CA2031522A1 - Irradiation of blood products - Google Patents
Irradiation of blood productsInfo
- Publication number
- CA2031522A1 CA2031522A1 CA2031522A CA2031522A CA2031522A1 CA 2031522 A1 CA2031522 A1 CA 2031522A1 CA 2031522 A CA2031522 A CA 2031522A CA 2031522 A CA2031522 A CA 2031522A CA 2031522 A1 CA2031522 A1 CA 2031522A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- ultraviolet radiation
- blood cells
- white blood
- flat
- per square
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000010836 blood and blood product Substances 0.000 title 1
- 229940125691 blood product Drugs 0.000 title 1
- 210000000265 leukocyte Anatomy 0.000 abstract 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract 3
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008105 immune reaction Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- -1 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003634 thrombocyte concentrate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3681—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits by irradiation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/0005—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor for pharmaceuticals, biologicals or living parts
- A61L2/0011—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor for pharmaceuticals, biologicals or living parts using physical methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/0005—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor for pharmaceuticals, biologicals or living parts
- A61L2/0011—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor for pharmaceuticals, biologicals or living parts using physical methods
- A61L2/0029—Radiation
- A61L2/0047—Ultraviolet radiation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3616—Batch-type treatment
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/05—General characteristics of the apparatus combined with other kinds of therapy
- A61M2205/051—General characteristics of the apparatus combined with other kinds of therapy with radiation therapy
- A61M2205/053—General characteristics of the apparatus combined with other kinds of therapy with radiation therapy ultraviolet
Abstract
A thin film (10) or layer (10) of white blood cells, such as the contaminating white cells in a platelet concentrate, is irradiated with ultraviolet radiation predominantely of a wavelength of 280 to 320 nanometers, and preferably at an intensity of 4 to 20 milliwatts per square cm. to provide a total energy exposure of typically 800 to 20,000 millijoules per square cm. of ultraviolet radiation. The white blood cells so processed substantially lose their capability to set off an immune reaction in an alloimmunized patient. The white blood cells may preferably be placed into such film in a flat (10), flexible bag (10) made of poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) plastic, with the flat (10), flexible bag (10) being stretched in a direction normal to the path of ultraviolet radiation. Novel irradiating devices (40) are also disclosed.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US7/346,202 | 1989-05-02 | ||
US07/346,202 US4952812A (en) | 1986-08-26 | 1989-05-02 | Irradiation of blood products |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2031522A1 true CA2031522A1 (en) | 1990-11-03 |
CA2031522C CA2031522C (en) | 1998-08-25 |
Family
ID=23358385
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA002031522A Expired - Lifetime CA2031522C (en) | 1989-05-02 | 1990-01-17 | Irradiation of blood products |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4952812A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0425593B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2920327B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2031522C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69008664T2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1990013334A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (79)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5503721A (en) * | 1991-07-18 | 1996-04-02 | Hri Research, Inc. | Method for photoactivation |
US6187572B1 (en) | 1990-04-16 | 2001-02-13 | Baxter International Inc. | Method of inactivation of viral and bacterial blood contaminants |
US5418130A (en) * | 1990-04-16 | 1995-05-23 | Cryopharm Corporation | Method of inactivation of viral and bacterial blood contaminants |
US5144146A (en) * | 1990-07-06 | 1992-09-01 | Ultraviolet Energy Generators, Inc. | Method for destruction of toxic substances with ultraviolet radiation |
JP2889673B2 (en) * | 1990-09-13 | 1999-05-10 | ウシオ電機株式会社 | Artificial nail creation device |
WO1992019284A1 (en) * | 1991-05-08 | 1992-11-12 | Baxter International Inc. | Container for irradiation of blood products |
US5144144A (en) * | 1991-07-19 | 1992-09-01 | American Vision, Inc. | Contact lens cleaning and disinfecting system |
US5225172A (en) * | 1991-10-28 | 1993-07-06 | Mark Meyler | System for resterilization |
US6433343B1 (en) * | 1992-03-02 | 2002-08-13 | Cerus Corporation | Device and method for photoactivation |
EP0660665B1 (en) * | 1993-07-12 | 1999-05-06 | Baxter International Inc. | Apparatus and method for inactivating viral contaminants in body fluids |
US5459322A (en) * | 1993-12-14 | 1995-10-17 | Therakos, Inc. | Ultraviolet light chamber |
US5527704A (en) | 1994-12-06 | 1996-06-18 | Baxter International Inc. | Apparatus and method for inactivating viral contaminants in body fluids |
US5514106A (en) * | 1994-12-20 | 1996-05-07 | Baxter International Inc. | Bag including an identification system indicative of treatment of the bag |
US6158319A (en) * | 1994-12-20 | 2000-12-12 | Baxter International Inc. | System to identify the status of bags that have been subjected to viral inactivation |
US5557098A (en) * | 1994-12-20 | 1996-09-17 | Baxter International Inc. | System to identify bags disinfected by irradiation which punches holes in a polarized portion of the bag to indicate processing thereof |
CN1121217C (en) * | 1996-03-29 | 2003-09-17 | 特拉科斯有限公司 | Photopheresis treatment of leukocytes |
CN1215305A (en) | 1996-04-09 | 1999-04-28 | 特拉科斯有限公司 | Method for removal of psoralens from biological fluids |
US6083387A (en) * | 1996-06-20 | 2000-07-04 | Burnham Technologies Ltd. | Apparatus for the disinfection of fluids |
US5997812A (en) * | 1996-06-20 | 1999-12-07 | Coolant Treatment Systems, L.L.C. | Methods and apparatus for the application of combined fields to disinfect fluids |
US6190609B1 (en) | 1996-11-19 | 2001-02-20 | Baxter International Inc. | Methods and apparatus for inactivating contaminants in biological fluid |
US5922278A (en) * | 1996-11-19 | 1999-07-13 | Baxter International Inc. | Method and apparatus for inactivating contaminants in biological fluid |
EP1400253B1 (en) * | 1996-11-22 | 2007-01-03 | Therakos, Inc. | Blood product irradiation device incorporating agitation |
US5951509A (en) * | 1996-11-22 | 1999-09-14 | Therakos, Inc. | Blood product irradiation device incorporating agitation |
DE69731308T2 (en) | 1996-11-22 | 2005-11-17 | Therakos, Inc. | BLOOD RADIATOR WITH RUDDLE MOVEMENT |
EP0994743B1 (en) * | 1997-07-10 | 2006-05-31 | Therakos, Inc. | Treatment of inflammatory disorders of the bowel or urinary bladder |
AU2879899A (en) | 1998-02-26 | 1999-09-15 | Hemasure, Inc. | Method and apparatus for irradiating a biological fluid |
US6596275B1 (en) | 1998-03-30 | 2003-07-22 | I.D.M. Immuno-Designed Molecules | Monocyte derived cells with immunosuppressive properties, process for their preparation and their uses in pharmaceutical compositions |
US20030215784A1 (en) * | 1998-07-21 | 2003-11-20 | Dumont Larry Joe | Method and apparatus for inactivation of biological contaminants using photosensitizers |
US6258577B1 (en) | 1998-07-21 | 2001-07-10 | Gambro, Inc. | Method and apparatus for inactivation of biological contaminants using endogenous alloxazine or isoalloxazine photosensitizers |
US6278122B1 (en) * | 1999-02-23 | 2001-08-21 | Joseph Ernest Patrick Gagnon | Keyboard and mouse sterilizing device |
US7879288B2 (en) * | 1999-03-01 | 2011-02-01 | Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. | Method and apparatus of sterilization using monochromatic UV radiation source |
US7025877B1 (en) * | 1999-06-03 | 2006-04-11 | Baxter International Inc. | Processing set for processing and treating a biological fluid |
US7445756B2 (en) * | 1999-06-03 | 2008-11-04 | Fenwal, Inc. | Fluid processing sets and organizers for the same |
US6565802B1 (en) * | 1999-06-03 | 2003-05-20 | Baxter International Inc. | Apparatus, systems and methods for processing and treating a biological fluid with light |
US7068361B2 (en) * | 1999-06-03 | 2006-06-27 | Baxter International | Apparatus, systems and methods for processing and treating a biological fluid with light |
US6219584B1 (en) | 1999-07-09 | 2001-04-17 | Therakos, Inc. | Method and system for determining an effective amount of light energy to delivery to fluids having targets for the light energy |
US7094378B1 (en) | 2000-06-15 | 2006-08-22 | Gambro, Inc. | Method and apparatus for inactivation of biological contaminants using photosensitizers |
US6495366B1 (en) * | 1999-09-03 | 2002-12-17 | Therakos, Inc. | Uninterrupted flow pump apparatus and method |
US8722422B2 (en) | 1999-09-03 | 2014-05-13 | Therakos, Inc. | Uninterrupted flow pump apparatus and method |
US6268120B1 (en) | 1999-10-19 | 2001-07-31 | Gambro, Inc. | Isoalloxazine derivatives to neutralize biological contaminants |
US6793643B1 (en) | 2000-04-21 | 2004-09-21 | Therakos, Inc. | Low extracorporeal volume treatment system |
US7985588B2 (en) | 2000-06-02 | 2011-07-26 | Caridianbct Biotechnologies, Llc | Induction of and maintenance of nucleic acid damage in pathogens using riboflavin and light |
US7648699B2 (en) | 2000-06-02 | 2010-01-19 | Caridianbct Biotechnologies, Llc | Preventing transfusion related complications in a recipient of a blood transfusion |
TW590780B (en) | 2000-06-02 | 2004-06-11 | Gambro Inc | Additive solutions containing riboflavin |
US9044523B2 (en) | 2000-06-15 | 2015-06-02 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Reduction of contaminants in blood and blood products using photosensitizers and peak wavelengths of light |
US6843961B2 (en) | 2000-06-15 | 2005-01-18 | Gambro, Inc. | Reduction of contaminants in blood and blood products using photosensitizers and peak wavelengths of light |
US20020176796A1 (en) * | 2000-06-20 | 2002-11-28 | Purepulse Technologies, Inc. | Inactivation of microbes in biological fluids |
US7381976B2 (en) * | 2001-03-13 | 2008-06-03 | Triton Thalassic Technologies, Inc. | Monochromatic fluid treatment systems |
US20030060747A1 (en) * | 2001-05-17 | 2003-03-27 | Fries William M. | Fluid flow path for a fluid treatment system using light for the decontamination of fluid products |
US20030030011A1 (en) * | 2001-05-17 | 2003-02-13 | Purepulse Technologies, Inc. | Light treatment control in a fluid treatment system using light for the treatment of fluid products |
US6753536B2 (en) * | 2001-11-28 | 2004-06-22 | Wesley G. Humphreys | Apparatus for neutralizing chemical and biological threats |
US7077559B2 (en) * | 2002-04-26 | 2006-07-18 | Gambro, Inc. | Container or bag mixing apparatuses and/or methods |
US20040186412A1 (en) * | 2003-03-17 | 2004-09-23 | Mallett Scott R. | Extracorporeal blood treatment system using ultraviolet light and filters |
US7207964B2 (en) * | 2003-03-17 | 2007-04-24 | Hemavation, Llc | Apparatus and method for down-regulating immune system mediators in blood |
US20070102858A1 (en) * | 2005-11-07 | 2007-05-10 | Navigant Biotechnologies, Inc. | Clamps and methods for displacing fluid from portions of fluid containers |
DE102005062634A1 (en) * | 2005-12-23 | 2007-06-28 | Blutspendedienst der Landesverbände des Deutschen Roten Kreuzes Niedersachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen, Oldenburg und Bremen gGmbH | Method for inactivation of pathogens, e.g. bacteria and viruses in donor blood, blood plasma and erythrocyte concentrations, involves filling exposure bag with supplement to less than thirty percent volume of maximum volume of exposure bag |
DE102005062410A1 (en) | 2005-12-23 | 2007-08-09 | Forschungsgemeinschaft Der Drk-Blutspendedienste E.V. | Method for irradiating platelet concentrates in flexible containers with ultraviolet light |
US20090274576A1 (en) * | 2006-01-18 | 2009-11-05 | Barry Ressler | System and method for container sterilization using UV light source |
EP1902740A1 (en) * | 2006-09-19 | 2008-03-26 | Maco Pharma S.A. | Blood bag system and process for the inactivation of pathogens in platelet concentrates by use of the blood bag system |
EP2008669A1 (en) * | 2007-06-22 | 2008-12-31 | Maco Pharma S.A. | Irradiation apparatus for inactivating pathogens and/or leukocytes in a biological fluid and process |
JP5008103B2 (en) * | 2007-07-02 | 2012-08-22 | テルモ ビーシーティー バイオテクノロジーズ,エルエルシー | Device for photoreducing pollutants in blood and blood products using measuring means |
US8197087B2 (en) * | 2007-07-05 | 2012-06-12 | Baxter International Inc. | Peritoneal dialysis patient connection system using ultraviolet light emitting diodes |
US8764702B2 (en) * | 2007-07-05 | 2014-07-01 | Baxter International Inc. | Dialysis system having dual patient line connection and prime |
US7955295B2 (en) | 2007-07-05 | 2011-06-07 | Baxter International Inc. | Fluid delivery system with autoconnect features |
US7736328B2 (en) | 2007-07-05 | 2010-06-15 | Baxter International Inc. | Dialysis system having supply container autoconnection |
US8496609B2 (en) | 2007-07-05 | 2013-07-30 | Baxter International Inc. | Fluid delivery system with spiked cassette |
US8157761B2 (en) | 2007-07-05 | 2012-04-17 | Baxter International Inc. | Peritoneal dialysis patient connection system |
WO2009149020A1 (en) * | 2008-06-04 | 2009-12-10 | Triton Thalassic Technologies, Inc. | Methods, systems and apparatus for monochromatic uv light sterilization |
US9044544B2 (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2015-06-02 | Baxter International Inc. | Dialysis machine having auto-connection system with roller occluder |
US20100282980A1 (en) * | 2009-05-11 | 2010-11-11 | Caridianbct Biotechnologies, Llc | Stable Calibration Means for Apparatus for Photo Reduction of Contaminants in Blood |
WO2013106605A1 (en) | 2012-01-11 | 2013-07-18 | Terumo Bct Biotechnologies, Llc | Slidable clamp for port isolation |
CN103056138A (en) * | 2013-01-17 | 2013-04-24 | 衡阳鑫山机械设备制造有限公司 | Washing and sterilizing machine of automatic blood plasma bag washing, sterilizing and breaking equipment |
KR101488426B1 (en) | 2013-07-29 | 2015-02-03 | 주식회사 세종파마텍 | A frame for device of making a tablet |
EP3325040A1 (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2018-05-30 | Terumo BCT Biotechnologies, LLC | Flow-through pathogen reduction |
DE102016212608B3 (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2018-01-11 | B Medical Systems S.à r.l. | Agitator unit for use with a blood product storage system and blood product storage system |
EP3829668A2 (en) | 2018-07-27 | 2021-06-09 | Terumo BCT Biotechnologies, LLC | Fluid flow-through |
DE102020205036B4 (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2022-08-11 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Device and method for generating a liquid film of a liquid medium in a film bag, and arrangement for the controlled exposure of a liquid medium in a film bag to physical radiation |
US11426477B2 (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2022-08-30 | Amplify Solutions, Inc. | Systems and methods for UV decontamination of respirators |
CN111790042B (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2022-02-08 | 季海振 | Placing frame for balloon catheter in cardiology department |
Family Cites Families (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2001555A (en) * | 1934-03-15 | 1935-05-14 | Hanovia Chemical & Mfg Co | Device for the irradiation of milk with ultraviolet rays |
CH583063A5 (en) * | 1974-12-23 | 1976-12-31 | Sulzer Ag | |
US4398906A (en) * | 1979-12-11 | 1983-08-16 | Frederic A. Bourke, Jr. | Method for externally treating the blood |
US4448750A (en) * | 1981-06-05 | 1984-05-15 | Fuesting Michael L | Sterilization method |
US4612007A (en) * | 1981-06-16 | 1986-09-16 | Edelson Richard Leslie | Method and system for externally treating the blood |
US4433244A (en) * | 1982-03-19 | 1984-02-21 | Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Inc. | Apparatus for irradiating tubing connections |
US4487870A (en) * | 1982-12-27 | 1984-12-11 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | UV Stabilizer system and UV stabilized polyolefins |
US4820805A (en) * | 1983-07-14 | 1989-04-11 | New York Blood Center, Inc. | Undenatured virus-free trialkyl phosphate treated biologically active protein derivatives |
US4540573A (en) * | 1983-07-14 | 1985-09-10 | New York Blood Center, Inc. | Undenatured virus-free biologically active protein derivatives |
US4764369A (en) * | 1983-07-14 | 1988-08-16 | New York Blood Center Inc. | Undenatured virus-free biologically active protein derivatives |
US4590124A (en) * | 1984-05-10 | 1986-05-20 | W. R. Grace & Co., Cryovac Div. | Storm window film |
US4708715A (en) * | 1984-10-29 | 1987-11-24 | Mcneilab, Inc. | Light array assembly for photoactivation patient treatment system |
US4705498A (en) * | 1984-10-29 | 1987-11-10 | Mcneilab, Inc. | Disposable temperature probe for photoactivation patient treatment system |
US4737140A (en) * | 1984-10-29 | 1988-04-12 | Mcneilab, Inc. | Irradiation chamber for photoactivation patient treatment system |
US4613501A (en) * | 1984-12-21 | 1986-09-23 | New York Blood Center, Inc. | Inactivation of viruses in labile blood derivatives |
US4608255A (en) * | 1985-01-31 | 1986-08-26 | American National Red Cross | Biocompatible method for in situ production of functional platelets and product produced thereby lacking immunogenicity |
US4726949A (en) * | 1986-08-26 | 1988-02-23 | Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Inc. | Irradiation of blood products |
US4801427A (en) * | 1987-02-25 | 1989-01-31 | Adir Jacob | Process and apparatus for dry sterilization of medical devices and materials |
US4878891A (en) * | 1987-06-25 | 1989-11-07 | Baylor Research Foundation | Method for eradicating infectious biological contaminants in body tissues |
-
1989
- 1989-05-02 US US07/346,202 patent/US4952812A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1990
- 1990-01-17 DE DE69008664T patent/DE69008664T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-01-17 CA CA002031522A patent/CA2031522C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-01-17 JP JP2502464A patent/JP2920327B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-01-17 WO PCT/US1990/000214 patent/WO1990013334A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1990-01-17 EP EP90902436A patent/EP0425593B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0425593A4 (en) | 1991-12-04 |
WO1990013334A1 (en) | 1990-11-15 |
DE69008664T2 (en) | 1994-12-15 |
US4952812A (en) | 1990-08-28 |
EP0425593A1 (en) | 1991-05-08 |
EP0425593B1 (en) | 1994-05-04 |
JP2920327B2 (en) | 1999-07-19 |
CA2031522C (en) | 1998-08-25 |
DE69008664D1 (en) | 1994-06-09 |
JPH03505833A (en) | 1991-12-19 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
EEER | Examination request | ||
MKEX | Expiry |