CA1049087A - Miniature ink jet nozzle - Google Patents
Miniature ink jet nozzleInfo
- Publication number
- CA1049087A CA1049087A CA75238407A CA238407A CA1049087A CA 1049087 A CA1049087 A CA 1049087A CA 75238407 A CA75238407 A CA 75238407A CA 238407 A CA238407 A CA 238407A CA 1049087 A CA1049087 A CA 1049087A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- nozzle
- ink
- frequency
- variations
- writing system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/135—Nozzles
- B41J2/14—Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads
- B41J2/14201—Structure of print heads with piezoelectric elements
- B41J2/1429—Structure of print heads with piezoelectric elements of tubular type
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Abstract
MINIATURE INK JET NOZZLE
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
In an ink drop writing system a vibrating nozzle is used to form drops which are thereafter deflected electro-statically whereby characters or wave forms are written on paper by the deflected drops. In order to minimize the variations in drive voltage requirements for the transducer that vibrates the nozzle, caused by changes in ink parameters which cause variations in the velocity of sound through the ink that is used, and in order to minimize variations in the drop separation time from the ink stream, with drive frequency variations, the length of the nozzle is selected so that its mechanical resonance frequency is very much higher than the frequency at which the nozzle is used.
As a result, the length of the nozzle is considerably shorter than the nozzle lengths which have been used heretofore.
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
In an ink drop writing system a vibrating nozzle is used to form drops which are thereafter deflected electro-statically whereby characters or wave forms are written on paper by the deflected drops. In order to minimize the variations in drive voltage requirements for the transducer that vibrates the nozzle, caused by changes in ink parameters which cause variations in the velocity of sound through the ink that is used, and in order to minimize variations in the drop separation time from the ink stream, with drive frequency variations, the length of the nozzle is selected so that its mechanical resonance frequency is very much higher than the frequency at which the nozzle is used.
As a result, the length of the nozzle is considerably shorter than the nozzle lengths which have been used heretofore.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION -~
This invention relates to ink drop printing systems and more particularly to a me-thod and means of making an improved nozzle to be used therein. ~
In a Patent No. 3,683,396, there is described a ~ -method and means for designing a nozzle for an ink d~op writing system. It was shown that in order to insure a most efficient -transfer of power from the driving source into the drop forming mechanism, the nozzle had to be designed to provide a fluid ~ ~`
resonance condition. If the nozzle is consldered as a closed ~ `
, ~ .
' -~: `
: :
` 7~/223 10490~7 pipe, the frequency of vibration of. the fluid in the pipe a-t wh;ch.its length is an odd multiple'of a quarter ~ave'length of sound through the'f.luid in the'pipe is the fluid resonance length and at this length results in the highest- power transfer.
The mechanical resonance frequency of the'pipe turns out to be close to the fluid res'onance frequency.
In order to stabilize the drop forming process~ the variations in drive voltage requiremen-ts for the -transducer that vibrates the nozzle for drop formation 7 must be minimized. .
Varia-tions in drive voltage'requirements occur usually due to '~
variations in the acoustic coupling between -the transducer and the fluid. Most nozzles make use of resonating fluid columns '.
in order to couple energy in-to -the fluid, but this method falters when ~'luid parame-ters change (such as temperature concentra-tion, veloci.ty of sound).
When a nozzle is designed to have a length at which fluid resonance occurs, it has been found that changes in the ~: : composition or temperature of the fluid -throws -the nozzle out of fluid resonance, thereby causing a considerable increase '? in the driving power required and also to a certain extent altering the loca-tion a-t which drop separation from the ink '~ stream occurs. This latter phenomenon can be slgnificant :~
since it is necessary to apply a charge to the drops at the loca-tion at which drop separa-tion from.-the ink stream takes ' 25 place.
In a Patent No. 3,771~568, i-t was shown that where ink is recirculated, in order to maintaln -the des'ired flui.d, resonance, i-t was necessary -to. compensate for the''e~fects of evapora-tion on -the ink'parameters.
When the composition and -temperature o~ the ink is _ 2 - ...
'~ :10490~37 controlled so that fluid resonance is maintained substantially constant, no problems are encountered. However, it has been found that this is easier said than done. Users o$ the equipment may purchase their ink supplies from dif-ferent manufacturers and therefore the fluid resonance of the nozzle which has been designed for an ink for one particular type of manufacturer is not suitable for ink of another manufacturer. Unused ink drops which are fed -back into a reservoir supplying ink to the nozzle may not be compensated for -~
the effects of evaporation as effectively as they should be. As indicated, this can adversely affect the operation of the ink drop writing system.
OBJECTS AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION ~ -~
An object of this invention is to provide a nozzle for an ink drop writing system with a construction which renders it substantially insensitive to the velocity of sound changes in ink.
Another object of this invention is the provision of a nozzle whose performance is substantially unchanged despite the changing ink parameters.
Yet another object of this invention is the provision of an improved construction for a nozzle used in an ink jet printing system.
According to one aspect of the invention there is provided a nozzle ~ -for an ink drop writing system having a mechanical resonance frequency which is at least 1.5 times higher than the frequency of operation of the system and a fundamental fluid resonance frequency which is at least 1.06 times higher than the frequency of operation of the system.
Acccording to another aspect of the invention there is provided a nozzle for an ink drop writing system having mechanical resonance frequency which is greater than the frequency of operation of the system and, for a predetermined range of operating frequencies, the ratio of change in drive voltage required to accommodate a change in operating frequency does not exceed one volt per kilohertz.
.
. ' . .
The invention will best be understood from the follow-ing description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. ~
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF T~F. DRAWIN&S :
Figure 1 is a graph illustrating the variations in drive voltages required versus nozzle frequency response for both the "standard" nozzle and nozzles made in accordance with this invention.
Figure 2 is a cross sectional view of a nozzle made in accordance with this invention.
''~' ;; ' ~ , ~ .
.
:
.
. .
7L~/223 DESCRIPTIO~ OF THE PREFERRED E~BODIMENT
In ~igure 1, -the curve 10 represents -the drive vol-tage required over a range of frequencies from 50 -to 145 KHz for a nozzle having dimensîons in accordance with this invention. By way of illustration~ the dimensions of the nozzle in accordance with -this invention are selec-ted to provide a first or fundamen-tal fluid resonance at 70KHz. A
third harmonic is well above 150KHz. Mechanical resonance will fall a-t about 250KHz. The curve 12, 14 represents a curve derived from a standard nozzle which is usually designed for a fundamental harmonic resonance frequency a~t about 25KHz.
, ...
However, -the standard nozzles are usually operated at their third harmonic frequency.
- The consideration of the curves shows tha-t there are some areas of extremely high drive voltage requirements with the standard nozzle which are effectively useless not only because of the amplitude of the drives required bu-t also ; because of the uncertainties of ink stream behavior at these high drives. An examination of the slope of standard nozzle curves (dv/df) shows that the slope values run from -~ to +~ .
(volts/kilohertz).
The response curve for a miniature noæzle is no-t nearly as ex-treme. Its slope lies between ~.7 and ~.7 (volts/
kilohertz). Table 1 below illustrates -this difference by showing -the per cent drive requiremen-t change ~or a 5% increase in -the velocity of sound în -the inkO This change is a change which occurs af-ter ink has been recycled for about 500 hours.
Increase in the veIocity of sound shî~-ts -the curves ~hich are shown to the right by the percentage of change, here 5%. The ., .
' ' "~ ' . ` ' `
~ '7'~/223 ~04~37 : :
voltage is shown beIo~ or obtained from the'graph by loca-ting the frequencies 5% apar-t.
STANDARD MINI
Fl F2(KHZ~ NOZZLE- NOZZLE
(KHZ) ''(Fl'xl'.O'S) 'Vl 'V2''%' ~''V'' ''%''~ V' . .
62 652L~- 18.5 -30' ' ''' 5 6265 1~.'5 18.5 '-5 100 105 34 35.5 -4.4 85 89' 25 43 +62 85 8927.5 29.5 +7 From -the foregoing it can be seen that with the mininozzle, which is made in accordance with thls invention,'~
over an extremely wide range of frequencies, the percen-tage - chanue in the drive voltage, required for the standard nozzle, is considerably greater than that required for the miniature nozzle made in accordance with this invention. Thus, such changes which are usually caused by variations in ~the parameters of the ink, are certainly far better tolerated by using -the miniature nozzle than the standard nozzle.
It may be seen from the graph, tha-t areas can be selected on the curves that would favor one nozzle over the other. For example, if 73 and 77KHz were chosen the percentage ' , change of the voltage drive would be substantially zero for '~
the~standard nozzle and 13% for the miniature nozzle. However ' it can be seen that the miniature nozzle can be used at any frequency from 50KHz to 145KHz while the standard nozzle has exclusion zones which shif-t with ink parameters.
.
Referring to Figure 2, -there may be seen a cross sectional view of a miniature nozzle made in accordance with this invention. If desired, the nozzle'20 may be''made'from '~
a shore piece Or hypo-ermic ~u~in_. The Pront end of ~he .:
.
~0490~7 nozzle is shaped to accept a 600~ OD jewel 22, which is inserted and staked in position. An epoxy seal is made. The orifice of ;~
the jewel, by way of example, and not to serve as a limitation of the invention, is 0.0025 inches. Further by way of illustration, the tubing dimensions are 0.028 inches OD and 0.017 inches ID. ~ -The length of the tubing is 0.180 inches. The frequency of operation selected for such a nozzle is below the frequency of first fluid resonance.
The transducer 24, is attached to the tubing, preferably in the manner described in U.S. patent No. 3J972J47~ ~o Keur et al, issued November 26, 1974, and assigned to a common assignee. One lead to the driving voltage source 26, is connected to the transducer 24, the other lead, which is the ground lead 28, is connected to the -~
nozzle. A ~lastic hose 30, usually couples the nozzle to the ink reservoir.
The size of the standard nozzle may range from .591 inches to .975 inches which are used in frequencies on the order of 66 KHz.
To su~narize, some of the advantages of a miniature nozæle in accordance with this invention, over that of the standard nozzle, are that since the mechanical resonance frequency of the miniature -nozzle is well away from practical operating frequency, which is usually on the order of 66 KHZJ rendering the response of the nozzle relatively flat with variations in both frequency and fluid ~ ~ :
(ink) parameters. Further, mechanical resonances of the nozzle ~ -are well above the practical operating frequencies. This also adds to the flatness of the frequency response to the nozzle. By flat-ness is meant that the voltage requirement for a particular drop separation time i5 substantially constant over a useful range of frequencies.
` 74/223 8~
The ratio of diame-ters of this invention to those oE ` -the presently used nozæle is approximately 1:4 making the area ratio 1 to 17.
Because of the miniaturiza-tion of the nozzle conduit, the fluid velocities through this conduit are substantially increased and as a result, start up time is considerably shortened. This occurs because air or gas, which may be trapped in the conduit, is quickl~ swept out of it. To elimina-te gases during star~t up time with the standard nozzle may take up to 5 minutes. Finally, the ink parameters need not be as tightly administered as here~
tofore in view of the flatness of the response curve.
:, . , ;
' ' ;,-"
, ' ~ , -, . : '
This invention relates to ink drop printing systems and more particularly to a me-thod and means of making an improved nozzle to be used therein. ~
In a Patent No. 3,683,396, there is described a ~ -method and means for designing a nozzle for an ink d~op writing system. It was shown that in order to insure a most efficient -transfer of power from the driving source into the drop forming mechanism, the nozzle had to be designed to provide a fluid ~ ~`
resonance condition. If the nozzle is consldered as a closed ~ `
, ~ .
' -~: `
: :
` 7~/223 10490~7 pipe, the frequency of vibration of. the fluid in the pipe a-t wh;ch.its length is an odd multiple'of a quarter ~ave'length of sound through the'f.luid in the'pipe is the fluid resonance length and at this length results in the highest- power transfer.
The mechanical resonance frequency of the'pipe turns out to be close to the fluid res'onance frequency.
In order to stabilize the drop forming process~ the variations in drive voltage requiremen-ts for the -transducer that vibrates the nozzle for drop formation 7 must be minimized. .
Varia-tions in drive voltage'requirements occur usually due to '~
variations in the acoustic coupling between -the transducer and the fluid. Most nozzles make use of resonating fluid columns '.
in order to couple energy in-to -the fluid, but this method falters when ~'luid parame-ters change (such as temperature concentra-tion, veloci.ty of sound).
When a nozzle is designed to have a length at which fluid resonance occurs, it has been found that changes in the ~: : composition or temperature of the fluid -throws -the nozzle out of fluid resonance, thereby causing a considerable increase '? in the driving power required and also to a certain extent altering the loca-tion a-t which drop separation from the ink '~ stream occurs. This latter phenomenon can be slgnificant :~
since it is necessary to apply a charge to the drops at the loca-tion at which drop separa-tion from.-the ink stream takes ' 25 place.
In a Patent No. 3,771~568, i-t was shown that where ink is recirculated, in order to maintaln -the des'ired flui.d, resonance, i-t was necessary -to. compensate for the''e~fects of evapora-tion on -the ink'parameters.
When the composition and -temperature o~ the ink is _ 2 - ...
'~ :10490~37 controlled so that fluid resonance is maintained substantially constant, no problems are encountered. However, it has been found that this is easier said than done. Users o$ the equipment may purchase their ink supplies from dif-ferent manufacturers and therefore the fluid resonance of the nozzle which has been designed for an ink for one particular type of manufacturer is not suitable for ink of another manufacturer. Unused ink drops which are fed -back into a reservoir supplying ink to the nozzle may not be compensated for -~
the effects of evaporation as effectively as they should be. As indicated, this can adversely affect the operation of the ink drop writing system.
OBJECTS AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION ~ -~
An object of this invention is to provide a nozzle for an ink drop writing system with a construction which renders it substantially insensitive to the velocity of sound changes in ink.
Another object of this invention is the provision of a nozzle whose performance is substantially unchanged despite the changing ink parameters.
Yet another object of this invention is the provision of an improved construction for a nozzle used in an ink jet printing system.
According to one aspect of the invention there is provided a nozzle ~ -for an ink drop writing system having a mechanical resonance frequency which is at least 1.5 times higher than the frequency of operation of the system and a fundamental fluid resonance frequency which is at least 1.06 times higher than the frequency of operation of the system.
Acccording to another aspect of the invention there is provided a nozzle for an ink drop writing system having mechanical resonance frequency which is greater than the frequency of operation of the system and, for a predetermined range of operating frequencies, the ratio of change in drive voltage required to accommodate a change in operating frequency does not exceed one volt per kilohertz.
.
. ' . .
The invention will best be understood from the follow-ing description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. ~
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF T~F. DRAWIN&S :
Figure 1 is a graph illustrating the variations in drive voltages required versus nozzle frequency response for both the "standard" nozzle and nozzles made in accordance with this invention.
Figure 2 is a cross sectional view of a nozzle made in accordance with this invention.
''~' ;; ' ~ , ~ .
.
:
.
. .
7L~/223 DESCRIPTIO~ OF THE PREFERRED E~BODIMENT
In ~igure 1, -the curve 10 represents -the drive vol-tage required over a range of frequencies from 50 -to 145 KHz for a nozzle having dimensîons in accordance with this invention. By way of illustration~ the dimensions of the nozzle in accordance with -this invention are selec-ted to provide a first or fundamen-tal fluid resonance at 70KHz. A
third harmonic is well above 150KHz. Mechanical resonance will fall a-t about 250KHz. The curve 12, 14 represents a curve derived from a standard nozzle which is usually designed for a fundamental harmonic resonance frequency a~t about 25KHz.
, ...
However, -the standard nozzles are usually operated at their third harmonic frequency.
- The consideration of the curves shows tha-t there are some areas of extremely high drive voltage requirements with the standard nozzle which are effectively useless not only because of the amplitude of the drives required bu-t also ; because of the uncertainties of ink stream behavior at these high drives. An examination of the slope of standard nozzle curves (dv/df) shows that the slope values run from -~ to +~ .
(volts/kilohertz).
The response curve for a miniature noæzle is no-t nearly as ex-treme. Its slope lies between ~.7 and ~.7 (volts/
kilohertz). Table 1 below illustrates -this difference by showing -the per cent drive requiremen-t change ~or a 5% increase in -the velocity of sound în -the inkO This change is a change which occurs af-ter ink has been recycled for about 500 hours.
Increase in the veIocity of sound shî~-ts -the curves ~hich are shown to the right by the percentage of change, here 5%. The ., .
' ' "~ ' . ` ' `
~ '7'~/223 ~04~37 : :
voltage is shown beIo~ or obtained from the'graph by loca-ting the frequencies 5% apar-t.
STANDARD MINI
Fl F2(KHZ~ NOZZLE- NOZZLE
(KHZ) ''(Fl'xl'.O'S) 'Vl 'V2''%' ~''V'' ''%''~ V' . .
62 652L~- 18.5 -30' ' ''' 5 6265 1~.'5 18.5 '-5 100 105 34 35.5 -4.4 85 89' 25 43 +62 85 8927.5 29.5 +7 From -the foregoing it can be seen that with the mininozzle, which is made in accordance with thls invention,'~
over an extremely wide range of frequencies, the percen-tage - chanue in the drive voltage, required for the standard nozzle, is considerably greater than that required for the miniature nozzle made in accordance with this invention. Thus, such changes which are usually caused by variations in ~the parameters of the ink, are certainly far better tolerated by using -the miniature nozzle than the standard nozzle.
It may be seen from the graph, tha-t areas can be selected on the curves that would favor one nozzle over the other. For example, if 73 and 77KHz were chosen the percentage ' , change of the voltage drive would be substantially zero for '~
the~standard nozzle and 13% for the miniature nozzle. However ' it can be seen that the miniature nozzle can be used at any frequency from 50KHz to 145KHz while the standard nozzle has exclusion zones which shif-t with ink parameters.
.
Referring to Figure 2, -there may be seen a cross sectional view of a miniature nozzle made in accordance with this invention. If desired, the nozzle'20 may be''made'from '~
a shore piece Or hypo-ermic ~u~in_. The Pront end of ~he .:
.
~0490~7 nozzle is shaped to accept a 600~ OD jewel 22, which is inserted and staked in position. An epoxy seal is made. The orifice of ;~
the jewel, by way of example, and not to serve as a limitation of the invention, is 0.0025 inches. Further by way of illustration, the tubing dimensions are 0.028 inches OD and 0.017 inches ID. ~ -The length of the tubing is 0.180 inches. The frequency of operation selected for such a nozzle is below the frequency of first fluid resonance.
The transducer 24, is attached to the tubing, preferably in the manner described in U.S. patent No. 3J972J47~ ~o Keur et al, issued November 26, 1974, and assigned to a common assignee. One lead to the driving voltage source 26, is connected to the transducer 24, the other lead, which is the ground lead 28, is connected to the -~
nozzle. A ~lastic hose 30, usually couples the nozzle to the ink reservoir.
The size of the standard nozzle may range from .591 inches to .975 inches which are used in frequencies on the order of 66 KHz.
To su~narize, some of the advantages of a miniature nozæle in accordance with this invention, over that of the standard nozzle, are that since the mechanical resonance frequency of the miniature -nozzle is well away from practical operating frequency, which is usually on the order of 66 KHZJ rendering the response of the nozzle relatively flat with variations in both frequency and fluid ~ ~ :
(ink) parameters. Further, mechanical resonances of the nozzle ~ -are well above the practical operating frequencies. This also adds to the flatness of the frequency response to the nozzle. By flat-ness is meant that the voltage requirement for a particular drop separation time i5 substantially constant over a useful range of frequencies.
` 74/223 8~
The ratio of diame-ters of this invention to those oE ` -the presently used nozæle is approximately 1:4 making the area ratio 1 to 17.
Because of the miniaturiza-tion of the nozzle conduit, the fluid velocities through this conduit are substantially increased and as a result, start up time is considerably shortened. This occurs because air or gas, which may be trapped in the conduit, is quickl~ swept out of it. To elimina-te gases during star~t up time with the standard nozzle may take up to 5 minutes. Finally, the ink parameters need not be as tightly administered as here~
tofore in view of the flatness of the response curve.
:, . , ;
' ' ;,-"
, ' ~ , -, . : '
Claims (5)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A nozzle for an ink drop writing system having a mechanical resonance frequency which is at least 1.5 times higher than the frequency of operation of the system and a fundamental fluid resonance frequency which is at least 1.06 times higher than the frequency of operation of the system.
2. A nozzle for an ink drop writing system as recited in claim 1 wherein its length is less than 2/10 of an inch.
3. A nozzle for an ink drop writing system as recited in claim 2 wherein its inner diameter is on the order of 0.017 inches.
4. A nozzle for an ink drop writing system as recited in claim 1 having a mechanical resonance frequency in excess of 100 KHz.
5. A nozzle for an ink drop writing system having mechanical resonance frequency which is greater than the frequency of operation of the system and, for a predetermined range of operating frequencies, the ratio of change in drive voltage required to accommodate a change in operating frequency does not exceed one volt per kilohertz.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/520,025 US3972474A (en) | 1974-11-01 | 1974-11-01 | Miniature ink jet nozzle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1049087A true CA1049087A (en) | 1979-02-20 |
Family
ID=24070885
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA75238407A Expired CA1049087A (en) | 1974-11-01 | 1975-10-27 | Miniature ink jet nozzle |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3972474A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5648305B2 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU476961B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7507065A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1049087A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH605144A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2548928C3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2289348A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1531738A (en) |
Families Citing this family (36)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5385119A (en) * | 1977-01-05 | 1978-07-27 | Hitachi Ltd | Ink jet recording device |
| GB2017007B (en) * | 1978-03-15 | 1982-04-28 | Gould Inc | Ink jet tip assembly and method |
| US4234885A (en) * | 1979-09-10 | 1980-11-18 | A. B. Dick Company | Remote ink valve |
| JPS609908B2 (en) * | 1979-09-21 | 1985-03-13 | キヤノン株式会社 | liquid jet recording head |
| JPS56104065A (en) * | 1980-01-23 | 1981-08-19 | Hitachi Ltd | Preparing device for ink particle |
| EP0036297A3 (en) * | 1980-03-14 | 1981-10-07 | Willett International Limited | Ink jet printing apparatus and process |
| US4319251A (en) * | 1980-08-15 | 1982-03-09 | A. B. Dick Company | Ink jet printing employing reverse charge coupling |
| JPS5738159A (en) * | 1980-08-20 | 1982-03-02 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Exciting system of printing head in ink jet printing device |
| US4366490A (en) * | 1980-09-11 | 1982-12-28 | Exxon Research And Engineering Co. | Method and apparatus for tuning ink jets |
| US4338611A (en) * | 1980-09-12 | 1982-07-06 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid jet recording head |
| JPS57109669A (en) * | 1980-12-27 | 1982-07-08 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Ink injection head |
| US4395719A (en) * | 1981-01-05 | 1983-07-26 | Exxon Research And Engineering Co. | Ink jet apparatus with a flexible piezoelectric member and method of operating same |
| US4459601A (en) * | 1981-01-30 | 1984-07-10 | Exxon Research And Engineering Co. | Ink jet method and apparatus |
| JPS57138951A (en) * | 1981-02-20 | 1982-08-27 | Hitachi Ltd | Apparatus for producing ink particle |
| JPS57187263A (en) * | 1981-05-14 | 1982-11-17 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Ink jet recorder |
| GB2104452B (en) * | 1981-06-29 | 1985-07-31 | Canon Kk | Liquid jet recording head |
| JPS5896565A (en) * | 1981-12-04 | 1983-06-08 | Hitachi Ltd | Ink jet recording method |
| US4646104A (en) * | 1982-06-21 | 1987-02-24 | Eastman Kodak Company | Fluid jet print head |
| US4583101A (en) * | 1982-12-27 | 1986-04-15 | Eastman Kodak Company | Fluid jet print head and stimulator therefor |
| AT377450B (en) * | 1983-02-28 | 1985-03-25 | Waagner Biro Ag | METHOD FOR SEPARATING ACID POLLUTANTS AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD |
| JPH0242594Y2 (en) * | 1984-12-19 | 1990-11-14 | ||
| JPS61110314U (en) * | 1984-12-25 | 1986-07-12 | ||
| US4727379A (en) * | 1986-07-09 | 1988-02-23 | Vidoejet Systems International, Inc. | Accoustically soft ink jet nozzle assembly |
| USRE35737E (en) * | 1986-07-09 | 1998-02-24 | Vidoejet Systems International, Inc. | Accoustically soft ink jet nozzle assembly |
| DE3637631C1 (en) * | 1986-11-05 | 1987-08-20 | Philips Patentverwaltung | Process for applying small amounts of molten, drop-shaped solder from a nozzle to surfaces to be wetted and device for carrying out the process |
| GB8915819D0 (en) * | 1989-07-11 | 1989-08-31 | Domino Printing Sciences Plc | Continuous ink jet printer |
| US5646663A (en) * | 1994-09-16 | 1997-07-08 | Videojet Systems International, Inc. | Method and apparatus for continuous ink jet printing with a non-sinusoidal driving waveform |
| US5560543A (en) * | 1994-09-19 | 1996-10-01 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Heat-resistant broad-bandwidth liquid droplet generators |
| US6133577A (en) * | 1997-02-04 | 2000-10-17 | Advanced Energy Systems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for producing extreme ultra-violet light for use in photolithography |
| US6065203A (en) * | 1998-04-03 | 2000-05-23 | Advanced Energy Systems, Inc. | Method of manufacturing very small diameter deep passages |
| US6180952B1 (en) | 1998-04-03 | 2001-01-30 | Advanced Energy Systems, Inc. | Holder assembly system and method in an emitted energy system for photolithography |
| US6194733B1 (en) | 1998-04-03 | 2001-02-27 | Advanced Energy Systems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for adjustably supporting a light source for use in photolithography |
| US6105885A (en) * | 1998-04-03 | 2000-08-22 | Advanced Energy Systems, Inc. | Fluid nozzle system and method in an emitted energy system for photolithography |
| US6367925B1 (en) | 2000-02-28 | 2002-04-09 | Microfab Technologies, Inc. | Flat-sided fluid dispensing device |
| US6364457B1 (en) * | 2001-01-24 | 2002-04-02 | Sphere Connections, Inc. | Continuous ink jet printing head having feedback control housing parts and field replaceable filter and nozzle assemblies |
| EP1637329A1 (en) * | 2004-09-15 | 2006-03-22 | Domino Printing Sciences Plc | Droplet generator |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3281860A (en) * | 1964-11-09 | 1966-10-25 | Dick Co Ab | Ink jet nozzle |
| US3683396A (en) * | 1970-08-05 | 1972-08-08 | Dick Co Ab | Method and apparatus for control of ink drop formation |
| US3683212A (en) * | 1970-09-09 | 1972-08-08 | Clevite Corp | Pulsed droplet ejecting system |
| US3717875A (en) * | 1971-05-04 | 1973-02-20 | Little Inc A | Method and apparatus for directing the flow of liquid droplets in a stream and instruments incorporating the same |
| US3823408A (en) * | 1972-11-29 | 1974-07-09 | Ibm | High performance ink jet nozzle |
-
1974
- 1974-11-01 US US05/520,025 patent/US3972474A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1975
- 1975-10-23 CH CH1375676A patent/CH605144A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-10-27 CA CA75238407A patent/CA1049087A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-10-28 AU AU86063/75A patent/AU476961B2/en not_active Expired
- 1975-10-29 BR BR7507065*A patent/BR7507065A/en unknown
- 1975-10-30 FR FR7533202A patent/FR2289348A1/en active Granted
- 1975-10-31 DE DE2548928A patent/DE2548928C3/en not_active Expired
- 1975-10-31 GB GB45403/75A patent/GB1531738A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-10-31 JP JP13135775A patent/JPS5648305B2/ja not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2548928B2 (en) | 1978-12-14 |
| DE2548928A1 (en) | 1976-05-13 |
| BR7507065A (en) | 1976-08-03 |
| AU476961B2 (en) | 1976-10-07 |
| JPS5168133A (en) | 1976-06-12 |
| DE2548928C3 (en) | 1979-08-23 |
| FR2289348A1 (en) | 1976-05-28 |
| AU8606375A (en) | 1976-10-07 |
| CH605144A5 (en) | 1978-09-29 |
| GB1531738A (en) | 1978-11-08 |
| FR2289348B1 (en) | 1981-03-27 |
| JPS5648305B2 (en) | 1981-11-14 |
| US3972474A (en) | 1976-08-03 |
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