. mixtures thereof.

6. The article of claim 5 wherein the level of adjunct odor-controlling agent is from about 0.01 g to about 15 g per article.

7. The article of claim 6 wherein the level of adjunct odor-controlling agent is from about 0.1 g to about 10 g per article.