CA2073092A1 - Releasable adhesive joint, a method for establishing a releasable adhesive joint and an apparatus for releasing such adhesive joints - Google Patents
Releasable adhesive joint, a method for establishing a releasable adhesive joint and an apparatus for releasing such adhesive jointsInfo
- Publication number
- CA2073092A1 CA2073092A1 CA002073092A CA2073092A CA2073092A1 CA 2073092 A1 CA2073092 A1 CA 2073092A1 CA 002073092 A CA002073092 A CA 002073092A CA 2073092 A CA2073092 A CA 2073092A CA 2073092 A1 CA2073092 A1 CA 2073092A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- adhesive
- separating member
- heatable
- bead
- elements
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/54—Fixing of glass panes or like plates
- E06B3/56—Fixing of glass panes or like plates by means of putty, cement, or adhesives only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J10/00—Sealing arrangements
- B60J10/30—Sealing arrangements characterised by the fastening means
- B60J10/34—Sealing arrangements characterised by the fastening means using adhesives
- B60J10/35—Sealing arrangements characterised by the fastening means using adhesives using adhesive tapes, e.g. double-sided tapes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J10/00—Sealing arrangements
- B60J10/45—Assembling sealing arrangements with vehicle parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J10/00—Sealing arrangements
- B60J10/70—Sealing arrangements specially adapted for windows or windscreens
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
- B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
- B29C2035/0822—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using IR radiation
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The invention provides a releasable adhesive joint between two elements. The two elements are fixed to each other by means of an adhesive bead or by means of two or more adhesi-ve beads. The adhesive joint comprises a heatable separating member closely fitting the adhesive bead or embedded in the ad-hesive bead, or closely fitting or embedded in one of the adhe-sive beads. The heatable separating member looses the adhesion to the closely fitting parts of the adhesive joint or is de-stroyed upon heating the heatable separating member to a tem-perature at which the adhesive bead is not yet damaged, thus releasing the parts of the adhesive bead closely fitting the heatable separating member. This releasable adhesive joint is especially useful in fixing vehicle glass panes to a vehicle body frame.
The invention provides a releasable adhesive joint between two elements. The two elements are fixed to each other by means of an adhesive bead or by means of two or more adhesi-ve beads. The adhesive joint comprises a heatable separating member closely fitting the adhesive bead or embedded in the ad-hesive bead, or closely fitting or embedded in one of the adhe-sive beads. The heatable separating member looses the adhesion to the closely fitting parts of the adhesive joint or is de-stroyed upon heating the heatable separating member to a tem-perature at which the adhesive bead is not yet damaged, thus releasing the parts of the adhesive bead closely fitting the heatable separating member. This releasable adhesive joint is especially useful in fixing vehicle glass panes to a vehicle body frame.
Description
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RELEASABLE ADHESIVE ;JOINT, A METHOO FOR ESTABLISHING
A RELEASABLE ADHESIVE JOINI AND_AN APPARATUS FOR
RELEASING SUCH AI~IESIVE_JOINTS
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention refers, according to a first aspect, to a releasable adhesive joint between two elements in which the two elements are fixed to each other by means o~ an adhesive bead. According to a second aspect, the present inven-tion further relates to a method for establishing a releasable adhesive joint between two elements by providing an adhesive bead of particular design between the two elements to be fixed to each other. In a third and final aspect; the present inven tion further relates to an apparatus for releasiny such an ad-hesive joint fixing two elements to each other.
In the following, in accordance with the common lin-guistic usage, th~ expression "adhesive joint" is used for a connection or fixture between two rlgid elements by means of one or a plurality o~ beads of adhesive material provided bet-:~:
ween the two elements to be fixed to each other. Such adhesivejoints are very well suited, for instance, for mounting vehicle windows in the body of the vehicle; examples of such adhesive joints are disclosed e.g. in the European Patent Publications EP-Al-O 312 496 and EP-A1-0 351 369. However, the usa~e and ~' : .:
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application of such adhesive joints is not limited at all ~or mounting windows in a vehicle body.
Bven if this kind of glazing is very favourable and may be successfully used in mounting panes or windows in a ve hicle body in a quick and efficient way, the problem exists that the pane or window must be removed from the vehicle body in the case of repair of a broken pane or in the case of dis-assembling the vehicle for recycling purposes. Up to now, no efficient and quicXly to perform solution has been known for releasing the adhesive joints between two elements, e.g. bet-ween a vehicle pane and the vehicle body.
OB;IECTS OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the invention to provide a releas-able adhesive joint between two elements, particularly between a vehicle pane and a vehicle body, which can be re~eased quick-ly and efficiently in the case of repair or disassembling the vehicle.
; It is a further ob~ect of the invention to provide a method of establishing a releasable adhesive joint between two elements, particularly between a vehicle pane and a vehicle body, hy means of which such a releasable adhesive joint can be realized.
It is a still further object of the invention to pro-vide an apparatus for releasing such a releasable adhesive ~ joint in a convenient and efficient way.
: . .
2~7;~aQ~9~ ~
SUMMARY OF ~HE_NVENTION
~:.
To meet these and other objects, the invention provid-es, according to a first aspect of the :invention, a releasable adhesi~e j~int between two elements which are fixed to each other by means of an adhesive bead. Tha adhesive joint compris-es a heatable separating member closely fitting the adhesive bead or embedded in the adhesive bead. The heatable separating member looses the adhesion to the closely fitting parts of the ;~
adhesive joint or is destroyed upon heating the heatable sepa-rating member to a temperature at which the adhesive bead is not yet damaged, thus releasing the parts of the adhesive bead closely fitting the heatable separaking member.
According to a second aspect, the invention further ;; pxovides a releasable adhesive joint between two elements which are fixed to each other by means of a plurality o~ adhesive beads. Thereby, the adhesive joint comprises a heatable sepa-rating member closely fitting one of the adhesive beads or is embedded in one of the adhesive beads. The heatable separating memb~r looses the adhesion to the closely ~itting parts of the adhesive joint or is destroyed upon heating the heatable sepa-rating member to a temperature at which the one of the adhesive beads closely fitting or containing the heatable separating member is not yet damaged, thus releasing the parts o~ the one of the adheslve beads closely fitting the h~atable separatiny member.
To sum up it can be said that the releasable adhesive -` -' ' .
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joint of the invention generally comprises a heatable separat-ing member which either is in close contact to the adhesive bead as well as to one of the elements to be fixed to another one, or in close con-tact to one of the adhesive beads as well as to one of the elements to be fixed to another one in the case where more than one adhesive beads are used for the adhe-sive joint, or is embedded in tha adhesive bead used to fix one element to another one, or is embedded in one of the adhesive beads in the case where more than one adhesive beads are used for the adhesive joint. In any case, upon heating the heatable separating member to a predetermined temperature, it looses the adhesion to the closely fitting parts o~ the adhesive joint, i.e. to the adhesive bead located next to it, or it is even destroyed, with the result that the parts of the adhesive bead closely fitting the heatable separating member are released and, consequently, the adhesive joint is weakened or even de-stroyed to such an extent that the two elements can be separat-ed from each other without difficulties.
According to a particular embodiment, the heatable separating member can be located on the sur~ace of one of the two members to be fixed together and reliably fixed thereto.
Thereby, ~he adhesive bead or one of the adhesive beads used to fix the two elements to each other is applied onto the surface of the heatable separ~ting member. According to another embodi-ment, the heatable separating member can be located in the in-terior o~ the adhesive bead, if only one adhesive bead is used, or in the interior of one of the adhesive beads, if two or more ';~
~ , .'~ ~ , ' ' '' . . ' . ' ' ~. ' ' . .
~73C~92 adhesive beads are usedO
Advantageously, the heatable separating member has the shape and configuration of a flat body member. For instance, it can be provided in the form of a thin layer, particularly a thin film or foil, made of an electrically conducting thermo-plastic material. The thin layer and the thin film or ~oil, respectively, is provided with electrical connector means for the supply of electric current.
;
According to another embodiment, the heatable separat-ing member can be constituted by a thin film or foil made of a plastic material which can be heated by the application o~ high frequency, micro wave or infrared radiation.
In an embodiment of the releasable adhesive joint ac-cording to the in~ention in which two adhesive beads are pro-vided, one of the adhesive beads itsel~ can be designed as the heatable separating member. In this case, the said one of the .
adhesive beads is made of such a material which looses the ad-hesion to the adjacent and closely fitting second adhe5ive bsad at a temperature at which said second adhesive bead is not yet damaged. It is even possible to design said one of khe adhesive beads as a separating member which is destroyed at a tempera-ture at which the second adhesive bead is not damaged. In any cas~, the second adhesive bead is r leased and the two element fixed to each other can be separated easily.
An important point is that the separating element looses its adhesion to the remaining parts of the adhesive joint or is destroyed at such a temperature at which the heat '~
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transferred to the related adhesive beadl cannot damage it. If the usual adhesive materials are used, a damage of the adhesive bead would occur at a temperature of about 200 to 250 C. It is understood that the damaging process is time dependent. Due to the low thermal conductivity of the plastic materials used as adhesive agents, the temperature of the separating member can be considerably higher than the temperature at which the adhe-sive material is damaged, but only during a short time period.
The invention further provides a method for establish-ing a releasable adhesive joint between to elements to be fixed ko each other.
According to a first variation of the method, there is provided an adhesive bead and a heakahle separating member closely fitting the adhesive bead or embedded in the adhesive bead, the heatable separating member loosin~ the adhesion to the closely fitting elements or parts of the adhesive joint or being destroyed upon heating it to a temperature at which the adhesive bead is not yet damaged, thus releasing the parts o~
the adhesive bead closely fitting the heatable separating mem-ber. Then, the adhesive bead is applied to one of the elements to be fi~ed to each other, and the other one of the elements is pressed against the adhesive bead.
According to a second variation of the method, a plu-rality of adhesive beads and a heatable separating member closely fitting one of these adhesive beads or embedded in one o~ these adhesive beads are provided, whereby the heatable se-parating member looses the adhesion to the closely fitting ele-~' , ,;
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9~
ments or parts of the adhesive joint or is destroy~d upon heat-ing it to a temperature at which the one of the adhesive beads closely fitting or containing the separating member i5 not yet damaged, thus releasing parts of the one of the adhesive beads closely fitting or con'taining the heatable separating member.
Then, the plurality of adhesive beads is applied to one of the elements to be ~ix~d to each other, and finally the other of the elements is pressed against the adhesive bead.
According to a third variation of the method, there is provided a first adhesive bead and a heatable separating member closely fitting the first adhesive bead or embedded in the first adhesive bead, whereby the heatable separating member looses the adhesion to the closely fitting elements or parts of the adhesive joint or being destroyed upon heating it to a t~m-perature at which the first adhesive beads is not yet damaged, thus releasing the parts of the first adhesive bead closely fitting the heatable separating member. Then the first adheslve bead is applied to one of the elements to be fixed to each other. Thereafter, the first adhesive bead e~uipped with or closely contacting the heatable separating member is cured.
Finally, a second adhesive bead is applied onto the cured first adhesive bead, and the other one of the two elements is pressed to the second adhesive bead.
If the heatahle separating member is to be embedded into the adhesive bead or into one of the adhesi~e beads prior to applying the adhesive bead to on of the two elements to be ~ixed to each other, th~ embedding is advantageously performed .
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RELEASABLE ADHESIVE ;JOINT, A METHOO FOR ESTABLISHING
A RELEASABLE ADHESIVE JOINI AND_AN APPARATUS FOR
RELEASING SUCH AI~IESIVE_JOINTS
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention refers, according to a first aspect, to a releasable adhesive joint between two elements in which the two elements are fixed to each other by means o~ an adhesive bead. According to a second aspect, the present inven-tion further relates to a method for establishing a releasable adhesive joint between two elements by providing an adhesive bead of particular design between the two elements to be fixed to each other. In a third and final aspect; the present inven tion further relates to an apparatus for releasiny such an ad-hesive joint fixing two elements to each other.
In the following, in accordance with the common lin-guistic usage, th~ expression "adhesive joint" is used for a connection or fixture between two rlgid elements by means of one or a plurality o~ beads of adhesive material provided bet-:~:
ween the two elements to be fixed to each other. Such adhesivejoints are very well suited, for instance, for mounting vehicle windows in the body of the vehicle; examples of such adhesive joints are disclosed e.g. in the European Patent Publications EP-Al-O 312 496 and EP-A1-0 351 369. However, the usa~e and ~' : .:
, ', : ; ' ' 2g373~
application of such adhesive joints is not limited at all ~or mounting windows in a vehicle body.
Bven if this kind of glazing is very favourable and may be successfully used in mounting panes or windows in a ve hicle body in a quick and efficient way, the problem exists that the pane or window must be removed from the vehicle body in the case of repair of a broken pane or in the case of dis-assembling the vehicle for recycling purposes. Up to now, no efficient and quicXly to perform solution has been known for releasing the adhesive joints between two elements, e.g. bet-ween a vehicle pane and the vehicle body.
OB;IECTS OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the invention to provide a releas-able adhesive joint between two elements, particularly between a vehicle pane and a vehicle body, which can be re~eased quick-ly and efficiently in the case of repair or disassembling the vehicle.
; It is a further ob~ect of the invention to provide a method of establishing a releasable adhesive joint between two elements, particularly between a vehicle pane and a vehicle body, hy means of which such a releasable adhesive joint can be realized.
It is a still further object of the invention to pro-vide an apparatus for releasing such a releasable adhesive ~ joint in a convenient and efficient way.
: . .
2~7;~aQ~9~ ~
SUMMARY OF ~HE_NVENTION
~:.
To meet these and other objects, the invention provid-es, according to a first aspect of the :invention, a releasable adhesi~e j~int between two elements which are fixed to each other by means of an adhesive bead. Tha adhesive joint compris-es a heatable separating member closely fitting the adhesive bead or embedded in the adhesive bead. The heatable separating member looses the adhesion to the closely fitting parts of the ;~
adhesive joint or is destroyed upon heating the heatable sepa-rating member to a temperature at which the adhesive bead is not yet damaged, thus releasing the parts of the adhesive bead closely fitting the heatable separaking member.
According to a second aspect, the invention further ;; pxovides a releasable adhesive joint between two elements which are fixed to each other by means of a plurality o~ adhesive beads. Thereby, the adhesive joint comprises a heatable sepa-rating member closely fitting one of the adhesive beads or is embedded in one of the adhesive beads. The heatable separating memb~r looses the adhesion to the closely ~itting parts of the adhesive joint or is destroyed upon heating the heatable sepa-rating member to a temperature at which the one of the adhesive beads closely fitting or containing the heatable separating member is not yet damaged, thus releasing the parts o~ the one of the adheslve beads closely fitting the h~atable separatiny member.
To sum up it can be said that the releasable adhesive -` -' ' .
~: ' . ' ' 2g ?~
joint of the invention generally comprises a heatable separat-ing member which either is in close contact to the adhesive bead as well as to one of the elements to be fixed to another one, or in close con-tact to one of the adhesive beads as well as to one of the elements to be fixed to another one in the case where more than one adhesive beads are used for the adhe-sive joint, or is embedded in tha adhesive bead used to fix one element to another one, or is embedded in one of the adhesive beads in the case where more than one adhesive beads are used for the adhesive joint. In any case, upon heating the heatable separating member to a predetermined temperature, it looses the adhesion to the closely fitting parts o~ the adhesive joint, i.e. to the adhesive bead located next to it, or it is even destroyed, with the result that the parts of the adhesive bead closely fitting the heatable separating member are released and, consequently, the adhesive joint is weakened or even de-stroyed to such an extent that the two elements can be separat-ed from each other without difficulties.
According to a particular embodiment, the heatable separating member can be located on the sur~ace of one of the two members to be fixed together and reliably fixed thereto.
Thereby, ~he adhesive bead or one of the adhesive beads used to fix the two elements to each other is applied onto the surface of the heatable separ~ting member. According to another embodi-ment, the heatable separating member can be located in the in-terior o~ the adhesive bead, if only one adhesive bead is used, or in the interior of one of the adhesive beads, if two or more ';~
~ , .'~ ~ , ' ' '' . . ' . ' ' ~. ' ' . .
~73C~92 adhesive beads are usedO
Advantageously, the heatable separating member has the shape and configuration of a flat body member. For instance, it can be provided in the form of a thin layer, particularly a thin film or foil, made of an electrically conducting thermo-plastic material. The thin layer and the thin film or ~oil, respectively, is provided with electrical connector means for the supply of electric current.
;
According to another embodiment, the heatable separat-ing member can be constituted by a thin film or foil made of a plastic material which can be heated by the application o~ high frequency, micro wave or infrared radiation.
In an embodiment of the releasable adhesive joint ac-cording to the in~ention in which two adhesive beads are pro-vided, one of the adhesive beads itsel~ can be designed as the heatable separating member. In this case, the said one of the .
adhesive beads is made of such a material which looses the ad-hesion to the adjacent and closely fitting second adhe5ive bsad at a temperature at which said second adhesive bead is not yet damaged. It is even possible to design said one of khe adhesive beads as a separating member which is destroyed at a tempera-ture at which the second adhesive bead is not damaged. In any cas~, the second adhesive bead is r leased and the two element fixed to each other can be separated easily.
An important point is that the separating element looses its adhesion to the remaining parts of the adhesive joint or is destroyed at such a temperature at which the heat '~
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transferred to the related adhesive beadl cannot damage it. If the usual adhesive materials are used, a damage of the adhesive bead would occur at a temperature of about 200 to 250 C. It is understood that the damaging process is time dependent. Due to the low thermal conductivity of the plastic materials used as adhesive agents, the temperature of the separating member can be considerably higher than the temperature at which the adhe-sive material is damaged, but only during a short time period.
The invention further provides a method for establish-ing a releasable adhesive joint between to elements to be fixed ko each other.
According to a first variation of the method, there is provided an adhesive bead and a heakahle separating member closely fitting the adhesive bead or embedded in the adhesive bead, the heatable separating member loosin~ the adhesion to the closely fitting elements or parts of the adhesive joint or being destroyed upon heating it to a temperature at which the adhesive bead is not yet damaged, thus releasing the parts o~
the adhesive bead closely fitting the heatable separating mem-ber. Then, the adhesive bead is applied to one of the elements to be fi~ed to each other, and the other one of the elements is pressed against the adhesive bead.
According to a second variation of the method, a plu-rality of adhesive beads and a heatable separating member closely fitting one of these adhesive beads or embedded in one o~ these adhesive beads are provided, whereby the heatable se-parating member looses the adhesion to the closely fitting ele-~' , ,;
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ments or parts of the adhesive joint or is destroy~d upon heat-ing it to a temperature at which the one of the adhesive beads closely fitting or containing the separating member i5 not yet damaged, thus releasing parts of the one of the adhesive beads closely fitting or con'taining the heatable separating member.
Then, the plurality of adhesive beads is applied to one of the elements to be ~ix~d to each other, and finally the other of the elements is pressed against the adhesive bead.
According to a third variation of the method, there is provided a first adhesive bead and a heatable separating member closely fitting the first adhesive bead or embedded in the first adhesive bead, whereby the heatable separating member looses the adhesion to the closely fitting elements or parts of the adhesive joint or being destroyed upon heating it to a t~m-perature at which the first adhesive beads is not yet damaged, thus releasing the parts of the first adhesive bead closely fitting the heatable separating member. Then the first adheslve bead is applied to one of the elements to be fixed to each other. Thereafter, the first adhesive bead e~uipped with or closely contacting the heatable separating member is cured.
Finally, a second adhesive bead is applied onto the cured first adhesive bead, and the other one of the two elements is pressed to the second adhesive bead.
If the heatahle separating member is to be embedded into the adhesive bead or into one of the adhesi~e beads prior to applying the adhesive bead to on of the two elements to be ~ixed to each other, th~ embedding is advantageously performed .
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by coextrusion o~ the heatable separatiIIg member together with the corresponding adhesive bead.
However, it is also possible to apply the heatable separating member to the surface of one of the two Plements to be fixed to each other prior to applying the adhesive bead or one of the adhesive beads, for instance by spraying, painting or printing a layer of suitable material, or by rolllng-on an electrically conducting plastic material ~ilm or foil, or by rolling-on a plastic material film or foil which can be heated by means of high fre~uency, micro wave or infrared radiation, ; or by applying a plastisol to the surface of one of the two elements to be fixed to each other which plastisol can be heat-ed under the influence of high frequency, micro wave or infra-red radiation.
Particularly suitable materials to be used as the thermoplastic layer of the heatable separating member are the following substances:
polyolefines, particularly polyethylene, atactic poly-propylene, polybutene and the copolymers thereof;
~ ethylene-vinylacetate copolymers;
:~ ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers;
ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymers and corresponding metal salts;
: grafted and/or segmented ethylene vinylacetate copoly-mers;
ethylene-propylene-diene copolymers;
thermoplastic polyurethanes;
; saturated polyesters and copolyesters;
i ~
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Polyamides and copolyamides;
polyacrylates and polymethacrylates; and triblock and biblock copol~mers, particularly co-polymers consisting of polyamide, polyester and/or polyether blocks, and of polystyrene, polybutadiene and polyisobutylene blocks.
If adhesive beads made oP a polyurethane based materi- ;~
al are used, there may arise the di~iculty that these beads show a poor adhesion to separating members made o~ polyethylene based materials. This difficulty can be avoided by using an ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer having 9 to 20~ by weight of acrylic acid as a separating member. 5uch products are distri-buted by "The Dow Chemical Company9', Mi~land, MI 48674, USA, under the trade name "Primacori'. Very well suitable products are, for instance, "Primacor 1430", "Primacor 5980" and "Prima-cor 5990".
~ Similar products on the basis of methacrylic acid and its metal salts are distributed by "Du Pont" under the trade name "Surlyn".
The electric conduckivity of the material of the sepa-ra~ing member, i.e. the layer, film or foil or the plastisol, .,:, - can be created or improved by adding an electrically conductive .
material in Eine dispersion to the base material during its preparation. Examples of such materials are listed below:
- polymers ha~ing intrinsic conductivity;
,~,;
electrically conductive carbon blacks;
graphite;
. .
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metallic powcler, metallic fibres, metallic needles, particularly made of aluminum, copper, silver or tungsten;
fillers coated with metal, particularly coated with aluminum, copper, silver or tungsten;
metal coated micro balls and metal coated textile fibres; and mixtures of these materials.
Polymers having intrinsic conductivity are insoluble and not-meltable polymers the pi-electron system o~ which has been altered to a poly radical cation salt by protonation.
Thereby, a high electrical conductivity oE up to 102 S/cm and more, corresponding to a resistivity of less than 10 Ohm.cm. Suitable representatives of such materials particularly are polyaniline (PAni~ and its blend with polyvinyl chloride (PAni/ /PVC). Such products are distributed, for instance, by Zipperling Kes~ler ~ Co., D~2070 Ahrensberg, Germany, under the txade name "Versicon" and by Americhem Inc., Cuyahoga Falls, 44222~0375 OH, USA, under the trade name "Incoblend".
As metal coated textile fibres, particularly metal coated polyacrylonitrile fibres ~PAN) are preferred. These fibres have a resistivity of less than 10 3 Ohm.cm, corre-sponding to a conductivity of more than 103 S/cm. Such a pro-duct is distributed by Texmet, I-28100 Novara, Italy, under the ,,;
tracle name "Texmet".
, ~
I~ the heatable separating member is electrically con-ductive~ the releasing of the adhesive joint, ecg. cluring re-pair of a vehicle, is accomplished by supplying an electxic . .
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current to the separating member in order to heat it up. The heating of the separating member by means of electric energy can be performed by means of direct current or alternating cur-rent. In order to render ine~fective possible breaks or gaps in the flat heatable separating member originating from breaking the vehicle pane, it is advantageous to use high frequency al-ternating current for heating the separating membsr.
On the other hand, if the separating member is consti-tuted by a plastic material film or foil heatable under the influence of high fre~uency, micro wave or in~rared radiation, a high frequency, micro wave or infrared radiation source is provided to heat the separatîng member. Of course it is requir-ed that the selected radiation really can reach the place where the heating should occur, be lt due to the geometry of the ad-hesive bondj be it due to the kind of materlal of at least one of the elements to be fixed together, If one of the elements consists of glass as is usually the case with panes or windows for vehicles, this requirement is normally fulfilled as glass is permeable for the ~inds of radiation mentioned above. In the case of an adhesive joint between two metallic ~lements, such a heating is possible only in the presence of a specific geometry of the adhesive joint.
Advantageously, the heating of the heatable separating member is performed to a temperature of at least 100 C, pre-ferably to 150~ C.
In the case of repair, i.e. in the case when a damaged vehicle pane has to be replaced by a new one, a separating sur-' ' .' ' ', '' 2~7?~9~
face in the adhesive joint as smooth as possible is desired which can serve as a basis ~or a new adhesive joint without the need ~or a follow-up treatment. Due to these reasons, the first embodiment of tha adhesive joint according to the invention with a flat shaped heatable separating member is preferred.
In the case of disposal, however, i.e. when a vehicle has to be disassembled for recycling the different materials ~steel, aluminum, glass, plastic etc.)( the quality of the se-parating surface in the adhesive joint is of no further impor-tance; thus, also other heatable separating members than flat shaped ones can be used. The same goes ~or particular geometric situations, for instance i~ very thin adhesive beads are pre-sent.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the releasable adhesive joint comprises a first and a second adhesive bead whereby the first adhesive bead itself constitut-es the heatable separating member. It will loose the adhesion to the closely fitting parts of the adhesive joint or will be destroyed upon heating th~ first adhesive bead to a temperatuxe at which the second adhesive bead is not yet damaged, thus re-leasing the second adhesive bead closely fitting the fixst ad-hesive bead.
As a basis material for such adhesive beads serving simultaneously as heatable separating member, the products dis-tributed by "The Dow Chemical Company", Midland, MI 48674, USA, under the trade name "Primacor Adhesive Polymer" is very suit-able. Particularly good experiences have been made with the , . .
.' ' . . , :
2~73~
products distributed under the trade name "Primacor 5980" and "Primacor 5990".
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF ~HE DRAWINGS
In the following, a number o~ preferred embodiments of the releasable adhesive joint will be further described, with refarence to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a ve-hicle pane mounted into a frame of a vehicle body ~y a releas-able adhesive joint, according to a first embodiment;
FigO 2 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a ve-hicle pa~e mounted into a frame of a vehicle body by a releas- ..
able adhesive joint, according to a second embodiment;
~ ig. 3 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a ve-hicle pane mounted into a ~rame of a vehicle body by a releas-able adhesive joint, according to a third embodiment;
Fig. 4 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a ve-hicle pane mounted into a frame of a vehicle body by a releas- :
a~le adhe~ive joint, according to a fourth embodiment;
Fig. 5 shows a paxtial cross-sectional view o~ a ve-hicle pane mounted into a frame o~ a vehicle body by a releas-able adhesive joint, according to a sixth embodiment;
Fig. 6 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a ve hicl~ pane mounted into a frame of a vehi d e body by a releas-ble adhesive joint, according to a sixth embodiment;
. ` ' ' ' ' .: .
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Fig. 7 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a ve~
hicle pane mounted into a frame of a vehicle body by a releas-able adhesive joint, according to a seventh embodiment; and Fig. 8 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a ve-hicle pane mounted into ~ frame of a vehicle body by a releas-able adhesive joint, according to a eighth embodiment.
DETAI~ED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
In the following description, reference is made to the drawings in which, as a typical example, a glass pane is shown which is fixed to the frame of a vehicle body. However, it is understood that the releasable adhesive joint in accordance ~ith the invention can be used to fix two arbitrary elements to each other and the examples described hereinbelow are just il-lustrative.
Fig. 1 shows a vehicle body frame 114 in a partial .. . .
cross-sectional view. A glass pane 110 is releasably mounted to the vehicle ~rame 114 For this purpose, there is provided a single ~dhesive bead 112 having trapezoidal cross section. Bet--~ ween the adhesive bead 112 and the surface 116 o~ the glass . :~
,. .~, ~: pane 110, there is provided a heatable separating member 118 - constituted, for example, by a flat shaped thin plastic ma-teri-al Poil made of a suitable material as hereinbefore described.
~: If the heatable separating member 118 consists of an electri-, cally conducting material, it is provided with electrical con-nectors (nok shown) in order to be connected to a source of :~ .
, : ~ , . . ..
.
. . " ' . ' . . . .. ... .
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electric power to heat ~t up. If, however, the heatable sepa-rating member 118 consists of a material hea~able under the influence of high frequency, micro wave or infrared radiation, no electric connectors are required.
The heatable separating member 118 closely fits both a edge portion of the surface 116 of the glass pane 110 and the surface of the adhesive bead 112 facing the glass pane 110.
Thus, upon heating the separating member 118, the adhesion bet-ween the separating member 118 and the adhesive bead 112 is lost and the glass pane 110 can be removed easily from the ve-hicle body frame 114. After removal of the ylass pane llO, the free surface of the adhesive bead 112 shows a smooth finish suitable for receiving a new glass pane 110 without the need ~or a follow-up treatment of this surface.
According to Fig. 2, there is agaiI~ provided a vehicle body frame 214 into which a glass pane 210 is fixed. For this purpose, there is provided a single adhesive bead 212 having ..
~ trapezoidal cross section. The adhesive bead 212 closely fits : ^
~, the surface 216 of the glass pane 210 as well as an edge por-tion of the vehicle body frame 214. Embedded in the interior of , the single adhesive bead 212, there is provided a heatable se-~- parating member 218 constituted/ for example, by a flat shaped thin plastic material fvil madP of a suitablP material as here-inbefore described. Preferablyr the adhesive bead 212 and the heatable separating member 218 are applied to the sur~ace 216 ~ , of the glass pane 210 b~ coextrusion.
If the heatable separating member 218 consists of an ., :
.
1 ', ' . ' : ' ' Z~?7~
electrically conducting material, it is provided with electri-cal connsctors (not shown) in order to be connected to a source of electric power to heat it up. If, however, the heatable se-parating member 218 consists of a material heatable under the influence of high requency, micro wave or infrared radiation, no electric connectors are required.
Upon heating the separating member 218, the adhesion between the separating member 218 and the closely fitting upper and lower portions of the adhesive bead 212 is lost and the glass pane 210 can be removed easily from the vehicle body frame 214 because only a narrow edge portion of the adhesive bead 212 fixes the glass pane 210 to the frame 214. After re-moval of the glass pane 210, the free surface o~ the lower por-tion of the adhesive bead 212 shows a smooth fi~ish suitable for receiving a new glass pane 210 without the need for a fol low-up treatment o this surface.
., ,1 .
According to Fig. 3, there is again provided a vehicle body frame 314 into which a glass pane 310 is fixed. For this purpose, there are provided two adhesive beads 312 and 313 to-gether having trapezoidal cross section. The adhesive bead 312 ~-losely fits the surface 316 of the glass pane 310 as well as the upper surface of a heatable separating member 318 inserted between the two adhesive beads 312 and 313. The adhesive bead 313 closely ~its the lower surface of the heatable separating member 318 as well as an edge portion of the vehicle body frame 314. The heatable separating member 318 is constituted, for example, by a flat shaped thin plastic material foil made of a . ~
, . .: , , ', ' - 17 - ~ ~73~2 suitable material as hereinbe~ore described. If the heatable separating member 3~8 consists of an electrically conducting material, it i5 provided with electrical connectors ~not shown) in order to be connected to a source of electric power to heat it up. If, however, the heatable separating member 318 consists of a material heatable under the influence of high frequency, micro wave or infrared radiation, no electric co~nectors are required.
Upon heating ths separating member 318, the adhesion between the separating member 318 and the closely fitting upper r and lower adhesive beads 312 and 313 is lost and the glass pane 310 can be removed easily from the vehicle body frame 314. Af-ter removal of the glass pane 310, the free sur~ace o~ the lower adhesive bead 313 shows a smooth finish suitable for re :
ceiving a new glass pane 310 without the need for a follow-up treatment of this surface.
According to Fig. 4, there is again provided a vehicle body frame 414 into which a glass pane 410 is fixed. For this purpose, there are provided two adhesive beads 412 and 413.
Inserted betweèn the surface 416 of the glass pane 410 and the upper adhesive bead 412, there is provided a heatable separat-ng member 418. The adhesive bead ~12 closely fits the surfac of the heatable separating member 418. The adhesive bead 413 closely fits the surface of the edge portion of the vehicls body frame 414. The heatable separating member 418 is consti-tuted, for example, by a flat shap~d thin plastic material foil made of a suitable material as hereinbefore described. If the .
', : .
; - 18 - 2~'7~
heatable separating member 418 consists of an electrically con-ducting material, it is provided with electrical connectors (not shown) in order to be connected to a source of electric power to heat it up. If, however, the heatable separating mem-ber 418 consists of a material heatable under the influence of high ~requency, micro wave or infrared radiation, no electric connectors are re~uired.
In this embodiment, first the heatable separating mem-ber 418 is applied to the surface 416 o~ the glass pane 410.
Thereafter, the ~irst adhesive bead 412 is applied to the free sur~ace of the heatable separating member 418 and then cured.
After curing, the second adhesive bead 413 is applied to the first adhesive bead 412 and the glass pane thus prepared is inserted lnto the frame 414 and pressed thereagainst until also the second adhesive bead 413 lS cured.
Upon heating the separating member 418, the adhesion between the separating member 418 and the closely fitting upper adhesive bead 412 is lost and the glass pane 410 can be removed easily from the vehicle body ~rame 414. A~ter removal of the glass pane 410, the free surface of the upper adhesive bead 412 shows a smooth finish suitable for receiving a new glass pane 410 without the need for a follow-up treatment of this surface.
Fig. 5 shows an embodiment similar to the one shown in Fig. 1 with a vehicle body frame 514 in a partial cross-sec-tional view. A glass pane 510 is releasably mounted to the ve-hicle frame 514. For this purpose, there is provided a singl~
adhesive bead 512 having trapezoidal cross section. Between the .
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adhesive bead 512 and the surface of the vehicle body frame 514, there is provided a heatable separating member 518 consti-tuted, for example, by a flat shaped thin plastic material foil made of a suitable material as hereinbefore described. If the heatable separating member 518 consi~ts of an electrically con-ducting material, it is provided with electrical connector~
(not shown) in order to be connected to a source of electric power to heat it up. If r however, the heatable separating mem-ber 518 consists of a material heatable under the influence of high frequency, micro wave or infrared radiation, no electric connectors are required.
Fig. 6 shows an embodiment similar to the one shown in Fig. 4 with a vehicle body frame 614 in a partial cross-sec-tional view. A glass pane 610 is releasably mounted to the ve-~.~
- hicl~ frame 614. For this purpose, there are provided two ad-hesive beads 612 and 613. No separate heatable separating mem-, .. .
ber is re~uired, because in this embodiment, one of the two adhesive beads 612 and 613 is made of a suitable material as hereinbe~ore described, preferably the adhesive bead 612 which :;
closely fits the surface of the vehicle body frame 614. If the heatable adhesive bead 6I2 consists of an electrically conduct-ing material, it is provided with electrical connectors (not shown) in order to be connected to a source of electric power to heat it up. If, however, the heatable adhesive bead 612 con-sists of a material heatable under the in-fluence of high fr~-quency, micro wave or i~frared radiation, no electric connect ors are reguired.
- 20 ~
Upon heating the adhesive bead 612, it looses its ad-hesion to the vehicle body frame 614 and/or to the second ad-hesive bead 613 such that the glass pane 610 can be easily re-moved, together with the second adhesive bead 613 which closely fits the surface 416 of thé glass pane 610.
Fig. 7 also shows an embodiment similar to ~he one shown in Fig. 4 with a vehicle body frame 714 in a partial cross-sectional view. A glass pane 710 is releasably mounted to the vehicle frame 714~ For this purpose, there are provided two adhesive beads 712 and 713. A heatable separating member 718 is inserted between the upper portion 712B and the lower portion 712A of the ~irst adhesive bead 712 which closely fits the sur-face 716 o~ the glass pane 710. The separating member 718 is ., ~",j made of a suitable material as hereinbefore described. If the ,,j heatable separating member 718 consists of an electrically con-. , ducting material, it is provided with electrical connectors (not shown) in order to be connected to a source of electric powar to heat it up. If, however, the heatable separating mem-ber 7:L8 consists of a material heatable under the influence of high frequency, micro wave or infrared radiation, no electric connectors are required.
The lower adhesive bead 713 closely fits both the lower portion 712A of the first adhes~ve bead 712 as well as the surface o~ the vehicle body frame 7~4.
In this embodiment, first the adhesive bead 712 con-sisting of the upper and lower portions 712B and 712A together with the heatable separating member 718 is applied to the sur-.
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face 716 of the glass pane 710, preferahly by coextrusion and then cured. After curing, the second adhesive bead 713 is applied to the ~irst adhesive bead 712 and the glass pane 710 thus prepared is insertPd into the frame 714 and pressed there-against until also the second adhesive bead 713 is cured.
Upon heatlng ~he separating member 718, it looses its adhesion to the upper portion 712B and/or to the low~r portion 712A of the adhesive bead 712 such that the glass pane 710 can be easily removed, together with the first portion 712B of the adhesive bead 713 which closely fits the surface 716 of the glass pane 710. After removal of the glass pane 710, the free surface of the lower portion 712A of the adhesive bead 712 shows a smooth finish suitable for receiving a new glass pane 710 without the need for a follow-up treatment of this surface.
Finally, Fig. 8 also shows an embodiment similar to the one shown in Fig. 4 with a vehicle body frame 814 in a partial cross-sectional view. A glass pane 810 is releasably mounted to the vehicle frame 814. For this purpose, there are provided two adhesive beads 812 and 813. A heatable separating member 818 is embedded in the adhesive bead 813 which closely fits the surface of the vehicle body frame 814. The adhesive bead 812 closely fits the surface 816 of the glass pane ~10.
The separating member 818 is made of a suitable mate-rial as hereinbefore described. If the heatable separating mem-, ber 818 consists of an electrically conducting material, it isprovided with electrical connectors (not shown) in order to be connected to a source of electric power to heat it up. If, how-, ' , ' `: ., , ~ , . . . . .
- ~ ., ~ ,. ', , .
; ' ,': ,, : : ' .
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ever, the heatable separating member 818 consists of a material heatable under the influence of high frequency, micro wave or infrared radiation, no electric connectors are reguired.
~ .
The lower adhesive bead 813 closely fits both the :.
upper adhesive bead 812 as well as the surface of the vehicle ; body frame 814.
.`~ In this embodiment, first the adhesive bead 812 to-gether with the heatable separating member 818 is applied to ; the surface 816 of the glass pane 810, pre~erably by coextru-sion, and then cured. After curing, the second adhesive bead 813 is applied to the ~irst adhesive bead 812 and the glass pane 810 thus prepared is inserted into the frame 814 and pressed thereagainst until also the second adhesive bead 813 is .~ cured.
if Upon heating the separating member 818, it looses its .~ adhesion to the lower adhesive bead 813 such that the glass ~ .
pane 810 can be easily removed, together with the upper ad-hesive bPad 813 which closely fits the surface 816 of the glass pane 810 because the two adhesive beads 812 and 813 are con-nected to each other only by very small edge portions which easily can be destroyed.
: . EXAMPLES OF APPLICATION
The ~ollowing examples of application describe heating tests which have been performed with electrically conductive polymsr foils.
, ~ . .. . . .
' , ' ' ' ` '; ' .. ..
. ,~. . . .. .
- ~3 -:. ....
r In this example, use was made of a foil distributed ~: under the trade name "PE 105 LF", i.e. a polyethylene rendered electrically conductive by adding carbon black thereto, by - Zipperling Kessler & CoO, D-2070 Ahrensberg, Germany. The xe-:
sistivity of this material amounts to 0.5 ohm.cm, corresponding to a conductivity o~ 2 S/cm. It has been tested in the form of an elongated tape.
:'',, Test Conditions Tape length:400 cm 200 cm 200 cm Tape width: 10 mm 10 mm 10 mm Tape thickness:1 mm 1 mm 1 mm Frequency: 50 cps 50 cps 50 cps : Voltage (AC):260 V 260 V 260 V
. Initial Temperature: 30 C 30 C 30 C
` .
Initial Measurement Values Resistance:3200 ohm 1900 ohm 940 ohm Power Consu~ption: 21.13 W 35.58 W 71.91 W
:' . Measured Values after 5 min . : Temperature:40 C 55 C 100 C
Heating Time5 min 5 min 3.5 minl) Resistance:3300 ohm 2100 ohm 1700 ohm Power Consumption: 20.48 W 32.1~ W 39.76 W
1~ So~t after 2 min, sticky after 3 min, test stopped after 3.5 min.
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In this example, use was made o~ a foil distributed under the trade name "Primacor 5980" containing 20~ by weight carbon black and 5% by weight polyacrylonitrile fibres coated with nickel, a test product of "Texmet", I-28100 Novara, Italy.
The resistivity of this material amounts to 0.1 ohm.cm, cor-responding to a conductivity of 10 S/cm. It has besn tested in the form o~ an elongated tape.
', Test. Conditions Tape length:400 cm 200 cm 200 cm Tape width:10 mm 10 mm 10 mm Tape thickness:2 mm 2 mm 2 mm Frequency:50 cps 50 cæs 50 cps Voltage (AC):260 V 260 V 260 V
Initial Temperature: 30 C 30 C 30 C
~ .
Initial Measurement Values Resistance: 350 ohm 200 ohm120 ohm Power Consumption: 195 W 340 W 560 W
Measured Values after 5 min TemE)erature:~100 C ~100 C ~100 C
Heating Time2 min )1 min ) 0.5 min ) Resistance:3300 ohm2100 ohm 1700 ohm Power Consumption: 20.48 W 32.19 W 39.76 W
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1) Heating test terminated, since the poly-mer had molken.
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by coextrusion o~ the heatable separatiIIg member together with the corresponding adhesive bead.
However, it is also possible to apply the heatable separating member to the surface of one of the two Plements to be fixed to each other prior to applying the adhesive bead or one of the adhesive beads, for instance by spraying, painting or printing a layer of suitable material, or by rolllng-on an electrically conducting plastic material ~ilm or foil, or by rolling-on a plastic material film or foil which can be heated by means of high fre~uency, micro wave or infrared radiation, ; or by applying a plastisol to the surface of one of the two elements to be fixed to each other which plastisol can be heat-ed under the influence of high frequency, micro wave or infra-red radiation.
Particularly suitable materials to be used as the thermoplastic layer of the heatable separating member are the following substances:
polyolefines, particularly polyethylene, atactic poly-propylene, polybutene and the copolymers thereof;
~ ethylene-vinylacetate copolymers;
:~ ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers;
ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymers and corresponding metal salts;
: grafted and/or segmented ethylene vinylacetate copoly-mers;
ethylene-propylene-diene copolymers;
thermoplastic polyurethanes;
; saturated polyesters and copolyesters;
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;:
2~7~g~ ~:
Polyamides and copolyamides;
polyacrylates and polymethacrylates; and triblock and biblock copol~mers, particularly co-polymers consisting of polyamide, polyester and/or polyether blocks, and of polystyrene, polybutadiene and polyisobutylene blocks.
If adhesive beads made oP a polyurethane based materi- ;~
al are used, there may arise the di~iculty that these beads show a poor adhesion to separating members made o~ polyethylene based materials. This difficulty can be avoided by using an ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer having 9 to 20~ by weight of acrylic acid as a separating member. 5uch products are distri-buted by "The Dow Chemical Company9', Mi~land, MI 48674, USA, under the trade name "Primacori'. Very well suitable products are, for instance, "Primacor 1430", "Primacor 5980" and "Prima-cor 5990".
~ Similar products on the basis of methacrylic acid and its metal salts are distributed by "Du Pont" under the trade name "Surlyn".
The electric conduckivity of the material of the sepa-ra~ing member, i.e. the layer, film or foil or the plastisol, .,:, - can be created or improved by adding an electrically conductive .
material in Eine dispersion to the base material during its preparation. Examples of such materials are listed below:
- polymers ha~ing intrinsic conductivity;
,~,;
electrically conductive carbon blacks;
graphite;
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:
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:",' , .. . . , . ., . : - ~ , . ' .
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metallic powcler, metallic fibres, metallic needles, particularly made of aluminum, copper, silver or tungsten;
fillers coated with metal, particularly coated with aluminum, copper, silver or tungsten;
metal coated micro balls and metal coated textile fibres; and mixtures of these materials.
Polymers having intrinsic conductivity are insoluble and not-meltable polymers the pi-electron system o~ which has been altered to a poly radical cation salt by protonation.
Thereby, a high electrical conductivity oE up to 102 S/cm and more, corresponding to a resistivity of less than 10 Ohm.cm. Suitable representatives of such materials particularly are polyaniline (PAni~ and its blend with polyvinyl chloride (PAni/ /PVC). Such products are distributed, for instance, by Zipperling Kes~ler ~ Co., D~2070 Ahrensberg, Germany, under the txade name "Versicon" and by Americhem Inc., Cuyahoga Falls, 44222~0375 OH, USA, under the trade name "Incoblend".
As metal coated textile fibres, particularly metal coated polyacrylonitrile fibres ~PAN) are preferred. These fibres have a resistivity of less than 10 3 Ohm.cm, corre-sponding to a conductivity of more than 103 S/cm. Such a pro-duct is distributed by Texmet, I-28100 Novara, Italy, under the ,,;
tracle name "Texmet".
, ~
I~ the heatable separating member is electrically con-ductive~ the releasing of the adhesive joint, ecg. cluring re-pair of a vehicle, is accomplished by supplying an electxic . .
'' ' .. . .
.
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2~
current to the separating member in order to heat it up. The heating of the separating member by means of electric energy can be performed by means of direct current or alternating cur-rent. In order to render ine~fective possible breaks or gaps in the flat heatable separating member originating from breaking the vehicle pane, it is advantageous to use high frequency al-ternating current for heating the separating membsr.
On the other hand, if the separating member is consti-tuted by a plastic material film or foil heatable under the influence of high fre~uency, micro wave or in~rared radiation, a high frequency, micro wave or infrared radiation source is provided to heat the separatîng member. Of course it is requir-ed that the selected radiation really can reach the place where the heating should occur, be lt due to the geometry of the ad-hesive bondj be it due to the kind of materlal of at least one of the elements to be fixed together, If one of the elements consists of glass as is usually the case with panes or windows for vehicles, this requirement is normally fulfilled as glass is permeable for the ~inds of radiation mentioned above. In the case of an adhesive joint between two metallic ~lements, such a heating is possible only in the presence of a specific geometry of the adhesive joint.
Advantageously, the heating of the heatable separating member is performed to a temperature of at least 100 C, pre-ferably to 150~ C.
In the case of repair, i.e. in the case when a damaged vehicle pane has to be replaced by a new one, a separating sur-' ' .' ' ', '' 2~7?~9~
face in the adhesive joint as smooth as possible is desired which can serve as a basis ~or a new adhesive joint without the need ~or a follow-up treatment. Due to these reasons, the first embodiment of tha adhesive joint according to the invention with a flat shaped heatable separating member is preferred.
In the case of disposal, however, i.e. when a vehicle has to be disassembled for recycling the different materials ~steel, aluminum, glass, plastic etc.)( the quality of the se-parating surface in the adhesive joint is of no further impor-tance; thus, also other heatable separating members than flat shaped ones can be used. The same goes ~or particular geometric situations, for instance i~ very thin adhesive beads are pre-sent.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the releasable adhesive joint comprises a first and a second adhesive bead whereby the first adhesive bead itself constitut-es the heatable separating member. It will loose the adhesion to the closely fitting parts of the adhesive joint or will be destroyed upon heating th~ first adhesive bead to a temperatuxe at which the second adhesive bead is not yet damaged, thus re-leasing the second adhesive bead closely fitting the fixst ad-hesive bead.
As a basis material for such adhesive beads serving simultaneously as heatable separating member, the products dis-tributed by "The Dow Chemical Company", Midland, MI 48674, USA, under the trade name "Primacor Adhesive Polymer" is very suit-able. Particularly good experiences have been made with the , . .
.' ' . . , :
2~73~
products distributed under the trade name "Primacor 5980" and "Primacor 5990".
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF ~HE DRAWINGS
In the following, a number o~ preferred embodiments of the releasable adhesive joint will be further described, with refarence to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a ve-hicle pane mounted into a frame of a vehicle body ~y a releas-able adhesive joint, according to a first embodiment;
FigO 2 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a ve-hicle pa~e mounted into a frame of a vehicle body by a releas- ..
able adhesive joint, according to a second embodiment;
~ ig. 3 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a ve-hicle pane mounted into a ~rame of a vehicle body by a releas-able adhesive joint, according to a third embodiment;
Fig. 4 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a ve-hicle pane mounted into a frame of a vehicle body by a releas- :
a~le adhe~ive joint, according to a fourth embodiment;
Fig. 5 shows a paxtial cross-sectional view o~ a ve-hicle pane mounted into a frame o~ a vehicle body by a releas-able adhesive joint, according to a sixth embodiment;
Fig. 6 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a ve hicl~ pane mounted into a frame of a vehi d e body by a releas-ble adhesive joint, according to a sixth embodiment;
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Fig. 7 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a ve~
hicle pane mounted into a frame of a vehicle body by a releas-able adhesive joint, according to a seventh embodiment; and Fig. 8 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a ve-hicle pane mounted into ~ frame of a vehicle body by a releas-able adhesive joint, according to a eighth embodiment.
DETAI~ED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
In the following description, reference is made to the drawings in which, as a typical example, a glass pane is shown which is fixed to the frame of a vehicle body. However, it is understood that the releasable adhesive joint in accordance ~ith the invention can be used to fix two arbitrary elements to each other and the examples described hereinbelow are just il-lustrative.
Fig. 1 shows a vehicle body frame 114 in a partial .. . .
cross-sectional view. A glass pane 110 is releasably mounted to the vehicle ~rame 114 For this purpose, there is provided a single ~dhesive bead 112 having trapezoidal cross section. Bet--~ ween the adhesive bead 112 and the surface 116 o~ the glass . :~
,. .~, ~: pane 110, there is provided a heatable separating member 118 - constituted, for example, by a flat shaped thin plastic ma-teri-al Poil made of a suitable material as hereinbefore described.
~: If the heatable separating member 118 consists of an electri-, cally conducting material, it is provided with electrical con-nectors (nok shown) in order to be connected to a source of :~ .
, : ~ , . . ..
.
. . " ' . ' . . . .. ... .
ZC?7~ 9i~
electric power to heat ~t up. If, however, the heatable sepa-rating member 118 consists of a material hea~able under the influence of high frequency, micro wave or infrared radiation, no electric connectors are required.
The heatable separating member 118 closely fits both a edge portion of the surface 116 of the glass pane 110 and the surface of the adhesive bead 112 facing the glass pane 110.
Thus, upon heating the separating member 118, the adhesion bet-ween the separating member 118 and the adhesive bead 112 is lost and the glass pane 110 can be removed easily from the ve-hicle body frame 114. After removal of the ylass pane llO, the free surface of the adhesive bead 112 shows a smooth finish suitable for receiving a new glass pane 110 without the need ~or a follow-up treatment of this surface.
According to Fig. 2, there is agaiI~ provided a vehicle body frame 214 into which a glass pane 210 is fixed. For this purpose, there is provided a single adhesive bead 212 having ..
~ trapezoidal cross section. The adhesive bead 212 closely fits : ^
~, the surface 216 of the glass pane 210 as well as an edge por-tion of the vehicle body frame 214. Embedded in the interior of , the single adhesive bead 212, there is provided a heatable se-~- parating member 218 constituted/ for example, by a flat shaped thin plastic material fvil madP of a suitablP material as here-inbefore described. Preferablyr the adhesive bead 212 and the heatable separating member 218 are applied to the sur~ace 216 ~ , of the glass pane 210 b~ coextrusion.
If the heatable separating member 218 consists of an ., :
.
1 ', ' . ' : ' ' Z~?7~
electrically conducting material, it is provided with electri-cal connsctors (not shown) in order to be connected to a source of electric power to heat it up. If, however, the heatable se-parating member 218 consists of a material heatable under the influence of high requency, micro wave or infrared radiation, no electric connectors are required.
Upon heating the separating member 218, the adhesion between the separating member 218 and the closely fitting upper and lower portions of the adhesive bead 212 is lost and the glass pane 210 can be removed easily from the vehicle body frame 214 because only a narrow edge portion of the adhesive bead 212 fixes the glass pane 210 to the frame 214. After re-moval of the glass pane 210, the free surface o~ the lower por-tion of the adhesive bead 212 shows a smooth fi~ish suitable for receiving a new glass pane 210 without the need for a fol low-up treatment o this surface.
., ,1 .
According to Fig. 3, there is again provided a vehicle body frame 314 into which a glass pane 310 is fixed. For this purpose, there are provided two adhesive beads 312 and 313 to-gether having trapezoidal cross section. The adhesive bead 312 ~-losely fits the surface 316 of the glass pane 310 as well as the upper surface of a heatable separating member 318 inserted between the two adhesive beads 312 and 313. The adhesive bead 313 closely ~its the lower surface of the heatable separating member 318 as well as an edge portion of the vehicle body frame 314. The heatable separating member 318 is constituted, for example, by a flat shaped thin plastic material foil made of a . ~
, . .: , , ', ' - 17 - ~ ~73~2 suitable material as hereinbe~ore described. If the heatable separating member 3~8 consists of an electrically conducting material, it i5 provided with electrical connectors ~not shown) in order to be connected to a source of electric power to heat it up. If, however, the heatable separating member 318 consists of a material heatable under the influence of high frequency, micro wave or infrared radiation, no electric co~nectors are required.
Upon heating ths separating member 318, the adhesion between the separating member 318 and the closely fitting upper r and lower adhesive beads 312 and 313 is lost and the glass pane 310 can be removed easily from the vehicle body frame 314. Af-ter removal of the glass pane 310, the free sur~ace o~ the lower adhesive bead 313 shows a smooth finish suitable for re :
ceiving a new glass pane 310 without the need for a follow-up treatment of this surface.
According to Fig. 4, there is again provided a vehicle body frame 414 into which a glass pane 410 is fixed. For this purpose, there are provided two adhesive beads 412 and 413.
Inserted betweèn the surface 416 of the glass pane 410 and the upper adhesive bead 412, there is provided a heatable separat-ng member 418. The adhesive bead ~12 closely fits the surfac of the heatable separating member 418. The adhesive bead 413 closely fits the surface of the edge portion of the vehicls body frame 414. The heatable separating member 418 is consti-tuted, for example, by a flat shap~d thin plastic material foil made of a suitable material as hereinbefore described. If the .
', : .
; - 18 - 2~'7~
heatable separating member 418 consists of an electrically con-ducting material, it is provided with electrical connectors (not shown) in order to be connected to a source of electric power to heat it up. If, however, the heatable separating mem-ber 418 consists of a material heatable under the influence of high ~requency, micro wave or infrared radiation, no electric connectors are re~uired.
In this embodiment, first the heatable separating mem-ber 418 is applied to the surface 416 o~ the glass pane 410.
Thereafter, the ~irst adhesive bead 412 is applied to the free sur~ace of the heatable separating member 418 and then cured.
After curing, the second adhesive bead 413 is applied to the first adhesive bead 412 and the glass pane thus prepared is inserted lnto the frame 414 and pressed thereagainst until also the second adhesive bead 413 lS cured.
Upon heating the separating member 418, the adhesion between the separating member 418 and the closely fitting upper adhesive bead 412 is lost and the glass pane 410 can be removed easily from the vehicle body ~rame 414. A~ter removal of the glass pane 410, the free surface of the upper adhesive bead 412 shows a smooth finish suitable for receiving a new glass pane 410 without the need for a follow-up treatment of this surface.
Fig. 5 shows an embodiment similar to the one shown in Fig. 1 with a vehicle body frame 514 in a partial cross-sec-tional view. A glass pane 510 is releasably mounted to the ve-hicle frame 514. For this purpose, there is provided a singl~
adhesive bead 512 having trapezoidal cross section. Between the .
', ~ ' .
~ 19 - 26~'~3~
adhesive bead 512 and the surface of the vehicle body frame 514, there is provided a heatable separating member 518 consti-tuted, for example, by a flat shaped thin plastic material foil made of a suitable material as hereinbefore described. If the heatable separating member 518 consi~ts of an electrically con-ducting material, it is provided with electrical connector~
(not shown) in order to be connected to a source of electric power to heat it up. If r however, the heatable separating mem-ber 518 consists of a material heatable under the influence of high frequency, micro wave or infrared radiation, no electric connectors are required.
Fig. 6 shows an embodiment similar to the one shown in Fig. 4 with a vehicle body frame 614 in a partial cross-sec-tional view. A glass pane 610 is releasably mounted to the ve-~.~
- hicl~ frame 614. For this purpose, there are provided two ad-hesive beads 612 and 613. No separate heatable separating mem-, .. .
ber is re~uired, because in this embodiment, one of the two adhesive beads 612 and 613 is made of a suitable material as hereinbe~ore described, preferably the adhesive bead 612 which :;
closely fits the surface of the vehicle body frame 614. If the heatable adhesive bead 6I2 consists of an electrically conduct-ing material, it is provided with electrical connectors (not shown) in order to be connected to a source of electric power to heat it up. If, however, the heatable adhesive bead 612 con-sists of a material heatable under the in-fluence of high fr~-quency, micro wave or i~frared radiation, no electric connect ors are reguired.
- 20 ~
Upon heating the adhesive bead 612, it looses its ad-hesion to the vehicle body frame 614 and/or to the second ad-hesive bead 613 such that the glass pane 610 can be easily re-moved, together with the second adhesive bead 613 which closely fits the surface 416 of thé glass pane 610.
Fig. 7 also shows an embodiment similar to ~he one shown in Fig. 4 with a vehicle body frame 714 in a partial cross-sectional view. A glass pane 710 is releasably mounted to the vehicle frame 714~ For this purpose, there are provided two adhesive beads 712 and 713. A heatable separating member 718 is inserted between the upper portion 712B and the lower portion 712A of the ~irst adhesive bead 712 which closely fits the sur-face 716 o~ the glass pane 710. The separating member 718 is ., ~",j made of a suitable material as hereinbefore described. If the ,,j heatable separating member 718 consists of an electrically con-. , ducting material, it is provided with electrical connectors (not shown) in order to be connected to a source of electric powar to heat it up. If, however, the heatable separating mem-ber 7:L8 consists of a material heatable under the influence of high frequency, micro wave or infrared radiation, no electric connectors are required.
The lower adhesive bead 713 closely fits both the lower portion 712A of the first adhes~ve bead 712 as well as the surface o~ the vehicle body frame 7~4.
In this embodiment, first the adhesive bead 712 con-sisting of the upper and lower portions 712B and 712A together with the heatable separating member 718 is applied to the sur-.
: ,, . . , ~ . . . .
, -. : , `~
2~7~9~
face 716 of the glass pane 710, preferahly by coextrusion and then cured. After curing, the second adhesive bead 713 is applied to the ~irst adhesive bead 712 and the glass pane 710 thus prepared is insertPd into the frame 714 and pressed there-against until also the second adhesive bead 713 is cured.
Upon heatlng ~he separating member 718, it looses its adhesion to the upper portion 712B and/or to the low~r portion 712A of the adhesive bead 712 such that the glass pane 710 can be easily removed, together with the first portion 712B of the adhesive bead 713 which closely fits the surface 716 of the glass pane 710. After removal of the glass pane 710, the free surface of the lower portion 712A of the adhesive bead 712 shows a smooth finish suitable for receiving a new glass pane 710 without the need for a follow-up treatment of this surface.
Finally, Fig. 8 also shows an embodiment similar to the one shown in Fig. 4 with a vehicle body frame 814 in a partial cross-sectional view. A glass pane 810 is releasably mounted to the vehicle frame 814. For this purpose, there are provided two adhesive beads 812 and 813. A heatable separating member 818 is embedded in the adhesive bead 813 which closely fits the surface of the vehicle body frame 814. The adhesive bead 812 closely fits the surface 816 of the glass pane ~10.
The separating member 818 is made of a suitable mate-rial as hereinbefore described. If the heatable separating mem-, ber 818 consists of an electrically conducting material, it isprovided with electrical connectors (not shown) in order to be connected to a source of electric power to heat it up. If, how-, ' , ' `: ., , ~ , . . . . .
- ~ ., ~ ,. ', , .
; ' ,': ,, : : ' .
;~7~
ever, the heatable separating member 818 consists of a material heatable under the influence of high frequency, micro wave or infrared radiation, no electric connectors are reguired.
~ .
The lower adhesive bead 813 closely fits both the :.
upper adhesive bead 812 as well as the surface of the vehicle ; body frame 814.
.`~ In this embodiment, first the adhesive bead 812 to-gether with the heatable separating member 818 is applied to ; the surface 816 of the glass pane 810, pre~erably by coextru-sion, and then cured. After curing, the second adhesive bead 813 is applied to the ~irst adhesive bead 812 and the glass pane 810 thus prepared is inserted into the frame 814 and pressed thereagainst until also the second adhesive bead 813 is .~ cured.
if Upon heating the separating member 818, it looses its .~ adhesion to the lower adhesive bead 813 such that the glass ~ .
pane 810 can be easily removed, together with the upper ad-hesive bPad 813 which closely fits the surface 816 of the glass pane 810 because the two adhesive beads 812 and 813 are con-nected to each other only by very small edge portions which easily can be destroyed.
: . EXAMPLES OF APPLICATION
The ~ollowing examples of application describe heating tests which have been performed with electrically conductive polymsr foils.
, ~ . .. . . .
' , ' ' ' ` '; ' .. ..
. ,~. . . .. .
- ~3 -:. ....
r In this example, use was made of a foil distributed ~: under the trade name "PE 105 LF", i.e. a polyethylene rendered electrically conductive by adding carbon black thereto, by - Zipperling Kessler & CoO, D-2070 Ahrensberg, Germany. The xe-:
sistivity of this material amounts to 0.5 ohm.cm, corresponding to a conductivity o~ 2 S/cm. It has been tested in the form of an elongated tape.
:'',, Test Conditions Tape length:400 cm 200 cm 200 cm Tape width: 10 mm 10 mm 10 mm Tape thickness:1 mm 1 mm 1 mm Frequency: 50 cps 50 cps 50 cps : Voltage (AC):260 V 260 V 260 V
. Initial Temperature: 30 C 30 C 30 C
` .
Initial Measurement Values Resistance:3200 ohm 1900 ohm 940 ohm Power Consu~ption: 21.13 W 35.58 W 71.91 W
:' . Measured Values after 5 min . : Temperature:40 C 55 C 100 C
Heating Time5 min 5 min 3.5 minl) Resistance:3300 ohm 2100 ohm 1700 ohm Power Consumption: 20.48 W 32.1~ W 39.76 W
1~ So~t after 2 min, sticky after 3 min, test stopped after 3.5 min.
"' ' "'' , ... ' " ' ' .
2~ -3~9~
In this example, use was made o~ a foil distributed under the trade name "Primacor 5980" containing 20~ by weight carbon black and 5% by weight polyacrylonitrile fibres coated with nickel, a test product of "Texmet", I-28100 Novara, Italy.
The resistivity of this material amounts to 0.1 ohm.cm, cor-responding to a conductivity of 10 S/cm. It has besn tested in the form o~ an elongated tape.
', Test. Conditions Tape length:400 cm 200 cm 200 cm Tape width:10 mm 10 mm 10 mm Tape thickness:2 mm 2 mm 2 mm Frequency:50 cps 50 cæs 50 cps Voltage (AC):260 V 260 V 260 V
Initial Temperature: 30 C 30 C 30 C
~ .
Initial Measurement Values Resistance: 350 ohm 200 ohm120 ohm Power Consumption: 195 W 340 W 560 W
Measured Values after 5 min TemE)erature:~100 C ~100 C ~100 C
Heating Time2 min )1 min ) 0.5 min ) Resistance:3300 ohm2100 ohm 1700 ohm Power Consumption: 20.48 W 32.19 W 39.76 W
-;
1) Heating test terminated, since the poly-mer had molken.
' ' ~ ' ' ' ' ' ', .
Claims (44)
1. Releasable adhesive joint between two elements, said two elements being fixed to each other by means of an ad-hesive bead said adhesive joint comprising a heatable separat-ing member closely fitting said adhesive bead or embedded in said adhesive bead, said heatable separating member lossing the adhesion to the closely fitting parts of the adhesive joint or being destroyed upon heating said heatable separating member to a temperature at which said adhesive bead is not yet damaged, thus releasing the parts of said adhesive bead closely fitting said heatable separating member.
2. Releasable adhesive joint between two elements, said two elements being fixed to each other by means of a plu-rality of adhesive beads, said adhesive joint comprising a heatable separating member closely fitting one of said adhesive beads or embedded in one of said adhesive beads, said heatable separating member loosing the adhesion to the closely fitting parts of the adhesive joint or being destroyed upon heating said heatable separating member to a temperature at which said one of said adhesive beads is not yet damaged, thus releasing the parts of said one of said adhesive beads closely fitting said heatable separating member.
3. Releasable adhesive joint according to claim 1 or 2 in which said heatable separating element closely fits one of said two elements which axe fixed to each other by means of said adhesive bead and said adhesive beads, respectively.
4. Releasable adhesive joint according to claim 1 or 2 in which said heatable separating element is located in the interior of said adhesive bead and of said one of said adhesive beads, respectively.
5. Releasable adhesive joint according to claim 1 or 2 in which said heatable separating element has the shape of a flat body member.
6. Releasable adhesive joint according to claim 5 in which said heatable separating element is constituted by a thermoplastic layer.
7. Releasable adhesive joint according to claim 5 in which said heatable separating element is constituted by a foil made of thermoplastic material.
8. Releasable adhesive joint according to claim 7 in which said heatable separating element is made of a material selected from the group comprising:
polyolefines, particularly polyethylene, atactic poly-propylene, polybutene and the copolymers thereof;
ethylene-vinylacetate copolymers;
ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers;
ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymers and corresponding metal salts;
grafted and/or segmented ethylene vinylacetate copoly-mers;
ethylene-propylene-diene copolymers;
thermoplastic polyurethanes;
saturated polyesters and copolyesters;
polyamides and copolyamides;
polyacrylates and polymethacrylates; and triblock and biblock copolymers, particularly co-polymers consisting of polyamide, polyester and/or polyether blocks, and of polystyrene, polybutadiene and polyisobutylene blocks.
polyolefines, particularly polyethylene, atactic poly-propylene, polybutene and the copolymers thereof;
ethylene-vinylacetate copolymers;
ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers;
ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymers and corresponding metal salts;
grafted and/or segmented ethylene vinylacetate copoly-mers;
ethylene-propylene-diene copolymers;
thermoplastic polyurethanes;
saturated polyesters and copolyesters;
polyamides and copolyamides;
polyacrylates and polymethacrylates; and triblock and biblock copolymers, particularly co-polymers consisting of polyamide, polyester and/or polyether blocks, and of polystyrene, polybutadiene and polyisobutylene blocks.
9. Releasable adhesive joint according to claim 6 in which said thermoplastic layer is electrically conducting.
10. Releasable adhesive joint according to claim 9 in which said thermoplastic layer comprises electrically conduct-ing additives selected from the group consisting of:
polymers having intrinsic conductivity;
electrically conductive carbon black;
graphite;
metallic powder, metallic fibres, metallic needles, particularly made of aluminum, copper, silver or tungsten;
fillers coated with metal, particularly coated with aluminum, copper, silver or tungsten;
metal coated micro balls and metal coated textile fibres; and mixtures of these materials.
polymers having intrinsic conductivity;
electrically conductive carbon black;
graphite;
metallic powder, metallic fibres, metallic needles, particularly made of aluminum, copper, silver or tungsten;
fillers coated with metal, particularly coated with aluminum, copper, silver or tungsten;
metal coated micro balls and metal coated textile fibres; and mixtures of these materials.
11. Releasable adhesive joint according to claim 10 in which said polymers having intrinsic conductivity are selected from the group comprising polyaniline and a blend of polyani-line and polyvinyl chloride.
12. Releasable adhesive joint according to claim 10 in which said metal coated fillers are selected from the group comprising metal coated micro glass balls and metal coated tex-tile fibres.
13. Releasable adhesive joint according to claim 11 in which said metal coated textile fibres are metal coated poly-acrylonitrile fibres.
14. Releasable adhesive joint according to claim 1 or 2 in which said heatable separating member is a foil which can be heated by means of high frequency radiation.
15. Releasable adhesive joint according to claim 1 or 2 in which said heatable separating member is a foil which can be heated by means of micro wave radiation.
16. Releasable adhesive joint according to claim 1 or 2 in which said heatable separating member is a foil which can be heated by means of infrared radiation.
17. Releasable adhesive joint according to claim 2 comprising a first and a second adhesive bead, said first ad-hesive bead itself constituting the heatable separating member loosing the adhesion to the closely fitting parts of the ad-hesive joint or being destroyed upon heating said first ad-hesive bead to a temperature at which said second adhesive bead is not yet damaged, thus releasing said second adhesive bead closely fitting said first adhesive bead.
18. A method for establishing a releasable adhesive joint between two elements, said method comprising the steps of providing an adhesive bead, providing a heatable separating member closely fitting said adhesive bead or embedded in said adhesive bead, said heatable separating member loosing the ad-hesion to the closely fitting elements or parts of the adhesive joint or being destroyed upon heating said heatable separating member to a temperature at which said adhesive bead is not yet damaged, thus releasing the parts of said adhesive bead closely fitting said heatable separating member, applying said adhesive bead to one of said first and second elements to be fixed to each other, and pressing the other of said first and second elements against said adhesive bead.
19. A method for establishing a releasable adhesive joint between two elements, said method comprising the steps of providing a plurality of adhesive beads, providing a heatable separating member closely fitting one of said adhesive beads or embedded in one of said adhesive beads, said heatable separat-ing member loosing the adhesion to the closely fitting elements or parts of the adhesive joint or being destroyed upon heating said heatable separating member to a temperature at which said one of said adhesive beads is not yet damaged, thus releasing the parts of said one of said adhesive beads closely fitting said heatable separating member, applying said plurality of ad-hesive beads to one of said first and second elements to be fixed to each other, and pressing the other of said first and second elements against said adhesive bead.
20. A method for establishing a releasable adhesive joint between two elements, said method comprising the steps of providing a first adhesive bead, providing a heatable separat-ing member closely fitting said first adhesive bead or embedded in said first adhesive bead, said heatable separating member loosing the adhesion to the closely fitting elements or parts of the adhesive joint or being destroyed upon heating said heatable separating member to a temperature at which said first adhesive beads is not yet damaged, thus releasing the parts of said first adhesive bead closely fitting said heatable separat-ing member, applying said first adhesive bead to one of said first and second elements to be fixed to each other, curing said first adhesive bead equipped with or closely contacting said heatable separating member, applying a second adhesive bead onto said first adhesive bead, and pressing the other one of said two elements to said second adhesive bead.
21. A method according to claim 18 in which said heat-able separating member is applied to one of said elements to be fixed to each other, and in which, thereafter, said adhesive bead is applied onto said heatable separating member.
22. A method according to claim 19 in which said heat-able separating member is applied to one of said elements to be fixed to each other, and in which, thereafter, said one of said adhesive beads is applied onto said heatable separating member.
23. A method according to claim 20 in which said heat-able separating member is applied to one of said elements to be fixed to each other, and in which, thereafter, said first ad-hesive bead is applied onto said heatable separating member.
24. A method according to claim 18 in which said heat-able separating member is embedded in said adhesive bead prior to applying said adhesive bead to one of said first and second elements to be fixed to each other.
25. A method according to claim 19 in which said heat-able separating member is embedded in said one of said adhesive beads prior to applying said plurality of adhesive beads to one of said first and second elements to be fixed to each other.
26. A method according to claim 20 in which said heat-able separating member is embedded in said first adhesive bead prior to applying said first adhesive beads to one of said first and second elements to be fixed to each other.
27. A method according to claim 18, 19 or 20 in which said embedding of said heatable separating member into the ad-hesive bead is performed by coextrusion of the adhesive bead and the heatable separating member.
28. A method according to claim 18, 19 or 20 in which said heatable separating element has the shape of a flat body member.
29. A method according to claim 28 in which said heat-able separating element is constituted by a thermoplastic layer.
30. A method according to claim 28 in which said heat-able separating element is constituted by a foil made of ther-moplastic material.
31. A method according to claim 30 in which said heat-able separating element is made of a material selected from the group consisting of:
polyolefines, particularly polyethylene, atactic poly-propylene, polybutene and the copolymers thereof;
ethylene-vinylacetate copolymers;
ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers;
ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymers and corresponding metal salts;
grafted and/or segmented ethylene vinylacetate copoly-mers;
thermoplastic polyurethanes;
saturated polyesters and copolyesters;
polyamides and copolyamides;
polyacrylates and polymethacrylates; and triblock and biblock copolymers, particularly copolymers consisting of polyamide, polyester and/or polyether blocks, and of polystyrene, polybutadiene and polyisobutylene blocks.
polyolefines, particularly polyethylene, atactic poly-propylene, polybutene and the copolymers thereof;
ethylene-vinylacetate copolymers;
ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers;
ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymers and corresponding metal salts;
grafted and/or segmented ethylene vinylacetate copoly-mers;
thermoplastic polyurethanes;
saturated polyesters and copolyesters;
polyamides and copolyamides;
polyacrylates and polymethacrylates; and triblock and biblock copolymers, particularly copolymers consisting of polyamide, polyester and/or polyether blocks, and of polystyrene, polybutadiene and polyisobutylene blocks.
32. A method according to claim 29 in which said ther-moplastic layer is electrically conducting.
33. A method according to claim 32 in which said ther-moplastic layer comprises electrically conducting additives se-lected from the group comprising:
polymers having intrinsic conductivity;
electrically conductive carbon black;
graphite;
metallic powder, metallic fibres, metallic needles, particularly made of aluminum, copper, silver or tungsten;
fillers coated with metal, particularly coated with aluminum, copper, silver or tungsten;
metal coated micro balls and metal coated textile fibres; and mixtures of these materials.
polymers having intrinsic conductivity;
electrically conductive carbon black;
graphite;
metallic powder, metallic fibres, metallic needles, particularly made of aluminum, copper, silver or tungsten;
fillers coated with metal, particularly coated with aluminum, copper, silver or tungsten;
metal coated micro balls and metal coated textile fibres; and mixtures of these materials.
34. A method according to claim 33 in which said poly-mers having intrinsic conductivity are selected from the group consisting of polyaniline and a blend of polyaniline and poly-vinyl chloride.
35. A method according to claim 33 in which said metal coated fillers are selected from the group comprising metal coated micro glass balls and metal coated textile fibres.
36. A method according to claim 35 in which said metal coated textile fibres are metal coated polyacrylonitrile fibres.
37. A method according to claim 18, 19 or 20 in which said heatable separating member is a foil which can be heated by means of high frequency radiation.
38. A method according to claim 18, 19 or 20 in which said heatable separating member is a foil which can be heated by means of micro wave radiation.
39. A method according to claim 18, 19 or 20 in which said heatable separating member is a foil which can be heated by means of infrared radiation.
40. A method for establishing a releasable adhesive joint between two elements, said method comprising the steps of providing a first heatable adhesive bead serving as a heatable separating member and a second adhesive bead, said first heat-able bead loosing the adhesion to the closely fitting elements or parts of the adhesive joint or being destroyed upon heating said heatable first adhesive bead to a temperature at which said second adhesive beads is not yet damaged, thus releasing said second adhesive bead closely fitting said first adhesive bead, applying said first adhesive bead to one of said first and second elements to be fixed to each other, curing said first adhesive bead, applying said second adhesive bead onto said first adhesive bead, and pressing the other one of said two elements to said second adhesive bead.
41. An apparatus for releasing a releasable adhesive joint according to claim 14, said apparatus comprising a high frequency radiation source for heating said separating member.
42. An apparatus for releasing a releasable adhesive joint according to claim 15, said apparatus comprising a micro wave radiation source for heating said separating member.
43. An apparatus for releasing a releasable adhesive joint according to claim 16, said apparatus comprising an in-frared radiation source for heating said separating member.
44. An apparatus for releasing a releasable adhesive joint according to claim 43 in which said infrared radiation source is an infrared laser means.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH1968/91-1 | 1991-07-03 | ||
| CH196891 | 1991-07-03 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2073092A1 true CA2073092A1 (en) | 1993-01-04 |
Family
ID=4222825
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002073092A Abandoned CA2073092A1 (en) | 1991-07-03 | 1992-07-03 | Releasable adhesive joint, a method for establishing a releasable adhesive joint and an apparatus for releasing such adhesive joints |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0521825B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH05201246A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR930002263A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE141222T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU1935692A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2073092A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59206897D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2093236T3 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX9203907A (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA924911B (en) |
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| WO1996017737A1 (en) * | 1994-12-07 | 1996-06-13 | Belron International N.V. | Releasing of bonded screens |
| US6284360B1 (en) | 1997-09-30 | 2001-09-04 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Sealant composition, article including same, and method of using same |
| US6316099B1 (en) | 1999-03-31 | 2001-11-13 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Multi-layered sealant |
| US6770838B1 (en) | 1994-12-07 | 2004-08-03 | Carglass Luxenbourg Sarl-Zug Branch | Releasing of glazing panels |
| US6833525B1 (en) | 1996-08-13 | 2004-12-21 | Carglass Luxembourg Sarl-Zug Branch | Releasing of glazing panels |
| US7273580B2 (en) | 2000-08-03 | 2007-09-25 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien (Henkel Kgaa) | Ferromagnetic resonance excitation and its use for heating substrates that are filled with particles |
| WO2020069829A1 (en) * | 2018-10-05 | 2020-04-09 | Asml Holding N.V. | Method for internal heating of epoxy bonds |
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| GB2340528B (en) * | 1998-08-11 | 2003-06-04 | Belron Internat Nv | Releasing of glazing panels |
| DE19503314C1 (en) * | 1995-02-02 | 1996-06-20 | Sekurit Saint Gobain Deutsch | Glass screen, esp. for use in motor vehicles |
| DE19537436C2 (en) * | 1995-10-07 | 2002-01-31 | Sekurit Saint Gobain Deutsch | Glass pane pre-equipped for adhesive attachment, especially for vehicles |
| DE19538939A1 (en) * | 1995-10-19 | 1997-04-24 | Saar Gummiwerk Gmbh | Conventional direct glazing |
| DE19651733A1 (en) * | 1996-12-12 | 1998-06-18 | Metzeler Automotive Profiles | Heated rubber body |
| FR2757804B1 (en) * | 1996-12-30 | 1999-01-22 | Saint Gobain Vitrage | GLASS EQUIPPED WITH A PLASTIC FRAME, PARTS AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
| DE19822044A1 (en) * | 1998-05-16 | 2000-01-13 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Adhesive connection |
| DE19924138A1 (en) | 1999-05-26 | 2000-11-30 | Henkel Kgaa | Detachable adhesive connections |
| US7371300B2 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 2008-05-13 | De-Bonding Limited | Adhesive composition comprising thermoexpandable microcapsules |
| GB9912694D0 (en) * | 1999-06-02 | 1999-08-04 | Bain Peter S | Adhesive |
| US7332218B1 (en) * | 1999-07-14 | 2008-02-19 | Eic Laboratories, Inc. | Electrically disbonding materials |
| DE19943013A1 (en) * | 1999-09-09 | 2001-08-09 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Method and device for releasing glued panes, in particular vehicle panes |
| DE19951599A1 (en) | 1999-10-27 | 2001-05-23 | Henkel Kgaa | Process for adhesive separation of adhesive bonds |
| DE19961940A1 (en) | 1999-12-22 | 2001-08-02 | Henkel Kgaa | Detachable adhesive connections |
| GB0003425D0 (en) * | 2000-02-16 | 2000-04-05 | Adshead Ratcliffe And Company | Sealant |
| US6846779B1 (en) | 2000-03-24 | 2005-01-25 | Omnitechnik Mikroverkapselungsgesellschaft Mbh | Coating compositions having antiseize properties for a disassemblable socket/pin and/or threaded connections |
| DE10022773A1 (en) * | 2000-05-10 | 2001-11-22 | Advanced Photonics Tech Ag | System for disassembling car, ship or aircraft bodywork or frames, comprises irradiating area where adhesive is positioned between components with near infra-red radiation until adhesive is decomposed |
| DE10037884A1 (en) | 2000-08-03 | 2002-02-21 | Henkel Kgaa | Accelerated curing process |
| WO2002016721A1 (en) * | 2000-08-25 | 2002-02-28 | Asahi Glass Company, Limited | Bonding structure of vehicle window pane and method of removing vehicle window pane from bonded body |
| DE60122078T8 (en) * | 2000-09-25 | 2010-04-22 | Toyo Boseki Kabushiki Kaisha | Adhesive resin compositions and methods of separating articles bonded by these compositions |
| DE10056322A1 (en) * | 2000-11-14 | 2003-01-02 | Volkswagen Ag | Breaking an adhesive connection, e.g. between a windscreen and its surrounding frame, comprises using an infra-red source to thermolytically destroy the adhesive bond |
| DE10137713B4 (en) * | 2001-08-06 | 2006-06-29 | Eads Deutschland Gmbh | Method for producing an adhesive bond |
| US20040249042A1 (en) * | 2003-06-09 | 2004-12-09 | Motorola, Inc. | Microwave removable coating |
| JPWO2005071035A1 (en) * | 2004-01-26 | 2007-09-06 | 株式会社御池鐵工所 | Adhered member and peeling method thereof |
| DE102005026815B4 (en) * | 2005-06-09 | 2008-11-27 | Ortwin Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hahn | Adhesive bond and manufacturing method thereto |
| KR100753674B1 (en) * | 2006-01-24 | 2007-08-31 | 대한민국 | The preparing method of live vaccine using diluent added gel or gel adsorbed with immunostimulants |
| DE102011087656B4 (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2022-09-22 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method of removing a pane bonded to a frame |
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| DE102020203973A1 (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2021-09-30 | Contitech Ag | Artificial leather and a method for separating the textile carrier of the same |
| US20220193777A1 (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2022-06-23 | Divergent Technologies, Inc. | Thermal elements for disassembly of node-based adhesively bonded structures |
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Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0081426A1 (en) * | 1981-12-04 | 1983-06-15 | Boussois S.A. | Thermoplastic strip for securing a glass sheet, process for securing it and conducting layer used therefor |
| FR2547345B1 (en) * | 1983-06-10 | 1986-11-14 | Boussois Sa | GLAZING READY FOR INSTALLATION IN PARTICULAR FOR AUTOMOTIVE |
| FR2608669A1 (en) * | 1986-12-19 | 1988-06-24 | Boussois Sa | GLAZING READY TO BE INSTALLED AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING AND FIXING THE SAME |
| EP0312496B1 (en) * | 1987-10-14 | 1990-10-10 | Gurit-Essex AG | Vehicle window for direct glazing, method of its manufacture and its use as ready-to-mount unit |
| CH676345A5 (en) * | 1988-07-15 | 1991-01-15 | Gurit Essex Ag |
-
1992
- 1992-06-25 ES ES92810487T patent/ES2093236T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-06-25 AT AT92810487T patent/ATE141222T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-06-25 DE DE59206897T patent/DE59206897D1/en not_active Revoked
- 1992-06-25 EP EP92810487A patent/EP0521825B1/en not_active Revoked
- 1992-06-30 AU AU19356/92A patent/AU1935692A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-07-02 KR KR1019920011727A patent/KR930002263A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-07-02 ZA ZA924911A patent/ZA924911B/en unknown
- 1992-07-02 MX MX9203907A patent/MX9203907A/en unknown
- 1992-07-03 CA CA002073092A patent/CA2073092A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-07-03 JP JP4176837A patent/JPH05201246A/en active Pending
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MD1879G2 (en) * | 1994-12-07 | 2002-10-31 | Карглас Люксембург Сарл-Зуг Бран0 | Process for releasing the window glass of a vehicle or an architectural structure from the bed frame, device for realization thereof and process for substitution of the window glass of a vehicle or an architectural structure in the bed frame |
| GB2311479A (en) * | 1994-12-07 | 1997-10-01 | Belron Int Nv | Releasing of bonded screens |
| GB2311479B (en) * | 1994-12-07 | 1998-03-18 | Belron Int Nv | Releasing of bonded window panes |
| US6770838B1 (en) | 1994-12-07 | 2004-08-03 | Carglass Luxenbourg Sarl-Zug Branch | Releasing of glazing panels |
| US6558493B1 (en) * | 1994-12-07 | 2003-05-06 | Carglass Luxembourg Sarl-Zug Branch | Releasing of bonded screens |
| WO1996017737A1 (en) * | 1994-12-07 | 1996-06-13 | Belron International N.V. | Releasing of bonded screens |
| US6833525B1 (en) | 1996-08-13 | 2004-12-21 | Carglass Luxembourg Sarl-Zug Branch | Releasing of glazing panels |
| US6406782B2 (en) | 1997-09-30 | 2002-06-18 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Sealant composition, article including same, and method of using same |
| US6372827B2 (en) | 1997-09-30 | 2002-04-16 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Sealant composition, article including same, and method of using same |
| US6284360B1 (en) | 1997-09-30 | 2001-09-04 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Sealant composition, article including same, and method of using same |
| US6740399B1 (en) | 1999-03-31 | 2004-05-25 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Multi-layered sealant |
| US6316099B1 (en) | 1999-03-31 | 2001-11-13 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Multi-layered sealant |
| US7273580B2 (en) | 2000-08-03 | 2007-09-25 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien (Henkel Kgaa) | Ferromagnetic resonance excitation and its use for heating substrates that are filled with particles |
| WO2020069829A1 (en) * | 2018-10-05 | 2020-04-09 | Asml Holding N.V. | Method for internal heating of epoxy bonds |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MX9203907A (en) | 1993-01-01 |
| ES2093236T3 (en) | 1996-12-16 |
| EP0521825A3 (en) | 1993-05-12 |
| DE59206897D1 (en) | 1996-09-19 |
| JPH05201246A (en) | 1993-08-10 |
| KR930002263A (en) | 1993-02-22 |
| AU1935692A (en) | 1993-01-07 |
| ATE141222T1 (en) | 1996-08-15 |
| EP0521825A2 (en) | 1993-01-07 |
| ZA924911B (en) | 1993-04-28 |
| EP0521825B1 (en) | 1996-08-14 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |