CA2155259A1 - Endoscopic surgical apparatus with rotation lock - Google Patents
Endoscopic surgical apparatus with rotation lockInfo
- Publication number
- CA2155259A1 CA2155259A1 CA002155259A CA2155259A CA2155259A1 CA 2155259 A1 CA2155259 A1 CA 2155259A1 CA 002155259 A CA002155259 A CA 002155259A CA 2155259 A CA2155259 A CA 2155259A CA 2155259 A1 CA2155259 A1 CA 2155259A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- handle
- rotation
- surgical apparatus
- rotatable collar
- recited
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
- A61B17/29—Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
- A61B17/29—Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
- A61B2017/2926—Details of heads or jaws
- A61B2017/2927—Details of heads or jaws the angular position of the head being adjustable with respect to the shaft
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
- A61B17/29—Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
- A61B2017/2926—Details of heads or jaws
- A61B2017/2927—Details of heads or jaws the angular position of the head being adjustable with respect to the shaft
- A61B2017/2929—Details of heads or jaws the angular position of the head being adjustable with respect to the shaft with a head rotatable about the longitudinal axis of the shaft
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
- A61B17/29—Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
- A61B2017/2946—Locking means
Abstract
A surgical instrument is disclosed for use in a wide variety of roles including grasping, dissecting, clamping, or retracting materials or tissue during surgical procedures performed either in open surgery or within the abdominal cavity. The surgical instrument includes a handle portion, a tubular body portion extending from the handle portion and defining a longitudinal axis, and a tool structure associated with a distal portion of the tubular body portion. A rotation assembly is provided for effectuating rotation of the tool structure about the longitudinal axis of the body portion. Rotation locking structure is provided to lock the rotation assembly at a predetermined orientation such that it cannot be rotated with respect to the handle.
Description
215~9 - 20~1509 (1640) ENDOSCOPIC SURGICAL APPARATUS
WITI~ ROTATION LOCK
s BACKGROUND
1. Technical Field This application relates to surgical app~alLls~ and more particularly to surgical app~ s having tool structure which can be rotated about a longihl-lin~l axis.
10 2. Back~round of Related Art The fimction of en~gin~ and ~leflecti~ tissue or organs has been conventionally pe-r~"...ed by one of several methods. A retractor, ordinarily in the form of a broad paddle or multiple fingers attach~d to a handle, may carry out this task. See, for example, U.S. Patent No. 3,467,079 (James). Atternatively, this function may be 15 carried out with a clamp device to grasp and deflect tissue. In order to f~ilit~te access to internal structures it is widely known in the art to provide surgical i.,sl- umellLs with artic.ll~ting and more particularly, rotating tool portions. It is also well known to provide the rotational feature with detents or other engA~e~hle surfaces to provide positive ~ng~g~ment of the tool portion at discrete angular position and inhibit free rotation 2o thereof. However, these rotation inhibiting mec.hA~ can be subject to ~i~en~ ompnt and llnint.on~ed rotation ofthe tool portion when atte---pling to manipulate res;sl~-l tissue structures or to lift heavy organs during surgical procedures may result.
Endoscopic or laparoscopic procedures overcome many of the drawbacks of conventional surgery, particularly the requirement of making large incisions, often 25 through major muscle groups, in order to manipulate the instrl.mçntatiQn in the body cavity. In collLI~sl, instruments for use in en~loscopic procedures are characterized by the provision of an elongated cannula structure having a relatively small ~ meter with a proxi..lal and distal end. The distal end is passed through the surrounding tissue into the body cavity via an incision in the body cavity. The cannula provides a conduit for insertion 3 o of surgical instrumPnt~tion. The smaller incisions necess~ry for these procedures allow for shorter patient recovery periods and require less anesthesi~ than conventional methods.
Endoscopic or laparoscopic procedures, while minimi7ir~ patient trauma, reduces access to internal organs and therefore requires surgical instruments with tool 35 structure remotely actll~t~ble from outside the body. Typically this remote a~tuation includçs manipulation of tool structure as well as rotation and articulation thereo Commonly ~si~lled U.S. Application Serial No. 07/925,496 discloses a surgical instrument adapted for rotating and articul~ting the tool structure relative to the longit~ n~l axis thereo In particular, the app~L~Is shows a meçh~ni~m for indP,~ing rotation of the tool structure.
However, for a surgeon pelrolllllng operative procedures with heavy or resistant tissue structures, sufficient stress on the tool portion may overcome the rotation 5 indPYing mesh~ni~m and result in unwanted rotation ofthe tool structure. Thelerole, a position locking meCllA~ is desired to positively fiY the angular position of the tool structure against llnintP,n(led rotation with respect to the handle.
SUlVlMARY
A surgical instrument is disclosed for use in a wide variety of roles in~ll-ding grasping, ~ secting~ clamping, or retracting materials or tissue during surgical procedures performed either in open surgery or within the abdominal cavity.
The surgical instrument inrllldPs a handle portion, a tubular body portion eYtPnding from the handle portion and defining a longitu~in~l axis, and tool structure lS associated with a distal portion of the tubular body portion. A rotation assembly is provided for effectuating rotation of the tool structure about the longitudin~l axis of the body portion. Rotation locking structure is provided to lock the rotation assembly at a predetermined oriPnt~tion such that it cannot be rotated with respect to the handle.
Further features ofthe subject app~ s will become more readily 2 o apparelll from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with accolllpa Iyhlg drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF T~E DR~WINGS
Various embodiments are described herein with reference to the drawings, 2 5 wherein:
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an endoscopic surgical instrument in accordance with a ple~lled embodiment ofthe subject app~L~ls;
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the handle portion of the surgical instrument of Fig. 1 in an open position;
WITI~ ROTATION LOCK
s BACKGROUND
1. Technical Field This application relates to surgical app~alLls~ and more particularly to surgical app~ s having tool structure which can be rotated about a longihl-lin~l axis.
10 2. Back~round of Related Art The fimction of en~gin~ and ~leflecti~ tissue or organs has been conventionally pe-r~"...ed by one of several methods. A retractor, ordinarily in the form of a broad paddle or multiple fingers attach~d to a handle, may carry out this task. See, for example, U.S. Patent No. 3,467,079 (James). Atternatively, this function may be 15 carried out with a clamp device to grasp and deflect tissue. In order to f~ilit~te access to internal structures it is widely known in the art to provide surgical i.,sl- umellLs with artic.ll~ting and more particularly, rotating tool portions. It is also well known to provide the rotational feature with detents or other engA~e~hle surfaces to provide positive ~ng~g~ment of the tool portion at discrete angular position and inhibit free rotation 2o thereof. However, these rotation inhibiting mec.hA~ can be subject to ~i~en~ ompnt and llnint.on~ed rotation ofthe tool portion when atte---pling to manipulate res;sl~-l tissue structures or to lift heavy organs during surgical procedures may result.
Endoscopic or laparoscopic procedures overcome many of the drawbacks of conventional surgery, particularly the requirement of making large incisions, often 25 through major muscle groups, in order to manipulate the instrl.mçntatiQn in the body cavity. In collLI~sl, instruments for use in en~loscopic procedures are characterized by the provision of an elongated cannula structure having a relatively small ~ meter with a proxi..lal and distal end. The distal end is passed through the surrounding tissue into the body cavity via an incision in the body cavity. The cannula provides a conduit for insertion 3 o of surgical instrumPnt~tion. The smaller incisions necess~ry for these procedures allow for shorter patient recovery periods and require less anesthesi~ than conventional methods.
Endoscopic or laparoscopic procedures, while minimi7ir~ patient trauma, reduces access to internal organs and therefore requires surgical instruments with tool 35 structure remotely actll~t~ble from outside the body. Typically this remote a~tuation includçs manipulation of tool structure as well as rotation and articulation thereo Commonly ~si~lled U.S. Application Serial No. 07/925,496 discloses a surgical instrument adapted for rotating and articul~ting the tool structure relative to the longit~ n~l axis thereo In particular, the app~L~Is shows a meçh~ni~m for indP,~ing rotation of the tool structure.
However, for a surgeon pelrolllllng operative procedures with heavy or resistant tissue structures, sufficient stress on the tool portion may overcome the rotation 5 indPYing mesh~ni~m and result in unwanted rotation ofthe tool structure. Thelerole, a position locking meCllA~ is desired to positively fiY the angular position of the tool structure against llnintP,n(led rotation with respect to the handle.
SUlVlMARY
A surgical instrument is disclosed for use in a wide variety of roles in~ll-ding grasping, ~ secting~ clamping, or retracting materials or tissue during surgical procedures performed either in open surgery or within the abdominal cavity.
The surgical instrument inrllldPs a handle portion, a tubular body portion eYtPnding from the handle portion and defining a longitu~in~l axis, and tool structure lS associated with a distal portion of the tubular body portion. A rotation assembly is provided for effectuating rotation of the tool structure about the longitudin~l axis of the body portion. Rotation locking structure is provided to lock the rotation assembly at a predetermined oriPnt~tion such that it cannot be rotated with respect to the handle.
Further features ofthe subject app~ s will become more readily 2 o apparelll from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with accolllpa Iyhlg drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF T~E DR~WINGS
Various embodiments are described herein with reference to the drawings, 2 5 wherein:
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an endoscopic surgical instrument in accordance with a ple~lled embodiment ofthe subject app~L~ls;
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the handle portion of the surgical instrument of Fig. 1 in an open position;
3 o Fig. 2A is a perspective view in partial cross-section of the handle portion of the surgical instrument of Fig. 1 in an open position;
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the handle portion of the surgical instrument of Fig. 1 in a half closed position; and Fig 3A is a perspective view in partial cross-section of the handle portion 3 5 of the surgical instrument of Fig. 1 in a half dosed position.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the handle portion of another embodiment ofthe subject appal~ s;
Fig. 5 is an elevational view of the embodiment of Fig. 4;
21~2~9 Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the handle portion of a third embodiment of the subject app&.al~ls;
Fig. 7 is an exploded view of the rotational locking mech~ni$m of the surgical appa-~ s of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is an enlarged side elevational view in partial cross-section of the app~ s of Fig. 6 in an unlocked position; and Fig. 9 is an enlarged side elevational view in partial cross-section of the appa,~ s of Fig. 6 in a locked position.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
In the drawings and in the description which follows, the term "pro~um~l", as is traditional, will refer to the end of the app&~ s which is closest to the operator, while the term "distal" will refer to the end which is furthest from the operator.
The present appa al~ls shall be di~ ed in terms of endoscopic procedures and app~ s. However, use herein ofterms such as "endoscopic", should not be construed to limit the present application to an appa. ~LL1S for use only in conjunction with an endoscopic tube. To the Col-L-~y, it is believed that the present appa-~lus may find use in conventional, open surgery as well as procedures where access is limited to a small incision int~ ing but not limited to arthroscopic or lapaloscopic 2 o procedures.
A plt;re--ed surgical instrument is illustrated in Fig. 1 and is design~ted generally by rererel-ce numeral 10. Surgical instrument 10 includes a handle portion 12 in~ ling a fixed handle 14 with comple---e--l~ ~ sections 34 and 36, and a pivoting handle 16. An endoscopic portion 18 extends from handle portion 12 and in~ludes an elongated tubular section 20 and an artiCul~ting section 22. Tool means, in this case tool structure 28 incll1rling cooperating jaws 30, 32, depends from the articul~ting section 22 and may be formed in a wide variety of configurations in~ in~ graspers, di~sectors~ forceps, or clamps. Articulation means in the form of an axial drive screw assembly 19 causes translation of the tool structure 28. Rotation of the tool structure 28 is effectu~ted by 3 o rotation means herein shown as a rotatable collar 122 operatively associated with the handle portion 12. The mech~ni~m for artic~ tin~ the tool structure 28 and for ope.~ g the various configurations thereof is substantially disclosed in commonly a~i~edapplication Serial No. 08/080,830 and is incorporated herein by rererel1ce. Although shown with an artiCul~ting tool structure, surgical instruments without this feature are 3 5 also contemplated by this disclosure.
Referring now to Figs. 2-3a, there is illustrated, in sequence, the relative movement of handles 14 and 16 from an open position to a partially closed position. As seen in Figs. 2 and 2a, each of the complementary sections 34, 36 of handle portion 12 are formed with a portion of a stepped bore 40 which is provided therein for accollllllodating various components which will be described hereinbelow. A center rod member 58 having opposed pro~illlal and distal ends is operatively ~esoçi~ted at the distal end thereofto the tool structure 28. The pro~,lllal end of the center rod member 58 inr1udee a head portion which is relained in a universal joint assembly 70. The universal joint assembly 70 is disposed within an elongate aperture 76 formed in the pivoting handle 16 of handle portion 12. The universal joint assembly 70 is adapted to slide within the elongate aperture 76 during a predetermined range of motion ofthe pivoting handle 16 withrespect to the f~xed handle 14. When the pivoting handle 16 is moved such that the edge lo of the elongate aperture 76 contacts the universal joint assembly 70, further closure of pivoting handle 16 will displace the universal joint assembly 70 and the center rod member 58 to actuate the tool structure 28.
With continued reference to Figs. 2-2a, the endoscopic surgical instrument 10 further incll1des a mech~nicm for rotating the tool structure about its longitutlin~l axis relative to handle portion 12. This meçh~nism has an annular bushing 120 that isconcentrically mounted within a rotatable collar 122 mounted within the stepped bore 40 formed in handle portion 12. Bushing 120 is ~ ined against collar 122 by a coiled spring 124 disposed in a section of bore 40. Spring 124 acts to bias bushing 120 toward the ploxilllal end ofthe surgical instrument 10. The pr~ llal end 27 of an inner tubular section 21 disposed within endoscopic portion 18 extends through bushing 120 and is mounted to rotatable collar 122 for rotation.
A distal end of inner tubular section 21 is operatively associated with the tool structure 28 such that axial rotation of the rotatable collar 122 will cause corresponding rotation of inner tubular section 21 to effectuate remote rotation ofthe tool structure 28 about the longihldin~l axis defined by the elongated section 20 of surgical app~ s 10.
The endoscopic surgical instrument 10 further inrl.ldes rotation locking means, in this case illustrated as a locking meçl-~nie... for locking the en(loscQpic portion 18 in a particular angular displ~cenn~nt with respect to the handle portion 12 by effech1~ting the pivoted handle 16. The locking meçh~niem in~ des a spring member 134 preferably formed of resilient sheet metal or similar material and having a first straight section 135, an acute angle elbow section 136, and a second straight section 137. The distal edge of the first section 135 is provided with teeth 139 deei~ed to engage an annular ratchet 140 provided on a proxilllal face of the rotatable collar 122. The handle sections 34 and 36 are formed with a molded slot 141 adapted to permit slidable mounting of the spring 134, which is normally biased in a proximal position spaced from the rotatable collar 122 to permit unrestricted rotation thereo 21a5259 The pivoting handle 16 is provided at a distal portion thereof with a c~mmin~ surface 138 having a pre-s~lected angle of incline portion. The Ch. ~ g surface 138 of the present embodiment is dçcig~ed such that moving the pivoting handle 16 from an open position to about a half-closed position ~i~pl~ces the c~ ;ng surface into 5 abutment with the spring member 134 and further motion ofthe pivoting handle 16 drives the spring 138 against the bias into engagement with the annular ratchet 140 ofthe rotatable collar 122, thereby restricting angular disp!~cçm~nt of the rotatable collar 122 and the associated endoscopic portion 18. One skilled in the art will appreciate that by varying either the angle of the incline portion of the cam or the position of the elongated 10 slot, the point of engagement with the annular ratchet 140 can be changed.
The surgical instrument further incl~.des an incl~o,Ying ll~ec~ "~ to index movement of the pivoted handle 16 with the fixed handle 14. This permits progressive closure of the tool structures, for example, grasper jaws 30, 32 onto tissue as well as the application of uniform and predçfined pressure thereon. The fixed handle is provided with a spring tab 149 slidable within an arcuate slot 147 formed in the pivoted handle 16. The spring tab 149 retains the distal end of a spring 148 disposed within the arcuate slot 147, thereby normally biasing the fixed handle 14 and the pivoted handle 16 in an open position co,.espol1ding to an open position of jaws 30, 32. (See, Fig. 1) The handle 12 is further provided with a double ratchet assembly 141 having a rack 143 with sloped notches 142 20 formed in the pivoted handle 16 and a pawl 145 is normally biased into engagement with the rack 142 by ratchet spring 144, inhibiting the pivoted handle 16 to open with respect to the fixed handle 14, and thereby ..,~i"l~ill;"g the tool structure 28 in a fixed position. A
trigger 146 is provided to pivot the pawl 145 against the ratchet spring bias out of engagement with the rack 142 to permit opening ofthe handle 12. By ".~;"l~ini~g pressure on the trigger 146, unrestricted movement ofthe tool structure 28 is enabled.
In the open position illustrated in Fig. 2, pivoted handle 16 is fully eYt~n-led with respect to fixed handle portion 14. In Fig. 2A, the G~ ;--p surface 138 is disposed in its ploxh~al-most position with respect to the spring 134, which lelnainS in a normally biased position spaced proxi~"ally from the axial gearing 140 of the rotatable 3 o collar 122. The rotatable collar 122 is permitted unrestricted rotation within the stepped bore 40. In addition, in the open position the universal joint assembly 70 is disposed at the proximal portion ofthe arcuate slot 147.
Figs. 3-3A illustrate the handle portion 12 of the surgical instrument 10 acljacent a half-closed position with respect to the fixed handle 12. In Fig. 3A, the 35 c.h~ ing surface contacts the p~oxhnal portion ofthe spring 134 and drives the spring 134 distally until the teeth 139 formed on the first portion ofthe spring 135 into ~gement with the axial gearing 140, thereby h~ g rotation ofthe collar 122 and associated tool structure 28. Although the c~.. linp surface 138 of the present 2 1 ~ ~ 2 ~ 9 embodiment is shaped to lock the rotatable collar 122 ~dj~cPnt a half-closed position of the pivoted handle 16 surgical requirements may direct the preselected incline portion of the c~ n~ surface 138 to provide rotation lock at other relative positions of the pivoted handle 16 such as the be~nning or end of the pivoted handle s range of motion.
Contimlino with Fig. 3A at the half-closed position the universal joint assembly 70 has moved within the arcuate port 147 to the ~i~t~lmost edge ofthe aperture 76. Further closing ofthe pivoted handle 16 will initiate contact between the rli~t~lrnost edge 77 of the aperture 76 and the universal joint assembly 70. Subsequ~nt closure of the pivoted handle 16 will proximally displace the universal joint assembly 70 thereby pulling lo the center rod member 58 in a proximal direction and effectu~tin~ the tool structure 28.
Figs 4-5 illustrate an alternate embodiment of the rotational locking assembly for the surgical instrument. Referring to Fig. 4 there is shown the handle portion 212 ofthe surgical app~t-ls 200. Rotation ofthe endoscopic portion 18 iseffect~l~ted by rotation of the rotatable collar 222 subst~nti~lly as described above with regard to the surgical appa at~ls 10. At least one slide 230 is provided within the handle portion 214 distal the rotatable collar 222. Alternatively a channel may be molded into the handle portion 214 itself. The slide is adapted to permit reciprocal longit~ldin~l movement of a sliding member 232 having a flange 234 with a T-shaped cross-section to fit within the slide 230. The sliding member is further provided with a frictional tab 236 2 o on a pro~imal portion thereof adapted for frictional engagement with the distal face of the rotatable collar 222. As best seen in Fig. 5 the sliding member 232 within the slide 230 is displaced longitudin~lly by the surgeon whereupon the frictional tab 236 is driven into frictional engagement with the distal face of the rotatable collar 222 thereby positively locking the rotatable collar 222 against rotational movement with respect to the handle.
2 5 The sliding member 232 may be provided with teeth to positively engage notches or gearing provided on the distal face of the rotatable collar 222 to improve locking engagement.
Referring now to Figs. 6-9 there is illustrated another alternative embodiment ofthe surgical instrument deci~o.n~ted generally by rererence numeral 300.
3 o Fig. 6 illustrates the handle portion 312 of the alternative embodiment of the surgical appal~t~ls 300. Rotation of an inner tubular section 321 is effechl~ted by a rotatable collar 322. A rot~ting lever 328 is provided with a lever handle 329 for locking rotational movement ofthe inner tubular section 321 with respect to the handle 312.
Referring now to Fig. 7 there is illustrated the components of the locking m.o~h~ni~m 325 ofthe alternative embQdiment. The rotatable collar 322 is provided with a longitu(1in~1 bore to receive the proximal er.d ofthe tubular section 321. A slot 323 on the proximal portion ofthe inner tubular section 321 is adapted to fit within a tab 327 in the rotatable collar 322. As in the previous embodiments described above the pro~
~q 2155259 portion ofthe inner tubular section 321 and the rotatable collar 322 are dimensioned for coaxial rotation within a lon~ihl(lin~l bore 340 in the handle portion 312. The locking mech~nicm 325 coaxially mounted distal ofthe rotatable collar 322, includes a cylindrical bushing 326, the rotating cam 328, a fixed cam 330 and a cylindrical spring 332. The bushing 326 is provided with a series of Mtçheting structure 350 on the proxil~al surface adapted to engage an r~tçhetin~. structure 352 provided on a distal surface ofthe rotatable collar 322. The cylindrical spring 332 is coaxially mounted distal ofthe bushing 326 and is longjtu~lin~lly re~ah~ed at its distal end by an annular flange 334 on the proxhllal portion of tubular section 320. The spring 332 normally biases the r~tcheting structure 350 into approxhllalion but not eng~ment with the r~tçheting structure 352 of the rotatable collar 322. A pair of bosses 354 on the bushing 326 are adapted to slide within a longitu~in~l groove provided within the lon~ituAin~l bore 340 to inhibit rotational movement of the bushing 326 within the bore 340.
With continued reference to Fig. 7, the rotating cam 328 and the fixed cam 330 are coaxially mounted distal of the bushing 326 and are sized to surround the cylindrical spring 332. The rolali.lg cam 328 is provided with a pair of notches 356 on a distal surface decigned to cooperate with a pair of C .. ;l~g surfaces 358 on a ploAimal surface of the fixed cam 330. The fixed cam 330 is further provided with bosses 360 adapted to fit within longjtuflin~l grooves in the longitlltlin~l bore 340 to inhibit rotational 2 o movement thereof.
Referring now to Figs. 8-9, there is shown in sequ~ncç, the procedure for locking the rotatable collar 332 with respect to the handle portion 312. Fig. 8 illustrates the locking ~eçh~ cm 325 in an unlocked position. When the lever handle 329 ofthe rotating cam 328 is in a first position, the notch 356 in the rolalillg cam 328 is in cooperation with the c~mming surface 358 ofthe fixed cam 330. The bushing 326 remains normally biased out of engagement with the rotating collar 322 to permitunrestricted rotation thereof.
Fig. 9 illustrates the locking ...eçh~nicm 325 in a locked position. Angular displ~cem~nt of the lever handle 329 to a second position dic~n~ges the lolalillg cam 328 3 o from engagement with the c~.. ;ng surface 358 of the fixed cam 330, thereby displacing the rotating lever 326 proxilllally. Consequently the teeth 350 on the bushing 326 are driven by the lolaling lever 328 into engagement with the r~tçheting structure 352 of the rotating collar 322, thereby inhibiting rotation thereo It will be understood that various modifications may be made to the 35 embo-limentc disclosed herein. For example the locking meçh~nism desc;lil,ed above may be utilized in conjunction with instruments used in conventional, open surgery. Therefore, the above description should not be construed as limiting, but merely as exemplifications ~ 215S259 of pl~fe,led embo~ime~t~ Those skilled in the art will envision other modifications within the scope and spirit of the claims appended hereto.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the handle portion of the surgical instrument of Fig. 1 in a half closed position; and Fig 3A is a perspective view in partial cross-section of the handle portion 3 5 of the surgical instrument of Fig. 1 in a half dosed position.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the handle portion of another embodiment ofthe subject appal~ s;
Fig. 5 is an elevational view of the embodiment of Fig. 4;
21~2~9 Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the handle portion of a third embodiment of the subject app&.al~ls;
Fig. 7 is an exploded view of the rotational locking mech~ni$m of the surgical appa-~ s of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is an enlarged side elevational view in partial cross-section of the app~ s of Fig. 6 in an unlocked position; and Fig. 9 is an enlarged side elevational view in partial cross-section of the appa,~ s of Fig. 6 in a locked position.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
In the drawings and in the description which follows, the term "pro~um~l", as is traditional, will refer to the end of the app&~ s which is closest to the operator, while the term "distal" will refer to the end which is furthest from the operator.
The present appa al~ls shall be di~ ed in terms of endoscopic procedures and app~ s. However, use herein ofterms such as "endoscopic", should not be construed to limit the present application to an appa. ~LL1S for use only in conjunction with an endoscopic tube. To the Col-L-~y, it is believed that the present appa-~lus may find use in conventional, open surgery as well as procedures where access is limited to a small incision int~ ing but not limited to arthroscopic or lapaloscopic 2 o procedures.
A plt;re--ed surgical instrument is illustrated in Fig. 1 and is design~ted generally by rererel-ce numeral 10. Surgical instrument 10 includes a handle portion 12 in~ ling a fixed handle 14 with comple---e--l~ ~ sections 34 and 36, and a pivoting handle 16. An endoscopic portion 18 extends from handle portion 12 and in~ludes an elongated tubular section 20 and an artiCul~ting section 22. Tool means, in this case tool structure 28 incll1rling cooperating jaws 30, 32, depends from the articul~ting section 22 and may be formed in a wide variety of configurations in~ in~ graspers, di~sectors~ forceps, or clamps. Articulation means in the form of an axial drive screw assembly 19 causes translation of the tool structure 28. Rotation of the tool structure 28 is effectu~ted by 3 o rotation means herein shown as a rotatable collar 122 operatively associated with the handle portion 12. The mech~ni~m for artic~ tin~ the tool structure 28 and for ope.~ g the various configurations thereof is substantially disclosed in commonly a~i~edapplication Serial No. 08/080,830 and is incorporated herein by rererel1ce. Although shown with an artiCul~ting tool structure, surgical instruments without this feature are 3 5 also contemplated by this disclosure.
Referring now to Figs. 2-3a, there is illustrated, in sequence, the relative movement of handles 14 and 16 from an open position to a partially closed position. As seen in Figs. 2 and 2a, each of the complementary sections 34, 36 of handle portion 12 are formed with a portion of a stepped bore 40 which is provided therein for accollllllodating various components which will be described hereinbelow. A center rod member 58 having opposed pro~illlal and distal ends is operatively ~esoçi~ted at the distal end thereofto the tool structure 28. The pro~,lllal end of the center rod member 58 inr1udee a head portion which is relained in a universal joint assembly 70. The universal joint assembly 70 is disposed within an elongate aperture 76 formed in the pivoting handle 16 of handle portion 12. The universal joint assembly 70 is adapted to slide within the elongate aperture 76 during a predetermined range of motion ofthe pivoting handle 16 withrespect to the f~xed handle 14. When the pivoting handle 16 is moved such that the edge lo of the elongate aperture 76 contacts the universal joint assembly 70, further closure of pivoting handle 16 will displace the universal joint assembly 70 and the center rod member 58 to actuate the tool structure 28.
With continued reference to Figs. 2-2a, the endoscopic surgical instrument 10 further incll1des a mech~nicm for rotating the tool structure about its longitutlin~l axis relative to handle portion 12. This meçh~nism has an annular bushing 120 that isconcentrically mounted within a rotatable collar 122 mounted within the stepped bore 40 formed in handle portion 12. Bushing 120 is ~ ined against collar 122 by a coiled spring 124 disposed in a section of bore 40. Spring 124 acts to bias bushing 120 toward the ploxilllal end ofthe surgical instrument 10. The pr~ llal end 27 of an inner tubular section 21 disposed within endoscopic portion 18 extends through bushing 120 and is mounted to rotatable collar 122 for rotation.
A distal end of inner tubular section 21 is operatively associated with the tool structure 28 such that axial rotation of the rotatable collar 122 will cause corresponding rotation of inner tubular section 21 to effectuate remote rotation ofthe tool structure 28 about the longihldin~l axis defined by the elongated section 20 of surgical app~ s 10.
The endoscopic surgical instrument 10 further inrl.ldes rotation locking means, in this case illustrated as a locking meçl-~nie... for locking the en(loscQpic portion 18 in a particular angular displ~cenn~nt with respect to the handle portion 12 by effech1~ting the pivoted handle 16. The locking meçh~niem in~ des a spring member 134 preferably formed of resilient sheet metal or similar material and having a first straight section 135, an acute angle elbow section 136, and a second straight section 137. The distal edge of the first section 135 is provided with teeth 139 deei~ed to engage an annular ratchet 140 provided on a proxilllal face of the rotatable collar 122. The handle sections 34 and 36 are formed with a molded slot 141 adapted to permit slidable mounting of the spring 134, which is normally biased in a proximal position spaced from the rotatable collar 122 to permit unrestricted rotation thereo 21a5259 The pivoting handle 16 is provided at a distal portion thereof with a c~mmin~ surface 138 having a pre-s~lected angle of incline portion. The Ch. ~ g surface 138 of the present embodiment is dçcig~ed such that moving the pivoting handle 16 from an open position to about a half-closed position ~i~pl~ces the c~ ;ng surface into 5 abutment with the spring member 134 and further motion ofthe pivoting handle 16 drives the spring 138 against the bias into engagement with the annular ratchet 140 ofthe rotatable collar 122, thereby restricting angular disp!~cçm~nt of the rotatable collar 122 and the associated endoscopic portion 18. One skilled in the art will appreciate that by varying either the angle of the incline portion of the cam or the position of the elongated 10 slot, the point of engagement with the annular ratchet 140 can be changed.
The surgical instrument further incl~.des an incl~o,Ying ll~ec~ "~ to index movement of the pivoted handle 16 with the fixed handle 14. This permits progressive closure of the tool structures, for example, grasper jaws 30, 32 onto tissue as well as the application of uniform and predçfined pressure thereon. The fixed handle is provided with a spring tab 149 slidable within an arcuate slot 147 formed in the pivoted handle 16. The spring tab 149 retains the distal end of a spring 148 disposed within the arcuate slot 147, thereby normally biasing the fixed handle 14 and the pivoted handle 16 in an open position co,.espol1ding to an open position of jaws 30, 32. (See, Fig. 1) The handle 12 is further provided with a double ratchet assembly 141 having a rack 143 with sloped notches 142 20 formed in the pivoted handle 16 and a pawl 145 is normally biased into engagement with the rack 142 by ratchet spring 144, inhibiting the pivoted handle 16 to open with respect to the fixed handle 14, and thereby ..,~i"l~ill;"g the tool structure 28 in a fixed position. A
trigger 146 is provided to pivot the pawl 145 against the ratchet spring bias out of engagement with the rack 142 to permit opening ofthe handle 12. By ".~;"l~ini~g pressure on the trigger 146, unrestricted movement ofthe tool structure 28 is enabled.
In the open position illustrated in Fig. 2, pivoted handle 16 is fully eYt~n-led with respect to fixed handle portion 14. In Fig. 2A, the G~ ;--p surface 138 is disposed in its ploxh~al-most position with respect to the spring 134, which lelnainS in a normally biased position spaced proxi~"ally from the axial gearing 140 of the rotatable 3 o collar 122. The rotatable collar 122 is permitted unrestricted rotation within the stepped bore 40. In addition, in the open position the universal joint assembly 70 is disposed at the proximal portion ofthe arcuate slot 147.
Figs. 3-3A illustrate the handle portion 12 of the surgical instrument 10 acljacent a half-closed position with respect to the fixed handle 12. In Fig. 3A, the 35 c.h~ ing surface contacts the p~oxhnal portion ofthe spring 134 and drives the spring 134 distally until the teeth 139 formed on the first portion ofthe spring 135 into ~gement with the axial gearing 140, thereby h~ g rotation ofthe collar 122 and associated tool structure 28. Although the c~.. linp surface 138 of the present 2 1 ~ ~ 2 ~ 9 embodiment is shaped to lock the rotatable collar 122 ~dj~cPnt a half-closed position of the pivoted handle 16 surgical requirements may direct the preselected incline portion of the c~ n~ surface 138 to provide rotation lock at other relative positions of the pivoted handle 16 such as the be~nning or end of the pivoted handle s range of motion.
Contimlino with Fig. 3A at the half-closed position the universal joint assembly 70 has moved within the arcuate port 147 to the ~i~t~lmost edge ofthe aperture 76. Further closing ofthe pivoted handle 16 will initiate contact between the rli~t~lrnost edge 77 of the aperture 76 and the universal joint assembly 70. Subsequ~nt closure of the pivoted handle 16 will proximally displace the universal joint assembly 70 thereby pulling lo the center rod member 58 in a proximal direction and effectu~tin~ the tool structure 28.
Figs 4-5 illustrate an alternate embodiment of the rotational locking assembly for the surgical instrument. Referring to Fig. 4 there is shown the handle portion 212 ofthe surgical app~t-ls 200. Rotation ofthe endoscopic portion 18 iseffect~l~ted by rotation of the rotatable collar 222 subst~nti~lly as described above with regard to the surgical appa at~ls 10. At least one slide 230 is provided within the handle portion 214 distal the rotatable collar 222. Alternatively a channel may be molded into the handle portion 214 itself. The slide is adapted to permit reciprocal longit~ldin~l movement of a sliding member 232 having a flange 234 with a T-shaped cross-section to fit within the slide 230. The sliding member is further provided with a frictional tab 236 2 o on a pro~imal portion thereof adapted for frictional engagement with the distal face of the rotatable collar 222. As best seen in Fig. 5 the sliding member 232 within the slide 230 is displaced longitudin~lly by the surgeon whereupon the frictional tab 236 is driven into frictional engagement with the distal face of the rotatable collar 222 thereby positively locking the rotatable collar 222 against rotational movement with respect to the handle.
2 5 The sliding member 232 may be provided with teeth to positively engage notches or gearing provided on the distal face of the rotatable collar 222 to improve locking engagement.
Referring now to Figs. 6-9 there is illustrated another alternative embodiment ofthe surgical instrument deci~o.n~ted generally by rererence numeral 300.
3 o Fig. 6 illustrates the handle portion 312 of the alternative embodiment of the surgical appal~t~ls 300. Rotation of an inner tubular section 321 is effechl~ted by a rotatable collar 322. A rot~ting lever 328 is provided with a lever handle 329 for locking rotational movement ofthe inner tubular section 321 with respect to the handle 312.
Referring now to Fig. 7 there is illustrated the components of the locking m.o~h~ni~m 325 ofthe alternative embQdiment. The rotatable collar 322 is provided with a longitu(1in~1 bore to receive the proximal er.d ofthe tubular section 321. A slot 323 on the proximal portion ofthe inner tubular section 321 is adapted to fit within a tab 327 in the rotatable collar 322. As in the previous embodiments described above the pro~
~q 2155259 portion ofthe inner tubular section 321 and the rotatable collar 322 are dimensioned for coaxial rotation within a lon~ihl(lin~l bore 340 in the handle portion 312. The locking mech~nicm 325 coaxially mounted distal ofthe rotatable collar 322, includes a cylindrical bushing 326, the rotating cam 328, a fixed cam 330 and a cylindrical spring 332. The bushing 326 is provided with a series of Mtçheting structure 350 on the proxil~al surface adapted to engage an r~tçhetin~. structure 352 provided on a distal surface ofthe rotatable collar 322. The cylindrical spring 332 is coaxially mounted distal ofthe bushing 326 and is longjtu~lin~lly re~ah~ed at its distal end by an annular flange 334 on the proxhllal portion of tubular section 320. The spring 332 normally biases the r~tcheting structure 350 into approxhllalion but not eng~ment with the r~tçheting structure 352 of the rotatable collar 322. A pair of bosses 354 on the bushing 326 are adapted to slide within a longitu~in~l groove provided within the lon~ituAin~l bore 340 to inhibit rotational movement of the bushing 326 within the bore 340.
With continued reference to Fig. 7, the rotating cam 328 and the fixed cam 330 are coaxially mounted distal of the bushing 326 and are sized to surround the cylindrical spring 332. The rolali.lg cam 328 is provided with a pair of notches 356 on a distal surface decigned to cooperate with a pair of C .. ;l~g surfaces 358 on a ploAimal surface of the fixed cam 330. The fixed cam 330 is further provided with bosses 360 adapted to fit within longjtuflin~l grooves in the longitlltlin~l bore 340 to inhibit rotational 2 o movement thereof.
Referring now to Figs. 8-9, there is shown in sequ~ncç, the procedure for locking the rotatable collar 332 with respect to the handle portion 312. Fig. 8 illustrates the locking ~eçh~ cm 325 in an unlocked position. When the lever handle 329 ofthe rotating cam 328 is in a first position, the notch 356 in the rolalillg cam 328 is in cooperation with the c~mming surface 358 ofthe fixed cam 330. The bushing 326 remains normally biased out of engagement with the rotating collar 322 to permitunrestricted rotation thereof.
Fig. 9 illustrates the locking ...eçh~nicm 325 in a locked position. Angular displ~cem~nt of the lever handle 329 to a second position dic~n~ges the lolalillg cam 328 3 o from engagement with the c~.. ;ng surface 358 of the fixed cam 330, thereby displacing the rotating lever 326 proxilllally. Consequently the teeth 350 on the bushing 326 are driven by the lolaling lever 328 into engagement with the r~tçheting structure 352 of the rotating collar 322, thereby inhibiting rotation thereo It will be understood that various modifications may be made to the 35 embo-limentc disclosed herein. For example the locking meçh~nism desc;lil,ed above may be utilized in conjunction with instruments used in conventional, open surgery. Therefore, the above description should not be construed as limiting, but merely as exemplifications ~ 215S259 of pl~fe,led embo~ime~t~ Those skilled in the art will envision other modifications within the scope and spirit of the claims appended hereto.
Claims (28)
1. A surgical apparatus comprising:
a handle portion;
a body portion extending from said handle portion and defining a longitudinal axis;
a tool structure associated with a distal portion of the body portion, said tool structure being remotely operable from said handle portion;
a rotation assembly for effectuating remote rotation of the tool structure about the longitudinal axis of the body portion relative to the handle portion, said rotation assembly including a rotatable collar; and a rotation lock assembly mounted for locking engagement with a portion of said rotatable collar to lock the rotation assembly at a fixed angular position such that the rotation assembly cannot be rotated with respect to the handle portion.
a handle portion;
a body portion extending from said handle portion and defining a longitudinal axis;
a tool structure associated with a distal portion of the body portion, said tool structure being remotely operable from said handle portion;
a rotation assembly for effectuating remote rotation of the tool structure about the longitudinal axis of the body portion relative to the handle portion, said rotation assembly including a rotatable collar; and a rotation lock assembly mounted for locking engagement with a portion of said rotatable collar to lock the rotation assembly at a fixed angular position such that the rotation assembly cannot be rotated with respect to the handle portion.
2. A surgical apparatus of claim 1, wherein the rotation lock assembly comprises a resilient spring member normally biased in a configuration spaced from the rotating collar and actuated by movement of the handle portion to engage the rotatable collar to prevent rotation of the rotatable collar relative to the handle portion.
3. A surgical apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein said rotation lock assembly comprises ratchet structure coaxial with the rotatable collar, the ratchet structure mounted for reciprocal longitudinal movement between an engaged position in restrictive engagement with the rotatable collar and a disengaged position out of engagement with said rotatable collar.
4. A surgical apparatus as recited in claim 3, wherein said ratchet structure further comprises:
a bushing coaxial with said rotatable collar and including first ratchet structure on a first end thereof, said bushing being mounted for translational movement between said engaged position in engagement with said rotatable collar and said disengaged position out of engagement with said rotatable collar; and cam structure including a fixed cam coaxially mounted with said rotatable collar, said fixed cam having a camming surface thereon, and a rotatable cam coaxially mounted in engagement with said fixed cam, said rotatable cam being rotatably movable between a first position wherein said fixed cam and said rotatable cam define a first longitudinal length and a second position wherein said fixed cam and said rotatable cam define a second elongatedlongitudinal length, said cam structure engaging said bushing such that when said rotatable cam is in said second position, said bushing is moved to said engaged position and when said rotatable cam is in said first position, said bushing is in said disengaged position.
a bushing coaxial with said rotatable collar and including first ratchet structure on a first end thereof, said bushing being mounted for translational movement between said engaged position in engagement with said rotatable collar and said disengaged position out of engagement with said rotatable collar; and cam structure including a fixed cam coaxially mounted with said rotatable collar, said fixed cam having a camming surface thereon, and a rotatable cam coaxially mounted in engagement with said fixed cam, said rotatable cam being rotatably movable between a first position wherein said fixed cam and said rotatable cam define a first longitudinal length and a second position wherein said fixed cam and said rotatable cam define a second elongatedlongitudinal length, said cam structure engaging said bushing such that when said rotatable cam is in said second position, said bushing is moved to said engaged position and when said rotatable cam is in said first position, said bushing is in said disengaged position.
5. A surgical apparatus as recited in claim 4, wherein said rotatable collar further includes second ratchet structure oriented coaxially to said first ratchet structure on said bushing.
6. A surgical apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein the rotation lock assembly comprises a sliding member mounted in said handle for reciprocal longitudinal movement between an engaged position and a disengaged position, said sliding member having a tab thereon for direct engagement with said rotatable collar when said sliding member is in said engaged position.
7. A surgical apparatus as in claim 6, wherein said tab frictionally engages said rotatable collar when said sliding member is in said engaged position to prevent rotational movement thereof.
8. A surgical apparatus comprising:
a handle portion having a fixed handle and a pivoting handle, the pivoting handle having a camming surface formed thereon;
an elongated portion depending from the handle portion, the elongated portion mounted for coaxial rotational movement independent of the handle portion;
a tool structure operatively associated adjacent a distal end portion of the elongated portion;
a rotatable collar engageable with the elongated portion for rotating the tool structure about the longitudinal axis of the elongated portion with respect to the handle portion; and a rotation lock assembly operatively associated with the camming surface of the pivoting handle to prevent rotation of the rotatable collar with respect to the handle portion.
a handle portion having a fixed handle and a pivoting handle, the pivoting handle having a camming surface formed thereon;
an elongated portion depending from the handle portion, the elongated portion mounted for coaxial rotational movement independent of the handle portion;
a tool structure operatively associated adjacent a distal end portion of the elongated portion;
a rotatable collar engageable with the elongated portion for rotating the tool structure about the longitudinal axis of the elongated portion with respect to the handle portion; and a rotation lock assembly operatively associated with the camming surface of the pivoting handle to prevent rotation of the rotatable collar with respect to the handle portion.
9. A surgical apparatus of claim 8, wherein the rotation lock assembly comprises a resilient spring member normally biased in a configuration spaced from the rotating collar and actuated by the camming surface of the pivoting handle into abutment with the rotatable collar to prevent rotation of the rotatable collar relative to the handle.
10. A surgical apparatus as recited in claim 9, wherein the rotatable collar is provided with ratcheting structure.
11. A surgical apparatus as recited in claim 10, wherein the spring member is further provided with teeth adapted for engagement with the ratchet structure on the rotatable collar.
12. A surgical apparatus as recited in claim 8, wherein said tool structure is selected from the group consisting of graspers, dissectors, forceps and clamps.
13. A surgical apparatus as recited in claim 12, wherein the pivoting handle is normally biased in a position corresponding to an open position of said tool structure.
14. A surgical apparatus as recited in claim 8, wherein the handle portion is provided with an indexing mechanism for maintaining a predetermined relative position of the pivoting handle with respect to the fixed handle.
15. A surgical apparatus as in claim 8, wherein said tool structure is articulatable relative to said elongate portion.
16. A surgical apparatus comprising:
a handle portion having a fixed handle and a pivoting handle defining an open and closed position, the fixed handle having a driving plunger assembly actuatable by the pivoting handle, the pivoting handle having an elongate aperture for enclosing a proximal end of said plunger assembly, said aperture configured and dimensioned to disengage actuation of the plunger by the pivoting handle during a predetermined translation of the pivoting handle, the pivoting handle having a camming surface thereon;
an elongated portion depending from the handle portion, the elongated portion mounted for coaxial rotational movement relative to said handle;
tool structure associated with a distal end portion of the endoscopic portion and operatively connected to the driving plunger assembly;
a rotation assembly adjacent the handle portion and the endoscopic portion for rotating tool structure about the longitudinal axis of the elongated portion, wherein the rotation assembly includes a coaxial rotatable collar member associated with the handle portion; and a rotation lock assembly operatively associated with the camming surface of the pivoting handle to prevent angular rotation of the rotatable collar with respect to the handle portion.
a handle portion having a fixed handle and a pivoting handle defining an open and closed position, the fixed handle having a driving plunger assembly actuatable by the pivoting handle, the pivoting handle having an elongate aperture for enclosing a proximal end of said plunger assembly, said aperture configured and dimensioned to disengage actuation of the plunger by the pivoting handle during a predetermined translation of the pivoting handle, the pivoting handle having a camming surface thereon;
an elongated portion depending from the handle portion, the elongated portion mounted for coaxial rotational movement relative to said handle;
tool structure associated with a distal end portion of the endoscopic portion and operatively connected to the driving plunger assembly;
a rotation assembly adjacent the handle portion and the endoscopic portion for rotating tool structure about the longitudinal axis of the elongated portion, wherein the rotation assembly includes a coaxial rotatable collar member associated with the handle portion; and a rotation lock assembly operatively associated with the camming surface of the pivoting handle to prevent angular rotation of the rotatable collar with respect to the handle portion.
17. A surgical apparatus as recited in claim 16, wherein the rotation lock assembly comprises a resilient spring member normally biased in a configuration spaced from the rotatable collar and actuated by the camming surface of the pivoting handle into abutment with the rotatable collar.
18. A surgical apparatus as recited in claim 17, wherein the rotating collar is provided with ratcheting structure, and wherein the spring member is further provided with teeth adapted for engagement with the ratcheting structure on the rotating collar.
19. A surgical apparatus as recited in claim 16, wherein said camming surface includes a predetermined incline portion which controls the relative position of said fixed handle and said pivoting handle wherein the rotation lock assembly is engaged with said rotation assembly.
20. A surgical apparatus as recited in claim 19, wherein the incline portion is configured to restrain angular rotation of the rotatable collar at the half-closed position of the pivoting handle.
21. A surgical apparatus as recited in claim 16, wherein the aperture in the pivoting handle is configured and dimensioned to di sengage actuation of the driving plunger by the pivoting handle during actuation of the pivoting handle from the open position to a half-closed position, the pivoting handle actuating the piston from a half-closed position to a fully closed position.
22. A surgical apparatus comprising:
a handle portion;
a body portion extending from said handle portion and defining a longitudinal axis; tool means associated with a distal portion of the tubular body portion and remotely actuatable from said handle portion for manipulation of tissue; rotation means for effecting remote rotation of the tool means about a longitudinal axis of the body portion relative to the handle portion; and rotation locking means for locking the rotation means at a fixed position such that the rotation means cannot be rotated with respect to the handle portion.
a handle portion;
a body portion extending from said handle portion and defining a longitudinal axis; tool means associated with a distal portion of the tubular body portion and remotely actuatable from said handle portion for manipulation of tissue; rotation means for effecting remote rotation of the tool means about a longitudinal axis of the body portion relative to the handle portion; and rotation locking means for locking the rotation means at a fixed position such that the rotation means cannot be rotated with respect to the handle portion.
23. A surgical apparatus as recited in claim 22, further comprising articulation means for articulating said tool means relative to said body portion.
24. A surgical apparatus as recited in claim 22, wherein said rotation means includes an axially rotatable collar.
25. A surgical apparatus of claim 24, wherein the rotation lock means comprises a resilient spring member normally biased in a configuration spaced from the rotating collar and actuated by the camming surface of the pivoting handle into abutment with a surface of the rotatable collar to prevent rotation of the rotatable collar relative to the handle.
26. A surgical apparatus as recited in claim 24, wherein said rotation lock means comprises ratchet structure coaxial with the rotatable collar, the ratchet structure mounted for reciprocal longitudinal movement between an engaged position in restrictive engagement with the rotatable collar and a disengaged position out of engagement with said rotatable collar.
27. A surgical apparatus as recited in claim 24, wherein the rotation locking means comprises a sliding member mounted in said handle for reciprocal longitudinal movement between an engaged position and a disengaged position, said sliding member having a tab thereon for direct engagement with said rotatable collar when said sliding member is in said engaged position.
28. A surgical apparatus as recited in claim 25, wherein said tool means is selected from the group consisting of graspers, dissectors, forceps and clamps.
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US08/311,493 | 1994-09-23 | ||
US08/311,493 US5609601A (en) | 1994-09-23 | 1994-09-23 | Endoscopic surgical apparatus with rotation lock |
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CA2155259A1 true CA2155259A1 (en) | 1996-03-24 |
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CA002155259A Abandoned CA2155259A1 (en) | 1994-09-23 | 1995-08-02 | Endoscopic surgical apparatus with rotation lock |
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- 1995-09-18 EP EP95114660A patent/EP0702937A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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1997
- 1997-02-24 US US08/804,854 patent/US5836960A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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US5609601A (en) | 1997-03-11 |
US5836960A (en) | 1998-11-17 |
EP0702937A1 (en) | 1996-03-27 |
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Effective date: 19990803 |