CA1089781A - Reinforced flexible duct with integral molded liner and machine and methode for making - Google Patents
Reinforced flexible duct with integral molded liner and machine and methode for makingInfo
- Publication number
- CA1089781A CA1089781A CA311,478A CA311478A CA1089781A CA 1089781 A CA1089781 A CA 1089781A CA 311478 A CA311478 A CA 311478A CA 1089781 A CA1089781 A CA 1089781A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- duct
- web
- liner layer
- liner
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
- F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
- F16L11/11—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with corrugated wall
- F16L11/112—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with corrugated wall having reinforcements embedded in the wall
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
- B29C53/56—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally
- B29C53/58—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically
- B29C53/78—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically using profiled sheets or strips
- B29C53/785—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically using profiled sheets or strips with reinforcements
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The reinforced flexible duct consists of a single-or double-ply reinforcing fabric, a wire helix, and a continuous extruded liner. The fabric, wire helix, and extruded liner are continuously helically wound on a mandrel. The freshly extruded liner adheres to itself, to the helically wound wire, and to the reinforcing fabric to form a continuous reinforced flexible duct. Optionally, a narrower continuously extruded and wound scuff strip can be wound over the wire helix.
The reinforced flexible duct consists of a single-or double-ply reinforcing fabric, a wire helix, and a continuous extruded liner. The fabric, wire helix, and extruded liner are continuously helically wound on a mandrel. The freshly extruded liner adheres to itself, to the helically wound wire, and to the reinforcing fabric to form a continuous reinforced flexible duct. Optionally, a narrower continuously extruded and wound scuff strip can be wound over the wire helix.
Description
1~ 7~1 B~Cl~GROIJl~D 01: TEIE IIIVENTIOI~
This invention is directed to a reinforced flexible duct which has a continuous liner, as well as the machine and method for making the flexible duct.
:
There is a considerable body of prior art in flexible ducting or tubing. Single- or double-ply tubes are fabricated of a precoated fabric by winding, together with a wire helix.
The precoated fabric is helically bonded to itself by solvent or adhesive bonding into one integral tube. Single-ply 10 tubing is helically overlapped a single pitch, and the wire is wound into that overlap area to be captured between the coated fabric layers. A similar prior art construction is formed with a wider fabric which is almost two pitches wide so that two layers of fabric over or underlie the wire helix.
Nearly the entire tube has three layers of fabric by this construction. Again, solvent or adhesive bonding is employed.
In both OI these structures, the coating on the fabric is a polymer composition material, such as polyvinyl chloride, which can be solvent-activated to adhere doing hel cal winding.
The fabric is generally nylon, rayon, dacron, cotton, or fiberglass.
.~
In another single-ply construction, during the winding the wire helix is encased with the single ply of fabric.
This i3 accompiished by folding the fabric over the helical wire so that both edges extend in the same direction. Helical winding in the single-ply ~cde causes the area over the wire ~helix to have two layers thereon, with cne fabric layer at Jc notc5 ~ra~e f~
!1 .
.
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`~ ` ~U8~781 some areas therebetween. This type of construction can also be formed in double-ply tubing by providing a wider fabric layer, one of which is almost two pitches wide, so that three layers of fabric are wound over the wire helix. This type of tubing construction also requires bonding with a compatible solvent or adhesive. The coating on the fabric can be either thermo-plastic or elastomeric. Each of these structures has the disadvantage that it has a lap on the internal surface which is exposed to the fluids or solids passing through the duct.
Thus, the duct must be installed with the overlap going with the flow of materials being handled. These laps increases air friction due to the exposed overlap edge. The chemical bonding, either by adhesive or solvent bonding, requires approximately 7 days for the solvent to completely disappear or the adhesive to fully cure so that full peel adhesion strength is achieved.
Furthermore, chemicals wick through the fabric overlap to result in delamination and failure of the duct. The duct has poor abrasion resistance and cannot be used for liquid handling.
There is a poor leakage rate due to the permeability of the material. Thus, there are considerable disadvantages to this design.
I .
.
¦ Another prior art design features sewn construction ¦ with a plastic liner being stitched to a single-ply, coated ` ¦ fabric layer with the helical wire captured between two ¦ rows of stitching. This construction has the disadvantage that the liner flaps are in the air flow and thus can be ¦ installed in only a certain way so that the liner flaps are ¦ directed downstream. This requires that the duct be marked ¦ on the outside. The construction is such that the duct has a 301 poor bend radius and poor flexibility. There is poor external j 3 ,. , ,1 1~)89~81 abrasion resistance, poor tensile strength, poor air friction loss, and since it is made by hand, it is expensive. Furthermore, it can be manu-factured only in limited lengths. Thus, the sewn type of prior art con-struction is also disadvantageous so that there is a need for a reinforced flexible duct with integral molded liner.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In order to aid in the understanding of this invention, it can be stated in essentially summary form that it is directed to a reinforced flexible duct with an integral molded liner, together with a method for making the duct.
The invention provides a duct comprising: a helically wound member defining a pitch; a helically wound internal liner layer in said duct, said liner layer having a width in the axial direction of said duct of at least one pitch length, said liner layer being of polymer composition material; a helically positioned layer of web material externally of at least a portion of said liner material, said web material having a width in the axial direction of said duct of at least one pitch length, said helical member being positioned externally of said web so that said duct is comprised of a continuous inner liner layer and a continuous reinforcing web layer.
The invention also provides the method of making a duct comprising the steps of: providing a mandrel which can be rotated and axially advanced, and rotating the mandrel and axially advancing the mandrel one pitch length for every rotational turn; thermoplastically extruding onto the mandrel a thermoplastic liner film of polymer composition material having a width of at least one pitch length; helically winding onto the thermoplastic film liner layer a web having a width of at least one pitch length; and attaching said web to said liner layer so that said web strengthens said liner layer.
The reinforced flexible duct can be manufactured with an outer layer of polymer composition material and/or helically wound scuff band over a wire helix~ with the entire structure thermoplastically fused together.
1~)8~
The duct is of improved leakage resistance and abrasion resistance, both interiorly and exteriorly, and does not have exposed overlapping structure on the interior surface, providing a smooth bore line, which produces a duct of excellent air flow and a very low air friction loss. The duct has good resistance to chemical attack because the continuous lining prevents wicking of liquids through overlap areas. The liner can be varied to suit the end use application, by providing a liner which is suitable for use with particular chemicals, food handling, abrasion resistance, and the like.
The reinforced flexible duct can be installed in either direction, without regard to fluid flow direction because the interior surface is smooth. The duct does not require chemical bonding or vulcanization and can be manu-factured in long lengths. The duct has excellent external abrasion resistance due to the applicability of cover layers or scuff strips, is lightweight, has considerable flexibility, improved tensile strength, improved burst strength, of improved ply adhesion, and of low cost. -Advantages of this invention will become apparent from a study of the following portion of the specification, the claims, and the attached drawings.
... .
', : : :: ' ' ~ ~ . :
1~8~ 1 DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of a reinforced flexi~le duct with integral molded liner, in accordance with this invention.
FIGURE 2 is a section as seen along the section line of FIGURE 1 wherein the duct is a single-ply reinforced duct with an integral molded liner.
FIGURE 3 is a section as seen generally along the section line of FIGURE 1 of a single-ply reinforced flexible 10 1 duct in accordance with this invention with an integral molded liner and cover.
FIGURE 4 is a view similar to FIGURE 2 further including an integral molded scuff strip.
FIGURE 5 is a view similar to FIGURE 3 further including a molded scuff strip.
FIGURE 6 is a section through a flexible duct, as seen generally along the section line of FIGURE 1, wherein the duct is a double-ply reinforced flexible duct with an integral molded liner.
FIGURE 7 is a view similar to FIGURE 6 showing that type of duct further including a mDlded scuff strip.
, 1 1~ 3'7~3 FIGURE 8 is a schematic view of a machine ~or making the reinforced flexible duct with integral molded liner in accordance with this invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE SHOWN EMBODIMENT
FIGURE i illustrates duct 10 which is a reinforced flexible duct with an integral molded liner in accordance with this invention. FIGURE 1 is a generalized view of the duct which can have several specific constructions, as is I illustrated in FIGURES 2 through 7. These different constructions 10 ¦ are related to the width of the extruded liner layer and the width of the reinforced fabric layer. In each case, the duct is formed on a mandrel 12, see FIGURE 8, which is rotating in a clockwise direction with the duct spiralling toward the viewer, as seen in FIGURE 8. In accordance with this invention, the duct 10 has a continuous thermoplastically molded liner 14 which has an interior surface which is continuous and smooth.
The continuous character of the liner and its lnterior surface is achieved by extruding onto mandrel 12 a continuous thermo-l plastic layer which serves as the duct interior liner and is 20 1 helically inter-wound with the reinforced fabric layer in order to bond all plys into one integral construction. Particular materials that serve as liner 14 are polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, ethylene vinyl acetate, polypropylene, polyethylene, "Kynar" and other similar thermoplastic materials.
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10~!~'7~31 Duct 16 of FIGURE 2 is a single-ply reinforced duct with the integral molded liner. As a first step in making duct 16, liner layer 18 is extruded onto mandrel 12 from leading edge 20 to trailing edge 22. The leading half of liner layer 18 overlies that which has been previously helically wound on the mandrel, but approximately the latter half from about the center to the trailing edge 22 lies directly on the mandrel. After this spiral deposition of the liner material, coated fabric layer 24 is helically wound on. The fabric layer can have a fabric of nylon, polyester, fibreglass, "Kevlar"
cotton, rayon, or other fabric materials. Furthermore, the fabric is coated with a thermoplastic which is compatible with the fabric and is compatible with the liner layer.
Particular fabric coatings include polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, ethylene vinyl acetate, polypropylene, poly-ethylene, "Kynar", and other similar thermoplastics. The coated fabric layer 24 is the reinforcement material of the duct and adds strength to the duct through the strength of the fabric therein. The reinforcement layer 24 is wound from a leading edge 26 which is even with or just ahead of leading edge 20 to trailing edge 28, which is ahead of trailing edge 22.
If the liner layer 18 is not sufficiently tacky as a result of its recent thermoplastic deposition on the mandrel, then solvent can be applied to the coated fabric layer to aid in mutual solvent adhesion between the liner layer and the reinforcement layer. Thus, the reinforcement layer is bonded to the liner layer over its entire length. Since the trailing edge of liner layer 18 extends out from trailing edge 28, then the liner layer is positioned for attachment to and adhesion to the next turn of liner layer 18 as spiral deposition occurs.
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1 ~15J 8~7~1 After reinforcement layer 24 is applied, then helix wire 30 is wound into place on the trailing half of the coated fabric reinforcement layer 24. In this position, it will be next covered with the next helical turn of liner layer 18 and then with the leading half of the next helical turn of the coated fabric reinforcement layer 24. On the exterior of duct 16, the coated fabric reinforcement layers join to make a continuous attached fabric layer. On the interior, the succeeding helix windings of liner layer 18 and adhere and the liner becomes continuous and integral.
..
Defining the helical pitch of helix wire 30 is one pitch, then the width of the coated fabric layer 24 is slightly less than two pitches, while the width of liner layer 18 is slightly more than two pitches.
FIGURE 8 shows a duct-making machine for making a duct with an integral molded liner such as duct 16 shown in FIGURE 2. The machine has a belt mandrel shown schematically at 12 which rotates in the clockwise direction and moves the duct toward the viewer as it is being completed. The duct-making machine is generally indicated at 32. Extruder 34extrudes a wide, thin layer 36 of thermoplastic film onto the mandrel. This film becomes the liner film layer, which is shown as f~lm layer 18 in FIGURE 2. Coated fabric 38 is supplied in the appropriate width from roll 40. Soivent ;s applied to the coated fabric by solvent applicator 40 which can be a perforated ~uide roller supplied from solvent pot 42. After passing around conventional guide rollers, the solvent carrying coated fabric is wound onto the liner layer of film. Its positioning on the film layer has been discussed with respect to the type of duct shown in FIGURE 2 and is described below with l~)B~'7~31 respect to other types of ducts. Coated fabric 38 is the fabric 24 shown in FIGURE 2.
Wire 44 is supplied from wire spool 46 and is guided ¦ into position by guide roller 48 and pressure finger S0 which I accurately locates the wire in both an axial and radial ¦ direction, pressing the wire down onto the fabric. As described above, in the next turn, the liner layer film overlies the wire and joins with the portion of the previous I film helix which is exposed. The liner layer film also overlies 10 ¦ the wire wound in the previous turn and overlies a portion of the fabric. The character of the freshly extruded liner layer ¦ film and the presence of the solvent make for adhesive attachment.
The liner layer film extrusion is fused to itself and the ¦ coated fabric. The result is a very flexible tube with an excellent bend radius and a completely impermeable liner.
~1 .
Duct 52 in FIGURE 3 is of similar construction to duct 16 of FIGURE 2. Duct 52 also has liner layer 54, coated reinforcing fabric layer 56, and helix wire 58. Helix wire 58 is taken as defining the helical pitch. Again, the coated 20 ¦ fabric layer is slightly less than two pitches in width, but in the present duct 52, liner layer 54 is slightly more than ¦ three pitches in width. The leading edge of the film in the turn identified in FIGURE 3 is shown at 60, while the ¦ trailing edge is indicated at 62. At both the leading and trailing edges 60 and 62, layer 54 abuts against another ¦ portion of the liner layer at the next helical turn. Therefore, the entire outer surface, as well as the entire inner suface has l a continuous extruded layer of thermoplastic polymer composition ¦ material. The leading and trailing edges are fused by the 30 ¦ heat from the fresh extrusion, and in addition, there is solvent .. I . , , . ., .
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lVB'3''~8~
applied to the coated fabric reinforcing la~er 56, which I solvent acts to join the extruded layer to the reinforced ¦ layer and also provides enough solvent present at the leading ¦ and trailing edges to achieve solvent bonding there also, should the liner la~er not be sufficiently tacky from the ¦ fresh extrusion process. Thus, duct 52 has a cover over the entire exterior of the tube for additional abrasion resistance.
¦ It has a single ply coated reinforcement with a continuous ¦ extruded liner and cover encasing the helix wire and the 10 ¦ reinforcement fabric therein. The outer cover prevents penetration of water or other fluids during external exposure.
The liner and the cover are fused together forming a homogeneous ' ¦ barrier and a completely impermeable liner.
l , Duct 64 in FIGURE 4 is of the same basic construction as duct 16 in FIGURE 2. However, scuff strip 66 is extruded over the ridge caused by the presence of the helix wire 68 ¦ in duct 64. Scuff strip 66 permits the duct to be dragged along a surface without injury to the duct. Scuff strip 66 ~' I is applied by extruder 70, see FIGURE 8, which extrudes scuff 20 ¦ strip 72 into position. It attaches by thermoplastic tackiness.
¦ FIGURE S shows duct 74 which has the same basic ¦ construction as duct 52 in FIGURE 3. However, duct 74 carries the additional scuff strip 76 positioned over the rib formed ¦ by the presence of the wires in the helix. Like scuff strip 66, ¦ scuff strip 76 is applied by an extruder on a continuous basis ¦ and is adhered to the outer surface of the duct.
I .
~(J8~'~t31 Duct 80 shown in FIGURE 6 is of the same general construction. It has a continuously extruded liner layer 82 which has a width along the direction of the duct axis of slightly more than two pitches of helix wire 84. The winding of liner layer 82 is again such that its trailing edge 86 of the previous helical turn engages intermediate the edges of the latest helical turn. As in the previously described duct construction, the liner layer adheres to itself at these helical edges. Adherence is accomplished either by the character and tackiness of the material as it is freshly extruded and~or by the application of solvent or adhesive. However, these are applied in minimum amounts to permit rapid drying of the structure.
Coated reinforcing fabric layer 88 is about 2-2/3 pitches wide. Its trailing edge 90 is positioned almost even but slightly forward of tràiling edge 86 of the liner layer.
In view of the fact that reinforcing layer 88 is more than
This invention is directed to a reinforced flexible duct which has a continuous liner, as well as the machine and method for making the flexible duct.
:
There is a considerable body of prior art in flexible ducting or tubing. Single- or double-ply tubes are fabricated of a precoated fabric by winding, together with a wire helix.
The precoated fabric is helically bonded to itself by solvent or adhesive bonding into one integral tube. Single-ply 10 tubing is helically overlapped a single pitch, and the wire is wound into that overlap area to be captured between the coated fabric layers. A similar prior art construction is formed with a wider fabric which is almost two pitches wide so that two layers of fabric over or underlie the wire helix.
Nearly the entire tube has three layers of fabric by this construction. Again, solvent or adhesive bonding is employed.
In both OI these structures, the coating on the fabric is a polymer composition material, such as polyvinyl chloride, which can be solvent-activated to adhere doing hel cal winding.
The fabric is generally nylon, rayon, dacron, cotton, or fiberglass.
.~
In another single-ply construction, during the winding the wire helix is encased with the single ply of fabric.
This i3 accompiished by folding the fabric over the helical wire so that both edges extend in the same direction. Helical winding in the single-ply ~cde causes the area over the wire ~helix to have two layers thereon, with cne fabric layer at Jc notc5 ~ra~e f~
!1 .
.
1~`
`~ ` ~U8~781 some areas therebetween. This type of construction can also be formed in double-ply tubing by providing a wider fabric layer, one of which is almost two pitches wide, so that three layers of fabric are wound over the wire helix. This type of tubing construction also requires bonding with a compatible solvent or adhesive. The coating on the fabric can be either thermo-plastic or elastomeric. Each of these structures has the disadvantage that it has a lap on the internal surface which is exposed to the fluids or solids passing through the duct.
Thus, the duct must be installed with the overlap going with the flow of materials being handled. These laps increases air friction due to the exposed overlap edge. The chemical bonding, either by adhesive or solvent bonding, requires approximately 7 days for the solvent to completely disappear or the adhesive to fully cure so that full peel adhesion strength is achieved.
Furthermore, chemicals wick through the fabric overlap to result in delamination and failure of the duct. The duct has poor abrasion resistance and cannot be used for liquid handling.
There is a poor leakage rate due to the permeability of the material. Thus, there are considerable disadvantages to this design.
I .
.
¦ Another prior art design features sewn construction ¦ with a plastic liner being stitched to a single-ply, coated ` ¦ fabric layer with the helical wire captured between two ¦ rows of stitching. This construction has the disadvantage that the liner flaps are in the air flow and thus can be ¦ installed in only a certain way so that the liner flaps are ¦ directed downstream. This requires that the duct be marked ¦ on the outside. The construction is such that the duct has a 301 poor bend radius and poor flexibility. There is poor external j 3 ,. , ,1 1~)89~81 abrasion resistance, poor tensile strength, poor air friction loss, and since it is made by hand, it is expensive. Furthermore, it can be manu-factured only in limited lengths. Thus, the sewn type of prior art con-struction is also disadvantageous so that there is a need for a reinforced flexible duct with integral molded liner.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In order to aid in the understanding of this invention, it can be stated in essentially summary form that it is directed to a reinforced flexible duct with an integral molded liner, together with a method for making the duct.
The invention provides a duct comprising: a helically wound member defining a pitch; a helically wound internal liner layer in said duct, said liner layer having a width in the axial direction of said duct of at least one pitch length, said liner layer being of polymer composition material; a helically positioned layer of web material externally of at least a portion of said liner material, said web material having a width in the axial direction of said duct of at least one pitch length, said helical member being positioned externally of said web so that said duct is comprised of a continuous inner liner layer and a continuous reinforcing web layer.
The invention also provides the method of making a duct comprising the steps of: providing a mandrel which can be rotated and axially advanced, and rotating the mandrel and axially advancing the mandrel one pitch length for every rotational turn; thermoplastically extruding onto the mandrel a thermoplastic liner film of polymer composition material having a width of at least one pitch length; helically winding onto the thermoplastic film liner layer a web having a width of at least one pitch length; and attaching said web to said liner layer so that said web strengthens said liner layer.
The reinforced flexible duct can be manufactured with an outer layer of polymer composition material and/or helically wound scuff band over a wire helix~ with the entire structure thermoplastically fused together.
1~)8~
The duct is of improved leakage resistance and abrasion resistance, both interiorly and exteriorly, and does not have exposed overlapping structure on the interior surface, providing a smooth bore line, which produces a duct of excellent air flow and a very low air friction loss. The duct has good resistance to chemical attack because the continuous lining prevents wicking of liquids through overlap areas. The liner can be varied to suit the end use application, by providing a liner which is suitable for use with particular chemicals, food handling, abrasion resistance, and the like.
The reinforced flexible duct can be installed in either direction, without regard to fluid flow direction because the interior surface is smooth. The duct does not require chemical bonding or vulcanization and can be manu-factured in long lengths. The duct has excellent external abrasion resistance due to the applicability of cover layers or scuff strips, is lightweight, has considerable flexibility, improved tensile strength, improved burst strength, of improved ply adhesion, and of low cost. -Advantages of this invention will become apparent from a study of the following portion of the specification, the claims, and the attached drawings.
... .
', : : :: ' ' ~ ~ . :
1~8~ 1 DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of a reinforced flexi~le duct with integral molded liner, in accordance with this invention.
FIGURE 2 is a section as seen along the section line of FIGURE 1 wherein the duct is a single-ply reinforced duct with an integral molded liner.
FIGURE 3 is a section as seen generally along the section line of FIGURE 1 of a single-ply reinforced flexible 10 1 duct in accordance with this invention with an integral molded liner and cover.
FIGURE 4 is a view similar to FIGURE 2 further including an integral molded scuff strip.
FIGURE 5 is a view similar to FIGURE 3 further including a molded scuff strip.
FIGURE 6 is a section through a flexible duct, as seen generally along the section line of FIGURE 1, wherein the duct is a double-ply reinforced flexible duct with an integral molded liner.
FIGURE 7 is a view similar to FIGURE 6 showing that type of duct further including a mDlded scuff strip.
, 1 1~ 3'7~3 FIGURE 8 is a schematic view of a machine ~or making the reinforced flexible duct with integral molded liner in accordance with this invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE SHOWN EMBODIMENT
FIGURE i illustrates duct 10 which is a reinforced flexible duct with an integral molded liner in accordance with this invention. FIGURE 1 is a generalized view of the duct which can have several specific constructions, as is I illustrated in FIGURES 2 through 7. These different constructions 10 ¦ are related to the width of the extruded liner layer and the width of the reinforced fabric layer. In each case, the duct is formed on a mandrel 12, see FIGURE 8, which is rotating in a clockwise direction with the duct spiralling toward the viewer, as seen in FIGURE 8. In accordance with this invention, the duct 10 has a continuous thermoplastically molded liner 14 which has an interior surface which is continuous and smooth.
The continuous character of the liner and its lnterior surface is achieved by extruding onto mandrel 12 a continuous thermo-l plastic layer which serves as the duct interior liner and is 20 1 helically inter-wound with the reinforced fabric layer in order to bond all plys into one integral construction. Particular materials that serve as liner 14 are polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, ethylene vinyl acetate, polypropylene, polyethylene, "Kynar" and other similar thermoplastic materials.
¦ 31t den~tc~ JQr~
~ .
10~!~'7~31 Duct 16 of FIGURE 2 is a single-ply reinforced duct with the integral molded liner. As a first step in making duct 16, liner layer 18 is extruded onto mandrel 12 from leading edge 20 to trailing edge 22. The leading half of liner layer 18 overlies that which has been previously helically wound on the mandrel, but approximately the latter half from about the center to the trailing edge 22 lies directly on the mandrel. After this spiral deposition of the liner material, coated fabric layer 24 is helically wound on. The fabric layer can have a fabric of nylon, polyester, fibreglass, "Kevlar"
cotton, rayon, or other fabric materials. Furthermore, the fabric is coated with a thermoplastic which is compatible with the fabric and is compatible with the liner layer.
Particular fabric coatings include polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, ethylene vinyl acetate, polypropylene, poly-ethylene, "Kynar", and other similar thermoplastics. The coated fabric layer 24 is the reinforcement material of the duct and adds strength to the duct through the strength of the fabric therein. The reinforcement layer 24 is wound from a leading edge 26 which is even with or just ahead of leading edge 20 to trailing edge 28, which is ahead of trailing edge 22.
If the liner layer 18 is not sufficiently tacky as a result of its recent thermoplastic deposition on the mandrel, then solvent can be applied to the coated fabric layer to aid in mutual solvent adhesion between the liner layer and the reinforcement layer. Thus, the reinforcement layer is bonded to the liner layer over its entire length. Since the trailing edge of liner layer 18 extends out from trailing edge 28, then the liner layer is positioned for attachment to and adhesion to the next turn of liner layer 18 as spiral deposition occurs.
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1 ~15J 8~7~1 After reinforcement layer 24 is applied, then helix wire 30 is wound into place on the trailing half of the coated fabric reinforcement layer 24. In this position, it will be next covered with the next helical turn of liner layer 18 and then with the leading half of the next helical turn of the coated fabric reinforcement layer 24. On the exterior of duct 16, the coated fabric reinforcement layers join to make a continuous attached fabric layer. On the interior, the succeeding helix windings of liner layer 18 and adhere and the liner becomes continuous and integral.
..
Defining the helical pitch of helix wire 30 is one pitch, then the width of the coated fabric layer 24 is slightly less than two pitches, while the width of liner layer 18 is slightly more than two pitches.
FIGURE 8 shows a duct-making machine for making a duct with an integral molded liner such as duct 16 shown in FIGURE 2. The machine has a belt mandrel shown schematically at 12 which rotates in the clockwise direction and moves the duct toward the viewer as it is being completed. The duct-making machine is generally indicated at 32. Extruder 34extrudes a wide, thin layer 36 of thermoplastic film onto the mandrel. This film becomes the liner film layer, which is shown as f~lm layer 18 in FIGURE 2. Coated fabric 38 is supplied in the appropriate width from roll 40. Soivent ;s applied to the coated fabric by solvent applicator 40 which can be a perforated ~uide roller supplied from solvent pot 42. After passing around conventional guide rollers, the solvent carrying coated fabric is wound onto the liner layer of film. Its positioning on the film layer has been discussed with respect to the type of duct shown in FIGURE 2 and is described below with l~)B~'7~31 respect to other types of ducts. Coated fabric 38 is the fabric 24 shown in FIGURE 2.
Wire 44 is supplied from wire spool 46 and is guided ¦ into position by guide roller 48 and pressure finger S0 which I accurately locates the wire in both an axial and radial ¦ direction, pressing the wire down onto the fabric. As described above, in the next turn, the liner layer film overlies the wire and joins with the portion of the previous I film helix which is exposed. The liner layer film also overlies 10 ¦ the wire wound in the previous turn and overlies a portion of the fabric. The character of the freshly extruded liner layer ¦ film and the presence of the solvent make for adhesive attachment.
The liner layer film extrusion is fused to itself and the ¦ coated fabric. The result is a very flexible tube with an excellent bend radius and a completely impermeable liner.
~1 .
Duct 52 in FIGURE 3 is of similar construction to duct 16 of FIGURE 2. Duct 52 also has liner layer 54, coated reinforcing fabric layer 56, and helix wire 58. Helix wire 58 is taken as defining the helical pitch. Again, the coated 20 ¦ fabric layer is slightly less than two pitches in width, but in the present duct 52, liner layer 54 is slightly more than ¦ three pitches in width. The leading edge of the film in the turn identified in FIGURE 3 is shown at 60, while the ¦ trailing edge is indicated at 62. At both the leading and trailing edges 60 and 62, layer 54 abuts against another ¦ portion of the liner layer at the next helical turn. Therefore, the entire outer surface, as well as the entire inner suface has l a continuous extruded layer of thermoplastic polymer composition ¦ material. The leading and trailing edges are fused by the 30 ¦ heat from the fresh extrusion, and in addition, there is solvent .. I . , , . ., .
"
lVB'3''~8~
applied to the coated fabric reinforcing la~er 56, which I solvent acts to join the extruded layer to the reinforced ¦ layer and also provides enough solvent present at the leading ¦ and trailing edges to achieve solvent bonding there also, should the liner la~er not be sufficiently tacky from the ¦ fresh extrusion process. Thus, duct 52 has a cover over the entire exterior of the tube for additional abrasion resistance.
¦ It has a single ply coated reinforcement with a continuous ¦ extruded liner and cover encasing the helix wire and the 10 ¦ reinforcement fabric therein. The outer cover prevents penetration of water or other fluids during external exposure.
The liner and the cover are fused together forming a homogeneous ' ¦ barrier and a completely impermeable liner.
l , Duct 64 in FIGURE 4 is of the same basic construction as duct 16 in FIGURE 2. However, scuff strip 66 is extruded over the ridge caused by the presence of the helix wire 68 ¦ in duct 64. Scuff strip 66 permits the duct to be dragged along a surface without injury to the duct. Scuff strip 66 ~' I is applied by extruder 70, see FIGURE 8, which extrudes scuff 20 ¦ strip 72 into position. It attaches by thermoplastic tackiness.
¦ FIGURE S shows duct 74 which has the same basic ¦ construction as duct 52 in FIGURE 3. However, duct 74 carries the additional scuff strip 76 positioned over the rib formed ¦ by the presence of the wires in the helix. Like scuff strip 66, ¦ scuff strip 76 is applied by an extruder on a continuous basis ¦ and is adhered to the outer surface of the duct.
I .
~(J8~'~t31 Duct 80 shown in FIGURE 6 is of the same general construction. It has a continuously extruded liner layer 82 which has a width along the direction of the duct axis of slightly more than two pitches of helix wire 84. The winding of liner layer 82 is again such that its trailing edge 86 of the previous helical turn engages intermediate the edges of the latest helical turn. As in the previously described duct construction, the liner layer adheres to itself at these helical edges. Adherence is accomplished either by the character and tackiness of the material as it is freshly extruded and~or by the application of solvent or adhesive. However, these are applied in minimum amounts to permit rapid drying of the structure.
Coated reinforcing fabric layer 88 is about 2-2/3 pitches wide. Its trailing edge 90 is positioned almost even but slightly forward of tràiling edge 86 of the liner layer.
In view of the fact that reinforcing layer 88 is more than
2 pitches in width, then there are at least two sets of reinforcing fabric layers at any point in the wall of the duct.
Leading edge 92 is forward of the helix wire 84 two helical turns in the leading direction. This results in two layers of the fabric over each of the helix wires. The result is two piles of the coated reinforcement fabric throughout the entire duct, a wire helix, and a continuous bonded polymer composition liner. The two-ply reinforcement increases the burst strength pressure and tensile properties. The duct is still flexible, but somewhat stiffer than the single-ply construction. Duct 80 also has improved puncture resistance.
; - ' : . ' . . ' ' : ' -
Leading edge 92 is forward of the helix wire 84 two helical turns in the leading direction. This results in two layers of the fabric over each of the helix wires. The result is two piles of the coated reinforcement fabric throughout the entire duct, a wire helix, and a continuous bonded polymer composition liner. The two-ply reinforcement increases the burst strength pressure and tensile properties. The duct is still flexible, but somewhat stiffer than the single-ply construction. Duct 80 also has improved puncture resistance.
; - ' : . ' . . ' ' : ' -
3'7~1 puct 94 is of the same two reinforcing fabric ply construction as the duct 80, but it additionally has scuff strip 96 continuously extruded and adhesively attached over the ridges formed by the helix wire.
In every case, the duct is produced by proper control of the width of the reinforcement fabric and the width of the extruded polymer composition liner layer, together with their correct widthwise positioning with respect to each other in ; the axial direction of the duct. The liner layer must be at 10 least one pitch in width. The trailing edge of the extruded liner layer must not be completely covered by the fabric, but must be exposed at the edge so that, when the next helical layer of the liner material is wound on, then the successive windings of that layer lie against each other so that they can fuse together, with or without the aid of a solvent adhesive. The polymer composition material extruded into the liner layer as well as the coating on the fabric and any solvent adhesive used must be mutually compatible so that adhesion exists between the liner layer and the reinforced fabric layer. ~he 20 ~ same considerations apply to the application of the scuff strip, which must adhere to the outer surface of the duct by adhesion which results from solvent adhesive or by the tackiness of the scuff strip as it is extruded into place.
¦ As the continuous extrusion and helical winding of the duct take place, it is cut to desired length. ~he result l is a continuous extruded liner fused and adhered to the coated ¦ fabric to form an impervious barrier. The liner barrier prevents 30 ¦ leakage through the duct wall. It also provides excellent ¦ abrasion resistance on the interior which exposed to solid ~ abrasive materials carried in the fluid stream. The smooth I 1~ 1 ., bore liner construction provides very low air friction loss and excellent air flow. The absence of exposed overlap surfaces on the interior of the tube permit the duct to be installed in either direction without regard to the direction of fluid flow. In view of the selectibility of the liner material, it ¦can be selected ~or use with different materials to be conveyed, including different chemicals, food types and materials with abrasive characteristics. The employment of a cover or scuff strip improves the external abrasion resistance characteristics.
10 1 The continuous manufacturing process makes for a lower cost construction in which chemical bonding and/or vulcanization is not required. It can be manufactured in long lengths, depending upon the capability of handling the output product. The continuous character of the manufacturing improves ply adhesion by employment of a minimum of solvent adhesives, by reason of the fresh extrusion of the liner layer. This permits prompt discharge of the solvent and early strength.
The particular design incorporating the continuous extruded liner results in a lightweight, flexible stock of improved tensile strength and improved burst strength. The result is a duct of superior characteristics.
This invention having been described ln its preferred embodiment, it is clear that it is susceptible to numerous modifications and embodiments within the ability of those skilled in the art and without the exercise of the inventive faculty. Accordingly, the scope of this invention is defined -by the scope of the following claims.
.
In every case, the duct is produced by proper control of the width of the reinforcement fabric and the width of the extruded polymer composition liner layer, together with their correct widthwise positioning with respect to each other in ; the axial direction of the duct. The liner layer must be at 10 least one pitch in width. The trailing edge of the extruded liner layer must not be completely covered by the fabric, but must be exposed at the edge so that, when the next helical layer of the liner material is wound on, then the successive windings of that layer lie against each other so that they can fuse together, with or without the aid of a solvent adhesive. The polymer composition material extruded into the liner layer as well as the coating on the fabric and any solvent adhesive used must be mutually compatible so that adhesion exists between the liner layer and the reinforced fabric layer. ~he 20 ~ same considerations apply to the application of the scuff strip, which must adhere to the outer surface of the duct by adhesion which results from solvent adhesive or by the tackiness of the scuff strip as it is extruded into place.
¦ As the continuous extrusion and helical winding of the duct take place, it is cut to desired length. ~he result l is a continuous extruded liner fused and adhered to the coated ¦ fabric to form an impervious barrier. The liner barrier prevents 30 ¦ leakage through the duct wall. It also provides excellent ¦ abrasion resistance on the interior which exposed to solid ~ abrasive materials carried in the fluid stream. The smooth I 1~ 1 ., bore liner construction provides very low air friction loss and excellent air flow. The absence of exposed overlap surfaces on the interior of the tube permit the duct to be installed in either direction without regard to the direction of fluid flow. In view of the selectibility of the liner material, it ¦can be selected ~or use with different materials to be conveyed, including different chemicals, food types and materials with abrasive characteristics. The employment of a cover or scuff strip improves the external abrasion resistance characteristics.
10 1 The continuous manufacturing process makes for a lower cost construction in which chemical bonding and/or vulcanization is not required. It can be manufactured in long lengths, depending upon the capability of handling the output product. The continuous character of the manufacturing improves ply adhesion by employment of a minimum of solvent adhesives, by reason of the fresh extrusion of the liner layer. This permits prompt discharge of the solvent and early strength.
The particular design incorporating the continuous extruded liner results in a lightweight, flexible stock of improved tensile strength and improved burst strength. The result is a duct of superior characteristics.
This invention having been described ln its preferred embodiment, it is clear that it is susceptible to numerous modifications and embodiments within the ability of those skilled in the art and without the exercise of the inventive faculty. Accordingly, the scope of this invention is defined -by the scope of the following claims.
.
Claims (17)
1. A duct comprising:
a helically wound member defining a pitch;
a helically wound internal liner layer in said duct, said liner layer having a width in the axial direction of said duct of at least one pitch length, said liner layer being of polymer composition material;
a helically positioned layer of web material externally of at least a portion of said liner material, said web material having a width in the axial direction of said duct of at least one pitch length, said helical member being positioned externally of said web so that said duct is comprised of a continuous inner liner layer and a continuous reinforcing web layer.
a helically wound member defining a pitch;
a helically wound internal liner layer in said duct, said liner layer having a width in the axial direction of said duct of at least one pitch length, said liner layer being of polymer composition material;
a helically positioned layer of web material externally of at least a portion of said liner material, said web material having a width in the axial direction of said duct of at least one pitch length, said helical member being positioned externally of said web so that said duct is comprised of a continuous inner liner layer and a continuous reinforcing web layer.
2. The duct of Claim 1 wherein the width of said liner layer and the width of said web are each more than one pitch length and said liner layer is positioned between over-lapping portions of said web.
3. The duct of Claim 2 wherein the width of said liner layer is at least two pitches so that said liner layer acts as an interior liner for one pitch and said liner layer lies between layers of said web for substantially one pitch.
4. The duct of Claim 2 wherein said liner layer is two pitches in width greater than the width of said web and said liner layer is positioned to form both a continuous inner liner and a continuous exterior cover for said duct, with said web lying between successive helical turns of said liner layer.
5. The duct of Claim 1 wherein said liner layer is a thermoplastic polymer composition material and said web is at least coated with an adhesively compatible polymer composi-tion material, said liner layer and said web being adhesively attached to each other.
6. The duct of Claim 3 wherein said liner layer is a thermoplastic polymer composition material and said web is at least coated with an adhesively compatible polymer composition material, said liner layer and said web being adhesively attached to each other.
7. The duct of Claim 4 wherein said liner layer is a thermoplastic polymer composition material and said web is at least coated with an adhesively compatible polymer compo-sition material, said liner layer and said web being adhesively attached to each other.
8. The duct of Claim 7 further including a helically positioned thermoplastic scuff strip positioned over said helical member.
9. The duct of Claim 3 further including a helically positioned thermoplastic scuff strip positioned over said helical member.
10. The duct of Claim 9 wherein said helical member is a metallic spring wire.
11. The duct of Claim 1 wherein said helical member is a metallic spring wire.
12. The method of making a duct comprising the steps of:
providing a mandrel which can be rotated and axially advanced, and rotating the mandrel and axially advancing the mandrel one pitch length for every rotational turn;
thermoplastically extruding onto the mandrel a thermo-plastic liner film of polymer composition material having a width of at least one pitch length;
helically winding onto the thermoplastic film liner layer a web having a width of at least one pitch length; and attaching said web to said liner layer so that said web strengthens said liner layer.
providing a mandrel which can be rotated and axially advanced, and rotating the mandrel and axially advancing the mandrel one pitch length for every rotational turn;
thermoplastically extruding onto the mandrel a thermo-plastic liner film of polymer composition material having a width of at least one pitch length;
helically winding onto the thermoplastic film liner layer a web having a width of at least one pitch length; and attaching said web to said liner layer so that said web strengthens said liner layer.
13. The method of claim 12 further including the step of winding a helical member onto said web.
14. The method of Claim 13 wherein said extrusion step comprises extruding a liner film of greater width than one pitch length so that the liner film is wound onto the mandrel and partly onto at least a portion of the previously would web.
15. The method of Claim 14 further including the step of extruding a scruff strip onto the exterior of the duct following the winding on of the web layer and following the winding on of the helical member onto a position of the duct over the helical member to provide scruff resistance to the duct.
16. The method of Claim 12 further including the previous step of coating the web with thermoplastic polymer composition material adhesive-ly compatible with the extruded liner layer to enhance adhesive attachment between the web and the liner layer.
17. The method of Claim 16 further including the step of applying a solvent adhesive to the coated web layer prior to its winding onto the man-drel on the liner layer so that adhesive attachment is enhanced.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/834,165 US4196755A (en) | 1977-09-19 | 1977-09-19 | Reinforced flexible duct with integral molded liner |
| US834,165 | 1977-09-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1089781A true CA1089781A (en) | 1980-11-18 |
Family
ID=25266263
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA311,478A Expired CA1089781A (en) | 1977-09-19 | 1978-09-18 | Reinforced flexible duct with integral molded liner and machine and methode for making |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4196755A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5456679A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1089781A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2004618B (en) |
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| DE3214447C2 (en) * | 1982-04-20 | 1994-05-11 | Eilentropp Hew Kabel | Unsintered wrapping tape of polytetrafluoroethylene |
| DE3507732A1 (en) * | 1985-03-05 | 1986-09-18 | Dyckerhoff & Widmann AG, 8000 München | TIE LINK FOR A ROCK BOLT OR THE LIKE |
| US4957792A (en) * | 1987-11-09 | 1990-09-18 | Toyo Tire & Rubber Co., Ltd. | Self-molding hose and a continuous vulcanization method |
| US5284185A (en) * | 1988-12-27 | 1994-02-08 | Shiro Kanao | Pressure-resistant helical corrugated pipe and method of producing same |
| JPH0658158B2 (en) * | 1988-12-27 | 1994-08-03 | 史朗 金尾 | Pressure resistant spiral corrugated tube |
| US5062457A (en) * | 1989-05-05 | 1991-11-05 | Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation | Corrugated air hose assembly |
| US5108189A (en) * | 1990-09-19 | 1992-04-28 | Fred Oswald | Vibrator and related method |
| CA2051722A1 (en) * | 1990-12-12 | 1992-06-13 | William R. Gray | Flexible duct |
| AU3666993A (en) * | 1992-02-13 | 1993-09-03 | Navarre Biomedical, Ltd. | Kink resistant tubing apparatus |
| US5556199A (en) * | 1994-12-14 | 1996-09-17 | Oswald; Fred | Vibrator with covering and related method |
| US5876023A (en) * | 1996-09-18 | 1999-03-02 | Lord Corporation | Vibration isolation insert for aircraft floor planels and the like |
| JP3304049B2 (en) * | 1997-02-17 | 2002-07-22 | タイガースポリマー株式会社 | Flexible hose |
| US5915736A (en) * | 1997-07-18 | 1999-06-29 | Thomas & Betts International, Inc. | Integrally formed whip assembly for electrically interconnecting electrical appliances to a power source |
| US6165196A (en) * | 1997-09-26 | 2000-12-26 | Corvascular Surgical Systems, Inc. | Perfusion-occlusion apparatus |
| FR2775049B1 (en) * | 1998-02-17 | 2000-03-31 | Westaflex Automobile | PIPE FOR TRANSPORTING GASEOUS FLUID, PARTICULARLY IN MOTOR VEHICLES, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME |
| US6158477A (en) * | 1998-12-18 | 2000-12-12 | Flexible Technologies, Inc. | Flexible duct and method of making same |
| US7279438B1 (en) | 1999-02-02 | 2007-10-09 | Certainteed Corporation | Coated insulation board or batt |
| JP4545262B2 (en) * | 1999-12-27 | 2010-09-15 | カナフレックスコーポレーション株式会社 | Insulated hose |
| US7220470B2 (en) * | 2001-02-20 | 2007-05-22 | Certainteed Corporation | Moisture repellent air duct products |
| US6769455B2 (en) | 2001-02-20 | 2004-08-03 | Certainteed Corporation | Moisture repellent air duct products |
| WO2003010459A1 (en) * | 2001-07-24 | 2003-02-06 | In Seon Jeong | Spiral hose using polyethylene |
| US6827109B2 (en) * | 2002-03-25 | 2004-12-07 | Salem-Republic Rubber Company | Flexible hose and method of manufacture |
| US7223455B2 (en) * | 2003-01-14 | 2007-05-29 | Certainteed Corporation | Duct board with water repellant mat |
| CN100457430C (en) * | 2003-05-30 | 2009-02-04 | 陈伟明 | Producing process for container body with seamless continuous extruding plastic wind |
| US7459205B2 (en) * | 2003-09-05 | 2008-12-02 | Flexmaster Co. Ltd. | Reinforcing net |
| US20070175533A1 (en) * | 2003-09-09 | 2007-08-02 | Herron Roy H Jr | Method and layering for convoluted hose |
| US20050076632A1 (en) * | 2003-10-14 | 2005-04-14 | Tsu-Ming Huang | Method for manufacturing anti-bacteria yarns and anti-bacteria yarns made from the method |
| US20050098255A1 (en) * | 2003-11-06 | 2005-05-12 | Lembo Michael J. | Insulation product having nonwoven facing and process for making same |
| US6986367B2 (en) * | 2003-11-20 | 2006-01-17 | Certainteed Corporation | Faced mineral fiber insulation board with integral glass fabric layer |
| US7766050B2 (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2010-08-03 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Conduit and method of forming |
| CN100453718C (en) * | 2003-12-03 | 2009-01-21 | 黄祖明 | Preparation method of water absorbent yarn and its product |
| US7476427B2 (en) * | 2004-03-11 | 2009-01-13 | Certainteed Corporation | Faced fiberglass board with improved surface toughness |
| US20060019568A1 (en) * | 2004-07-26 | 2006-01-26 | Toas Murray S | Insulation board with air/rain barrier covering and water-repellent covering |
| US20050221061A1 (en) * | 2004-04-02 | 2005-10-06 | Toas Murray S | Method and apparatus for forming shiplap edge in air duct board using molding and machining |
| US20050218655A1 (en) * | 2004-04-02 | 2005-10-06 | Certain Teed Corporation | Duct board with adhesive coated shiplap tab |
| US20060078699A1 (en) * | 2004-10-12 | 2006-04-13 | Mankell Kurt O | Insulation board with weather and puncture resistant facing and method of manufacturing the same |
| US20060083889A1 (en) * | 2004-10-19 | 2006-04-20 | Schuckers Douglass S | Laminated duct board |
| KR100692492B1 (en) * | 2006-02-15 | 2007-03-13 | 그린폴리텍(주) | Apparatus for manufacturing pipe with multi-layer wall |
| WO2007094629A1 (en) * | 2006-02-15 | 2007-08-23 | Green Polytech Co., Ltd. | Apparatus and method for manufacturing pipe with multi-layer wall |
| JP5044576B2 (en) * | 2006-03-09 | 2012-10-10 | セキスイ リブ ロック オーストラリア プロプライエタリー リミテッド | Method and apparatus for stabilizing a strip during winding |
| US7946311B2 (en) * | 2007-02-01 | 2011-05-24 | Hobart Brorthers Company | Robust preconditioned air hose |
| US9669593B2 (en) * | 2007-06-14 | 2017-06-06 | The Boeing Company | Light weight thermoplastic flex foam and hybrid duct system |
| US8285127B2 (en) | 2007-09-05 | 2012-10-09 | Tpi Corporation | In-line duct supplemental heating and cooling device and method |
| JP5542354B2 (en) * | 2009-03-18 | 2014-07-09 | タイガースポリマー株式会社 | Flexible reinforcement hose |
| GB2472070A (en) * | 2009-07-23 | 2011-01-26 | Dyson Technology Ltd | A flexible hose |
| GB2472069A (en) * | 2009-07-23 | 2011-01-26 | Dyson Technology Ltd | A flexible hose made of rip-stop fabric |
| WO2012106325A1 (en) | 2011-01-31 | 2012-08-09 | Oztec Industries, Inc. | Concrete vibrator head |
| GB2496137B (en) * | 2011-11-01 | 2015-09-02 | Iti Scotland Ltd | Tubular bodies and methods of forming same |
| DE102013109362B4 (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2018-07-26 | NORRES Beteiligungs-GmbH | Plastic tube with fabric reinforcement |
| DE102016109070A1 (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2017-11-23 | HÜBNER GmbH & Co. KG | Multilayer sheet comprising at least one textile fabric, transition element comprising such a multilayer sheet, and vehicle, passenger boarding bridge or staircase with such a transition element |
| EP3825593B1 (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2022-03-09 | Schauenburg Ruhrkunststoff GmbH | Flexible hose and method for manufacturing same |
| US20220048634A1 (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2022-02-17 | Goodrich Corporation | Gasper extension for reduced disease transmission |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1974285A (en) * | 1933-03-06 | 1934-09-18 | Goodrich Co B F | Hose and method of making the same |
| US2748805A (en) * | 1953-03-02 | 1956-06-05 | Hedwin Corp | Reinforced spiral plastic pipe |
| US2884957A (en) * | 1956-02-13 | 1959-05-05 | Gen Motors Corp | Flexible tubing |
| US3275038A (en) * | 1959-06-26 | 1966-09-27 | Fred T Roberts & Company | Reinforced helically corrugated flexible hose |
| US3047026A (en) * | 1959-09-23 | 1962-07-31 | Acme Hamilton Mfg Corp | Flexible hose |
| US3554237A (en) * | 1968-03-29 | 1971-01-12 | Callahan Mining Corp | Insulated wire-reinforced flexible hose |
| US3548882A (en) * | 1969-03-12 | 1970-12-22 | Goodrich Co B F | Flexible hose |
| DE2331643C3 (en) * | 1972-06-24 | 1975-10-09 | Mitsubishi Petrochemical Co., Ltd., Tokio | Hose, especially heat protection hose |
-
1977
- 1977-09-19 US US05/834,165 patent/US4196755A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1978
- 1978-09-12 GB GB7836557A patent/GB2004618B/en not_active Expired
- 1978-09-18 CA CA311,478A patent/CA1089781A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-09-19 JP JP11501978A patent/JPS5456679A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2004618A (en) | 1979-04-04 |
| US4196755A (en) | 1980-04-08 |
| JPS5456679A (en) | 1979-05-07 |
| GB2004618B (en) | 1982-06-23 |
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