CA1319955C - System for interfacing an alarm reporting device with a cellular radio transceiver - Google Patents
System for interfacing an alarm reporting device with a cellular radio transceiverInfo
- Publication number
- CA1319955C CA1319955C CA000585279A CA585279A CA1319955C CA 1319955 C CA1319955 C CA 1319955C CA 000585279 A CA000585279 A CA 000585279A CA 585279 A CA585279 A CA 585279A CA 1319955 C CA1319955 C CA 1319955C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- radio transceiver
- alarm reporting
- reporting device
- alarm
- signal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M11/00—Telephonic communication systems specially adapted for combination with other electrical systems
- H04M11/04—Telephonic communication systems specially adapted for combination with other electrical systems with alarm systems, e.g. fire, police or burglar alarm systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
- G08B25/009—Signalling of the alarm condition to a substation whose identity is signalled to a central station, e.g. relaying alarm signals in order to extend communication range
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
- G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
- G08B25/08—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using communication transmission lines
Abstract
Abstract of the Disclosure A system for interfacing an alarm reporting unit with a cellular radio transceiver so that the data which is produced by the alarm reporting unit is effectively matched to the radio transceiver, irrespective of its initial format, includes cir-cuitry for matching the format of the alarm reporting unit to that of the cellular radio transceiver, and circuitry for matching the format of the cellular radio transceiver to that of the alarm reporting unit, to permit interactive communications which assure the reliable transmission of data while allowing suitable acknowledgement signals to be returned to the alarm reporting unit to regulate the effective transmission of data within the system, and isolation circuitry to effectively separate the alarm reporting unit from the cellular radio transceiver so that the alarm reporting unit can communicate with a monitoring facility via the cellular radio transceiver, as well as the wired telephone network. This further enables the data being produced to be simultaneously applied to the cellular radio transceiver as well as other communicating media which may be employed for purposes of redundancy.
Description
13199~
The present invention relates generally to alarm reporting systems, and in particular, to an alarm reporting system which makes use of a cellular radio transceiver to establish communications between a remote location and a central monitoring facility.
In an effort to satisfy the ever-increasing need for the remote monitoring of various premises, including both business and home applications, a variety of security systems have been developed to establish effective communications between a remotely located alarm monitoring device and a central monitoring facility. Many of these systems are generally described in my U.S. Patent No. 4,868,859 entitled ~Supervised, Interactive Alarm Reporting System".
Described are both relatively simple, as well as more comprehensive systems for establishing communications between the remote location to be monitored and the central monitoring facility. In each case, means are provided for alerting the central monitoring facility when an alarm condition is indicated (for the simpler configurations) or verified (for the more comprehensive systems). However, heightened reliability is achieved in accordance with the invention described in my earlier U.S. Patent No. 4,868,859 by providing an alarm reporting system which has a local terminal comprised of a supervised derived channel communicator, and a one-way radio communicator, interconnected by a control unit which provides for interactive operation of the derived channel unit and the radio transmitter according to the alarm conditions which may arise at the premises, and the e~isting condition of the " 13~99~.~
equipment comprising the local terminal. Such an alarm reporting system has been found to be particularly useful in effectively and reliably advising a central monitoring facility of a potential alarm condition irrespective of conditions at the remote location, or efforts to tamper with the alarm reporting system.
Irrespective of the system which is used, once it is ~etermined that a potential alarm condition exists and that the s stem is to be exercised to advise the central monitoring facility of this potential alarm condition, steps must be taken to make sure that data developed at the remote location is effectively transmitted to the central monitoring facility to make sure that the potential alarm condition is correctly reported.
Generally, alarm data is developed within a control panel which receives data from one or more sensors positioned throughout the remote premises which is being monitored, and which interprets the data which is received to determine the occurrence of an alarm condition. If an alarm condition is detected, a digital communicator is operated to send an appropriate message to the remote monitoring facility.
Traditionally, wired communications or dedicated radio communications have been used to interconnect the control panel and the remote monitoring facility. However, with the increased availability of cellular radio communications, and _ 3 _ i3199~5 the advent of more comprehensive alarm reporting systems which advantageously use such radio communications, it remained to develop a system for assuring effective communications between a remote location and a central monitoring facility irrespective of the particular communicating medium being employed.
The present invention provides an effective means for establishing reliable communications between an alarm reporting system stationed at a remote location and a central monitoring facility.
The invention provides a system for interfacing an alarm reporting unit with a cellular radio transceiver so that the data which is produced by the alarm reporting unit is effectively matched to the radio transceiver, irrespective of its initial format. Preferably, this is accomplished in a way which permits the data being produced to be applied to the cellular radio transceiver or other communicating media (primarily land based, wired communications) which maybe employed for purposes of redundancy.
Such a system basically includes means for matching the format of the alarm reporting unit to that of the cellular radio transreceiver, and means for matching the format of the cellular radio transceiver to that of the alarm reporting unit. This permits interactive communications which assure the - 4 _ 13~99`~
reliable transmission of data to the central monitoring facility, while allowing suitable acknowledgment signals to be returned to the alarm reporting unit to regulate the effective transmission of data within the system. Isolation circuitry is provided to effectively separate the alarm reporting unit from the cellular radio transceiver so that the alarm reporting unit (digital communicator) can communicate with the central monitoring facility via the cellular radio transceiver, as well as the wired telephone network.
Making use of the system interface of the present invention, it is possible to establish effective communications between an alarm reporting unit and a cellular radio transceiver, as desired. However, it is further made possible to couple the alarm reporting unit with both a cellular radio transceiver and a wired communicating system, for selective operation according to prevailing conditions, affording a significant degree of transfer path redundancy without requiring additional alarm reporting equipment. In either case, supervised as well as unsupervised alarm reporting systems may be used, either in connection with a cellular radio transceiver, wired communications, or both as desired.
In a broad aspect the invention thus provides a system for interfacing an alarm reporting device which includes means for monitoring an alarm sensor and for providing a signal indicating status conditions of said alarm sensor with a 13i9~
cellular radio transceiver for communicating with an alarm monitoring facility, wherein said system comprises:
-- means for electrically coupling signals associated with said alarm reporting device and signals associated with said radio transceiver, while simultaneously isolating said alarm reporting device from said radio transceiver;
-- means for matching signals received from said alarm reporting device to said radio transceiver; and ~~ means for matching signals received from said radio transceiver to said alarm reporting device; and wherein said system is further connectable to a wired telephone network to place said alarm reporting device in communication with said alarm monitoring facility using said wired telephone network In the drawings which illustrate embodiments of the invention, Figure 1 is a block diagram showing use of the system interface of the present invention to interconnect an alarm reporting unit and a cellular radio transceiver.
Figure 2 is a block diagram showing the system interface of Figure 1.
- 6 - i3~93~
Figure 3 is a block diagram showing the manner in which the various protocol functions associated with the alarm reporting unit and the cellular radio transceiver are accommodated in accordance with the present invention.
Figure 4 is a block diagram showing use of the system interface of the present invention to interconnect an alarm reporting unit with both a cellular radio transceiver and a wired communicating system.
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Figure S is a block diagram showing use of the system interface of the present invention to permit two-way communi-cations between an alarm reporting unit and a remote facility, using either a cellular radio transceiver or a wired com-municating system.
Figure 6 is a block diagram showing use of the systeminterface of the present invention to interconnect an alarm reporting unit with both a cellular radio transceiver and a supervised, wired communicating system.
Figure 7 is a block diagram showing a first alternative embodiment system interface of the present invention used to interconnect an alarm reporting unit with a cellular radio transceiver.
Figure 8 is a graph showing a timing diagram for the system interface of Figure 7.
Figure 9 is a block diagram showing a cellular radio transceiver which is capable of handling both voice and alarm data communications.
Figure 10 is a block diagram showing use of a second alternative embodiment system interface of the present invention to selectively interconnect an alarm reporting unit with either a cellular radio transceiver or a wired communicating system.
Figure 11 is a block diagram showing the system inter-face of Figure 10.
In the several views provided, like reference numerals denote similar structure.
13199~
Deta~led Descrlpt~on of Preferred ~mbodl~ent~
Figure 1 generally illustrates use of the system inter-face 1 of the present invention to effectively ~match~ an alarm reporting unit 2 and a cellular radio transceiver 3. The alarm reporting unit 2 includes a control panel 4 which operates to receive signals from one or more remote sensors (not shown) posi-tioned at desired .locations throughout a particular premises, and to develop a digital signal which is indicative of the present condition of the sensors associated with the alarm reporting unit 2. A digital communicator 5 is provided to transmit such digital signals to a central facility which is charged with the respon-sibility of monitoring canditions at the remote premises.
The cellular radio transceiver 3 may be any one of a variety of conventionally available units for establishing effec-tive communications via the cellular telephone network, It is to be understood that the. radio transceiver 3, aswell as the alarm reporting unit 2, are conventionally available components which do not in themselves `form part of the present invention, and that the configuration of the alarm reporting unit 2 and the radio transceiver 3 may be varied in accordance with the present invention to establish effective communications be-tween these two elements, as desired.
Figure 2 illustrates specifics of the system interface 1 ~. .
- 13199~5 of the present invention. As shown, the digital communicator 5 of the alarm reporting unit 2 communicates with an isolation/hybrid circuit 10. A variety of conventionally available circuits may be used to develop the function of the isolation/hybrid circuit 10, such as a 2/4 wire conversion cir-cuit or the like, which makes use of telephone coupling transfor-mers and amplifiers to convert the bi-directional siqnal existing on the telephone loop into two discrete uni-directional signals.
This enables two-way communications through the system interface 1, while providing sufficient isolation between the alarm reporting unit 2 and the radio transceiver 3 to permit simulta-neous connection of the digital communicator S to separate media, the purpose of which will become apparent from the description to be provided below.
A pair of cooperating matching circuits 15, 20 operate to interconnect the isolation/hybrid circuit 10 with the radio transceiver 3. One of the matching circuits 15 is provided to effectively match the output ~format) of the digital communicator 5 with the input (format) of the radio transceiver 3. The other of the matching circuits 20 is provided to effectlvely match the output (format) of the radio transceiver 3 with the input (format) of the digital communicator S. In each case, this ~matching~ can involve correlation of the voltages and/or formats of the respective signals being interconnected. The voltages and formats of these signals are based upon the configuration of the alarm reporting unit 2 and the radio transceiver 3 which are l3~9~
~aing used. The precise configuration of the matching circuits 15, 20 will therefore necessarily depend upon the signal require-ments of the selected digital communicator 5 and cellular radio transceiver 3. However, the specifics of these matching circuits will be readily understood by per-qons of ordinary 8~ill in the art, using conventionally available circuit design~.
The isolation/hybrid circuit 10 ~via the path lOa) com-bines with the matching circuit 15 to effectively interface the digital communicator 5 of the alarm reporting unit 2 with the radio transceiver 3, to allow the alarm reporting unit 2 to effectively communicate with a central monitoring facility via the radio transceiver 3. As part of this communication, it is common practice for the central monitoring facility to provide the digital communicator 5 with certain acknowledgement signals which serve to regulate the transmission of data from the alarm reporting unit to the central monitoring facility. The matching circuit 20, in combination with the i~olation/hybrid circuit 10 ~via the path lOb), operates to effectively pass these acknowledgement signals from the radio transceiver 3 to the digi-tal communicator 5 of the alarm reporting unit 2, completing theneeded interface between thece two components~
A protocol functions circuit 25 is provided to establish initial communications between the digit~l communicator 5 of the alarm reporting unit 2 and the radio transceiver 3 (through the matching circuit 15), irrespective of the protocol of the digital communicator 5. Specifically, the signaling protocol of the il`3199`~
digital communicator 5 may involve either a dual tone multi-frequency (DTMF) signal or a rotary pul~e signal, depending upon the basic service which is subscribed to at the premises provided with the alarm reporting unit 2. Steps must therefore be taken to make sure that the system interface 1 is able to accommodate either of these two protocols. To this end, appropriate commands must be provided to decode dialing information received from the digital communicator, or to promote other functions which are needed to automatically initiate the transmission of data through the system. The protocol functions circuit 25 therefore operates to assure that the signals (pulses) which are received from the digital communicator 5 will be recognized by the matching circuit 15, irrespective of their protocol, for appropriate delivery to the radio transceiver 3. Figure 3 illustrates the protocol func-tions circuit 25 in greater detail.
DTMF signals are processed in substantially conventionalfashion, with the détection of tone-pair6 selected from the six-teen tone-pairs which are conventionally provided in this format by a detector circuit 26. The detector circuit 26 communicates with a converter 27 which, following the detection of a recognized tone-pair, operates to convert the recognized tone-pair to a corresponding digit. Upon assembly of the diqits to be transmitted, a send command is produced at 2B which causes the identified digits to be delivered to the radio transceiver 3.
This initiates communications with the central monitoring faci-lity, with necessary acknowledgement signals being returned to - ~`319g~5 the digital communicator 5 via the matching circuit 20.
It is important to note here that due to the ~ignal separation provided by the isolation/hybrid circuit 10, and because the detection of DTMF signals proceeds in a fashion ~imi-lar to that used by the conventional (wired) telephone network,the proce~sing of DTMF signals in accordance with ~he present invention is fully compatible with the processing of DTMF signals through the conventional, wired telephone network. This allows the system interface 1 to interconnect the alarm reporting unit 2 with the radio transceiver 3, while simultaneously permitting interconnection of the alarm reporting unit 2 with the conven-tional, wired telephone network (via a conventional RJll connection).
Ordinarily, the pulses of a rotary signal are detected by a current QenSing technique wherein a voltage source within the interfacing system is used to cause a current to flow when a pulse is present. However, it has been found that the voltage source which is needed for this pulse detection technique ex-cludes the possibility of simultaneously connectinq the digital communicator 5 with both the radio transceiver 3 and the conven-tional, wired telephone network because it will interfere with the voltage source within the telephone network. In addition to violating certain FCC requirements regarding standards of inter-connection to the telephone network, such interference prevents an operative connection to the wired telephone network.
In accordance with the present invention, the pul~es of `- i319~a a rotary signal are detected making use of an intentionally injected signal, which is synthesized at 29. Preferably, an inaudible, sinusoidal signal at the upper end of the audio spectrum (e.g., 10-30 k~z) is used for this purpose. The synthe-sized frequency is preferably continuously injected into the net-work at 30, entering the matching circuit 20, which cause~ the injected signal to be applied at the output 31 (Figure 2) of the digital communicator 5. Since the presence or absence of a rotary pulse at the output 31 of the digital communicator 5 will result in a change in impedance at this node, the degree to which the injected frequency is absorbed at the node 31 will vary depending upon the presence or absence of a pulse, as well as the number of pulses which are encountered. A threshold detection circuit 32 is provided to monitor the output of the digital com-municator 5, to monitor changes in level resulting from theforegoing scheme. The threshold detection circuit 32, which is otherwise conventional in configuration, therefore allows a determination to be made as to the initiation of rotary pulses, as well as the number of pulses which are being produced.
The threshold detection circuit 32 communicates with the converter 27, which operates as previously described to develop a sequence of numbers for the purpose of dialing. This developed sequence of numbers is again delivered to the radio transceiver 3 responsive to a send command, at 28, as previously described in connection with the processing of DTMF signals.
The foregoing permits a rotary signal to be interpreted `- 13i99~
without requiring use of the voltage source which was previously needed to accomplish this function. Consequently, in addition to effectively initiating communication between the digital com-municator 5 and the radio transceiver 3, the above-described rotary pul~e detection scheme, together with the signal separa-tion provided by the isolation/hybrid circuit 10, allows the system interface 1 to interconnect the alarm reporting unit 2 with the radio transceiver 3, while simultaneously permitting interconnection of the alarm reporting unit 2 with the conven-tional, wired telephone network (via a conventional RJllconnection).
Accordingly, it is seen that the system interface 1 of the present invention provides an effective means for connecting the alarm reporting unit 2 with the cellular radio transceiver 3, as previously shown in Figure 1. However, resulting from the effective isolation provided by the isolation/hybrid circuit 10 and the DTMF and rotary signal detection schemes which are embodied in the protocol functions circuit 25, the system inter-face 1 additionally permits simultaneous connection of the alarm reporting unit 2 with both the cellular radio transceiver 3 and the conventional, wired telephone network tvia an RJll connection), as shown in Figure 4. In addition to the advan-tageous redundancy which this provides, simultaneous connection to the wired telephone network also promotes ~nexpensive two-way communications with the alarm reporting unit 2. Separate from the acknowledgement signals which are used to effectively regu-~3l9~s~
late the transmission of data by the alarm reportlng unit 2, as previously described, advancement~ in the verqatility of the alarm reporting unit 2 have created a need to directly access (address) the alarm reporting unit 2 to take advantage of certain supervisory functions which this unit can incorporate te.g., remote control functions, load management, etc.). Simultaneous connection of the alarm reporting unit 2 with the wired telephone network, as well as the cellular radio transceiver 3, allows necessary supervising signals to be provided to the alarm reporting unit 2 via less costly wired communications, avoiding the need to resort to more costly cellular radio communications to provide this function.
In some cases, it may be desirable to resort to more costly radio communications to provide such supervisory signals to the alarm reporting unit 2, for example, where increased security is indicated. Figure 5 illustrates use of the system interface of the present invention to provide such a function.
The majority of the system interface l' shown in Figure 5 corresponds to the system interface l shown in Figure 2 of the drawings, operating as previously described to enable the digital communicator 5 of the alarm reporting unit 2 to establish com-munications with a remote facility via the cellular radio transceiver 3. ~owever, the system interface l' of Figure 5 additionally permits the remote facility to establish com-munications with the alarm reporting unit 2, via the cellularradio transceiver 3, by providing the protocol functions circuit 13199 ~5 25 with a ring circuit 35 for interpreting communications rec~eived (~ignal path 36) from the central facility and for pro-viding (~ignal path 37) the received communications to the alarm reporting unit 2 via the m~tching circuit 20. The ring circuit 35 includes ring detection means for recognizing that a call has been placed by the remote facility (irre~pective of protocol) and ring generating means for providing signals to the alarm reporting unit 2 which will initiate its call receiving capabili-ties.
Figure 6 illustrates use of the system interface 1 of the present invention to facilitate the implementation of even more comprebensive systems, such as the supervised, interactive alarm reporting system which is described in my prior co-pending U.S. patent application Serial No. 062,174. In this con-figuration, the system interface 1 of the present invention is again used to interconnect the digital communicator S of the alarm reporting unit 2 and the cellular radio transceiver 3. In addition, a derived channel unit 40 interconnects the control panel 4 of the alarm reporting unit 2 with the conventional, wired telephone network 45. The system interface 1 and the derived channel unit 40 additionally communicate with a controlling interface 50 which operates-t-o-provide a supervised, interactive alarm reporting system of improved reliability.
Accordingly, it is seen that the system interface 1 of the present inventi.on serves well to satisfy each of the objec-~,j;, .
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tives previously set forth. It will also be understood that the system interface 1 of the present invention is capable of variation without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. For example, the configuration of the isolation/hybrid circuit 10, the matching circuits 15, 20, and the protocol functions circuit 25 may be varied according to the formats of the signals which are being produced by the digital communicator 5 and received by the cellular radio transceiver 3.
Moreover, it is to be understood that the system interface 1 may be used in configurations other than those specifically illustrated in Figures 1, 4 and 6 of the drawings to effectively interconnect communicating equipment in accordance with the pre-sent invention.
It is even possible to develop a system interface which is fully independent of the protocol of the digital communicator S, eliminating the need for the protocol functions circuit 25.
Figure 7 shows a system interface 60 for accomplishing this result. Figure 8 shows characteristic signals associated with this system interface. The system interface 60 again includes an isolation/hybrid circuit 10 and matching circuits 15, 20 which operate as previously described to effectively match the alarm reporting unit 2 with the cellular radio transceiver 3, including any necessary level and format adjustments. The isolation/hybrid circuit 10 again operates to permit simultaneous connection of the alarm reporting unit 2 with both the cellular radio transceiver and the wired telephone network, if desired, to deve-~` i319~
lop configurations such as are shown in Figures 4 and 6 of the drawings.
However, the protocol functions circuit 25 has been deleted in favor of components which, rather than using signals received from the digital communicator 5 to establish a connec-tion through the cellular radio transceiver 3, ma~e use of an independent system for establishing this connection. This elimi-nates the need to have to account for the protocol associated with the digital communicator 5, since the necessary signals reside within the system interface 60. Generally speaking, this is accomplished by using the output of the digital communicator 5 to merely initiate a separate dialing procedure within the system interface 60, rather than making use of the dialing information which is produced by the digital communicator 5. The necessary dialing procedures are then accomplished by the system interface 60, eliminating the need to account for the protocol of the digi-tal communicator 5.
To this end, upon sensing an alarm condition, the digi-tal communicator 5 of the alarm reporting unit 2 will initiate its data sequence in the usual fashion. This will in due course supply both dialing information (Curve A at 75~ and status infor-mation (Curve A at 76) to the system interface 60, at 31. This information will be received by the matching circuit 15, which will then operate to pass the received sequence to a node at 61.
Node 61 is coupled to a monostable circuit 62 so that the initial pulse ~Curve A at 77) of the sequence which is received from the 13199~
digital communicator 5 will toggle the monostable circuit 62 for a specified period of time ~Curve B at 78). Monostable circuit 62 is in turn coupled to a monostable circuit 63, as a first input of a two-input AND circuit 64. The remaining input of AND
circuit 64 is received from yet another monostable circuit 65.
Since the signal which is received from the inverting output (Q) of the monostable circuit 65 is normally on (i.e., a logic ~
toggling of the monostable circuit 62 will cause the monostable circuit 63 to toggle, causing a transition at the inverting out-put (Q) of the monostable circuit 63 (Curve C at 79). This tran-sition is used to operate a shift register 66, which causes a desired telephone number (which is to be dialed) to be trans-ferred from PROM 67 (where the number is stored~ to the shift register 66. The inverting output (Q) of the monostable circuit 63 additionally communicates with an AND circuit 68, which is configured to inhibit clock pulses from reaching the shift register 66 while the desired telephone number is being trans-ferred from PROM 67 to the shift register 66 (Curve D at 80).
During this procedure, steps are taken ta prevent the dialing information 75 which is then being received from the digital communicator 5 from reaching the cellular radio transceiver 3. This is accomplished by the AND circuit 69, which receives inputs from the matching circuit 15 (the data from the digital communicator 5), and the monostable circuit 65, which at the time is inhibiting.
After the monostable circuit 63 returns to its normal 3~9~
state (Curve C at 81), the output of the mono~table circuit 63 will then operate to enable the AND circuit 68, permitting clocking o~ the shift reg~ster 66 (Curve D at 82) responsive to an oscillator 70. This will cause the telephone number stored in the shift register 66 to pass from the shift register 66 and to the cellular radio transceiver 3, at 71. The frequency of the oscillator 70 is selected to meet the rate which is required to enable a telephone number to be transmitted from the cellular radio transceiver 3 to the cellular radio network. This rate is significantly faster than the normal dialing rate for the digital communicator 5, which is ordinarily insufficient to permit a direct transfer of telephone number information by the cellular radio transceiver 3 without having to first temporarily store the information which is to be dialed, and to then initiate a command (a send command) which transfers the stored information at the high rate which is imposed by the cellular radio network. For this reason, it is generally necessary to modify the cellular radio transceiver 3 (through a modification of its software) so that it is always ready to send digits which it receives, without waiting for an initiating (send) command.
As is conventional, the digital communicator S will repeatedly attempt to establish communications with the central monitoring facility via the cellular radio transceiver 3, until such time as an acknowledgment is received that an effective con-nection has been made. These dialing operations are repeatedlyperformed as previously described, until such time as a suitable -- 131g~
acknowledgment signal (Curve E ) is received by the cellular radio transceiver 3, at 72. This acknowledgment signal is detected by a tone detection circuit 73, which in turn operates to toggle the monostable circuit 65 (Curve F). The non-inverting output (Q) of the monostable circuit 65 then operates to enable the AND circuit 69, allowing the status information which will be received from the digital communicator 5 (Curve A at 76) to pass to the cellu-lar radio transceiver 3, at 74. The inverting output (Q) of the monostable circuit 65 operates to inhibit the monostable circuit lQ 63, preventing further transfers of data from PROM 67 to the shift register 66 (which would cause an undesired dialing proce-dure to occur following detection of the status information 76 by the monostable circuit 62, at 83 in Curve B). The acknowledge-ment signal (Curve E) is also provided to the digital com-municator 5, via the matching circuit 20, to cause the digitalcommunicator 5 to transmit the status information 76 in the usual manner.
The system interface 60 therefore operates to establish communications between the digital communicator 5 and the cellu-lar radio transceiver 3 making use of a dialing number which ismaintained within the system interface 60, and the status infor-mation which is received from the digital communicator 5.
~ccordingly, there is no need to account for the protocol of the digital communicator 5 since actual dialing is performed by the interface circuit 60. Communications received from the cellular radio transceiver 3 are effectively returned to the digital com-1319~
municator 5 by means of the matching circuit 20, establishing two-way communications between the alarm reporting unit 2 and the rem~te location which is monitoring the alarm reporting unit 2, if desired.
Since the system interface 60 illustrated in Figure 7 operates to establish communications between the digital com-municator S of the alarm reporting unit 2 and the cellular radio transceiver 3 WitilOUt making use of the conventional ~tore/send configuration which is normally employed by the cellular radio transceiver 3, the system interface 60 of Figure 7 provides an additional enhancement in that it allows the alarm reporting unit 2 to be effectively coupled with the cellular radio transceiver 3 without interrupting the basic operations of the cellular radio transceiver itself. As shown in Figure 9, this permits the ~cellular radio transceiver 3 to perform a dual function which permits normal cellular radio communications via a handset 85, as well as the transmission of alarm information making use of the system interface 60. Appropriate gating must be provided within the system interface 60 to prevent an attempted simultaneous transmission of voice and data communications. Preferably, this gating operates to provide the alarm information with priority over voice communications. It should be noted that with an appropriate adaptive connection, it is also possible to provide a similar capability in connection with other system interface con-figurations as well, including the system interface 1 and the system interface 1' previously described, and the alternative `~ ~3199`3~
embodiment system interface to be described below.
Yet another variation of the system interface of the present invention is shown in Figures 10 and 11. The con-figuration 90 shown in Figure 10 again includes a system inter-face 1'' coupled with a cellular radio transceiver 3, forreceiving appropriate signals rom the digital communicator 5 of the alarm reporting unit 2. However, in this case, signals pro-duced by the digital communicator 5 are distributed between a cellular-based transmission path (comprised of the system inter-face 1'' and the cellular radio transceiver 3) at 91, and a land-based transmission path (comprised of the wired telephone network 45) at 92. Selection between the transmission path 91 and the transmission path 92 is accomplished by a relay 93 which is operated responsive to a line fault monitor 94.
The relay 93 is configured to normally interconnect the alarm reporting unit 2 with the wired telephone network 45, at 92, so that communication between the alarm reporting unit 2 and the central monitoring facility will ordinarily take place through the wired telephone network 45. This has the advantage of providing a communicating path which is inexpensive to operate, and well adapted to the various types of communications which are presently desirable between the alarm reporting unit 2 and the central monitoring facility, including transfers of alarm data as well as the downloading of parameters and remote control signals received from the central monitoring facility.
In the event of an alarm, the alarm reporting unit 2 `~ ' 1319~
twhich is then connected to the wired telephone network 45) will operate to supply alarm data to the central monitoring facility, prompting an appropriate response based upon positive information received from the remote premises. To permit the digital com-municator 5 of the alarm reporting unit 2 to acce~s the wiredtelephone network 45, steps are taken to decouple any telephone~
~e.g. the telephone 95) from the wired telephone network 45, to permit the digital communicator 5 to perform its desired dialing function. This is accomplished by a relay 96 which couples the telephone 95 with the wired telephone network 45 and which is operated (opened) responsive to an alarm indicating signal received from the digital communicator 5 of the alarm reporting unit 2, at 97. Thus, upon the detection of an alarm condition, a signal is provided at 97, opening the relay 96 and decoupling the telephone 95 from the wired telephone network 45 to permit the digital communicator 5 to perform its dialing function and acce~s the wired telephone network 45 (through the connecting relay 93).
After the alarm condition has cleared (has been reported), the relay 96 is returned to its normally closed state, to reconnect 2~ the telephone 95 to the wired telephone network 45.
Operations of this type will proceed until such time as the line fault monitor 94 determines that the wired telephone network 45 is no longer functional (or available). A variety of conventionally available devices are capable of making such a determination. In fact, it i9 even possible to employ similar functions which are conventionally associated with the derived `~- o ~3199~
channel unit 40 previously described, if used, which may then serve in place of the line fault monitor 94, if de~ired. In any event, upon detecting a fault, the line fault monitor 94 then operates the relay 93 to disconnect the digital communicator 5 of the alarm reporting unit 2 from the wired telephone network 45, and to connect the digital communicator 5 of the alarm reporting unit 2 with the system interface l" , at 91~ This operates to decouple the system from a faulty wired telephone network, while providing necessary back-up via the cellular radio network. The system then operates as previously described to establish com-munications between the alarm reporting unit 2 and the central monitoring facility using the cellular radio transceiver 3, keeping the central monitoring facility fully advised of status conditions at the remote premises irrespective of the condition of the wired telephone network 45. After the fault has passed, the relay 93 is returned to its normal state, disconnecting the alarm reporting unit 2 from the cellular-based transmission path 91 and connecting the alarm reporting unit 2 to the land-based transmission path 92 (the wired telephone network 45).
Significant operational advantages result from this con-figuration. First, communications are normally accomplished using the wired telephone network, which is generally less expen-sive, and ordinarily satisfactory. Second, in the event of a fault in the wired telephone network, steps are taken to not only provide a parallel path for communicating with the central moni-toring facility, but also to isolate the faulty wired telephone /~ o network from the remainder of the system.
Yet another advantage of the alarm monitoring system 90 illustrated in Figure 10 is that it permits significant simplifi-cation of the system interface. Although the system interface may take any of a variety of forms including those which have previously been described, a simplified configuration such a~ is illustrated in Figure 11 is also permitted resulting from the isolation which is provided by the controlled relay 93. Particu-larly important in this regard is that the isolation which the relay 93 provides is sufficient to permit the protocol of the signal which is received from the digital communicator 5 to be decoded using conventionally available devices, eliminating the need for the injected tones which were previously utilized for this purpose. This is accomplished by providing the system interface 1" with a protocol functions circuit 25 which includes a rotary pulse detection circuit 98, for receiving rotary pulse signals, and a tone pulse detection circuit 99, for receiving DTMF signals, according to the protocol of the digital com-municator 5. These signals are then appropriately decoded and applied to a send-end command circuit 100, for appropriate appli-cation to the matching circuit lS for further processing of the data which follows as previously described. To be noted is that this not only permits the use of standard components to accomplish such functions, but also eliminates the need for the injected tone used in connection with other embodiments of the present invention to detect rotary pulse sigDals, eliminating a potential cause for interference within the ~ystem.
Yet another advantage of the system 90 of Figure 10, and the system interface 1'' of Figure 11, is that the relay 93 operates to effectively isolate the cellular-based transmission path 91 from the land-based transmission path 92, providing enhanced isolation within the system. In fact, such isolation will in many cases be sufficient to permit the ~solation/hybrid circuit 10 to be deleted from the system interface, still further simplifying this component.
It will therefore be understood that various changes in the details, materials and arrangement of parts which have been herein described and illustrated in order to explain the nature of this invention may be made by those skilled in the art within the principle and scope of the invention aY expressed in the lS following claims.
The present invention relates generally to alarm reporting systems, and in particular, to an alarm reporting system which makes use of a cellular radio transceiver to establish communications between a remote location and a central monitoring facility.
In an effort to satisfy the ever-increasing need for the remote monitoring of various premises, including both business and home applications, a variety of security systems have been developed to establish effective communications between a remotely located alarm monitoring device and a central monitoring facility. Many of these systems are generally described in my U.S. Patent No. 4,868,859 entitled ~Supervised, Interactive Alarm Reporting System".
Described are both relatively simple, as well as more comprehensive systems for establishing communications between the remote location to be monitored and the central monitoring facility. In each case, means are provided for alerting the central monitoring facility when an alarm condition is indicated (for the simpler configurations) or verified (for the more comprehensive systems). However, heightened reliability is achieved in accordance with the invention described in my earlier U.S. Patent No. 4,868,859 by providing an alarm reporting system which has a local terminal comprised of a supervised derived channel communicator, and a one-way radio communicator, interconnected by a control unit which provides for interactive operation of the derived channel unit and the radio transmitter according to the alarm conditions which may arise at the premises, and the e~isting condition of the " 13~99~.~
equipment comprising the local terminal. Such an alarm reporting system has been found to be particularly useful in effectively and reliably advising a central monitoring facility of a potential alarm condition irrespective of conditions at the remote location, or efforts to tamper with the alarm reporting system.
Irrespective of the system which is used, once it is ~etermined that a potential alarm condition exists and that the s stem is to be exercised to advise the central monitoring facility of this potential alarm condition, steps must be taken to make sure that data developed at the remote location is effectively transmitted to the central monitoring facility to make sure that the potential alarm condition is correctly reported.
Generally, alarm data is developed within a control panel which receives data from one or more sensors positioned throughout the remote premises which is being monitored, and which interprets the data which is received to determine the occurrence of an alarm condition. If an alarm condition is detected, a digital communicator is operated to send an appropriate message to the remote monitoring facility.
Traditionally, wired communications or dedicated radio communications have been used to interconnect the control panel and the remote monitoring facility. However, with the increased availability of cellular radio communications, and _ 3 _ i3199~5 the advent of more comprehensive alarm reporting systems which advantageously use such radio communications, it remained to develop a system for assuring effective communications between a remote location and a central monitoring facility irrespective of the particular communicating medium being employed.
The present invention provides an effective means for establishing reliable communications between an alarm reporting system stationed at a remote location and a central monitoring facility.
The invention provides a system for interfacing an alarm reporting unit with a cellular radio transceiver so that the data which is produced by the alarm reporting unit is effectively matched to the radio transceiver, irrespective of its initial format. Preferably, this is accomplished in a way which permits the data being produced to be applied to the cellular radio transceiver or other communicating media (primarily land based, wired communications) which maybe employed for purposes of redundancy.
Such a system basically includes means for matching the format of the alarm reporting unit to that of the cellular radio transreceiver, and means for matching the format of the cellular radio transceiver to that of the alarm reporting unit. This permits interactive communications which assure the - 4 _ 13~99`~
reliable transmission of data to the central monitoring facility, while allowing suitable acknowledgment signals to be returned to the alarm reporting unit to regulate the effective transmission of data within the system. Isolation circuitry is provided to effectively separate the alarm reporting unit from the cellular radio transceiver so that the alarm reporting unit (digital communicator) can communicate with the central monitoring facility via the cellular radio transceiver, as well as the wired telephone network.
Making use of the system interface of the present invention, it is possible to establish effective communications between an alarm reporting unit and a cellular radio transceiver, as desired. However, it is further made possible to couple the alarm reporting unit with both a cellular radio transceiver and a wired communicating system, for selective operation according to prevailing conditions, affording a significant degree of transfer path redundancy without requiring additional alarm reporting equipment. In either case, supervised as well as unsupervised alarm reporting systems may be used, either in connection with a cellular radio transceiver, wired communications, or both as desired.
In a broad aspect the invention thus provides a system for interfacing an alarm reporting device which includes means for monitoring an alarm sensor and for providing a signal indicating status conditions of said alarm sensor with a 13i9~
cellular radio transceiver for communicating with an alarm monitoring facility, wherein said system comprises:
-- means for electrically coupling signals associated with said alarm reporting device and signals associated with said radio transceiver, while simultaneously isolating said alarm reporting device from said radio transceiver;
-- means for matching signals received from said alarm reporting device to said radio transceiver; and ~~ means for matching signals received from said radio transceiver to said alarm reporting device; and wherein said system is further connectable to a wired telephone network to place said alarm reporting device in communication with said alarm monitoring facility using said wired telephone network In the drawings which illustrate embodiments of the invention, Figure 1 is a block diagram showing use of the system interface of the present invention to interconnect an alarm reporting unit and a cellular radio transceiver.
Figure 2 is a block diagram showing the system interface of Figure 1.
- 6 - i3~93~
Figure 3 is a block diagram showing the manner in which the various protocol functions associated with the alarm reporting unit and the cellular radio transceiver are accommodated in accordance with the present invention.
Figure 4 is a block diagram showing use of the system interface of the present invention to interconnect an alarm reporting unit with both a cellular radio transceiver and a wired communicating system.
~-' o 99~
Figure S is a block diagram showing use of the system interface of the present invention to permit two-way communi-cations between an alarm reporting unit and a remote facility, using either a cellular radio transceiver or a wired com-municating system.
Figure 6 is a block diagram showing use of the systeminterface of the present invention to interconnect an alarm reporting unit with both a cellular radio transceiver and a supervised, wired communicating system.
Figure 7 is a block diagram showing a first alternative embodiment system interface of the present invention used to interconnect an alarm reporting unit with a cellular radio transceiver.
Figure 8 is a graph showing a timing diagram for the system interface of Figure 7.
Figure 9 is a block diagram showing a cellular radio transceiver which is capable of handling both voice and alarm data communications.
Figure 10 is a block diagram showing use of a second alternative embodiment system interface of the present invention to selectively interconnect an alarm reporting unit with either a cellular radio transceiver or a wired communicating system.
Figure 11 is a block diagram showing the system inter-face of Figure 10.
In the several views provided, like reference numerals denote similar structure.
13199~
Deta~led Descrlpt~on of Preferred ~mbodl~ent~
Figure 1 generally illustrates use of the system inter-face 1 of the present invention to effectively ~match~ an alarm reporting unit 2 and a cellular radio transceiver 3. The alarm reporting unit 2 includes a control panel 4 which operates to receive signals from one or more remote sensors (not shown) posi-tioned at desired .locations throughout a particular premises, and to develop a digital signal which is indicative of the present condition of the sensors associated with the alarm reporting unit 2. A digital communicator 5 is provided to transmit such digital signals to a central facility which is charged with the respon-sibility of monitoring canditions at the remote premises.
The cellular radio transceiver 3 may be any one of a variety of conventionally available units for establishing effec-tive communications via the cellular telephone network, It is to be understood that the. radio transceiver 3, aswell as the alarm reporting unit 2, are conventionally available components which do not in themselves `form part of the present invention, and that the configuration of the alarm reporting unit 2 and the radio transceiver 3 may be varied in accordance with the present invention to establish effective communications be-tween these two elements, as desired.
Figure 2 illustrates specifics of the system interface 1 ~. .
- 13199~5 of the present invention. As shown, the digital communicator 5 of the alarm reporting unit 2 communicates with an isolation/hybrid circuit 10. A variety of conventionally available circuits may be used to develop the function of the isolation/hybrid circuit 10, such as a 2/4 wire conversion cir-cuit or the like, which makes use of telephone coupling transfor-mers and amplifiers to convert the bi-directional siqnal existing on the telephone loop into two discrete uni-directional signals.
This enables two-way communications through the system interface 1, while providing sufficient isolation between the alarm reporting unit 2 and the radio transceiver 3 to permit simulta-neous connection of the digital communicator S to separate media, the purpose of which will become apparent from the description to be provided below.
A pair of cooperating matching circuits 15, 20 operate to interconnect the isolation/hybrid circuit 10 with the radio transceiver 3. One of the matching circuits 15 is provided to effectively match the output ~format) of the digital communicator 5 with the input (format) of the radio transceiver 3. The other of the matching circuits 20 is provided to effectlvely match the output (format) of the radio transceiver 3 with the input (format) of the digital communicator S. In each case, this ~matching~ can involve correlation of the voltages and/or formats of the respective signals being interconnected. The voltages and formats of these signals are based upon the configuration of the alarm reporting unit 2 and the radio transceiver 3 which are l3~9~
~aing used. The precise configuration of the matching circuits 15, 20 will therefore necessarily depend upon the signal require-ments of the selected digital communicator 5 and cellular radio transceiver 3. However, the specifics of these matching circuits will be readily understood by per-qons of ordinary 8~ill in the art, using conventionally available circuit design~.
The isolation/hybrid circuit 10 ~via the path lOa) com-bines with the matching circuit 15 to effectively interface the digital communicator 5 of the alarm reporting unit 2 with the radio transceiver 3, to allow the alarm reporting unit 2 to effectively communicate with a central monitoring facility via the radio transceiver 3. As part of this communication, it is common practice for the central monitoring facility to provide the digital communicator 5 with certain acknowledgement signals which serve to regulate the transmission of data from the alarm reporting unit to the central monitoring facility. The matching circuit 20, in combination with the i~olation/hybrid circuit 10 ~via the path lOb), operates to effectively pass these acknowledgement signals from the radio transceiver 3 to the digi-tal communicator 5 of the alarm reporting unit 2, completing theneeded interface between thece two components~
A protocol functions circuit 25 is provided to establish initial communications between the digit~l communicator 5 of the alarm reporting unit 2 and the radio transceiver 3 (through the matching circuit 15), irrespective of the protocol of the digital communicator 5. Specifically, the signaling protocol of the il`3199`~
digital communicator 5 may involve either a dual tone multi-frequency (DTMF) signal or a rotary pul~e signal, depending upon the basic service which is subscribed to at the premises provided with the alarm reporting unit 2. Steps must therefore be taken to make sure that the system interface 1 is able to accommodate either of these two protocols. To this end, appropriate commands must be provided to decode dialing information received from the digital communicator, or to promote other functions which are needed to automatically initiate the transmission of data through the system. The protocol functions circuit 25 therefore operates to assure that the signals (pulses) which are received from the digital communicator 5 will be recognized by the matching circuit 15, irrespective of their protocol, for appropriate delivery to the radio transceiver 3. Figure 3 illustrates the protocol func-tions circuit 25 in greater detail.
DTMF signals are processed in substantially conventionalfashion, with the détection of tone-pair6 selected from the six-teen tone-pairs which are conventionally provided in this format by a detector circuit 26. The detector circuit 26 communicates with a converter 27 which, following the detection of a recognized tone-pair, operates to convert the recognized tone-pair to a corresponding digit. Upon assembly of the diqits to be transmitted, a send command is produced at 2B which causes the identified digits to be delivered to the radio transceiver 3.
This initiates communications with the central monitoring faci-lity, with necessary acknowledgement signals being returned to - ~`319g~5 the digital communicator 5 via the matching circuit 20.
It is important to note here that due to the ~ignal separation provided by the isolation/hybrid circuit 10, and because the detection of DTMF signals proceeds in a fashion ~imi-lar to that used by the conventional (wired) telephone network,the proce~sing of DTMF signals in accordance with ~he present invention is fully compatible with the processing of DTMF signals through the conventional, wired telephone network. This allows the system interface 1 to interconnect the alarm reporting unit 2 with the radio transceiver 3, while simultaneously permitting interconnection of the alarm reporting unit 2 with the conven-tional, wired telephone network (via a conventional RJll connection).
Ordinarily, the pulses of a rotary signal are detected by a current QenSing technique wherein a voltage source within the interfacing system is used to cause a current to flow when a pulse is present. However, it has been found that the voltage source which is needed for this pulse detection technique ex-cludes the possibility of simultaneously connectinq the digital communicator 5 with both the radio transceiver 3 and the conven-tional, wired telephone network because it will interfere with the voltage source within the telephone network. In addition to violating certain FCC requirements regarding standards of inter-connection to the telephone network, such interference prevents an operative connection to the wired telephone network.
In accordance with the present invention, the pul~es of `- i319~a a rotary signal are detected making use of an intentionally injected signal, which is synthesized at 29. Preferably, an inaudible, sinusoidal signal at the upper end of the audio spectrum (e.g., 10-30 k~z) is used for this purpose. The synthe-sized frequency is preferably continuously injected into the net-work at 30, entering the matching circuit 20, which cause~ the injected signal to be applied at the output 31 (Figure 2) of the digital communicator 5. Since the presence or absence of a rotary pulse at the output 31 of the digital communicator 5 will result in a change in impedance at this node, the degree to which the injected frequency is absorbed at the node 31 will vary depending upon the presence or absence of a pulse, as well as the number of pulses which are encountered. A threshold detection circuit 32 is provided to monitor the output of the digital com-municator 5, to monitor changes in level resulting from theforegoing scheme. The threshold detection circuit 32, which is otherwise conventional in configuration, therefore allows a determination to be made as to the initiation of rotary pulses, as well as the number of pulses which are being produced.
The threshold detection circuit 32 communicates with the converter 27, which operates as previously described to develop a sequence of numbers for the purpose of dialing. This developed sequence of numbers is again delivered to the radio transceiver 3 responsive to a send command, at 28, as previously described in connection with the processing of DTMF signals.
The foregoing permits a rotary signal to be interpreted `- 13i99~
without requiring use of the voltage source which was previously needed to accomplish this function. Consequently, in addition to effectively initiating communication between the digital com-municator 5 and the radio transceiver 3, the above-described rotary pul~e detection scheme, together with the signal separa-tion provided by the isolation/hybrid circuit 10, allows the system interface 1 to interconnect the alarm reporting unit 2 with the radio transceiver 3, while simultaneously permitting interconnection of the alarm reporting unit 2 with the conven-tional, wired telephone network (via a conventional RJllconnection).
Accordingly, it is seen that the system interface 1 of the present invention provides an effective means for connecting the alarm reporting unit 2 with the cellular radio transceiver 3, as previously shown in Figure 1. However, resulting from the effective isolation provided by the isolation/hybrid circuit 10 and the DTMF and rotary signal detection schemes which are embodied in the protocol functions circuit 25, the system inter-face 1 additionally permits simultaneous connection of the alarm reporting unit 2 with both the cellular radio transceiver 3 and the conventional, wired telephone network tvia an RJll connection), as shown in Figure 4. In addition to the advan-tageous redundancy which this provides, simultaneous connection to the wired telephone network also promotes ~nexpensive two-way communications with the alarm reporting unit 2. Separate from the acknowledgement signals which are used to effectively regu-~3l9~s~
late the transmission of data by the alarm reportlng unit 2, as previously described, advancement~ in the verqatility of the alarm reporting unit 2 have created a need to directly access (address) the alarm reporting unit 2 to take advantage of certain supervisory functions which this unit can incorporate te.g., remote control functions, load management, etc.). Simultaneous connection of the alarm reporting unit 2 with the wired telephone network, as well as the cellular radio transceiver 3, allows necessary supervising signals to be provided to the alarm reporting unit 2 via less costly wired communications, avoiding the need to resort to more costly cellular radio communications to provide this function.
In some cases, it may be desirable to resort to more costly radio communications to provide such supervisory signals to the alarm reporting unit 2, for example, where increased security is indicated. Figure 5 illustrates use of the system interface of the present invention to provide such a function.
The majority of the system interface l' shown in Figure 5 corresponds to the system interface l shown in Figure 2 of the drawings, operating as previously described to enable the digital communicator 5 of the alarm reporting unit 2 to establish com-munications with a remote facility via the cellular radio transceiver 3. ~owever, the system interface l' of Figure 5 additionally permits the remote facility to establish com-munications with the alarm reporting unit 2, via the cellularradio transceiver 3, by providing the protocol functions circuit 13199 ~5 25 with a ring circuit 35 for interpreting communications rec~eived (~ignal path 36) from the central facility and for pro-viding (~ignal path 37) the received communications to the alarm reporting unit 2 via the m~tching circuit 20. The ring circuit 35 includes ring detection means for recognizing that a call has been placed by the remote facility (irre~pective of protocol) and ring generating means for providing signals to the alarm reporting unit 2 which will initiate its call receiving capabili-ties.
Figure 6 illustrates use of the system interface 1 of the present invention to facilitate the implementation of even more comprebensive systems, such as the supervised, interactive alarm reporting system which is described in my prior co-pending U.S. patent application Serial No. 062,174. In this con-figuration, the system interface 1 of the present invention is again used to interconnect the digital communicator S of the alarm reporting unit 2 and the cellular radio transceiver 3. In addition, a derived channel unit 40 interconnects the control panel 4 of the alarm reporting unit 2 with the conventional, wired telephone network 45. The system interface 1 and the derived channel unit 40 additionally communicate with a controlling interface 50 which operates-t-o-provide a supervised, interactive alarm reporting system of improved reliability.
Accordingly, it is seen that the system interface 1 of the present inventi.on serves well to satisfy each of the objec-~,j;, .
,~.
99~
tives previously set forth. It will also be understood that the system interface 1 of the present invention is capable of variation without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. For example, the configuration of the isolation/hybrid circuit 10, the matching circuits 15, 20, and the protocol functions circuit 25 may be varied according to the formats of the signals which are being produced by the digital communicator 5 and received by the cellular radio transceiver 3.
Moreover, it is to be understood that the system interface 1 may be used in configurations other than those specifically illustrated in Figures 1, 4 and 6 of the drawings to effectively interconnect communicating equipment in accordance with the pre-sent invention.
It is even possible to develop a system interface which is fully independent of the protocol of the digital communicator S, eliminating the need for the protocol functions circuit 25.
Figure 7 shows a system interface 60 for accomplishing this result. Figure 8 shows characteristic signals associated with this system interface. The system interface 60 again includes an isolation/hybrid circuit 10 and matching circuits 15, 20 which operate as previously described to effectively match the alarm reporting unit 2 with the cellular radio transceiver 3, including any necessary level and format adjustments. The isolation/hybrid circuit 10 again operates to permit simultaneous connection of the alarm reporting unit 2 with both the cellular radio transceiver and the wired telephone network, if desired, to deve-~` i319~
lop configurations such as are shown in Figures 4 and 6 of the drawings.
However, the protocol functions circuit 25 has been deleted in favor of components which, rather than using signals received from the digital communicator 5 to establish a connec-tion through the cellular radio transceiver 3, ma~e use of an independent system for establishing this connection. This elimi-nates the need to have to account for the protocol associated with the digital communicator 5, since the necessary signals reside within the system interface 60. Generally speaking, this is accomplished by using the output of the digital communicator 5 to merely initiate a separate dialing procedure within the system interface 60, rather than making use of the dialing information which is produced by the digital communicator 5. The necessary dialing procedures are then accomplished by the system interface 60, eliminating the need to account for the protocol of the digi-tal communicator 5.
To this end, upon sensing an alarm condition, the digi-tal communicator 5 of the alarm reporting unit 2 will initiate its data sequence in the usual fashion. This will in due course supply both dialing information (Curve A at 75~ and status infor-mation (Curve A at 76) to the system interface 60, at 31. This information will be received by the matching circuit 15, which will then operate to pass the received sequence to a node at 61.
Node 61 is coupled to a monostable circuit 62 so that the initial pulse ~Curve A at 77) of the sequence which is received from the 13199~
digital communicator 5 will toggle the monostable circuit 62 for a specified period of time ~Curve B at 78). Monostable circuit 62 is in turn coupled to a monostable circuit 63, as a first input of a two-input AND circuit 64. The remaining input of AND
circuit 64 is received from yet another monostable circuit 65.
Since the signal which is received from the inverting output (Q) of the monostable circuit 65 is normally on (i.e., a logic ~
toggling of the monostable circuit 62 will cause the monostable circuit 63 to toggle, causing a transition at the inverting out-put (Q) of the monostable circuit 63 (Curve C at 79). This tran-sition is used to operate a shift register 66, which causes a desired telephone number (which is to be dialed) to be trans-ferred from PROM 67 (where the number is stored~ to the shift register 66. The inverting output (Q) of the monostable circuit 63 additionally communicates with an AND circuit 68, which is configured to inhibit clock pulses from reaching the shift register 66 while the desired telephone number is being trans-ferred from PROM 67 to the shift register 66 (Curve D at 80).
During this procedure, steps are taken ta prevent the dialing information 75 which is then being received from the digital communicator 5 from reaching the cellular radio transceiver 3. This is accomplished by the AND circuit 69, which receives inputs from the matching circuit 15 (the data from the digital communicator 5), and the monostable circuit 65, which at the time is inhibiting.
After the monostable circuit 63 returns to its normal 3~9~
state (Curve C at 81), the output of the mono~table circuit 63 will then operate to enable the AND circuit 68, permitting clocking o~ the shift reg~ster 66 (Curve D at 82) responsive to an oscillator 70. This will cause the telephone number stored in the shift register 66 to pass from the shift register 66 and to the cellular radio transceiver 3, at 71. The frequency of the oscillator 70 is selected to meet the rate which is required to enable a telephone number to be transmitted from the cellular radio transceiver 3 to the cellular radio network. This rate is significantly faster than the normal dialing rate for the digital communicator 5, which is ordinarily insufficient to permit a direct transfer of telephone number information by the cellular radio transceiver 3 without having to first temporarily store the information which is to be dialed, and to then initiate a command (a send command) which transfers the stored information at the high rate which is imposed by the cellular radio network. For this reason, it is generally necessary to modify the cellular radio transceiver 3 (through a modification of its software) so that it is always ready to send digits which it receives, without waiting for an initiating (send) command.
As is conventional, the digital communicator S will repeatedly attempt to establish communications with the central monitoring facility via the cellular radio transceiver 3, until such time as an acknowledgment is received that an effective con-nection has been made. These dialing operations are repeatedlyperformed as previously described, until such time as a suitable -- 131g~
acknowledgment signal (Curve E ) is received by the cellular radio transceiver 3, at 72. This acknowledgment signal is detected by a tone detection circuit 73, which in turn operates to toggle the monostable circuit 65 (Curve F). The non-inverting output (Q) of the monostable circuit 65 then operates to enable the AND circuit 69, allowing the status information which will be received from the digital communicator 5 (Curve A at 76) to pass to the cellu-lar radio transceiver 3, at 74. The inverting output (Q) of the monostable circuit 65 operates to inhibit the monostable circuit lQ 63, preventing further transfers of data from PROM 67 to the shift register 66 (which would cause an undesired dialing proce-dure to occur following detection of the status information 76 by the monostable circuit 62, at 83 in Curve B). The acknowledge-ment signal (Curve E) is also provided to the digital com-municator 5, via the matching circuit 20, to cause the digitalcommunicator 5 to transmit the status information 76 in the usual manner.
The system interface 60 therefore operates to establish communications between the digital communicator 5 and the cellu-lar radio transceiver 3 making use of a dialing number which ismaintained within the system interface 60, and the status infor-mation which is received from the digital communicator 5.
~ccordingly, there is no need to account for the protocol of the digital communicator 5 since actual dialing is performed by the interface circuit 60. Communications received from the cellular radio transceiver 3 are effectively returned to the digital com-1319~
municator 5 by means of the matching circuit 20, establishing two-way communications between the alarm reporting unit 2 and the rem~te location which is monitoring the alarm reporting unit 2, if desired.
Since the system interface 60 illustrated in Figure 7 operates to establish communications between the digital com-municator S of the alarm reporting unit 2 and the cellular radio transceiver 3 WitilOUt making use of the conventional ~tore/send configuration which is normally employed by the cellular radio transceiver 3, the system interface 60 of Figure 7 provides an additional enhancement in that it allows the alarm reporting unit 2 to be effectively coupled with the cellular radio transceiver 3 without interrupting the basic operations of the cellular radio transceiver itself. As shown in Figure 9, this permits the ~cellular radio transceiver 3 to perform a dual function which permits normal cellular radio communications via a handset 85, as well as the transmission of alarm information making use of the system interface 60. Appropriate gating must be provided within the system interface 60 to prevent an attempted simultaneous transmission of voice and data communications. Preferably, this gating operates to provide the alarm information with priority over voice communications. It should be noted that with an appropriate adaptive connection, it is also possible to provide a similar capability in connection with other system interface con-figurations as well, including the system interface 1 and the system interface 1' previously described, and the alternative `~ ~3199`3~
embodiment system interface to be described below.
Yet another variation of the system interface of the present invention is shown in Figures 10 and 11. The con-figuration 90 shown in Figure 10 again includes a system inter-face 1'' coupled with a cellular radio transceiver 3, forreceiving appropriate signals rom the digital communicator 5 of the alarm reporting unit 2. However, in this case, signals pro-duced by the digital communicator 5 are distributed between a cellular-based transmission path (comprised of the system inter-face 1'' and the cellular radio transceiver 3) at 91, and a land-based transmission path (comprised of the wired telephone network 45) at 92. Selection between the transmission path 91 and the transmission path 92 is accomplished by a relay 93 which is operated responsive to a line fault monitor 94.
The relay 93 is configured to normally interconnect the alarm reporting unit 2 with the wired telephone network 45, at 92, so that communication between the alarm reporting unit 2 and the central monitoring facility will ordinarily take place through the wired telephone network 45. This has the advantage of providing a communicating path which is inexpensive to operate, and well adapted to the various types of communications which are presently desirable between the alarm reporting unit 2 and the central monitoring facility, including transfers of alarm data as well as the downloading of parameters and remote control signals received from the central monitoring facility.
In the event of an alarm, the alarm reporting unit 2 `~ ' 1319~
twhich is then connected to the wired telephone network 45) will operate to supply alarm data to the central monitoring facility, prompting an appropriate response based upon positive information received from the remote premises. To permit the digital com-municator 5 of the alarm reporting unit 2 to acce~s the wiredtelephone network 45, steps are taken to decouple any telephone~
~e.g. the telephone 95) from the wired telephone network 45, to permit the digital communicator 5 to perform its desired dialing function. This is accomplished by a relay 96 which couples the telephone 95 with the wired telephone network 45 and which is operated (opened) responsive to an alarm indicating signal received from the digital communicator 5 of the alarm reporting unit 2, at 97. Thus, upon the detection of an alarm condition, a signal is provided at 97, opening the relay 96 and decoupling the telephone 95 from the wired telephone network 45 to permit the digital communicator 5 to perform its dialing function and acce~s the wired telephone network 45 (through the connecting relay 93).
After the alarm condition has cleared (has been reported), the relay 96 is returned to its normally closed state, to reconnect 2~ the telephone 95 to the wired telephone network 45.
Operations of this type will proceed until such time as the line fault monitor 94 determines that the wired telephone network 45 is no longer functional (or available). A variety of conventionally available devices are capable of making such a determination. In fact, it i9 even possible to employ similar functions which are conventionally associated with the derived `~- o ~3199~
channel unit 40 previously described, if used, which may then serve in place of the line fault monitor 94, if de~ired. In any event, upon detecting a fault, the line fault monitor 94 then operates the relay 93 to disconnect the digital communicator 5 of the alarm reporting unit 2 from the wired telephone network 45, and to connect the digital communicator 5 of the alarm reporting unit 2 with the system interface l" , at 91~ This operates to decouple the system from a faulty wired telephone network, while providing necessary back-up via the cellular radio network. The system then operates as previously described to establish com-munications between the alarm reporting unit 2 and the central monitoring facility using the cellular radio transceiver 3, keeping the central monitoring facility fully advised of status conditions at the remote premises irrespective of the condition of the wired telephone network 45. After the fault has passed, the relay 93 is returned to its normal state, disconnecting the alarm reporting unit 2 from the cellular-based transmission path 91 and connecting the alarm reporting unit 2 to the land-based transmission path 92 (the wired telephone network 45).
Significant operational advantages result from this con-figuration. First, communications are normally accomplished using the wired telephone network, which is generally less expen-sive, and ordinarily satisfactory. Second, in the event of a fault in the wired telephone network, steps are taken to not only provide a parallel path for communicating with the central moni-toring facility, but also to isolate the faulty wired telephone /~ o network from the remainder of the system.
Yet another advantage of the alarm monitoring system 90 illustrated in Figure 10 is that it permits significant simplifi-cation of the system interface. Although the system interface may take any of a variety of forms including those which have previously been described, a simplified configuration such a~ is illustrated in Figure 11 is also permitted resulting from the isolation which is provided by the controlled relay 93. Particu-larly important in this regard is that the isolation which the relay 93 provides is sufficient to permit the protocol of the signal which is received from the digital communicator 5 to be decoded using conventionally available devices, eliminating the need for the injected tones which were previously utilized for this purpose. This is accomplished by providing the system interface 1" with a protocol functions circuit 25 which includes a rotary pulse detection circuit 98, for receiving rotary pulse signals, and a tone pulse detection circuit 99, for receiving DTMF signals, according to the protocol of the digital com-municator 5. These signals are then appropriately decoded and applied to a send-end command circuit 100, for appropriate appli-cation to the matching circuit lS for further processing of the data which follows as previously described. To be noted is that this not only permits the use of standard components to accomplish such functions, but also eliminates the need for the injected tone used in connection with other embodiments of the present invention to detect rotary pulse sigDals, eliminating a potential cause for interference within the ~ystem.
Yet another advantage of the system 90 of Figure 10, and the system interface 1'' of Figure 11, is that the relay 93 operates to effectively isolate the cellular-based transmission path 91 from the land-based transmission path 92, providing enhanced isolation within the system. In fact, such isolation will in many cases be sufficient to permit the ~solation/hybrid circuit 10 to be deleted from the system interface, still further simplifying this component.
It will therefore be understood that various changes in the details, materials and arrangement of parts which have been herein described and illustrated in order to explain the nature of this invention may be made by those skilled in the art within the principle and scope of the invention aY expressed in the lS following claims.
Claims (37)
1. A system for interfacing an alarm reporting device which includes means for monitoring an alarm sensor and for pro-viding a signal indicating status conditions of said alarm sensor with a cellular radio transceiver for communicating with an alarm monitoring facility, wherein said system comprises:
means for electrically coupling signals associated with said alarm reporting device and signals associated with said radio transceiver, while simultaneously isolating said alarm reporting device from said radio transceiver;
means for matching signals received from said alarm reporting device to said radio transceivers and means for matching signals received from said radio transceiver to said alarm reporting device; and wherein said system is further connectable to a wired telephone network to place said alarm reporting device in communication with said alarm monitoring facility using said wired telephone network.
means for electrically coupling signals associated with said alarm reporting device and signals associated with said radio transceiver, while simultaneously isolating said alarm reporting device from said radio transceiver;
means for matching signals received from said alarm reporting device to said radio transceivers and means for matching signals received from said radio transceiver to said alarm reporting device; and wherein said system is further connectable to a wired telephone network to place said alarm reporting device in communication with said alarm monitoring facility using said wired telephone network.
2. The system of claim 1 wherein said alarm reporting device includes a control panel for monitoring said alarm sensor and for providing said status indicating signal, and a digital communicator for delivering said status indicating signal to said radio transceiver.
3. The system of claim 2 wherein said digital com-municator operates according to a dual tone multi-frequency signal protocol or a rotary signal protocol.
4. The system of claim 3 wherein said system further includes means for interpreting said status indicating signal irrespective of said protocol.
5. The system of claim 4 wherein said interpreting means comprises:
means for recognizing pulses associated with said status indicating signal;
means communicating with said recognizing means for converting said recognized pulses into a digit in a dialing sequence; and means communicating with said converting means for delivering said dialing sequence to said radio transceiver, to establish communications with said alarm monitoring facility.
means for recognizing pulses associated with said status indicating signal;
means communicating with said recognizing means for converting said recognized pulses into a digit in a dialing sequence; and means communicating with said converting means for delivering said dialing sequence to said radio transceiver, to establish communications with said alarm monitoring facility.
6. The system of claim 5 wherein said protocol is a dual tone multi-frequency signal protocol and said recognizing means is a tone-pair detection means.
7. The system of claim 5 wherein said protocol is a rotary signal protocol and said recognizing means is a rotary pulse detection means.
8. The system of claim 7 wherein said recognizing means comprises:
means for introducing a signal at the output of said alarm reporting device, so that the impedance at said output will vary in accordance with pulses of said rotary signal; and means for monitoring the output of said alarm reporting device, for detecting signal levels resulting from said variations in impedance.
means for introducing a signal at the output of said alarm reporting device, so that the impedance at said output will vary in accordance with pulses of said rotary signal; and means for monitoring the output of said alarm reporting device, for detecting signal levels resulting from said variations in impedance.
9. The system of claim 8 wherein said introduced signal has a frequency of from 10 to 30 kHz.
10. The system of claim 2 wherein said means for matching signals received from said alarm reporting device to said radio transceiver includes means for matching the voltage level and format of said signals received from said alarm reporting device to voltage level and format conditions asso-ciated with said radio transceiver.
11. The system of claim 2 wherein said means for matching signals received from said radio transceiver to said alarm reporting device includes means for matching the voltage level and format of said signals received from said radio transceiver to voltage level and format conditions associated with said alarm reporting device.
12. The system of claim 11 wherein said signals received from said radio transceiver are acknowledgement signals received from said alarm monitoring facility to regulate the delivering of signals from said alarm reporting device.
13. The system of claim 1 wherein said alarm reporting device is sufficiently isolated from said radio transceiver to permit said alarm reporting device to simultaneously communicate with said interfacing system and said radio transceiver J and said wired telephone network.
14. The system of claim 13 wherein said alarm reporting device communicates with said radio transceiver through said interfacing system, and communicates with said wired telephone network through a derived channel device.
15. The system of claim 14 wherein said interfacing system and said derived channel device communicate with a controlling interface which operates said interfacing system and said derived channel unit in accordance with said status indi-cating signal and status conditions of said radio transceiver and said derived channel unit.
16. The system of claim 13 wherein said alarm reporting device is associated with a premises and includes means for supervising functions at said premises responsive to supervisory signals provided by a remote facility for monitoring said premi-ses, and wherein said supervisory signals are received by said alarm reporting device from said wired telephone network.
17. The system of claim 13 wherein said alarm reporting device is associated with a premises and includes means for supervising functions at said premises responsive to supervisory signals provided by a remote facility for monitoring said premi-ses, and wherein said supervisory signals are received by said alarm reporting device from said radio transceiver.
18. The system of claim 17 wherein said interfacing system further includes circuit means for interpreting signals received from the remote facility by said radio transceiver and for providing the received signals to said alarm reporting device.
19. The system of claim 18 wherein said circuit means includes means for recognizing that a call has been placed by said remote facility and means for providing an initiating signal to said alarm reporting device responsive to said recognizing.
20. The system of claim 18 wherein said interpreting means operates irrespective of the protocol of the signals received from said remote facility.
21. The system of claim 1 wherein said alarm reporting device includes a control panel for monitoring said alarm sensor and for providing said status indicating signal, and a digital communicator for delivering a signal to said radio transceiver which includes said status indicating signal preceded by a dialing signal.
22. The system of claim 21 wherein said interfacing system includes means for inhibiting the dialing signal received from said digital communicator, and means for developing a dialing signal for delivery to said radio transceiver, whereby the dialing signal developed by said interfacing system is substituted for the dialing signal developed by said digital communicator.
23. The system of claim 22 wherein said digital com-municator operates according to a specified protocol, and said interfacing system operates irrespective of said protocol.
24. The system of claim 22 wherein said radio transceiver operates according to a specified protocol, and wherein said interfacing system operates according to a protocol which matches the protocol of said radio transceiver.
25. The system of claim 22 wherein said inhibiting means inhibits the dialing signal received from said digital com-municator, but does not inhibit the status indicating signal received from said digital communicator.
26. The system of claim 25 wherein said inhibiting means is responsive to acknowledgement signals received from said radio transceiver.
27. The system of claim 22 wherein said developing means develops said dialing signal responsive to the dialing signal from said digital communicator.
28. The system of claim 27 wherein said developing means comprises memory means for storing a desired telephone number and shift register means for receiving said telephone number from said memory means and for serially delivering said telephone number to said radio transceiver.
29. The system of claim 28 wherein said telephone number is transferred from said memory means to said shift register when said shift register detects the dialing signal from said digital communicator.
30. The system of claim 29 wherein said telephone number is serially delivered from said shift register at a rate which matches a required transmission rate associated with said radio transceiver.
31. The system of claim 30 wherein said radio transceiver operates to transmit said telephone number as it is received from said shift register.
32. The system of claim 1 wherein a relay selectively electrically couples said alarm reporting device with said cellu-lar radio transceiver and said wired telephone network.
33. The system of claim 32 wherein said relay is a two position switch for coupling said alarm reporting device with either said cellular radio transceiver or said wired telephone network.
34. The system of claim 33 wherein said relay normally connects said alarm reporting device with said wired telephone network, isolating said alarm reporting device from said cellular radio transceiver.
35. The system of claim 34 wherein said interfacing system further comprises means for detecting a fault in said wired telephone network and for operating said relay to isolate said alarm reporting device from said wired telephone network and to electrically connect said alarm reporting device with said cellular radio transceiver.
36. The system of claim 35 wherein said fault detecting means is a derived channel device coupling said alarm reporting device with said wired telephone network.
37. The system of claim 35 wherein a telephone is selectively coupled with said wired telephone network by a relay for normally electrically coupling said telephone and said wired telephone network, and for electrically disconnecting said telephone from said wired telephone network when an alarm con-dition is signaled.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
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|---|---|---|---|
| US12964487A | 1987-12-07 | 1987-12-07 | |
| US07/129,644 | 1987-12-07 | ||
| US18304588A | 1988-04-19 | 1988-04-19 | |
| US07/183,045 | 1988-04-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1319955C true CA1319955C (en) | 1993-07-06 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000585279A Expired - Fee Related CA1319955C (en) | 1987-12-07 | 1988-12-07 | System for interfacing an alarm reporting device with a cellular radio transceiver |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US5131019A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0345337A4 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH02502681A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR900701114A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2917489A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1319955C (en) |
| IL (1) | IL88625A0 (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ227231A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1989005553A1 (en) |
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| US4887290A (en) * | 1987-08-05 | 1989-12-12 | Norbert W. Zawacki | Cellular alarm backup system |
-
1988
- 1988-12-06 JP JP1501098A patent/JPH02502681A/en active Pending
- 1988-12-06 WO PCT/US1988/004362 patent/WO1989005553A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1988-12-06 AU AU29174/89A patent/AU2917489A/en active Granted
- 1988-12-06 KR KR1019890701481A patent/KR900701114A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1988-12-06 EP EP19890901156 patent/EP0345337A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1988-12-07 NZ NZ227231A patent/NZ227231A/en unknown
- 1988-12-07 CA CA000585279A patent/CA1319955C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-12-07 IL IL88625A patent/IL88625A0/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1990
- 1990-03-21 US US07/497,782 patent/US5131019A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IL88625A0 (en) | 1989-07-31 |
| US5131019A (en) | 1992-07-14 |
| EP0345337A1 (en) | 1989-12-13 |
| EP0345337A4 (en) | 1991-12-18 |
| AU2917489A (en) | 1989-07-05 |
| NZ227231A (en) | 1991-01-29 |
| JPH02502681A (en) | 1990-08-23 |
| KR900701114A (en) | 1990-08-17 |
| WO1989005553A1 (en) | 1989-06-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |